CN117227565A

CN117227565A - Electric vehicle and power conversion method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN117227565A
Application number: CN202211733339.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 于新瑞; 张雪峰
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-01
Filing date: 2022-12-30
Publication date: 2023-12-15
Also published as: CN219600989U; CN116653572A; CN219096534U; CN220180550U; CN219096478U; CN219106430U; CN219600898U; CN117227566A; CN219487565U; CN219658866U; CN116653879A; CN116653573A; CN116653574A; CN116653687A; CN117239326A; CN219312729U; CN117227564A; CN219312872U; CN220009715U; CN219096681U

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to an electric vehicle, which comprises a vehicle body and battery packs, wherein at least one battery pack is arranged on each of two sides of the vehicle body along the width direction of the vehicle body, the battery packs are moved between a locking position and an unlocking position along the horizontal direction, and when the battery packs are positioned at the locking positions, a first locking mechanism and a second locking mechanism are matched to lock the battery packs on the vehicle body. The battery packs are respectively arranged on the two sides of the vehicle body, so that the difficulty in power change caused by overlarge volume and weight of a single battery pack is avoided, the load on the two sides of the vehicle body is balanced, the load bearing requirement on the locking mechanism is reduced, and when the battery pack is in the locking position through the locking mechanism locked in the horizontal direction, the movable part of the locking mechanism is prevented from bearing, and the connection firmness and stability of the battery pack and the electric vehicle are improved; on the other hand, when one of the battery packs is damaged, the presence of the other battery packs ensures the normal operation of the electric vehicle.

Description

Electric vehicle and power conversion method thereof

The present application claims priority from chinese patent application CN2022115318647, whose filing date is 202, 12, 1. The present application incorporates the entirety of the above-mentioned chinese patent application.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to an electric vehicle and a power conversion method of the electric vehicle.

Background

Currently, electric utility vehicles, such as electric trucks, are increasingly emerging in many application scenarios for these vehicles. Because commercial vehicles such as electric trucks and the like have larger capacity demands on battery packs, the charging time of the battery packs is overlong, the capacity and the service life of the battery packs can be greatly reduced no matter what type of battery packs are charged by quick charging at present, even the battery packs are charged quickly, the battery packs need to be charged for nearly half an hour, the charging cost can be greatly increased in the peak period of electricity consumption, and the service efficiency of the electric heavy truck vehicle is affected.

For the above reasons, when the battery is operated in the battery replacement mode, a lot of time can be saved when the battery is replaced compared with the charging, and the battery can be charged by avoiding the peak of the power consumption when the battery is replaced.

Currently, in the related art, the entire battery pack is generally provided on the vehicle body. However, the problem that the battery pack is heavy and the installation position is too concentrated, so that the battery pack is easy to influence the battery replacement, and the requirement on the bearing capacity of the locking mechanism on the electric vehicle is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of improving the utilization of installation space of a battery-changing trolley bus package of an electric vehicle and provides the electric vehicle and a battery-changing method of the electric vehicle.

The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme: the electric vehicle comprises a vehicle body and battery packs, wherein at least one battery pack is respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle body along the width direction of the vehicle body, and the at least one battery pack is a battery replacement pack detachably connected with the vehicle body; the vehicle body is characterized in that a first locking mechanism is arranged on the vehicle body, the battery pack is provided with a second locking mechanism matched with the first locking mechanism, the battery pack moves between a locking position and an unlocking position along the width direction of the vehicle body, and when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the first locking mechanism is matched with the second locking mechanism so as to lock the battery pack on the vehicle body.

According to the invention, the battery pack is moved along the width direction of the vehicle body, so that the battery pack can be closer to the vehicle body direction after being mounted, the space between the battery pack and the vehicle body in the width direction is optimized, and the flexibility and the maximum length of the battery pack position setting can be increased on the premise that the battery pack accords with the design specification in the length direction (the safety distance between the battery pack and the front-rear direction structure of the vehicle body 1, such as wheels).

Further, the body includes a beam; the first locking mechanism is arranged on the vehicle beam, and the battery pack for replacing the electric battery is detachably arranged on the vehicle beam. According to the invention, the battery pack is directly arranged on the vehicle beam through the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, so that the connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body is more stable.

Further, the first locking mechanism is arranged at the side part and/or the bottom part of the vehicle beam.

The invention uses the space on the side of the vehicle and the side of the battery pack, which is beneficial to arranging the installation locking mechanism. The first locking mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle beam, the corresponding battery pack for battery replacement is provided with the second locking mechanism at the lower section, the possibility of optimizing the installation space of the battery pack for battery replacement is provided, and the installation fixing force of the lower section can be provided for the battery pack for battery replacement, so that the fixing effect of the vehicle beam to the battery pack for battery replacement is improved.

Further, the body comprises a vehicle beam and a battery pack support, the battery pack support is fixedly connected with the vehicle beam, the first locking mechanism is arranged on the battery pack support, and the battery pack is detachably arranged on the battery pack support.

The invention installs the battery pack on the battery pack bracket. The arrangement mode and the mounting structure of the first locking mechanism can be conveniently and optimally set, so that the structural limit of the vehicle beam can be conveniently broken through.

Further, the first locking mechanism is arranged at least one of the top, the side and the bottom of the battery pack bracket.

According to the invention, the first locking mechanism is arranged at the top of the battery pack bracket, so that the top of the battery pack can be fixed after the battery pack is installed, and the stress of the battery pack is balanced and stable. Through setting up the side at battery package support with first locking mechanism, can directly fix battery package side to utilize the space between battery package side and the automobile body, with the space that utilizes the automobile body on the basis of improving fixed effect.

Further, the vehicle body comprises a vehicle beam and a battery pack bracket, the battery pack bracket is fixedly connected with the vehicle beam, and the battery pack is detachably arranged on the battery pack bracket; the battery pack holder includes:

the vehicle beam connecting part is connected with the vehicle beam;

a lock mounting portion connected to the beam connecting portion, the lock mounting portion extending outward in a width direction of the vehicle body;

Wherein the first locking mechanism is provided in the locking mounting portion.

According to the invention, the first locking mechanism can be conveniently arranged in the width direction of the vehicle body by arranging the epitaxial locking installation part, so that the battery pack has more abundant installation and fixing space and installation space, and the battery pack is beneficial to optimizing the moving convenience and the installation stability of the battery pack.

Further, the number of the first locking structures is plural, and the plurality of first locking mechanisms are provided at intervals on the locking mounting portion in the width direction of the vehicle body.

According to the invention, the plurality of first locking mechanisms are arranged, so that the multi-point battery pack can be installed and fixed, the stress of the battery pack is more balanced, and the connection is more stable.

Further, a first connector is arranged on one side, facing the beam, of the battery pack, and a second connector matched with the first connector is arranged on the vehicle body; the first connector is connected with the second connector to realize electric connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body.

According to the invention, the first connector is arranged on one side of the battery pack, which faces the vehicle road, so that the second connector and the first connector can be connected or separated when the battery pack is moved along the width direction of the vehicle body. With this arrangement, the first connector does not occupy the vertical height of the battery pack and the space on the front side and the rear side, which is beneficial to the space optimization arrangement of the battery pack.

Further, the body further includes a connector mounting portion for mounting the second connector, and the connector mounting portion is provided at the side portion or below the vehicle beam.

According to the invention, the connector mounting part is arranged below the vehicle beam, so that the space below the vehicle beam can be utilized to facilitate the optimal arrangement of the mounting space of the connector mounting part and the second connector. The connector mounting part is arranged at the side of the vehicle beam, so that the mounting space of the top and bottom of the vehicle beam can be optimized, the second connector can be stably mounted, the collision is not easy during driving, and the position interference with other structures of the vehicle is not easy to occur.

Further, the battery pack bracket comprises a plurality of beam connecting parts which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body; the upper part of the vehicle beam connecting part is connected with the vehicle beam, and the lower part of the vehicle beam connecting part extends to the lower part of the vehicle beam; the two ends of the connector installation part are respectively connected to the lower parts of the adjacent car beam connection parts.

According to the invention, the plurality of vehicle beam connecting parts are arranged at intervals, so that the weight of the battery pack bracket can be reduced on the basis that the battery pack bracket has more positions for connecting with the vehicle beam so as to increase the stability of the connection of the battery pack bracket, and meanwhile, the arrangement structure of the second connector can be optimized by utilizing the space between the vehicle beam connecting parts by connecting the connector mounting parts with the vehicle beam connecting parts.

Further, the middle part of the connector installation part is concavely folded towards the inner side of the vehicle beam to form a connector installation area, and the second connector is arranged in the connector installation area.

According to the invention, the middle part of the connector installation part is recessed, and a part of the structure of the second connector can be arranged below the vehicle beam, so that the space requirement of the side of the vehicle beam for the arrangement of the second connector is reduced, the battery pack of the battery replacement can be as close to the vehicle beam as possible in the width direction of the vehicle beam, the volume capacity of the battery pack in the width direction can be increased, and the whole electric vehicle structure is compact. The connector mounting portion can also be recessed to enhance its resistance to deformation.

Further, the battery pack bracket includes a plurality of locking mounting portions arranged at intervals along a length direction of the vehicle body; the battery pack support further comprises a fourth reinforcing part, and two ends of the fourth reinforcing part are respectively connected with the adjacent locking installation parts.

The fourth reinforcing part is arranged, so that the overall structural strength of the battery pack bracket can be further improved, and the battery pack side can be protected.

Further, in the height direction of the vehicle body, the tip end of the fourth reinforcement portion is higher than the tip end of the lock mounting portion.

The invention can provide sufficient moving space for the battery pack to move from the side of the body to the side of the body by making the height of the fourth reinforcement part higher than the top end of the locking installation part.

Further, the battery pack support further comprises a protection plate, wherein the protection plate is located at least at one side of the battery pack in the length direction of the vehicle body, and the protection plate is connected to the vehicle beam connecting portion and/or the locking installation portion.

According to the invention, the guard plate is arranged, so that the battery pack can be protected in the travelling direction of the vehicle beam, the influence or damage of the outside on the battery pack in the travelling process can be reduced, and the guard plate can be arranged between the battery pack and the wheels, so that the battery pack is protected when foreign matters are involved in the wheels. The protection plates are arranged on the vehicle beam connecting part and/or the locking installation part, so that the structure can be shared, and the structural arrangement of the battery pack support is optimized.

Further, the battery packs are arranged on two sides of the vehicle body. The invention can respectively perform the power exchanging action on the two sides of the body, so that the electric vehicle provides more replaceable battery packs and the power exchanging efficiency of the electric vehicle is improved. For some alternative embodiments, the replacement battery pack may be provided on only a single side of the electric vehicle.

Further, the battery pack support comprises a first support and a second support, the first support and the second support are respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle beam, and at least one battery pack is respectively installed on the first support and the second support.

The invention can respectively perform the power exchanging action on the two sides of the body, so that the electric vehicle provides more replaceable battery packs and the power exchanging efficiency of the electric vehicle is improved. For some alternative embodiments, the replacement battery pack may be provided on only a single side of the electric vehicle.

Further, the first locking structure comprises a lock base and a locking part, wherein a lock groove extending along the moving direction of the battery pack is formed in the lock base, and the locking part can movably extend into the lock groove; the second locking mechanism is a locking shaft arranged on the battery pack; when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the locking part locks the lock shaft in the locking groove.

According to the invention, the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism are arranged into the locking groove and the locking shaft, so that when the battery pack is in the locking position, the locking shaft is positioned in the locking groove, the top and bottom walls of the locking groove vertically limit the locking shaft, and the locking part only performs transverse movement for stopping the locking shaft, so that the locking part bears less load, and the locking stability of the locking part can be maintained.

Further, the locking groove comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section which are communicated with each other; when the lock shaft is positioned at one end of the horizontal section, which is connected with the vertical section, the battery pack is positioned at the unlocking position, and when the lock shaft is positioned at the other end of the horizontal section, the battery pack is positioned at the locking position.

According to the invention, the locking groove is arranged into the horizontal section and the vertical section, when the battery pack is assembled and disassembled, the vertical section guides the lock shaft to move up and down, and the side wall of the vertical section can also play a certain degree of anti-falling limiting effect on the lock shaft in the transverse direction, and the bottom of the horizontal section plays a supporting role on the lock shaft.

Preferably, one end of the lock shaft is connected with the battery pack, so that the lock shaft is integrally arranged in a cantilever manner, and the outer end of the lock shaft conveniently enters the lock groove;

preferably, the lock shaft is mounted on the battery pack through a mounting bracket, and two ends of the lock shaft are respectively connected with the mounting bracket. According to the invention, the lock shaft is supported by the two ends of the mounting bracket, so that the stress of the lock shaft is more balanced, and the use is more stable.

Further, a first connector is arranged at the top and/or the side part of the battery pack, and a second connector matched with the first connector is arranged on the body of the vehicle; the first connector is connected with the second connector to realize electric connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body.

Further, when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the first locking mechanism is located at the side part and/or the top part of the battery pack; the second locking mechanism is arranged at the side part and/or the top part of the battery pack.

According to the invention, the first locking mechanism is arranged at the side of the battery pack, so that the side of the battery pack can be directly fixed, and the space between the side of the battery pack and the vehicle body can be utilized. According to the invention, the first locking mechanism is arranged at the top of the battery pack, so that the stress of the battery pack can be balanced and stable after the battery pack is installed.

Further, the vehicle beam comprises two supporting beam bodies which are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body; the body further comprises a first reinforcing part, and two ends of the first reinforcing part are respectively connected with the two supporting beam bodies.

By the arrangement, the whole vehicle beam forms a frame structure, and the structural strength of the vehicle beam is enhanced on the basis of reducing the weight of the vehicle beam, so that the vehicle beam can be stable in structure when bearing the battery pack for replacing electricity.

Further, the battery pack bracket comprises a first bracket and a second bracket which are respectively arranged at two sides of the vehicle beam, and the battery pack bracket further comprises a second reinforcing part;

Preferably, the second reinforcing part passes through the lower side of the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the first bracket and the second bracket, so that the first bracket and the second bracket can be in reinforcing connection by utilizing a beam lower space, and particularly the first bracket and the second bracket are in reinforcing connection along the lower side part of the vehicle beam, so that the first bracket and the second bracket are more stable in structure;

preferably, the second reinforcement part passes through the upper side of the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcement part are respectively connected to the first bracket and the second bracket, so that the first bracket and the second bracket can be connected in a reinforced manner by utilizing the space on the beam, in some embodiments, the installation space can be utilized when the beam is provided with the installation space, and the installation structure of other structural components, such as the fixation of a battery pack on a vehicle body connecting pipeline, can be arranged on the second reinforcement part;

preferably, the second reinforcing part passes through the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the first bracket and the second bracket, so that the connection position of the second reinforcing part between the first bracket and the second bracket can be optimized conveniently, and the connection position of the second reinforcing part between the first bracket and the second bracket can be optimized conveniently;

Preferably, the vehicle beam comprises two supporting beam bodies arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body, the first support and the second support are respectively connected with the two supporting beam bodies, two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with corresponding positions of the first support and the second support on the supporting beam bodies, so that the second reinforcing part directly acts on the mounting position of the battery pack, and the vehicle beam is reinforced and simultaneously the fixing of the first support and the second support is completed.

Further, the second reinforcing part comprises horizontal reinforcing rods and vertical reinforcing rods, wherein the horizontal reinforcing rods are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the vehicle body, and the vertical reinforcing rods are connected with the adjacent horizontal reinforcing rods; wherein the middle part of the horizontal reinforcing rod positioned at the upper side and/or the lower side is recessed in a direction away from the vehicle beam.

According to the invention, the middle part of the horizontal reinforcing rod is sunken, so that the vehicle beam can be avoided, the horizontal reinforcing rod has a longer installation space in the vertical direction of the first bracket and the second bracket, the horizontal reinforcing rod is convenient to install, and the stress of the first bracket and the second bracket can be more balanced.

Further, the body further includes a connector mounting portion for mounting the second connector; the battery pack holder further includes a third reinforcing portion; and two ends of the third reinforcing part are respectively connected with connector mounting parts on two sides of the vehicle body.

The invention can improve the stability of the mounting structure of the connector mounting part on the vehicle body by integrating the connector mounting parts on the two sides of the vehicle body through the third reinforcing part.

Further, a guide part is arranged at the top of the battery pack or towards the side part of the vehicle body, and the vehicle body is matched with the guide part along the moving direction of the battery pack.

According to the invention, the guide part is arranged, so that the relative position between the battery pack and the vehicle body can be limited when the battery pack is dismounted and mounted, and the battery pack can be guided to move. Still accessible automobile body and direction cooperation carry out spacingly to the direction that trades battery package direction of movement is perpendicular, further improvement is to the fixed effect of trading the battery package.

Further, in the vertical direction, a plurality of first locking mechanisms are arranged on the vehicle body at intervals, and/or a plurality of second locking mechanisms are arranged on the battery pack at intervals.

According to the invention, through arranging the plurality of first locking mechanisms and the plurality of second locking mechanisms, the battery pack for the battery replacement has more and larger fixing areas, and further the stress of the battery pack for the battery replacement is more balanced and stable.

Further, the body further includes a protection plate, and in the longitudinal direction of the body, the protection plate is at least located at one side of the battery pack.

According to the invention, the guard plate is arranged, so that the battery pack can be protected in the running direction of the vehicle, the influence and damage of the outside on the battery pack in the running process can be reduced, and the guard plate can be arranged between the battery pack and the wheels, so that the battery pack is protected when foreign matters are involved in the wheels.

Further, at least one side outer edge of the battery pack is provided with a linear or circular arc chamfer.

According to the invention, by arranging the chamfer, the chamfer position is positioned at the side end of the battery pack when the battery pack is moved, so that the probability of collision damage between the battery pack and the outside is reduced.

Further, in the length direction of the body, the linear or circular arc chamfer is provided toward the head direction of the electric vehicle.

The invention also provides a power conversion method of the electric vehicle, which is applied to any one of the electric vehicles and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

controlling the power conversion equipment to move to a preset position corresponding to a power conversion battery pack on the electric vehicle;

controlling the battery replacement equipment to detach a battery replacement pack on the vehicle body;

And/or controlling the power exchanging device to mount a power exchanging battery pack to the vehicle body.

Further, the battery packs of changing electricity are all installed to both sides of automobile body, the quantity of changing electricity equipment is one, and the step of controlling changing electricity equipment to remove to the corresponding preset position of battery packs of changing electricity on the electric vehicle includes:

after the power conversion on one side of the vehicle body is completed, the power conversion equipment is controlled to move to a preset position corresponding to the power conversion battery pack on the other side of the vehicle body.

Further, the battery packs that change are all installed to both sides of automobile body, the quantity of changing the electric equipment is a plurality of, and the step that the battery packs that change correspond on the control changing the electric equipment and remove to electric vehicle includes:

and controlling the plurality of battery replacement devices to move to preset positions corresponding to the plurality of battery replacement packages respectively.

Further, the step of controlling the battery replacement device to detach the battery replacement pack on the vehicle body includes:

controlling the battery replacement equipment to unlock the battery replacement pack so as to enable the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism to be in an unmated state;

controlling the power conversion equipment to drive the battery pack to move along the horizontal direction so as to enable the battery pack to move to an unlocking position;

And controlling the power conversion equipment to drive the power conversion battery pack to be separated from the vehicle body.

Further, the step of controlling the power conversion device to mount a power conversion battery pack to the vehicle body includes:

controlling the power conversion equipment to drive the battery pack to move to an unlocking position;

and controlling the power conversion equipment to drive the power conversion battery pack to move to a locking position along the horizontal direction, so that the first locking mechanism is matched with the second locking mechanism.

The invention has the positive progress effects that: the invention provides an electric vehicle and a power conversion method of the electric vehicle, wherein battery packs are respectively arranged on two sides of a vehicle body, so that the difficulty in power conversion caused by overlarge volume and weight of a single battery pack is avoided, the load on two sides of the vehicle body is balanced, the load bearing requirement on a locking mechanism is reduced, and when the battery pack is in a locking position through the locking mechanism locked in the horizontal direction, the movable part of the locking mechanism is prevented from bearing, and the firmness and the stability of the connection between the battery pack and the electric vehicle are improved; on the other hand, when one of the battery packs is damaged, the presence of the other battery packs ensures the normal operation of the electric vehicle.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 1 after the battery pack is removed;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the battery pack in the embodiment shown in fig. 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a battery pack holder according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack for battery replacement according to the embodiment shown in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the example of fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the first locking mechanism in a locked state.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the first locking mechanism in an unlocked state.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack bracket, a battery pack, and a vehicle beam after being mated in another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the battery pack of fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the battery pack holder and the battery pack of fig. 9 after mating.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of a battery pack holder according to the embodiment shown in fig. 9.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the battery pack for battery replacement according to the embodiment shown in fig. 9.

Fig. 14 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the first locking mechanism of fig. 9.

Description of the reference numerals

A body 1; a vehicle beam 101; a corbel body 1011; a first reinforcing portion 1012; a first bracket 1021; a second bracket 1022; a second reinforcement 1023; horizontal stiffener 10231; vertical stiffener 10232; a third reinforcing portion 103; a connector mounting section 1024; a beam connection part 104; a lock mounting portion 105;

A battery pack 2 for battery replacement;

a first locking mechanism 3; a lock base 301; a locking portion 302;

a second lock mechanism 4; a lock shaft 401; a mounting bracket 402;

a locking groove 5; a horizontal segment 501; a vertical section 502;

a first connector 6;

a second connector 7;

guide ribs 801; a guide surface 802; a guide flange 803;

a protection plate 9;

a connector mounting area 10;

fourth reinforcement 12.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The embodiment of the present invention provides an electric vehicle, the implementation manner of which is illustrated as an example in fig. 1-14, and it should be understood that the implementation manner provided by the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the form shown in fig. 1-14, including a vehicle body 1 and battery packs, at least one battery pack being mounted on each of two sides of the vehicle body 1 along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, wherein at least one battery pack is a battery-exchanging pack 2 detachably connected with the vehicle body 1; wherein, be equipped with first locking mechanism 3 on the automobile body 1, trade electric battery package 2 and be equipped with first locking mechanism 3 complex second locking mechanism 4, trade electric battery package 2 and remove between locking position and unblock position along the horizontal direction, and trade electric battery package 2 and be located the locking position when, first locking mechanism 3 cooperatees with second locking mechanism 4 in order to lock electric battery package 2 on automobile body 1.

According to the electric vehicle, the battery packs are respectively arranged in the width direction of the vehicle body 1, so that the battery packs are arranged on the side of the vehicle body 1, a plurality of battery packs can simultaneously supply electric energy to the electric vehicle, and the battery packs are distributed on the side of the vehicle body plate body, so that the space on the side of the vehicle body 1 can be utilized. Moreover, through having set up the battery package 2 that trades to make battery package 2 that trades remove at the horizontal direction and realize locking and unlocking, can operate the battery package through horizontal migration in the side of automobile body 1, so that conveniently pack into or take out the battery package in the side of automobile body 1, still can remove battery package 2 that trades to the locking position in the horizontal direction after, trade battery package 2 and be difficult to remove to the unblock position when not applying external force to remove battery package 2 that trades, make battery package 2 that trades connect steadily at the state of use, be difficult for connecting inefficacy.

Through changing electric battery package 2 along the width direction removal of automobile body 1 to this can change electric battery package 2 can draw close automobile body 1 direction more after the installation, with the space of optimizing changing electric battery package 2 and automobile body 1 width direction, still can make changing electric battery package 2 accord with under the design rule on its length direction (with the safety distance of automobile body 1 fore-and-aft direction structure, like the wheel) increase change electric battery package 2 position setting flexibility, maximum length. Also in some embodiments, as shown in the drawing, a second connector 7 is provided inside the vehicle body to complete the connection of the first connector 6 and the second connector 7 when the battery pack 2 moves in the width direction of the vehicle body 1.

As an implementation of the present invention, as shown in the embodiment of fig. 1, 4, and 9, for the arrangement of the first locking mechanism 3, in a preferred embodiment, the vehicle body 1 includes a vehicle beam 101; the first locking mechanism 3 is provided on the vehicle beam 101, and the battery pack 2 is detachably mounted on the vehicle beam 101. Through with trading battery package 2 through first locking mechanism 3, second locking mechanism 4 direct mount in roof beam 101, can make trading battery package 2 and be connected more stable with automobile body 1.

In the embodiment in which the first locking mechanism 3 is disposed on the vehicle beam 101, the mounting position of the first locking mechanism 3 includes, but is not limited to, the following examples, in which the first locking mechanism 3 is disposed on the side portion of the vehicle beam 101, and by disposing the first locking mechanism 3 on the side portion of the vehicle beam 101, the corresponding second locking mechanism 4 may be disposed on the side portion of the battery pack, and a larger space is provided between the side portion of the vehicle and the side portion of the battery pack, which is advantageous for disposing the mounting locking mechanism. Second, first locking mechanism 3 sets up in the bottom of roof beam 101, corresponds, and battery package 2 that trades sets up second locking mechanism 4 in the hypomere, through so setting up can make the battery package have locking mounted position in the hypomere, provides the possibility of optimizing battery package 2 installation space that trades, still can provide the installation stationary force of hypomere to battery package 2 that trades to improve the fixed effect of roof beam 101 to battery package 2 that trades. Alternatively, the first lock mechanism 3 may be provided at both the side and bottom of the vehicle body beam 101.

For the installation mode of the battery pack 2 on the vehicle body 1, as shown in the embodiments of fig. 1, 4 and 9, the vehicle body 1 includes a vehicle beam 101 and a battery pack bracket, the battery pack bracket is fixedly connected with the vehicle beam 101, the first locking mechanism 3 is disposed on the battery pack bracket, and the battery pack 2 is detachably mounted on the battery pack bracket. By mounting the battery pack 2 in a battery pack holder. The arrangement manner and the mounting structure of the first locking mechanism 3 can be conveniently and optimally set so as to break through the structural limitation of the vehicle beam 101 itself. In addition, the auxiliary mechanisms such as the connector of the vehicle and the like can be arranged on the battery pack bracket, so that the integral installation and disassembly of the structure of the battery pack 2 are realized, the installation steps and the process are simplified, the installation efficiency is improved, and the existing electric vehicle is convenient to refit.

For the embodiment in which the battery pack 2 is mounted on the vehicle body 1 by the battery pack holder, the mounting position of the first locking mechanism 3 is preferably set at least one of the top, side, and bottom of the battery pack holder. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the first locking mechanism 3 is arranged at the top of the battery pack bracket, so that the top of the battery pack 2 can be fixed after the battery pack 2 is installed, the stress of the battery pack 2 is increased, balanced and stable, the upper side of the battery pack 2 is provided with a battery pack bracket structure and the first locking mechanism 3, the battery pack 2 is separated from the vehicle body at the upper side, and the battery pack 2 is protected from the top, and the whole structure of the top of the battery pack bracket fixed battery pack 2 is positioned at the upper side of the battery pack 2 as shown in fig. 2 and 3. As in the embodiment shown in fig. 4 and 9, by providing the first locking mechanism 3 on the side of the battery pack holder, the side of the battery pack 2 can be directly fixed to use the space between the side of the battery pack and the vehicle body 1, so that the space of the vehicle body 1 can be used while improving the fixing effect.

In the embodiment of the invention that the battery pack 2 moves in the width direction of the vehicle body 1, the vehicle body 1 comprises a vehicle beam 101 and a battery pack bracket, the battery pack bracket is fixedly connected with the vehicle beam 101, and the battery pack 2 is detachably arranged on the battery pack bracket; the battery pack holder includes: a beam connecting portion 104 connected to the beam 101; a lock mounting portion 105 connected to the beam connecting portion 104, the lock mounting portion 105 extending outward in the width direction of the vehicle body 1; the first lock mechanism 3 is provided in the lock mounting portion 105. As shown in fig. 4, by providing the extended locking mounting portion 105, the first locking mechanism 3 can be arranged in the vehicle body width direction conveniently, so that the battery pack 2 has a more abundant installation fixing space and installation space, which is beneficial to optimally setting the moving convenience and the installation stability of the battery pack 2.

In the embodiment in which the first lock mechanism 3 is mounted to the lock mounting portion 105, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, it is further preferable that the number of first lock structures is plural, and the plural first lock mechanisms 3 are provided at intervals on the lock mounting portion 105 in the width direction of the vehicle body 1. Through setting up a plurality of first locking mechanism 3, can adopt the multiple spot to install fixedly to the battery package 2 that trades for the battery package 2 atress that trades is more balanced, connects more stably.

As for the embodiment in which the first lock mechanism 3 is mounted in the lock mounting portion 105, it is further optimized in that, as shown in fig. 4, the battery pack is provided with the first connector 6 on the side facing the vehicle beam 101, and the vehicle body 1 is provided with the second connector 7 mated with the first connector 6; the first connector 6 is connected with the second connector 7 to achieve an electrical and/or liquid-cooled connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body 1. By providing the first connector 6 on the side of the battery pack facing the vehicle road, connection or disconnection between the second connector 7 and the first connector 6 can be achieved when the battery pack 2 is moved in the width direction of the vehicle body 1. With this arrangement, the first connector 6 does not occupy the vertical height of the battery pack and the space on the front side and the rear side, which is beneficial to the space optimization arrangement of the battery pack.

For the embodiment in which the battery pack 2 is moved along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, the first connector 6 may be disposed at the top, bottom, front side and rear side of the battery pack, and the corresponding vehicle body 1 or battery pack support is correspondingly provided with the second connector 7, so that the first connector 6 and the second connector 7 may be inserted and connected along the width direction of the vehicle body 1. Or a movable second connector 7 may be provided, so that after the battery pack 2 is moved into place, the second connector 7 is moved to be connected with the first connector 6, for example, a telescopic or reversible second connector 7 is provided on the body 1 in the front-rear direction of the battery pack 2, and after the battery pack 2 is installed in place, the second connector is movably installed with the first connector 6.

As for the embodiment in which the first lock mechanism 3 is mounted in the lock mounting portion 105, it is further optimized in that, as shown in fig. 4, the vehicle body 1 further includes a connector mounting portion 1024 for mounting the second connector 7, the connector mounting portion 1024 being provided at the side portion of or below the vehicle beam 101. In the embodiment in which the connector mounting portion 1024 is disposed below the vehicle beam 101, as shown in fig. 4 and 6, the space below the vehicle beam 101 may be used to facilitate the optimal arrangement of the mounting space of the connector mounting portion 1024 and the second connector 7, as shown in the drawing, the connector mounting portion 1024 is recessed toward the inner side of the vehicle beam 101, the connection structure of the second reinforcing portion 1023 may be disposed below the vehicle beam 101, and the partial structure of the second connector 7 may be extended to the lower side of the vehicle beam 101, so as to reduce the space requirement of the side of the vehicle beam 101 for the second connector 7, so that the battery pack 2 may be as close to the vehicle beam 101 as possible in the width direction of the vehicle beam 101, which is beneficial to increasing the volume capacity of the battery pack in the width direction, and also may make the whole electric vehicle compact.

In the example where the connector mounting portion 1024 is provided on the side of the vehicle beam 101, in one embodiment, the vehicle beam 101 may be directly used as the connector mounting portion 1024, or a separate connector mounting portion 1024 may be provided, so that the mounting space of the top and bottom of the vehicle beam 101 may be optimized, and the mounting of the second connector 7 may be stable, and the vehicle may not be easy to collide during driving, or may not be easy to interfere with other structures of the vehicle.

In the embodiment in which the first lock mechanism 3 is mounted to the lock mounting portion 105, more specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the battery pack bracket includes a plurality of beam connecting portions 104 arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1; the upper part of the vehicle beam connecting part 104 is connected with the vehicle beam 101, and the lower part of the vehicle beam connecting part 104 extends to the lower part of the vehicle beam 101; both ends of the connector mounting portion 1024 are connected to lower portions of the adjacent beam connecting portions 104, respectively. As shown in fig. 4, by providing a plurality of beam connecting portions 104 at intervals, the weight of the battery pack holder can be reduced on the basis that the battery pack holder has more positions to be connected with the beam 101 to increase the stability of the connection of the battery pack holder, and at the same time, by connecting the connector mounting portions 1024 to the beam connecting portions 104, the arrangement structure of the second connector 7 can be optimized by utilizing the space between the beam connecting portions 104, for example, the space through which the second connector passes can be formed between the two beam connecting portions 104. The lower section of the beam connecting part 104 is connected by the connector connecting part, and the beam connecting part 104 can be reinforced and fixed.

In the example shown in fig. 4, two beam connecting portions 104 are provided, which is not an arrangement for the embodiment of the present invention, and in an alternative embodiment, a plurality of beam connecting portions 104 may be provided. Alternatively, a single integral beam connecting portion 104 may be provided, and the lock attachment portions 105 may be provided at both ends of the beam connecting portion 104.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, more specifically, the middle portion of the connector mounting portion 1024 is concavely folded toward the inner side of the vehicle beam 101 to form the connector mounting region 10, and the second connector 7 is provided in the connector mounting region 10. As shown in fig. 6, the middle of the connector mounting portion 1024 is recessed, so that a part of the structure of the second connector 7 can be disposed below the vehicle beam 101, so as to reduce the space requirement of the side of the vehicle beam 101 on the second connector 7, so that the battery pack 2 can be as close to the vehicle beam 101 as possible in the width direction of the vehicle beam 101, which is beneficial to increasing the volume capacity of the battery pack in the width direction, and also makes the whole electric vehicle compact in structure. The ability of the connector mounting portion 1024 to resist deformation may also be enhanced by recessing the connector mounting portion 1024.

For the attachment of the connector attachment portion 1024 to the underside of the vehicle beam 101, the vehicle beam attachment portion 104 may also be integrally extended partially to the underside of the vehicle beam 101 and connected to the connector attachment portion 1024.

For the provision of the lock mounting portions 105, in a preferred embodiment, further specifically, the battery pack holder includes a plurality of lock mounting portions 105 arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body 1; the battery pack holder further includes a fourth reinforcement portion 12, and both ends of the fourth reinforcement portion 12 are respectively connected to the adjacent locking mounting portions 105. As shown in fig. 4, the fourth reinforcing portion 12 is provided, so that the overall structural strength of the battery pack holder can be further improved, and the battery pack 2 can be protected from side formation.

A further optimization limitation with respect to the arrangement of the third reinforcement portion 103 is that the tip end of the fourth reinforcement portion 12 is higher than the tip end of the lock attachment portion 105 in the height direction of the vehicle body 1. By making the height of the fourth reinforcement portion 12 higher than the tip end of the lock mounting portion 105, it is possible to provide sufficient moving space for the battery pack 2 at the lower side of the fourth reinforcement portion 12 so as to move the battery pack laterally from the vehicle body 1. When the battery pack 2 is mounted on the battery pack bracket, the fourth reinforcement part 12 is higher than the battery pack 2 so that the battery pack 2 has a space for being moved laterally directly to the battery pack bracket; preferably, when the battery pack 2 is mounted on the battery pack support, the height of the fourth reinforcement portion 12 is slightly higher than that of the battery pack 2, so that the battery pack 2 can be moved downward when the battery pack 2 is moved to the locking position or out of the battery pack support, and when the locking groove 5 includes the horizontal segment 501 and the vertical segment 502 in the embodiment shown in the drawings, the travel of the locking shaft 401 in the vertical segment 502 enables the battery pack 2 to pass through the third reinforcement portion 103.

In the embodiment in which the battery pack bracket is provided with the vehicle beam connecting portion 104 and the lock mounting portion 105, it is further optimized in that the battery pack bracket further includes the shielding plate 9, the shielding plate 9 is located at least at one side of the battery pack in the length direction of the vehicle body 1, and the shielding plate 9 is connected to the vehicle beam connecting portion 104 and/or the lock mounting portion 105. As shown in fig. 1, by providing the guard plate, the battery pack can be protected in the traveling direction of the vehicle beam 101, the influence and damage of the outside on the battery pack in the traveling process can be reduced, and the guard plate can be arranged between the battery pack and the wheels, so that the battery pack is protected when foreign matters are involved in the wheels. By installing the shielding plate 9 at the beam connecting portion 104 and/or the lock mounting portion 105, the structure can be shared, and the structural arrangement of the battery pack bracket can be optimized.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the battery pack 2 is mounted on both sides of the body 1. Therefore, the two sides of the body 1 can be respectively subjected to power exchanging actions, so that the electric vehicle provides more replaceable battery packs 2, and the power exchanging efficiency of the electric vehicle is improved. For some alternative embodiments, the replacement battery pack 2 may be provided on only a single side of the electric vehicle.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, as a preferable embodiment shown in fig. 1, 4 and 9, the battery pack bracket comprises a first bracket 1021 and a second bracket 1022, the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 are respectively arranged at two sides of the vehicle beam 101, and at least one battery pack 2 is respectively arranged on the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022. Therefore, the two sides of the body 1 can be respectively subjected to power exchanging actions, so that the electric vehicle provides more replaceable battery packs 2, and the power exchanging efficiency of the electric vehicle is improved. For some alternative embodiments, the replacement battery pack 2 may be provided on only a single side of the electric vehicle.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 9, the first locking structure includes a lock base 301 and a locking portion 302, wherein the lock base 301 is provided with a locking groove 5 extending along the moving direction of the battery pack 2, and the locking portion 302 can be moved into the locking groove 5; the second locking mechanism 4 is a locking shaft 401 arranged on the battery pack 2; when the battery pack 2 is in the locked position, the lock portion 302 locks the lock shaft 401 in the lock groove 5. As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12 and 13, when the battery pack 2 is in the locked position by arranging the first locking mechanism 3 and the second locking mechanism 4 into the locking groove 5 and the locking shaft 401, the locking shaft 401 is located in the locking groove 5, the top and bottom walls of the locking groove 5 vertically limit the locking shaft 401, and the locking portion 302 only performs the lateral movement of the locking shaft 401, so that the locking portion 302 bears less load, and the locking stability of the locking portion 302 can be maintained.

As a preferred embodiment, it is further optimized that the locking groove 5 comprises a horizontal segment 501 and a vertical segment 502 which are communicated with each other, as shown in fig. 7 and 8; when the lock shaft 401 is located at one end of the horizontal segment 501 connected with the vertical segment 502, the battery pack 2 is located at the unlocking position, and when the lock shaft 401 is located at the other end of the horizontal segment 501, the battery pack 2 is located at the locking position. Through setting up the locked groove 5 into horizontal segment 501 and vertical segment 502, when changing electric battery package 2 and installing and dismantle, guide lock axle 401 reciprocates through vertical segment 502, as the optimal setting, vertical segment 502 can optimize the guide structure of vertical segment 502 on the basis of less or not additionally increasing lock base 301 vertical height to conveniently guide lock axle 401 to horizontal segment 501, do benefit to the entering locked groove 5 that makes lock axle 401 comparatively easy. Moreover, the side wall of the vertical section 502 can also play a certain degree of anti-falling limiting role on the lock shaft 401 in the transverse direction, and the bottom of the horizontal section 501 plays a supporting role on the lock shaft 401. Through such setting, when installing the battery pack 2 that trades, can be with horizontal migration to lock axle 401 earlier and lie in vertical section 502 lower extreme, upwards move, lateral shifting's mounting means to this action can be right or connect the connection structure that trades battery pack 2 and the corresponding structure of automobile body 1 when reciprocating, lateral shifting.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the locking groove 5 can also be provided with only a horizontal section 501.

In the connection structure of the lock shaft 401 to the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present invention, preferably, one end of the lock shaft 401 is connected to the battery pack 2, and as shown in fig. 5 and 13, the lock shaft 401 is disposed in a cantilever manner as a whole, and the outer end of the lock shaft 401 is easily inserted into the lock groove 5. The connection structure of the lock shaft 401 and the battery pack 2 can also adopt a setting mode as shown in fig. 3, the lock shaft 401 is installed on the battery pack 2 through the installation bracket 402, and two ends of the lock shaft 401 are respectively connected with the installation bracket 402. As shown in fig. 3, the lock shaft 401 is supported by two ends of the mounting bracket 402, so that the lock shaft 401 is stressed more uniformly and is more stable to use.

In the embodiment of the invention, the further optimized arrangement is that the top and/or the side part of the battery pack 2 is provided with a first connector 6, and the body 1 is provided with a second connector 7 matched with the first connector 6; the first connector 6 is connected with the second connector 7 to achieve an electrical connection and/or a liquid-cooled connection between the battery pack 2 and the vehicle body 1.

As a preferred arrangement of the first locking structure, when the battery pack 2 is located at the locked position, the first locking mechanism 3 is located at the side of the battery pack 2, and the second locking mechanism 4 is located at the side of the battery pack 2. Through setting up the side at battery package 2 that trades with first locking mechanism 3, can directly fix battery package 2 side to utilize the space between battery package side and the automobile body 1, with the space of utilizing automobile body 1 on the basis of improving fixed effect.

As a preferable arrangement mode of the first locking structure, when the battery pack 2 is located at the locking position, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first locking mechanism 3 may be located at the top of the battery pack 2; the second locking mechanism 4 is provided at the top of the battery pack 2. Through setting up first locking mechanism 3 in the top that trades electric battery package 2, can realize that the top of trading electric battery package 2 is fixed after trading electric battery package 2 installation, the atress that trades electric battery package 2 increases balanced stability, trades electric battery package 2 upside and has battery package support structure, first locking mechanism 3, forms the separation that trades electric battery package 2 upside and automobile body, is favorable to protecting trading electric battery package 2 from the top, and as shown in fig. 2, the structure at battery package support fixed trades electric battery package 2 top wholly is located the upside that trades electric battery package 2.

The invention provides an implementation mode of the vehicle beam 101, and further optimally provides that the vehicle beam 101 comprises two supporting beam bodies 1011 which are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body 1; the body 1 further includes a first reinforcing portion 1012, and both ends of the first reinforcing portion 1012 are connected to the two strut beams 1011, respectively. Through so setting for automobile beam 101 wholly forms frame construction, strengthens the structural strength of automobile beam 101 on the basis of lightening automobile beam 101 weight, with can stable in structure when automobile beam 101 bearing trades electric battery package 2, especially through setting up second reinforcing part 1023, set up second reinforcing part 1023 in battery package mounted position, guarantee the installation fixed effect of battery package.

As a way of setting the vehicle beam 101 and the battery pack bracket, the present invention provides, but is not limited to, the following embodiments, the battery pack bracket includes a first bracket 1021 and a second bracket 1022 respectively disposed on two sides of the vehicle beam 101, and the battery pack bracket further includes a second reinforcement 1023;

first, as shown in fig. 4, the second reinforcement 1023 passes through the lower side of the vehicle beam 101, and two ends of the second reinforcement 1023 are respectively connected to the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, so that the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 can be connected in a reinforced manner by using the space under the beam, and particularly, the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 are provided with a portion extending down the lower side of the vehicle beam 101 for reinforcement connection, so that the structure of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 is more stable.

Second, the second reinforcement 1023 passes through the upper side of the vehicle beam 101, and two ends of the second reinforcement 1023 are respectively connected to the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, so that the beam space can be used to perform reinforcement connection between the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, in some embodiments, the installation space can be used when the beam has the installation space, and the installation structure of other structural components, such as fixing the connection pipeline of the battery pack 2 on the vehicle body 1, can be further provided in the second reinforcement 1023.

Third, the second reinforcement 1023 passes through the vehicle beam 101, and both ends of the second reinforcement 1023 are respectively connected to the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, that is, a space through which the second reinforcement 1023 passes is provided in the vehicle beam 101, so that the connection position of the second reinforcement 1023 between the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 can be optimized.

Fourth, the beam 101 includes two supporting beams 1011 disposed at intervals along the width direction of the body 1, the first support 1021 and the second support 1022 are respectively connected to the two supporting beams 1011, and two ends of the second reinforcement 1023 are respectively connected to corresponding positions of the first support 1021 and the second support 1022 on the two supporting beams 1011. The second reinforcement 1023 thus directly acts on the battery pack mounting position to reinforce the vehicle body member 101, and the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 are fixed.

As an embodiment in which the second reinforcement 1023 is provided to the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, it is further optimized that the second reinforcement 1023 includes horizontal reinforcement bars 10231 provided at intervals in the height direction of the vehicle body 1, and vertical reinforcement bars 10232 connecting the adjacent horizontal reinforcement bars 10231; wherein the middle portion of the horizontal stiffener 10231 located at the upper side and/or the lower side is recessed in a direction away from the vehicle beam 101. As shown in fig. 4, the middle part of the horizontal stiffener 10231 is recessed, so that the vehicle beam 101 can be avoided, the horizontal stiffener 10231 has a longer installation space in the vertical direction of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, the horizontal stiffener 10231 can be installed conveniently, and the stress of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 can be balanced. As shown in fig. 4, by providing a part of the horizontal reinforcing bar 10231 as a recess, the second reinforcing portion 1023 can also be made stronger in bearing capacity in the opposite direction of the recess, so that the horizontal reinforcing bar 10231 is not easily deformed in the vertical direction.

As for the embodiment in which the second reinforcement 1023 is penetrated by the vehicle beam 101 or disposed between the strut beams 1011, the second reinforcement 1023 may take the form of a depression as shown by the straight beam and/or the horizontal reinforcement 10231.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 9, for the arrangement of the second connector 7, the body 1 is further optimized in that the connector mounting portion 1024 for mounting the second connector 7 is further included; the battery pack holder further includes a third reinforcement 103; both ends of the third reinforcement 103 are connected to connector mounting portions 1024 on both sides of the vehicle body 1, respectively. The third reinforcement 103 integrally connects the connector mounting portions 1024 on both sides of the vehicle body 1, so that the stability of the mounting structure of the connector mounting portions 1024 to the vehicle body 1 can be improved.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 4 and 9, as a specific matter, the lower sections of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 extend to the lower side of the vehicle beam 101 to form the connector mounting portion 1024, and the third reinforcement 103 is provided in such a manner as to include the horizontal reinforcement 10231, and the horizontal reinforcement 10231 can stabilize the mounting fixation of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, and can also reinforce the fixed connector mounting portion 1024. Of course, the arrangement of the third reinforcement 103 is not limited to the form shown in the drawings, and in alternative embodiments, it may be arranged in other forms, such as the horizontal reinforcement 10231 passing through the beam 101; a separate connector mounting portion 1024 is provided either directly on the vehicle beam 101.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, a guiding part is arranged at the top of the battery pack 2 or at the side part facing the body 1, and the body 1 and the guiding part are matched along the moving direction of the battery pack 2. By providing the guide portion, when the battery pack 2 is detached, the relative position between the battery pack 2 and the body 1 can be restricted, and the battery pack 2 can be guided to move. Still accessible automobile body 1 cooperates with the guide part, carries out spacingly to the direction that trades battery package 2 direction of movement is perpendicular, further improves the fixed effect to trades battery package 2. Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, a guide rail or a slide groove that is fitted with the guide portion may be provided at the bottom of the transverse portion of the second bracket, the guide rail or the slide groove extending in the vehicle width direction. In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, a slide groove or a guide rail extending in the vehicle width direction may be provided on the lower side of the lock mounting portion 105. The guide portion may refer to a guide rib 801 as shown in fig. 3, where the guide rib 801 includes a guide surface 802 and a guide flange 803, and the direction and position of the guide rib may be changed according to the installation mode of the chute or the guide rail.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, as shown in the embodiment of fig. 9, a plurality of first locking mechanisms 3 are arranged on the body 1 at intervals in the vertical direction, and/or a plurality of second locking mechanisms 4 are arranged on the battery pack 2 at intervals. Through setting up a plurality of first locking mechanism 3 and second locking mechanism 4, can make the battery package 2 of changing have more bigger fixed area, and then make the atress of battery package 2 of changing more balanced stability. The first locking mechanism 3 and the second locking mechanism 4 may be arranged at intervals in the lateral direction or at intervals in the vertical direction.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the body 1 further comprises a protection plate 9, and the protection plate 9 is at least positioned on one side of the battery pack in the length direction of the body 1. As shown in fig. 1, by providing the guard plate, the battery pack can be protected in the traveling direction of the vehicle beam 101, the influence and damage of the outside on the battery pack in the traveling process can be reduced, and the guard plate can be arranged between the battery pack and the wheels, so that the battery pack is protected when foreign matters are involved in the wheels.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, the battery pack is further optimized in that at least one side outer edge of the battery pack is provided with a linear or circular arc chamfer. Through setting up the chamfer, can be when removing the battery package for the chamfer position is located the side of battery package, with the probability that reduces battery package and external damage that collides with.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, the further optimization is that the linear or circular arc chamfer is arranged towards the head direction of the electric vehicle in the length direction of the vehicle body 1.

The invention also provides a power conversion method of the electric vehicle, which is applied to any electric vehicle and comprises the following steps:

controlling the power conversion equipment to move to a preset position corresponding to the power conversion battery pack 2 on the electric vehicle;

the battery changing device is controlled to detach the battery changing pack 2 on the vehicle body 1;

and/or the battery replacement device is controlled to mount the battery replacement pack 2 to the vehicle body 1.

As a further optimization of the battery replacement method, the battery replacement packages 2 are mounted on both sides of the vehicle body 1, the number of the battery replacement devices is one, and the step of controlling the battery replacement devices to move to the preset positions corresponding to the battery replacement packages 2 on the electric vehicle comprises the following steps:

after the power change on one side of the vehicle body 1 is completed, the power change equipment is controlled to move to a preset position corresponding to the power change battery pack 2 on the other side of the vehicle body 1. Thus, the power change of all the power change battery packs 2 of the vehicle can be completed through a single power change device.

In an alternative embodiment, the vehicle body 1 may be provided with a battery pack 2 at two sides, the number of battery replacing devices is multiple, and the step of controlling the battery replacing devices to move to the preset positions corresponding to the battery pack 2 on the electric vehicle includes: and controlling the plurality of battery replacement devices to move to preset positions corresponding to the plurality of battery replacement packs 2 respectively.

In a preferred embodiment, for further details of the power exchanging method, the step of controlling the power exchanging apparatus to detach the power exchanging battery pack 2 on the vehicle body 1 includes:

the battery replacement equipment is controlled to unlock the battery replacement pack 2 so as to enable the first locking mechanism 3 and the second locking mechanism 4 to be in an unmated state;

the battery changing device is controlled to drive the battery changing pack 2 to be separated from the vehicle body 1.

In a preferred embodiment, for further details of the power exchanging method, the step of controlling the power exchanging apparatus to mount the power exchanging battery pack 2 to the vehicle body 1 includes:

the battery changing device is controlled to drive the battery changing pack 2 to move to a locking position along the horizontal direction, so that the first locking mechanism 3 is matched with the second locking mechanism 4.

For the arrangement of the locking portion 302 in the present application, in one embodiment, as shown in the drawing, the locking portion 302 includes a lock tongue hinged to the lock base 301, and a connecting rod connected to the lock tongue, and the lock tongue extends into the lock slot 5 and can be switched between a state where the locking shaft 401 allows the locking shaft 401 to pass through, and the lock tongue can be driven to rotate by pushing the connecting rod up and down. This is not limiting to the embodiment of the locking portion 302 in the present application, but in alternative embodiments, other forms may be adopted, for example, the locking portion 302 may be a solenoid valve capable of locking and opening the locking slot 5, and the power exchanging device may be provided with a trigger switch or a push rod capable of triggering the unlocking of the battery valve.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 9 to 14, the locking position of the battery pack 2 is located on the side facing the vehicle beam, and at this time, the locking may be performed by the locking mechanism described above. The lock seat with a lock hole is arranged in the direction of the vehicle beam, the lock shaft is arranged on the side of the battery pack, and the lock shaft is locked by the lock seat after being inserted into the lock hole.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The electric vehicle is characterized by comprising a vehicle body and battery packs, wherein at least one battery pack is respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle body along the width direction of the vehicle body, and at least one battery pack is a battery replacement pack which is detachably connected with the vehicle body;

the vehicle body is characterized in that a first locking mechanism is arranged on the vehicle body, the battery pack is provided with a second locking mechanism matched with the first locking mechanism, the battery pack moves between a locking position and an unlocking position along the width direction of the vehicle body, and when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the first locking mechanism is matched with the second locking mechanism so as to lock the battery pack on the vehicle body.

2. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the body comprises a beam; the first locking mechanism is arranged on the vehicle beam, and the battery pack for replacing the electric battery is detachably arranged on the vehicle beam.

3. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the first locking mechanism is arranged at the side part and/or the bottom of the vehicle beam.

4. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle body comprises a vehicle beam and a battery pack support, the battery pack support is fixedly connected with the vehicle beam, the first locking mechanism is arranged on the battery pack support, and the battery pack is detachably arranged on the battery pack support.

5. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the first locking mechanism is arranged at least one of the top, the side and the bottom of the battery pack bracket.

6. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle body comprises a vehicle beam and a battery pack bracket, the battery pack bracket is fixedly connected with the vehicle beam, and the battery pack for replacing electricity is detachably arranged on the battery pack bracket; the battery pack holder includes:

The vehicle beam connecting part is connected with the vehicle beam;

7. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the number of the first locking structures is a plurality of, and the plurality of first locking mechanisms are arranged on the locking installation part at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body.

8. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 6, wherein: a first connector is arranged on one side of the battery pack, facing the vehicle beam, and a second connector matched with the first connector is arranged on the vehicle body; the first connector is connected with the second connector to realize electric connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body.

9. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 8, wherein: the vehicle body further comprises a connector mounting part for mounting the second connector, and the connector mounting part is arranged on the side part or below the vehicle beam.

10. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: the battery pack bracket comprises a plurality of vehicle beam connecting parts which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body;

The upper part of the vehicle beam connecting part is connected with the vehicle beam, and the lower part of the vehicle beam connecting part extends to the lower part of the vehicle beam;

the two ends of the connector installation part are respectively connected to the lower parts of the adjacent car beam connection parts.

11. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that: the middle part of the connector installation part is concavely folded towards the inner side of the vehicle beam to form a connector installation area, and the second connector is arranged in the connector installation area.

12. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the battery pack bracket comprises a plurality of locking installation parts which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body;

the battery pack support further comprises a fourth reinforcing part, and two ends of the fourth reinforcing part are respectively connected with the adjacent locking installation parts.

13. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that: the top end of the fourth reinforcing portion is higher than the top end of the lock mounting portion in the height direction of the vehicle body.

14. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that: the battery pack support further comprises a protection plate, wherein the protection plate is located at least on one side of the battery pack in the length direction of the vehicle body, and the protection plate is connected to the vehicle beam connecting portion and/or the locking installation portion.

15. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and the two sides of the vehicle body are provided with battery packs.

16. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the battery pack support comprises a first support and a second support, the first support and the second support are respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle beam, and at least one battery pack for replacing electricity is respectively arranged on the first support and the second support.

17. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the first locking structure comprises a lock base and a locking part, wherein a locking groove extending along the moving direction of the battery pack is formed in the lock base, and the locking part can movably extend into the locking groove; the second locking mechanism is a locking shaft arranged on the battery pack;

when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the locking part locks the lock shaft in the locking groove.

18. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that: the locking groove comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section which are communicated with each other; when the lock shaft is positioned at one end of the horizontal section, which is connected with the vertical section, the battery pack is positioned at the unlocking position, and when the lock shaft is positioned at the other end of the horizontal section, the battery pack is positioned at the locking position.

19. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that: one end of the lock shaft is connected with the battery pack, and/or

The lock shaft is installed through the installing support the battery pack that trades, the both ends of lock shaft connect respectively in the installing support.

20. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the top and/or the side part of the battery pack are/is provided with a first connector, and the body is provided with a second connector matched with the first connector; the first connector is connected with the second connector to realize electric connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body.

21. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that:

when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the first locking mechanism is located at the side part and/or the top part of the battery pack;

the second locking mechanism is arranged at the side part and/or the top part of the battery pack.

22. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the vehicle beam comprises two supporting beam bodies which are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body; the body further comprises a first reinforcing part, and two ends of the first reinforcing part are respectively connected with the two supporting beam bodies.

23. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the battery pack bracket comprises a first bracket and a second bracket which are respectively arranged at two sides of the vehicle beam, and the battery pack bracket also comprises a second reinforcing part;

the second reinforcing part passes through the lower side of the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the first bracket and the second bracket, and/or

The second reinforcing part passes through the upper side of the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the first bracket and the second bracket, and/or

The second reinforcing part passes through the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the first bracket and the second bracket, and/or

The vehicle beam comprises two supporting beam bodies which are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body, the first support and the second support are respectively connected with the two supporting beam bodies, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the corresponding positions of the first support and the second support on the supporting beam bodies.

24. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 23, characterized in that: the second reinforcing part comprises horizontal reinforcing rods and vertical reinforcing rods, the horizontal reinforcing rods are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the vehicle body, and the vertical reinforcing rods are connected with the adjacent horizontal reinforcing rods;

Wherein the middle part of the horizontal reinforcing rod positioned at the upper side and/or the lower side is recessed in a direction away from the vehicle beam.

25. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 20, characterized in that: the body further includes a connector mounting portion for mounting the second connector; the battery pack holder further includes a third reinforcing portion; and two ends of the third reinforcing part are respectively connected with connector mounting parts on two sides of the vehicle body.

26. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the battery pack or the side part facing the vehicle body is provided with a guide part, and the vehicle body is matched with the guide part along the moving direction of the battery pack.

27. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the vertical direction, a plurality of first locking mechanisms are arranged on the vehicle body at intervals, and/or a plurality of second locking mechanisms are arranged on the battery pack at intervals.

28. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle body further comprises a protection plate, and the protection plate is at least positioned on one side of the battery pack in the length direction of the vehicle body.

29. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: at least one side outer edge of the battery pack is provided with a linear or circular arc chamfer.

30. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 29, characterized in that: in the length direction of the body, the linear or circular arc chamfer is arranged towards the head direction of the electric vehicle.

31. A power conversion method of an electric vehicle, applied to the electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 29, characterized by comprising:

32. The method of claim 31, wherein the battery packs are mounted on both sides of the body, the number of the battery packs is one, and the step of controlling the battery packs to move to the predetermined positions corresponding to the battery packs on the electric vehicle comprises:

33. The method of claim 31, wherein the battery packs are mounted on both sides of the body, the number of the battery packs is plural, and the step of controlling the battery packs to move to the predetermined positions corresponding to the battery packs on the electric vehicle comprises:

34. The power conversion method of claim 31, wherein the step of controlling the power conversion apparatus to remove a power conversion battery pack from the body comprises:

35. The power conversion method according to claim 31, wherein the step of controlling the power conversion apparatus to mount a power conversion battery pack to the vehicle body includes: