CN117227564A

CN117227564A - Electric vehicle and power conversion method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN117227564A
Application number: CN202211732715.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 于新瑞; 褚佳玮
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-01
Filing date: 2022-12-30
Publication date: 2023-12-15
Also published as: CN116653689A; CN118124530A; CN219096478U; CN116653687A; WO2024114754A1; CN117227568A; WO2024114656A1; CN219312727U; WO2024114763A1; CN118124446A; CN118124447A; CN117774639A; CN117863854A; CN118124535A; CN116654103A; CN219096675U; CN220009715U; WO2024114741A1; CN219600989U; CN117227566A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to an electric vehicle, which comprises a vehicle body and battery packs, wherein at least one battery pack is arranged on each of two sides of the vehicle body along the width direction of the vehicle body, the battery packs are moved between a locking position and an unlocking position along the horizontal direction, and when the battery packs are positioned at the locking positions, a first locking mechanism and a second locking mechanism are matched to lock the battery packs on the vehicle body. The battery packs are respectively arranged on the two sides of the vehicle body, so that the difficulty in power change caused by overlarge volume and weight of a single battery pack is avoided, the load on the two sides of the vehicle body is balanced, the load bearing requirement on the locking mechanism is reduced, and when the battery pack is in the locking position through the locking mechanism locked in the horizontal direction, the movable part of the locking mechanism is prevented from bearing, and the connection firmness and stability of the battery pack and the electric vehicle are improved; on the other hand, when one of the battery packs is damaged, the presence of the other battery packs ensures the normal operation of the electric vehicle.

Description

Electric vehicle and power conversion method thereof

The present application claims priority from chinese patent application CN2022115318647, whose filing date is 202, 12, 1. The present application incorporates the entirety of the above-mentioned chinese patent application.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to an electric vehicle and a power conversion method of the electric vehicle.

Background

Currently, electric utility vehicles, such as electric trucks, are increasingly emerging in many application scenarios for these vehicles. Because commercial vehicles such as electric trucks and the like have larger capacity demands on battery packs, the charging time of the battery packs is overlong, the capacity and the service life of the battery packs can be greatly reduced no matter what type of battery packs are charged by quick charging at present, even the battery packs are charged quickly, the battery packs need to be charged for nearly half an hour, the charging cost can be greatly increased in the peak period of electricity consumption, and the service efficiency of the electric heavy truck vehicle is affected.

For the above reasons, when the battery is operated in the battery replacement mode, a lot of time can be saved when the battery is replaced compared with the charging, and the battery can be charged by avoiding the peak of the power consumption when the battery is replaced.

Currently, in the related art, the entire battery pack is generally provided on the vehicle body. However, the problem that the battery pack is heavy and the installation position is too concentrated, so that the battery pack is easy to influence the battery replacement, and the requirement on the bearing capacity of the locking mechanism on the electric vehicle is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of improving the utilization of installation space of a battery-changing trolley bus package of an electric vehicle and provides the electric vehicle and a battery-changing method of the electric vehicle.

The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme: the electric vehicle comprises a vehicle body and battery packs, wherein at least one battery pack is respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle body along the width direction of the vehicle body, and the at least one battery pack is a battery replacement pack detachably connected with the vehicle body; the vehicle body is characterized in that a first locking mechanism is arranged on the vehicle body, the battery pack is provided with a second locking mechanism matched with the first locking mechanism, the battery pack moves between a locking position and an unlocking position along the length direction of the vehicle body, and when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the first locking mechanism is matched with the second locking mechanism so as to lock the battery pack on the vehicle body.

According to the electric vehicle, the battery packs are respectively arranged in the width direction of the vehicle body, so that a plurality of battery packs can simultaneously supply electric energy to the electric vehicle, and the battery packs are distributed on the lateral sides of the vehicle body plate body, so that the lateral space of the vehicle body can be utilized. Through trading the electric battery package and follow the length direction of automobile body removes between locking position and unblock position, can be when installing and dismantling trading the electric battery package for trade the electric battery package and be close to automobile body direction more when automobile body side removes, can optimize the space between electric battery package and the automobile body width direction trades. The safe distance between the battery pack and the front-rear direction structure (such as wheels) of the vehicle body in the length direction of the battery pack can be utilized to provide a moving space of the battery pack, so that the space utilization efficiency is improved.

Further, the body includes a beam; the first locking mechanism is arranged on the vehicle beam, and the battery pack for replacing the electric battery is detachably arranged on the vehicle beam. According to the invention, the battery pack is directly arranged on the vehicle beam through the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, so that the connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body is more stable.

Further, the first locking mechanism is arranged at the side part and/or the bottom part of the vehicle beam.

The invention uses the space on the side of the vehicle and the side of the battery pack, which is beneficial to arranging the installation locking mechanism. The first locking mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle beam, the corresponding battery pack for battery replacement is provided with the second locking mechanism at the lower section, the possibility of optimizing the installation space of the battery pack for battery replacement is provided, and the installation fixing force of the lower section can be provided for the battery pack for battery replacement, so that the fixing effect of the vehicle beam to the battery pack for battery replacement is improved.

Further, the body comprises a vehicle beam and a battery pack support, the battery pack support is fixedly connected with the vehicle beam, the first locking mechanism is arranged on the battery pack support, and the battery pack is detachably arranged on the battery pack support.

The invention installs the battery pack on the battery pack bracket. The arrangement mode and the mounting structure of the first locking mechanism can be conveniently and optimally set, so that the structural limit of the vehicle beam can be conveniently broken through.

Further, the battery pack support comprises a first connecting portion connected with the vehicle body, and the first locking mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the first connecting portion.

According to the invention, the first connecting part is arranged through the battery pack bracket, so that the battery pack can be arranged on the lower side of the first connecting part, the battery pack has a relatively abundant installation space in the transverse direction, and the top of the battery pack and the first connecting part can also have sufficient space to arrange a locking fixing structure.

Further, the number of the first locking structures is plural, and the plural first locking mechanisms are disposed at intervals on the first connecting portion along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.

The invention can ensure that the battery pack has more installation and fixing areas in the length direction of the battery pack, so that the connection and installation of the battery pack are more stable.

Further, a first connector is arranged at one end of the battery pack along the length direction of the vehicle body, and a second connector matched with the first connector is arranged on the vehicle body; the first connector is connected with the second connector to realize electric connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body.

The invention can complete the connection and separation of the first connector and the second connector while the mobile battery pack is assembled and disassembled. And, can utilize the safety distance of the front and back both sides of the battery pack of changing electricity and car body structure.

Further, the battery pack holder further includes a connector mounting portion for mounting the second connector, the connector mounting portion being connected to one end of the first connecting portion along a length direction of the body.

Further, a guide part is arranged at the top of the battery pack, and the guide part is matched with the first connecting part along the moving direction of the battery pack.

The invention can limit the relative position between the battery pack and the first connecting part so as to guide the movement of the battery pack, so that the battery pack can be smoothly moved when being disassembled, and the battery pack can be more stably fixed after being mounted.

Further, the guide part comprises at least two guide ribs which are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body, one side of the inner side or the outer side of the guide ribs is provided with an inclined guide surface, and the other side of the guide ribs is folded to form a guide folded edge which extends along the length direction of the vehicle body.

After the battery pack is installed, the guide part can limit and fix the battery pack in the width direction of the vehicle body, and the first connecting part comprises two longitudinal ribs which are in sliding fit with the guide ribs. Through having set up the direction inclined plane, can also conveniently follow vertical removal to the settlement position with the direction muscle to do benefit to first locking mechanism and second locking mechanism alignment action.

Further, the guide rib is provided with a hanging hole.

According to the invention, the hanging holes are formed, so that the battery pack for replacing the battery can be conveniently lifted and fixed in the processes of transferring and maintaining and the like.

Further, the first locking mechanism is arranged at least one of the top, the side and the bottom of the battery pack bracket.

According to the invention, the first locking mechanism is arranged at the top of the battery pack bracket, so that the top of the battery pack can be fixed after the battery pack is installed, and the stress of the battery pack is balanced and stable. Through setting up the side at battery package support with first locking mechanism, can directly fix battery package side to utilize the space between battery package side and the automobile body, with the space that utilizes the automobile body on the basis of improving fixed effect.

Further, the battery packs are arranged on two sides of the vehicle body.

The invention can respectively perform the power exchanging action on the two sides of the body, so that the electric vehicle provides more replaceable battery packs and the power exchanging efficiency of the electric vehicle is improved. For some alternative embodiments, the replacement battery pack may be provided on only a single side of the electric vehicle.

Further, the battery pack support comprises a first support and a second support, the first support and the second support are respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle beam, and at least one battery pack is respectively installed on the first support and the second support.

Further, the first locking structure comprises a lock base and a locking part, wherein a lock groove extending along the moving direction of the battery pack is formed in the lock base, and the locking part can movably extend into the lock groove; the second locking mechanism is a locking shaft arranged on the battery pack; when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the locking part locks the lock shaft in the locking groove.

According to the invention, the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism are arranged into the locking groove and the locking shaft, so that when the battery pack is in the locking position, the locking shaft is positioned in the locking groove, the top and bottom walls of the locking groove vertically limit the locking shaft, and the locking part only performs transverse movement for stopping the locking shaft, so that the locking part bears less load, and the locking stability of the locking part can be maintained.

Further, the locking groove comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section which are communicated with each other; when the lock shaft is positioned at one end of the horizontal section, which is connected with the vertical section, the battery pack is positioned at the unlocking position, and when the lock shaft is positioned at the other end of the horizontal section, the battery pack is positioned at the locking position.

According to the invention, the locking groove is arranged into the horizontal section and the vertical section, when the battery pack is assembled and disassembled, the vertical section guides the lock shaft to move up and down, and the side wall of the vertical section can also play a certain degree of anti-falling limiting effect on the lock shaft in the transverse direction, and the bottom of the horizontal section plays a supporting role on the lock shaft.

Preferably, one end of the lock shaft is connected with the battery pack, so that the lock shaft is integrally arranged in a cantilever manner, and the outer end of the lock shaft conveniently enters the lock groove;

Preferably, the lock shaft is mounted on the battery pack through a mounting bracket, and two ends of the lock shaft are respectively connected with the mounting bracket. According to the invention, the lock shaft is supported by the two ends of the mounting bracket, so that the stress of the lock shaft is more balanced, and the use is more stable.

Further, a first connector is arranged at the top and/or the side part of the battery pack, and a second connector matched with the first connector is arranged on the body of the vehicle; the first connector is connected with the second connector to realize electric connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body.

Further, when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the first locking mechanism is located at the side part and/or the top part of the battery pack;

the second locking mechanism is arranged at the side part and/or the top part of the battery pack.

According to the invention, the first locking mechanism is arranged at the side of the battery pack, so that the side of the battery pack can be directly fixed, and the space between the side of the battery pack and the vehicle body can be utilized. According to the invention, the first locking mechanism is arranged at the top of the battery pack, so that the stress of the battery pack can be balanced and stable after the battery pack is installed.

Further, the vehicle beam comprises two supporting beam bodies which are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body; the body further comprises a first reinforcing part, and two ends of the first reinforcing part are respectively connected with the two supporting beam bodies.

By the arrangement, the whole vehicle beam forms a frame structure, and the structural strength of the vehicle beam is enhanced on the basis of reducing the weight of the vehicle beam, so that the vehicle beam can be stable in structure when bearing the battery pack for replacing electricity.

Further, the battery pack bracket comprises a first bracket and a second bracket which are respectively arranged at two sides of the vehicle beam, and the battery pack bracket further comprises a second reinforcing part;

preferably, the second reinforcing part passes through the lower side of the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the first bracket and the second bracket, so that the first bracket and the second bracket can be in reinforcing connection by utilizing a beam lower space, and particularly the first bracket and the second bracket are in reinforcing connection along the lower side part of the vehicle beam, so that the first bracket and the second bracket are more stable in structure;

preferably, the second reinforcement part passes through the upper side of the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcement part are respectively connected to the first bracket and the second bracket, so that the first bracket and the second bracket can be connected in a reinforced manner by utilizing the space on the beam, in some embodiments, the installation space can be utilized when the beam is provided with the installation space, and the installation structure of other structural components, such as the fixation of a battery pack on a vehicle body connecting pipeline, can be arranged on the second reinforcement part;

Preferably, the second reinforcing part passes through the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the first bracket and the second bracket, so that the connection position of the second reinforcing part between the first bracket and the second bracket can be optimized conveniently, and the connection position of the second reinforcing part between the first bracket and the second bracket can be optimized conveniently;

preferably, the vehicle beam comprises two supporting beam bodies arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body, the first support and the second support are respectively connected with the two supporting beam bodies, two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with corresponding positions of the first support and the second support on the supporting beam bodies, so that the second reinforcing part directly acts on the mounting position of the battery pack, and the vehicle beam is reinforced and simultaneously the fixing of the first support and the second support is completed.

Further, the second reinforcing part comprises horizontal reinforcing rods and vertical reinforcing rods, wherein the horizontal reinforcing rods are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the vehicle body, and the vertical reinforcing rods are connected with the adjacent horizontal reinforcing rods;

wherein the middle part of the horizontal reinforcing rod positioned at the upper side and/or the lower side is recessed in a direction away from the vehicle beam.

According to the invention, the middle part of the horizontal reinforcing rod is sunken, so that the vehicle beam can be avoided, the horizontal reinforcing rod has a longer installation space in the vertical direction of the first bracket and the second bracket, the horizontal reinforcing rod is convenient to install, and the stress of the first bracket and the second bracket can be more balanced.

Further, the body further includes a connector mounting portion for mounting the second connector; the battery pack holder further includes a third reinforcing portion; and two ends of the third reinforcing part are respectively connected with connector mounting parts on two sides of the vehicle body.

The invention can improve the stability of the mounting structure of the connector mounting part on the vehicle body by integrating the connector mounting parts on the two sides of the vehicle body through the third reinforcing part.

Further, in the vertical direction, a plurality of first locking mechanisms are arranged on the vehicle body at intervals, and/or a plurality of second locking mechanisms are arranged on the battery pack at intervals.

According to the invention, through arranging the plurality of first locking mechanisms and the plurality of second locking mechanisms, the battery pack for the battery replacement has more and larger fixing areas, and further the stress of the battery pack for the battery replacement is more balanced and stable.

Further, the body further includes a protection plate, and in the longitudinal direction of the body, the protection plate is at least located at one side of the battery pack.

According to the invention, the guard plate is arranged, so that the battery pack can be protected in the running direction of the vehicle, the influence or damage of the outside on the battery pack in the running process can be reduced, and the guard plate can be arranged between the battery pack and the wheels, so that the battery pack is protected when foreign matters are involved in the wheels.

Further, at least one side outer edge of the battery pack is provided with a linear or circular arc chamfer.

According to the invention, by arranging the chamfer, the chamfer position is positioned at the side end of the battery pack when the battery pack is moved, so that the probability of collision damage between the battery pack and the outside is reduced.

Further, in the length direction of the body, the linear or circular arc chamfer is provided toward the head direction of the electric vehicle.

The invention provides a power conversion method of an electric vehicle, which is applied to any one of the electric vehicles and comprises the following steps:

controlling the power conversion equipment to move to a preset position corresponding to a power conversion battery pack on the electric vehicle;

controlling the battery replacement equipment to detach a battery replacement pack on the vehicle body;

and/or controlling the power exchanging device to mount a power exchanging battery pack to the vehicle body.

Further, the battery packs of changing electricity are all installed to both sides of automobile body, the quantity of changing electricity equipment is one, and the step of controlling changing electricity equipment to remove to the corresponding preset position of battery packs of changing electricity on the electric vehicle includes:

After the power conversion on one side of the vehicle body is completed, the power conversion equipment is controlled to move to a preset position corresponding to the power conversion battery pack on the other side of the vehicle body.

Further, the battery packs that change are all installed to both sides of automobile body, the quantity of changing the electric equipment is a plurality of, and the step that the battery packs that change correspond on the control changing the electric equipment and remove to electric vehicle includes:

and controlling the plurality of battery replacement devices to move to preset positions corresponding to the plurality of battery replacement packages respectively.

Further, the step of controlling the battery replacement device to detach the battery replacement pack on the vehicle body includes:

controlling the battery replacement equipment to unlock the battery replacement pack so as to enable the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism to be in an unmated state;

controlling the power conversion equipment to drive the battery pack to move along the horizontal direction so as to enable the battery pack to move to an unlocking position;

and controlling the power conversion equipment to drive the power conversion battery pack to be separated from the vehicle body.

Further, the step of controlling the power conversion device to mount a power conversion battery pack to the vehicle body includes:

controlling the power conversion equipment to drive the battery pack to move to an unlocking position;

And controlling the power conversion equipment to drive the power conversion battery pack to move to a locking position along the horizontal direction, so that the first locking mechanism is matched with the second locking mechanism.

The invention has the positive progress effects that: the invention provides an electric vehicle and a power conversion method of the electric vehicle, wherein battery packs are respectively arranged on two sides of a vehicle body, so that the difficulty in power conversion caused by overlarge volume and weight of a single battery pack is avoided, the load on two sides of the vehicle body is balanced, the load bearing requirement on a locking mechanism is reduced, and when the battery pack is in a locking position through the locking mechanism locked in the horizontal direction, the movable part of the locking mechanism is prevented from bearing, and the firmness and the stability of the connection between the battery pack and the electric vehicle are improved; on the other hand, when one of the battery packs is damaged, the presence of the other battery packs ensures the normal operation of the electric vehicle.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 1 after the battery pack is removed;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the battery pack in the embodiment shown in fig. 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a battery pack holder according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack for battery replacement according to the embodiment shown in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the example of fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the first locking mechanism in a locked state.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the first locking mechanism in an unlocked state.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack bracket, a battery pack, and a vehicle beam after being mated in another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the battery pack of fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the battery pack holder and the battery pack of fig. 9 after mating.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of a battery pack holder according to the embodiment shown in fig. 9.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the battery pack for battery replacement according to the embodiment shown in fig. 9.

Fig. 14 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the first locking mechanism of fig. 9.

Description of the reference numerals

A body 1; a vehicle beam 101; a corbel body 1011; a first reinforcing portion 1012; a first bracket 1021; a second bracket 1022; a second reinforcement 1023; horizontal stiffener 10231; vertical stiffener 10232; a third reinforcing portion 103; a connector mounting section 1024;

a battery pack 2 for battery replacement;

A first locking mechanism 3; a lock base 301; a locking portion 302;

a second lock mechanism 4; a lock shaft 401; a mounting bracket 402;

a locking groove 5; a horizontal segment 501; a vertical section 502;

a first connector 6;

a second connector 7;

guide ribs 801; a guide surface 802; a guide flange 803;

a protection plate 9;

hanging hole 11.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The embodiment of the present invention provides an electric vehicle, the implementation manner of which is illustrated as an example in fig. 1-14, and it should be understood that the implementation manner provided by the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the form shown in fig. 1-14, including a vehicle body 1 and battery packs, at least one battery pack being mounted on each of two sides of the vehicle body 1 along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, wherein at least one battery pack is a battery-exchanging pack 2 detachably connected with the vehicle body 1; wherein, be equipped with first locking mechanism 3 on the automobile body 1, the battery package that trades 2 is equipped with first locking mechanism 3 complex second locking mechanism 4, and the battery package that trades 2 moves between locking position and unblock position along the length direction of automobile body, and when battery package that trades 2 is located locking position, first locking mechanism 3 cooperatees with second locking mechanism 4 in order to lock battery package that trades 2 on automobile body 1.

According to the electric vehicle, the battery packs are respectively arranged in the width direction of the vehicle body 1, so that the battery packs are arranged on the side of the vehicle body 1, a plurality of battery packs can simultaneously supply electric energy to the electric vehicle, and the battery packs are distributed on the side of the vehicle body plate body, so that the space on the side of the vehicle body 1 can be utilized. Moreover, through having set up the battery package 2 that trades to make battery package 2 that trades remove at the horizontal direction and realize locking and unlocking, can operate the battery package through horizontal migration in the side of automobile body 1, so that conveniently pack into or take out the battery package in the side of automobile body 1, still can remove battery package 2 that trades to the locking position in the horizontal direction after, trade battery package 2 and be difficult to remove to the unblock position when not applying external force to remove battery package 2 that trades, make battery package 2 that trades connect steadily at the state of use, be difficult for connecting inefficacy.

Through changing the battery package 2 and moving between locking position and unblock position along the length direction of automobile body, can be when installing and dismantling the battery package 2 that trades for the battery package 2 that trades is closer to automobile body 1 direction when automobile body 1 side removes, can optimize the space between battery package 2 that trades and the automobile body 1 width direction. The safe distance between the battery pack 2 and the front-rear structure (such as wheels) of the body 1 in the length direction can be used for providing a moving space of the battery pack 2, so that the space utilization efficiency is improved. In some embodiments, as shown in the drawing, the second connector 7 is disposed at the front side of the battery pack 2 to complete the connection between the first connector 6 and the second connector 7 when the battery pack 2 moves along the length direction of the vehicle body 1.

As an implementation of the present invention, as shown in the embodiment of fig. 1, 4, and 9, for the arrangement of the first locking mechanism 3, in a preferred embodiment, the vehicle body 1 includes a vehicle beam 101; the first locking mechanism 3 is provided on the vehicle beam 101, and the battery pack 2 is detachably mounted on the vehicle beam 101. Through with trading battery package 2 through first locking mechanism 3, second locking mechanism 4 direct mount in roof beam 101, can make trading battery package 2 and be connected more stable with automobile body 1.

In the embodiment in which the first locking mechanism 3 is disposed on the vehicle beam 101, the mounting position of the first locking mechanism 3 includes, but is not limited to, the following examples, in which the first locking mechanism 3 is disposed on the side portion of the vehicle beam 101, and by disposing the first locking mechanism 3 on the side portion of the vehicle beam 101, the corresponding second locking mechanism 4 may be disposed on the side portion of the battery pack, and a larger space is provided between the side portion of the vehicle and the side portion of the battery pack, which is advantageous for disposing the mounting locking mechanism. Second, first locking mechanism 3 sets up in the bottom of roof beam 101, corresponds, and battery package 2 that trades sets up second locking mechanism 4 in the hypomere, through so setting up can make the battery package have locking mounted position in the hypomere, provides the possibility of optimizing battery package 2 installation space that trades, still can provide the installation stationary force of hypomere to battery package 2 that trades to improve the fixed effect of roof beam 101 to battery package 2 that trades. Alternatively, the first lock mechanism 3 may be provided at both the side and bottom of the vehicle body beam 101.

For the installation mode of the battery pack 2 on the vehicle body 1, as shown in the embodiments of fig. 1, 4 and 9, the vehicle body 1 includes a vehicle beam 101 and a battery pack bracket, the battery pack bracket is fixedly connected with the vehicle beam 101, the first locking mechanism 3 is disposed on the battery pack bracket, and the battery pack 2 is detachably mounted on the battery pack bracket. By mounting the battery pack 2 in a battery pack holder. The arrangement manner and the mounting structure of the first locking mechanism 3 can be conveniently and optimally set so as to break through the structural limitation of the vehicle beam 101 itself. In addition, the auxiliary mechanisms such as the connector of the vehicle and the like can be arranged on the battery pack bracket, so that the integral installation and disassembly of the structure of the battery pack 2 are realized, the installation steps and the process are simplified, the installation efficiency is improved, and the existing electric vehicle is convenient to refit.

In the embodiment of the invention in which the battery pack 2 moves in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1, the battery pack bracket is further optimized in that the battery pack bracket comprises a first connecting part connected with the vehicle body 1, and the first locking mechanism 3 is arranged below the first connecting part. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the battery pack 2 may be mounted at the lower side of the first connection portion by providing the first connection portion through the battery pack holder, so that the battery pack 2 has a relatively abundant mounting space in the lateral direction, and also the top of the battery pack and the first connection portion may have sufficient space to provide a locking fixing structure.

The first locking mechanism 3 can be conveniently arranged in the width direction of the vehicle body, so that the battery pack 2 is more abundant in installation fixing space and setting space, and the battery pack 2 is convenient to move and is convenient to install and stable to optimize.

In the embodiment in which the first lock mechanism 3 is provided below the first connection portion, the number of the first lock mechanisms 3 is preferably plural, and the plurality of first lock mechanisms 3 are preferably provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1 at the first connection portion. Therefore, the battery pack 2 has more installation and fixing areas in the length direction, so that the battery pack 2 is more stable in connection and installation.

In the embodiment in which the battery pack 2 moves along the length direction of the vehicle body 1, a further optimization limitation is that a first connector 6 is arranged at one end of the battery pack along the length direction of the vehicle body 1, and the vehicle body 1 is provided with a second connector 7 matched with the first connector 6; the first connector 6 is connected with the second connector 7 to achieve an electrical and/or liquid-cooled connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body 1. Whereby connection and disconnection of the first connector 6 and the second connector 7 can be completed while the battery pack 2 is mounted and dismounted by moving. And, the safety distance between the front and rear sides of the battery pack 2 and the vehicle body structure can be utilized.

In the embodiment in which the battery pack 2 moves along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1, the first connector 6 may be disposed on the top of the battery pack 2 or on the side of the vehicle body 1, and the second connector may be correspondingly disposed to slide along the vehicle body 1 so as to follow the movement of the battery pack 2.

In the embodiment in which the battery pack 2 is moved along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1, it is preferable that the battery pack holder further includes a connector mounting portion 1024 for mounting the second connector 7, and the connector mounting portion 1024 is connected to one end of the first connecting portion along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1 for the manner in which the second connector 7 is disposed in the battery pack holder. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the connector mounting portion 1024 is provided on the front side of the battery pack 2.

For the embodiment shown in fig. 1, in order to mount and dismount the battery pack 2 more smoothly, the connection is more stable after fixing, and the further optimization setting is that the top of the battery pack 2 is provided with a guiding portion for limiting the relative position between the battery pack and the first connecting portion so as to guide the movement of the battery pack, and the guiding portion is matched with the first connecting portion along the movement direction of the battery pack 2.

In the illustrated embodiment, the specific structure of the guide portion is as shown in fig. 3, the guide portion includes at least two guide ribs 801 arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, one side of the inner side or the outer side of the guide ribs 801 is provided with an inclined guide surface 802, and the other side is folded to form a guide flange 803 extending along the length direction of the vehicle body 1. After the battery pack 2 is installed, the guiding part can limit and fix the battery pack 2 in the width direction of the vehicle body 1, and the first connecting part comprises two longitudinal ribs and the guiding rib 801 is in sliding fit with the two longitudinal ribs. By providing the guide inclined surface, the guide rib 801 can be conveniently moved to a set position along the vertical direction, so that the alignment action of the first locking mechanism 3 and the second locking mechanism 4 is facilitated.

For the embodiment shown in fig. 1, it is further optimized that the guide rib 801 is provided with a hanging hole 11. As shown in fig. 3, the hanging hole 11 is provided, so that the battery pack 2 can be conveniently lifted and fixed in the process of transferring and maintaining and the like.

For the embodiment in which the battery pack 2 is mounted on the vehicle body 1 by the battery pack holder, the mounting position of the first locking mechanism 3 is preferably set at least one of the top, side, and bottom of the battery pack holder. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the first locking mechanism 3 is arranged at the top of the battery pack bracket, so that the top of the battery pack 2 can be fixed after the battery pack 2 is installed, the stress of the battery pack 2 is increased, balanced and stable, the upper side of the battery pack 2 is provided with a battery pack bracket structure and the first locking mechanism 3, the battery pack 2 is separated from the vehicle body at the upper side, and the battery pack 2 is protected from the top, and the whole structure of the top of the battery pack bracket fixed battery pack 2 is positioned at the upper side of the battery pack 2 as shown in fig. 2 and 3. As in the embodiment shown in fig. 4 and 9, by providing the first locking mechanism 3 on the side of the battery pack holder, the side of the battery pack 2 can be directly fixed to use the space between the side of the battery pack and the vehicle body 1, so that the space of the vehicle body 1 can be used while improving the fixing effect.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the battery pack 2 is mounted on both sides of the body 1. Therefore, the two sides of the body 1 can be respectively subjected to power exchanging actions, so that the electric vehicle provides more replaceable battery packs 2, and the power exchanging efficiency of the electric vehicle is improved. For some alternative embodiments, the replacement battery pack 2 may be provided on only a single side of the electric vehicle.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, as a preferable embodiment shown in fig. 1, 4 and 9, the battery pack bracket comprises a first bracket 1021 and a second bracket 1022, the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 are respectively arranged at two sides of the vehicle beam 101, and at least one battery pack 2 is respectively arranged on the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022. Therefore, the two sides of the body 1 can be respectively subjected to power exchanging actions, so that the electric vehicle provides more replaceable battery packs 2, and the power exchanging efficiency of the electric vehicle is improved. For some alternative embodiments, the replacement battery pack 2 may be provided on only a single side of the electric vehicle.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 9, the first locking structure includes a lock base 301 and a locking portion 302, wherein the lock base 301 is provided with a locking groove 5 extending along the moving direction of the battery pack 2, and the locking portion 302 can be moved into the locking groove 5; the second locking mechanism 4 is a locking shaft 401 arranged on the battery pack 2; when the battery pack 2 is in the locked position, the lock portion 302 locks the lock shaft 401 in the lock groove 5. As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12 and 13, when the battery pack 2 is in the locked position by arranging the first locking mechanism 3 and the second locking mechanism 4 into the locking groove 5 and the locking shaft 401, the locking shaft 401 is located in the locking groove 5, the top and bottom walls of the locking groove 5 vertically limit the locking shaft 401, and the locking portion 302 only performs the lateral movement of the locking shaft 401, so that the locking portion 302 bears less load, and the locking stability of the locking portion 302 can be maintained.

As a preferred embodiment, it is further optimized that the locking groove 5 comprises a horizontal segment 501 and a vertical segment 502 which are communicated with each other, as shown in fig. 7 and 8; when the lock shaft 401 is located at one end of the horizontal segment 501 connected with the vertical segment 502, the battery pack 2 is located at the unlocking position, and when the lock shaft 401 is located at the other end of the horizontal segment 501, the battery pack 2 is located at the locking position. Through setting up the locked groove 5 into horizontal segment 501 and vertical segment 502, when changing electric battery package 2 and installing and dismantle, guide lock axle 401 reciprocates through vertical segment 502, as the optimal setting, vertical segment 502 can optimize the guide structure of vertical segment 502 on the basis of less or not additionally increasing lock base 301 vertical height to conveniently guide lock axle 401 to horizontal segment 501, do benefit to the entering locked groove 5 that makes lock axle 401 comparatively easy. Moreover, the side wall of the vertical section 502 can also play a certain degree of anti-falling limiting role on the lock shaft 401 in the transverse direction, and the bottom of the horizontal section 501 plays a supporting role on the lock shaft 401. Through such setting, when installing the battery pack 2 that trades, can be with horizontal migration to lock axle 401 earlier and lie in vertical section 502 lower extreme, upwards move, lateral shifting's mounting means to this action can be right or connect the connection structure that trades battery pack 2 and the corresponding structure of automobile body 1 when reciprocating, lateral shifting.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the locking groove 5 can also be provided with only a horizontal section 501.

In the connection structure of the lock shaft 401 to the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present invention, preferably, one end of the lock shaft 401 is connected to the battery pack 2, and as shown in fig. 5 and 13, the lock shaft 401 is disposed in a cantilever manner as a whole, and the outer end of the lock shaft 401 is easily inserted into the lock groove 5. The connection structure of the lock shaft 401 and the battery pack 2 can also adopt a setting mode as shown in fig. 3, the lock shaft 401 is installed on the battery pack 2 through the installation bracket 402, and two ends of the lock shaft 401 are respectively connected with the installation bracket 402. As shown in fig. 3, the lock shaft 401 is supported by two ends of the mounting bracket 402, so that the lock shaft 401 is stressed more uniformly and is more stable to use.

In the embodiment of the invention, the further optimized arrangement is that the top and/or the side part of the battery pack 2 is provided with a first connector 6, and the body 1 is provided with a second connector 7 matched with the first connector 6; the first connector 6 is connected with the second connector 7 to achieve an electrical connection and/or a liquid-cooled connection between the battery pack 2 and the vehicle body 1.

As a preferred arrangement of the first locking structure, when the battery pack 2 is located at the locked position, the first locking mechanism 3 is located at the side of the battery pack 2, and the second locking mechanism 4 is located at the side of the battery pack 2. Through setting up the side at battery package 2 that trades with first locking mechanism 3, can directly fix battery package 2 side to utilize the space between battery package side and the automobile body 1, with the space of utilizing automobile body 1 on the basis of improving fixed effect.

As a preferable arrangement mode of the first locking structure, when the battery pack 2 is located at the locking position, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first locking mechanism 3 may be located at the top of the battery pack 2; the second locking mechanism 4 is provided at the top of the battery pack 2. Through setting up first locking mechanism 3 in the top that trades electric battery package 2, can realize that the top of trading electric battery package 2 is fixed after trading electric battery package 2 installation, the atress that trades electric battery package 2 increases balanced stability, trades electric battery package 2 upside and has battery package support structure, first locking mechanism 3, forms the separation that trades electric battery package 2 upside and automobile body, is favorable to protecting trading electric battery package 2 from the top, and as shown in fig. 2, the structure at battery package support fixed trades electric battery package 2 top wholly is located the upside that trades electric battery package 2.

The invention provides an implementation mode of the vehicle beam 101, and further optimally provides that the vehicle beam 101 comprises two supporting beam bodies 1011 which are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body 1; the body 1 further includes a first reinforcing portion 1012, and both ends of the first reinforcing portion 1012 are connected to the two strut beams 1011, respectively. Through so setting for automobile beam 101 wholly forms frame construction, strengthens the structural strength of automobile beam 101 on the basis of lightening automobile beam 101 weight, with can stable in structure when automobile beam 101 bearing trades electric battery package 2, especially through setting up second reinforcing part 1023, set up second reinforcing part 1023 in battery package mounted position, guarantee the installation fixed effect of battery package.

As a way of setting the vehicle beam 101 and the battery pack bracket, the present invention provides, but is not limited to, the following embodiments, the battery pack bracket includes a first bracket 1021 and a second bracket 1022 respectively disposed on two sides of the vehicle beam 101, and the battery pack bracket further includes a second reinforcement 1023;

first, as shown in fig. 4, the second reinforcement 1023 passes through the lower side of the vehicle beam 101, and two ends of the second reinforcement 1023 are respectively connected to the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, so that the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 can be connected in a reinforced manner by using the space under the beam, and particularly, the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 are provided with a portion extending down the lower side of the vehicle beam 101 for reinforcement connection, so that the structure of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 is more stable.

Second, the second reinforcement 1023 passes through the upper side of the vehicle beam 101, and two ends of the second reinforcement 1023 are respectively connected to the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, so that the beam space can be used to perform reinforcement connection between the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, in some embodiments, the installation space can be used when the beam has the installation space, and the installation structure of other structural components, such as fixing the connection pipeline of the battery pack 2 on the vehicle body 1, can be further provided in the second reinforcement 1023.

Third, the second reinforcement 1023 passes through the vehicle beam 101, and both ends of the second reinforcement 1023 are respectively connected to the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, that is, a space through which the second reinforcement 1023 passes is provided in the vehicle beam 101, so that the connection position of the second reinforcement 1023 between the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 can be optimized.

Fourth, the beam 101 includes two supporting beams 1011 disposed at intervals along the width direction of the body 1, the first support 1021 and the second support 1022 are respectively connected to the two supporting beams 1011, and two ends of the second reinforcement 1023 are respectively connected to corresponding positions of the first support 1021 and the second support 1022 on the two supporting beams 1011. The second reinforcement 1023 thus directly acts on the battery pack mounting position to reinforce the vehicle body member 101, and the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 are fixed.

As an embodiment in which the second reinforcement 1023 is provided to the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, it is further optimized that the second reinforcement 1023 includes horizontal reinforcement bars 10231 provided at intervals in the height direction of the vehicle body 1, and vertical reinforcement bars 10232 connecting the adjacent horizontal reinforcement bars 10231; wherein the middle portion of the horizontal stiffener 10231 located at the upper side and/or the lower side is recessed in a direction away from the vehicle beam 101. As shown in fig. 4, the middle part of the horizontal stiffener 10231 is recessed, so that the vehicle beam 101 can be avoided, the horizontal stiffener 10231 has a longer installation space in the vertical direction of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, the horizontal stiffener 10231 can be installed conveniently, and the stress of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 can be balanced. As shown in fig. 4, by providing a part of the horizontal reinforcing bar 10231 as a recess, the second reinforcing portion 1023 can also be made stronger in bearing capacity in the opposite direction of the recess, so that the horizontal reinforcing bar 10231 is not easily deformed in the vertical direction.

As for the embodiment in which the second reinforcement 1023 is penetrated by the vehicle beam 101 or disposed between the strut beams 1011, the second reinforcement 1023 may take the form of a depression as shown by the straight beam and/or the horizontal reinforcement 10231.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 9, for the arrangement of the second connector 7, the body 1 is further optimized in that the connector mounting portion 1024 for mounting the second connector 7 is further included; the battery pack holder further includes a third reinforcement 103; both ends of the third reinforcement 103 are connected to connector mounting portions 1024 on both sides of the vehicle body 1, respectively. The third reinforcement 103 integrally connects the connector mounting portions 1024 on both sides of the vehicle body 1, so that the stability of the mounting structure of the connector mounting portions 1024 to the vehicle body 1 can be improved.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 4 and 9, as a specific matter, the lower sections of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 extend to the lower side of the vehicle beam 101 to form the connector mounting portion 1024, and the third reinforcement 103 is provided in such a manner as to include the horizontal reinforcement 10231, and the horizontal reinforcement 10231 can stabilize the mounting fixation of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, and can also reinforce the fixed connector mounting portion 1024. Of course, the arrangement of the third reinforcement 103 is not limited to the form shown in the drawings, and in alternative embodiments, it may be arranged in other forms, such as the horizontal reinforcement 10231 passing through the beam 101; a separate connector mounting portion 1024 is provided either directly on the vehicle beam 101.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, as shown in the embodiment of fig. 9, a plurality of first locking mechanisms 3 are arranged on the body 1 at intervals in the vertical direction, and/or a plurality of second locking mechanisms 4 are arranged on the battery pack 2 at intervals. Through setting up a plurality of first locking mechanism 3 and second locking mechanism 4, can make the battery package 2 of changing have more bigger fixed area, and then make the atress of battery package 2 of changing more balanced stability. The first locking mechanism 3 and the second locking mechanism 4 may be arranged at intervals in the lateral direction or at intervals in the vertical direction.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the body 1 further comprises a protection plate 9, and the protection plate 9 is at least positioned on one side of the battery pack in the length direction of the body 1. As shown in fig. 1, by providing the guard plate, the battery pack can be protected in the traveling direction of the vehicle beam 101, the influence or damage of the outside on the battery pack in the traveling process can be reduced, and the guard plate can be arranged between the battery pack and the wheels, so that the battery pack is protected when foreign matters are involved in the wheels.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, the battery pack is further optimized in that at least one side outer edge of the battery pack is provided with a linear or circular arc chamfer. Through setting up the chamfer, can be when removing the battery package for the chamfer position is located the side of battery package, with the probability that reduces battery package and external damage that collides with.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, the further optimization is that the linear or circular arc chamfer is arranged towards the head direction of the electric vehicle in the length direction of the vehicle body 1.

The invention also provides a power conversion method of the electric vehicle, which is applied to any electric vehicle and comprises the following steps:

controlling the power conversion equipment to move to a preset position corresponding to the power conversion battery pack 2 on the electric vehicle;

the battery changing device is controlled to detach the battery changing pack 2 on the vehicle body 1;

and/or the battery replacement device is controlled to mount the battery replacement pack 2 to the vehicle body 1.

As a further optimization of the battery replacement method, the battery replacement packages 2 are mounted on both sides of the vehicle body 1, the number of the battery replacement devices is one, and the step of controlling the battery replacement devices to move to the preset positions corresponding to the battery replacement packages 2 on the electric vehicle comprises the following steps:

after the power change on one side of the vehicle body 1 is completed, the power change equipment is controlled to move to a preset position corresponding to the power change battery pack 2 on the other side of the vehicle body 1. Thus, the power change of all the power change battery packs 2 of the vehicle can be completed through a single power change device.

In an alternative embodiment, the vehicle body 1 may be provided with a battery pack 2 at two sides, the number of battery replacing devices is multiple, and the step of controlling the battery replacing devices to move to the preset positions corresponding to the battery pack 2 on the electric vehicle includes: and controlling the plurality of battery replacement devices to move to preset positions corresponding to the plurality of battery replacement packs 2 respectively.

In a preferred embodiment, for further details of the power exchanging method, the step of controlling the power exchanging apparatus to detach the power exchanging battery pack 2 on the vehicle body 1 includes:

the battery replacement equipment is controlled to unlock the battery replacement pack 2 so as to enable the first locking mechanism 3 and the second locking mechanism 4 to be in an unmated state;

the battery changing device is controlled to drive the battery changing pack 2 to be separated from the vehicle body 1.

In a preferred embodiment, for further details of the power exchanging method, the step of controlling the power exchanging apparatus to mount the power exchanging battery pack 2 to the vehicle body 1 includes:

the battery changing device is controlled to drive the battery changing pack 2 to move to a locking position along the horizontal direction, so that the first locking mechanism 3 is matched with the second locking mechanism 4.

For the arrangement of the locking portion 302 in the present application, in one embodiment, as shown in the drawing, the locking portion 302 includes a lock tongue hinged to the lock base 301, and a connecting rod connected to the lock tongue, and the lock tongue extends into the lock slot 5 and can be switched between a state where the locking shaft 401 allows the locking shaft 401 to pass through, and the lock tongue can be driven to rotate by pushing the connecting rod up and down. This is not limiting to the embodiment of the locking portion 302 in the present application, but in alternative embodiments, other forms may be adopted, for example, the locking portion 302 may be a solenoid valve capable of locking and opening the locking slot 5, and the power exchanging device may be provided with a trigger switch or a push rod capable of triggering the unlocking of the battery valve.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The electric vehicle is characterized by comprising a vehicle body and battery packs, wherein at least one battery pack is respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle body along the width direction of the vehicle body, and at least one battery pack is a battery replacement pack which is detachably connected with the vehicle body;

the vehicle body is characterized in that a first locking mechanism is arranged on the vehicle body, the battery pack is provided with a second locking mechanism matched with the first locking mechanism, the battery pack moves between a locking position and an unlocking position along the length direction of the vehicle body, and when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the first locking mechanism is matched with the second locking mechanism so as to lock the battery pack on the vehicle body.

2. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the body comprises a beam; the first locking mechanism is arranged on the vehicle beam, and the battery pack for replacing the electric battery is detachably arranged on the vehicle beam.

3. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the first locking mechanism is arranged at the side part and/or the bottom of the vehicle beam.

4. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle body comprises a vehicle beam and a battery pack support, the battery pack support is fixedly connected with the vehicle beam, the first locking mechanism is arranged on the battery pack support, and the battery pack is detachably arranged on the battery pack support.

5. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the battery pack support comprises a first connecting portion connected with the vehicle body, and the first locking mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the first connecting portion.

6. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the number of the first locking structures is multiple, and the first locking mechanisms are arranged on the first connecting portion at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body.

7. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 4, wherein: a first connector is arranged at one end of the battery pack along the length direction of the vehicle body, and the vehicle body is provided with a second connector matched with the first connector; the first connector is connected with the second connector to realize electric connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body.

8. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 7, wherein: the battery pack bracket further includes a connector mounting portion for mounting the second connector, the connector mounting portion being connected to one end of the first connecting portion along a length direction of the body.

9. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the top of the battery pack or the side part facing the vehicle body is provided with a guide part, and the guide part is matched with the first connecting part along the moving direction of the battery pack.

10. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: the guide part comprises at least two guide ribs which are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body, one side of the inner side or the outer side of the guide ribs is provided with an inclined guide surface, and the other side of the guide ribs is folded to form a guide folded edge which extends along the length direction of the vehicle body.

11. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that: the guide rib is provided with a hanging hole.

12. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the first locking mechanism is arranged at least one of the top, the side and the bottom of the battery pack bracket.

13. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and the two sides of the vehicle body are provided with battery packs.

14. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the battery pack support comprises a first support and a second support, the first support and the second support are respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle beam, and at least one battery pack for replacing electricity is respectively arranged on the first support and the second support.

15. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the first locking structure comprises a lock base and a locking part, wherein a locking groove extending along the moving direction of the battery pack is formed in the lock base, and the locking part can movably extend into the locking groove; the second locking mechanism is a locking shaft arranged on the battery pack;

when the battery pack is located at the locking position, the locking part locks the lock shaft in the locking groove.

16. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that: the locking groove comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section which are communicated with each other; when the lock shaft is positioned at one end of the horizontal section, which is connected with the vertical section, the battery pack is positioned at the unlocking position, and when the lock shaft is positioned at the other end of the horizontal section, the battery pack is positioned at the locking position.

17. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that: one end of the lock shaft is connected with the battery pack, and/or

The lock shaft is installed through the installing support the battery pack that trades, the both ends of lock shaft connect respectively in the installing support.

18. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the top and/or the side part of the battery pack are/is provided with a first connector, and the body is provided with a second connector matched with the first connector; the first connector is connected with the second connector to realize electric connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body.

19. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that:

When the battery pack is located at the locking position, the first locking mechanism is located at the side part and/or the top part of the battery pack;

20. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: the vehicle beam comprises two supporting beam bodies which are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body; the body further comprises a first reinforcing part, and two ends of the first reinforcing part are respectively connected with the two supporting beam bodies.

21. An electric vehicle as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the battery pack bracket comprises a first bracket and a second bracket which are respectively arranged at two sides of the vehicle beam, and the battery pack bracket also comprises a second reinforcing part;

the second reinforcing part passes through the lower side of the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the first bracket and the second bracket, and/or

The second reinforcing part passes through the upper side of the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the first bracket and the second bracket, and/or

The second reinforcing part passes through the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the first bracket and the second bracket, and/or

The vehicle beam comprises two supporting beam bodies which are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body, the first support and the second support are respectively connected with the two supporting beam bodies, and two ends of the second reinforcing part are respectively connected with the corresponding positions of the first support and the second support on the supporting beam bodies.

22. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that: the second reinforcing part comprises horizontal reinforcing rods and vertical reinforcing rods, the horizontal reinforcing rods are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the vehicle body, and the vertical reinforcing rods are connected with the adjacent horizontal reinforcing rods;

23. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that: the body further includes a connector mounting portion for mounting the second connector; the battery pack holder further includes a third reinforcing portion; and two ends of the third reinforcing part are respectively connected with connector mounting parts on two sides of the vehicle body.

24. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the vertical direction, a plurality of first locking mechanisms are arranged on the vehicle body at intervals, and/or a plurality of second locking mechanisms are arranged on the battery pack at intervals.

25. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle body further comprises a protection plate, and the protection plate is at least positioned on one side of the battery pack in the length direction of the vehicle body.

26. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: at least one side outer edge of the battery pack is provided with a linear or circular arc chamfer.

27. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 26, characterized in that: in the length direction of the body, the linear or circular arc chamfer is arranged towards the head direction of the electric vehicle.

28. A power changing method of an electric vehicle, applied to the electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 27, characterized by comprising:

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the battery packs are mounted on both sides of the body, the number of the battery packs is one, and the step of controlling the battery packs to move to the predetermined positions corresponding to the battery packs on the electric vehicle comprises:

30. The method of claim 28, wherein the battery packs are mounted on both sides of the body, the number of the battery packs is plural, and the step of controlling the battery packs to move to the predetermined positions corresponding to the battery packs on the electric vehicle comprises:

31. The power conversion method of claim 28, wherein the step of controlling the power conversion apparatus to remove a power conversion battery pack from the body comprises:

32. The power conversion method according to claim 28, wherein the step of controlling the power conversion apparatus to mount a power conversion battery pack to the vehicle body includes: