CN220009430U - Battery box fixing structure for electricity exchanging type, electric truck and electric engineering machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery-changing type electric truck, which aims to solve the problem of vertical battery-changing type installation of a battery-changing type battery box in the existing electric truck, and constructs a battery-changing type battery box fixing structure, an electric truck and engineering machinery, wherein the battery-changing type battery box fixing structure and a base for bearing the battery-changing type battery box are arranged on the base, two guide rails are arranged on the base, a sliding support piece capable of sliding on the guide rails is arranged on a battery-changing type battery box body, and a plurality of locking and unlocking devices for limiting and fixing the battery-changing type battery box relative to the base are arranged on the left side and the right side; the sliding support piece is provided with a support part which can be in contact with the guide rail, the rear end of the sliding support piece is provided with a roller which protrudes downwards out of the support part, the rear end of the guide rail is provided with a slope which inclines downwards, and the descending height of the slope is not less than the height difference between the supporting point of the roller wheel surface and the support part. In the battery box fixing structure, the battery box is replaced in a push-pull mode, so that the battery box is convenient to replace and stable to install.

Description

Battery box fixing structure for electricity exchanging type, electric truck and electric engineering machinery

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a battery-changing type electric machine, in particular to a battery-changing type battery box fixing structure, an electric truck and an electric engineering machine.

Background

For a large electric truck, a large-capacity power battery is arranged on the large-capacity electric truck to increase the endurance time of the electric truck, and the large-capacity power battery needs to take a long time to be fully charged again after the electric quantity of the large-capacity power battery is exhausted. In order to avoid the situation that the electric truck needs to wait for long charging time after the power battery is exhausted, the electric truck integrates the power battery to form a battery box with a battery replaced, and after the battery is exhausted, the battery box with the battery replaced is replaced by the battery box with the battery replaced.

When the existing electric truck is powered on, the battery box is powered on in the vertical direction, namely, the battery box is lifted by using lifting equipment and then is located on a battery seat of the electric truck, or the battery box is taken away after the battery box is lifted vertically. This way of changing the power has a number of inconveniences, for example, the upper part of the installation position of the battery box of the power change type must be free from shielding, which limits the arrangement position selection of the battery box of the power change type; when the power is replaced, the lifting equipment is required to lift the battery box of the power replacement type, so that the power replacement operation is inconvenient; the lifting type battery box for replacing electricity can be fixed at the bottom of the lifting type battery box, and the height difference between the fixed position and the gravity center of the battery box for replacing electricity is large, so that the installation and fixation requirements of the battery box for replacing electricity are high.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of installation of a vertical power-exchanging mode of a power-exchanging battery box in an existing electric truck, and provides a power-exchanging type battery box fixing structure, an electric truck and an electric engineering machine, and power exchanging is performed in a horizontal mode.

The technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the utility model is as follows: the structure of the battery box fixing structure comprises a battery box and a base for bearing the battery box, and is characterized in that two horizontally parallel guide rails extending longitudinally from front to back are arranged on the base, the left side and the right side of the box body of the battery box are respectively provided with a sliding support piece which can slide on the guide rail and can slide out from the front end of the guide rail, a plurality of opening and closing locking devices for limiting and fixing the battery box relative to the base are arranged on the left side and the right side of the battery box; the opening and closing locking device comprises a bolt, a limiting block fixed on the side face of the battery box body of the battery box, and a bolt driving device fixedly installed relative to the base, and the limiting block is provided with a pin hole; the bolt driving device is used for pushing the bolt to stretch into and pull out of the corresponding pin hole;

the sliding support piece is provided with a support part which can be in contact with the guide rail, the rear end of the sliding support piece is provided with a roller which protrudes downwards from the support part and can roll on the guide rail, the rear end of the guide rail is provided with a slope which inclines downwards, and the descending height of the slope at the rear end of the guide rail is not less than the height difference between the supporting point of the roller wheel surface and the support part.

In the utility model, the battery box of the power conversion type adopts a push-pull mode to convert power, rolls on the guide rail by virtue of the roller when the battery box of the power conversion type moves, contacts with the guide rail through the supporting part after moving in place, and is stably placed and locked by the locking and unlocking device. The power exchanging mode has no limitation on the space above the power exchanging type battery box, does not need to use a resetting device during power exchanging, and can be fixed at a position above the bottom of the power exchanging type battery box, so that the installation stability of the power exchanging type battery box is improved.

In the battery box fixing structure for the battery box, the guide rail is provided with the trapezoid groove for being in contact with and supported by the supporting part and the roller, and the shape of the lower part of the supporting part is matched with that of the trapezoid groove of the guide rail.

In the battery box fixing structure for the power exchange type battery box, the trapezoid guide part is arranged at the front part of the trapezoid groove, the width of a notch at the front end of the trapezoid guide part is larger than that of a notch at the rear end of the trapezoid guide part, and the height of the bottom of the front end groove is lower than that of the bottom of the rear end groove.

In the battery box fixing structure for the power exchange type battery box, the structure at the front part of the trapezoid groove and the structure at the rear part of the trapezoid groove are symmetrical, so that the left guide rail and the right guide rail can be exchanged.

In the battery box fixing structure for the power exchange type battery box, the base comprises two longitudinal beams with the cross section in a groove-shaped cross section structure, the notches of the two longitudinal beams are oppositely arranged, and the guide rail is fixedly arranged in the groove of the longitudinal beam and is positioned on the leg at the lower part.

In the battery box fixing structure for the power exchange type battery box, the outer sides of the two longitudinal beams are fixedly provided with the side limiting brackets with the upper parts extending upwards, and the upper parts of the side limiting brackets are provided with the bolt driving device.

In the battery box fixing structure, the base further comprises a rear cross beam which is arranged behind the guide rail and two ends of which are fixedly connected with the two longitudinal beams, wherein the rear cross beam is provided with a pushing device and a bolt driving device for pushing the battery box forwards, and the pushing stroke of the pushing device is not smaller than the length of the inclined surface of the guide rail in the front-rear direction.

In the battery box fixing structure, the base comprises a U-shaped front cross beam with an upward opening, two ends of the front cross beam are respectively fixed at the front ends of two longitudinal beams, the sliding support piece is fixed at the middle lower parts of the left side surface and the right side surface of the battery box, and the front lower part of the battery box is located in a concave of the front cross beam.

In the battery box fixing structure for the battery box, the bolt driving devices are arranged at two ends of the front cross beam.

The technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the utility model is as follows: an electric truck is constructed, which is characterized by comprising the battery box fixing structure with the replaceable battery.

The technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the utility model is as follows: an electric engineering machine is constructed, which is characterized by comprising the battery box fixing structure with the electricity changing function. The electric construction machine may be an excavator, a loader, a grader, or the like.

Compared with the prior art, in the battery box fixing structure, the battery box is replaced in a push-pull mode, the space above the battery box is not limited, a reset device is not needed during battery replacement, the battery box can be fixed at a position above the bottom of the battery box, and the installation stability of the battery box is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fixing structure of a battery box for converting electricity according to the present utility model. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a base in the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the rear part of the base in the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery box with power conversion according to the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a sliding rail in the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the rear end of the sliding rail in the present utility model.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the guide rail in the present utility model.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the front end of the centering guide rail of the present utility model.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a guide rail in the present utility model.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the latch driving device in the present utility model.

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a plug pin driving device in accordance with the present utility model.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a stopper in the present utility model.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the pushing device according to the present utility model.

Figure 14 is a schematic view of the cooperation of the sliding support, rail and pusher of the present utility model.

Fig. 15 is a fixed schematic view of a battery box of the present utility model.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of an electric truck in accordance with an example of the present utility model.

Part names and serial numbers in the figure:

frame rail 20, rail 21, front cross member 22, connecting cross member 221, connecting seat 222, rear cross member 23, and cab rear suspension 24.

A battery box 30, a traction lug 31 and a middle surface 32.

Bolt drive device 40, piston rod 401, bolt 402, side limit bracket 41, stopper 42, pinhole 421.

Slide support 50, roller 51, roller pin 52, support 53, tread support point 54.

A guide rail 60, a trapezoidal groove 61, a slope 62, and a trapezoidal guide 63.

A pushing device 70, a push rod 71 and a driving device 72.

Detailed Description

The following describes specific embodiments with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment one.

Fig. 1 to 15 show a battery box fixing structure of a battery box according to an embodiment of the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1, the battery box fixing structure of the present embodiment includes a battery box 30 of the battery box type and a base for carrying the battery box of the battery box type.

As shown in fig. 2, the base comprises two longitudinal beams 21 arranged in parallel, the cross section of the longitudinal beams 21 is in a groove-shaped cross section structure, and the notches of the two longitudinal beams 21 are opposite. On the two side members 21, a front cross member 22 and a rear cross member 23 are arranged, wherein the front cross member 22 is connected to the front ends of the two side members 21 for reinforcing the strength of the front portion of the base.

As shown in fig. 2, the front beam 22 is U-shaped with an upward opening, and includes a connecting beam 221 with two ends bent upward, and connecting bases 222 corresponding to the two ends of the connecting beam 221 and fixedly connected to the front ends of the two stringers 21.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, on each of the stringers 21, there is arranged a rail 60 extending horizontally and longitudinally from front to rear, the two rails being horizontal and parallel to each other. Slide supports 50 capable of sliding on the guide rails 60 are disposed on the left and right side surfaces of the battery box 30, and a plurality of opening and closing locking devices are disposed on the left and right and rear sides of the battery box 30. The locking and unlocking device comprises a bolt 402, a limiting block 42 fixed on the side surface of the battery box body of the battery box, and a bolt driving device 40 fixedly installed relative to the base, wherein a pin hole 421 is formed in the limiting block 42; the pin driving device 40 is used for pushing the pin 402 to be inserted into and pulled out of the corresponding pin hole 421.

As shown in fig. 4, the battery box 30 is mirror-symmetrical with respect to the middle surface 32, and a plurality of traction lugs 31 are provided on the front side of the box body, and the traction lugs 31 are used for connecting with a traction device for pushing and pulling the battery box 30.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the lower part of the sliding support 50 is a support 53 running in the longitudinal direction, a roller 51 is mounted at the rear end of the sliding support 50 through a roller pin 52, and a wheel surface support point 54 of the roller 51 protrudes downward from the support 53.

As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the guide rail 60 is arranged in a recess of the longitudinal beam 21 on the lower leg. As shown in fig. 9, the guide rail 60 is provided with a trapezoidal groove 61 for contacting and supporting the supporting portion 53 and the roller 51, and the shape of the lower portion of the supporting portion 53 is adapted to the trapezoidal groove 61 of the guide rail 60.

As shown in fig. 8, the trapezoidal groove 61 of the guide rail 60 has a trapezoidal guide 63 at the front, the width of the notch at the front end of the trapezoidal guide 63 being larger than the width of the notch at the rear end, and the height of the front end bottom of the groove being lower than the height of the rear end bottom of the groove. The structure of the front part of the trapezoid groove is symmetrical with the structure of the rear part of the trapezoid groove. The guide rail 60 has the same structure in a front-back symmetry way, so that the guide rail can be installed on the left side longitudinal beam and the right side longitudinal beam, and when the installation position is changed left and right, the guide rail only needs to be turned back and forth, thereby improving the universality.

As shown in fig. 14, the rail rear end slope (i.e., the bottom surface of the trapezoidal guide portion of the rail rear end) 62 is lowered by a height not smaller than the difference in height between the wheel surface support point 54 and the support portion 53 of the roller. When the roller 51 rolls in the horizontal trapezoid groove between the trapezoid guide parts 63 at the two ends of the guide rail, the support part 53 at the lower part of the sliding support piece 50 is separated from the guide rail 60, the battery box 30 is supported by the roller 51 in contact with the guide rail 60, and the roller rolls when the battery box 30 moves forwards and backwards, so that friction force is reduced. When the roller 51 moves onto the inclined surface 62 at the rear end of the guide rail, the height of the supporting part 53 gradually decreases along with the backward movement of the roller 51 and finally contacts with the trapezoid groove 61 of the guide rail, at this time, the supporting part 53 and the trapezoid groove 61 form surface contact support, sliding friction is formed between the supporting part and the trapezoid groove, the sliding friction force is greater than the rolling friction force of the roller rolling in the trapezoid groove, and the trapezoid supporting part is matched with the trapezoid groove of the guide rail, so that the battery box with the electricity changing function is more stable.

As shown in fig. 3 and 14, the battery box fixing structure for the battery box for the battery replacement further includes a pushing device 70, the pushing device is fixedly arranged on the rear cross beam 23 of the base, and the pushing device 70 is used for pushing the battery box 30. As shown in fig. 13, the pushing device 70 includes a push rod 71, and a driving device 72 connected to the rear end of the push rod, where the driving device 72 is used to push the push rod 71 to move back and forth, the driving device 72 may be an air cylinder, or an oil cylinder, or a linear displacement motor, and the front end of the push rod 71 is used to abut against the rear side surface of the battery box body.

As shown in fig. 14, the maximum displacement of the push rod 71 moving forward and backward is not smaller than the length of the rail slope 62 in the forward and backward direction. When the push rod 71 moves forward to maximum displacement, the roller also moves from the incline at the rear end of the rail to the horizontal section of the trapezoidal groove in front of the incline.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, in this embodiment, the latch driving device 40 is a cylinder, and the latch 402 is fixedly connected to the piston rod 401 thereof. In some other embodiments, the latch actuation device 40 may also be a cylinder, or a linear displacement motor.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the bolt driving devices 40 are mounted on the connection seats 222 at two ends of the front cross beam 22, and the front lower parts at the left and right sides of the battery box are respectively provided with a limiting block 42, which corresponds to the bolt driving devices of the connection seats and is matched with the bolts connected with the bolt driving devices of the connection seats, so that the battery box can be fixed at the front lower parts of the left and right sides of the battery box.

As shown in fig. 2, the base includes a lateral limit bracket 41 fixedly mounted on the outer sides of the two stringers and having an upper portion extending upward to the middle upper portion of the side of the battery box, a latch driving device 40 is mounted on the upper portion of the lateral limit bracket 41, and a limit block 42 is correspondingly disposed on the middle upper portion of the side of the battery box 30, and is adapted to the latch driving device on the lateral limit bracket, so as to fix the battery box at the position.

As shown in fig. 3, bolt driving devices 40 are installed at positions of the rear cross beam 23 close to two ends, limiting blocks matched with the bolt driving devices are arranged at corresponding positions of the rear side surface of the battery box 30, and the limiting blocks 42 are matched with the bolts to fix the battery box. The bolt driving device and the pushing device control the extension and retraction of the bolt driving device and the pushing device through valves.

In this embodiment, the latch driving device 40 may also be disposed on a structure fixed to the base, for example, on an electric truck, the longitudinal beam 21 of the base is formed by a frame longitudinal beam 20, a cab rear suspension bracket 24 is fixedly mounted on the frame longitudinal beam, and the latch driving device 40 may also be disposed in the middle of the cab rear suspension bracket 24, as shown in fig. 3, so as to fix the battery box at a higher position.

The battery box fixing structure of the present embodiment can be used for electric equipment such as an electric truck, or electric engineering machinery such as an electric loader, an electric excavator, etc.

Embodiment two.

Fig. 16 shows a structure of an electric truck according to a second embodiment of the present utility model.

The electric truck according to the present embodiment has the battery box fixing structure of the first embodiment. As shown in fig. 16, in the battery box fixing structure, the battery box is disposed at the bottom of the cab, and the side members in the base are constituted by the front sections of the frame side members 20. In an electric truck, a cab 10 is arranged at a front position of the truck, an electric box space for accommodating a battery box of a battery exchange type is arranged below the cab 10, and an inlet and an outlet of the electric box space are positioned at the front part of the truck. The front side of the cab 10 has a reversible upper panel 11 and lower panel 12, the upper panel 11 can be turned upwards, the lower panel 12 can be turned downwards, the upper panel 11 and the lower panel 12 can be turned open to expose the entrance and exit of the electric box space, and the battery box 30 can be taken out or put in from the entrance and exit of the electric box space.

In the present embodiment, the battery box 30 is disposed below the cab, not occupying the cabin layout space behind the cab. The battery box of changing electricity is located between two frame longerons, is located the frame longeron upside for changing electricity battery box is complete, and the focus of changing electricity battery box moves down, is favorable to reducing whole car focus, improves vehicle stability. The electric box can be arranged below the cab from the front part of the cab, the posture of the electric box carrying vehicle can be adjusted during power conversion, the electric box or the placing position of the electric box is opposite to the space entrance of the electric box, the electric box can be pushed into the space of the electric box on the truck through pushing or pulling, or the electric box can be taken out from the space of the electric box of the truck, the power conversion operation is completed, and the power conversion operation is simple and convenient without using lifting equipment.

Claims (11)

1. The utility model provides a change formula battery box fixed knot constructs, includes change formula battery box and is used for bearing the base of changing the formula battery box, its characterized in that be provided with two horizontal parallels on the base and from front to back longitudinal extension guide rail, change formula battery box left and right sides respectively is provided with the slip support piece that can slide at the guide rail and remove from the guide rail front end slip, has arranged a plurality of and will change the formula battery box and spacing fixed opening and closing device of base relative to change the formula battery box in the left and right sides of changing the formula battery box; the opening and closing locking device comprises a bolt, a limiting block fixed on the side face of the battery box body of the battery box, and a bolt driving device fixedly installed relative to the base, and the limiting block is provided with a pin hole; the bolt driving device is used for pushing the bolt to stretch into and pull out of the corresponding pin hole;

the sliding support piece is provided with a support part which can be in contact with the guide rail, the rear end of the sliding support piece is provided with a roller which protrudes downwards from the support part and can roll on the guide rail, the rear end of the guide rail is provided with a slope which inclines downwards, and the descending height of the slope at the rear end of the guide rail is not less than the height difference between the supporting point of the roller wheel surface and the support part.

2. The battery box fixing structure of claim 1, wherein the guide rail is provided with a trapezoid groove for contacting and supporting the supporting part and the roller, and the shape of the lower part of the supporting part is matched with the trapezoid groove of the guide rail.

3. The battery box fixing structure of claim 2, wherein the trapezoid groove has a trapezoid guide part at a front end, a notch width at a front end of the trapezoid guide part is larger than a notch width at a rear end, and a front end bottom is lower than a rear end bottom.

4. A battery box securing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the structure of the front part of said trapezoidal groove and the structure of the rear part of said trapezoidal groove are symmetrical to each other.

5. The battery box securing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the base includes two stringers having a channel-shaped cross-sectional structure in cross-section, the notches of the two stringers being arranged opposite each other, the guide rail being fixedly mounted in the channel of the stringers and on the lower leg.

6. The battery box fixing structure according to claim 5, wherein side restricting brackets with upper portions extending upward are fixedly installed on outer sides of the two longitudinal beams, and the bolt driving device is installed on upper portions of the side restricting brackets.

7. The battery box fixing structure according to claim 5, wherein the base further comprises a rear cross beam disposed behind the guide rail and fixedly connected to the two longitudinal beams at both ends, the rear cross beam is provided with a pushing device for pushing the battery box forward and a plug pin driving device, and a pushing stroke of the pushing device is not smaller than a length of the inclined surface of the guide rail in the front-rear direction.

8. The battery box fixing structure according to claim 5, wherein the base further comprises a U-shaped front cross beam with an upward opening, the front cross beam is respectively fixed at the front ends of the two longitudinal beams, the sliding support piece is fixed at the middle lower parts of the left and right sides of the battery box, and the front lower part of the battery box is located in the recess of the front cross beam.

9. The battery box fixing structure of claim 8, wherein the latch driving means is installed at both ends of the front cross member.

10. An electric truck characterized by having the battery box fixing structure of the battery box of the change type according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. An electric construction machine characterized by having the battery box fixing structure of the battery box of any one of claims 1 to 9.