WO2024101080A1 - モータ制御装置、および、電気車 - Google Patents
モータ制御装置、および、電気車 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024101080A1 WO2024101080A1 PCT/JP2023/037384 JP2023037384W WO2024101080A1 WO 2024101080 A1 WO2024101080 A1 WO 2024101080A1 JP 2023037384 W JP2023037384 W JP 2023037384W WO 2024101080 A1 WO2024101080 A1 WO 2024101080A1
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- control device
- frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
- H02M7/5395—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/02—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit
- B60L15/08—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit using pulses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
- H02P27/085—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation wherein the PWM mode is adapted on the running conditions of the motor, e.g. the switching frequency
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/421—Speed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/423—Torque
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/429—Current
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
- B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
- B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
- B60L2270/142—Emission reduction of noise acoustic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
- B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
- B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
- B60L2270/145—Structure borne vibrations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a motor control device that suppresses electromagnetic noise and harmonics generated by a motor drive inverter, and an electric vehicle equipped with the motor control device.
- the PWM waveform generating device of Patent Document 1 is known as a conventional technique for suppressing electromagnetic noise and harmonics generated by inverters for driving motors by dispersing the carrier frequency.
- the abstract of Patent Document 1 states that the objective is to "provide a PWM waveform generating device that can suppress particularly harsh carrier sounds (applicant's note: according to paragraph 0009 of the same document, synonymous with "electromagnetic noise") in a PWM-controlled inverter device mounted on an air conditioner without excessively increasing the carrier frequency, thereby equivalently reducing the noise level of the air conditioner.”
- claim 5 of the same document states, "The PWM waveform generating device according to claim 2, characterized in that the second carrier frequency switching means comprises a random order setting means for randomly setting the selection order of the multiple carrier frequencies of the carrier frequency setting means, and a fifth carrier frequency switching means for selecting and switching a carrier frequency at an appropriate timing from among the multiple carrier frequencies of the carrier frequency setting means in accordance with the random selection order set by the random order setting means.”
- Patent Document 1 proposes a PWM waveform generation method that disperses harmonic components and reduces electromagnetic noise by sequentially selecting one of multiple carrier frequency candidates according to a selection frequency that is weighted in a random order at random timing.
- Patent Document 1 makes no mention whatsoever of the technical idea of suppressing the amount of heat generated by the switching elements by controlling the magnitude of the average value f ave . Therefore, as a result of the carrier frequency dispersion in Patent Document 1, it is conceivable that inappropriate motor control will result from the viewpoint of suppressing the amount of heat generated by the switching elements, and in such a case, it is not possible to eliminate the possibility that excessive heat generated by the switching elements will cause a breakdown of the inverter.
- a method of uniformly reducing the frequency of each carrier frequency candidate can be considered as a method of suppressing the heat generation amount of the switching element.
- the present invention aims to provide a motor control device that randomly selects multiple carrier frequency candidates to distribute harmonic components, and that can suppress electromagnetic noise by widening the distribution of harmonic components while suppressing the amount of heat generated by the inverter switching elements.
- a motor control device that controls an inverter that supplies AC power to an AC motor, comprising: a carrier frequency generation unit that selects each of a plurality of carrier frequency candidates at a predetermined ratio based on a random number and outputs the selected carrier frequency as the carrier frequency; a carrier wave generation unit that generates a carrier wave based on the selected carrier frequency; and a PWM controller that outputs a PWM signal based on the carrier wave to the inverter, the predetermined ratio being determined based on the frequencies of the plurality of carrier frequency candidates and a predetermined maximum average switching frequency.
- the motor control device of the present invention can suppress the amount of heat generated by the inverter's switching elements while widening the distribution of harmonic components to suppress electromagnetic noise.
- FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating restrictions on carrier frequencies.
- FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing an overall configuration of a motor drive system according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram illustrating a configuration of a carrier frequency generating unit according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a drive system of an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing the overall configuration of the motor drive system 100 of this embodiment.
- the motor drive system 100 includes a motor control device 1, a motor 2, an inverter 3, a DC power supply 4, a DC voltage detector 5, a phase current detector 6, and a magnetic pole position detector 7.
- the components of the motor drive system 100 other than the motor control device 1 will be outlined one by one, and then the motor control device 1 will be described in detail.
- Motor 2 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) driven by AC power.
- PMSM permanent magnet synchronous motor
- the effects of the present invention described below can also be obtained when using an AC machine such as a synchronous reluctance motor, a permanent magnet synchronous generator, a wound-type synchronous machine, an induction motor, or an induction generator instead of a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
- the inverter 3 is a power conversion device that converts DC power into AC power in accordance with a gate signal (PWM signal) from the motor control device 1 and supplies the AC power to the motor 2.
- the inverter 3 uses a plurality of semiconductor switching elements (IGBTs, MOSFETs, etc.) to convert DC power into AC power, and during this process, the temperature of each semiconductor switching element rises.
- each semiconductor switching element is provided with a temperature sensor, and the element temperature detected by each temperature sensor is also input to the motor control device 1.
- the DC power supply 4 is a power supply that supplies DC power to the inverter 3.
- This DC power supply 4 may be a battery, or a power supply that outputs DC power that has been rectified and smoothed from commercial AC power.
- the DC voltage detector 5 is a sensor that detects the output voltage of the DC power supply 4 and outputs it to the motor control device 1 as DC voltage information Vdc.
- the phase current detector 6 is a sensor that consists of a Hall CT (Current Transformer) and detects the three-phase currents Iu, Iv, and Iw (U, V, and W) supplied from the inverter 3 to the motor 2, and outputs the current waveforms Iuc, Ivc, and Iwc to the motor control device 1.
- Hall CT Current Transformer
- the magnetic pole position detector 7 is a sensor that consists of a resolver or the like, detects the magnetic pole position of the motor 2, and outputs magnetic pole position information ⁇ to the motor control device 1.
- the motor control device 1 of this embodiment includes a frequency calculation unit 11, a coordinate conversion unit 12, a current control unit 13, a coordinate conversion unit 14, a carrier frequency generation unit 15, a carrier wave generation unit 16, and a PWM controller 17.
- the motor control device 1 is a computer including a calculation unit such as a CPU, a storage device such as a semiconductor memory, and hardware such as a communication device.
- the calculation unit executes a desired program to realize each of the above-mentioned functional units, but the following description will omit such well-known techniques as appropriate.
- the frequency calculation unit 11 calculates and outputs the speed information ⁇ 1 from the magnetic pole position information ⁇ detected by the magnetic pole position detector 7. Note that, for example, a differential calculation can be used for this calculation.
- the coordinate conversion unit 12 converts the current waveforms Iuc, Ivc, and Iwc detected by the phase current detector 6 into coordinates using the magnetic pole position information ⁇ detected by the magnetic pole position detector 7, and outputs the d- and q-axis current detection values Idc and Iqc.
- the current control unit 13 calculates and outputs appropriate dq-axis voltage command values Vd*, Vq* so that the dq-axis current command values Id * , Iq * input from a higher-level device or the like match the dq-axis current detection values Idc , Iqc input from the coordinate conversion unit 12.
- the coordinate conversion unit 14 performs coordinate conversion on the dq-axis voltage command values Vd * , Vq * input from the current control unit 13 using the magnetic pole position information ⁇ detected by the magnetic pole position detector 7, and outputs three-phase voltage command values Vu * , Vv * , Vw * .
- the carrier frequency generator 15 outputs a carrier frequency fc that is effective in suppressing heat and electromagnetic noise generated by the inverter 3. Details of the carrier frequency fc generated here will be described later.
- the carrier wave generating unit 16 generates a carrier wave such as a triangular wave or a sawtooth wave based on the carrier frequency fc output by the carrier frequency generating unit 15.
- the PWM controller 17 calculates a duty signal from the three-phase voltage command values Vu * , Vv * , Vw * and the DC voltage information Vdc, compares it with a carrier wave, and outputs a gate signal (PWM signal) for each phase.
- the switching elements of the inverter 3 are PWM-controlled in response to this gate signal (PWM signal), so that the motor 2 is controlled to rotate at a desired rotation speed in response to a command from a higher-level device or the like.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of a functional block of the carrier frequency generation unit 15 in this embodiment.
- the carrier frequency generation unit 15 includes a first random number generation unit 15a, a call period determination unit 15b, a maximum average switching frequency determination unit 15c, a selection ratio determination unit 15d, and a carrier frequency determination unit 15e. Each unit will be explained in turn below.
- the first random number generation unit 15a generates a random number RN1 , which is a natural number.
- This random number RN1 is, for example, any natural number from 1 to 8, and may be a pseudo-random number generated by using a map reference or a linear congruential algorithm.
- the calling period determination unit 15b randomly determines the timing (hereinafter referred to as the "calling period") for calling the carrier frequency determination unit 15e described later based on the random number RN1 generated by the first random number generation unit 15a.
- This calling period is, for example, a period obtained by multiplying a half period (fc/2) of the current carrier frequency fc by n (n is a natural number). If the random number RN1 generated by the first random number generation unit 15a is 3, 3fc/2 is determined as the calling period, and if the random number RN1 is 8, 4fc is determined as the calling period.
- the carrier frequency determination unit 15e described later is also allowed to continuously select the same carrier frequency fc as the previous time, so the carrier frequency fc is not always updated in synchronization with the calling period determined by the calling period determination unit 15b.
- the maximum average switching frequency f ave_max is determined as follows. For example, in a region where the motor speed ⁇ is low and the motor current I is high, the temperature rise of the switching elements tends to be large, so the maximum average switching frequency f ave_max is set lower than that in normal operation. Alternatively, when the temperature of the switching elements exceeds a predetermined value, the maximum average switching frequency f ave_max is set lower than that in normal operation.
- the selection ratio determination unit 15d determines the selection ratio of each of the multiple prepared carrier frequencies fc based on the maximum average switching frequency f ave_max . For example, if two types of frequencies, a first frequency f 1 and a second frequency f 2 (where f 1 > f 2 ), are prepared as candidates for the carrier frequency fc, the selection ratio determination unit 15d limits the selection ratio r 1 of the first frequency f 1 , which generates a larger amount of heat in the switching element, according to formula 1. The effect of limiting the selection ratio r 1 of the first frequency f 1 according to formula 1 will be described later.
- the carrier frequency determination unit 15e is called when the call cycle determined by the call cycle determination unit 15b is reached, and selects one of the multiple prepared carrier frequency candidates within the allowable range of the selection ratio determined by the selection ratio determination unit 15d, and outputs it as the carrier frequency fc.
- the carrier frequency determination unit 15e includes a second random number generation unit 15e1 and a frequency selection unit 15e2.
- the second random number generation unit 15e1 generates a random number RN2 , which is a natural number.
- This random number RN2 is, for example, any natural number from 1 to 100, and may be a pseudo-random number generated by using a map reference or a linear congruential algorithm.
- the frequency selection unit 15e2 selects one of the first frequency f1 or the second frequency f2 as the carrier frequency fc based on the random number RN2 generated by the second random number generation unit 15e1 and the selection ratio r1 determined by the selection ratio determination unit 15d. For example, the random number RN2 is divided by 100 and compared with the selection ratio r1 . If the calculated value is equal to or less than the selection ratio r1 , the first frequency f1 is selected as the carrier frequency fc, and if the calculated value is greater than the selection ratio r1 , the second frequency f2 is selected as the carrier frequency fc. Since the random number RN2 is a random number, the selection ratio of the first frequency f1 approaches the desired selection ratio r1 by continuing the carrier frequency selection by this method.
- Equation 2 The time it takes for a carrier frequency to be selected is proportional to the inverse of the carrier frequency, so Equation 2 holds true.
- Equation 3 Solving Equation 2 for the selection ratio r1 gives Equation 3.
- Equation 1 if the average switching frequency f ave is set to be equal to or lower than the maximum average switching frequency f ave_max , then Equation 1 is obtained. Therefore, if the selection ratio r 1 of the first frequency f 1 is determined according to Equation 1, it is possible to achieve an average switching frequency equal to or lower than the maximum average switching frequency f ave_max . This makes it possible to prevent the amount of heat generated by the switching element from becoming greater than an expected value.
- the selected carrier frequency does not change, so the selected carrier frequency itself is not changed to suppress the amount of heat generation, and only the selection ratio is changed. This eliminates the need to narrow the frequency selection range, so the degree of reduction in the harmonic dispersion effect is small. Therefore, when reducing the average switching frequency, it is possible to increase the harmonic dispersion effect compared to a measure of uniformly lowering the first frequency f1 and the second frequency f2 .
- Equation 4 does not take into account that the time at which the carrier frequency is output varies depending on the frequency, and is based on the premise that the duration of the selected carrier frequency does not change regardless of the frequency. Since this simplifies the calculation, when the difference between the first frequency f1 and the second frequency f2 is small, calculation using Equation 4 will produce results that are almost equivalent to those of Equation 1.
- the maximum average switching frequency varies depending on the speed, current, and temperature of the semiconductor switching elements of the inverter 3 (see the input signal in FIG. 3), but the maximum average switching frequency may be set to a fixed value assuming a worst case.
- the selection ratio itself may be calculated from the first frequency f1 , the second frequency f2 , and the maximum average switching frequency which are fixed, and set to a fixed value.
- this embodiment shows an example in which the ringing cycle is random, the same effect can be obtained even if the ringing cycle changes according to a predetermined rule, although there is a possibility of harmonic components being generated due to regular switching of the carrier frequency.
- the motor control device of this embodiment can suppress the amount of heat generated by the inverter switching elements while widening the distribution of harmonic components to suppress electromagnetic noise.
- the selection ratio of the first frequency f1 which is a candidate for the carrier frequency fc
- the selection ratio of the second frequency f2 is r2
- the time during which the carrier frequency fc is selected is proportional to the inverse of the carrier frequency, and therefore Equation 5 holds.
- Equation 6 Solving Equation 5 for the frequency ratio r1 results in Equation 6.
- the selection ratio determination unit 15d limits the selection ratio r1 of the first frequency f1 according to Equation 7. Note that the relationship between Equation 6 and Equation 7 corresponds to the relationship between Equation 3 and Equation 1 in the case where the candidates for the carrier frequency fc are two values.
- the selection ratio r2 of the second frequency f2 which is the center of the three frequency candidates, is preferably a small value in consideration of the effect of dispersion, and is therefore fixed at, for example, 0.1 and used in the calculation of Equation 7.
- the selection ratio r2 may be changed according to conditions with reference to the results of electromagnetic noise measurements. In any case, if the selection ratio r1 is limited by Equation 7, the amount of heat generated can be suppressed even when there are three frequency candidates. Note that, even when there are three frequency candidates, Equation 8 may be used instead of Equation 7.
- Equation 8 does not take into account that the time at which the carrier frequency is output varies depending on the frequency, but is premised on the fact that the duration of the selected carrier frequency does not change regardless of the frequency. This simplifies the calculation, so when the difference between f1 , f2 , and f3 is small, calculation using equation 8 will produce results that are almost equivalent to those of equation 7.
- Fig. 4 shows the configuration of the drive system of an electric vehicle according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the electric vehicle of this embodiment is equipped with a transmission 21, a differential gear 22, a drive shaft 23, and wheels 24 in addition to the motor control device 1, motor 2, inverter 3, and DC power source 4 shown in the first embodiment.
- the motor 2 is connected to a transmission 21.
- the transmission 21 is connected to a drive shaft 23 via a differential gear 22 and supplies power to wheels 24. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the transmission 21 is not used and the vehicle is directly connected to the differential gear 22, or a configuration in which the motor 2 and the inverter 3 are applied to each of the front and rear wheels.
- Automobiles have strict requirements for motor noise, and because of response requirements, the carrier frequency cannot be set low, so it can be said that this is an application in which the effects of this invention are more pronounced than in other applications.
- railways have strict requirements for motor noise, just like automobiles, so this is an application in which the effects of this invention are more likely to be seen.
- Motor drive system 1 Motor control device 11: Frequency calculation unit 12: Coordinate conversion unit 13: Current control unit 14: Coordinate conversion unit 15: Carrier frequency generation unit 15a: First random number generation unit 15b: Call period determination unit 15c: Maximum average switching frequency determination unit 15d: Selection ratio determination unit 15e: Carrier frequency determination unit 15e1: Second random number generation unit 15e2: Frequency selection unit 16: Carrier wave generation unit 17: PWM controller 2: Motor 3: Inverter 4: DC power supply 5: DC voltage detector 6: Phase current detector 7: Magnetic pole position detector 21: Transmission 22: Differential gear 23: Drive shaft 24: Wheels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
なお、図示を省略しているが、各半導体スイッチング素子には温度センサが設けられており、各温度センサで検出した素子温度もモータ制御装置1に入力される。
本実施例のモータ制御装置1は、図2に示すように、周波数演算部11、座標変換部12、電流制御部13、座標変換部14、キャリア周波数生成部15、キャリア波生成部16、PWM制御器17を備えている。以下、各部を順次説明する。なお、モータ制御装置1は、具体的には、CPU等の演算装置、半導体メモリ等の記憶装置、および、通信装置などのハードウェアを備えたコンピュータである。そして、演算装置が所望のプログラムを実行することで、上記した各機能部を実現するが、以下では、このような周知技術を適宜省略しながら説明する。
以下、本発明の要諦となる、キャリア周波数生成部15の詳細、および、本発明の原理と効果を説明する。
以下、式1によって平均スイッチング周波数faveが、所望の最大平均スイッチング周波数fave_max以下となる理由を説明する。
これにより、スイッチング素子の発熱量が想定の値よりも大きくなるのを防ぐことができる。
以上では、キャリア周波数fcの候補が2値の場合を示したが、候補が3値や4値であっても同様に選択比率を考慮することでインバータ3での発熱量を抑えることが可能である。以下では、キャリア周波数候補が3値の場合を例に、周波数比率の選択方法を説明する。
なお、トランスミッション21が無くデファレンシャルギア22に直接接続される構成や、前輪、後輪それぞれにモータ2およびインバータ3が適用される構成でもよい。
1:モータ制御装置
11:周波数演算部
12:座標変換部
13:電流制御部
14:座標変換部
15:キャリア周波数生成部
15a:第一乱数発生部
15b:呼出周期決定部
15c:最大平均スイッチング周波数決定部
15d:選択比率決定部
15e:キャリア周波数決定部
15e1:第二乱数発生部
15e2:周波数選択部
16:キャリア波生成部
17:PWM制御器
2:モータ
3:インバータ
4:直流電源
5:直流電圧検出器
6:相電流検出器
7:磁極位置検出器
21:トランスミッション
22:デファレンシャルギア
23:ドライブシャフト
24:車輪
Claims (6)
- 交流モータに交流電力を供給するインバータを制御するモータ制御装置であって、
複数のキャリア周波数候補の夫々を乱数に基づいて所定の比率で選択しキャリア周波数として出力するキャリア周波数生成部と、
選択したキャリア周波数に基づいてキャリア波を生成するキャリア波生成部と、
前記キャリア波に基づくPWM信号をインバータに出力するPWM制御器と、を備え、 前記所定の比率は、前記複数のキャリア周波数候補の周波数と所定の最大平均スイッチング周波数に基づいて決定されることを特徴とするモータ制御装置。 - 請求項1記載のモータ制御装置において、
前記キャリア周波数生成部は、前記選択の更新周期をランダムに決定する更新周期決定部を備えることを特徴とするモータ制御装置。 - 請求項1または2に記載のモータ制御装置において、
前記キャリア周波数候補は2値であることを特徴とするモータ制御装置。 - 請求項1または2に記載のモータ制御装置において、
前記キャリア周波数生成部は、前記交流モータの回転速度、電流値、または、前記インバータの素子温度に基づき、前記最大平均スイッチング周波数を決定する最大平均スイッチング周波数決定部を備えることを特徴とするモータ制御装置。 - 交流モータとインバータとモータ制御装置を搭載した電気車であって、
前記交流モータは、トランスミッションとデファレンシャルギアとドライブシャフトとを介して車輪を駆動するモータであり、
前記モータ制御装置は、請求項1または2に記載のモータ制御装置であることを特徴とする電気車。
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| DE112023002651.3T DE112023002651T5 (de) | 2022-11-09 | 2023-10-16 | Motorsteuergerät und elektrofahrzeug |
| CN202380055969.6A CN119654791A (zh) | 2022-11-09 | 2023-10-16 | 电动机控制装置以及电车 |
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| JP2022179289A JP2024068733A (ja) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | モータ制御装置、および、電気車 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0947026A (ja) * | 1995-07-25 | 1997-02-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Pwm波形生成装置 |
| US20140268948A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Electromagnetic interference (emi) reduction in interleaved power converter |
| JP2019146380A (ja) * | 2018-02-21 | 2019-08-29 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | モータ制御装置およびそれを用いる電動車両システム |
| JP2020010460A (ja) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | インバータ制御装置 |
| JP2021083241A (ja) * | 2019-11-21 | 2021-05-27 | 東洋電機製造株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
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| CN113541521B (zh) * | 2021-07-06 | 2022-07-29 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | 逆变器随机脉宽调制选择性消谐中的滞环随机扩频方法 |
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- 2023-10-16 CN CN202380055969.6A patent/CN119654791A/zh active Pending
- 2023-10-16 WO PCT/JP2023/037384 patent/WO2024101080A1/ja not_active Ceased
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0947026A (ja) * | 1995-07-25 | 1997-02-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Pwm波形生成装置 |
| US20140268948A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Electromagnetic interference (emi) reduction in interleaved power converter |
| JP2019146380A (ja) * | 2018-02-21 | 2019-08-29 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | モータ制御装置およびそれを用いる電動車両システム |
| JP2020010460A (ja) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | インバータ制御装置 |
| JP2021083241A (ja) * | 2019-11-21 | 2021-05-27 | 東洋電機製造株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
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| DE112023002651T5 (de) | 2025-04-17 |
| JP2024068733A (ja) | 2024-05-21 |
| CN119654791A (zh) | 2025-03-18 |
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