WO2024092724A1 - 端盖、电池单体、电池和用电设备 - Google Patents

端盖、电池单体、电池和用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024092724A1
WO2024092724A1 PCT/CN2022/129897 CN2022129897W WO2024092724A1 WO 2024092724 A1 WO2024092724 A1 WO 2024092724A1 CN 2022129897 W CN2022129897 W CN 2022129897W WO 2024092724 A1 WO2024092724 A1 WO 2024092724A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connection structure
battery
electrode terminal
opening
end cap
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/129897
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏华圣
邢承友
李全坤
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/129897 priority Critical patent/WO2024092724A1/zh
Publication of WO2024092724A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024092724A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
    • H01M50/516—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by welding, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an end cover, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an end cover, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can increase the output current of the battery and thus improve the performance of the battery.
  • an end cap comprising: an end cap body, the end cap body having an opening; a first connection structure, comprising a first metal, the first connection structure is arranged on the inner side of the opening and is used for welding and connecting to an electrode terminal located in the opening; a second connection structure, comprising a second metal, the second connection structure is connected to the first connection structure, and the second connection structure is used for welding and connecting to a first sealing member that closes the opening.
  • the end cap includes an end cap body, a first connection structure, and a second connection structure.
  • the end cap body has an opening, which is used to accommodate an electrode terminal; the first connection structure is located on the inner side of the opening and is welded to the electrode terminal, that is, the first connection structure is adjacent to the opening; the second connection structure is connected to the first connection structure and is welded to the first sealing member that closes the opening.
  • first connection structure and the second connection structure By providing the first connection structure and the second connection structure, and connecting the first connection structure to the electrode terminal, the first connection structure to the second connection structure, and the second connection structure to the first sealing member, it is possible to achieve that the current flows directly from the electrode terminal to the first sealing member, and then the current flows to the external circuit connected to the first sealing member, so that the current loss caused by passing through the battery shell can be avoided, thereby increasing the output current of the battery and improving the performance of the battery.
  • the end cover body includes a first step structure disposed on an edge of the opening, and the first step structure is used to embed the first connection structure.
  • the first connection structure when the first step structure is provided at the edge of the opening and the first connection structure is embedded in the first step structure, the first connection structure can be located inside the opening, so that the first connection structure can be welded and connected to the electrode terminal located in the opening.
  • the first connection structure By providing the first step structure for embedding the first connection structure at the edge of the opening, the first connection structure can be connected to the electrode terminal located in the opening, so that the current flows directly from the electrode terminal to the first connection structure.
  • the end cover body further includes a second step structure, the second step structure is closer to the inner side of the opening relative to the first step structure, and the second step structure is used to overlap the electrode terminal.
  • the electrode terminal is located in the opening.
  • a second step structure is also provided in the end cap body, and further, the second step structure is closer to the inner side of the opening than the first step structure, that is, the second step structure is also adjacent to the opening.
  • the second step structure is used to overlap the electrode terminal, so that the electrode terminal can be connected to the first connection structure in the first step structure.
  • the first connection structure includes a third step structure, and the third step structure is used to avoid a welding structure between the first connection structure and the electrode terminal.
  • the first connection structure located in the first step structure is welded to the electrode terminal overlapped in the second step structure.
  • welding structures such as welding marks
  • the surface of the first connection structure is uneven. If the uneven surface of the first connection structure is directly brought into contact with other components, it will affect the normal use of other components.
  • other components can avoid the welding structure between the first connection structure and the electrode terminal, thereby ensuring the normal use of other components.
  • the end cover body, the first connection structure and the second connection structure are all annular.
  • the first connection structure and the second connection structure can be reasonably and as much as possible distributed in the end cover, thereby achieving good current transmission.
  • a size of the first connection structure is 0.8-1 mm, and the first direction is parallel to an axis of the end cap.
  • the first connection structure is not only connected to the second connection structure, but also welded to the electrode terminal located in the opening.
  • the welding of the first connection structure and the electrode terminal may have the problem of weak welding.
  • a size of the second connection structure is 2-4 mm.
  • the second connection structure is not only connected to the first connection structure, but also connected to the first sealing member that closes the opening.
  • the welding of the second connection structure and the first sealing member may have the problem of loose welding.
  • the connection between the second connection structure and the first sealing member can be ensured to be firm, thereby achieving a stable flow of current.
  • a size of the third step structure is not less than 0.2 mm.
  • the third step structure is used to avoid the first connection structure and the welding structure of the electrode terminal to ensure the normal use of other components around the first connection structure and the electrode terminal.
  • the size of the third step structure in the first direction not less than 0.2 mm, it can be ensured that other components completely avoid the welding structure of the first connection structure and the electrode terminal, thereby further ensuring that the current can flow directly from the electrode terminal to the first sealing member.
  • a dimension of the first connection structure on one side of the axis of the end cover is not less than 1 mm, and the second direction is perpendicular to the axis of the end cover.
  • the first connection structure in order to ensure the firm welding of the first connection structure and the electrode terminal, there are requirements for the size of the first connection structure in the first direction.
  • the first connection structure must not only be connected to the electrode terminal, but also to the second connection structure. If the size of the first connection structure in the second direction is too small, the connection effect between it and the second connection structure will also be poor.
  • the size of the single-sided first connection structure in the second direction not less than 1 mm, a stable connection between the first connection structure and the second connection structure can be achieved, thereby achieving a stable output of current.
  • a dimension of the second connection structure on one side of the end cover axis is not less than 5 mm.
  • the second connection structure with a suitable size can achieve perfect adaptation with the electrode terminal, the end cap and other components.
  • the size of the single-sided second connection structure in the second direction not less than 5 mm, the normal function of the end cap can be ensured.
  • the material of the electrode terminal includes copper, and the first metal is nickel-plated or copper.
  • the electrode terminal including copper can be directly welded to the first connection structure.
  • the electrode terminal and the first connection structure are directly welded to achieve better current transmission and avoid current loss, thereby increasing the current flowing to the outside.
  • the material of the first sealing component includes aluminum, and the second metal is aluminum.
  • the first seal containing aluminum when the first seal includes aluminum and the second metal in the second connection structure is aluminum, the first seal containing aluminum can be directly welded to the second connection structure.
  • Aluminum is cheap and easy to obtain.
  • the battery By connecting the aluminum-containing end cap with the aluminum converging component, the battery can be electrically connected to the outside, which can reduce the cost of the battery and is conducive to large-scale production.
  • the second metal in the second connection structure aluminum the battery can be well connected to the outside, avoiding current loss, thereby increasing the current flowing to the outside.
  • first connection structure and the second connection structure are connected by thermal bonding.
  • the end cap structure connected by thermal recombination has a small internal resistance. That is, when the first connection structure and the second connection structure are connected by thermal recombination, the current can be better transferred from the first connection structure to the second connection structure, achieving a larger current transfer between the battery and the outside, thereby improving the battery performance.
  • a battery cell comprising: an electrode assembly; a shell having a first opening for accommodating the electrode assembly; an end cover according to any one of the above embodiments, having a second opening, the end cover being used to close the first opening; and a first seal for closing the second opening.
  • the first sealing member in a first direction, has a protrusion compared to the end cover, and the first direction is parallel to an axis of the end cover.
  • the second connection structure is welded to the connection piece that closes the opening of the end cover body.
  • welding structures such as weld marks
  • the first seal also needs to be connected to the confluence component. If the uneven surface of the second connection structure is directly in contact with the confluence component, it will affect the normal use of the confluence component.
  • the confluence component or other components can avoid the welding structure of the second connection structure and the first seal, thereby ensuring the normal use of the confluence component or other components.
  • a size of the protrusion is not less than 0.2 mm.
  • the protrusion on the first seal is used to avoid the second connection structure and the welding structure of the first seal, so as to ensure the normal use of other components around the second connection structure and the first seal.
  • the size of the protrusion in the first direction not less than 0.2 mm, it can be ensured that other components completely avoid the welding structure of the second connection structure and the first seal, thereby further ensuring that the current can flow directly from the electrode terminal to the first seal, and then to the outside.
  • a battery comprising a plurality of battery cells according to the above embodiments; and a busbar component, wherein the busbar component is used to electrically connect the plurality of battery cells.
  • an electrical device comprising the battery in the above embodiment, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an end cover according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of an end cover according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a partial enlarged view of area A in FIG6 ;
  • FIG8 is a partial enlarged view of area B in FIG7;
  • Box body 10 battery cell 20, first seal 21, end cover 22, negative electrode adapter 23, electrode assembly 24, shell 25, electrode terminal 26, positive electrode adapter 27, bottom cover 28, second seal 29;
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists.
  • the character "/" in this application generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • the battery in the embodiment of the present application can be a lithium ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a lead-acid battery, a nickel-ion battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a lithium-air battery or a sodium ion battery, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not make specific limitations on this.
  • multiple battery cells in a battery can be connected in series, in parallel or in hybrid connection, where hybrid connection refers to a mixture of series and parallel connection.
  • multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel or in hybrid connection to form a battery module, and multiple battery modules can be connected in series, in parallel or in hybrid connection to form a battery.
  • multiple battery cells can be directly formed into a battery, or they can be first formed into a battery module, and the battery module can then be formed into a battery.
  • the battery is further arranged in an electrical device to provide electrical energy for the electrical device.
  • Power batteries are being used more and more widely.
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application field of power batteries, the market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • the existing cylindrical battery cells generally have only one electrode terminal, and the materials connected to the external module busbars are nickel-plated steel and aluminum, while the module busbars are mostly made of aluminum bars, nickel sheets or nickel-plated materials. Therefore, when current is generated inside the cylindrical battery cell, the current needs to pass through the shell of the cylindrical battery cell, and the internal resistance of the shell is high, which causes the output current of the cylindrical battery cell to become smaller, thereby reducing the performance of the cylindrical battery cell.
  • the present application provides an end cap, which can make the positive and negative electrode terminals in a cylindrical battery with two electrode terminals directly electrically connected to the converging component, so that the current flows directly from the electrode terminal to the end cap, and then to the first seal connected to the end cap, so that it does not need to pass through the shell of the battery cell, thereby increasing the output current of the battery cell and improving the performance of the battery.
  • end cap provided in this application is suitable for cylindrical batteries, especially the 4680 structure of cylindrical batteries, but this application is not limited to this.
  • the battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electrical devices such as vehicles, ships or aircraft.
  • a power supply system comprising the battery cells and batteries disclosed in the present application can be used to form the electrical device, thereby increasing the current of the cylindrical battery cells in the power supply system and improving the performance of the cylindrical battery cells.
  • the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to various battery-using devices, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptop computers, electric vehicles, electric toys, electric tools, electric vehicles, ships and spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.
  • FIG1 it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000.
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, and the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 may include a plurality of battery cells 20.
  • the battery 100 may also include a housing 10 (or a housing), the interior of the housing 10 being a hollow structure, and a plurality of battery cells 20 may be accommodated in the housing 10.
  • the housing 10 may include two parts, which are respectively referred to as a first part 111 and a second part 112, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are buckled together.
  • the shapes of the first part 111 and the second part 112 may be determined according to the shapes of the combination of the plurality of battery cells 20, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 may each have an opening.
  • the first part 111 and the second part 112 may both be hollow cuboids and each may have only one face as an opening face, the opening of the first part 111 and the opening of the second part 112 are arranged opposite to each other, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are buckled together to form a housing 10 having a closed chamber.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in parallel, in series or in a mixed combination and are placed in a box formed by buckling the first part 111 and the second part 112 .
  • the battery 100 there can be multiple battery cells 20, and the multiple battery cells 20 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • the multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells 20 is accommodated in the box; of course, the battery 100 can also be a battery module formed by connecting multiple battery cells 20 in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the box.
  • the battery 100 can also include other structures.
  • the battery 100 can also include a converging component (not shown in the figure) for realizing the electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 20.
  • Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell 20 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 may include a first seal 21, an end cover 22, a negative electrode adapter 23, an electrode assembly 24, a shell 25, a positive electrode adapter 27, a bottom cover 28, and a second seal 29.
  • the shell 25 forms a shell or a battery box with the first seal 21 and the second seal 29, and the walls of the shell 25, the first seal 21, and the second seal 29 are all referred to as the walls of the battery cell 20.
  • the shell 25 is determined according to the shape of one or more electrode assemblies 24 after combination.
  • the shell 25 is a hollow cylinder, and the end face of the shell 25 is an open face, that is, the end face does not have a wall body so that the shell 25 is connected inside and outside.
  • the shell 25 of the cylindrical battery cell 20 has two circular end faces, and there is a column between the two circular end faces, and the column part may include the electrode assembly 24.
  • the end cover 22 and the bottom cover 27 cover the upper and lower openings and are connected to the housing 25, and then form a closed cavity for placing the electrode assembly 24 through the first seal 21 and the second seal 29.
  • the housing 25 is filled with electrolyte, such as electrolyte.
  • the battery cell 20 further includes an electrode terminal 26, which is inserted into the end cover 22 and the bottom cover 28 respectively to form an electrical connection with the first seal 21 and the second seal 29. More specifically, the electrode terminal 26 includes a first electrode terminal 261 and a second electrode terminal 262. The first electrode terminal 261 and the second electrode terminal 262 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include a current collecting member for electrically connecting the electrode assembly 24 and the electrode terminal 26 .
  • each electrode assembly 24 has two tabs, for example, a first tab and a second tab, the first tab and the second tab having opposite polarities.
  • first tab is a positive tab
  • second tab is a negative tab
  • first tab is a copper tab
  • the second tab is an aluminum tab.
  • the first tab of one or more electrode assemblies 24 is connected to the electrode terminal 26 through a current collecting member
  • the second tab of one or more electrode assemblies 24 is connected to another electrode terminal 26 through another current collecting member.
  • the first pole tab and the second pole tab of the battery cell 20 are respectively arranged at two ends. If not otherwise specified, the first pole tab is a copper pole tab and the second pole tab is an aluminum pole tab.
  • the battery cell 20 may not be provided with a bottom cover 28 , that is, the aluminum tab may be directly connected to the second seal 29 .
  • the electrode assembly 24 can be provided as a single one or multiple ones according to actual use requirements. As shown in FIG. 4 , one electrode assembly 24 is provided in the battery cell 20 .
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the end cap 22 of an embodiment of the present application.
  • the end cap 22 includes: an end cap body 221, the end cap body 221 having an opening 222; a first connection structure 223, including a first metal, the first connection structure 223 is disposed inside the opening 222, and is used for welding and connecting with the electrode terminal 26 located in the opening 222; a second connection structure 224, including a second metal, the second connection structure 224 is connected to the first connection structure 223, and the second connection structure 224 is used for welding and connecting with the first sealing member 21 that closes the opening 222.
  • the end cover 22 may further include an upper plastic 225 , an end cover sheet 226 , a sealing ring 227 and a lower plastic 228 .
  • the electrode terminal 26 passes through the opening 222 to connect with the end cap 22.
  • the electrode terminal 26 is a component for electrical connection, that is, the current generated by the electrode assembly 24 is transmitted to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 20 through the electrode terminal 26.
  • the first electrode terminal 261 is connected to the end cap 22, and the first electrode terminal 261 is electrically connected to the copper tab. That is, the current generated by the electrode assembly 24 is transmitted to the end cap 22 through the first electrode terminal 261 at one end, and then to the first seal 21, and is transmitted to the second seal 29 at the second electrode terminal 262 at the other end through the second electrode terminal 262.
  • the first seal 21 and the second seal 29 are both connected to the current collection component, so that the current can flow directly from the electrode assembly 24 to the outside without passing through the shell 25 of the battery cell 20.
  • first connection structure 223 and the first electrode terminal 261 must be connected by welding. If the first connection structure 223 and the first electrode terminal 261 are connected by other means, the internal resistance between the two will be large, which still causes current loss of the battery cell 20, so the first metal contained in the first connection structure 223 must be a metal that can be welded to the first electrode terminal 261.
  • the function of the opening 222 is to accommodate the first electrode terminal 261 , so the size of the opening 222 should be set according to the size of the electrode assembly 24 or the first electrode terminal 261 , and the present application does not impose any limitation on the specific size of the opening 222 .
  • the end cap 22 includes an end cap body 221, a first connection structure 223, and a second connection structure 224.
  • the end cap body 221 has an opening 222, which is used to accommodate the first electrode terminal 261; the first connection structure 223 is located inside the opening 222 and is welded to the first electrode terminal 261, that is, the first connection structure 223 is adjacent to the opening 222; the second connection structure 224 is connected to the first connection structure 223, and is welded to the first sealing member 21 that closes the opening 222.
  • first connection structure 223 When the first connection structure 223 is connected to the first electrode terminal 261, the electrical connection between the first electrode terminal 261 and the first connection structure 223 can be achieved; when the first connection structure 223 is connected to the second connection structure 224, the electrical connection between the first connection structure 223 and the second connection structure 224 can be achieved.
  • first sealing member 21 When the first sealing member 21 is connected to the second connection structure 224, the electrical connection between the second connection structure 224 and the first sealing member 21 can be achieved.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an end cap 22 of an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a partial method view of region A in Fig. 6.
  • the end cap body 221 includes a first step structure 2211 disposed at the edge of the opening 222, and the first step structure 2211 is used to embed the first connection structure 223.
  • the first connection structure 223 can be located inside the opening 221, so that the first connection structure 223 is welded to the first electrode terminal 261 located in the opening 221.
  • the inner side of the opening 222 and the edge of the opening 222 are areas that have no physical separation from the opening 222, that is, they are connected to the opening 222.
  • the first connection structure 223 can be connected to the first electrode terminal 261 located in the opening 222, so that the current flows directly from the first electrode terminal 261 to the first connection structure 223.
  • the end cap body 221 further includes a second step structure 2212 , which is located closer to the inner side of the opening 222 relative to the first step structure 2211 , and is used to overlap the first electrode terminal 261 .
  • the first electrode terminal 261 is located in the opening 222.
  • a second step structure 2212 is also provided in the end cap body 221. Further, the second step structure 2212 is closer to the inner side of the opening 222 than the first step structure 2211, that is, the second step structure 2212 is also adjacent to the opening 222, or it can be said that the second step structure 2212 is connected to the opening 222.
  • the second step structure 2212 is used to overlap the first electrode terminal 261, so that the first electrode terminal 261 can be connected to the first connection structure 223 on the first step structure 2211.
  • the first electrode terminal 261 can be stably placed in the opening 222 and stably connected to the first connecting structure 223, thereby realizing a stable flow of current.
  • the first connection structure 223 includes a third step structure 2213 , and the third step structure 2213 is used to avoid a welding structure 2214 between the first connection structure 223 and the first electrode terminal 261 .
  • the first connection structure 223 located in the first step structure 2211 is welded to the first electrode terminal 261 overlapped in the second step structure 2212.
  • welding structures 2214 such as welding marks, which will cause the surface of the first connection structure 223 to be uneven. If the uneven surface of the first connection structure 223 is directly brought into contact with other components, it will affect the normal use of other components.
  • the second connection structure 224 needs to be welded to the first sealing member 21, and the first sealing member 21 contacts the surface of the first connection structure 223.
  • the welding or normal use of the end cover 22 may be affected.
  • the end cover body 221, the first connection structure 223 and the second connection structure 224 are all annular.
  • the current is first transmitted to the first electrode terminal 261, then transmitted to the first connection structure 223 through the first electrode terminal 261, then transmitted to the second connection structure 224 through the first connection structure 223, and then transmitted to the first seal 21 through the second connection structure 224, and finally transmitted to other components such as the external converging component through the first seal 21, so that multiple battery cells 20 form an electrically connected battery module. Therefore, in theory, it is only necessary to set the parts that need to transmit current as the first connection structure 223 and the second connection structure 224 respectively, but in order to better transmit current, the first connection structure 223 and the second connection structure 224 can be made both annular. However, in actual application, the manufacturer can set the corresponding parts according to actual production needs, and this application does not limit the specific positions of the first connection structure 223 and the second connection structure 224 in the end cover 22.
  • the first connection structure 223 and the second connection structure 224 all ring-shaped, the first connection structure 223 and the second connection structure 224 can be reasonably and as much as possible distributed in the end cover 22, thereby achieving good current transmission.
  • FIG8 is a partial enlarged view of area B in FIG7 .
  • the dimension D1 of the first connection structure 223 is 0.8-1 mm, and the first direction X is parallel to the axis of the end cap 22 .
  • the first connection structure 223 is not only connected to the second connection structure 224, but also welded to the first electrode terminal 261 in the opening 222.
  • the welding between the first connection structure 223 and the first electrode terminal 261 may be weak.
  • the dimension D1 of the first connection structure 223 in the first direction X can be 0.85 mm, 0.9 mm or 1 mm, etc. As long as the engineering requirements are met, the present application has no specific requirements for the value of D1.
  • a dimension D2 of the second connection structure 224 is 2-4 mm.
  • the dimension D2 of the second connection structure 224 in the first direction X can be 2 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm or 4 mm, etc. As long as the engineering requirements are met, the present application has no specific requirements for the value of D3.
  • the second connection structure 224 is not only connected to the first connection structure 223, but also connected to the first sealing member 21 that closes the opening 222.
  • the welding between the second connection structure 224 and the first sealing member 21 may be weak.
  • a dimension D3 of the third step structure 2213 is not less than 0.2 mm.
  • the dimension D3 of the third step structure 2213 in the first direction X can be 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm or 0.4 mm, etc. As long as the engineering requirements are met, the present application has no specific requirements for the value of D3.
  • the third step structure 2213 is used to avoid the first connection structure 223 and the welding structure 2214 of the first electrode terminal 261 to ensure normal use of other components around the first connection structure 223 and the first electrode terminal 261 .
  • the dimension D3 of the third step structure 2213 in the first direction X not less than 0.2 mm, it can be ensured that other components completely avoid the first connection structure 223 and the welding structure 2214 of the first electrode terminal 261, thereby further ensuring that the current can flow directly from the first electrode terminal 261 to the end cover 22.
  • a dimension D4 of the first connection structure 223 on one side of the axis of the first seal 21 is not less than 1 mm, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the axis of the end cover 22 .
  • the first connection structure 223 In order to ensure the firm welding of the first connection structure 223 and the first electrode terminal 26126, there are requirements for the dimension D1 of the first connection structure 223 in the first direction X.
  • the first connection structure 223 is not only connected to the first electrode terminal 261, but also to the second connection structure 224. If the dimension D4 of the first connection structure 223 in the second direction Y is too small, the connection effect between the first connection structure 223 and the second connection structure 224 will also be poor.
  • the end cap body 221, the first connection structure 223 and the second connection structure 224 are all bilaterally symmetrical, and the first connection structures 223 on both sides are respectively welded to the first electrode terminal 261. Therefore, on one side, the dimension D4 of the first connection structure 223 in the second direction Y is not less than 1 mm.
  • the dimension D4 of the single-sided first connection structure 223 in the second direction Y can be 1 mm, 1.5 mm or 2 mm, etc. As long as the engineering requirements are met, the present application has no specific requirements for the value of D3.
  • the first connection structure 223 and the second connection structure 224 can be stably connected, thereby achieving stable output of current.
  • a dimension D5 of the second connection structure 224 on one side of the axis of the end cover 22 is not less than 5 mm.
  • the dimension D4 of the second connection structure 224 on one side in the second direction Y can be 2 mm, 3 mm or 4 mm, etc. As long as the engineering requirements are met, the present application has no specific requirements for the value of D3.
  • the second connection structure 224 with a suitable size can achieve perfect adaptation with the first electrode terminal 261, the first sealing member 21 and other components.
  • the second connection structures 224 on both sides are respectively welded to the first sealing member 21, so on one side, the dimension D5 of the second connection structure 224 in the second direction Y is not less than 5 mm.
  • the material of the electrode terminal 26 includes copper, and the first metal is nickel-plated or copper.
  • the first connection structure 223 and the first connection terminal 261 must be connected by welding, so the first metal in the first connection structure 223 must be a metal that can be welded to the first electrode terminal 261.
  • the electrode terminal 26 more specifically, when the material of the first electrode terminal 261 includes copper, and the first metal in the first connection structure 223 is copper or nickel-plated steel, the copper-containing first electrode terminal 261 can be directly welded to the first connection structure 223.
  • the electrode terminal 26 and the first connection structure 223 are directly welded to achieve better current transmission and avoid current loss, thereby increasing the current flowing to the outside.
  • the material of the first sealing member 21 includes aluminum, and the second metal is aluminum.
  • the first sealing member 21 including aluminum may be directly connected to the second connection structure 224 by welding.
  • the material of the second sealing member 29 also includes aluminum.
  • the battery cell 20 can be electrically connected to the outside, which can reduce the cost of the battery 100 and is conducive to application in large-scale production. And by making the second metal in the second connection structure 224 aluminum, the battery cell 20 can be well connected to the outside, avoiding current loss, thereby increasing the current flowing to the outside.
  • the material of the first pole tab in the battery cell 20 is copper, therefore, the material of the electrode terminal 26 connected to the first pole tab needs to include copper, that is, the material of the first electrode terminal 261 includes copper.
  • the material of the second pole tab is aluminum, therefore, the material of the electrode terminal 26 connected to the second pole tab needs to include aluminum, that is, the material of the second electrode terminal 292 includes aluminum.
  • the first pole tab is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal 261, the first electrode terminal 261 is electrically connected to the end cap 22, and the end cap 22 is electrically connected to the external current collection component through the first seal 21;
  • the second pole tab is electrically connected to the second electrode terminal 262, the second electrode terminal 262 is electrically connected to the second seal 29, and the second seal 29 is electrically connected to the external current collection component.
  • first connection structure 223 and the second connection structure 224 are connected by thermal bonding.
  • the hot composite here refers to hot rolling.
  • Hot rolling is rolling performed above the crystallization temperature.
  • the metal has high plasticity and low deformation resistance, which can greatly reduce the energy consumption of metal deformation.
  • the processing performance of metals and alloys can be improved by hot rolling, that is, the coarse grains in the cast state are broken, crack healing is promoted, casting defects are reduced or eliminated, the cast structure is changed into a deformed structure, and the processing performance of the alloy is improved.
  • copper and aluminum are combined together at their crystallization temperatures respectively.
  • the end cap 22 structure connected by thermal recombination has a small internal resistance. That is, when the first connection structure 223 and the second connection structure 224 are connected by thermal recombination, the current can be better transferred from the first connection structure 223 to the second connection structure 224, achieving a larger current transfer between the battery cell 20 and the outside, thereby improving the performance of the battery 100.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery cell 20, which includes: an electrode assembly 24; a shell 25, having a first opening, for accommodating the electrode assembly 24; the end cover 22 in the aforementioned embodiments, having a second opening, and the end cover 22 is used to close the first opening; and a first seal 21, for closing the second opening.
  • the first sealing member 21 in a first direction X, has a protrusion 211 compared to the end cover 22 , and the first direction X is parallel to the axis of the end cover 22 .
  • the second connection structure 224 is welded to the first sealing member 21 that closes the opening 222 of the end cover body 221.
  • welding structures 2214 such as welding marks, which will cause the surface of the second connection structure 224 to be uneven.
  • the first sealing member 21 also needs to be connected to the confluence component. If the uneven surface of the second connection structure 224 is directly in contact with the confluence component, it will affect the normal use of the confluence component.
  • the conduit component or other components can avoid the welding structure 2214 between the second connection structure 224 and the first seal 21, thereby ensuring the normal use of the conduit component or other components.
  • a dimension D6 of the protrusion 211 is not less than 0.2 mm.
  • the protrusion 211 on the first sealing member 21 is used to avoid the second connection structure 224 and the welding structure 2214 of the first sealing member 21 to ensure the normal use of other components around the second connection structure 224 and the first sealing member 21 .
  • the size of the protrusion 211 in the first direction X may be 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm or 0.3 mm, as long as it meets the engineering requirements, and the present application does not make any requirements for this.
  • the battery cell 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application has two types of electrode terminals 26, namely, a first electrode terminal 261 containing copper and a second electrode terminal 262 containing aluminum, and the two types of electrode terminals 26 are respectively arranged at both ends of the battery cell 20. That is, the first electrode terminal 261 is connected to the copper pole ear, and the second electrode terminal 262 is connected to the aluminum pole ear. The first electrode terminal 261 is connected to the end cover 22, and then connected to the external current collection component through the first seal 21, and the second electrode terminal 262 is connected to the bottom cover 28, and then connected to the external current collection component through the second seal 29.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a battery 100 , comprising the battery cell 20 in the aforementioned embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device, which may include the battery 100 in the above embodiments to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • the electric device may be a vehicle, a ship or a spacecraft.
  • the first electrode terminal 261 and the second electrode terminal 262 are arranged oppositely at the two ends of the battery cell 20.
  • the first electrode terminal 261 connected to the first pole tab i.e., the copper pole tab
  • the second electrode terminal 262 connected to the second pole tab i.e., the aluminum pole tab

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

一种端盖、电池单体、电池和用电设备，端盖（22）包括：端盖本体（221），端盖本体（221）具有开孔（222）；第一连接结构（223），包括第一金属，第一连接结构（223）设置于开孔（222）的外侧，用于与开孔（222）内的电极端子（26）焊接连接；第二连接结构（224），包括第二金属，第二连接结构（224）与第一连接结构（223）连接，第二连接结构（224）用于与封闭开孔（222）的第一密封件（21）焊接连接。

Description

端盖、电池单体、电池和用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种端盖、电池单体、电池和用电设备。
背景技术
随着环境污染的日益加剧，新能源产业越来越受到人们的关注。在新能源产业中，电池技术是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
在电池技术的发展过程中，如何提高电池的性能，是电池技术中一个亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请实施例提供了一种端盖、电池单体、电池和用电设备，可以增大电池的输出电流，进而提高电池的性能。
第一方面，提供了一种端盖，包括：端盖本体，所述端盖本体具有开孔；第一连接结构，包括第一金属，所述第一连接结构设置于所述开孔的内侧，用于与位于所述开孔内的电极端子焊接连接；第二连接结构，包括第二金属，所述第二连接结构与所述第一连接结构连接，所述第二连接结构用于与封闭所述开孔的第一密封件焊接连接。
本申请实施例中，端盖包括端盖本体、第一连接结构和第二连接结构。其中，端盖本体具有开孔，该开孔用于容纳电极端子；第一连接结构位于开孔的内侧并与电极端子焊接，即第一连接结构与开孔相邻；第二 连接结构与第一连接结构连接，并与封闭开孔的第一密封件焊接连接。通过设置第一连接结构和第二连接结构，并使第一连接结构与电极端子连接，第一连接结构与第二连接结构连接，第二连接结构与第一密封件连接，可以实现电流从电极端子直接流向第一密封件，进而使电流流向与第一密封件连接的外部电路，这样可以避免因经过电池壳体而造成的电流损失，从而增大电池的输出电流，并提高电池的性能。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述端盖本体包括设置于所述开孔的边缘的第一台阶结构，所述第一台阶结构用于嵌入所述第一连接结构。
本申请实施例中，当开孔边缘设置第一台阶结构，并将第一连接结构嵌入该第一台阶结构时，可实现第一连接结构位于开孔的内侧，从而可使第一连接结构与位于开孔内的电极端子焊接连接。通过在开孔的边缘设置用于嵌入第一连接结构的第一台阶结构，可使第一连接结构与位于开孔内的电极端子连接，从而使电流直接从电极端子流向第一连接结构。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述端盖本体还包括第二台阶结构，所述第二台阶结构相对于所述第一台阶结构靠近所述开孔的内侧，所述第二台阶结构用于搭接所述电极端子。
本申请实施例中，电极端子位于开孔内。端盖本体中还设置有第二台阶结构，进一步地，第二台阶结构相较于第一台阶结构更靠近开孔的内侧，即，第二台阶结构也与开孔相邻。第二台阶结构用于搭接电极端子，可实现电极端子与第一台阶结构内的第一连接结构连接。通过在端盖本体中设置用于搭接电极端子的第二台阶结构，并且第二台阶结构相对于第一台阶结构更靠近开孔的内侧，可使电极端子在开孔内稳定放置，并与第一连接结构稳定连接，从而实现电流的稳定流向。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一连接结构包括第三台阶结构，所述第三台阶结构用于避让所述第一连接结构与所述电极端子的焊接结构。
本申请实施例中，位于第一台阶结构内的第一连接结构与搭接于第二台阶结构中的电极端子焊接连接。当二者焊接时，会有一些焊接结构，例如焊印，导致第一连接结构的表面凹凸不平。若直接使凹凸不平的第一连接结构的表面与其他部件接触，会影响其他部件的正常使用。通过在第一连接结构中设置第三台阶结构，可以使其他部件避让第一连接结构与电极端子的焊接结构，从而保证其他部件的正常使用。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述端盖本体、所述第一连接结构和所述第二连接结构均为环形。
本申请实施例中，通过使端盖本体、第一连接结构和第二连接结构均为环形，可以使第一连接结构和第二连接结构合理的、尽可能多的分布在端盖中，从而实现电流的良好传递。
在一种可能的实施方式中，在第一方向上，所述第一连接结构的尺寸为0.8-1mm，所述第一方向平行于所述端盖的轴线。
本申请实施例中，第一连接结构不仅要与第二连接结构连接，还要与位于开孔内的电极端子焊接连接。当第一连接结构在第一方向的尺寸过小时，第一连接结构与电极端子的焊接可能会有焊接不牢的问题。通过使第一连接结构在第一方向上的尺寸保持在0.8-1mm，可保证第一连接结构与电极端子之间的连接牢固，从而实现电流的稳定流向。
在一种可能的实施方式中，在所述第一方向上，所述第二连接结构的尺寸为2-4mm。
本申请实施例中，第二连接结构不仅与第一连接结构连接，还要与封闭开孔的第一密封件连接。当第二连接结构在第一方向的尺寸过小时，第二连接结构与第一密封件的焊接可能会有焊接不牢的问题。通过使第二连接结构在第一方向上的尺寸保持在2-4mm，可保证第二连接结构与第一密封件之间的连接牢固，从而实现电流的稳定流向。
在一种可能的实施方式中，在所述第一方向上，所述第三台阶结构的尺寸不小于0.2mm。
本申请实施例中，第三台阶结构用于避让第一连接结构和电极端子的焊接结构，以保证第一连接结构和电极端子周围的其他部件的正常使用。通过使第三台阶结构在第一方向上的尺寸不小于0.2mm，可保证其他部件完全避开第一连接结构和电极端子的焊接结构，从而进一步保证电流可以直接从电极端子流向第一密封件。
在一种可能的实施方式中，在第二方向上，所述第一连接结构在所述端盖轴线的一侧的尺寸不小于1mm，所述第二方向垂直于所述端盖的轴线。
本申请实施例中，为了保证第一连接结构和电极端子的牢固焊接，对第一连接结构在第一方向上的尺寸有所要求。但第一连接结构不仅要和电极端子连接，还要和第二连接结构连接。若第一连接结构在第二方向上的尺寸过小，其与第二连接结构的连接效果也会不佳。通过使单侧第一连接结构在第二方向上的尺寸不小于1mm，可实现第一连接结构与第二连接结构的稳定连接，从而实现电流的稳定输出。
在一种可能的实施方式中，在所述第二方向上，所述第二连接结构在所述端盖轴线的一侧的尺寸不小于5mm。
本申请实施例中，具有合适尺寸的第二连接结构可实现与电极端子、端盖等部件的完美适配。通过使单侧第二连接结构在第二方向上的尺寸不小于5mm，可保证端盖的正常功能。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述电极端子的材料包括铜，所述第一金属为刚镀镍或铜。
本申请实施例中，当电极端子包括铜，第一连接结构中的第一金属为铜或钢镀镍时，含铜的电极端子可以和第一连接结构直接焊接连接。 通过使第一连接结构中的第一金属为铜或钢镀镍，电极端子和第一连接结构直接焊接以达到较好的传递电流，避免电流的损失，从而实现增大流向外部的电流。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一密封件的材料包括铝，所述第二金属为铝。
本申请实施例中，当第一密封件包括铝，第二连接结构中的第二金属为铝时，含铝的第一密封件可以和第二连接结构直接焊接连接。铝价格低廉、易于获取，通过使含铝的端盖与铝制的汇流部件连接，可实现电池与外部的电连接，可降低电池的成本，有利于在大规模的生产中应用；并且通过使第二连接结构中的第二金属为铝，可实现电池与外部的良好连接，避免电流的损失，从而实现增大流向外部的电流。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一连接结构与所述第二连接结构通过热复合连接。
本申请实施例中，通过热复合实现连接的端盖结构具有较小的内阻。也就是说，当第一连接结构与第二连接结构通过热复合连接时，电流可以更好的从第一连接结构传递到第二连接结构，实现电池与外部之间较大的电流传递，从而提高电池性能。
第二方面，提供了一种电池单体，包括：电极组件；壳体，具有第一开口，用于容纳所述电极组件；上述实施例中任一项所述的端盖，具有第二开口，所述端盖用于封闭所述第一开口；以及第一密封件，用于封闭所述第二开口。
在一种可能的实施方式中，在第一方向上，所述第一密封件相较于所述端盖具有凸出部，所述第一方向平行于所述端盖的轴线。
本申请实施例中，第二连接结构与封闭端盖本体开孔的连接件焊接连接。当二者焊接时，会有一些焊接结构，例如焊印，导致第二连接结 构的表面凹凸不平。第一密封件还需和汇流部件连接，若直接使凹凸不平的第二连接结构的表面与汇流部件接触，会影响汇流部件的正常使用。通过在第一密封件上设置凸出部，可以使汇流部件或其他部件避让第二连接结构与第一密封件的焊接结构，从而保证汇流部件或其他部件的正常使用。
在一种可能的实施方式中，在所述第一方向上，所述凸出部的尺寸不小于0.2mm。
本申请实施例中，位于第一密封件上的凸出部用于避让第二连接结构和第一密封件的焊接结构，以保证第二连接结构和第一密封件周围的其他部件的正常使用。通过使凸出部在第一方向上的尺寸不小于0.2mm，可保证其他部件完全避开第二连接结构和第一密封件的焊接结构，从而进一步保证电流可以直接从电极端子流向第一密封件，进而流向外部。
第三方面，提供了一种电池，包括多个上述实施例中的电池单体；汇流部件，所述汇流部件用于电连接多个所述电池单体。
第四方面，提供了一种用电设备，包括上述实施例中的电池，电池用于提供电能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例的电池的分解结构示意图；
图3为本申请一实施例的电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图4为本申请另一实施例的电池单体的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一实施例的端盖的分解结构示意图；
图6为本申请一实施例的端盖的剖视图；
图7为图6中A区域的局部放大图；
图8为图7中B区域的局部放大图；
附图标记说明：
电池100，第一部分111，第二部分112，控制器200，马达300；
箱体10，电池单体20，第一密封件21、端盖22、负极转接片23、电极组件24、壳体25，电极端子26，正极转接片27，底盖28，第二密封件29；
端盖本体221，开孔222，第一连接结构223，第二连接结构224，上塑胶265，端盖片266，密封圈267，下塑胶268，第一电极端子261，第二电极端子262；
第一台阶结构2211，第二台阶结构2212，第三台阶结构2213，焊接结构2214，第一方向X，第二方向Y。
具体实施方式
使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂 直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：存在A，同时存在A和B，存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
本申请实施例中的电池可以为锂离子电池、锂金属电池、铅酸电池、镍隔电池、镍氢电池、锂硫电池、锂空气电池或者钠离子电池等，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
为了满足不同的电力需求，电池中的多个电池单体之间可以串联、并联或混联，其中混联是指串联和并联的混合。可选地，多个电池单体可以先串联、并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联、并联或混联组成电池。也就是说，多个电池单体可以直接组成电池，也可以先组成电 池模块，电池模块再组成电池。电池再进一步设置于用电设备中，为用电设备提供电能。
目前，从市场形式的发展来看，动力电池的应用越来越广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航天航空等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
本申请人注意到，现有的圆柱电池单体一般只有一个电极端子，并且与外部模组汇流部件连接的材质分别为刚镀镍和铝，而模组汇流部件大多采用铝巴、镍片或者镀镍材质。因此当圆柱电池单体内部产生电流时，电流需经过圆柱电池单体的壳体，而壳体内阻较高，这就造成了圆柱电池单体的输出电流变小，从而导致圆柱电池单体的性能降低。
为解决上述现有的圆柱电池无法实现较大的输出电流，从而导致电池性能不佳的问题。本申请实施例提供了一种端盖，可以在设置有两个电极端子的圆柱电池中使正负电极端子均可以直接和汇流部件电连接，以使电流直接从电极端子流向端盖，再流向与端盖连接的第一密封件，这样就不需要经过电池单体的壳体，进而增大了电池单体的输出电流和提高了电池的性能。
此处需要说明的是，本申请所提供的端盖适用于圆柱电池，尤其是圆柱电池的4680结构，但本申请对此不作限定。
本申请实施例公开的电池单体可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池单体、电池等组成该用电装置的电源系统，这样，能够增加电源系统中圆柱电池单体的电流和提高圆柱电池单体的性能。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案均适用于各种使用电池的装置，例如，手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动玩具、电动工具、电动车辆、船舶和航天器等，其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
应理解，本申请实施例描述的技术方案不仅仅局限适用于上述所描述的装置，还可以适用于所有使用电池的装置，但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以电动车辆为例进行说明。
例如，如图1所示，为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
例如，如图2所示，为本申请实施例的一电池100的结构示意图。电池100可以包括多个电池单体20。除了电池单体之外，电池100还可以包括箱体10(或称罩体)，箱体10的内部为中空结构，多个电池单体20可容纳于箱体10内。如图2所示，箱体10可以包括两部分，这里分别称为第一部分111和第二部分112，第一部分111和第二部分112扣合在一起。第一部分111和第二部分112的形状可以根据多个电池单体20组合的形状而定，第一部分111和第二部分112可以均具有一个开口。例如，第一部分111和第二部分112均可以为中空长方体且各自只有一个面为开口面，第一部分111的开口和第二部分112的开口相对设置，并且第一部分111和第二部分112相互扣合形成具有封闭腔室的箱体10。多个电池单体20相互并联或串联或混联组合后置于第一部分111和第二部分112扣合后形成的箱体内。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单 体20构成的整体容纳于箱体内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件(图中未示出)，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。
图3为本申请一实施例的电池单体的分解结构示意图，图4为本申请另一实施例的电池单体20的结构示意图。如图3和图4所示，该电池单体20可以包括第一密封件21，端盖22，负极转接片23，电极组件24、壳体25、正极转接片27、底盖28和第二密封件29。壳体25与第一密封件21和第二密封件29形成外壳或电池盒，壳体25的壁、第一密封件21和第二密封件29的壁均称为电池单体20的壁。壳体25根据一个或多个电极组件24组合后的形状而定。壳体25为中空的圆柱体，壳体25的端面为开口面，即该端面不具有壁体而使得壳体25内外相通。从图3可以看出，圆柱形电池单体20的壳体25具有两个圆形端面，该两个圆形端面之间为柱体，柱体部分可以包括电极组件24。端盖22和底盖27覆盖上下两个开口并且与壳体25连接，再通过第一密封件21和第二密封件29形成放置电极组件24的封闭的腔体。壳体25内填充有电解质，例如电解液。
该电池单体20还包括电极端子26，电极端子26分别插入端盖22和底盖28内，以与第一密封件21和第二密封件29形成电连接。更为具体地，电极端子26包括第一电极端子261和第二电极端子262。第一电极端子261与第二电极端子262相对设置。
电池单体20还可包括集流构件，用于将电极组件24和电极端子26之间实现电连接。
另外，每个电极组件24具有两个极耳，例如，具有第一极耳和第二极耳，第一极耳和第二极耳的极性相反。例如，当第一极耳为正极极耳时，第二极耳为负极极耳。又例如，第一极耳为铜极耳，第二极耳为铝极耳。一个或多个电极组件24的第一极耳通过一个集流构件与电极端子 26连接，一个或多个电极组件24的第二极耳通过另一个集流构件与另外的电极端子26连接。
本申请实施例中，电池单体20的第一极耳和第二极耳分别设置在两端。若无特别说明，下述的第一极耳为铜极耳，第二极耳为铝极耳。
在一些实施例中，电池单体20可以不设置底盖28，也就是铝极耳可以直接与第二密封件29连接。
在该电池单体20中，根据实际使用需求，电极组件24可设置为单个，或多个，如图4所示，电池单体20内设置有一个电极组件24。
图5为本申请一实施例的端盖22的分解结构示意图。如图5所示，端盖22包括：端盖本体221，端盖本体221具有开孔222；第一连接结构223，包括第一金属，第一连接结构223设置于开孔222的内侧，用于与位于开孔222内的电极端子26焊接连接；第二连接结构224，包括第二金属，第二连接结构224与第一连接结构223连接，第二连接结构224用于与封闭开孔222的第一密封件21焊接连接。
如图5所示，端盖22还可以包括上塑胶225，端盖片226，密封圈227和下塑胶228。
本申请实施例中，电极端子26穿过开孔222以与端盖22连接。电极端子26为用于电连接的部件，即，将电极组件24产生的电流通过电极端子26传递给电池单体20的正负极。
更具体地，第一电极端子261与端盖22连接，第一电极端子261是与铜极耳实现电连接。也就是电极组件24产生的电流，一端通过第一电极端子261传递给端盖22，进而传递给第一密封件21，另一端通过第二电极端子262传递给第二电极端子262处的第二密封件29。第一密封件21和第二密封件29均与汇流部件连接，这样就可以实现电流直接从电极组件24流向外部，而不经过电池单体20的壳体25。
此处需要说明的是，第一连接结构223与第一电极端子261必须是焊接连接。若第一连接结构223与第一电极端子261是通过其他方式达到连接的，二者之间的内阻就会较大，这仍然造成电池单体20的电流损失，所以第一连接结构223中所包含的第一金属必须是可以与第一电极端 子261焊接连接的金属。
另外，开孔222的作用是容纳第一电极端子261，因此开孔222的大小应根据电极组件24或第一电极端子261的大小设置，本申请对开孔222的具体大小不作任何限定。
端盖22包括端盖本体221、第一连接结构223和第二连接结构224。其中，端盖本体221具有开孔222，该开孔222用于容纳第一电极端子261；第一连接结构223位于开孔222的内侧并与第一电极端子261焊接，即第一连接结构223与开孔222相邻；第二连接结构224与第一连接结构223连接，并与封闭开孔222的第一密封件21焊接连接。当第一连接结构223与第一电极端子261连接时，可实现第一电极端子261与第一连接结构223之间的电连接；当第一连接结构223与第二连接结构224连接时，可实现第一连接结构223与第二连接结构224之间的电连接。当第一密封件21与第二连接结构224连接时，可实现第二连接结构224与第一密封件21之间的电连接。
上述方案中，通过设置第一连接结构223和第二连接结构224，并使第一连接结构223与第一电极端子261连接，第一连接结构223与第二连接结构224连接，第二连接结构224与第一密封件21连接，可以实现电流从第一电极端子261直接流向第一密封件21，进而使电流流向与第一密封件21连接的汇流部件，这样可以避免因经过电池壳体25而造成的电流损失，从而增大电池单体20的输出电流，并提高电池100的性能。
图6为本申请一实施例的端盖22的剖视图。图7为图6中A区域的局部方法图。在一些实施例中，端盖本体221包括设置于开孔222的边缘的第一台阶结构2211，第一台阶结构2211用于嵌入第一连接结构223。
当开孔222边缘设置第一台阶结构2211，并将第一连接结构223嵌入该第一台阶结构2211中，可实现第一连接结构223位于开孔221的内侧，从而使第一连接结构223与位于开孔221内的第一电极端子261焊接连接。
此处需要说明的是，开孔222的内侧和开孔222的边缘都是与开 孔222之间没有物理隔阂的区域，即，与开孔222是相连的。
上述方案中，通过在开孔222的边缘设置用于嵌入第一连接结构223的第一台阶结构2211，可使第一连接结构223与位于开孔222内的第一电极端子261连接，从而使电流直接从第一电极端子261流向第一连接结构223。
在一些实施例中，端盖本体221还包括第二台阶结构2212，第二台阶结构2212相对于第一台阶结构2211靠近开孔222的内侧，第二台阶结构2212用于搭接第一电极端子261。
如前所述，第一电极端子261位于开孔222内。端盖本体221中还设置有第二台阶结构2212，进一步地，第二台阶结构2212相较于第一台阶结构2211更靠近开孔222的内侧，即，第二台阶结构2212也与开孔222是相邻，也可以说第二台阶结构2212与开孔222是相连的。第二台阶结构2212用于搭接第一电极端子261，可实现第一电极端子261与第一台阶结构2211上的第一连接结构223连接。
上述方案中，通过在端盖本体221中设置用于搭接第一电极端子261的第二台阶结构2212，并且第二台阶结构2212相对于第一台阶结构2211更靠近开孔222的内侧，可使第一电极端子261在开孔222内稳定放置，并与第一连接结构223稳定连接，从而实现电流的稳定流向。
在一些实施例中，第一连接结构223包括第三台阶结构2213，第三台阶结构2213用于避让第一连接结构223与第一电极端子261的焊接结构2214。
位于第一台阶结构2211内的第一连接结构223与搭接于第二台阶结构2212中的第一电极端子261焊接连接。当二者焊接时，会有一些焊接结构2214，例如焊印，导致第一连接结构223的表面凹凸不平。若直接使凹凸不平的第一连接结构223的表面与其他部件接触，会导致其他部件的正常使用。
例如，在本申请中的一些实施例中，第二连接结构224还需与第一密封件21焊接，而第一密封件21会与第一连接结构223的表面接触。当第一连接结构223的表面有凹凸不平的焊接结构2214时，可能会影响 端盖22的焊接或正常使用。
上述方案中，通过在第一连接结构223中设置第三台阶结构2213，可以使其他部件避让第一连接结构223与第一电极端子261的焊接结构2214，从而保证其他部件的正常使用。
在一些实施例中，端盖本体221、第一连接结构223和第二连接结构224均为环形。
当电极组件24产生电流时，电流首先传输到第一电极端子261，接着通过第一电极端子261传输给第一连接结构223，然后通过第一连接结构223传输到第二连接结构224，再通过第二连接结构224传输到第一密封件21，最后通过第一密封件21传输到外部的汇流部件等其他部件，进而使多个电池单体20形成有电连接的电池模组。因此，理论上来说，只需将需要传递电流的部分分别设置为第一连接结构223和第二连接结构224即可，但为了更好的传递电流，可以使第一连接结构223和第二连接结构224均为环形。但是在实际应用过程中，生产者可以根据实际生产需求设置相应的部分，本申请对第一连接结构223和第二连接结构224等在端盖22中的具体位置不作限定。
上述方案中，通过使端盖本体221、第一连接结构223和第二连接结构224均为环形，可以使第一连接结构223和第二连接结构224合理的、尽可能多的分布在端盖22中，从而实现电流的良好传递。
图8是图7中B区域的局部放大图。请如图7和图8所示，在一些实施例中，在第一方向X上，第一连接结构223的尺寸D1为0.8-1mm，第一方向X平行于端盖22的轴线。
第一连接结构223不仅要与第二连接结构224连接，还要与位于开孔222内的第一电极端子261焊接连接。当第一连接结构223在第一方向X的尺寸D1过小时，第一连接结构223与第一电极端子261的焊接可能会有焊接不牢的问题。
例如，在本申请实施例中，第一连接结构223在第一方向X上的尺寸D1可以为0.85mm、0.9mm或1mm等等，只要满足工程要求，本申请对D1的值无具体要求。
上述方案中，通过使第一连接结构223在第一方向X上的尺寸D1保持在0.8-1mm，可保证第一连接结构223与第一电极端子261之间的连接牢固，从而实现电流的稳定流向。
在一些实施例中，在第一方向X上，第二连接结构224的尺寸D2为2-4mm。
例如，在本申请实施例中，第二连接结构224在第一方向X上的尺寸D2可以为2mm、3mm、3.5mm或4mm等等，只要满足工程要求，本申请对D3的值无具体要求。
第二连接结构224不仅与第一连接结构223连接，还要与封闭开孔222的第一密封件21连接。当第二连接结构224在第一方向X的尺寸D2过小时，第二连接结构224与第一密封件21的焊接可能会有焊接不牢的问题。
上述方案中，通过使第二连接结构224在第一方向X上的尺寸D2保持在2-4mm，可保证第二连接结构224与第一密封件21之间的连接牢固，从而实现电流的稳定流向。
在一些实施例中，在第一方向X上，第三台阶结构2213的尺寸D3不小于0.2mm。
例如，在本申请实施例中，第三台阶结构2213在第一方向X上的尺寸D3可以为0.2mm、0.3mm、0.35mm或0.4mm等等，只要满足工程要求，本申请对D3的值无具体要求。
第三台阶结构2213用于避让第一连接结构223和第一电极端子261的焊接结构2214，以保证第一连接结构223和第一电极端子261周围的其他部件的正常使用。
上述方案中，通过使第三台阶结构2213在第一方向X上的尺寸D3不小于0.2mm，可保证其他部件完全避开第一连接结构223和第一电极端子261的焊接结构2214，从而进一步保证电流可以直接从第一电极端子261流向端盖22。
在一些实施例中，在第二方向Y上，第一连接结构223在第一密封件21轴线的一侧的尺寸D4不小于1mm，第二方向Y垂直于端盖22的 轴线。
为了保证第一连接结构223和第一电极端子26126的牢固焊接，对第一连接结构223在第一方向X上的尺寸D1有所要求。但第一连接结构223不仅要和第一电极端子261连接，还要和第二连接结构224连接。若第一连接结构223在第二方向Y上的尺寸D4过小，其与第二连接结构224的连接效果也会不佳。
此处需要说明的是，从端盖22的剖面图可知，端盖本体221、第一连接结构223和第二连接结构224均为左右对称，存在于两侧的第一连接结构223分别与第一电极端子261焊接连接。因此在单侧上，第一连接结构223在第二方向Y上的尺寸D4不小于1mm。
例如，在本申请实施例中，单侧的第一连接结构223在第二方向Y上的尺寸D4可以为1mm、1.5mm或2mm等等，只要满足工程要求，本申请对D3的值无具体要求。
上述方案中，通过使单侧第一连接结构223在第二方向Y上的尺寸D4不小于2mm，可实现第一连接结构223与第二连接结构224的稳定连接，从而实现电流的稳定输出。
在一些实施例中，在第二方向Y上，第二连接结构224在端盖22轴线一侧的尺寸D5不小于5mm。
例如，在本申请实施例中，单侧的第二连接结构224在第二方向Y上的尺寸D4可以为2mm、3mm或4mm等等，只要满足工程要求，本申请对D3的值无具体要求。
具有合适尺寸的第二连接结构224可实现与第一电极端子261、第一密封件21等部件的完美适配。同样，存在于两侧的第二连接结构224分别与第一密封件21焊接连接，因此在单侧上，第二连接结构224在第二方向Y上的尺寸D5不小于5mm。
上述方案中，通过使单侧第二连接结构224在第二方向Y上的尺寸D5不小于5mm，可保证端盖22的正常功能。
在一些实施例中，电极端子26的材料包括铜，第一金属为刚镀镍或铜。
如前所述，第一连接结构223与第一连接端子261必须是以焊接的形式进行连接的，所以第一连接结构223中的第一金属必须可以与第一电极端子261焊接的金属。当电极端子26，更为具体地，当第一电极端子261的材料包括铜，第一连接结构223中的第一金属为铜或钢镀镍时，含铜的第一电极端子261可以和第一连接结构223直接焊接连接。
上述方案中，通过使第一连接结构223中的第一金属为铜或钢镀镍，电极端子26和第一连接结构223直接焊接以达到较好的传递电流，避免电流的损失，从而实现增大流向外部的电流。
在一些实施例中，第一密封件21的材料包括铝，第二金属为铝。
当第一密封件21包括铝，第二连接结构224中的第二金属为铝时，含铝的第一密封件21可以和第二连接结构224直接焊接连接。
本申请实施例中，若无特别说明，第二密封件29的材料中也包括铝。
上述方案中，铝价格低廉、易于获取，通过使含铝的第一密封件21与铝制的汇流部件连接，可实现电池单体20与外部的电连接，可降低电池100的成本，有利于在大规模的生产中应用；并且通过使第二连接结构224中的第二金属为铝，可实现电池单体20与外部的良好连接，避免电流的损失，从而实现增大流向外部的电流。
本申请实施例中，电池单体20中的第一极耳的材料为铜，因此，与第一极耳连接的电极端子26的材料需包括铜，也就是第一电极端子261的材料包括铜。第二极耳的材料为铝，因此，与第二极耳连接的电极端子26的材料需包括铝，也就是第二电极端子292的材料包括铝。请参照图4，第一极耳与第一电极端子261形成电连接，第一电极端子261与端盖22形成电连接，端盖22通过第一密封件21再与外部的汇流部件形成电连接；第二极耳与第二电极端子262形成电连接，第二电极端子262与第二密封件29形成电连接，第二密封件29再与外部的汇流部件形成电连接。
在一些实施例中，第一连接结构223与第二连接结构224通过热复合连接。
此处的热复合即为热轧。热轧就是在结晶温度以上进行的轧制。 热轧时金属塑性高，变形抗力低，可以大大减少金属变形的能量消耗。通过热轧的方式能够改善金属及合金的加工工艺性能，即将铸造状态的粗大晶粒破碎，促进裂纹愈合，减少或消除铸造缺陷，将铸态组织变为变形组织，提高合金的加工性能。在本申请实施例中，就是分别在铜和铝的结晶温度时将二者结合在一起。
上述方案中，通过热复合实现连接的端盖22结构具有较小的内阻。也就是说，当第一连接结构223与第二连接结构224通过热复合连接时，电流可以更好的从第一连接结构223传递到第二连接结构224，实现电池单体20与外部之间较大的电流传递，从而提高电池100性能。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池单体20，该电池单体20包括：电极组件24；壳体25，具有第一开口，用于容纳电极组件24；前述各实施例中的端盖22，具有第二开口，所述端盖22用于封闭第一开口；以及第一密封件21，用于封闭第二开口。
如图7所示，在一些实施例中，在第一方向X上，第一密封件21相较于端盖22具有凸出部211，第一方向X平行于端盖22的轴线。
第二连接结构224与封闭端盖本体221开孔222的第一密封件21焊接连接。当二者焊接时，会有一些焊接结构2214，例如焊印，导致第二连接结构224的表面凹凸不平。第一密封件21还需和汇流部件连接，若直接使凹凸不平的第二连接结构224的表面与汇流部件接触，会影响汇流部件的正常使用。
上述方案中，通过在第一密封件21上设置凸出部211，可以使汇流部件或其他部件避让第二连接结构224与第一密封件21的焊接结构2214，从而保证汇流部件或其他部件的正常使用。
在一些实施例中，在第一方向X上，凸出部211的尺寸D6不小于0.2mm。
位于第一密封件21上的凸出部211用于避让第二连接结构224和第一密封件21的焊接结构2214，以保证第二连接结构224和第一密封件21周围的其他部件的正常使用。
本申请实施例中，凸出部211在第一方向X上的尺寸可为 0.2mm、0.25mm或0.3mm，只要满足工程需求，本申请对此不作要求。
上述方案中，通过使凸出部211在第一方向X上的尺寸D6不小于0.2mm，可保证其他部件完全避开第二连接结构224和第一密封件21的焊接结构2214，从而进一步保证电流可以直接从电极端子26流向第一密封件21，进而流向外部。
此处需要说明的是，本申请实施例所提供的电池单体20具有两种电极端子26，分别为含铜的第一电极端子261和含铝的第二电极端子262，并且两种电极端子26分别设置在电池单体20的两端。即，第一电极端子261与铜极耳连接，第二电极端子262与铝极耳连接。第一电极端子261与端盖22连接，再通过第一密封件21与外部汇流部件连接，第二电极端子262与底盖28连接，再通过第二密封件29与外部汇流部件连接。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池100，包括前述实施例中的电池单体20。
本申请实施例还提供了一种用电设备，该用电设备可以包括前述各实施例中的电池100，以用于为该用电设备提供电能。可选地，用电设备可以为车辆、船舶或航天器。
在电池单体20中，第一电极端子261和第二电极端子262相对设置在电池单体20的两端。一方面，通过使与第一极耳(即铜极耳)连接的第一电极端子261与含有第一连接结构223和第二连接结构224的端盖22连接后，再与第一密封件21连接；另一方面，使与第二极耳(即铝极耳)连接的第二电极端子262与第二密封件29连接，可以实现将电极组件24产生的电流直接传递给外部，避免因经过壳体25而造成的电流损失，从而增大电池单体20的输出电流和提高电池100的性能。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种端盖，其特征在于，包括：
    端盖本体，所述端盖本体具有开孔；
    第一连接结构，包括第一金属，所述第一连接结构设置于所述开孔的内侧，用于与位于所述开孔内的电极端子焊接连接；
    第二连接结构，包括第二金属，所述第二连接结构与所述第一连接结构连接，所述第二连接结构用于与封闭所述开孔的第一密封件焊接连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的端盖，其特征在于，所述端盖本体包括设置于所述开孔的边缘的第一台阶结构，所述第一台阶结构用于嵌入所述第一连接结构。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的端盖，其特征在于，所述端盖本体还包括第二台阶结构，所述第二台阶结构相对于所述第一台阶结构靠近所述开孔的内侧，所述第二台阶结构用于搭接所述电极端子。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的端盖，其特征在于，所述第一连接结构包括第三台阶结构，所述第三台阶结构用于避让所述第一连接结构与所述电极端子的焊接结构。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的端盖，其特征在于，所述端盖本体、所述第一连接结构和所述第二连接结构均为环形。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的端盖，其特征在于，在第一方向上，所述第一连接结构的尺寸为0.8-1mm，所述第一方向平行于所述端盖的轴线。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的端盖，其特征在于，在所述第一方向上，所述第二连接结构的尺寸为2-4mm。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的端盖，其特征在于，在所述第一方向上，所述第三台阶结构的尺寸不小于0.2mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的端盖，其特征在于，在第二方向上，所述第一连接结构在所述端盖轴线的一侧的尺寸不小于1mm，所述第二方向垂直于所述端盖的轴线。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的端盖，其特征在于，在所述第二方向上，所述第二连接结构在所述端盖轴线一侧的尺寸不小于5mm。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的端盖，其特征在于，所述电极端子的材料包括铜，所述第一金属为刚镀镍或铜。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的端盖，其特征在于，所述第一密封件的材料包括铝，所述第二金属为铝。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的端盖，其特征在于，所述第一连接结构与所述第二连接结构通过热复合连接。
  14. 一种电池单体，其特征在于，包括：
    电极组件；
    壳体，具有第一开口，用于容纳所述电极组件；
    如权利要求1至13中任一项所述的端盖，具有第二开口，所述端盖用于封闭所述第一开口；以及
    第一密封件，用于封闭所述第二开口。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池单体，其特征在于，在第一方向上，所述第一密封件相较于所述端盖具有凸出部，所述第一方向平行于所述端盖的轴线。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电池单体，其特征在于，在所述第一方向上，所述凸出部的尺寸不小于0.2mm。
  17. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括：
    多个如权利要求14至16中任一项所述的电池单体；
    汇流部件，所述汇流部件用于电连接多个所述电池单体。
  18. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求17所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/129897 2022-11-04 2022-11-04 端盖、电池单体、电池和用电设备 WO2024092724A1 (zh)

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