WO2023138416A1 - 电池单体及其制作方法、电池、用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体及其制作方法、电池、用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023138416A1
WO2023138416A1 PCT/CN2023/071081 CN2023071081W WO2023138416A1 WO 2023138416 A1 WO2023138416 A1 WO 2023138416A1 CN 2023071081 W CN2023071081 W CN 2023071081W WO 2023138416 A1 WO2023138416 A1 WO 2023138416A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tab
winding core
adapter
battery
battery cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/071081
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许虎
李星
董娇
牛少军
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023138416A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023138416A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a battery cell and a manufacturing method thereof, a battery, and an electrical device.
  • Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in the field of new energy due to their advantages such as high energy density, no memory effect, environmental protection and no pollution.
  • the winding core is usually installed in two ways: lamination and winding. Among them, the winding method is adopted by a large number of battery manufacturers because of its advantages such as simple process, high assembly efficiency, and easy automation.
  • the tabs of the battery winding core occupy a relatively large space, which will result in the sacrifice of battery energy.
  • the requirements for the connection between tabs and adapters are relatively high, which makes the production efficiency of the battery production line low and increases the cost of battery production.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a manufacturing method thereof, a battery, and an electrical device, so as to reduce battery energy sacrifice and battery manufacturing costs.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, including a housing, at least one winding core, a pole, and an adapter; the at least one winding core is arranged in the housing, each of the winding cores has a tab, and at least one end of the tab is formed as a flat surface covering the end surface of the winding core; the adapter connects the pole and the tabs of the at least two winding cores.
  • the tab includes a first tab arranged at the first end of the winding core, and a second tab arranged at the second end of the winding core, the first tab is formed as a first kneading plane covering the end surface of the first end, and/or the second tab is formed as a second kneading plane covering the end surface of the second end.
  • the space occupied by the tab on the end face of the winding core can be reduced, the winding space can be increased, and the energy density of the battery cell can be increased.
  • the winding core is formed by co-winding a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and a separator between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the positive pole piece has a first current collector, the first current collector has a first coating area and a first uncoated area, and the first uncoated area is located at the first end of the winding core to form the first tab.
  • the second pole piece has a second current collector.
  • the first uncoated area is sequentially overlapped along the outside of the winding core toward the center after kneading, so that the first tab is formed as a first kneading plane covering the end surface of the first end; and/or, the second uncoated area is sequentially overlapped along the outside of the winding core toward the center after kneading, so that the second tab is formed as a second kneading plane covering the end surface of the second end.
  • the first uncoated area and the second uncoated area are not die-cut, that is, the first pole piece and the second pole piece are designed with full tabs, and the first uncoated area and/or the second uncoated area are kneaded flat by kneading equipment, so that the first uncoated area overlaps along the outside of the winding core to the center after kneading, and the first tab is formed as the first kneading plane covering the end surface of the first end, and/or the second uncoated area is lapped sequentially along the outside of the winding core to the center after kneading, and the second tab is formed to cover the second end
  • the second kneading plane on the end face can effectively reduce the battery space occupied by all tabs, increase the winding space, and thus increase the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the winding core is formed by co-winding a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and a separator between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the first pole piece has a first current collector.
  • the first current collector has a first coating area and several third uncoated areas distributed along the length direction of the first current collector. The third uncoated areas are located at the first end of the winding core to form the first tab.
  • the fourth uncoated area several fourth uncoated areas are located at the second end of the winding core to form the second tab; wherein, the plurality of third uncoated areas are sequentially overlapped along the winding direction of the winding core after kneading, and sequentially overlapped along the outside of the winding core toward the center, so that the first tab is formed as a first kneading plane covering the end surface of the first end, and/or, while the several fourth uncoated areas are sequentially overlapped along the winding direction of the winding core after kneading, they are sequentially overlapped along the outside of the winding core toward the center connected so that the second tab is formed as a second kneading plane covering the end face of the second end.
  • the first tab is formed as the first kneading plane covering the end face of the first end, and/or, while several fourth uncoated areas are sequentially overlapping along the winding direction of the core after kneading, they are sequentially overlapped along the outside of the core so that the second tab is formed as a second kneading plane covering the end face of the second end, which can overcome the need for multiple tabs after die cutting in the related art Alignment is necessary for stable connection with the adapter, which facilitates the connection between the tab and the adapter, thereby improving production line production efficiency and reducing battery manufacturing costs.
  • the electrolyte can enter the inside of the core from the gaps between the third uncoated areas and/or between the fourth uncoated areas, thereby improving the infiltration effect.
  • the winding core is formed by winding a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and a separator between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the positive pole piece has a first current collector, and the first current collector has a first coated area and a first uncoated area.
  • the coated area is located at the second end of the winding core, forming the second tab; wherein, the first uncoated area is sequentially overlapped along the outside of the winding core toward the center after kneading, so that the first tab is formed as a first kneading plane covering the end face of the first end; and/or, while the plurality of fourth uncoated areas are sequentially overlapping along the winding direction of the winding core after kneading, they are sequentially overlapped along the outside of the winding core toward the center, so that the second tab is formed as a second kneading plane covering the end face of the second end.
  • the first tab is formed as a first kneading plane covering the end face of the first end, and/or, while several fourth non-coating areas are sequentially overlapping along the winding direction of the winding core after kneading, the second tab is formed as a second kneading plane covering the end face of the second end, which can effectively reduce the occupation of battery space by all tabs in the related art, increase the winding space, and thus improve the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the adapter includes a first adapter and a second adapter, the first adapter is overlapped on the first tab of the at least one winding core, and the second adapter is overlapped on the second tab of the at least one winding core.
  • first tab is formed as a first kneading plane covering the end face of the first end
  • second tab is formed as a second kneading plane covering the end face of the second end
  • the first adapter and the second adapter do not need to be bent
  • the first adapter and the first tab can be directly overlapped and then welded together
  • the second adapter and the second tab can be directly overlapped and then welded together, which simplifies the manufacturing process of the battery cell. Effectively improve the energy density of battery cells.
  • a first protrusion is provided on a side close to the first tab of the first adapter, and the first protrusion overlaps the first tab with interference; and/or, a second protrusion is provided on a side close to the second tab of the second adapter, and the second protrusion overlaps the second tab with interference.
  • first protrusion overlaps the first lug with interference
  • second protrusion overlaps the second lug with interference, which can prevent false welding and ensure stable connection between the first adapter piece and the first lug, and between the second adapter piece and the second lug.
  • the pole includes a first pole and a second pole, the first pole and the second pole are arranged outside the housing on the same side, the first pole is connected to the first adapter, and the second pole is connected to the second adapter.
  • the electric energy of the battery cell can be conveniently output or input through the first pole and the second pole.
  • a side of the first adapter piece away from the first pole forms a first step
  • a side of the second adapter piece away from the second pole forms a second step, so as to facilitate the positioning or support of the first adapter piece and the second adapter piece, and facilitate the welding connection between the first adapter piece and the first tab, and the second adapter piece and the second tab, thereby improving production line production efficiency and reducing battery manufacturing costs.
  • the cross section of the core is elliptical
  • the major axis of the elliptical cross section of the core is l
  • the minor axis is w
  • the ratio of the minor axis to the major axis is 0.1 ⁇ w/l ⁇ 1.
  • the ratio of the minor axis to the major axis is 0.5 ⁇ w/l ⁇ 1, so that the tabs of the winding core are easier to flatten after being wound.
  • the core has a circular cross-section. Cylindrical cores can be wound faster without hot pressing, increasing throughput.
  • the distance between the first kneading plane and the first edge of the first coating area adjacent to it is 2 mm to 3 mm; the distance between the second kneading plane and the second edge of the second coating area adjacent to it is 2 mm to 3 mm. In order to avoid falling off of the active material in the first coating area and the second coating area during the kneading process.
  • the housing is a square housing.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including: the battery cell according to any one of the first aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including the battery according to the second aspect, where the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell, including:
  • At least one winding core is provided, arranged in the housing, each winding core has a tab, and the tab at at least one end is formed as a kneading plane covering the end surface of the winding core;
  • An adapter is provided to connect the pole and the tabs of the at least two winding cores.
  • At least one tab at one end is formed as a kneading plane covering the end surface of the winding core.
  • This design compared with the full tab design, saves battery space and reduces the sacrifice of battery energy.
  • the kneading plane can be stably connected to the adapter piece, which overcomes the problem that multi-pole tabs need to be aligned to ensure a stable connection with the adapter piece, thereby improving production line production efficiency and reducing battery manufacturing costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a battery cell along the Z direction in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the core of some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the winding core along the Z direction in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a first pole piece with a first coating area and a first uncoated area or a second pole piece with a second coating area and a second uncoated area according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a first pole piece with a first coating area and multiple third uncoated areas or a second pole piece with a second coating area and multiple fourth uncoated areas according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first adapter or a second adapter in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a battery cell with an elliptical winding core in some embodiments of the present application (the number of winding cores is one);
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a battery cell with an elliptical winding core in some embodiments of the present application (the number of winding cores is two);
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a battery cell having a winding core with a circular cross-section according to some embodiments of the present application (the number of winding cores is two);
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a battery cell with an elliptical winding core in some embodiments of the present application (the number of winding cores is three).
  • a battery cell 100 a case 101, a winding core 102, a pole 103, an adapter 104, and a tab 105;
  • First coated area 1021-1 First uncoated area 1021-2, second coated area 1022-1, second uncoated area 1022-2, third uncoated area 1021-3, fourth uncoated area 1022-3, first edge 1021-10, second edge 1022-10;
  • a box body 200 an upper cover 201 , and a box shell 202 .
  • multiple refers to two or more (including two), similarly, “multiple groups” refers to two or more groups (including two), and “multiple pieces” refers to two or more (including two).
  • Batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as water power, thermal power, wind power and solar power plants, but also widely used in electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric vehicles and other electric vehicles, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of battery application fields, its market demand is also constantly expanding, and higher requirements are placed on the energy density and manufacturing cost of batteries.
  • a battery core is formed by winding a positive electrode sheet, a separator and a negative electrode sheet, wherein the positive and negative electrode sheets are divided into a coated part and an uncoated part, and the coated part is coated with an active material.
  • the uncoated part can be formed without die-cutting to form full lugs, and the full lugs are directly connected to the pole through the adapter piece, so that although the current inside the battery can be transmitted to the outside of the battery, the full lugs occupy a large space of the battery, which will cause the sacrifice of battery energy.
  • the uncoated part can also be die-cut to form multi-tabs, but in order to ensure the effective connection between multiple tabs and the adapter piece, multiple tabs need to be aligned when winding to form a core, which makes the production line production efficiency low and increases the battery manufacturing cost.
  • the tab of the battery core can be formed as a kneading plane covering the end surface of the battery core, which can save battery space and reduce the sacrifice of battery energy.
  • the kneading plane can be stably connected to the adapter, which overcomes the problem that multi-pole tabs need to be aligned to ensure a stable connection with the adapter, thereby improving production line production efficiency and reducing battery manufacturing costs.
  • the battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electric devices such as vehicles, ships or aircrafts.
  • Electric devices can be but not limited to mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, electric tools, battery cars, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical equipment vehicle 1 using a battery 10 according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle.
  • a battery 10, a motor 20, and a controller 30 can be arranged inside the vehicle 1.
  • the battery 10 can be arranged at the bottom of the vehicle 1 or at the front or the rear of the vehicle.
  • the battery 10 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1.
  • the battery 10 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 for the circuit system of the vehicle 1, for example, for starting, navigating, and working power requirements of the vehicle 1.
  • the controller 30 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 40 .
  • the battery 10 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells 100 to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery 10 mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • the battery 10 generally includes a case 200 for enclosing one or more battery cells 100 .
  • the box body 200 can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the box body 200 may include an upper cover 201 and a box shell 202, and the upper cover 201 and the box shell 202 are fastened together.
  • the shapes of the upper cover 201 and the box case 202 may be determined according to the combined shape of a plurality of battery cells 100 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 100 can be connected in series and/or in parallel via poles for various applications.
  • the application of batteries includes three levels: battery cells, battery modules and battery packs.
  • a battery module is formed by electrically connecting a certain number of battery cells together and putting them into a frame in order to protect the battery cells from external shock, heat, vibration, etc.
  • the battery pack is the final state of the battery system that goes into an electric vehicle.
  • a battery pack generally includes a case for enclosing one or more battery cells.
  • the box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the box body is generally composed of a cover body and a box shell.
  • BMS battery management system
  • thermal management components on one or more battery modules.
  • BMS battery management system
  • the level of the battery module can be omitted, that is, the battery pack is formed directly from the battery cells. This improvement has improved the gravimetric energy density and volumetric energy density of the battery system while significantly reducing the number of components.
  • the batteries mentioned in this application include battery modules or battery packs.
  • the battery cell 100 may include a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 100 includes a housing 101, a winding core 102, a pole 103 and an adapter 104; there is at least one winding core 102, and at least one winding core 102 is arranged in the casing 101.
  • Each winding core 102 has a tab 105, and at least one end of the tab 105 is formed as a kneading plane covering the end surface of the winding core 102;
  • the piece 104 connects the pole 103 and the tabs 105 of at least two winding cores 102 .
  • the X direction in the figure is the width direction of the winding core 102
  • the Y direction is the height direction of the winding core 102
  • the Z direction is the thickness direction of the winding core 102 .
  • the housing 101 is a component used to cooperate with the end caps to form the internal environment of the battery cell 100 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate winding cores, electrolyte and other components.
  • the casing 101 may be a separate component from the end cap, and an opening may be provided on the casing 101 , and the internal environment of the battery cell 100 is formed by making the end cap cover the opening at the opening.
  • the housing 101 and the end cover can also be integrated. Specifically, the housing 101 and the end cover can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing.
  • the housing 101 can be in various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylinder, hexagonal prism and so on.
  • the shape of the housing 101 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the winding core.
  • the housing 101 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the winding core 102 is a part where an electrochemical reaction occurs in the battery cell 100 .
  • the pole 103 is a functional component for outputting or inputting the electric energy of the battery cell 100.
  • the pole 103 can be used to be electrically connected with the winding core 102 to output or input the electric energy of the battery cell 100. It can be made of a material with good electrical conductivity, such as a metal material.
  • the adapter 104 is a functional component for electrically connecting the winding core 102 and the pole 103 to output or input electric energy of the battery cell 100 .
  • the tab 105 on the winding core 102 is formed as a kneading plane covering the end surface of the winding core 102, which can reduce the occupation of the battery space by the tab and increase the winding space, thereby improving the energy density of the battery cell 100 and overcoming the sacrifice of battery energy caused by the large battery space occupied by the tab in the related art.
  • the kneading plane can be stably connected to the adapter and overcome the problem that multiple tabs need to be aligned to ensure a stable connection with the adapter, thereby improving production line production efficiency and reducing battery production. cost.
  • the tab 105 includes a first tab 105-1 arranged at the first end 102-1 of the winding core 102, and a second tab 105-2 arranged at the second end 102-2 of the winding core 102.
  • the first tab 105-1 is formed to cover the first kneading plane of the end surface of the first end 102-1
  • the second tab 105-2 is formed to cover the second end 102-2.
  • the second kneading plane of the end face It can be understood that the polarities of the first tab 105-1 and the second tab 105-2 are opposite to each other. For example, when the first tab 105-1 is a positive tab, the second tab 105-2 is a negative tab; when the first tab 105-1 is a negative tab, the second tab 105-2 is a positive tab.
  • the first end 102 - 1 and the second end 102 - 2 are two ends of the winding core 102 along the X direction, respectively.
  • the space occupied by the tab 105 on the end surface of the winding core 102 can be reduced, the winding space can be increased, and the energy density of the battery cell 100 can be improved.
  • the winding core 102 is formed by winding a first pole piece 1021, a second pole piece 1022, and a diaphragm 1023 between the first pole piece 1021 and the second pole piece 1022.
  • the first pole piece 1021 has a first current collector, and the first current collector has a first coating area 1021-1 and a first uncoated area 1021-2.
  • the first uncoated area 1021-2 is located on the winding core 102.
  • the first end 102-1 of the winding core 102 forms the first tab 105-1
  • the second pole piece 1022 has a second current collector
  • the second current collector has a second coating area 1022-1 and a second uncoating area 1022-2
  • the second uncoating area 1022-2 is located at the second end 102-2 of the winding core 102, forming a second tab 105-2
  • the first uncoating area 1021-2 is sequentially overlapped along the outside of the winding core 102 toward the center after kneading connected so that the first tab 105-1 is formed as a first kneading plane covering the end face of the first end 102-1
  • the second uncoated region 1022-2 is lapped sequentially along the outside of the winding core 102 toward the center after kneading, so that the second tab 105-2 is formed as a second kneading plane covering the end face of the second end 102-2.
  • the polarities of the first pole piece 1021 and the second pole piece 1022 are opposite.
  • the first pole piece 1021 is a positive pole piece
  • the second pole piece 1022 is a negative pole piece.
  • the first current collector is a positive current collector
  • the second current collector is a negative current collector
  • the first tab 105-1 is a positive tab
  • the second tab 105-2 is a negative tab.
  • the first current collector is a negative pole current collector
  • the second current collector is a positive pole current collector
  • the first tab 105-1 is a negative pole tab
  • the second pole tab 105-2 is a positive pole tab.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode active material layer includes a positive electrode active material.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material. Both the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector can use metal foils or composite current collectors.
  • the first coating region 1021-1 is a region where an active material is disposed on the first current collector.
  • the first uncoated region 1021 - 2 is a region where no active material is disposed on the first current collector and is located at the first end 102 - 1 of the winding core 102 .
  • the first coated area 1021-1 and the second uncoated area 1021-2 are adjacently distributed on the first current collector along its width direction W (equivalent to the width direction of the winding core 102);
  • the second coating region 1022-1 is a region where an active material is disposed on the first current collector.
  • the second uncoated region 1022 - 2 is a part of the second current collector that is not provided with an active material and is located at the second end 102 - 2 of the winding core 102 .
  • the first coated area 1022 - 1 and the second uncoated area 1022 - 2 are adjacently distributed on the second current collector along its width direction W (equivalent to the width direction of the winding core 102 ).
  • the outside of the core 102 refers to the outer periphery of the cross section of the core 102 .
  • the center of the core 102 refers to the center line of the cross section of the core 102 .
  • the first uncoated area 1021-2 and the second uncoated area 1022-2 are not die-cut, that is, the first pole piece 1021 and the second pole piece 1022 adopt a full tab design, and the first uncoated area 1021-2 and/or the second uncoated area 1022-2 are flattened by kneading equipment, so that the first uncoated area 1021-2 is overlapped sequentially along the outside of the winding core 102 toward the center after kneading, and the first tab 105- 1 is formed as a first kneading plane covering the end face of the first end 102-1, and/or, after kneading, the second uncoated region 1022-2 is sequentially overlapped along the outside of the winding core 102 toward the center, and the second tab 105-2 is formed as a second kneading plane covering the end face of the second end 102-2, which can effectively reduce the battery space occupied by all tabs, increase the winding space, and thus increase the energy density of
  • the winding core 102 is formed by co-winding a first pole piece 1021, a second pole piece 1022, and a diaphragm 1023 between the first pole piece 1021 and the second pole piece 1022.
  • the first pole piece 1021 has a first current collector, and the first current collector has a first coating area 1021-1 and a plurality of third uncoated areas 1021-3 distributed along the length direction L of the first current collector.
  • the area 1021-3 is located at the first end 102-1 of the winding core 102, forming a first tab 105-1, the second pole piece 1022 has a second current collector, the second current collector has a second coating area 1022-1 and a plurality of fourth uncoated areas 1022-3 distributed at intervals along the length direction L of the second current collector, and the plurality of fourth uncoated areas 1022-3 are located at the second end 102-2 of the winding core 102, forming a second tab 105-2;
  • the uncoated area 1021-3 overlaps sequentially along the winding direction of the winding core 102 after kneading, and overlaps sequentially along the outside of the winding core 102 toward the center, so that the first tab 105-1 is formed as the first kneading plane covering the end surface of the first end 102-1, and/or, while the plurality of fourth uncoated regions 1022-3 are sequentially overlapping along the winding direction of the winding core 102 after kneading, they
  • the first coating region 1021-1 is a region where an active material is disposed on the first current collector.
  • the plurality of third uncoated regions 1021 - 3 are the parts of the first current collector that are not provided with active material and located at the first end 102 - 1 of the winding core 102 .
  • the first coated area 1021 - 1 and the plurality of third uncoated areas 1021 - 3 are adjacently distributed on the first current collector along its width direction W (equivalent to the width direction of the winding core 102 ).
  • the second coating region 1022-1 is a region where an active material is disposed on the first current collector.
  • the plurality of fourth uncoated regions 1022 - 3 are the parts of the second current collector that are not provided with active material and located at the second end 102 - 2 of the winding core 102 .
  • the second coated region 1022 - 1 and the plurality of fourth uncoated regions 1022 - 3 are adjacently distributed on the second current collector along its width direction W (equivalent to the width direction of the winding core 102 ).
  • the first tab 105-1 is formed as a first kneading plane covering the end surface of the first end 102-1, and/or, while several fourth uncoated regions 1022-3 are sequentially overlapped along the winding direction of the winding core 102 after kneading, along the outer to the center of the winding core 102
  • the second tab 105-2 is overlapped sequentially so that the second tab 105-2 forms a second kneading plane covering the end face of the second end 102-2, which can overcome the disadvantages of the related art that multiple tabs after die-cutting need to be aligned to be stably connected to the adapter, and facilitate the connection between the tab and the adapter, thereby improving production line production efficiency and reducing battery manufacturing costs.
  • the space occupied by the connection part of the tab and the adapter 104 at the end of the winding core 102 can be reduced, and the winding space can be increased, thereby effectively increasing the energy of the battery cell 100.
  • the electrolyte can enter the inside of the winding core 102 from the overlapping gaps between the third uncoated regions 1021-3 and/or between the fourth uncoated regions 1022-3, thereby improving the wetting effect.
  • the winding core 102 is formed by co-winding a first pole piece 1021, a second pole piece 1022, and a diaphragm 1023 between the first pole piece 1021 and the second pole piece 1022.
  • the first pole piece 1021 has a first current collector
  • the first current collector has a first coating area 1021-1 and a first uncoated area 1021-2.
  • the first uncoated area 1021-2 is located on the winding core 102.
  • the first end 102-1 of the winding core 102 forms the first tab 105-1
  • the second pole piece 1022 has a second current collector.
  • the second current collector has a second coating area 1022-1 and several fourth uncoated areas 1022-3 spaced along the length direction L of the second current collector. Then overlap along the outside of the winding core 102 toward the center, so that the first tab 105-1 is formed as a first kneading plane covering the end face of the first end 102-1; and/or, several fourth uncoated regions 1022-3 are overlapped sequentially along the winding direction of the winding core 102 after kneading, and are sequentially lapped along the outside of the winding core 102 toward the center, so that the second tab 105-2 is formed as a second kneading plane covering the end face of the second end 102-2.
  • the first tab 105-1 is formed as a first kneading plane covering the end surface of the first end 102-1, and/or, while several fourth non-coating regions 1022-3 are sequentially lapped along the winding direction of the winding core 102 after flattening, the second tab 105-2 is formed to cover the second
  • the second kneading plane on the end surface of the terminal 102-2 can effectively reduce the battery space occupied by all the tabs in the related art, increase the winding space, and then increase the energy density of the battery cell 100, overcome the problem in the related art that multiple tabs after die-cutting must be aligned to be stably connected to the adapter, and facilitate the connection between the tab and the adapter, thereby improving production line production efficiency and reducing battery manufacturing costs. surrounding space, thereby effectively increasing the energy density of the battery cell 100 .
  • the adapter 104 includes a first adapter 104-1 and a second adapter 104-2, the first adapter 104-1 is overlapped on the first tab 105-1 of at least one winding core, and the second adapter 104-2 is overlapped on the second tab 105-2 of at least one winding core.
  • the first adapter 104-1 and the second adapter 104-2 do not need to be bent, and the first adapter 104-1 and the first tab 105-1 can be directly overlapped and then welded together.
  • the first adapter 104-1 and the first tab 105-1 can be directly overlapped and then welded together.
  • It can be directly overlapped by interference and then welded together to simplify the manufacturing process of the battery cell 100.
  • it can reduce the space occupied by the connecting part of the tab and the adapter 104 at the end of the winding core 102 and increase the winding space, thereby effectively improving the energy density of the battery cell 100.
  • a first protrusion 104-10 is provided on the side of the first adapter 104-1 close to the first tab 105-1, and the first protrusion 104-10 is overlapped with the first tab 105-1. 2 is the interference lap.
  • the first protrusion 104-10 can be a boss formed on the first adapter 104-1 by stamping, the first protrusion 104-10 can be strip-shaped, and the number of the second protrusion 104-10 can be one or more.
  • the second protrusion 104-20 can be a boss formed on the first adapter 104-2 by stamping, the second protrusion 104-20 can be strip-shaped, and the number of the second protrusion 104-20 can be one or multiple.
  • the structural strength of the first adapter 104-1 and the second adapter 104-2 can be improved, and the deformation of the first adapter 104-1 and the second adapter 104-2 can be reduced during the assembly process.
  • the first protrusion 104-10 overlaps with the first tab 105-1
  • the second protrusion 104-20 overlaps with the second tab 105-2. It can prevent false welding and ensure the stable connection between the first adapter 104-1 and the first tab 105-1, and between the second adapter 104-2 and the second tab 105-2.
  • the pole 103 includes a first pole 103-1 and a second pole 103-2, the first pole 103-1 and the second pole 103-2 are arranged outside the housing 101 on the same side, the first pole 103-1 is connected to the first adapter 104-1, and the second pole 103-2 is connected to the second adapter 104-2.
  • the electric energy of the battery cell 100 can be conveniently output or imported.
  • the side of the first adapter 104-1 away from the first pole 103-1 forms a first step 104-11
  • the side of the second adapter 104-2 away from the second pole 103-2 forms a second step 104-21.
  • the first step 104-11 can be formed on the first adapter 104-1 by bending, and the second step 104-21 can be formed on the first adapter 104-2 by bending.
  • first step 104-11 and the second step 104-21 it is convenient to position or support the first adapter 104-1 and the second adapter 104-2, and to facilitate the welding connection between the first adapter 104-1 and the first tab 105-1, and the second adapter 104-2 and the second tab 105-2, thereby improving production line production efficiency and reducing battery manufacturing costs.
  • the cross section of the winding core 102 is elliptical
  • the long axis of the elliptical cross section of the winding core is l
  • the short axis is w
  • the ratio of the short axis to the long axis is 0.1w/l ⁇ 1.
  • the ratio of the short axis to the long axis is 0.5 ⁇ w/l ⁇ 1.
  • the cross section of the winding core 102 is circular, and the winding speed of the cylindrical winding core 102 is faster, and there is no hot-pressing process at the same time, which can increase the production capacity.
  • the distance between the first kneading plane and the first edge 1021-10 of the adjacent first coating area 1021-1 is 2 mm to 3 mm; the distance between the second kneading plane and the second edge 1022-10 of the adjacent second coating area 1022-1 is 2 mm to 3 mm.
  • the first kneading plane is obtained after kneading the first uncoated area 1021-2 or a plurality of third uncoated areas 1021-3, so that there is 2 mm to 3 mm between the first kneading plane and the first edge 1021-10 of the adjacent first coated area 1021-1, that is, there is a safety zone between the first coated area 1021-1 and the first uncoated area 1021-2 or between the first coated area 1021-1 and multiple third uncoated areas 1021-3 To avoid falling off of the active material in the first coating area 1021-1 during the kneading process.
  • the housing 101 is a square housing.
  • the lugs 105 of the winding core 102 as a kneading plane covering the end surface of the winding core, it is possible to overcome the drawbacks in the related art that multiple tabs after die-cutting need to be aligned to be stably connected to the adapter, and facilitate the direct interference overlap between the adapter 104 and the tabs 105 of multiple winding cores, so that one or more winding cores can be placed in the square casing, so that the appearance of the battery can not be changed, and the battery energy can be increased.
  • the battery cell 100 includes a housing 101, a winding core 102, a pole 103, and an adapter 104; there is at least one winding core 102, at least one winding core 102 is arranged in the casing 101, and each winding core 102 has a tab 105, and the tab 105 includes a first tab 105-1 arranged at the first end 102-1 of the winding core 102, and a first tab 105-1 arranged at the second end 102-2 of the winding core 102.
  • the second tab 105-2, the first tab 105-1 is formed as a first kneading plane covering the end face of the first end 102-1, the second tab 105-2 is formed as a second kneading plane covering the end face of the second end 102-2,
  • the adapter 104 includes a first adapter 104-1 and a second adapter 104-2, the first adapter 104-1 overlaps the first ear 105-1 of at least one winding core 102, and the second adapter The piece 104 - 2 overlaps the second tab 105 - 2 of at least one winding core 102 .
  • the first tab 105-1 is formed as the first kneading plane covering the end face of the first end 102-1 of the winding core 102
  • the second tab 105-2 is formed as the first kneading plane covering the end face of the first end 102-2 of the winding core 102, which can effectively reduce the battery space occupied by the connecting part of the tab and the adapter, increase the winding space, and further improve the energy density of the battery cell 100.
  • the kneading plane can be stably connected to the adapter. It overcomes the problem that multi-pole tabs need to be aligned to ensure a stable connection with the adapter sheet, thereby improving the production efficiency of the production line and reducing the cost of battery production.
  • a second aspect of the present application provides a battery, including the battery cell 100 in any one embodiment of the first aspect above.
  • the battery cell 100 forms the tab 105 on the winding core 102 into a kneading plane covering the end surface of the winding core 102, which can reduce the occupation of the battery space by the tab and increase the winding space, thereby improving the energy density of the battery cell 100 and overcoming the sacrifice of battery energy caused by the large battery space occupied by the tab in the related art. Battery production cost.
  • a third aspect of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery in the second aspect above, and the battery is used to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • the battery cell 100 of the battery forms the tab 105 on the winding core 102 into a kneading plane covering the end surface of the winding core 102, which can reduce the battery space occupied by the tab, increase the winding space, and further improve the energy density of the battery cell 100, and overcome the sacrifice of battery energy caused by the large battery space occupied by the tab in the related art. Improve production efficiency and reduce battery production costs.
  • the fourth aspect of the present application proposes a method for manufacturing a battery cell, the method comprising:
  • a housing 101 is provided, and the housing 101 is filled with electrolyte
  • each winding core 102 has a tab 105, at least one end of the tab 105 is formed as a kneading plane covering the end surface of the winding core 102;
  • An adapter 104 is provided, and the adapter 104 connects the pole 103 and the tab 105 of at least one winding core 102 .
  • the battery cell 100 manufactured is formed by forming the tab 105 on the winding core 102 into a kneading plane covering the end surface of the winding core 102, which can reduce the battery space occupied by the tab, increase the winding space, and further improve the energy density of the battery cell 100, and overcome the sacrifice of battery energy caused by the large battery space occupied by the tab in the related art. Thereby improving the production efficiency of the production line and reducing the cost of battery production.

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Abstract

一种电池单体（100）及其制作方法、电池（10）、用电装置。该电池单体包括：壳体（101）；布置于壳体内的至少一个卷芯（102），每一卷芯具有极耳（105），至少一端的极耳形成为覆盖卷芯端面的揉平面；极柱（103）；以及连接极柱和至少一个卷芯的极耳的转接件（104）。电池单体通过将卷芯上的至少一端的极耳形成为覆盖卷芯端面的揉平面，可减小极耳对电池空间的占用，增加卷绕空间，进而提高电池单体的能量密度，揉平面可与转接件稳定连接，克服多极耳需对齐才能保证与转接片稳定连接的问题，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本。

Description

电池单体及其制作方法、电池、用电装置
本申请要求享有于2022年01月21日提交的名称为“电池单体及电池、用电装置”的中国专利申请202220168527.5的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体涉及一种电池单体及其制作方法、电池、用电装置。
 背景技术
本部分提供的仅仅是与本公开相关的背景信息，其并不必然是现有技术。
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
锂离子电池因具有能量密度大，无记忆效应、环保无污染等优点，已经在新能源领域得以广泛应用。卷芯作为电池的核心部件，通常采用叠片和卷绕两种方式进行装置。其中，卷绕方式因具有工艺简单、装配效率高、易于自动化等优点，被广大电池制造企业所采用。
相关技术中，电池卷芯的极耳占用较大空间，会造成电池能量的牺牲。此外，极耳与转接片的连接要求较高，使得电池产线生产效率低，造成电池制作成本的增加。
 技术问题
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体及其制作方法、电池、用电装置，以降低电池能量的牺牲和电池制造成本。
 技术解决方案
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电池单体，包括壳体、至少一个卷芯、极柱以及转接件；所述至少一个卷芯布置于所述壳体内，每一所述卷芯具有极耳，至少一端的所述极耳形成为覆盖于卷芯端面的揉平面；所述转接件连接所述极柱和所述至少两个卷芯的所述极耳。
在一些实施例中，所述极耳包括布置在所述卷芯的第一端的第一极耳，以及布置在所述卷芯的第二端的第二极耳，所述第一极耳形成为覆盖于所述第一端的端面的第一揉平面，和/或所述第二极耳形成为覆盖于第二端的端面的第二揉平面。通过将卷芯的第一端的第一极耳形成为覆盖于第一端的端面的第一揉平面，和/或，将第二端的第二极耳形成为覆盖于第二端的端面的第二揉平面，可降低极耳在卷芯的端面占用的空间，增加卷绕空间，进而提高电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，所述卷芯由第一极片、第二极片以及位于所述第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜共同卷绕形成，所述正极极片具有第一集流体，所述第一集流体具有第一涂覆区和第一无涂覆区，所述第一无涂覆区位于所述卷芯的第一端，形成所述第一极耳，所述第二极片具有第二集流体，所述第二集流体具有第二涂覆区和第二无涂覆区，所述第二无涂覆区位于所述卷芯的第二端，形成所述第二极耳，其中，所述第一无涂覆区在揉平后沿所述卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，以使第一极耳形成为覆盖于所述第一端的端面的第一揉平面；和/或，所述第二无涂覆区在揉平后沿所述卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，以使第二极耳形成为覆盖于所述第二端的端面的第二揉平面。第一未涂覆区和第二未涂覆区均未进行模切，即第一极片和第二极片均采用全极耳设计，通过揉平设备将第一未涂覆区和/或第二未涂覆区揉平，使得第一无涂覆区在揉平后沿卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，第一极耳形成为覆盖第一端的端面的第一揉平面，和/或，第二无涂覆区在揉平后沿卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，第二极耳形成为覆盖第二端的端面的第二揉平面，可有效减小全极耳对电池空间的占用，增加卷绕空间，进而提高电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，所述卷芯由第一极片、第二极片以及位于所述第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜共同卷绕形成，所述第一极片具有第一集流体，所述第一集流体具有第一涂覆区以及沿所述第一集流体长度方向间隔分布的若干第三无涂覆区，若干第三无涂覆区位于所述卷芯的第一端，形成所述第一极耳，所述第二极片具有第二集流体，所述第二集流体具有第二涂覆区以及沿所述第二集流体长度方向间隔分布的若干第四无涂覆区，若干第四无涂覆区位于所述卷芯的第二端，形成所述第二极耳；其中，所述若干第三无涂覆区在揉平后沿卷芯的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿所述卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，以使所述第一极耳形成为覆盖于所述第一端的端面的第一揉平面，和/或，所述若干第四无涂覆区在揉平后沿所述卷芯的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿所述卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，以使所述第二极耳形成为覆盖于所述第二端的端面的第二揉平面。通过将若干第三无涂覆区在揉平后沿卷芯的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，使第一极耳形成为覆盖第一端的端面的第一揉平面，和/或，将若干第四无涂覆区在揉平后沿卷芯的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，使第二极耳形成为覆盖第二端的端面的第二揉平面，可克服相关技术中模切后的多个极耳需对齐才能与转接件稳定连接弊端，方便极耳与转接件之间的连接，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本，另外，可减小极耳与转接件的连接部分在卷芯的端部占用的空间，可增加卷绕空间，从而有效提高电池单体的能量密度，此外，电解液可从若干第三无涂覆区之间和/或第四无涂覆区之间的搭接的缝隙进入卷芯内部，从而提高浸润效果。
在一些实施例中，所述卷芯由第一极片、第二极片以及位于所述第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜共同卷绕形成，所述正极极片具有第一集流体，所述第一集流体具有第一涂覆区和第一无涂覆区，所述第一无涂覆区位于所述卷芯的第一端，形成所述第一极耳，所述第二极片具有第二集流体，所述第二集流体具有第二涂覆区以及沿所述第二集流体长度方向间隔分布的若干第四无涂覆区，若干第四无涂覆区位于所述卷芯的第二端，形成所述第二极耳；其中，所述第一无涂覆区在揉平后沿所述卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，以使第一极耳形成为覆盖于所述第一端的端面的第一揉平面；和/或，所述若干第四无涂覆区在揉平后沿所述卷芯的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿所述卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，以使所述第二极耳形成为覆盖于所述第二端的端面的第二揉平面。通过将第一无涂覆区在揉平后沿卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，使第一极耳形成为覆盖第一端的端面的第一揉平面，和/或，将若干第四无涂覆区在揉平后沿卷芯的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，使第二极耳形成为覆盖第二端的端面的第二揉平面，可有效减小相关技术中全极耳对电池空间的占用，增加卷绕空间，进而提高电池单体的能量密度，克服相关技术中模切后的多个极耳需对齐才能与转接件稳定连接弊端，方便极耳与转接件之间的连接，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本，另外，可减小极耳与转接件的连接部分在卷芯的端部占用的空间，可增加卷绕空间，从而有效提高电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，所述转接件包括第一转接件和第二转接件，所述第一转接件搭接于所述至少一个卷芯的第一极耳上，所述第二转接件搭接于所述至少一个卷芯的第二极耳上。当第一极耳形成为覆盖第一端的端面的第一揉平面，第二极耳形成为覆盖第二端的端面的第二揉平面时，第一转接件和第二转接件无需进行弯折，第一转接件与第一极耳可直接过盈搭接，然后焊接在一起，第二转接件与第二极耳可直接过盈搭接，然后焊接在一起，简化电池单体的制作工艺，此外，可减小极耳与转接件的连接部分在卷芯的端部占用的空间，增加卷绕空间，从而有效提高电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，所述第一转接件的靠近所述第一极耳的一侧设置第一凸起，所述第一凸起与所述第一极耳为过盈搭接；和/或，所述第二转接件的靠近所述第二极耳的一侧设置第二凸起，所述第二凸起与所述第二极耳为过盈搭接。通过设置第一凸起和第二凸起，可提高第一转接件和第二转接件的结构强度，减小第一转接件和第二转接件在装配过程中的变形，另外，第一凸起与第一极耳过盈搭接，第二凸起与第二极耳过盈搭接，可防止虚焊，保证第一转接件与第一极耳、第二转接件与第二极耳之间的稳定连接。
在一些实施例中，所述极柱包括第一极柱和第二极柱，所述第一极柱和第二极柱同侧设置在所述壳体的外部，所述第一极柱与所述第一转接件连接，所述第二极柱与所述第二转接件连接。通过第一极柱和第二极柱可方便输出或输入电池单体的电能。
在一些实施例中，所述第一转接件的远离所述第一极柱的一侧形成第一台阶，所述第二转接件的远离所述第二极柱的一侧形成第二台阶，以方便对第一转接件和第二转接件进行定位或支撑，方便第一转接件与第一极耳、第二转接件与第二极耳的焊接连接，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本。
在一些实施例中，所述卷芯的横截面为椭圆形，所述卷芯的椭圆形横截面的长轴为l，短轴为w，短轴与长轴之比为0.1≤w/l＜1。通过控制w/l的范围，使得卷绕后的卷芯的极耳更易于揉平。
在一些实施例中，短轴与长轴之比为0.5≤w/l＜1，以使得卷绕后的卷芯的极耳更易于揉平。
在一些实施例中，所述卷芯的横截面为圆形。圆柱形的卷芯卷绕速度更快、同时没有热压工序，可提高产能。
在一些实施例中，所述第一揉平面和与之相邻的所述第一涂覆区的第一边缘之间的间距在2mm～3mm；所述第二揉平面和与之相邻的所述第二涂覆区的第二边缘之间的间距在2mm～3mm。以避免在揉平过程中造成第一涂覆区和第二涂覆区的活性材料的脱落。
在一些实施例中，所述壳体为方形壳体。通过将卷芯的极耳形成为覆盖于卷芯端面的揉平面，可克服相关技术中模切后的多个极耳需对齐才能与转接件稳定连接弊端，方便转接件与多个卷芯的极耳直接过盈搭接，从而使得方形壳体内可放置一个或多个卷芯，这样，既可以不改变电池的外观，又可增加电池能量。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池，包括：根据第一方面中任一项所述的电池单体。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用电装置，包括根据第二方面中所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体的制作方法，包括：
提供壳体，所述壳体内填充电解液；
提供至少一个卷芯，布置于所述壳体内，每一卷芯具有极耳，至少一端的所述极耳形成为覆盖于卷芯端面的揉平面；
提供极柱；以及
提供转接件，将转接件连接所述极柱和所述至少两个卷芯的所述极耳。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
 有益效果
本申请实施例的技术方案中，至少一端的极耳形成为覆盖于卷芯端面的揉平面。这样设计，相较于全极耳设计，节省电池空间，减小电池能量的牺牲。另外，揉平面可与转接件稳定连接，克服多极耳需对齐才能保证与转接片稳定连接的问题，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例和现有技术的技术方案，下面对实施例和现有技术中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的实施例。
图1为本申请一些实施例的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例的电池的分解结构示意图；
图3为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体沿Z方向的剖面结构示意图；
图4为本申请的一些实施例的卷芯的结构示意图；
图5为本申请的一些实施例的卷芯沿Z方向的剖面结构示意图；
图6为本申请的一些实施例的具有第一涂覆区和第一无涂覆区的第一极片或具有第二涂覆区和第二无涂覆区的第二极片的结构示意图；
图7为本申请的一些实施例的具有第一涂覆区以及多个第三无涂覆区的第一极片或具有第二涂覆区以及多个第四无涂覆区的第二极片的结构示意图；
图8为本申请的一些实施例的第一转接件或第二转接件的结构示意图；
图9为本申请的一些实施例的具有横截面呈椭圆形的卷芯的电池单体的结构示意图（卷芯的数量为一个）；
图10为本申请的一些实施例的具有横截面呈椭圆形的卷芯的电池单体的结构示意图（卷芯的数量为两个）；
图11为本申请的一些实施例的具有横截面呈圆形的卷芯的电池单体的结构示意图（卷芯的数量为两个）；
图12为本申请的一些实施例的具有横截面呈椭圆形的卷芯的电池单体的结构示意图（卷芯的数量为三个）。
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：
车辆1；
电池10，马达20，控制器30；
电池单体100，壳体101，卷芯102，极柱103，转接件104，极耳105；
第一端102-1；第二端102-2；
第一极片1021，第二极片1022，隔膜1023；
第一涂覆区1021-1，第一未涂覆区1021-2，第二涂覆区1022-1，第二未涂覆区1022-2，第三未涂覆区1021-3，第四未涂覆区1022-3，第一边缘1021-10，第二边缘1022-10；
第一极柱103-1，第二极柱103-2；
第一转接件104-1，第二转接件104-2，第一凸起104-10，第二凸起104-20，第一台阶104-11，第二台阶104-21；
第一极耳105-1，第二极耳105-2；
箱体200，上盖201，箱壳202。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：存在A，同时存在A和B，存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上（包括两个），同理，“多组”指的是两组以上（包括两组），“多片”指的是两片以上（包括两片）。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势来看，电池的应用越加广泛，电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增，对于电池的能量密度和制造成本也提出更高的要求。
本申请人注意到，相关技术中，电池卷芯通过卷绕正极极片、隔膜和负极极片形成，其中正、负极片分为涂覆部分和未涂覆部分，涂覆部分涂有活性物质。未涂覆部分可不模切形成全极耳，全极耳直接通过转接片与极柱连接，这样虽可将电池内部的电流传向电池外部，但全极耳占用电池较大空间，会造成电池能量的牺牲。未涂覆部分也可模切形成多极耳，但为了保证多个极耳与转接片的有效连接，卷绕形成卷芯时多个极耳需对齐，这就使得产线生产效率低，造成电池制造成本的增加。
为改善上述问题，申请人研究发现，可以通过将电池卷芯的极耳形成为覆盖电池卷芯端面的揉平面，可节省电池空间，减小电池能量的牺牲。另外，揉平面可与转接件稳定连接，克服多极耳需对齐才能保证与转接件稳定连接的问题，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本。
本申请实施例公开的电池单体可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
如图1所示，为用电设备车辆1使用本申请实施例的电池10的结构示意图，车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部可以设置电池10、马达20以及控制器30，电池10可以设置在车辆1的底部或车头或车尾，电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源，用于车辆1的电路系统，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。控制器30用来控制电池10为马达40的供电。
在本申请的另一实施例中，电池10不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
如图2所示，本申请的实施例所提到的电池10是指包括一个或多个电池单体100以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池10可以包括电池模组或电池包等。电池10一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体100的箱体200。箱体200可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。具体地，箱体200可以包括上盖201和箱壳202，上盖201和箱壳202扣合在一起。上盖201和箱壳202的形状可以根据多个电池单体100组合的形状而定。
多个电池单体100可经由极柱而被串联和/或并联在一起以应用于各种应用场合。在一些诸如电动汽车等的大功率应用场合，电池的应用包括三个层次：电池单体、电池模组和电池包。电池模组是为了从外部冲击、热、振动等中保护电池单体，将一定数目的电池单体电连接在一起并放入一个框架中而形成的。电池包则是装入电动汽车的电池系统的最终状态。电池包一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。箱体一般由盖体和箱壳组成。目前的大部分电池包是在一个或多个电池模组上装配电池管理系统（BMS）、热管理部件等各种控制和保护系统而制成的。随着技术的发展，电池模组这个层次可以被省略，也即，直接由电池单体形成电池包。这一改进使得电池系统的重量能量密度、体积能量密度得到提升的同时零部件数量显著下降。本申请中所提到的电池包括电池模组或电池包。
本申请中，电池单体100可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
如图3、图4、图8至图12所示，本申请的第一方面实施例提出了一种电池单体100，电池单体100包括壳体101、卷芯102、极柱103和转接件104；卷芯102至少为一个，至少一个卷芯102布置在壳体101内，每一卷芯102具有极耳105，至少一端的极耳105形成为覆盖卷芯102端面的揉平面；转接件104连接极柱103和至少两个卷芯102的极耳105。
如图中所示，图中X方向为卷芯102的宽度方向，Y方向为卷芯102的高度方向，Z方向为卷芯102的厚度方向。
壳体101是用于配合端盖以形成电池单体100的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳卷芯、电解液以及其他部件。壳体101可以是与端盖详述互为独立的部件，可以于壳体101上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖盖合开口以形成电池单体100的内部环境。不限地，也可以使壳体101与端盖一体化，具体地，壳体101和端盖可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体101的内部时，再使端盖盖合壳体101。壳体101可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体101的形状可以根据卷芯的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体101的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
卷芯102是电池单体100中发生电化学反应的部件。
极柱103是用于输出或输入电池单体100的电能的功能性部件，例如，极柱103可用于与卷芯102电连接，以输出或输入电池单体100的电能，其可以是导电性能好的材料制成，例如金属材质。
转接件104是用于将卷芯102与极柱103电连接，以输出或输入电池单体100的电能的功能性部件。
根据本申请实施例的电池单体100，将卷芯102上的极耳105形成为覆盖卷芯102端面的揉平面，可减小极耳对电池空间的占用，增加卷绕空间，进而提高电池单体100的能量密度，克服相关技术中因极耳占用电池空间较大造成的电池能量的牺牲，另外，揉平面可与转接件稳定连接，克服多极耳需对齐才能保证与转接片稳定连接的问题，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图3、图4所示，极耳105包括布置在卷芯102的第一端102-1的第一极耳105-1，以及布置在卷芯102的第二端102-2的第二极耳105-2，第一极耳105-1形成为覆盖所述第一端102-1的端面的第一揉平面，和/或，第二极耳105-2形成为覆盖第二端102-2的端面的第二揉平面。可以理解的是，第一极耳105-1和第二极耳105-2的极性互为相反，例如，当第一极耳105-1可为正极极耳，第二极耳105-2则为负极极耳；当第一极耳105-1为负极极耳时，第二极耳105-2则为正极极耳。
第一端102-1和第二端102-2分别为卷芯102上沿X方向分布的两端。
通过将卷芯102的第一端102-1的第一极耳105-1形成为覆盖第一端102-1的端面的第一揉平面，和/或，将第二端102-1的第二极耳105-2形成为覆盖第二端102-2的端面的第二揉平面，可降低极耳105在卷芯102的端面占用的空间，增加卷绕空间，进而提高电池单体100的能量密度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图5、图6所示，卷芯102由第一极片1021、第二极片1022以及位于第一极片1021和第二极片1022之间的隔膜1023共同卷绕形成，第一极片1021具有第一集流体，第一集流体具有第一涂覆区1021-1和第一无涂覆区1021-2，第一无涂覆区1021-2位于卷芯102的第一端102-1，形成第一极耳105-1，第二极片1022具有第二集流体，第二集流体具有第二涂覆区1022-1和第二无涂覆区1022-2，第二无涂覆区1022-2位于卷芯102的第二端102-2，形成第二极耳105-2，其中，第一无涂覆区1021-2在揉平后沿卷芯102的外部向中心依次搭接，以使第一极耳105-1形成为覆盖第一端102-1的端面的第一揉平面；和/或，第二无涂覆区1022-2在揉平后沿卷芯102的外部向中心依次搭接，以使第二极耳105-2形成为覆盖第二端102-2的端面的第二揉平面。
第一极片1021和第二极片1022的极性相反，例如，当第一极片1021为正极极片时，第二极片1022则为负极极片，对应地，第一集流体为正极集流体，第二集流体为负极集流体，第一极耳105-1则为正极极耳，第二极耳105-2为负极极耳。当然，当第一极片1021为负极极片时，第二极片1022则为正极极片，对应地，第一集流体为负极集流体，第二集流体为正极集流体，第一极耳105-1则为负极极耳，第二极耳105-2则为正极极耳。
一般情况下，正极极片包括正极集流体以及设置在正极集流体至少一个表面的正极活性材料层，正极活性材料层包括正极活性材料。负极极片包括负极集流体以及设置在负极集流体至少一个表面的负极活性材料层，负极活性材料层包括负极活性材料。正极集流体和负极集流体均可采用金属箔片或复合集流体。
第一涂覆区1021-1为第一集流体上设置活性材料的区。
第一未涂覆区1021-2为第一集流体上未设置活性材料且位于卷芯102的第一端102-1的区。
第一涂覆区1021-1和第二未涂覆区1021-2在第一集流体上沿其宽度方向W（相当于卷芯102的宽度方向）相邻分布；
第二涂覆区1022-1为第一集流体上设置活性材料的区。
第二未涂覆区1022-2为第二集流体上未设置活性材料且位于卷芯102的第二端102-2的部分。
第一涂覆区1022-1和第二未涂覆区1022-2在第二集流体上沿其宽度方向W（相当于卷芯102的宽度方向）相邻分布。
卷芯102的外部是指卷芯102的横截面的外周沿。
卷芯102的中心是指卷芯102的横截面的中心线。
第一未涂覆区1021-2和第二未涂覆区1022-2均未进行模切，即第一极片1021和第二极片1022均采用全极耳设计，通过揉平设备将第一未涂覆区1021-2和/或第二未涂覆区1022-2揉平，使得第一无涂覆区1021-2在揉平后沿卷芯102的外部向中心依次搭接，第一极耳105-1形成为覆盖第一端102-1的端面的第一揉平面，和/或，第二无涂覆区1022-2在揉平后沿卷芯102的外部向中心依次搭接，第二极耳105-2形成为覆盖第二端102-2的端面的第二揉平面，可有效减小全极耳对电池空间的占用，增加卷绕空间，进而提高电池单体100的能量密度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图5、图7所示，卷芯102由第一极片1021、第二极片1022以及位于第一极片1021和第二极片1022之间的隔膜1023共同卷绕形成，所述第一极片1021具有第一集流体，第一集流体具有第一涂覆区1021-1以及沿第一集流体长度方向L间隔分布的多个第三无涂覆区1021-3，多个第三无涂覆区1021-3位于卷芯102的第一端102-1，形成第一极耳105-1，第二极片1022具有第二集流体，第二集流体具有第二涂覆区1022-1以及沿第二集流体长度方向L间隔分布的多个第四无涂覆区1022-3，多个第四无涂覆区1022-3位于卷芯102的第二端102-2，形成第二极耳105-2；其中，多个第三无涂覆区1021-3在揉平后沿卷芯102的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿卷芯102的外部向中心依次搭接，以使第一极耳105-1形成为覆盖第一端102-1的端面的第一揉平面，和/或，多个第四无涂覆区1022-3在揉平后沿卷芯102的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿卷芯102的外部向中心依次搭接，以使第二极耳105-2形成为覆盖第二端102-2的端面的第二揉平面。
第一涂覆区1021-1为第一集流体上设置活性材料的区。
多个第三未涂覆区1021-3为第一集流体上未设置活性材料且位于卷芯102的第一端102-1的部分。
第一涂覆区1021-1和多个第三未涂覆区1021-3在第一集流体上沿其宽度方向W（相当于卷芯102的宽度方向）相邻分布。
第二涂覆区1022-1为第一集流体上设置活性材料的区。
多个第四未涂覆区1022-3为第二集流体上未设置活性材料且位于卷芯102的第二端102-2的部分。
第二涂覆区1022-1和多个第四未涂覆区1022-3在第二集流体上沿其宽度方向W（相当于卷芯102的宽度方向）相邻分布。
通过将若干第三无涂覆区1021-3在揉平后沿卷芯102的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿卷芯102的外部向中心依次搭接，使第一极耳105-1形成为覆盖第一端102-1的端面的第一揉平面，和/或，将若干第四无涂覆区1022-3在揉平后沿卷芯102的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿卷芯102的外部向中心依次搭接，使第二极耳105-2形成为覆盖第二端102-2的端面的第二揉平面，可克服相关技术中模切后的多个极耳需对齐才能与转接件稳定连接弊端，方便极耳与转接件之间的连接，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本，另外，可减小极耳与转接件104的连接部分在卷芯102的端部占用的空间，可增加卷绕空间，从而有效提高电池单体100的能量密度，此外，电解液可从若干第三无涂覆区1021-3之间和/或第四无涂覆区1022-3之间的搭接的缝隙进入卷芯102内部，从而提高浸润效果。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图5至图7所示，卷芯102由第一极片1021、第二极片1022以及位于第一极片1021和第二极片1022之间的隔膜1023共同卷绕形成，第一极片1021具有第一集流体，第一集流体具有第一涂覆区1021-1和第一无涂覆区1021-2，第一无涂覆区1021-2位于卷芯102的第一端102-1，形成第一极耳105-1，第二极片1022具有第二集流体，第二集流体具有第二涂覆区1022-1以及沿所述第二集流体长度方向L间隔分布的若干第四无涂覆区1022-3，若干第四无涂覆区1022-3位于卷芯102的第二端102-2，形成第二极耳105-2；其中，第一无涂覆区1021-2在揉平后沿卷芯102的外部向中心依次搭接，以使第一极耳105-1形成为覆盖于第一端102-1的端面的第一揉平面；和/或，若干第四无涂覆区1022-3在揉平后沿卷芯102的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿卷芯102的外部向中心依次搭接，以使第二极耳105-2形成为覆盖于第二端102-2的端面的第二揉平面。
通过将第一无涂覆区1021-2在揉平后沿卷芯102的外部向中心依次搭接，使第一极耳105-1形成为覆盖第一端102-1的端面的第一揉平面，和/或，将若干第四无涂覆区1022-3在揉平后沿卷芯102的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿卷芯102的外部向中心依次搭接，使第二极耳105-2形成为覆盖第二端102-2的端面的第二揉平面，可有效减小相关技术中全极耳对电池空间的占用，增加卷绕空间，进而提高电池单体100的能量密度，克服相关技术中模切后的多个极耳需对齐才能与转接件稳定连接弊端，方便极耳与转接件之间的连接，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本，另外，可减小极耳与转接件104的连接部分在卷芯102的端部占用的空间，可增加卷绕空间，从而有效提高电池单体100的能量密度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，转接件104包括第一转接件104-1和第二转接件104-2，第一转接件104-1搭接于至少一个卷芯的第一极耳105-1上，第二转接件104-2搭接于至少一个卷芯的第二极耳105-2上。当第一极耳105-1形成为覆盖第一端102-1的端面的第一揉平面，第二极耳105-2形成为覆盖第二端102-2的端面的第二揉平面时，第一转接件104-1和第二转接件104-2无需进行弯折，第一转接件104-1与第一极耳105-1可直接过盈搭接，然后焊接在一起，第二转接件104-2与第二极耳105-2可直接过盈搭接，然后焊接在一起，简化电池单体100的制作工艺，此外，可减小极耳与转接件104的连接部分在卷芯102的端部占用的空间，增加卷绕空间，从而有效提高电池单体100的能量密度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图8所示，第一转接件104-1的靠近第一极耳105-1的一侧设置第一凸起104-10，所述第一凸起104-10与第一极耳105-1为过盈搭接，和/或，第二转接件104-2的靠近第二极耳105-2的一侧设置第二凸起104-20，第二凸起104-20与第二极耳105-2为过盈搭接。
第一凸起104-10可为通过冲压方式在第一转接件104-1上形成的凸台，第一凸起104-10可为条状，第二凸起104-10的数量可为一个，也可为多个。
第二凸起104-20可为通过冲压方式在第一转接件104-2上形成的凸台，第二凸起104-20可为条状，第二凸起104-20的数量可为一个，也可为多个。
通过设置第一凸起104-10和第二凸起104-20，可提高第一转接件104-1和第二转接件104-2的结构强度，减小第一转接件104-1和第二转接件104-2在装配过程中的变形，另外，第一凸起104-10与第一极耳105-1过盈搭接，第二凸起104-20与第二极耳105-2过盈搭接，可防止虚焊，保证第一转接件104-1与第一极耳105-1、第二转接件104-2与第二极耳105-2之间的稳定连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，极柱103包括第一极柱103-1和第二极柱103-2，第一极柱103-1和第二极柱103-2同侧设置在壳体101的外部，第一极柱103-1与第一转接件104-1连接，第二极柱103-2与第二转接件104-2连接。通过第一极柱103-1和第二极柱103-2可方便输出或输入电池单体100的电能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图8所示，第一转接件104-1的远离第一极柱103-1的一侧形成第一台阶104-11，第二转接件104-2的远离第二极柱103-2的一侧形成第二台阶104-21。
第一台阶104-11可为通过折弯方式在第一转接件104-1上形成，第二台阶104-21可为通过折弯方式在第一转接件104-2上形成。
通过设置第一台阶104-11和第二台阶104-21，可方便对第一转接件104-1和第二转接件104-2进行定位或支撑，方便第一转接件104-1与第一极耳105-1、第二转接件104-2与第二极耳105-2的焊接连接，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本。
根据本申请的一些实施例，卷芯102的横截面为椭圆形，卷芯的椭圆形横截面的长轴为l，短轴为w，短轴与长轴之比为0.1w/l＜1，可选地，短轴与长轴之比为0.5≤w/l＜1，通过控制w/l的范围，使得卷绕后的卷芯102的极耳更易于揉平。
根据本申请的一些实施例，卷芯102的横截面为圆形，圆柱形的卷芯102卷绕速度更快、同时没有热压工序，可提高产能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一揉平面和与之相邻的第一涂覆区1021-1的第一边缘1021-10之间的间距在2mm～3mm；第二揉平面和与之相邻的第二涂覆区1022-1的第二边缘1022-10之间的间距在2mm～3mm。
第一揉平面为第一未涂覆区1021-2或多个第三未涂覆区1021-3揉平后得到，使第一揉平面和与之相邻的第一涂覆区1021-1的第一边缘1021-10之间存在2mm～3mm，即使得第一涂覆区1021-1和第一未涂覆区1021-2或第一涂覆区1021-1与多个第三未涂覆区1021-3之间存在安全区，以避免在揉平过程中造成第一涂覆区1021-1的活性材料的脱落。同理，使第二揉平面和与之相邻的第二涂覆区1022-1的第一边缘1022-10之间存在2mm～3mm，即使得第二涂覆区1022-1和第一未涂覆区1022-2或第一涂覆区1022-1与多个第四未涂覆区1022-3之间存在安全区，以避免在揉平过程中造成第二涂覆区1022-1的活性材料的脱落。
根据本申请的一些实施例，壳体101为方形壳体。通过将卷芯102的极耳105形成为覆盖于卷芯端面的揉平面，可克服相关技术中模切后的多个极耳需对齐才能与转接件稳定连接弊端，方便转接件104与多个卷芯的极耳105直接过盈搭接，从而使得方形壳体内可放置一个或多个卷芯，这样，既可以不改变电池的外观，又可增加电池能量。
根据本申请的一些实施例，电池单体100包括壳体101、卷芯102、极柱103和转接件104；卷芯102至少为一个，至少一个卷芯102布置在壳体101内，每一卷芯102具有极耳105，极耳105包括布置在卷芯102的第一端102-1的第一极耳105-1，以及布置在卷芯102的第二端102-2的第二极耳105-2，第一极耳105-1形成为覆盖所述第一端102-1的端面的第一揉平面，第二极耳105-2形成为覆盖第二端102-2的端面的第二揉平面，转接件104包括第一转接件104-1和第二转接件104-2，第一转接件104-1搭接于至少一个卷芯102的第一极耳105-1上，第二转接件104-2搭接于至少一个卷芯102的第二极耳105-2上。
根据本申请实施例的电池单体100，将第一极耳105-1形成为覆盖卷芯102的第一端102-1的端面的第一揉平面，第二极耳105-2形成为覆盖卷芯102的第一端102-2的端面的第一揉平面，可有效减小极耳与转接件连接部分对电池空间的占用，增加卷绕空间，进而提高电池单体100的能量密度，另外，揉平面可与转接件稳定连接，克服多极耳需对齐才能保证与转接片稳定连接的问题，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本。
本申请的第二方面提供了一种电池，包括上述第一方面任一项实施例中的电池单体100。
根据本申请实施例的电池，其电池单体100将卷芯102上的极耳105形成为覆盖卷芯102端面的揉平面，可减小极耳对电池空间的占用，增加卷绕空间，进而提高电池单体100的能量密度，克服相关技术中因极耳占用电池空间较大造成的电池能量的牺牲，另外，揉平面可与转接件稳定连接，克服多极耳需对齐才能保证与转接片稳定连接的问题，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本。
本申请的第三方面提出了用电装置，包括上述第二方面中的电池，电池用于为用电装置提供电能。
根据本申请实施例的用电装置，其电池的电池单体100将卷芯102上的极耳105形成为覆盖卷芯102端面的揉平面，可减小极耳对电池空间的占用，增加卷绕空间，进而提高电池单体100的能量密度，克服相关技术中因极耳占用电池空间较大造成的电池能量的牺牲，另外，揉平面可与转接件稳定连接，克服多极耳需对齐才能保证与转接片稳定连接的问题，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本。
本申请的第四方面提出了一种电池单体的制造方法，该方法包括：
提供壳体101，壳体101内填充电解液；
提供至少一个卷芯102，布置于壳体101内，每一卷芯102具有极耳105，至少一端的极耳105形成为覆盖于卷芯102端面的揉平面；
提供极柱103；以及
提供转接件104，转接件104连接极柱103和至少一个卷芯102的极耳105。
通过本申请实施例的电池单体的制造方法，所制造出的电池单体100，将卷芯102上的极耳105形成为覆盖卷芯102端面的揉平面，可减小极耳对电池空间的占用，增加卷绕空间，进而提高电池单体100的能量密度，克服相关技术中因极耳占用电池空间较大造成的电池能量的牺牲，另外，揉平面可与转接件稳定连接，克服多极耳需对齐才能保证与转接片稳定连接的问题，从而提高产线生产效率，降低电池制作成本。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
本申请的各个实施例均采用相关的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均包含在本申请的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种电池单体，其中，包括：
    壳体；
    至少一个卷芯，布置于所述壳体内，每一所述卷芯具有极耳，至少一端的所述极耳形成为覆盖所述卷芯的端面的揉平面；
    极柱；以及
    转接件，所述转接件连接所述极柱和所述至少一个卷芯的所述极耳。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述极耳包括布置在所述卷芯的第一端的第一极耳，以及布置在所述卷芯的第二端的第二极耳，所述第一极耳形成为覆盖于所述第一端的端面的第一揉平面，和/或所述第二极耳形成为覆盖于第二端的端面的第二揉平面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，所述卷芯由第一极片、第二极片以及位于所述第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜共同卷绕形成，所述第一极片具有第一集流体，所述第一集流体具有第一涂覆区和第一无涂覆区，所述第一无涂覆区位于所述卷芯的第一端，形成所述第一极耳，所述第二极片具有第二集流体，所述第二集流体具有第二涂覆区和第二无涂覆区，所述第二无涂覆区位于所述卷芯的第二端，形成所述第二极耳，
    其中，所述第一无涂覆区在揉平后沿所述卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，以使第一极耳形成为覆盖于所述第一端的端面的第一揉平面；
    和/或，所述第二无涂覆区在揉平后沿所述卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，以使第二极耳形成为覆盖于所述第二端的端面的第二揉平面。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，所述卷芯由第一极片、第二极片以及位于所述第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜共同卷绕形成，所述第一极片具有第一集流体，所述第一集流体具有第一涂覆区以及沿所述第一集流体长度方向间隔分布的若干第三无涂覆区，若干第三无涂覆区位于所述卷芯的第一端，形成所述第一极耳，所述第二极片具有第二集流体，所述第二集流体具有第二涂覆区以及沿所述第二集流体长度方向间隔分布的若干第四无涂覆区，若干第四无涂覆区位于所述卷芯的第二端，形成所述第二极耳；
    其中，所述若干第三无涂覆区在揉平后沿卷芯的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿所述卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，以使所述第一极耳形成为覆盖于所述第一端的端面的第一揉平面，
    和/或，所述若干第四无涂覆区在揉平后沿所述卷芯的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿所述卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，以使所述第二极耳形成为覆盖于所述第二端的端面的第二揉平面。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，所述卷芯由第一极片、第二极片以及位于所述第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜共同卷绕形成，所述第一极片具有第一集流体，所述第一集流体具有第一涂覆区和第一无涂覆区，所述第一无涂覆区位于所述卷芯的第一端，形成所述第一极耳，所述第二极片具有第二集流体，所述第二集流体具有第二涂覆区以及沿所述第二集流体长度方向间隔分布的若干第四无涂覆区，若干第四无涂覆区位于所述卷芯的第二端，形成所述第二极耳；
    其中，所述第一无涂覆区在揉平后沿所述卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，以使第一极耳形成为覆盖于所述第一端的端面的第一揉平面；
    和/或，所述若干第四无涂覆区在揉平后沿所述卷芯的卷绕方向依次搭接的同时，沿所述卷芯的外部向中心依次搭接，以使所述第二极耳形成为覆盖于所述第二端的端面的第二揉平面。
  6. 根据如权利要求2至5任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述转接件包括第一转接件和第二转接件，所述第一转接件搭接于所述至少一个卷芯的第一极耳上，所述第二转接件搭接于所述至少一个卷芯的第二极耳上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一转接件的靠近所述第一极耳的一侧设置第一凸起，所述第一凸起与所述第一极耳为过盈搭接；和/或，所述第二转接件的靠近所述第二极耳的一侧设置第二凸起，所述第二凸起与所述第二极耳为过盈搭接。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体，其中，所述极柱包括第一极柱和第二极柱，所述第一极柱和第二极柱同侧设置在所述壳体的外部，所述第一极柱与所述第一转接件连接，所述第二极柱与所述第二转接件连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一转接件的远离所述第一极柱的一侧形成第一台阶，所述第二转接件的远离所述第二极柱的一侧形成第二台阶。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述卷芯的横截面为椭圆形，所述卷芯的椭圆形横截面的长轴为l，短轴为w，短轴与长轴之比为0.1≤w/l＜1。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池单体，其中，短轴与长轴之比为0.5≤w/l＜1。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述卷芯的横截面为圆形。
  13. 根据权利要求3至5任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一揉平面和与之相邻的所述第一涂覆区的第一边缘之间的间距在2mm～3mm；所述第二揉平面和与之相邻的所述第二涂覆区的第二边缘之间的间距在2mm～3mm。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述壳体为方形壳体。
  15. 一种电池，其中，包括：根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的电池单体。
  16. 一种用电装置，其中，所述用电装置包括根据权利要求15所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
  17. 一种电池单体的制作方法，其中，包括以下步骤：
    提供壳体，所述壳体内填充电解液；
    提供至少一个卷芯，布置于所述壳体内，每一卷芯具有极耳，至少一端的所述极耳形成为覆盖于卷芯端面的揉平面；
    提供极柱；以及
    提供转接件，将转接件连接所述极柱和所述至少一个卷芯的所述极耳。
PCT/CN2023/071081 2022-01-21 2023-01-06 电池单体及其制作方法、电池、用电装置 WO2023138416A1 (zh)

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