WO2024087467A1 - 焊接夹具 - Google Patents

焊接夹具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024087467A1
WO2024087467A1 PCT/CN2023/081726 CN2023081726W WO2024087467A1 WO 2024087467 A1 WO2024087467 A1 WO 2024087467A1 CN 2023081726 W CN2023081726 W CN 2023081726W WO 2024087467 A1 WO2024087467 A1 WO 2024087467A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shell
wear
resistant layer
welding
welding fixture
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/081726
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄超群
钟光成
宋雷
赖忠林
李洪涛
陈胜东
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP23736220.7A priority Critical patent/EP4383413A1/en
Priority to US18/354,222 priority patent/US20240227091A9/en
Publication of WO2024087467A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024087467A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
    • B23K37/0435—Clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H01M50/169—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by welding, brazing or soldering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery manufacturing, and in particular, to a welding fixture.
  • end cap welding is an important process, which is to weld the end cap and shell of the battery cell.
  • the welding quality between the end cap and the shell has an important impact on the quality of the battery cell. Therefore, how to improve the quality of the battery cell has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of battery technology.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a welding fixture to improve the quality of battery cells.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a welding fixture, comprising a plurality of clamping parts, wherein the plurality of clamping parts are used to cooperate with and clamp the shell of a battery cell, the clamping parts comprising a main body part and a connecting part, the connecting part being detachably connected to the main body part; wherein a wear-resistant layer is connected to a surface of the connecting part facing the shell, and the wear-resistant layer is used to contact the shell.
  • the clamping part of the welding fixture cooperates with the clamping shell, and the clamping part can limit the wall of the shell, alleviate the deformation problem of the shell during welding, thereby improving the welding quality of the shell and the end cover, and thus improving the production quality of the battery cell.
  • the connecting part of the clamping part is provided with a wear-resistant layer for contacting with the shell. The wear-resistant layer contacts the shell to avoid direct contact between the clamping part and the shell, thereby avoiding wear of the clamping part caused by the clamping part, extending the service life of the fixture, and reducing the cost of maintenance and replacement of the welding fixture.
  • the provision of the wear-resistant layer can also alleviate the problem that the welding fixture scratches the shell, reduces the structural strength of the shell, and affects the appearance of the shell, further improving the quality of the battery cell.
  • the main body and the connecting part are detachably connected, so when the main body and the connecting part of the clamping part are partially damaged, only the damaged part can be replaced, and there is no need to replace the undamaged part, which can save costs.
  • the thickness of the wear-resistant layer is h, satisfying 0.1 mm ⁇ h ⁇ 1 mm.
  • the wear-resistant layer can be quickly worn and damaged, the service life is short, and frequent replacement is required, which increases the welding cost and reduces the welding efficiency.
  • the thickness h of the wear-resistant layer is too large, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer is large, which not only causes material waste and increases costs, but also increases the size of the welding fixture. Therefore, 0.1mm ⁇ h ⁇ 1mm can not only make the wear-resistant layer have a longer service life, reduce the replacement frequency, improve welding efficiency and reduce welding costs, but also ensure that the setting of the wear-resistant layer will not cause the size of the welding fixture to be too large.
  • the thickness h of the wear-resistant layer satisfies 0.1mm ⁇ h ⁇ 0.2mm, although the service life of the wear-resistant layer is extended relative to the case where the thickness h of the wear-resistant layer is less than 0.1mm, it is still not enough to meet the actual production requirements for wear resistance. If the thickness h of the wear-resistant layer satisfies 0.5mm ⁇ h ⁇ 1, although the thickness of the wear-resistant layer is relatively large and can increase the service life, for actual production, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer still makes the size of the welding fixture exceed the needs and conditions of actual production.
  • 0.2mm ⁇ h ⁇ 0.5mm is a better choice for actual production, which can not only make the wear-resistant layer have a longer service life, reduce the replacement frequency, improve welding efficiency and reduce welding costs, but also ensure that the setting of the wear-resistant layer will not cause the size of the welding fixture to be too large, thereby meeting the replacement cycle requirements of the wear-resistant layer and the size requirements of the welding fixture in actual production.
  • the material of the wear-resistant layer is one of Teflon, polybenzimidazole, polyamide-imide, polyimide and polyetheretherketone.
  • Teflon, polybenzimidazole, polyamide-imide, polyimide and polyetheretherketone all have good wear resistance and high temperature resistance.
  • the material of the wear-resistant layer is any one of them, which can make the wear-resistant layer have a longer service life, reduce the replacement frequency of the wear-resistant layer, reduce welding costs and improve welding efficiency.
  • the welding fixture further includes an adhesive layer, and the wear-resistant layer is bonded to the clamping portion through the adhesive layer.
  • the wear-resistant layer is bonded to the clamping part through the adhesive layer, so that the connection between the wear-resistant layer and the clamping part is simple and efficient, and has good connection stability.
  • the melting point of the adhesive layer is A, satisfying A ⁇ 180°C.
  • the melting point of the adhesive layer is low, the high temperature during the welding process can easily melt the adhesive layer, which not only makes the wear-resistant layer easy to fall off from the clamping part during the welding process, but also makes the molten adhesive layer adhere to the surface of the clamping part when the wear-resistant layer is removed from the clamping part, thereby contaminating the clamping part. Therefore, if A ⁇ 180°C, the adhesive layer is not easy to melt due to the welding temperature during the welding process, which is conducive to maintaining a stable connection between the wear-resistant layer and the clamping part, and after the wear-resistant layer is removed from the clamping part, the molten adhesive layer is not easy to adhere to the clamping part, so as to keep the clamping part clean.
  • the adhesive layer can withstand a higher temperature, the welding method with a welding temperature in this range may result in poor welding quality and thus insufficient welding strength of the battery cell shell and end cover. Therefore, A ⁇ 200°C is a better choice for actual production.
  • the adhesive layer can withstand a higher temperature, so a welding method with a higher welding temperature generated during the welding process can be used, which is beneficial to improving the welding quality of the shell and end cover and improving welding efficiency.
  • the main body has a first surface facing the shell, and the wear-resistant layer at least partially protrudes from the first surface.
  • the wear-resistant layer at least partially protrudes from the first surface, and the surface of the wear-resistant layer facing the shell is closer to the shell than the first surface, so that the wear-resistant layer contacts the shell, and the main body does not contact the shell, which can reduce the risk of contact wear between the main body and the shell.
  • the wear-resistant layer completely covers the surface of the connecting portion facing the shell.
  • the wear-resistant layer completely covers the surface of the connecting part facing the shell, which not only makes the wear-resistant layer have a larger surface in contact with the shell to better limit the deformation of the shell during the welding process, but also avoids the connection part from directly contacting the shell and causing wear when the clamping part clamps the shell.
  • the main body portion is provided with a receiving portion, and the receiving portion is used to receive at least a portion of the connecting portion.
  • the provision of the accommodating portion is beneficial to improving the connection stability between the connecting portion and the main body portion.
  • the welding fixture includes four clamping parts, two of which cooperate to clamp the shell along a first direction, and the other two of which cooperate to clamp the shell along a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the four clamping parts can cooperate with each other in directions perpendicular to each other to clamp the shell, so as to better limit the deformation of the shell during the welding process.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between a welding fixture and a housing of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing and an end cover of the battery cell in FIG2 ;
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure after the clamping portion and the wear-resistant layer are connected according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping portion provided with a wear-resistant layer according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a connection portion provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a main body provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell and the welding fixture provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of point B in FIG. 8 .
  • Icons 100-welding fixture; 10-clamping part; 11-main body; 111-first surface; 112-accommodating part; 113-third surface; 114-fourth surface; 115-fifth surface; 12-connecting part; 121-mounting hole; 122-second surface; 20-wear-resistant layer; 30-adhesive layer; 200-battery cell; 210-housing; 2101-opening; 220-end cover; 300-welding gun; 400-protective part.
  • the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application field of power batteries, the market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • the battery generally includes a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • Battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly, a housing, and an end cap and an electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator.
  • the battery cell mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode collector.
  • the positive electrode collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode collector may be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material may be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganese oxide, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode collector.
  • the negative electrode collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon, etc. In order to ensure that a large current can pass without melting, the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly may be a winding structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the shell has an opening, and the end cover is used to close the opening of the shell, so that the shell and the end cover together form a receiving space for receiving the electrode assembly.
  • the shell and the end cover are welded to achieve that the end cover covers the opening of the shell.
  • the shell may be deformed toward the outside of the shell due to the high temperature of welding or other reasons.
  • the shell can be clamped by multiple clamping parts of the welding fixture, and the clamping parts can limit the deformation of the shell.
  • the clamping part directly contacts the shell, which easily causes scratches on the shell, affecting the appearance of the battery cell and the structural strength of the shell, and further affecting the quality of the battery cell.
  • the inventors conducted in-depth research and designed a welding fixture.
  • the welding fixture includes multiple clamping parts that cooperate to clamp the shell, and a wear-resistant layer is provided on the clamping part for contacting the shell.
  • the clamping part is provided with a wear-resistant layer for contacting with the shell.
  • the wear-resistant layer contacts with the shell to avoid direct contact between the clamping part and the shell, thereby extending the service life of the clamp and reducing the cost of maintenance and replacement of the welding clamp.
  • the provision of the wear-resistant layer can also alleviate the problem of the welding clamp scratching the shell, thereby reducing the structural strength of the shell and affecting the appearance of the shell, and improve the quality of the battery cell.
  • the clamping part of the welding fixture cooperates with the clamping shell, and the clamping part can limit the wall of the shell, alleviating the deformation problem of the shell during welding, thereby improving the welding quality of the shell and the end cover, thereby improving the production quality of the battery cell.
  • the welding fixture disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be used for, but not limited to, welding of battery cell shells and end caps. It can also be used for welding of other products, such as vehicles, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, electric tools, battery cars, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc., which is helpful to alleviate structural deformation during welding, reduce the risk of welding clamp wear and reduce the risk of scratches on the welded structure, and improve the quality of the welded product.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a welding fixture 100, which includes a plurality of clamping parts 10, and the plurality of clamping parts 10 are used to cooperate with the shell 210 of the battery cell 200 to clamp; wherein the clamping part 10 is provided with a wear-resistant layer 20 (shown in Figure 4), and the wear-resistant layer 20 is used to contact with the shell 210.
  • the multiple clamping parts 10 cooperate to clamp the shell 210 of the battery cell 200 , and all the clamping parts 10 may clamp the shell 210 together, or some of the clamping parts 10 may clamp the shell 210 .
  • the shell 210 of the battery cell 200 is a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • each clamping part 10 is respectively against different side walls of the shell 210 to achieve common clamping of the shell 210, and all the clamping parts 10 are arranged around the opening 2101 of the shell 210.
  • this part of the clamping parts 10 can be respectively against two opposite side walls of the shell 210, thereby clamping the shell 210.
  • the end cover 220 covers the opening 2101 of the shell 210.
  • a protective member 400 is arranged on the side of the end cover 220 away from the shell 210 to protect the end cover 220.
  • the protective cover is arranged on the side of the end cover 220 away from the shell 210, and can also play a role in limiting the deformation of the end cover 220 during the welding process.
  • the welding gun 300 includes but is not limited to a laser welding gun 300 and an electric welding gun 300 .
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 is in direct contact with the shell 210.
  • the material of the wear-resistant layer 20 may be different from that of the clamping portion 10.
  • the wear resistance of the wear-resistant layer 20 may be better than that of the clamping portion 10.
  • the surface of the shell 210 opposite to the clamping portion 10 may only partially contact the corresponding wear-resistant layer 20. Since the closer the shell 210 is to the opening 2101, the greater the welding temperature should be, the easier it is to deform.
  • the position where the surface of the shell 210 contacts the wear-resistant layer 20 is closer to the opening 2101 of the shell 210. In this way, the clamping portion 10 can clamp the shell 210 in the area where the shell 210 is welded to the end cover 220, which can more effectively limit the deformation of the shell 210.
  • the surface of the shell 210 opposite to the clamping portion 10 may all contact the corresponding wear-resistant layer 20.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 and the housing 210 are frequently in contact and worn.
  • the hardness of the wear-resistant layer 20 can be weaker than the hardness of the material of the shell 210 , which can reduce the risk of the wear-resistant layer 20 scratching and damaging the shell 210 .
  • the clamping part 10 of the welding fixture 100 cooperates with the clamping shell 210, and the clamping part 10 can limit the wall of the shell 210, alleviate the deformation problem of the shell 210 during welding, thereby improving the welding quality of the shell 210 and the end cover 220, thereby improving the production quality of the battery cell 200.
  • the clamping part 10 is provided with a wear-resistant layer 20 for contacting with the shell 210.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 contacts the shell 210 to avoid direct contact between the clamping part 10 and the shell 210, thereby extending the service life of the fixture and reducing the cost of maintenance and replacement of the welding fixture 100.
  • the provision of the wear-resistant layer 20 can also alleviate the problem that the welding fixture 100 scratches the shell 210, thereby reducing the structural strength of the shell 210 and affecting the appearance of the shell 210, and further improve the quality of the battery cell 200.
  • main body 11 and the connecting portion 12 are detachably connected. Therefore, when parts of the main body 11 and the connecting portion 12 in the clamping portion 10 are damaged, only the damaged parts can be replaced without replacing the undamaged parts, which can save costs.
  • the thickness of the wear-resistant layer 20 is h, satisfying 0.1 mm ⁇ h ⁇ 1 mm.
  • the thickness of the wear-resistant layer 20 refers to the dimension of the wear-resistant layer 20 in the direction away from the corresponding clamping portion 10. h can be 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, etc.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 can be quickly worn and damaged, the service life is short, and frequent replacement is required, which increases the welding cost and reduces the welding efficiency. If the thickness h of the wear-resistant layer 20 is too large, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer 20 is large, which not only causes material waste and increases the cost, but also increases the size of the welding fixture 100. Therefore, 0.1mm ⁇ h ⁇ 1mm can not only make the wear-resistant layer 20 have a longer service life, reduce the replacement frequency, improve the welding efficiency and reduce the welding cost, but also make the setting of the wear-resistant layer 20 not cause the size of the welding fixture 100 to be too large.
  • h can be 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.27mm, 0.33mm, 0.35mm, 0.37mm, 0.43mm, 0.45mm, 0.47mm, 0.5mm, etc.
  • the thickness h of the wear-resistant layer 20 satisfies 0.1mm ⁇ h ⁇ 0.2mm, although the service life of the wear-resistant layer 20 is extended relative to the case where the thickness h of the wear-resistant layer 20 is less than 0.1mm, it is still not enough to meet the actual production requirements for wear resistance. If the thickness h of the wear-resistant layer 20 satisfies 0.5mm ⁇ h ⁇ 1, although the thickness of the wear-resistant layer 20 is large and can increase the service life, for actual production, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer 20 still makes the size of the welding fixture 100 exceed the needs and conditions of actual production.
  • 0.2mm ⁇ h ⁇ 0.5mm is a better choice for actual production, which can not only make the wear-resistant layer 20 have a longer service life, reduce the replacement frequency, improve welding efficiency and reduce welding costs, but also make the setting of the wear-resistant layer 20 not cause the size of the welding fixture 100 to be too large, thereby meeting the replacement cycle requirements of the wear-resistant layer 20 and the size requirements of the welding fixture 100 in actual production.
  • the material of the wear-resistant layer 20 can be an engineering plastic with excellent wear resistance.
  • the material of the wear-resistant layer 20 is one of Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene, Poly tetra fluoroethylene, abbreviated as PTFE)), polybenzimidazoles (Polybenzimidazoles, abbreviated as PBI), polyamide-imide (PAI), polyimide (Polyimide, abbreviated as PI)) and polyetheretherketone (Poly (ether-ether-ketone), abbreviated as PEEK).
  • Teflon polytetrafluoroethylene, Poly tetra fluoroethylene, abbreviated as PTFE
  • PBI polybenzimidazoles
  • PAI polyamide-imide
  • PI polyimide
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • the material of the wear-resistant layer 20 is Teflon, polybenzimidazole, polyamide-imide, polyimide or polyetheretherketone. It can also be that the wear-resistant layer 20 includes a plurality of stacked structural layers, each structural layer is made of a different material, and the material of each structural layer can be Teflon, polybenzimidazole, polyamide-imide, polyimide or polyetheretherketone.
  • the material of the wear-resistant layer 20 is any one of them, which can make the wear-resistant layer 20 have a longer service life, reduce the replacement frequency of the wear-resistant layer 20, reduce welding costs and improve welding efficiency.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 can be detachably disposed on the clamping portion 10 , for example, the wear-resistant layer 20 and the clamping portion 10 can be connected by snap connection, bolt connection, etc., so as to facilitate replacement of the wear-resistant layer 20 .
  • the welding fixture 100 further includes an adhesive layer 30 , and the wear-resistant layer 20 is bonded to the clamping portion 10 via the adhesive layer 30 .
  • the adhesive layer 30 may be an adhesive tape or a glue coated between the wear-resistant layer 20 and the clamping portion 10 and solidified.
  • the adhesive layer 30 may include vinyl acetate polymer latex adhesive, polyimide adhesive, and the like.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 to be replaced can be torn off from the clamping part 10. It can be understood that bonding the wear-resistant layer 20 to the clamping part 10 through the adhesive layer 30 is a way to achieve a detachable connection between the clamping part 10 and the wear-resistant layer 20.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 is bonded to the clamping portion 10 through the bonding layer 30, so that the connection between the wear-resistant layer 20 and the clamping portion 10 is simple and efficient, and has good connection stability.
  • the melting point of the adhesive layer 30 is A, satisfying A ⁇ 180°C.
  • the tape includes a tape carrier and adhesives attached to both sides of the tape carrier.
  • the melting points of the tape carrier and the adhesives attached to both sides of the tape carrier may both be greater than or equal to 180°C.
  • the adhesive layer 30 may include a silicone adhesive having a melting point of 1670° C.
  • the temperature of the shell 210 will increase during the welding process, which will cause the adhesive layer 30 to be in a high-temperature environment. If the melting point of the adhesive layer 30 is low, the high temperature during the welding process will easily melt the adhesive layer 30, which will not only make the wear-resistant layer 20 easy to fall off from the clamping part 10 during the welding process, but also make the molten adhesive layer 30 adhere to the surface of the clamping part 10 when the wear-resistant layer 20 is removed from the clamping part 10, thereby contaminating the clamping part 10.
  • the adhesive layer 30 will not easily melt due to the welding temperature during the welding process, which is conducive to maintaining a stable connection between the wear-resistant layer 20 and the clamping part 10, and after the wear-resistant layer 20 is removed from the clamping part 10, the molten adhesive layer 30 will not easily adhere to the clamping part 10, so as to keep the clamping part 10 clean.
  • A can be 200°C, 300°C, 400°C, 500°C, 600°C, 700°C, 800°C, 900°C, 1000°C, 1100°C, 1200°C, etc.
  • the adhesive layer 30 can withstand a higher temperature, the welding method with a welding temperature in this range may result in poor welding quality, resulting in insufficient welding strength between the shell 210 and the end cover 220 of the battery cell 200. Therefore, A ⁇ 200°C is a better choice for actual production.
  • the adhesive layer 30 can withstand a higher temperature, so a welding method with a higher welding temperature generated during the welding process can be used, which is beneficial to improving the welding quality of the shell 210 and the end cover 220 and improving the welding efficiency.
  • the structure of the clamping part 10 can be in various structural forms, for example, the clamping part 10 is a clamping block of an integrally formed structure.
  • the clamping part 10 includes a body part 11 and a connecting part 12, the connecting part 12 is detachably connected to the body part 11, and the wear-resistant layer 20 is connected to the surface of the connecting part 12 facing the shell 210.
  • connection portion 12 and the main body portion 11 can be detachably connected by bonding, bolting, clamping, etc.
  • the connection portion 12 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 121, and a connecting member (not shown in the figure) is inserted into the mounting holes 121, so that the main body portion 11 and the connection portion 12 are detachably connected through the connecting member.
  • the mounting hole 121 can be a threaded hole, and the connecting member can be a bolt or a screw.
  • the materials of the connecting member and the main body 11 can be the same or different.
  • the materials of the connecting member and the main body 11 can be steel, iron, aluminum, copper, etc.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 can be bonded to the surface of the connection portion 12 facing the shell 210 through the bonding layer 30.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 and the connection portion 12 are closer to the opening 2101 of the shell 210 than the main body 11, so that the wear-resistant layer 20 can contact the shell 210 at the opening 2101 of the shell 210 and limit the deformation of the area of the shell 210 close to the opening 2101.
  • the main body 11 and the connecting portion 12 are detachably connected. Therefore, when parts of the main body 11 and the connecting portion 12 in the clamping portion 10 are damaged, only the damaged parts can be replaced without replacing the undamaged parts, which can save costs.
  • the main body 11 has a first surface 111 facing the housing 210 , and the wear-resistant layer 20 at least partially protrudes from the first surface 111 .
  • the surface of the wear-resistant layer 20 facing the shell 210 is closer to the shell 210 than the first surface 111.
  • the surface of the shell 210 facing the first surface 111 is arranged at an interval (not in contact) with the first surface 111, which can reduce the friction between the main body 11 and the shell 210. The rubbing may cause the risk of abrasion of both the housing 210 and the main body 11 .
  • the surface of the wear-resistant layer 20 facing the shell 210 and the first surface 111 of the main body 11 facing the shell 210 can be flush (i.e., coplanar).
  • the first surface 111 can also contact the surface of the shell 210.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 completely covers the surface of the connecting portion 12 facing the housing 210 .
  • the surface of the connecting portion 12 facing the housing 210 is defined as the second surface 122, and the wear-resistant layer 20 covers the entire second surface 122.
  • the edge of the wear-resistant layer 20 may be flush with the edge of the second surface 122.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 may also exceed the edge of the second surface 122.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 completely covers the surface of the connecting part 12 facing the shell 210, which not only enables the wear-resistant layer 20 to have a larger surface in contact with the shell 210 to better limit the deformation of the shell 210 during the welding process, but also avoids the connection part 12 from directly contacting the shell 210 and causing wear when the clamping part 10 clamps the shell 210.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 may also only cover a portion of the surface of the connecting portion 12 facing the housing 210 .
  • the surface of the connecting portion 12 facing the housing 210 exceeds at least a portion of the edge of the wear-resistant layer 20 .
  • the main body 11 is provided with a receiving portion 112 .
  • the receiving portion 112 is used to receive at least a portion of the connecting portion 12 .
  • the receiving portion 112 may be a groove provided on the first surface 111 of the body portion 11 facing the housing 210 .
  • the body 11 also has a third surface 113, a fourth surface 114 and a fifth surface 115.
  • the third surface 113 and the fourth surface 114 are parallel and arranged opposite to each other.
  • the third surface 113 and the fourth surface 114 are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the fifth surface 115.
  • the third surface 113 and the fourth surface 114 are also respectively connected to the opposite ends of the first surface 111.
  • the third surface 113 and the fourth surface 114 are perpendicular to the fifth surface 115.
  • the fifth surface 115 is connected to the first surface 111.
  • the first surface 111, the third surface 113 and the fifth surface 115 are perpendicular to each other.
  • the groove runs through the third surface 113, the fourth surface 114 and the fifth surface 115.
  • the connecting portion 12 can be partially accommodated in the groove, or it can be fully accommodated in the groove. If at least a part of the connecting portion 12 is accommodated in the groove, the connecting portion 12 is embedded in the body 11, which can reduce the overall size of the clamping portion 10.
  • connection portion 12 may extend out of the groove only in a direction perpendicular to the third plane, or only in a direction perpendicular to the fifth plane, or only in a direction perpendicular to the first plane.
  • the connecting portion 12 may extend the groove only in a direction perpendicular to the third plane and extend the groove in a direction perpendicular to the fifth plane; the connecting portion 12 may extend the groove only in a direction perpendicular to the first plane and extend the groove in a direction perpendicular to the fifth plane; the connecting portion 12 may extend the groove only in a direction perpendicular to the first plane and extend the groove in a direction perpendicular to the third plane.
  • the connecting portion 12 may also extend out of the groove in a direction perpendicular to the third plane, in a direction perpendicular to the fifth plane, and in a direction perpendicular to the first plane.
  • the connecting portion 12 may extend out of the groove, or may be completely located in the groove.
  • connection portion 12 In the embodiment in which the connection portion 12 is completely located in the groove in the direction perpendicular to the first plane, the surface of the connection portion 12 facing the housing 210 in the direction perpendicular to the first plane may be flush (i.e. coplanar) with the first surface 111. In this case, the wear-resistant layer 20 is completely located outside the groove, and the wear-resistant layer 20 is completely protruding from the groove.
  • the surface of the connecting portion 12 facing the shell 210 may be farther away from the shell 210 relative to the first surface 111 along the direction perpendicular to the first plane.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 may partially extend into the groove and another part may extend outside the groove to protrude from the first surface 111.
  • the groove may also extend to a portion of the third surface 113, the fourth surface 114, and the fifth surface 115.
  • the groove only extends to the third surface 113, or only extends to the fifth surface 115, or only extends to the third surface 113 and the fifth surface 115.
  • the groove may not extend to any one of the third surface 113 , the fourth surface 114 , and the fifth surface 115 .
  • the accommodating portion 112 may also be formed in other ways.
  • the accommodating portion 112 is a cavity of a box detachably connected to the main body 11 and open on at least one side facing the shell.
  • the provision of the accommodating portion 112 is beneficial to improving the connection stability between the connecting portion 12 and the main body portion 11 .
  • the welding fixture 100 includes four clamping parts 10, two clamping parts 10 cooperate with the clamping housing 210 along a first direction, and the other two clamping parts 10 cooperate with the clamping housing 210 along a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.
  • Two clamping parts 10 are arranged opposite to each other in the first direction, and are respectively used to abut against two opposite side walls of the housing 210 in the first direction.
  • Another two clamping parts 10 are arranged opposite to each other in the second direction, and are respectively used to abut against two opposite side walls of the housing 210 in the second direction.
  • the side walls abutting against the clamping parts 10 are walls surrounding the opening 2101 of the housing 210.
  • the size of the clamping portion 10 may be different depending on the size of the side walls corresponding to the clamping portion 10. For example, the size of the two side walls opposite to each other in the first direction is smaller than the size of the two side walls opposite to each other in the second direction. In this case, the size of the clamping portion 10 that matches the clamping shell 210 along the first direction is smaller than the clamping portion 10 that matches the clamping shell 210 along the second direction, so that the clamping portion 10 matches the size of the corresponding side wall.
  • the four clamping parts 10 can clamp the housing 210 in pairs in directions perpendicular to each other, so as to better limit the deformation of the housing 210 during the welding process.
  • the welding fixture 100 further includes a plurality of driving members, which are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the clamping portion 10 , and the driving members are used to drive the clamping portion 10 to move so that the clamping portion 10 can cooperate with the clamping shell 210 or release the shell 210 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a welding fixture 100, which includes four clamping parts 10, two clamping parts 10 are arranged oppositely in a first direction, and the other two clamping parts 10 are arranged oppositely in a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • Each clamping part 10 includes a body part 11 and a connecting part 12, and a groove is provided on the first surface 111 of the body part 11 facing the housing 210, and the groove passes through the third surface 113, the fourth surface 114 and the fifth surface 115 connected to the first surface 111.
  • the body part 11 is detachably connected to the groove.
  • the wear-resistant layer 20 is bonded to the surface of the connecting part 12 facing the housing 210 through the adhesive layer 30.
  • the melting point A of the adhesive layer 30 is ⁇ 180°C.
  • the material of the wear-resistant layer 20 is one of Teflon, polybenzimidazole, polyamide-imide, polyimide and polyetheretherketone.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种焊接夹具，涉及电池制造技术领域。焊接夹具包括多个夹持部，多个夹持部用于配合夹持电池单体的壳体，夹持部包括本体部和连接部，连接部与本体部可拆卸连接；连接部面向壳体的表面连接有耐磨层。在电池单体壳体和端盖焊接的过程中，通过焊接夹具的夹持部配合夹持壳体，夹持部能够对壳体的壁起到限位作用，缓解焊接过程中壳体的变形问题，从而提高壳体和端盖的焊接质量，从而提高电池单体的生产质量。耐磨层与壳体接触，避免夹持部与壳体直接接触而导致夹持部产生磨损，延长夹具的使用寿命，降低焊接夹具维护和更换的成本。耐磨层的设置还能缓解焊接夹具刮花壳体而降低壳体的结构强度和影响壳体的外观的问题。

Description

焊接夹具
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2022年10月24日提交的名称为“焊接夹具”的中国专利申请202222800034.1的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池制造领域，具体而言，涉及一种焊接夹具。
背景技术
车辆使用在电池生产领域，端盖焊接是其中一道重要工序，其作用是将电池单体的端盖和壳体进行焊接。端盖和壳体之间的焊接质量对电池单体的质量有着重要的影响，因此，如何提高电池单体的质量成为电池技术领域亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种焊接夹具，以提高电池单体的质量。
本申请实施例提供一种焊接夹具，包括多个夹持部，所述多个夹持部用于配合夹持电池单体的壳体，所述夹持部包括本体部和连接部，所述连接部与所述本体部可拆卸连接；其中，所述连接部面向所述壳体的表面连接有耐磨层，所述耐磨层用于与所述壳体接触。
上述技术方案中，在实现电池单体的壳体和端盖焊接的过程中，通过焊接夹具的夹持部配合夹持壳体，夹持部能够对壳体的壁起到限位作用，缓解焊接过程中壳体的变形问题，从而提高壳体和端盖的焊接质量，从而提高电池单体的生产质量。夹持部的连接部设置有用于与壳体接触的耐磨层，通过耐磨层与壳体接触，避免夹持部与壳体直接接触而导致夹持部产生磨损，延长夹具的使用寿命，降低焊接夹具维护和更换的成本。耐磨层的设置还能缓解焊接夹具刮花壳体而降低壳体的结构强度和影响壳体的外观的问题，进一步提高电池单体的质量。此外，本体部和连接部可拆卸连接，则当夹持部中本体部和连接部的部分损坏之后可以仅更换损坏的部分，不需要将未损坏的部分也更换，能够节约成本。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述耐磨层的厚度为h，满足0.1mm≤h≤1mm。
上述技术方案中，若耐磨层的厚度h过小，则耐磨层能够很快被磨损损坏，使用周期较短，需要频繁更换，增加了焊接成本和降低了焊接效率。若耐磨层的厚度h过大，则耐磨层的厚度较大，不仅造成材料浪费，增加了成本，还增大了焊接夹具的尺寸。因此，0.1mm≤h≤1mm，既能使得耐磨层具有较长的使用周期，降低更换频率，提高焊接效率和降低焊接成本，还能使耐磨层的设置不会导致焊接夹具的尺寸过大。
在本申请的一些实施例中，0.2mm≤h≤0.5mm。
上述技术方案中，若耐磨层的厚度h满足0.1mm≤h＜0.2mm，虽然耐磨层的使用周期相对耐磨层的厚度h＜0.1mm的情况有所延长，但是还不足以满足实际的生产对耐磨性能的需求。若耐磨层的厚度h满足0.5mm＜h≤1，虽然耐磨层的厚度较大，能够提高使用寿命，但是对实际成产来说，该厚度的耐磨层还是使得焊接夹具的尺寸超出了实际生产的需要和条件。因此，0.2mm≤h≤0.5mm，对实际生产来说是更优的选择，既能使得耐磨层具有较长的使用周期，降低更换频率，提高焊接效率和降低焊接成本，还能使耐磨层的设置不会导致焊接夹具的尺寸过大，从而满足实际生产中对耐磨层的更换周期需求和焊接夹具的尺寸要求。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述耐磨层的材料为铁氟龙、聚苯并咪唑、聚酰胺-酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺和聚醚醚酮中的一种。
上述技术方案中，铁氟龙、聚苯并咪唑、聚酰胺-酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺和聚醚醚酮均具有较好的耐磨性能和耐高温性能，耐磨层的材质为其中的任意一种均能使得耐磨层具有较长的使用周期，降低耐磨层的更换频率，能够降低焊接成本和提高焊接效率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述焊接夹具还包括粘接层，所述耐磨层通过所述粘接层粘接于所述夹持部。
上述技术方案中，耐磨层通过粘接层粘接于夹持部，以使耐磨层和夹持部之间的连接方式简单、高效，并且具有较好的连接稳定性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述粘接层的熔点为A，满足A≥180℃。
上述技术方案中，若是粘接层的熔点较低，焊接过程中的高温很容易使粘接层熔融，不仅使得焊接过程中耐磨层容易从夹持部脱落，还使得将耐磨层从夹持部上取下时，熔融的粘接层会附着在夹持部的表面，污染夹持部。因此，A≥180℃，则焊接过程，粘接层不容易因焊接温度熔融，从而有利于耐磨层和夹持部保持稳定的连接关系，以及在耐磨层从夹持部上取下后，夹持部上不容易附着熔融的粘接层，以保持夹持部的清洁。
在本申请的一实施例中，A≥200℃。
上述技术方案中，若180℃≤A＜200℃，虽然粘接层能够承受的温度较高，但是焊接温度在该范围的焊接方式可能导致焊接质量不好从而导致电池单体的壳体和端盖焊接强度不足。因此，A≥200℃，对实际生产来说是更优的选择，焊接过程，粘接层能够承受更高的温度，因此可以采用焊接过程中会产生的较高焊接温度的焊接方式，有利于提高壳体和端盖的焊接质量和提高焊接效率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述本体部具有面向所述壳体的第一表面，所述耐磨层至少部分凸出于所述第一表面。
上述技术方案中，耐磨层至少部分凸出于第一表面，则耐磨层面向壳体的表面相对第一表面更加靠近壳体，以使耐磨层和壳体接触，本体部不会与壳体接触，能够降低本体部与壳体接触磨损的风险。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述耐磨层完全覆盖所述连接部面向所述壳体的表面。
上述技术方案中，耐磨层完全覆盖连接部面向壳体的表面，不仅使得耐磨层具有更大的与壳体接触的表面，以更好的限制壳体在焊接过程中发生形变，还能避免夹持部夹持壳体的过程中连接部与壳体直接接触而产生磨损。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述本体部设有容纳部，所述容纳部用于容纳所述连接部的至少一部分。
上述技术方案中，容纳部的设置有利于提高连接部和本体部的连接稳定性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述焊接夹具包括四个所述夹持部，两个所述夹持部沿第一方向配合夹持所述壳体，另两个所述夹持部沿第二方向配合夹持所述壳体，所述第一方向和所述第二方向垂直。
上述技术方案中，四个夹持部能够两两在相互垂直的方向上配合夹持壳体，以更好的限制壳体在焊接过程中的形变。
附图说明
为了为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的焊接夹具与电池单体的壳体配合的示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的结构示意图；
图3为图2中电池单体的壳体和端盖的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的夹持部和耐磨层连接后的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的设有耐磨层的夹持部的结构示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的连接部的结构示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的本体部的结构示意图；
图8为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池单体和焊接夹具配合的结构示意图；
图9为图8中B处的放大图。
图标：100-焊接夹具；10-夹持部；11-本体部；111-第一表面；112-容纳部；113-第三表面；114-第四表面；115-第五表面；12-连接部；121-安装孔；122-第二表面；20-耐磨层；30-粘接层；200-电池单体；210-壳体；2101-开口；220-端盖；300-焊枪；400-保护件。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围，而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本申请实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，指示方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该申请产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，或者是本领域技术人员惯常理解的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
电池单体包括电极组件、壳体和端盖和电极组件。
电极组件由正极片、负极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动来工作。正极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的 材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
壳体具有开口，端盖用于封闭壳体的开口，以使壳体和端盖共同形成容纳电极组件的容纳空间。
一般地，壳体和端盖焊接，以实现端盖封盖壳体的开口，在焊接过程中，因焊接的高温或者其他原因，可能导致壳体向壳体的外侧形变。为了缓解壳体在焊接过程中变形的问题，在焊接过程中，可以通过焊接夹具的多个夹持部配合夹持壳体，夹持部能够限制壳体变形。
然而，发明人发现，在生产过程中，夹持部由于频繁与壳体的外表面发生挤压、摩擦，导致夹持部容易因磨损损坏，增加生产成本。且夹持部直接接触壳体，容易使壳体产生划痕，影响电池单体的外观和壳体的结构强度，进而影响电池单体的质量。
基于上述考虑，为了缓解生产过程中夹持部的磨损和夹持部使壳体产生划痕的问题，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种焊接夹具，焊接夹具包括配合夹持壳体的多个夹持部，夹持部上设置用于与壳体接触的耐磨层。
夹持部设置有用于与壳体接触的耐磨层，通过耐磨层与壳体接触，避免夹持部与壳体直接接触而导致夹持部产生磨损，延长夹具的使用寿命，降低焊接夹具维护和更换的成本。耐磨层的设置还能缓解焊接夹具刮花壳体而降低壳体的结构强度和影响壳体的外观的问题，提高电池单体的质量。
此外，在实现电池单体的壳体和端盖焊接的过程中，通过焊接夹具的夹持部配合夹持壳体，夹持部能够对壳体的壁起到限位作用，缓解焊接过程中壳体的变形问题，从而提高壳体和端盖的焊接质量，从而提高电池单体的生产质量。
本申请实施例公开的焊接夹具可以但不限用电池单体的壳体和端盖的焊接作业。也可以用于其他的产品焊接，比如用于车辆、手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等焊接作业，有利于缓解并焊接过程中结构变形、降低焊接夹持磨损的风险和降低被焊接的结构出现划痕的风险，提升被焊接产品的质量。
如图1所示，本申请实施例提供一种焊接夹具100，焊接夹具100包括多个夹持部10，多个夹持部10用于配合夹持电池单体200的壳体210；其中，夹持部10设置有耐磨层20(图4中示出)，耐磨层20用于与壳体210接触。
多个是指两个及两个以上。多个夹持部10配合夹持电池单体200的壳体210，可以是所有夹持部10共同夹持壳体210，也可以是所有夹持部10中的一部分夹持部10夹持壳体210。
示例性的，如图1、图2、图3所示，电池单体200的壳体210为长方体，在所有夹持部10配合夹持壳体210的实施例中，各个夹持部10分别与壳体210不同的侧壁相抵，以实现共同夹持壳体210，所有夹持部10围绕壳体210的开口2101设置。在所有夹持部10中的一部分配合夹持壳体210的实施例中，这部分夹持部10可以分别与壳体210相对的两个侧壁相，从而夹持壳体210。端盖220盖合在壳体210的开口2101上，为了降低焊枪300焊接过程中损坏端盖220，在端盖220背离壳体210的一侧设置保护件400，以保护端盖220。保护盖设置在端盖220背离壳体210的一侧，也能起到限制端盖220在焊接过程中变形的作用。焊枪300包括但不限于激光焊枪300、电焊枪300。
耐磨层20与壳体210直接接触。耐磨层20的材料可以与夹持部10不同。耐磨层20的耐磨性能可以优于夹持部10。壳体210与夹持部10相对的表面可以仅部分与对应的耐磨层20接触，由于壳体210越靠近开口2101的位置受到焊接温度的应该越大，越容易出现变形，壳体210的表面与耐磨层20接触的位置较为靠近壳体210的开口2101，这样使得夹持部10能够在壳体210与端盖220焊接的区域夹持壳体210，能够更有效的限制壳体210变形。当然，壳体210与夹持部10相对的表面可以全部与对应的耐磨层20接触。
在夹持部10夹持壳体210的过程中，耐磨层20与壳体210频繁接触、磨损。耐磨层20 的硬度相对壳体210的材质的硬度可以更弱，这样能够降低耐磨层20刮花壳体210和刮损壳体210的风险。
在实现电池单体200的壳体210和端盖220焊接的过程中，通过焊接夹具100的夹持部10配合夹持壳体210，夹持部10能够对壳体210的壁起到限位作用，缓解焊接过程中壳体210的变形问题，从而提高壳体210和端盖220的焊接质量，从而提高电池单体200的生产质量。夹持部10设置有用于与壳体210接触的耐磨层20，通过耐磨层20与壳体210接触，避免夹持部10与壳体210直接接触而导致夹持部10产生磨损，延长夹具的使用寿命，降低焊接夹具100维护和更换的成本。耐磨层20的设置还能缓解焊接夹具100刮花壳体210而降低壳体210的结构强度和影响壳体210的外观的问题，进一步提高电池单体200的质量。
此外，本体部11和连接部12可拆卸连接，则当夹持部10中本体部11和连接部12的部分损坏之后可以仅更换损坏的部分，不需要将未损坏的部分也更换，能够节约成本。
如图4所示，在一些实施例中，耐磨层20的厚度为h，满足0.1mm≤h≤1mm。
耐磨层20的厚度是指耐磨层20沿背离对应的夹持部10的方向上的尺寸。h可以是0.1mm、0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1mm等。
若耐磨层20的厚度h过小，则耐磨层20能够很快被磨损损坏，使用周期较短，需要频繁更换，增加了焊接成本和降低了焊接效率。若耐磨层20的厚度h过大，则耐磨层20的厚度较大，不仅造成材料浪费，增加了成本，还增大了焊接夹具100的尺寸。因此，0.1mm≤h≤1mm，既能使得耐磨层20具有较长的使用周期，降低更换频率，提高焊接效率和降低焊接成本，还能使耐磨层20的设置不会导致焊接夹具100的尺寸过大。
在一些实施例中，0.2mm≤h≤0.5mm。
h可以是0.2mm、0.25mm、0.27mm、0.33mm、0.35mm、0.37mm、0.43mm、0.45mm、0.47mm、0.5mm等。
若耐磨层20的厚度h满足0.1mm≤h＜0.2mm，则虽然耐磨层20的使用周期相对耐磨层20的厚度h＜0.1mm的情况有所延长，但是还不足以满足实际的生产对耐磨性能的需求。若耐磨层20的厚度h满足0.5mm＜h≤1，虽然耐磨层20的厚度较大，能够提高使用寿命，但是对实际成产来说，该厚度的耐磨层20还是使得焊接夹具100的尺寸超出了实际生产的需要和条件。因此，0.2mm≤h≤0.5mm，对实际生产来说是更优的选择，既能使得耐磨层20具有较长的使用周期，降低更换频率，提高焊接效率和降低焊接成本，还能使耐磨层20的设置不会导致焊接夹具100的尺寸过大，从而满足实际生产中对耐磨层20的更换周期需求和焊接夹具100的尺寸要求。
耐磨层20的材质可以是耐磨性能优异的工程塑料。在一些实施例中，耐磨层20的材料为铁氟龙(聚四氟乙烯，Poly tetra fluoroethylene，简写为PTFE))、聚苯并咪唑(Polybenzimidazoles，简写为PBI)、聚酰胺-酰亚胺(PAI)、聚酰亚胺(Polyimide，简写为PI))和聚醚醚酮(Poly(ether-ether-ketone)，简写为PEEK)中的一种。
可以理解为，耐磨层20的材料为铁氟龙、聚苯并咪唑、聚酰胺-酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺或聚醚醚酮。也可以是耐磨层20包括层叠设置的多个结构层，每个结构层的材质不同，每个结构层的材质可以是铁氟龙、聚苯并咪唑、聚酰胺-酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺或聚醚醚酮。
铁氟龙、聚苯并咪唑、聚酰胺-酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺和聚醚醚酮均具有较好的耐磨性能和耐高温性能，耐磨层20的材质为其中的任意一种均能使得耐磨层20具有较长的使用周期，降低耐磨层20的更换频率，能够降低焊接成本和提高焊接效率。
耐磨层20设置于夹持部10可以采用可拆卸的方式设置于夹持部10，比如通过卡扣连接、螺栓连接等方式实现耐磨层20和夹持部10连接，便于更换耐磨层20。
在一些实施例中，焊接夹具100还包括粘接层30，耐磨层20通过粘接层30粘接于夹持部10。
粘接层30可以是胶带或者是涂覆在耐磨层20和夹持部10之间的胶凝固后形成。粘接层30可以包括醋酸乙烯基聚合物乳胶粘结剂、聚酰亚胺型粘结剂等。
在需要更换耐磨层20时，将需要更换的耐磨层20从夹持部10撕下即可。可以理解为，通过粘接层30将耐磨层20粘接于夹持部10是实现夹持部10和耐磨层20可拆卸连接的一种方式。
耐磨层20通过粘接层30粘接于夹持部10，以使耐磨层20和夹持部10之间的连接方式简单、高效，并且具有较好的连接稳定性。
在一些实施例中，粘接层30的熔点为A，满足A≥180℃。
在粘接层30为胶带的实施例中，胶带包括带状载体和附着在带状载体的两侧的粘接剂，则带状载体的熔点和附着在带状载体的两侧的粘接剂的熔点均可以大于或者等于180℃。
A可以为180℃、280℃、380℃、480℃、580℃、680℃、780℃、880℃、980℃、1080℃、1180℃等。示例性的，粘接层30可以包括硅胶粘接剂，熔点为1670℃。
由于耐磨层20要与壳体210接触，焊接过程中，壳体210的温度会因焊接升高，则导致粘接层30处于高温环境下。若是粘接层30的熔点较低，焊接过程中的高温很容易使粘接层30熔融，不仅使得焊接过程中耐磨层20容易从夹持部10脱落，还使得将耐磨层20从夹持部10上取下时，熔融的粘接层30会附着在夹持部10的表面，污染夹持部10。因此，A≥180℃，则焊接过程，粘接层30不容易因焊接温度熔融，从而有利于耐磨层20和夹持部10保持稳定的连接关系，以及在耐磨层20从夹持部10上取下后，夹持部10上不容易附着熔融的粘接层30，以保持夹持部10的清洁。
进一步地，A≥200℃。
A可以是200℃、300℃、400℃、500℃、600℃、700℃、800℃、900℃、1000℃、1100℃、1200℃等。
若180℃≤A＜200℃，虽然粘接层30能够承受的温度较高，但是焊接温度在该范围的焊接方式可能导致焊接质量不好从而导致电池单体200的壳体210和端盖220焊接强度不足。因此，A≥200℃，对实际生产来说是更优的选择，焊接过程，粘接层30能够承受更高的温度，因此可以采用焊接过程中会产生的较高焊接温度的焊接方式，有利于提高壳体210和端盖220的焊接质量和提高焊接效率。
夹持部10的结构可以是多种结构形式，比如，夹持部10为一体成型结构的夹持块。再比，如图5、图6所示，在一些实施例中，夹持部10包括本体部11和连接部12，连接部12与本体部11可拆卸连接，耐磨层20连接于连接部12面向壳体210的表面。
连接部12和本体部11可以通过粘接、螺栓连接、卡接等方式实现可拆卸连接。如图5、图6、图7所示，连接部12上设置有多个安装孔121，连接件(图中未示出)穿设于安装孔121内，以使本体部11和连接部12通过连接件可拆卸连接。安装孔121可以为螺纹孔，连接件可以为螺栓或螺钉。
连接件和本体部11的材质可以相同，也可以不同。连接件和本体部11的材质可是钢、铁、铝、紫铜等。
在本实施例中，耐磨层20可以通过粘接层30粘接于连接部12面向壳体210的表面。焊接过程中，耐磨层20和连接部12相对本体部11更加靠近壳体210的开口2101，以使耐磨层20能够在壳体210的开口2101处与壳体210接触，并限制壳体210靠近开口2101的区域发生形变。
本体部11和连接部12可拆卸连接，则当夹持部10中本体部11和连接部12的部分损坏之后可以仅更换损坏的部分，不需要将未损坏的部分也更换，能够节约成本。
如图8、图9所示，在一些实施例中，本体部11具有面向壳体210的第一表面111，耐磨层20至少部分凸出于第一表面111。
由于耐磨层20至少部分凸出于第一表面111，则耐磨层20面向壳体210的表面相对第一表面111更加靠近壳体210，耐磨层20面向壳体210的表面与壳体210的表面接触时，壳体210的面向第一表面111的表面和第一表面111间隔布置(不接触)，能够降低本体部11与壳体210摩 擦使壳体210和本体部11均产生磨损的风险。
当然，在另一些实施例中，耐磨层20面向壳体210的表面和本体部11面向壳体210的第一表面111可以平齐(即共面)，在壳体210面向耐磨层20的表面足够大的情况下，耐磨层20面向壳体210的表面与壳体210的表面接触时，第一表面111也可以与壳体210的表面接触。
在一些实施例中，耐磨层20完全覆盖连接部12面向壳体210的表面。
定义连接部12面向壳体210的表面为第二表面122，耐磨层20覆盖第二表面122的全部。耐磨层20的边缘可以与第二表面122的边缘平齐。耐磨层20也可以超出第二表面122的边缘。
耐磨层20完全覆盖连接部12面向壳体210的表面，不仅使得耐磨层20具有更大的与壳体210接触的表面，以更好的限制壳体210在焊接过程中发生形变，还能避免夹持部10夹持壳体210的过程中连接部12与壳体210直接接触而产生磨损。
当然，在另一些实施例中，耐磨层20也可以仅覆盖连接部12面向壳体210的表面的一部分。连接部12面向壳体210的表面超出耐磨层20的至少一部分边缘。
请继续参见图6-图9，在一些实施例中，本体部11设有容纳部112，容纳部112用于容纳连接部12的至少一部分。
如图7所示，容纳部112可以是设置在本体部11面向壳体210的第一表面111上的凹槽。
本体部11还具有第三表面113、第四表面114和第五表面115，第三表面113和第四表面114平行，第三表面113和第四表面114相对布置，第三表面113和第四表面114分别连接于第五表面115相对的两端，第三表面113和第四表面114还分别连接于第一表面111相对的两端，第三表面113和第四表面114均与第五表面115垂直。第五表面115连接于第一表面111。第一表面111、第三表面113和第五表面115两两垂直。凹槽贯穿第三表面113、第四表面114和第五表面115。连接部12可以是一部分容纳于凹槽内，也可以是全部容纳于凹槽内。连接部12至少一部分容纳于凹槽，则连接部12嵌入本体部11内，能够减小夹持部10的整体尺寸。
在连接部12只有一部分容纳于凹槽的实施例中，连接部12可以仅沿垂直第三平面的方向延伸出凹槽，或者仅沿垂直第五平面的方向延伸出凹槽，或者仅沿垂直第一平面的方向延伸出凹槽。
在连接部12只有一部分容纳于凹槽的实施例中，连接部12可以仅沿垂直第三平面的方向延伸出凹槽和沿垂直第五平面的方向均延伸出凹槽；连接部12可以仅沿垂直第一平面的方向延伸出凹槽和沿垂直第五平面的方向均延伸出凹槽；连接部12可以仅沿垂直第一平面的方向延伸出凹槽和沿垂直第三平面的方向均延伸出凹槽。
在连接部12只有一部分容纳于凹槽的实施例中，连接部12也可以沿垂直第三平面的方向、沿垂直第五平面的方向和沿垂直第一平面的方向均延伸出凹槽。
沿垂直第一平面的方向，连接部12可以延伸出凹槽，也可以完全位于凹槽内。
在垂直第一平面的方向，连接部12完全位于凹槽内的实施例中，沿垂直第一平面的方向，连接部12面向壳体210的表面可以与第一表面111平齐(即共面)。这种情况下，耐磨层20完全位于凹槽外，则耐磨层20全部凸出于凹槽。
在垂直第一平面的方向，连接部12完全位于凹槽内的实施例中，沿垂直第一平面的方向，连接部12面向壳体210的表面相对第一表面111可以更远离壳体210，这种情况下，在垂直第一平面的方向上，耐磨层20可以部分延伸至凹槽内，另一部分延伸至凹槽外以凸出于第一表面111。
在另一些实施例中，凹槽也可以延伸至第三表面113、第四表面114和第五表面115中的一部分。比如凹槽仅延伸至第三表面113，或者仅延伸至第五表面115，或者仅延伸至第三表面113和第五表面115。
在另一些实施例中，凹槽也可以不延伸至第三表面113、第四表面114和第五表面115中的任意一者。
当然，在另一些实施例中，容纳部112也可以是以其他方式形成，比如，容纳部112为可拆卸地连接于本体部11上的箱体至少面向壳体的一侧开放的空腔。
容纳部112的设置有利于提高连接部12和本体部11的连接稳定性。
在一些实施例中，焊接夹具100包括四个夹持部10，两个夹持部10沿第一方向配合夹持壳体210，另两个夹持部10沿第二方向配合夹持壳体210，第一方向和第二方向垂直。
两个夹持部10在第一方向相对布置，分别用于与壳体210在第一方向的相对的两个侧壁相抵。另外两个夹持部10在第二方向相对布置，分别用于与壳体210在第二方向的相对的两个侧壁相抵。与夹持部10相抵的侧壁为围成壳体210的开口2101的壁。
根据夹持部10对应的侧壁的大小不同，夹持部10的尺寸可以不同，比如，在第一方向相对的两个侧壁的尺寸小于在第二方向上相对的两个侧壁的尺寸，则沿第一方向配合夹持壳体210的夹持部10的尺寸小于沿第二方向配合夹持壳体210的夹持部10，以使夹持部10与对应的侧壁的尺寸匹配。
四个夹持部10能够两两在相互垂直的方向上配合夹持壳体210，以更好的限制壳体210在焊接过程中的形变。
在一些实施例中，焊接夹具100还包括多个驱动件，驱动件与夹持部10一一对应设置，驱动件用于驱动夹持部10运动，以使夹持部10能够配合夹持壳体210或者释放壳体210。
本申请实施例提供一种焊接夹具100，焊接夹具100包括四个夹持部10，两个夹持部10在第一方向相对布置，另外两个夹持部10在第二方向相对布置第一方向垂直第二方向。每个夹持部10包括本体部11和连接部12，本体部11面向壳体210的第一表面111设置有凹槽，凹槽贯穿与第一表面111相连的第三表面113、第四表面114和第五表面115。本体部11可拆卸地连接于凹槽内。耐磨层20通过粘接层30粘接与连接部12面向壳体210的表面。沿垂直第一表面111的方向，耐磨层20的至少部分延伸出凹槽，以使耐磨层20凸出第一表面111。粘接层30的熔点A≥180℃。耐磨层20的材质为铁氟龙、聚苯并咪唑、聚酰胺-酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺和聚醚醚酮中的一者。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种焊接夹具，包括：
    多个夹持部，所述多个夹持部用于配合夹持电池单体的壳体，所述夹持部包括本体部和连接部，所述连接部与所述本体部可拆卸连接；
    其中，所述连接部面向所述壳体的表面连接有耐磨层，所述耐磨层用于与所述壳体接触。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的焊接夹具，其中，所述耐磨层的厚度为h，满足0.1mm≤h≤1mm。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的焊接夹具，其中，0.2mm≤h≤0.5mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的焊接夹具，其中，所述耐磨层的材料为铁氟龙、聚苯并咪唑、聚酰胺-酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺和聚醚醚酮中的一种。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的焊接夹具，其中，所述焊接夹具还包括粘接层，所述耐磨层通过所述粘接层粘接于所述夹持部。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的焊接夹具，其中，所述粘接层的熔点为A，满足A≥180℃。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的焊接夹具，其中，A≥200℃。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的焊接夹具，其中，所述本体部具有面向所述壳体的第一表面，所述耐磨层至少部分凸出于所述第一表面。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的焊接夹具，其中，所述耐磨层完全覆盖所述连接部面向所述壳体的表面。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的焊接夹具，其中，所述本体部设有容纳部，所述容纳部用于容纳所述连接部的至少一部分。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的焊接夹具，其中，所述焊接夹具包括四个所述夹持部，两个所述夹持部沿第一方向配合夹持所述壳体，另两个所述夹持部沿第二方向配合夹持所述壳体，所述第一方向和所述第二方向垂直。
PCT/CN2023/081726 2022-10-24 2023-03-15 焊接夹具 WO2024087467A1 (zh)

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CN215280380U (zh) * 2021-04-14 2021-12-24 昆山宝创新能源科技有限公司 电池封壳夹具
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JP2012161876A (ja) * 2011-02-07 2012-08-30 Canon Inc 把持装置
CN205111705U (zh) * 2015-11-27 2016-03-30 东营瑞奥工贸有限责任公司 一种无牙痕拆卸扳手
CN209127625U (zh) * 2018-11-03 2019-07-19 无锡先导智能装备股份有限公司 一种夹爪、夹送机构及电池制造设备
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CN218385464U (zh) * 2022-10-24 2023-01-24 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 焊接夹具

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