WO2024083083A1 - 电池和用电装置 - Google Patents

电池和用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024083083A1
WO2024083083A1 PCT/CN2023/124782 CN2023124782W WO2024083083A1 WO 2024083083 A1 WO2024083083 A1 WO 2024083083A1 CN 2023124782 W CN2023124782 W CN 2023124782W WO 2024083083 A1 WO2024083083 A1 WO 2024083083A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
battery
bottom wall
support beam
battery cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/124782
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐晨怡
唐彧
李星
张辰辰
黄小腾
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024083083A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024083083A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/691—Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings; Cleaning battery or cell casings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery and an electrical device.
  • the battery has a pressure relief mechanism, but the pressure relief mechanism is the weak position of the battery, that is, the electrolyte in the battery is easy to leak at the pressure relief mechanism or the shell welding point, and if the leaked electrolyte cannot be discharged in time, it will cause the battery insulation failure. Therefore, how to achieve the discharge of electrolyte after leakage is a problem that needs to be solved.
  • the present application provides a battery and an electrical device, which can solve the drainage problem after electrolyte leakage to avoid insulation failure of the battery.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, comprising: a box body, a housing chamber is provided in the box body; a battery cell is provided in the housing chamber, and the battery cell is provided with a pressure relief mechanism; a support beam, the support beam is provided in the housing chamber, and the support beam is provided with a drainage chamber and a liquid inlet, and the liquid inlet is connected to the drainage chamber, so that liquid in the battery cell discharged into the housing chamber through the pressure relief mechanism can be discharged from the liquid inlet into the drainage chamber.
  • a support beam is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and a drainage cavity and a liquid inlet are provided on the support beam.
  • the liquid inlet is arranged below the pressure relief mechanism.
  • the height of the liquid inlet By setting the height of the liquid inlet lower than the height of the pressure relief mechanism, the height of the liquid in the receiving chamber does not reach When the liquid reaches the pressure relief mechanism, it can enter the liquid discharge cavity from the liquid inlet, which is convenient for improving the liquid discharge efficiency and can avoid the accumulation of too high a height of liquid in the accommodating cavity, which may cause electrical connection between battery cells and more effectively avoid insulation failure of the battery.
  • the drainage cavity is provided with a first drainage port
  • the inner bottom wall of the accommodating cavity is provided with a second drainage port
  • the second drainage port is communicated with the first drainage port
  • the liquid entering the drain cavity can be discharged through the first and second drain ports in sequence, so as to facilitate the discharge of the liquid in the drain cavity and prevent the liquid from accumulating in the drain cavity and leaking back into the accommodating cavity.
  • the first drain port and the second drain port are arranged opposite to each other along the height direction of the support beam. Such a design makes the distance between the first drain port and the second drain port smaller, so that the liquid can flow directly to the second drain port after being discharged from the first drain port and be discharged from the second drain port, thereby improving the discharge efficiency of the liquid.
  • the box body further includes a second bottom wall, the second bottom wall is located at the lower side of the inner bottom wall, a liquid collecting chamber is defined between the second bottom wall and the inner bottom wall, and the second liquid drain port is connected to the liquid collecting chamber.
  • a liquid collecting chamber is defined between the second bottom wall and the inner bottom wall, and the second liquid discharge port is connected to the liquid collecting chamber, so that the liquid discharged from the second liquid discharge port can flow into the liquid collecting chamber, that is, the liquid collecting chamber can temporarily store and collect the liquid discharged from the second liquid discharge port, which is convenient for the collection of the liquid, and can relieve the liquid pressure in the liquid discharge chamber, reduce the liquid height in the liquid discharge chamber, and avoid the accumulation of liquid in the liquid discharge chamber and leakage back into the box body.
  • the liquid collecting chamber is provided with a third liquid drain port, and the third liquid drain port is used to drain the liquid.
  • the third liquid drain port is used to drain the liquid.
  • a blocking member is further included, and the blocking member is movably and/or detachably disposed on the second bottom wall to open or close the third liquid discharge port.
  • the third liquid drain port can be selectively opened or closed, so that when the third liquid drain port needs to be closed, the third liquid drain port can be closed by the sealing piece to ensure the air tightness of the liquid collecting chamber and avoid leakage of the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber.
  • the third liquid drain port can be opened by the sealing piece to discharge the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber.
  • the blocking member is configured to open the third liquid drain port when the weight of the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber reaches a set threshold, and to close the third liquid drain port when the weight of the liquid is lower than the set threshold.
  • This design uses the weight of the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber as a judgment condition for the plugging member to open or close the third liquid discharge port, that is, when the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber collects liquid and the weight of the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber reaches a set threshold, the plugging member automatically opens the third liquid discharge port to discharge the liquid out of the battery pack, and after the liquid is discharged, the weight of the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber drops below the set threshold.
  • the blocking member automatically closes the third liquid discharge port, thereby not affecting the air tightness of the liquid collecting chamber.
  • the blocking member includes a movable member and an elastic reset member
  • the elastic reset member is respectively connected to the movable member and the second bottom wall, so that the movable member can switch between a state of opening the third liquid discharge port and a state of closing the third liquid discharge port.
  • the blocking member as an elastic reset member and a movable member
  • the elastic reset member can drive the movable member to move to open the third liquid discharge port, and when it is not necessary to discharge the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber, the movable member can automatically reset under the elastic force of the elastic reset member to close the third liquid discharge port, thereby not affecting the air tightness of the liquid collecting chamber.
  • a portion of the blocking member is formed as an elastic member, and the elastic member is configured to close the third liquid discharge port when attached to the second bottom wall, and the elastic member is also configured to open the third liquid discharge port when separated from the second bottom wall.
  • the elastic member By forming a part of the sealing member into an elastic member, when the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber needs to be discharged, the elastic member can be separated from the second bottom wall to open the third liquid discharge port; and when the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber does not need to be discharged, the elastic member can automatically reset itself under its own elastic force and adhere to the second bottom wall to close the third liquid discharge port, thereby not affecting the air tightness of the liquid collecting chamber.
  • a liquid absorbing member is provided in the liquid collecting chamber.
  • the liquid absorbent piece in the liquid collecting chamber can be utilized to produce an adsorption effect on the liquid in the liquid discharge chamber, so that the liquid in the liquid discharge chamber can be discharged into the liquid collecting chamber more quickly, which is convenient for the liquid in the liquid discharge chamber to be discharged in time, and is beneficial to improving the discharge efficiency of the liquid in the liquid discharge chamber.
  • the absorbent member is replaceably disposed in the liquid collecting chamber. Such a design facilitates timely replacement or maintenance of the absorbent member, and by replacing the absorbent member, it can be ensured that the absorbent member in the liquid collecting chamber has the best adsorption effect.
  • the liquid inlet in the thickness direction of the support beam, is located on the side wall of the liquid discharge cavity, and the liquid inlet is arranged at intervals on the inner bottom wall of the accommodating cavity.
  • a thermal management channel is provided in the support beam, the thermal management channel and the drainage cavity are independently provided, a heat exchange fluid is provided in the thermal management channel, and at least a portion of the battery cells are thermally connected to the support beam.
  • the heat exchange fluid can flow along the thermal management channel, and at least a part of the battery cells are thermally connected to the support beam, so that the battery cells can exchange heat with the support beam, so as to control the temperature of the battery through the thermal management channel and ensure that the battery can operate under appropriate temperature conditions.
  • At least one side of the support beam along the thickness direction is provided with battery cells that are heat-conductively connected thereto, so as to increase the heat exchange area between the battery cells and the support beam and improve the heat exchange efficiency between the support beam and the battery cells.
  • multiple rows of stacked battery cells are arranged on the same side of the support beam.
  • Such a design makes the arrangement of the battery cells more compact, which is conducive to saving installation space, and facilitates more battery cells to be thermally connected to the same side of the support beam, which is conducive to improving the heat exchange efficiency between the support beam and the battery cells.
  • a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the side wall of the battery cell facing the support beam.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is closer to the liquid inlet, so that the battery cell is more likely to bring out liquid when the pressure is released, so that the battery cell can be depressurized faster, and the liquid released from the battery cell can more easily enter the liquid discharge cavity through the liquid inlet.
  • the battery cell includes a dimension H1 along a first direction, a dimension H2 along a second direction, and a dimension H3 along a third direction, and the battery cell satisfies: H1 ⁇ H2>H3, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other, and the third direction is parallel to the height direction of the support beam.
  • This design allows the battery cells to be arranged flat in the box, making the arrangement of the battery cells more compact, which is conducive to saving installation space, and the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cells is not in a high position. After the battery cells are depressurized, the liquid can flow into the accommodating cavity, reducing the splashing of liquid when the battery cells are depressurized.
  • the battery cell includes a center plane perpendicular to the third direction, and at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism is located on a side of the center plane close to the inner bottom wall of the accommodating cavity.
  • a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the surface of the inner bottom wall of the battery cell facing the accommodating cavity.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising the above-mentioned battery, wherein the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG2 is an exploded view of a battery structure provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell shown in FIG3 that hides a portion of the battery cell;
  • FIG5 is an enlarged view of point A in FIG4 ;
  • FIG6 is a front view of the battery shown in FIG3 ;
  • FIG7 is a bottom view of the inner bottom wall of the battery hidden in FIG3;
  • Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of point B in Fig. 7;
  • FIG9 is a bottom view of the battery shown in FIG3 ;
  • Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of point C in Fig. 9;
  • FIG11 is a cross-sectional view of the second bottom wall and the inner bottom wall at the third liquid discharge port after being assembled according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG12 is a cross-sectional view of the second bottom wall and the inner bottom wall after assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG13 is a cross-sectional view of the second bottom wall and the inner bottom wall after assembly provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Vehicles 1000 Vehicles 1000; Battery 100, controller 200, motor 300; Box body 10, first part 11, second part 12, Accommodating chamber 13, inner bottom wall 131, second liquid discharge port 132, The second bottom wall 14, the third liquid discharge port 141, Liquid collecting chamber 15, Battery cell 20, Support beam 30, drainage cavity 31, liquid inlet 32, connecting bolt 33, first drainage port 34, The blocking member 40, the liquid absorbing member 50,
  • the height direction of the support beam is F1
  • the thickness direction of the support beam is F2
  • a first direction F3 of the battery cell a second direction F4 of the battery cell, and a third direction F5 of the battery cell.
  • the term "and/or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. As the application areas of batteries continue to expand, the market demand is also increasing.
  • the battery cell 20 has a pressure relief mechanism, but the pressure relief mechanism is a weak position of the battery cell 20.
  • the weak position is in contact with the electrolyte for a long time, it is easy to cause the structure at that location to creep, causing structural failure, and the risk of leakage is high.
  • the battery cell 20 is arranged flat, so that the pressure relief mechanism is not in a high position, and the pressure relief mechanism is in contact with the electrolyte for a long time.
  • the risk of leakage at the pressure relief mechanism increases, that is, the electrolyte in the battery cell 20 is easy to leak at the pressure relief mechanism; or, the temperature of the battery 100 is too high or the pressure in the battery 100 is too high, which may also cause the battery 100 to leak at the pressure relief mechanism or other structures.
  • the leaked electrolyte cannot be discharged in time, it is easy for the electrolyte to accumulate and the battery cell 20 to be electrically connected, causing the insulation of the battery 100 to fail and an internal short circuit to occur, which is further easy to cause the battery 100 to catch fire and explode. Accidents such as. Therefore, how to achieve the discharge of electrolyte after leakage is a problem that needs to be solved.
  • a drainage structure can be set in the accommodating chamber 13, specifically to discharge the electrolyte after the electrolyte is depressurized, so that the liquid discharged from the battery cell 20 into the accommodating chamber 13 at the pressure relief mechanism can be discharged in time, avoiding the accumulation of liquid in the accommodating chamber 13 and causing insulation failure of the battery 100.
  • a support beam 30 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 13, and a drainage cavity 31 and a liquid inlet 32 are provided on the support beam 30.
  • Such a design allows the liquid discharged from the battery cell 20 into the accommodating cavity 13 at the pressure relief mechanism to enter the drainage cavity 31 through the liquid inlet 32, so that the liquid discharged from the battery cell 20 into the accommodating cavity 13 can be discharged in time, thereby avoiding the accumulation of liquid in the accommodating cavity 13 and causing insulation failure of the battery 100.
  • the support beam 30 since the support beam 30 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 13 of the box body 10, the support beam 30 can make full use of the installation space in the accommodating cavity 13, thereby improving the utilization rate of the installation space, and there is no need to set a drainage structure on the outside of the box body 10 for drainage, which is convenient for reducing the overall structural size of the battery 100 and facilitating the miniaturization design of the battery 100.
  • the battery cell 20 in the box 10 may leak at the pressure relief mechanism, that is, the liquid in the battery cell 20 is released into the accommodating chamber 13. In this case, the liquid enters the accommodating chamber 13 and enters the liquid discharge chamber 31 through the liquid inlet 32. In order to reduce the accumulation of liquid in the accommodating chamber 13, the battery cell 20 is electrically connected, thereby causing the insulation failure of the battery 100.
  • the battery cell 20 disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be used in an electric device that uses the battery 100 as a power source or various energy storage systems that use the battery 100 as an energy storage element.
  • the electric device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc.
  • the electric toy can include a fixed or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, etc.
  • Tools and electric airplane toys, etc., and spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle.
  • the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery 100 is arranged inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 can be arranged at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000.
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300.
  • the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for the starting, navigation and driving power requirements of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the housing 10.
  • the housing 10 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 20, and the housing 10 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the housing 10 may include a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, and the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 cover each other, and the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 20.
  • the second part 12 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 11 may be a plate-like structure, and the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12, so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a storage space; the first part 11 and the second part 12 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12.
  • the box body 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 may be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
  • the battery 100 there may be multiple battery cells 20, and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection.
  • a mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • the multiple battery cells 20 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells 20 is accommodated in the box 10; of course, the battery 100 may also be a battery 100 module formed by connecting multiple battery cells 20 in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the multiple battery 100 modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the box 10.
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may also include a busbar component for realizing electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 20.
  • Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other Shape, etc.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery 100 (a battery cell 20, an inner bottom wall 131, a support beam 30 and a second bottom wall 14) provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that constitutes the battery 100, wherein the battery cell 20 is filled with electrolyte and a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the battery cell 20.
  • a receiving chamber 13 is provided in the box body 10 , and a battery cell 20 can be provided in the receiving chamber 13 , and the battery cell 20 is provided with a pressure relief mechanism (not shown in the figure).
  • the battery cell 20 may be disposed in the accommodating cavity 13 ” means that the battery cell 20 may be arranged flat in the box body 10 or the battery cell 20 may be arranged in other forms, which is not limited here.
  • the height of the pressure relief mechanism on the battery cell 20 is relatively low. It should be noted that the battery cell 20 can relieve pressure at the pressure relief mechanism, which can be an explosion-proof valve, or an explosion-proof notch, or other structures that can achieve pressure relief for the battery cell 20.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is an explosion-proof valve.
  • the battery cell 20 may leak at the pressure relief mechanism.
  • the electrolyte inside it will flow into the accommodating cavity 13.
  • the support beam 30 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 13, that is, the support beam 30 is connected to the box body 10, and the support beam 30 is detachably installed in the accommodating cavity 13, wherein the position of the support beam 30 in the accommodating cavity 13 can be flexibly set according to actual needs, and the connection method between the support beam 30 and the box body 10 includes but is not limited to: bolt connection, clamp connection, plug connection or magnetic attraction matching connection.
  • the support beam 30 can also be an integrated structure with the box body 10, which is not limited here.
  • the support beam 30 is provided with a drainage cavity 31 and at least one liquid inlet 32, and the liquid inlet 32 is connected to the drainage cavity 31, so that the liquid discharged from the battery cell 20 into the accommodating cavity 13 through the pressure relief mechanism can be discharged from the liquid inlet 32 into the drainage cavity 31, so that the liquid discharged from the battery cell 20 into the accommodating cavity 13 can be discharged in time, avoiding the accumulation of liquid in the accommodating cavity 13 and causing insulation failure of the battery 100.
  • a drainage cavity 31 is formed inside the support beam 30, and a liquid inlet 32 connects the drainage cavity 31 with the accommodating cavity 13, so that the liquid discharged from the battery cell 20 through the pressure relief mechanism first enters the accommodating cavity 13, and the liquid inlet 32 connects the drainage cavity 31 with the accommodating cavity 13, so that the liquid entering the accommodating cavity 13 can enter the drainage cavity 31 through the liquid inlet 32, thereby realizing the discharge of the liquid in the accommodating cavity 13.
  • the liquid inlet 32 can also discharge the coolant or water-cooling liquid in the battery 100 .
  • a support beam 30 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 13, and a row of The liquid cavity 31 and the liquid inlet 32 are designed so that the liquid discharged from the battery cell 20 into the accommodating cavity 13 at the pressure relief mechanism can enter the liquid discharge cavity 31 through the liquid inlet 32, so that the liquid discharged from the battery cell 20 into the accommodating cavity 13 can be discharged in time, avoiding the accumulation of liquid in the accommodating cavity 13 and causing insulation failure of the battery 100.
  • the liquid inlet 32 is arranged lower than the pressure relief mechanism.
  • the "height direction of the support beam 30" refers to the direction perpendicular to the upper side surface of the inner bottom wall 131, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the upper side surface of the inner bottom wall 131, the distance between the liquid inlet 32 and the upper side surface of the inner bottom wall 131 is smaller than the distance between the pressure relief mechanism and the upper side surface of the inner bottom wall 131.
  • the liquid inlet 32 can enter the discharge chamber 31 through the liquid inlet 32 when the height of the liquid in the accommodating chamber 13 does not reach the pressure relief mechanism, which is convenient for improving the liquid discharge efficiency and can avoid the electrical connection between the battery cells 20 caused by the accumulation of liquid in the accommodating chamber 13 being too high, thereby more effectively avoiding insulation failure of the battery 100.
  • the drainage cavity 31 is provided with a first drainage port 34
  • the inner bottom wall 131 of the accommodating cavity 13 is provided with a second drainage port 132
  • the second drainage port 132 is connected to the first drainage port 34.
  • the drainage cavity 31 is provided with a first drainage port 34 so that the liquid in the drainage cavity 31 can flow out of the drainage cavity 31 through the first drainage port 34 , and the second drainage port 132 is connected to the first drainage port 34 so that the liquid in the drainage cavity 31 can flow out of the box body 10 through the second drainage port 132 .
  • the first drain port 34 may be disposed on the bottom wall of the support beam 30
  • the second drain port 132 may be disposed on the inner bottom wall 131 , thereby, by providing the first drain port 34 and the second drain port 132 that are connected, the liquid entering the drainage cavity 31 may be discharged through the first drain port 34 and the second drain port 132 in sequence, so as to facilitate the discharge of the liquid in the drainage cavity 31 and prevent the liquid from accumulating in the drainage cavity 31 and leaking back into the accommodating cavity 13 .
  • the first drain port 34 and the second drain port 132 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the first drain port 34 and the second drain port 132 are arranged opposite to each other along the height direction of the support beam 30 . It should be noted that, referring to FIG. 6 , since the support beam 30 is located above the inner bottom wall 131 , the first drain port 34 is located above the second drain port 132 .
  • the liquid in the drainage chamber 31 flows into the liquid collecting chamber 15, the liquid in the drainage chamber 31 can flow into the liquid collecting chamber 15 via the first drainage port 34 and the second drainage port 132 in sequence. At this time, the flow direction of the liquid is consistent with the gravity direction of the liquid, thereby facilitating the liquid in the drainage chamber 31 to flow into the liquid collecting chamber 15 faster.
  • the box body 10 further includes a second bottom wall 14.
  • the second bottom wall 14 is located at the lower side of the inner bottom wall 131 .
  • a liquid collecting chamber 15 is defined between the second bottom wall 14 and the inner bottom wall 131 , and the second liquid drain port 132 is in communication with the liquid collecting chamber 15 .
  • the second bottom wall 14 is arranged on the lower side of the inner bottom wall 131, and at least a portion of the second bottom wall 14 is spaced apart from the lower side surface of the inner bottom wall 131 to define a liquid collecting chamber 15, and the liquid collecting chamber 15 is connected with the second liquid drain port 132, that is, the liquid collecting chamber 15 is connected with the liquid drain chamber 31 through the second liquid drain port 132 and the first liquid drain port 34.
  • the liquid in the drainage chamber 31 can flow into the liquid collecting chamber 15 via the first drainage port 34 and the second drainage port 132 in sequence, so that the liquid collecting chamber 15 can be used to temporarily store or collect the liquid in the drainage chamber 31, so as to relieve the liquid pressure in the drainage chamber 31, reduce the liquid height in the drainage chamber 31, and avoid the accumulation of liquid in the drainage chamber 31 and leakage back into the box body 10.
  • the liquid collecting chamber 15 is located at the lower side of the liquid draining chamber 31, so that when the liquid in the liquid draining chamber 31 flows into the liquid collecting chamber 15, the flow direction of the liquid is consistent with the gravity direction of the liquid, thereby facilitating the liquid in the liquid draining chamber 31 to flow into the liquid collecting chamber 15 faster.
  • a liquid collecting chamber 15 is defined between the second bottom wall 14 and the inner bottom wall 131, and the second liquid discharge port 132 is connected to the liquid collecting chamber 15, so that the liquid discharged from the second liquid discharge port 132 can flow into the liquid collecting chamber 15, that is, the liquid collecting chamber 15 can temporarily store and collect the liquid discharged from the second liquid discharge port 132, which is convenient for the collection of the liquid, and can relieve the liquid pressure in the liquid discharge chamber 31, reduce the liquid height in the liquid discharge chamber 31, and avoid the accumulation of liquid in the liquid discharge chamber 31 and leakage back into the box body 10.
  • the liquid collecting chamber 15 is provided with a third liquid drain port 141, and the third liquid drain port 141 is used to drain liquid.
  • the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15 can be discharged from the third liquid drain port 141. It is worth noting that, referring to Figures 11 and 13, the third liquid drain port 141 can be disposed on the second bottom wall 14, or at other locations, which is not limited here.
  • the battery 100 further includes a blocking member 40 , which is movably and/or detachably provided on the second bottom wall 14 to open or close the third drain port 141 .
  • the blocking member 40 is movably and/or detachably provided on the second bottom wall 14 ” includes that the blocking member 40 is movably provided on the second bottom wall 14 , or the blocking member 40 is detachably provided on the second bottom wall 14 , or the blocking member 40 is movably and detachably provided on the second bottom wall 14 .
  • the blocking member 40 when the blocking member 40 is movably disposed on the second bottom wall 14, the blocking member 40 is connected to the second bottom wall 14, and the blocking member 40 can move relative to the second bottom wall 14, such as the blocking member 40 is rotatably connected or slidably connected to the second bottom wall 14 at the third drain port 141, and its connection methods include but are not limited to: rotation, sliding or rolling.
  • Such a design facilitates selectively opening or closing the third liquid drain port 141 through the movement of the blocking member 40 , so as to reduce the difficulty of draining liquid from the liquid collecting chamber 15 .
  • connection methods of the blocking member 40 and the second bottom wall 14 include, but are not limited to, bolt connection, clamp connection, plug connection, or magnetic attraction, etc.
  • Such a design facilitates the removal of the blocking member 40 when the third drain port 141 needs to be opened, so that the liquid collecting chamber 15 can be drained, and after the liquid collecting chamber 15 is drained, the blocking member 40 can be installed on the second bottom wall 14 to block the third drain port 141.
  • the blocking member 40 when the blocking member 40 is movably and detachably provided on the second bottom wall 14, the blocking member 40 can be removed while being movable relative to the second bottom wall 14.
  • Such a design makes it more flexible to open the third drain port 141, and facilitates opening the third drain port 141 by disassembling the blocking member 40 when the blocking member 40 cannot be moved, so as to drain the liquid collecting chamber 15.
  • the third drain port 141 can be selectively opened or closed, so that when the third drain port 141 needs to be closed, the third drain port 141 can be closed by the sealing member 40 to ensure the airtightness of the liquid collecting chamber 15 and avoid leakage of the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15.
  • the third drain port 141 can be opened by the sealing member 40 to discharge the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15.
  • the blocking member 40 is configured to open the third liquid drain port 141 when the liquid weight in the liquid collecting chamber 15 reaches a set threshold, and to close the third liquid drain port 141 when the liquid weight is lower than the set threshold.
  • the “set threshold value” refers to the maximum weight of the liquid that the liquid collecting chamber 15 can accommodate, wherein the set threshold value can be a specific value or a range of values, which is specifically set according to factors such as the volume of the liquid collecting chamber 15 .
  • the blocking member 40 can be a switch structure such as a gravity sensing switch or a gravity valve that can change its state according to changes in gravity, wherein the threshold value is set to a range of values, and the maximum value of the range is the maximum weight of the liquid that the liquid collecting chamber 15 is allowed to accommodate, and the minimum value of the range is that the weight of the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15 is zero or approximately zero.
  • the threshold value is set to a range of values
  • the maximum value of the range is the maximum weight of the liquid that the liquid collecting chamber 15 is allowed to accommodate
  • the minimum value of the range is that the weight of the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15 is zero or approximately zero.
  • the sealing member 40 is a gravity valve
  • the gravity valve automatically opens the third drainage port 141 to discharge the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15, and when the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15 is completely drained or reaches the minimum value of the set threshold, the gravity valve automatically closes, that is, the gravity valve automatically closes the third drainage port 141.
  • gravity valve is only used as an example and does not represent a limitation thereto. Any structure that can utilize the weight of the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15 as a judgment condition for the sealing member 40 to open or close the third liquid discharge port 141 is acceptable.
  • the weight of the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15 is used as a judgment condition for the sealing member 40 to open or close the third liquid discharge port 141, that is, when the liquid collecting chamber 15 collects liquid and the weight of the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15 reaches a set threshold, the sealing member 40 automatically opens the third liquid discharge port 141 to discharge the liquid out of the battery package 100, and after the liquid is drained, when the weight of the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15 drops below the set threshold, the sealing member 40 automatically closes the third liquid discharge port 141, thereby not affecting the airtightness of the liquid collecting chamber 15.
  • the blocking member 40 includes a movable member and an elastic return member, and the elastic return member is respectively connected to the movable member and the second bottom wall 14 so that the movable member can switch between opening the third liquid discharge port 141 and closing the third liquid discharge port 141.
  • the elastic reset member is respectively connected to the movable member and the second bottom wall 14” means that the movable member can be connected to the second bottom wall 14 to close the third liquid discharge port 141, or the movable member can be separated from the second bottom wall 14 to open the third liquid discharge port 141, wherein the elastic reset member is connected between the movable member and the second bottom wall 14 so that the reset elastic member can drive the movable member to move.
  • the elastic reset member can drive the movable member to separate from the second bottom wall 14 to open the third liquid drain port 141, so that the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15 can be discharged from the third liquid drain port 141, or when the third liquid drain port 141 needs to be closed, the elastic reset member can drive the movable member to contact the second bottom wall 14 to close the third liquid drain port 141, thereby preventing the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15 from flowing out of the third liquid drain port 141, which is beneficial to enhance the sealing of the third liquid drain port 141.
  • the blocking member 40 as an elastic reset member and a movable member
  • the elastic reset member can drive the movable member to move to open the third liquid discharge port 141; and when it is not necessary to discharge the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15, the movable member can automatically reset under the elastic force of the elastic reset member to close the third liquid discharge port 141, thereby not affecting the air tightness of the liquid collecting chamber 15.
  • a portion of the blocking member 40 is formed as an elastic member, and the elastic member is configured to close the third liquid discharge port 141 when attached to the second bottom wall 14, and the elastic member is also configured to open the third liquid discharge port 141 when separated from the second bottom wall 14.
  • a portion of the sealing member 40 is formed as an elastic member means that at least the portion of the sealing member 40 in contact with the second bottom wall 14 is formed as an elastic member or at least the portion of the sealing member 40 in contact with the second bottom wall 14 is made of elastic material, and the elastic member has good elastic deformation ability, so that when the sealing member 40 blocks the third drainage port 141, the elastic member is attached to the second bottom wall 14 to close the third drainage port 141. At this time, the elastic member can be squeezed and deformed to better block the third drainage port 141 and enhance the sealing performance of the third drainage port 141.
  • the elastic member when the blocking member 40 opens the third liquid drain port 141, the elastic member is deformed and separated from the second bottom wall 14 to open the third liquid drain port 141. At this time, the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15 can flow out along the third liquid drain port 141.
  • the elastic member automatically returns to its original position under its own elastic force and adheres to the second bottom wall 14 to close the third liquid discharge port 141 , thereby reducing the difficulty of closing the third liquid discharge port 141 .
  • the sealing member 40 By forming a portion of the sealing member 40 as an elastic member, when the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15 needs to be discharged, the elastic member can be separated from the second bottom wall 14 to open the third liquid discharge port 141; and when the liquid in the liquid collecting chamber 15 does not need to be discharged, the elastic member can automatically reset itself under its own elastic force and adhere to the second bottom wall 14 to close the third liquid discharge port 141, thereby not affecting the air tightness of the liquid collecting chamber 15.
  • a liquid absorbing member 50 is provided in the liquid collecting chamber 15 .
  • the “liquid absorbent member 50” refers to a structure that has a certain ability to absorb liquid. It is worth noting that the “absorption capacity” includes but is not limited to the material properties of the liquid absorbent member 50 itself, or the ability that the liquid absorbent member 50 can achieve, that is, absorption based on physical principles.
  • the "liquid absorption capacity" may be a characteristic of the absorbent member 50 itself.
  • the absorbent member 50 may be a sponge, or a water-absorbing resin, or other materials with liquid absorption capacity to form a single structure or a composite structure. In this way, the liquid absorption characteristics of the absorbent member 50 itself can be used to realize the liquid absorption capacity of the absorbent member 50 for the liquid in the drainage cavity 31.
  • the liquid absorbing member 50 may be a physical structure having a water pumping capability, such as a water pump, so that the liquid in the liquid discharge cavity 31 can be sucked into the liquid collection cavity 15 by utilizing the suction force of the water pump.
  • the liquid absorbing member 50 may be a combination of a structure made of a sponge or other material having liquid absorbing ability and a physical structure such as a water pump, which is not limited here.
  • the liquid absorbing member 50 has a certain adsorption capacity, under the liquid absorbing action of the liquid absorbing member 50, the liquid in the liquid discharge chamber 31 can enter the liquid collecting chamber 15 more quickly, so that the liquid in the liquid discharge chamber 31 can be discharged in time, which is beneficial to improve the discharge efficiency of the liquid in the liquid discharge chamber 31.
  • the liquid absorbing member 50 is replaceably disposed in the liquid collecting chamber 15 .
  • the liquid inlet 32 is located on the side wall of the drainage cavity 31 , and the liquid inlet 32 is arranged at intervals on the inner bottom wall 131 of the accommodating cavity 13 .
  • the side wall of the drainage cavity 31 refers to the side wall in the thickness direction of the support beam 30. At least one side wall in the thickness direction of the support beam 30 is provided with at least one liquid inlet 32, and the liquid inlet 32 is spaced apart from the inner bottom wall 131 of the accommodating cavity 13 so as to reduce the processing difficulty of the liquid inlet 32.
  • Such a design enables the liquid inlet 32 to be located on the side wall of the support beam 30 in the thickness direction, and the liquid inlet 32 is spaced apart from the inner bottom wall 131 of the accommodating cavity 13, so as to reduce the processing difficulty of the liquid inlet 32 and improve production efficiency.
  • a thermal management channel (not shown in the figure) is provided in the support beam 30, the thermal management channel and the drainage cavity 31 are independently arranged, a heat exchange fluid is provided in the thermal management channel, and at least a portion of the battery cells 20 are thermally connected to the support beam 30.
  • the thermal management channel and the drainage chamber 31 are independently arranged so that the two can directly interfere with each other, which is beneficial to ensure the stable operation of the thermal management system.
  • the "thermal management channel” refers to a part of the flow channel of the thermal management system of the battery 100, and a heat exchange fluid can flow through the thermal management channel, wherein the heat exchange fluid is a heat exchange medium, such as water-cooled liquid or coolant.
  • the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the support beam 30 .
  • the battery cells 20 thermally connected to the support beam 30 exchanges heat with the support beam 30 , thereby achieving heating, cooling or insulation of the battery cells 20 .
  • the heat exchange fluid can flow along the thermal management channel, and at least a part of the battery cells 20 are thermally connected to the support beam 30, so that the battery cells 20 can achieve heat exchange with the support beam 30, so as to control the temperature of the battery 100 through the thermal management channel, and ensure that the battery 100 can operate under appropriate temperature conditions.
  • the support beam 30 is provided with battery cells 20 thermally connected thereto on at least one side thereof along the thickness direction (the direction shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 ).
  • battery cells 20 thermally connected to the support beam 30 are distributed on one side along the thickness direction, or battery cells 20 thermally connected to the support beam 30 are distributed on the other side along the thickness direction, or referring to Figures 3 and 4, battery cells 20 thermally connected to the support beam 30 are distributed on both sides along the thickness direction.
  • a plurality of rows of stacked battery cells 20 are provided on the same side of the support beam 30 .
  • “Stacked arrangement” means that at least one battery cell 20 is located above another battery cell 20, so that the arrangement of the battery cells 20 is more compact, which is conducive to saving installation space and making it easier for more battery cells 20 to be thermally connected to the same side of the support beam 30, which is conducive to improving the heat exchange efficiency between the support beam 30 and the battery cells 20.
  • a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the side wall of the battery cell 20 facing the support beam 30 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism is disposed on a side of the battery cell 20 facing the support beam 30 , so that the liquid can be brought out more easily when the battery cell 20 is pressure-relieved, so that the battery cell 20 can be pressure-relieved faster.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is closer to the liquid inlet 32, so that it is easier for the battery cell 20 to bring out liquid when the pressure is released, so that the battery cell 20 can release pressure faster, and the liquid released from the battery cell 20 can more easily enter the drainage cavity 31 through the liquid inlet 32.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a dimension H1 along a first direction, a dimension H2 along a second direction, and a dimension H3 along a third direction, and the battery cell 20 satisfies: H1 ⁇ H2>H3, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other, and the third direction is parallel to the height direction of the support beam 30.
  • the first direction, the second direction and the third direction may refer to the length, the width and the height of the battery cell 20, respectively, that is, “the dimension H1 of the battery cell 20 along the first direction” may refer to the length H1 of the battery cell 20, “the dimension H2 of the battery cell 20 along the second direction” may refer to the width H2 of the battery cell 20, and “the dimension H3 of the battery cell 20 along the third direction” may refer to the height H3 of the battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 satisfies: H1 ⁇ H2>H3, that is, the height of the battery cell 20 is relatively small.
  • the battery cell 20 may be a plate-shaped battery or a blade battery. In this way, when the battery cells 20 are stacked, more battery cells 20 can be stacked within the height range of the support beam 30, thereby making the arrangement of the battery cells 20 more compact, which is beneficial to saving installation space and reducing the height of the pressure relief mechanism of each battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 is arranged flat in the box body 10, making the arrangement of the battery cell 20 more compact, which is conducive to saving installation space, and the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell 20 is not at a high position.
  • the liquid can flow into the accommodating cavity 13, reducing the splashing of liquid when the battery cell 20 is depressurized.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a center plane perpendicular to the third direction, and at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism is located on a side of the center plane close to the inner bottom wall 131 of the accommodating cavity 13 .
  • the “center plane perpendicular to the third direction” refers to a plane perpendicular to the height direction of the battery cell 20 , and the plane passes through the height center of the battery cell 20 , and at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism is located below the center plane.
  • Such a design enables the pressure relief mechanism to be at least partially located in the lower end area of the battery cell 20 in the third direction of the battery cell 20, that is, the height of the pressure relief mechanism can be reduced, thereby avoiding that the height of the pressure relief mechanism is too high, which may cause electrical connection between the battery cells 20 when the battery cells 20 are depressurized, and more effectively avoiding insulation failure of the battery 100.
  • a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the surface of the battery cell 20 facing the inner bottom wall 131 of the accommodating cavity 13 .
  • the surface of the battery cell 20 facing the inner bottom wall 131 of the accommodating chamber 13 is often subjected to greater pressure.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is disposed on the surface of the battery cell 20 facing the inner bottom wall 131 of the accommodating chamber 13 so that the battery cell 20 can release pressure faster.
  • This design allows the liquid in the battery cell 20 to be released more quickly when the battery cell 20 is depressurized.
  • the discharged liquid can enter the liquid discharge cavity 31 from the liquid inlet 32 in time, so as to avoid that the height of the pressure relief mechanism is too high, which may cause electrical connection between the battery cells 20 when the battery cells 20 are depressurized, and more effectively avoid insulation failure of the battery 100.
  • the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising the battery 100 described in any of the above schemes, and the battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.
  • the power-consuming device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using the battery 100 .
  • a battery 100 is provided.
  • the battery 100 includes a box body 10, a battery cell 20 and a support beam 30.
  • the two groups of battery cells 20 are respectively located on both sides of the support beam 30 in the thickness direction, and the battery cells 20 are arranged flat, and the height of the pressure relief mechanism is relatively low.
  • the support beam 30 is installed on the inner bottom wall 131 by connecting bolts 33, and a liquid inlet 32 is provided on at least one side in the thickness direction of the support beam 30.
  • the height of the liquid inlet 32 is lower than the height of the pressure relief mechanism, and the liquid inlet 32 is connected to the drainage cavity 31 inside the support beam 30.
  • a second bottom wall 14 is provided on the side of the inner bottom wall 131 away from the support beam 30, a liquid collecting chamber 15 is defined between the second bottom wall 14 and the inner bottom wall 131, the liquid drainage chamber 31 is provided with a first liquid drainage port 34, the inner bottom wall 131 is provided with a second liquid drainage port 132, and the second bottom wall 14 is provided with a third liquid drainage port 141.
  • the liquid discharged from the battery cell 20 into the accommodating chamber 13 at the pressure relief mechanism can enter the liquid discharge chamber 31 from the liquid inlet 32, so that the liquid discharged from the battery cell 20 into the accommodating chamber 13 can be discharged in time, avoiding the accumulation of liquid in the accommodating chamber 13 and causing insulation failure of the battery 100.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种电池和用电装置，所述电池包括：箱体，所述箱体内设有容纳腔；电池单体，设在所述容纳腔内，所述电池单体设有泄压机构；支撑梁，所述支撑梁设在所述容纳腔内，所述支撑梁设有排液腔和进液口，所述进液口连通于所述排液腔，以使电池单体内通过所述泄压机构泄放至所述容纳腔内的液体能够从所述进液口排入到所述排液腔内。

Description

电池和用电装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202222745178.1、申请日为2022年10月18日的中国专利申请提出，并要求上述中国专利申请的优先权，上述中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其是涉及一种电池和用电装置。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
其中，电池具有泄压机构，但是泄压机构是电池的薄弱位置，即电池内的电解液易于泄压机构或壳体焊接处等发生泄漏，且泄漏后的电解液若无法及时排出会导致电池发生绝缘失效，因此，如何实现电解液漏液后的排液是需要解决的一个问题。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请提供一种电池和用电装置，能够解决电解液漏液后的排液问题以避免电池发生绝缘失效。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池，包括：箱体，箱体内设有容纳腔；电池单体，设在容纳腔内，电池单体设有泄压机构；支撑梁，支撑梁设在容纳腔内，支撑梁设有排液腔和进液口，进液口连通于排液腔，以使电池单体内通过泄压机构泄放至容纳腔内的液体能够从进液口排入到排液腔内。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，在容纳腔内设置支撑梁，且在支撑梁设有排液腔和进液口，这样的设计使得电池单体在泄压机构处泄放至容纳腔内的液体能够由进液口进入排液腔内，从而使得电池单体泄放至容纳腔内的液体能够及时排出，避免液体在容纳腔内聚积而导致电池发生绝缘失效。
在一些实施例中，沿支撑梁的高度方向，进液口低于泄压机构设置。
通过将进液口的高度设置为低于泄压机构的高度，使得液体在容纳腔内的高度未达 到泄压机构时便可以由进液口进入排液腔内，便于提高液体的排放效率，且能够避免在液体在容纳腔内聚积的高度过高而导致电池单体之间产生电连接导通，更有效地避免电池发生绝缘失效。
在一些实施例中，排液腔设有第一排液口，容纳腔的内底壁设有第二排液口，第二排液口与第一排液口连通。
通过设置连通的第一排液口和第二排液口，可以使得进入排液腔内的液体依次经由第一排液口和第二排液口排出，以便于排液腔内的液体的排出，且能够避免液体在排液腔内堆积而反漏至容纳腔内。
在一些实施例中，沿支撑梁的高度方向，第一排液口和第二排液口正对设置。这样的设计，使得第一排液口和第二排液口之间的间距更小，便于在液体由第一排液口排出后可直接流向第二排液口，且由第二排液口排出，从而便于提高液体的排放效率。
在一些实施例中，箱体还包括第二底壁，第二底壁位于内底壁的下侧，第二底壁和内底壁之间限定出集液腔，第二排液口与集液腔连通。
通过将第二底壁设置在内底壁的下侧，以在第二底壁与内底壁之间限定出集液腔，且第二排液口与集液腔连通，使得由第二排液口排出的液体能够流入集液腔内，即集液腔能够对由第二排液口排出的液体起到暂存和收集的作用，便于该液体的收集，且能够缓解排液腔内的液体压力，降低排液腔内的液体高度，避免排液腔内的液体出现堆积而反漏至箱体内。
在一些实施例中，集液腔设有第三排液口，第三排液口用于排出液体。这样的设计，使得集液腔内的液体可由第三排液口排出，从而便于排出集液腔内的液体。
在一些实施例中，还包括封堵件，封堵件可活动和/或可拆卸地设于第二底壁以打开或封闭第三排液口。
通过设置封堵件，能够选择性地打开第三排液口或关闭第三排液口，使得在需要封闭第三排液口时，可以通过封堵件封闭第三排液口，以保证集液腔的气密性，避免集液腔内的液体出现泄漏的问题，在需要打开第三排液口时，可以通过封堵件打开第三排液口，以排出集液腔内的液体。
在一些实施例中，封堵件被构造成在集液腔内的液体重量达到设定阈值时打开第三排液口、且在液体重量低于设定阈值时封闭第三排液口。
这样的设计，利用集液腔内的液体重量作为封堵件打开或封闭第三排液口的判断条件，即在集液腔收集液体且在集液腔内的液体重量达到设定阈值时，封堵件自动打开第三排液口以将液体排出电池包外，且在液体排完后，集液腔内的液体重量下降至低于设 定阈值时，封堵件自动封闭第三排液口，从而不会影响集液腔的气密性。
在一些实施例中，封堵件包括活动件和弹性复位件，弹性复位件分别与活动件和第二底壁相连，以使活动件能够在打开第三排液口和封闭第三排液口的状态之间切换。
通过将封堵件设置为弹性复位件和活动件，能够在需要排放集液腔内的液体时，通过弹性复位件带动活动件运动以打开第三排液口，且在不需要排放集液腔内的液体时，活动件可在弹性复位件的弹性力下自动复位以封闭第三排液口，从而不会影响集液腔的气密性。
在一些实施例中，封堵件的一部分形成为弹性件，弹性件被配置为能够贴附于第二底壁时封闭第三排液口，并且，弹性件还被配置为能够与第二底壁分离时打开第三排液口。
通过将封堵件的一部分形成为弹性件，能够在需要排放集液腔内的液体时，通过弹性件与第二底壁分离以打开第三排液口，且在不需要排放集液腔内的液体时，弹性件可在自身的弹性力下自动复位且贴附于第二底壁以封闭第三排液口，从而不会影响集液腔的气密性。
在一些实施例中，集液腔内设有吸液件。
通过设置吸液件，能够利用集液腔内的吸液件对排液腔内的液体产生吸附作用，从而使得排液腔内的液体能够更快速地排向集液腔内，便于排液腔内的液体能够及时排出，利于提高排液腔内的液体的排放效率。
在一些实施例中，吸液件可更换地设于集液腔内。这样的设计，便于及时更换或维修吸液件，且通过更换吸液件能够保证集液腔内的吸液件具有最佳的吸附效果。
在一些实施例中，在支撑梁的厚度方向上，进液口位于排液腔的侧壁，进液口间隔布置于容纳腔的内底壁。这样的设计，使得进液口位于支撑梁的厚度方向上的侧壁上，且进液口的与容纳腔的内底壁间隔开，以便于降低进液口的加工难度。
在一些实施例中，支撑梁内设有热管理通道，热管理通道与排液腔独立设置，热管理通道内设有换热液，至少一部分电池单体与支撑梁导热连接。
通过在支撑梁内设置热管理通道，以便于换热液可沿热管理通道流动，且至少一部分电池单体与支撑梁导热连接，从而使电池单体能够与支撑梁实现换热，以便于通过热管理通道控制电池的温度，保证电池能够在适宜的温度条件下工作。
在一些实施例中，支撑梁沿厚度方向的至少一侧均分布有与其导热连接的电池单体。这样，以便于增大电池单体与支撑梁的换热面积，利于提高支撑梁与电池单体的换热效率。
在一些实施例中，支撑梁的同一侧设有多排叠放设置的电池单体。这样的设计，使得电池单体的排布更加紧凑，利于节省安装空间，且便于使得更多的电池单体与支撑梁的同一侧导热连接，利于提高支撑梁与电池单体的换热效率。
在一些实施例中，电池单体朝向支撑梁的侧壁上设置有泄压机构。通过将泄压机构设置于电池单体朝向支撑梁的侧壁上，使得泄压机构更靠近进液口，从而在电池单体在泄压时更容易带出液体，以便于电池单体更快地泄压，且利于电池单体泄放出的液体能够更容易由进液口进入排液腔。
在一些实施例中，电池单体包括沿第一方向的尺寸H1、沿第二方向的尺寸H2和沿第三方向的尺寸H3，电池单体满足：H1≥H2＞H3，第一方向、第二方向和第三方向两两相互垂直，第三方向平行于支撑梁的高度方向。
这样的设计，使得电池单体在箱体内平躺布置，使得电池单体的排布更加紧凑，利于节省安装空间，且使得电池单体的泄压机构不在高位，电池单体泄压后，液体可流向容纳腔内，减少电池单体泄压时的液体的飞溅。
在一些实施例中，电池单体包括垂直于第三方向的中心面，泄压机构的至少部分位于中心面靠近容纳腔的内底壁的一侧。这样的设计，使得泄压机构在电池单体的第三方向上的至少部分位于电池单体的下端区域，即能够降低泄压机构的高度，从而避免泄压机构的高度过高而导致在电池单体泄压时导致电池单体之间产生电连接导通，更有效地避免电池发生绝缘失效。
在一些实施例中，电池单体朝向容纳腔的内底壁的表面设置有泄压机构。这样的设计，使得电池单体在泄压时，电池单体内的液体能够更快地进行泄放，且泄放后的液体能够及时由进液口进入排液腔内，避免泄压机构的高度过高而导致在电池单体泄压时导致电池单体之间产生电连接导通，更有效地避免电池发生绝缘失效。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种用电装置，包括上述的电池，电池用于提供电能。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的结构爆炸图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的示意图；
图4为图3中所示的电池影藏部分电池单体的示意图；
图5为图4中A处的放大图；
图6为图3中所示的电池的主视图；
图7为图3中所示的电池影藏内底壁的仰视图；
图8图7中B处的放大图；
图9为图3中所示的电池的仰视图；
图10图9中C处的放大图；
图11为本申请一些实施例提供的第二底壁和内底壁装配后在第三排液口处的剖面图；
图12为本申请一些实施例提供的第二底壁和内底壁装配后的剖面图；
图13为本申请另一些实施例提供的第二底壁和内底壁装配后的剖面图。
附图标记：
车辆1000；
电池100，控制器200，马达300；
箱体10，第一部分11，第二部分12，
容纳腔13，内底壁131，第二排液口132，
第二底壁14，第三排液口141，
集液腔15，
电池单体20，
支撑梁30，排液腔31，进液口32，连接螺栓33，第一排液口34，
封堵件40，吸液件50，
支撑梁的高度方向F1，支撑梁的厚度方向F2，
电池单体的第一方向F3，电池单体的第二方向F4，电池单体的第三方向F5。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技 术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力 电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
本发明人注意到，电池单体20具有泄压机构，但是泄压机构是电池单体20的薄弱位置，当薄弱位置长时间接触电解液时，容易使得该处结构发生蠕变，引发结构失效，漏液风险较高，例如，电池单体20平躺布置，使得泄压机构不在高位，泄压机构长时间接触电解液，此时泄压机构处的漏液风险增加，即电池单体20内的电解液易于泄压机构处发生泄漏；又或者，电池100的温度过高或者电池100内的压力较大也可能会导致电池100在泄压机构或其他结构处出现泄漏。上述情况下泄漏后的电解液若无法及时排出，则容易出现电解液聚积而将电池单体20电连接导通，使得电池100发生绝缘失效而发生内短路，进一步容易导致电池100发生起火爆炸等事故。因此，如何实现电解液漏液后的排液是需要解决的一个问题。
为了缓解电解液漏液后的排液问题，申请人研究发现，可以在容纳腔13内设置排液结构，具体为排出电解液泄压后的电解液，以使得电池单体20在泄压机构处泄放至容纳腔13内的液体能够及时排出，避免液体在容纳腔13内聚积而导致电池100发生绝缘失效。
基于以上考虑，为了解决电解液漏液后的排液的问题，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种电池100，通过在容纳腔13内设置支撑梁30，且在支撑梁30设有排液腔31和进液口32，这样的设计使得电池单体20在泄压机构处泄放至容纳腔13内的液体能够由进液口32进入排液腔31内，从而使得电池单体20泄放至容纳腔13内的液体能够及时排出，避免液体在容纳腔13内聚积而导致电池100发生绝缘失效。
在这样的电池100中，由于将支撑梁30设置于箱体10的容纳腔13内，使得支撑梁30能够充分利用容纳腔13内的安装空间，提高安装空间的利用率，且不需在箱体10外侧设置排液结构进行排液，便于减小电池100的整体结构尺寸，利于实现电池100的小型化设计。
随着电池100的使用，箱体10内的电池单体20可能会在泄压机构处出现泄漏的问题，即电池单体20内的液体泄放至容纳腔13内，该情况下，该液体在进入容纳腔13后会由进液口32进入排液腔31内。以减少容纳腔13内的液体聚积而将电池单体20电连接导通，从而引发电池100绝缘失效的问题。
本申请实施例公开的电池单体20可以用于使用电池100作为电源的用电装置或者使用电池100作为储能元件的各种储能系统。用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩 具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的爆炸图。电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。其中，箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，第一部分11和第二部分12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。
第二部分12可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分11可以为板状结构，第一部分11盖合于第二部分12的开口侧，以使第一部分11与第二部分12共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分11和第二部分12也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分11的开口侧盖合于第二部分12的开口侧。当然，第一部分11和第二部分12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池100模块形式，多个电池100模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它 形状等。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的部分结构(电池单体20、内底壁131、支撑梁30和第二底壁14)的示意图，电池单体20是指组成电池100的最小单元，其中，电池单体20内填充有电解液，且在电池单体20的外壁上设有泄压机构。
请参照图2，箱体10内设有容纳腔13，电池单体20可以设在容纳腔13内，且电池单体20设有泄压机构(图中未示出)。
“电池单体20可以设在容纳腔13内”指的是，电池单体20可平躺布置于箱体10内或者电池单体20也可为其它布置形式，在此不做限定。
当电池单体20平躺布置时，电池单体20上的泄压机构的高度较低，其中，需要说明的是，电池单体20可在泄压机构处进行泄压，泄压机构可以为防爆阀、或者防爆刻痕、或者其它可以实现电池单体20泄压的结构。
例如，泄压机构为防爆阀，当电池单体20的温度过高或者电池单体20内的压力较大可能会导致电池单体20在泄压机构处出现泄漏，此时，电池单体20泄压时，其内部的电解液会流入容纳腔13内。
进一步地，支撑梁30设在容纳腔13内，即支撑梁30与箱体10相连，且支撑梁30可拆卸地安装于容纳腔13内，其中，支撑梁30在容纳腔13内的位置可根据实际需求灵活设置，且支撑梁30与箱体10的连接方式包括但不限于：螺栓相连、卡接相连、插接相连或者磁吸配合等连接方式。当然，在一些其它示例中，支撑梁30也可与箱体10为一体结构，在此不做限定。
请结合图4-图6，支撑梁30设有排液腔31和至少一个进液口32，进液口32连通于排液腔31，以使电池单体20内通过泄压机构泄放至容纳腔13内的液体能够从进液口32排入到排液腔31内，以使得电池单体20泄放至容纳腔13内的液体能够及时排出，避免液体在容纳腔13内聚积而导致电池100发生绝缘失效。
参照图5，排液腔31形成于支撑梁30内部，进液口32将排液腔31与容纳腔13连通，这样电池单体20内通过泄压机构泄放的液体先进入容纳腔13内，进液口32将排液腔31与容纳腔13连通，使得进入容纳腔13内的液体能够由进液口32进入排液腔31内，从而实现容纳腔13内的液体的排出。
值得说明的是，上述描述中的电解液仅用于举例说明，例如当电池单体20未发生泄压时，进液口32也可实现电池100内的冷却液或水冷液的排液。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，在容纳腔13内设置支撑梁30，且在支撑梁30设有排 液腔31和进液口32，这样的设计使得电池单体20在泄压机构处泄放至容纳腔13内的液体能够由进液口32进入排液腔31内，从而使得电池单体20泄放至容纳腔13内的液体能够及时排出，避免液体在容纳腔13内聚积而导致电池100发生绝缘失效。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，请参照图4和图5，沿支撑梁30的高度方向，进液口32低于泄压机构设置。
参照图4，“支撑梁30的高度方向”指的是垂直于内底壁131上侧面的方向，即在垂直于内底壁131上侧面的方向上，进液口32与内底壁131上侧面之间的距离小于泄压机构与内底壁131上侧面之间的距离。
由此，通过将进液口32的高度设置为低于泄压机构的高度，使得液体在容纳腔13内的高度未达到泄压机构时便可以由进液口32进入排液腔31内，便于提高液体的排放效率，且能够避免在液体在容纳腔13内聚积的高度过高而导致电池单体20之间产生电连接导通，更有效地避免电池100发生绝缘失效。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，请参照图7和图8，排液腔31设有第一排液口34，请参照图9和图10，容纳腔13的内底壁131设有第二排液口132，第二排液口132与第一排液口34连通。
排液腔31设有第一排液口34，以便于排液腔31内的液体能够由第一排液口34流出排液腔31，且第二排液口132与第一排液口34连通，以便于排液腔31内的液体能够由第二排液口132流出箱体10。
参照图8，第一排液口34可以设于支撑梁30的底壁上，且参照图10，第二排液口132可设于内底壁131上，由此，通过设置连通的第一排液口34和第二排液口132，可以使得进入排液腔31内的液体依次经由第一排液口34和第二排液口132排出，以便于排液腔31内的液体的排出，且能够避免液体在排液腔31内堆积而反漏至容纳腔13内。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，沿支撑梁30的高度方向，第一排液口34和第二排液口132正对设置。
第一排液口34和第二排液口132沿支撑梁30的高度方向正对分布，其中，需要说明的是，请参照图6，由于支撑梁30位于内底壁131上方，即第一排液口34位于第二排液口132的上方。
由此，排液腔31内的液体在流向集液腔15内时，排液腔31内的液体可依次经由第一排液口34和第二排液口132流至集液腔15内，此时，液体的流动方向与液体的重力方向一致，从而便于排液腔31内的液体能够更快地流向集液腔15内。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，请参照图3-图6，箱体10还包括第二底壁14， 第二底壁14位于内底壁131的下侧，结合图4和图6，第二底壁14和内底壁131之间限定出集液腔15，第二排液口132与集液腔15连通。
第二底壁14设置于内底壁131的下侧，且第二底壁14的至少部分与内底壁131的下侧面间隔开以限定出集液腔15，且集液腔15与第二排液口132连通，即集液腔15通过第二排液口132和第一排液口34与排液腔31连通。
进一步地，排液腔31内的液体可依次经由第一排液口34和第二排液口132流至集液腔15内，从而便于利用集液腔15对排液腔31内的液体起到暂存或收集的作用，以缓解排液腔31内的液体压力，降低排液腔31内的液体高度，避免排液腔31内的液体出现堆积而反漏至箱体10内。
其中，集液腔15位于排液腔31的下侧，以使排液腔31内的液体在流向集液腔15内时，液体的流动方向与液体的重力方向一致，从而便于排液腔31内的液体能够更快地流向集液腔15内。
由此，通过将第二底壁14设置在内底壁131的下侧，以在第二底壁14与内底壁131之间限定出集液腔15，且第二排液口132与集液腔15连通，使得由第二排液口132排出的液体能够流入集液腔15内，即集液腔15能够对由第二排液口132排出的液体起到暂存和收集的作用，便于该液体的收集，且能够缓解排液腔31内的液体压力，降低排液腔31内的液体高度，避免排液腔31内的液体出现堆积而反漏至箱体10内。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，集液腔15设有第三排液口141，第三排液口141用于排出液体。
集液腔15内的液体可由第三排液口141排出。值得说明的是，参照图11和图13，第三排液口141可设于第二底壁14上，也可设置于其它位置，在此不做限定。
由此，从而便于通过第三排液口141排出集液腔15内的液体。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图11和图13，电池100还包括封堵件40，封堵件40可活动和/或可拆卸地设于第二底壁14以打开或封闭第三排液口141。
“封堵件40可活动和/或可拆卸地设于第二底壁14”包括封堵件40可活动地设于第二底壁14、或者封堵件40可拆卸地设于第二底壁14、或者封堵件40可活动且可拆卸地设于第二底壁14。
例如，当封堵件40可活动地设于第二底壁14时，封堵件40与第二底壁14相连，且封堵件40可相对于第二底壁14活动，如封堵件40在第三排液口141处与第二底壁14可转动地相连、或者可滑动地相连，其连接方式包括但不限于：转动、滑动或者滚动等。
这样的设计以便于通过封堵件40的运动选择性地打开第三排液口141或关闭第三排液口141，以降低集液腔15的排液难度。
或者当封堵件40可拆卸地设于第二底壁14时，封堵件40与第二底壁14的连接方式包括但不限于：螺栓相连、卡接相连、插接相连或者磁吸配合等连接方式。这样的设计，便于在需要打开第三排液口141，可将封堵件40拆下，以使集液腔15能够排液，且在集液腔15排液后可将封堵件40安装于第二底壁14上以封堵第三排液口141。
或者当封堵件40可活动且可拆卸地设于第二底壁14时，封堵件40在可以相对于第二底壁14活动的同时，可将封堵件40拆下，这样的设计，使得打开第三排液口141的方式更加灵活，且便于在封堵件40无法活动时，通过拆卸封堵件40打开第三排液口141，以实现集液腔15的排液。
由此，通过设置封堵件40，能够选择性地打开第三排液口141或关闭第三排液口141，使得在需要封闭第三排液口141时，可以通过封堵件40封闭第三排液口141，以保证集液腔15的气密性，避免集液腔15内的液体出现泄漏的问题，在需要打开第三排液口141时，可以通过封堵件40打开第三排液口141，以排出集液腔15内的液体。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，封堵件40被构造成在集液腔15内的液体重量达到设定阈值时打开第三排液口141、且在液体重量低于设定阈值时封闭第三排液口141。
“设定阈值”指的是集液腔15能够容纳的液体的最大的重量，其中设定阈值可为一个具体数值或者一个数值的范围区间，其根据集液腔15的容积等因素而具体设定。
例如，封堵件40可以为重力感应开关或者重力阀等能够根据重力的变化改变状态的开关结构，其中，设定阈值为一个数值的范围区间，且该范围区间的最大值为集液腔15允许容纳的液体的最大的重量，该范围区间的最小值为集液腔15内的液体的重量为零或近似于零。
当封堵件40为重力阀时，在重力阀的工作过程中，当排液腔31内的液体逐渐流向集液腔15内时，集液腔15内的液体的重量逐渐增大，且当集液腔15内的液体的重量达到设定阈值的最大值时，重力阀自动打开第三排液口141，以将集液腔15内液体排出，且在集液腔15内的液体排完或者达到设定阈值的最小值时，重力阀自动关闭，即重力阀自动封闭第三排液口141。
需要说明的是，上述的重力阀仅用于举例说明，并不代表对此的限定，只要能够实现利用集液腔15内的液体重量作为封堵件40打开或封闭第三排液口141的判断条件的结构均可。
由此，利用集液腔15内的液体重量作为封堵件40打开或封闭第三排液口141的判断条件，即在集液腔15收集液体且在集液腔15内的液体重量达到设定阈值时，封堵件40自动打开第三排液口141以将液体排出电池100包外，且在液体排完后，集液腔15内的液体重量下降至低于设定阈值时，封堵件40自动封闭第三排液口141，从而不会影响集液腔15的气密性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，封堵件40包括活动件和弹性复位件，弹性复位件分别与活动件和第二底壁14相连，以使活动件能够在打开第三排液口141和封闭第三排液口141的状态之间切换。
“弹性复位件分别与活动件和第二底壁14相连”指的是活动件可以与第二底壁14相连以封闭第三排液口141，或者活动件可与第二底壁14分离以打开第三排液口141，其中，弹性复位件连接于活动件和第二底壁14之间，以便于复位弹性件能够驱动活动件运动。
例如，在需要打开第三排液口141时，弹性复位件可以带动活动件与第二底壁14分离以打开第三排液口141，使得集液腔15内的液体能够由第三排液口141排出，或者在需要封闭第三排液口141时，弹性复位件可以带动活动件与第二底壁14接触以封闭第三排液口141，从而避免集液腔15内的液体由第三排液口141流出，利于增强第三排液口141的密封性。
通过将封堵件40设置为弹性复位件和活动件，能够在需要排放集液腔15内的液体时，通过弹性复位件带动活动件运动以打开第三排液口141，且在不需要排放集液腔15内的液体时，活动件可在弹性复位件的弹性力下自动复位以封闭第三排液口141，从而不会影响集液腔15的气密性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，封堵件40的一部分形成为弹性件，弹性件被配置为能够贴附于第二底壁14时封闭第三排液口141，并且，弹性件还被配置为能够与第二底壁14分离时打开第三排液口141。
“封堵件40的一部分形成为弹性件”指的是封堵件40与第二底壁14接触的至少部分形成为弹性件或者封堵件40与第二底壁14接触的至少部分由弹性材料制成，弹性件具有良好的弹性形变能力，从而在封堵件40封堵第三排液口141时，弹性件贴附于第二底壁14以封闭第三排液口141，此时，弹性件可受挤压变形，以更好地封堵第三排液口141，增强第三排液口141的密封性。
或者在封堵件40打开第三排液口141时，弹性件发生变形且与第二底壁14分离以打开第三排液口141，此时，集液腔15内的液体可沿第三排液口141流出，且当集液 腔15内的液体全部排出或需要封闭第三排液口141时，弹性件在自身的弹性力下自动复位且贴附于第二底壁14以封闭第三排液口141，利于降低对第三排液口141的封闭难度。
通过将封堵件40的一部分形成为弹性件，能够在需要排放集液腔15内的液体时，通过弹性件与第二底壁14分离以打开第三排液口141，且在不需要排放集液腔15内的液体时，弹性件可在自身的弹性力下自动复位且贴附于第二底壁14以封闭第三排液口141，从而不会影响集液腔15的气密性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图12和图13，集液腔15内设有吸液件50。
“吸液件50”指的是对于液体具有一定吸液能力的结构，值得说明的是，“吸附能力”包括但不限于吸液件50本身具有的材料特性、或者吸液件50能够实现的能力，即物理原理吸液。
例如，“吸液能力”可为吸液件50本身具有的特性，例如，吸液件50可以为海绵、或者吸水树脂或者其它具有吸液能力的材料制成单一结构或复合结构，这样利用吸液件50本身的吸液特征能够实现吸液件50对排液腔31内的液体的吸液能力。
或者吸液件50可以为抽水泵等具有抽水能力的物理结构，这样利用抽水泵的抽力能够将排液腔31内的液体吸入集液腔15内。
或者吸液件50可为海绵或其它具有吸液能力的材料制成的结构与抽水泵等物理结构的组合件，在此不做限定。
由此，由于吸液件50具有一定的吸附能力，在吸液件50的吸液作用下，使得排液腔31内的液体能够更快地进入集液腔15，从而便于排液腔31内的液体能够及时排出，利于提高排液腔31内的液体的排放效率
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，吸液件50可更换地设于集液腔15内。
“吸液件50可更换”指的是吸液件50单独安装于集液腔15内，即吸液件50为单独的结构，以便于定期更换或维修以及清理吸液件50，且通过更换吸液件50能够保证集液腔15内的吸液件50具有最佳的吸附效果。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图4，在支撑梁30的厚度方向上，进液口32位于排液腔31的侧壁，进液口32间隔布置于容纳腔13的内底壁131。
“排液腔31的侧壁”指的是支撑梁30的厚度方向上的侧壁，支撑梁30的厚度方向上的至少一个侧壁上设有至少一个进液口32，且进液口32与容纳腔13的内底壁131间隔开布置，以便于降低进液口32的加工难度。
这样的设计，使得进液口32位于支撑梁30的厚度方向上的侧壁上，且进液口32的与容纳腔13的内底壁131间隔开，以便于降低进液口32的加工难度，提高生产效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，支撑梁30内设有热管理通道(图中未示出)，热管理通道与排液腔31独立设置，热管理通道内设有换热液，至少一部分电池单体20与支撑梁30导热连接。
热管理通道与排液腔31独立设置，以便于二者直接互相干扰，利于保证热管理系统的稳定工作，其中，“热管理通道”指的是电池100的热管理系统的部分流道，该热管理通道内可通有换热液，其中，换热液为换热介质，如水冷液或冷却液等。
当换热液在热管理通道内流动时，换热液会与支撑梁30换热，此时，与支撑梁30导热连接的至少一部分电池单体20与支撑梁30换热，从而实现对电池单体20的加热或冷却或保温。
由此，通过在支撑梁30内设置热管理通道，以便于换热液可沿热管理通道流动，且至少一部分电池单体20与支撑梁30导热连接，从而使电池单体20能够与支撑梁30实现换热，以便于通过热管理通道控制电池100的温度，保证电池100能够在适宜的温度条件下工作。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图3和图4，支撑梁30沿厚度方向(如图3和图4中所示的方向)的至少一侧均分布有与其导热连接的电池单体20。
如支撑梁30沿厚度方向的一侧分布有与其导热连接的电池单体20，或者支撑梁30沿厚度方向的另一侧分布有与其导热连接的电池单体20，或者参照图3和图4，支撑梁30沿厚度方向的两侧均分布有与其导热连接的电池单体20。
由此，便于多个电池单体20同时与支撑梁30导热连接，且便于增大电池单体20与支撑梁30的换热面积，利于提高支撑梁30与电池单体20的换热效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，请参照图3-图6，支撑梁30的同一侧设有多排叠放设置的电池单体20。
“叠放设置”指的是至少一个电池单体20位于另一个电池单体20的上方，从而使得电池单体20的排布更加紧凑，利于节省安装空间，且便于使得更多的电池单体20与支撑梁30的同一侧导热连接，利于提高支撑梁30与电池单体20的换热效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，电池单体20朝向支撑梁30的侧壁上设置有泄压机构。
泄压机构设置于电池单体20朝向支撑梁30的一侧，以在电池单体20在泄压时更容易带出液体，以便于电池单体20更快地泄压。
由此，通过将泄压机构设置于电池单体20朝向支撑梁30的侧壁上，使得泄压机构更靠近进液口32，从而在电池单体20在泄压时更容易带出液体，以便于电池单体20更快地泄压，且利于电池单体20泄放出的液体能够更容易由进液口32进入排液腔31。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，电池单体20包括沿第一方向的尺寸H1、沿第二方向的尺寸H2和沿第三方向的尺寸H3，电池单体20满足：H1≥H2＞H3，第一方向、第二方向和第三方向两两相互垂直，第三方向平行于支撑梁30的高度方向。
“第一方向、第二方向和第三方向”可分别指的是电池单体20的长度、宽度和高度，即“电池单体20沿第一方向的尺寸H1”可以指的是电池单体20的长度H1、“电池单体20沿第二方向的尺寸H2”可以指的是电池单体20的宽度H2、“电池单体20沿第三方向的尺寸H3”可以指的是电池单体20的高度H3。
其中，电池单体20满足：H1≥H2＞H3，即电池单体20的高度较小，如电池单体20可以为板状电池或刀片电池，这样，在将电池单体20叠放设置时，能够在支撑梁30的高度范围内叠放较多的电池单体20，从而使得电池单体20的排布更加紧凑，利于节省安装空间，且利于降低每个电池单体20的泄压机构的高度。
由此，使得电池单体20在箱体10内平躺布置，使得电池单体20的排布更加紧凑，利于节省安装空间，且使得电池单体20的泄压机构不在高位，电池单体20泄压后，液体可流向容纳腔13内，减少电池单体20泄压时的液体的飞溅。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，电池单体20包括垂直于第三方向的中心面，泄压机构的至少部分位于中心面靠近容纳腔13的内底壁131的一侧。
“垂直于第三方向的中心面”指的是与电池单体20的高度方向垂直的面，且该面经过电池单体20的高度中心，泄压机构的至少部分位于中心面的下侧。
这样的设计，使得泄压机构在电池单体20的第三方向上的至少部分位于电池单体20的下端区域，即能够降低泄压机构的高度，从而避免泄压机构的高度过高而导致在电池单体20泄压时导致电池单体20之间产生电连接导通，更有效地避免电池100发生绝缘失效。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，电池单体20朝向容纳腔13的内底壁131的表面设置有泄压机构。
电池单体20朝向容纳腔13的内底壁131的表面往往受到的压力较大，将泄压机构设置于电池单体20朝向容纳腔13的内底壁131的表面，以便于电池单体20能够更快泄压。
这样的设计，使得电池单体20在泄压时，电池单体20内的液体能够更快地进行泄 放，且泄放后的液体能够及时由进液口32进入排液腔31内，避免泄压机构的高度过高而导致在电池单体20泄压时导致电池单体20之间产生电连接导通，更有效地避免电池100发生绝缘失效。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，包括以上任一方案所述的电池100，并且电池100用于为用电装置提供电能。
用电装置可以是前述任一应用电池100的设备或系统。
根据本申请的一些实施例，提供了一种电池100。电池100包括箱体10、电池单体20和支撑梁30。电池单体20设有多个，且多个电池单体20分为两组，两组电池单体20分别位于支撑梁30的厚度方向上的两侧，且电池单体20平躺布置，其泄压机构的高度较低，支撑梁30通过连接螺栓33安装于内底壁131上，且在支撑梁30的厚度方向上的至少一侧设有进液口32，进液口32的高度低于泄压机构的高度，且进液口32与支撑梁30内部的排液腔31连通。
进一步地，在内底壁131背离支撑梁30的一侧设有第二底壁14，第二底壁14与内底壁131之间限定有集液腔15，排液腔31设有第一排液口34，内底壁131设有第二排液口132，第二底壁14设有第三排液口141。
当电池单体20内的电解液由泄压机构处泄出时，电池单体20在泄压机构处泄放至容纳腔13内的液体能够由进液口32进入排液腔31内，从而使得电池单体20泄放至容纳腔13内的液体能够及时排出，避免液体在容纳腔13内聚积而导致电池100发生绝缘失效。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种电池(100)，其中，包括：
    箱体(10)，所述箱体(10)内设有容纳腔(13)；
    电池单体(20)，设在所述容纳腔(13)内，所述电池单体(20)设有泄压机构；
    支撑梁(30)，所述支撑梁(30)设在所述容纳腔(13)内，所述支撑梁(30)设有排液腔(31)和进液口(32)，所述进液口(32)连通于所述排液腔(31)，以使所述电池单体(20)内通过所述泄压机构泄放至所述容纳腔(13)内的液体能够从所述进液口(32)排入到所述排液腔(31)内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池(100)，其中，沿所述支撑梁(30)的高度方向，所述进液口(32)低于所述泄压机构设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的电池(100)，其中，所述排液腔(31)设有第一排液口(34)，所述容纳腔(13)的内底壁(131)设有第二排液口(132)，所述第二排液口(132)与所述第一排液口(34)连通。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池(100)，其中，沿所述支撑梁(30)的高度方向，所述第一排液口(34)和所述第二排液口(132)正对设置。
  5. 根据权利要求3-4中任一项所述的电池(100)，其中，所述箱体(10)还包括第二底壁(14)，所述第二底壁(14)位于所述内底壁(131)的下侧，所述第二底壁(14)和所述内底壁(131)之间限定出集液腔(15)，所述第二排液口(132)与所述集液腔(15)连通。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池(100)，其中，所述集液腔(15)设有第三排液口(141)，所述第三排液口(141)用于排出液体。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池(100)，其中，还包括封堵件(40)，所述封堵件(40)可活动和/或可拆卸地设于所述第二底壁(14)以打开或封闭所述第三排液口(141)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池(100)，其中，所述封堵件(40)被构造成在所述集液腔(15)内的液体重量达到设定阈值时打开所述第三排液口(141)、且在所述液体重量低于所述设定阈值时封闭所述第三排液口(141)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池(100)，其中，所述封堵件(40)包括活动件和弹性复位件，所述弹性复位件分别与所述活动件和所述第二底壁(14)相连，以使所述活动件能够在打开所述第三排液口(141)和封闭所述第三排液口(141)的状态之间切换。
  10. 根据权利要求8-9中任一项所述的电池(100)，其中，所述封堵件(40)的一部分形成为弹性件，所述弹性件被配置为能够贴附于所述第二底壁(14)时封闭所述第三排液口(141)，并且，所述弹性件还被配置为能够与所述第二底壁(14)分离时打开所述第三排液口 (141)。
  11. 根据权利要求5-10中任一项所述的电池(100)，其中，所述集液腔(15)内设有吸液件(50)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池(100)，其中，所述吸液件(50)可更换地设于所述集液腔(15)内。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的电池(100)，其中，在所述支撑梁(30)的厚度方向上，所述进液口(32)位于所述排液腔(31)的侧壁，所述进液口(32)间隔布置于所述容纳腔(13)的内底壁(131)。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的电池(100)，其中，所述支撑梁(30)内设有热管理通道，所述热管理通道与所述排液腔(31)独立设置，所述热管理通道内设有换热液，至少一部分所述电池单体(20)与所述支撑梁(30)导热连接。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池(100)，其中，所述支撑梁(30)沿厚度方向的至少一侧均分布有与其导热连接的所述电池单体(20)。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电池(100)，其中，所述支撑梁(30)的同一侧设有多排叠放设置的所述电池单体(20)。
  17. 根据权利要求14-16中任一项所述的电池(100)，其中，所述电池单体(20)朝向所述支撑梁(30)的侧壁上设置有所述泄压机构。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电池(100)，其中，所述电池单体(20)包括沿第一方向的尺寸H1、沿第二方向的尺寸H2和沿第三方向的尺寸H3，所述电池单体(20)满足：H1≥H2＞H3，所述第一方向、所述第二方向和所述第三方向两两相互垂直，
    所述第三方向平行于所述支撑梁(30)的高度方向。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电池(100)，其中，所述电池单体(20)包括垂直于所述第三方向的中心面，所述泄压机构的至少部分位于所述中心面靠近所述容纳腔(13)的内底壁(131)的一侧。
  20. 根据权利要求14-19中任一项所述的电池(100)，其中，所述电池单体(20)朝向所述容纳腔(13)的内底壁(131)的表面设置有所述泄压机构。
  21. 一种用电装置，其中，包括根据权利要求1-20中任一项所述的电池(100)，所述电池(100)用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2023/124782 2022-10-18 2023-10-16 电池和用电装置 WO2024083083A1 (zh)

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