WO2024075798A1 - インバータ制御装置、電動車両 - Google Patents
インバータ制御装置、電動車両 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024075798A1 WO2024075798A1 PCT/JP2023/036291 JP2023036291W WO2024075798A1 WO 2024075798 A1 WO2024075798 A1 WO 2024075798A1 JP 2023036291 W JP2023036291 W JP 2023036291W WO 2024075798 A1 WO2024075798 A1 WO 2024075798A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
- H02M7/5395—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0025—Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
- H02P27/085—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation wherein the PWM mode is adapted on the running conditions of the motor, e.g. the switching frequency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an inverter control device and an electric vehicle equipped with the same.
- Inverter control devices that use PWM (pulse width modulation) control to control the drive of an inverter and drive the rotation of a motor are widely used.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- Patent Document 1 describes a motor control device that adjusts the phase difference between a three-phase voltage command and a triangular wave signal Tr, which is a carrier wave, so as to reduce eddy current losses We generated in the magnet of the motor rotor according to the d-axis current Id passed through the motor and the motor rotation speed ⁇ r, which indicates the rotation speed of the motor.
- Tr triangular wave signal
- the main objective of the present invention is to provide a technology that can effectively reduce high-frequency losses in a motor, regardless of the number of PWM pulses per electrical angle period, in order to solve the above problems.
- the inverter control device is a device for controlling an inverter that converts DC current into three-phase AC current by driving a three-phase inverter circuit and outputs the converted AC current to a motor, and includes a PWM pulse generating unit that pulse-width modulates a three-phase voltage command using a periodically changing carrier wave and generates a PWM pulse signal for controlling the driving of the three-phase inverter circuit, and a target harmonic current calculating unit that calculates a target harmonic current for reducing stator loss and rotor loss generated in the stator and rotor of the motor, respectively, due to harmonic current flowing through the motor in response to the PWM pulse signal, depending on the driving conditions of the motor, and the PWM pulse generating unit generates the PWM pulse signal based on the target harmonic current such that a zero-phase voltage, which is the sum of the three-phase output voltages from the three-phase inverter circuit, becomes non-zero.
- An electric vehicle includes a motor having a stator and a rotor, a battery that supplies a DC current, an inverter having a three-phase inverter circuit and converting the DC current into a three-phase AC current by driving the three-phase inverter circuit and outputting the AC current to the motor, and an inverter control device that controls the inverter, wherein the inverter control device includes a PWM pulse generation unit that pulse-width modulates a three-phase voltage command using a periodically changing carrier wave and generates a PWM pulse signal for controlling the drive of the three-phase inverter circuit, and a target harmonic current calculation unit that calculates a target harmonic current for reducing stator loss and rotor loss generated in the stator and rotor, respectively, due to harmonic current flowing through the motor in response to the PWM pulse signal, depending on the drive conditions of the motor, and the PWM pulse generation unit generates the PWM pulse signal based on the target harmonic current such that a zero-phase voltage, which is the sum
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a motor drive system having an inverter control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a method for generating a PWM pulse signal in the inverter control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of harmonic loss occurring in a motor.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a method for calculating a PWM pulse signal. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of a process for calculating a target harmonic current and a zero-phase sequence voltage command in the inverter control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a motor drive system having an inverter control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a method for generating a PWM pulse signal in the inverter control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a motor drive system having an inverter control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a method for generating a PWM pulse signal in an inverter control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- 10 is a flowchart showing a flow of a process for calculating a target harmonic current and a target phase value in an inverter control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the configuration of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention provides an inverter control device that controls an inverter using PWM control, and outputs a PWM pulse signal that makes the zero-phase voltage, which is the sum of the three-phase AC voltages output from the inverter, non-zero, thereby reducing harmonic losses in the motor and reducing the occurrence of temperature degradation due to heat generated by the motor while increasing the output of the inverter.
- First Embodiment 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a motor drive system 1 having an inverter control device 200 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the motor drive system 1 is connected to a battery 2, and has an inverter 100, an inverter control device 200, and a motor 300.
- Battery 2 is the DC voltage source for inverter 100.
- Inverter 100 has a three-phase inverter circuit made up of multiple semiconductor switch elements corresponding to each phase of the three-phase AC voltage applied to motor 300, and each semiconductor switch element of this three-phase inverter circuit is on/off controlled by inverter control device 200.
- the DC voltage DCV of battery 2 is converted into a three-phase AC voltage with a variable voltage and variable frequency, output from inverter 100, and applied to motor 300.
- Motor 300 is a synchronous motor that is driven to rotate by the supply of a three-phase AC voltage.
- a rotational position sensor 320 is attached to motor 300 in order to control the phase of the three-phase AC voltage applied to motor 300 from inverter 100 to match the phase of the induced voltage of motor 300.
- the rotational position sensor 320 may be, for example, a resolver composed of an iron core and windings.
- the rotational position sensor 320 may be configured using a GMR sensor or a Hall element.
- the inverter control device 200 has the following functional blocks: current control unit 210, current command unit 220, PWM pulse generation unit 230, target harmonic current calculation unit 240, zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250, drive signal generation unit 260, rotational position detection unit 270, and current detection unit 280.
- the inverter control device 200 is configured, for example, by a microcomputer, and these functional blocks can be realized by executing a predetermined program in the microcomputer. Alternatively, some or all of these functional blocks may be realized using hardware circuits such as logic ICs and FPGAs.
- the rotational position detection unit 270 detects the rotational position (electrical angle) ⁇ of the rotor in the motor 300 based on the output signal of the rotational position sensor 320.
- the current detection unit 280 obtains the three-phase current detection values (Iu, Iv, Iw) flowing through the motor 300 from the current sensor Ict, and obtains the d-axis and q-axis current detection values (Id, Iq) by performing a three-phase/two-phase conversion of these current detection values based on the rotational position ⁇ detected by the rotational position detection unit 270.
- the inverter control device 200 has a current control function for controlling the output of the motor 300.
- the current command unit 220 calculates a current command value (Id*, Iq*) based on a torque command input from a higher-level controller (not shown) and the DC voltage DCV of the battery 2, and outputs it to the current control unit 210.
- the current control unit 210 outputs a voltage command (Vd*, Vq*) so that the current detection value (Id, Iq) detected by the current detection unit 280 matches the current command value (Id*, Iq*) input from the current command unit 220.
- the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 calculates target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) for reducing stator loss and rotor loss generated in the stator and rotor of the motor 300, based on the torque command input from a higher-level controller (not shown), the DC voltage DCV of the battery 2, and the motor speed, which is the time change of the rotational position ⁇ detected by the rotational position detection unit 270.
- high-frequency losses are generated in the stator and rotor of the motor 300 due to the harmonic current flowing through the motor 300 in response to the PWM pulse signal output from the PWM pulse generation unit 230 to the drive signal generation unit 260.
- the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 specifies the driving conditions of the motor 300 from the torque command and the motor speed, and calculates the d-axis target harmonic current Idn* and the q-axis target harmonic current Iqn* for reducing these harmonic losses based on the specified driving conditions of the motor 300.
- the method for calculating the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) by the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 will be described in detail later.
- the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 calculates a zero-phase voltage command Vn* for adjusting the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal generated by the PWM pulse generation unit 230 to a predetermined target phase value based on the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) calculated by the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 and the DC voltage DCV of the battery 2.
- This zero-phase voltage command Vn* is a voltage command for changing the zero-phase voltage Vn, which is the sum of the three-phase output voltages Vu, Vv, and Vw that the inverter 100 outputs to the motor 300 in response to the PWM pulse signal, to a non-zero value.
- the method of calculating the zero-phase voltage command Vn* by the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 will be described in detail later.
- the PWM pulse generating unit 230 performs three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) based on the voltage commands (Vd*, Vq*) calculated by the current control unit 210, the zero-phase voltage command Vn* calculated by the zero-phase voltage command calculating unit 250, and the rotational position ⁇ , to generate a PWM pulse signal for controlling the inverter 100.
- the PWM pulse generating unit 230 calculates the three-phase voltage commands Vu*, Vv*, Vw* (U-phase voltage command value Vu*, V-phase voltage command value Vv*, and W-phase voltage command value Vw*) by performing a two-phase/three-phase conversion of the voltage commands (Vd*, Vq*) using the rotational position ⁇ .
- the zero-phase voltage command Vn* is subtracted from the three-phase voltage commands Vu*, Vv*, Vw* to obtain the three-phase voltage commands Vcu*, Vcv*, Vcw* after the zero-phase voltage adjustment, and these voltage command values are compared with the carrier wave that changes periodically with the carrier frequency fc.
- the carrier frequency fc may be constant, or may be changed according to the rotation speed (number of revolutions) of the motor 3.
- the zero-phase voltage command Vn* output from the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 is a voltage command for making the zero-phase voltage Vn, which is the sum of the phase voltages output by the inverter 100 to the motor 300 in response to the PWM pulse signal, non-zero. This is calculated in the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 based on the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) calculated by the target harmonic current calculation unit 240.
- the PWM pulse generation unit 230 can generate a PWM pulse signal based on the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) such that the zero-phase voltage Vn, which is the sum of the phase voltages output from the three-phase inverter circuit of the inverter 100, is non-zero.
- the drive signal generating unit 260 converts the PWM pulse signal generated by the PWM pulse generating unit 230 into a drive signal DR and outputs it to the inverter 100.
- each semiconductor switch element of the three-phase inverter circuit is controlled to be turned on/off according to the drive signal DR. This drives the three-phase inverter circuit according to the control of the inverter control device 200, adjusts the output voltage from the inverter 100 to the motor 300, adjusts the three-phase AC current flowing through the motor 300, and controls the torque of the motor 300.
- FIG. 1 an example configuration of the motor drive system 1 when controlling the torque of the motor 300 according to a torque command from a higher-level controller has been described with reference to FIG. 1, but the configuration of FIG. 1 can also be applied when other control methods are adopted.
- the motor rotational speed ⁇ r is calculated based on the time change in the rotational position ⁇ , and a voltage command or current command is created so that it matches the speed command from the higher-level controller.
- the current commands (Id*, Iq*) from the higher-level controller are input to the current control unit 210 and the target harmonic current calculation unit 240, respectively.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a method for generating a PWM pulse signal in the inverter control device 200 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the arc-shaped modulated wave signal MW shown by the dashed line corresponds to the fundamental wave components of the three-phase voltage commands Vu*, Vv*, and Vw* before zero-phase voltage adjustment.
- the triangular carrier wave signal CW shown by the solid line represents an example of an up-down count timer used for pulse width modulation, which corresponds to a carrier wave that changes periodically with the carrier period Tc (carrier frequency fc).
- the control process of the inverter 100 is executed at each predetermined control period in synchronization with the timing when the carrier signal CW is reset to 0.
- the inverter control device 200 has an A/D converter (not shown), and samples and holds various detection signals used for controlling the inverter 100, such as the detection signal of the current sensor Ict, at each control period. After the A/D conversion time by the A/D converter has elapsed, the detection signal converted to a digital value is acquired and control processes such as current control are executed. In the sample and hold operation of the A/D converter, when the detection signal is charged to a capacitor built in the A/D converter, a voltage ripple is generated in the input voltage of the A/D converter.
- the period of this voltage ripple is equal to the control period (carrier period Tc). Therefore, the period of the voltage ripple superimposed on the input voltage in the A/D converter can be regarded as the control period of the inverter control device 200, and the control period of the inverter control device 200 can be known by measuring this voltage ripple.
- the control period and the current detection period of the current sensor Ict do not necessarily need to match, and it is possible to set the current detection period to an integer multiple, such as twice the control period.
- the current detection timing of the current sensor Ict needs to be synchronized with the control period of the inverter control device 200, so the control period of the inverter control device 200 is an integer multiple of the current detection period.
- the value obtained by multiplying the period of the voltage ripple (A/D conversion noise) generated in the input voltage of the A/D converter by an integer can be regarded as the control period (carrier period Tc of the PWM pulse signal).
- the inverter control device 200 of this embodiment has the feature that, by controlling each of the functional blocks described in FIG. 1, it is possible to perform phase control of the PWM pulse signal synchronized with the fundamental wave period of the output voltage of the inverter 100, even in a multi-pulse region where the number of PWM pulses per electrical angle period is greater than 15 pulses in an asynchronous PWM control state. This point will be described below with reference to FIG. 2.
- the PWM pulse generating unit 230 sets an adjustment width ⁇ MW for the modulated wave signal MW before the zero-phase voltage adjustment, and adjusts the level difference of the modulated wave signal MW between the upward section where the carrier signal CW increases and the downward section where the carrier signal CW decreases to the adjustment width ⁇ MW.
- the modulated wave signal MW is adjusted so that the modulated wave level is (MW- ⁇ MW/2) in the upward section of the carrier signal CW and the modulated wave level is (MW+ ⁇ MW/2) in the downward section of the carrier signal CW.
- the level of the modulated wave signal MW may be adjusted so that the modulated wave level is (MW+ ⁇ MW/2) during the ascending section of the carrier wave signal CW and the modulated wave level is (MW- ⁇ MW/2) during the descending section of the carrier wave signal CW.
- the modulated wave level is (MW+ ⁇ MW/2) during the ascending section of the carrier wave signal CW
- the modulated wave level is (MW- ⁇ MW/2) during the descending section of the carrier wave signal CW.
- the PWM pulse generating unit 230 uses the zero-phase voltage command Vn* obtained by the zero-phase voltage command calculating unit 250 to obtain the three-phase voltage commands Vcu*, Vcv*, and Vcw* after zero-phase voltage adjustment, and generates PWM pulse signals for each phase from these voltage command values, thereby performing the phase control of the PWM pulse signals described above.
- the carrier period Tc which is the period of the triangular carrier wave signal CW, represents the period of the PWM control.
- the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 calculates the zero-phase voltage command Vn*, and the PWM pulse generation unit 230 uses this zero-phase voltage command Vn* to change the level of the modulated wave signal MW up and down every 1/2 period of PWM control, thereby performing phase control of the PWM pulse signal.
- the harmonic current components corresponding to the PWM pulse signal become large in the output current of the inverter 100, especially at a frequency twice the carrier frequency fc.
- Such harmonic current components in the output current of the inverter 100 cause losses (harmonic losses) in the stator and rotor of the motor 300.
- the phase of the PWM pulse signal relative to the fundamental wave of the output voltage of the inverter 100 is controlled to a predetermined value that can reduce the harmonic losses of the motor 300 by performing the phase control of the PWM pulse signal as described above.
- the distribution of the stator loss and the rotor loss may be adjusted so that the combined harmonic losses are reduced overall. This makes it possible to reduce the temperature rise of the stator windings and the temperature rise of the rotor magnet according to the operating state of the motor 300, thereby preventing the temperature of the motor 300 from reaching the upper operating limit temperature and improving the continuous output of the motor 300.
- Figure 3 is a diagram showing an example of harmonic losses that occur in motor 300.
- Figure 3 shows an example of the magnitude of various harmonic losses (AC copper loss, magnet loss, rotor iron loss, core back iron loss, teeth iron loss) that occur in motor 300 for each case where the number of PWM pulses per electrical angle period is 9, 15, 21, 27, 33, 39, and 45, and for the fundamental wave (sine wave) of the output voltage (output current) of inverter 100.
- AC copper loss, magnet loss, rotor iron loss, core back iron loss, teeth iron loss AC copper loss, magnet loss, rotor iron loss, core back iron loss, teeth iron loss
- AC copper loss is resistance loss that occurs when an AC current flows through a coil installed in the stator of motor 300.
- Magnet loss is loss that occurs when eddy current flows through a permanent magnet installed in the rotor of motor 300.
- Rotor iron loss is iron loss that occurs in the rotor of motor 300.
- Core back iron loss is iron loss that occurs in the core back portion of the stator of motor 300.
- Teeth iron loss is iron loss that occurs in the teeth portion of the stator of motor 300.
- AC copper loss, core back iron loss, and teeth iron loss correspond to stator loss
- magnet loss and rotor iron loss correspond to rotor loss.
- n represents the harmonic order
- N represents the upper limit of the order included in the calculation of harmonic losses.
- f1 represents the fundamental frequency of the output voltage (output current) of the inverter 100
- Ian represents the nth harmonic component of the output current
- Idn represents the nth harmonic component of the d-axis current.
- Wih_S is the stator iron loss which is the sum of core back iron loss and teeth iron loss
- Kieh_s is the proportionality constant of stator iron loss
- ⁇ s is the fitting coefficient s
- es1 is the fitting coefficient s1
- es2 is the fitting coefficient s2.
- PAC_h is the AC copper loss
- KAC_h is the proportionality constant of AC copper loss
- ⁇ is the fitting coefficient
- ec is the fitting coefficient c.
- Wieh_R is the rotor iron loss
- Kieh_R is the proportionality constant of rotor iron loss
- ⁇ r is the fitting coefficient r
- er1 is the fitting coefficient r1
- er2 is the fitting coefficient r2.
- Pmag is the magnet loss
- Kmag is the proportionality constant of magnet loss
- ⁇ is the fitting coefficient
- em is the fitting coefficient m.
- the various proportional constants and fitting coefficients in these formulas can be preset in the inverter control device 200 based on the results of magnetic field analysis and actual measurements performed in advance.
- FIG. 4 shows a calculation method of the PWM pulse signal.
- the PWM pulse generating unit 230 generates a PWM pulse signal based on the zero-phase voltage command Vn* calculated by the zero-phase voltage command calculating unit 250 as described above. This allows the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal to be controlled to a predetermined target phase value while keeping the pulse width tp of the PWM pulse signal constant (fundamental wave voltage constant), as shown in FIG. 4, for example.
- the d-axis harmonic voltage Vdn and the q-axis harmonic voltage Vqn in the output voltage of the inverter 100 according to the PWM pulse signal can be controlled, respectively, to adjust the d-axis harmonic current Idn and the q-axis harmonic current Iqn to the desired values.
- the harmonic voltages Vdn, Vqn and harmonic currents Idn, Iqn, and the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal are expressed by the formulas (5) and (6) in FIG. 4, respectively.
- the shift amount Vz of the zero-phase voltage Vn according to the zero-phase voltage command Vn* is expressed by equation (7) in FIG. 4.
- the PWM pulse generating unit 230 adjusts the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal to change the magnitude and phase of the harmonic components while maintaining the average output voltage of the inverter 100 at a desired voltage, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the d-axis harmonic current Idn and the q-axis harmonic current Iqn, thereby reducing harmonic loss in the motor 300.
- the phase ⁇ can be controlled to 0 or near ⁇ to minimize magnet loss and suppress an increase in magnet temperature.
- the d-axis harmonic current Idn can be reduced to adjust high-frequency loss (AC copper loss and magnet loss) according to the q-axis harmonic current Iqn.
- the phase ⁇ can be controlled to near ⁇ /2 to minimize torque ripple, although magnet loss increases.
- the inverter control device 200 since the selection of harmonic loss and torque ripple in the motor 300 is a trade-off, it is preferable for the inverter control device 200 to prepare a table in advance of the relationship between torque and speed for each value of phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal.
- a motor in which the q-axis component inductance Lq is approximately twice or more the d-axis component inductance Ld may be used as the motor 300. In such a case, when determining the phase ⁇ , it is possible to allocate a voltage value approximately twice the d-axis harmonic voltage Vdn to the q-axis harmonic voltage Vqn.
- the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 calculates the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) according to the driving conditions of the motor 300, and the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 calculates the zero-phase voltage command Vn* based on the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*), and the PWM pulse generation unit 230 adjusts the zero-phase voltage Vn to adjust the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal.
- This controls the d-axis harmonic voltage Vdn and the q-axis harmonic voltage Vqn in the output voltage of the inverter 100, respectively, to feedforward control the d-axis harmonic current Idn and the q-axis harmonic current Iqn to the desired values.
- the d-axis harmonic current Idn and the q-axis harmonic current Iqn may be detected from the current detection value (Id, Iq) obtained by the current detection unit 280, and the difference between these values and the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) may be calculated to determine the zero-phase voltage command Vn*.
- any other method may be used to determine the zero-phase voltage command Vn* according to the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) and adjust the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the flow of the calculation process of the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) and the zero-phase voltage command Vn* in the inverter control device 200 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the process shown in the flowchart in FIG. 5 is executed by the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 and the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 of the inverter control device 200, for example, at each predetermined control period.
- the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 calculates the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) according to the driving conditions of the motor 300. For example, for each combination of the DC voltage DCV, torque command, and motor speed, the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) value that can most effectively reduce harmonic losses for these driving conditions is calculated in advance by simulation, experiment, etc., and based on the calculation results, the optimal target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) value for each driving condition is set in advance by a formula or table. By using this formula or table, the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) according to the driving conditions of the motor 300 can be calculated.
- the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 estimates the harmonic loss and torque ripple due to the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) calculated in step S1.
- the nth harmonic component Ian of the output current of the inverter 100 and the nth harmonic component Idn of the d-axis current are calculated by the formula (5) shown in FIG. 4. This allows the torque ripple of the motor 300 to be calculated, and the various harmonic losses (stator iron loss, AC copper loss, rotor iron loss, magnet loss) generated in the motor 300 can be calculated from the formulas (1) to (4) shown in FIG. 3.
- the sensitivity of AC copper loss and magnet loss increases as the number of PWM pulses per electrical angle cycle decreases, so only AC copper loss and magnet loss may be used to calculate harmonic loss.
- step S3 the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 determines whether the magnitude of the torque ripple estimated in step S2 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
- the magnitude of the torque ripple determined in step S2 is compared with a preset predetermined threshold value. As a result, if the magnitude of the torque ripple is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the process proceeds to step S4, and if it is less than the threshold value, the value of the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) calculated in step S1 is output to the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250, and the process proceeds to step S5.
- step S4 the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 corrects the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) calculated in step S1.
- the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) calculated in step S1.
- a correction coefficient equivalent to the weighting coefficient of the d-axis target harmonic current Idn* and the q-axis target harmonic current Iqn* is determined, and the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) are weighted and corrected using this correction coefficient.
- the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) can be corrected using a correction coefficient preset for each motor drive condition.
- the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) values corrected in step S4 are output to the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250, and the process proceeds to step S5.
- step S5 the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 obtains the value of the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) output from the target harmonic current calculation unit 240, and based on this, calculates a target value for the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal.
- the target value of phase ⁇ corresponding to the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) is calculated using equation (6) in FIG. 4.
- step S6 the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 calculates the shift amount Vz of the zero-phase voltage Vn based on the target value of the phase ⁇ calculated in step S5.
- the shift amount Vz of the zero-phase voltage Vn according to the target value of the phase ⁇ is calculated, for example, by using formula (7) in FIG. 4.
- step S7 the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 outputs a zero-phase voltage command Vn* according to the shift amount Vz of the zero-phase voltage Vn calculated in step S6.
- the PWM pulse generation unit 230 adjusts the zero-phase voltage Vn according to this zero-phase voltage command Vn*, so that the modulated wave signal MW fluctuates up and down every 1/2 period of the PWM control, as explained in FIG. 2, and a level difference occurs between the up-slope where the carrier signal CW increases and the down-slope where the carrier signal CW decreases.
- the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal is adjusted to match the target value calculated in step S5.
- the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 calculates the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) according to the driving conditions of the motor 300, and the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 outputs the zero-phase voltage command Vn* based on this target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*).
- the PWM pulse generation unit 230 adjusts the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal by generating a PWM pulse signal based on the zero-phase voltage command Vn* output from the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250.
- harmonic losses can be reduced even for frequencies (twice the carrier frequency fc) at which the harmonic current components in the output current of the inverter 100 become large.
- inverter control device 200 of the present embodiment described above by adjusting the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal based on the zero-phase voltage command Vn*, it is possible to adjust the distribution of stator loss and rotor loss in harmonic loss, and also the distribution of harmonic loss and torque ripple. As a result, for example, it is possible to adjust the torque ripple while reducing the temperature rise of the stator windings and rotor magnet according to the driving conditions of the motor 300, thereby achieving both continuous motor output and low noise and vibration.
- the inverter control device 200 of this embodiment if the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) are weighted and corrected to reduce the d-axis harmonic current Idn and increase the q-axis harmonic current Iqn in order to minimize harmonic loss in the motor 300, the torque ripple caused by the harmonic current in the motor 300 may become large.
- the frequency of the carrier wave used to generate the PWM pulse signal in the PWM pulse generating unit 230 may be switched to a frequency higher than normal.
- the carrier wave frequency is set to be switchable between two types, high frequency and low frequency.
- the frequency of the carrier wave is set to the low frequency side, and when the output torque of the motor 300 according to the torque command input from the upper controller is within a predetermined first range, and the magnitude of the harmonic loss (stator loss and rotor loss) estimated by the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 is within a predetermined second range, the frequency of the carrier wave is switched from the low frequency side to the high frequency side. In this way, it is possible to reduce the harmonic loss of the motor 300 while suppressing the torque ripple generated in the motor 300.
- a highly responsive semiconductor element such as SiC or GaN is used for the semiconductor switch element of the three-phase inverter circuit in the inverter 100, a high effect can be obtained.
- the first embodiment of the present invention described above provides the following effects.
- the inverter control device 200 is a device that controls the inverter 100, which converts DC current into three-phase AC current by driving a three-phase inverter circuit and outputs the converted current to the motor 300.
- the inverter control device 200 includes a PWM pulse generation unit 230 that uses a periodically changing carrier wave to pulse-width modulate three-phase voltage commands Vu*, Vv*, and Vw* to generate a PWM pulse signal for controlling the driving of the three-phase inverter circuit, and a target harmonic current calculation unit 240 that calculates target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) for reducing stator loss and rotor loss generated in the stator and rotor of the motor 300 due to harmonic currents flowing through the motor 300 in response to the PWM pulse signal, depending on the driving conditions of the motor 300.
- a PWM pulse generation unit 230 that uses a periodically changing carrier wave to pulse-width modulate three-phase voltage commands Vu*, Vv*, and Vw* to generate a P
- the PWM pulse generation unit 230 generates a PWM pulse signal based on the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) such that the zero-phase voltage Vn, which is the sum of the three-phase output voltages Vu, Vv, and Vw from the three-phase inverter circuit, is non-zero.
- the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal can be controlled to a predetermined target phase value, and the magnitudes of the d-axis harmonic current Idn and q-axis harmonic current Iqn in the motor 300 can be adjusted.
- the high-frequency loss of the motor 300 can be effectively reduced regardless of the number of PWM pulses per electrical angle period.
- the inverter control device 200 includes a zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 that calculates a zero-phase voltage command Vn* for changing the zero-phase voltage Vn every 1/2 period of the carrier wave based on the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*).
- the PWM pulse generation unit 230 generates a PWM pulse signal based on the zero-phase voltage command Vn*. In this way, the zero-phase voltage Vn is changed to be non-zero, and a PWM pulse signal can be generated that can control the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal to a predetermined target phase value.
- the PWM pulse generating unit 230 In an asynchronous PWM control state in which the ratio of the period of the three-phase voltage commands Vu*, Vv*, and Vw* to the period of the carrier wave is a non-integer, the PWM pulse generating unit 230 generates a PWM pulse signal so that the zero-phase voltage Vn changes in synchronization with the three-phase voltage commands Vu*, Vv*, and Vw*. In this way, even in an asynchronous PWM control state, the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal can be adjusted to a predetermined target phase value to reduce high-frequency losses in the motor 300.
- the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 corrects the calculated target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) (step S4).
- the PWM pulse generation unit 230 generates a PWM pulse signal based on the corrected target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*). By doing so, for example, when the magnitude of the torque ripple of the motor 300 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the high-frequency loss of the motor 300 can be adjusted to suppress the torque ripple.
- the PWM pulse generating unit 230 may switch the frequency of the carrier wave to a frequency higher than normal when the output torque of the motor 300 is within a predetermined first range and the magnitude of the harmonic loss, which is the sum of the stator loss and the rotor loss, is within a predetermined second range. In this way, it is possible to reduce the harmonic loss of the motor 300 while suppressing the torque ripple generated in the motor 300.
- a target phase value for the phase ⁇ of a PWM pulse signal is set without using the above-mentioned zero-phase voltage command Vn*, and a PWM pulse signal is generated based on this target phase value.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a motor drive system 1A having an inverter control device 200A according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the motor drive system 1A of this embodiment differs in part from the motor drive system 1 of FIG. 1 described in the first embodiment in the configuration of the inverter control device 200A.
- Other points are the same as those of the motor drive system 1, so explanations will be omitted unless otherwise necessary.
- the inverter control device 200A has the following functional blocks: current control unit 210, current command unit 220, PWM pulse generation unit 230A, target harmonic current calculation unit 240, target phase value calculation unit 250A, drive signal generation unit 260, rotation position detection unit 270, and current detection unit 280. Note that the functional blocks other than PWM pulse generation unit 230A and target phase value calculation unit 250A are the same as those of the inverter control device 200 in the first embodiment, and therefore will not be described below.
- the target phase value calculation unit 250A calculates a target phase value for the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal generated by the PWM pulse generation unit 230 based on the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) calculated by the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 and the DC voltage DCV of the battery 2, and outputs a phase command value ⁇ * corresponding to this target phase value.
- the phase command value ⁇ * corresponds to the target value of the phase ⁇ used to calculate the zero-phase voltage command Vn* in the first embodiment, and is calculated by the formula (6) described in FIG. 4.
- the PWM pulse generating unit 230A performs three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) based on the voltage command (Vd*, Vq*) obtained by the current control unit 210, the phase command value ⁇ * output from the target phase value calculation unit 250A, and the rotational position ⁇ , to generate a PWM pulse signal for controlling the inverter 100.
- the PWM pulse generating unit 230A uses the rotational position ⁇ to perform two-phase/three-phase conversion of the voltage command (Vd*, Vq*) to calculate three-phase voltage commands Vu*, Vv*, Vw* (U-phase voltage command value Vu*, V-phase voltage command value Vv*, and W-phase voltage command value Vw*).
- a compare match timer for the carrier wave is set for each phase, and each is compared with the carrier wave that changes periodically at the carrier frequency fc. This allows the position (phase) of the pulse edge for each phase to be determined and a PWM pulse signal for each phase to be generated.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a method for generating a PWM pulse signal in an inverter control device 200A according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the carrier signal CW is implemented by an up-down count timer that has a sawtooth waveform rather than a triangular waveform.
- the PWM pulse generating unit 230A offsets the compare match register values set in response to the three-phase voltage commands Vu*, Vv*, and Vw* based on the phase command value ⁇ *.
- the compare match register values CMP1A and CMP2A set in response to the three-phase voltage commands Vu*, Vv*, and Vw* are offset to a value smaller by an amount corresponding to the phase command value ⁇ * to set the compare match register values CMP1B and CMP2B.
- the edge timing of the PWM pulse signal output from the PWM pulse generating unit 230A can be advanced from ⁇ a to ⁇ b. That is, the phase of the PWM pulse signal can be advanced in synchronization with the fundamental wave period of the output voltage (output current) of the inverter 100.
- the value of the compare match register may be offset to a value greater than the phase command value ⁇ *. In this way, the timing of each edge of the PWM pulse signal output from the PWM pulse generating unit 230A can be delayed. In other words, the phase of the PWM pulse signal can be delayed in synchronization with the fundamental wave period of the output voltage (output current) of the inverter 100.
- the target phase value for the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal is calculated in the target phase value calculation unit 250A, and the phase command value ⁇ * corresponding to this target phase value is used to offset the value of the compare match register in the PWM pulse generation unit 230A, thereby performing phase control of the PWM pulse signal.
- the phase of the PWM pulse signal can be controlled simply by offsetting the value of the compare match register, which has the advantage of reducing the processing load of the microcomputer used as the inverter control device 200A.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the flow of the calculation process for the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) and the target phase value in the inverter control device 200A according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the process shown in the flowchart in FIG. 8 is executed by the target harmonic current calculation unit 240 and the target phase value calculation unit 250A of the inverter control device 200A, for example, at every predetermined control period.
- steps S1 to S5 the same processes as steps S1 to S5 in FIG. 5 described in the first embodiment are executed. Note that in this embodiment, the process of step S5 is executed by the target phase value calculation unit 250A.
- step S7A the target phase value calculation unit 250A outputs a phase command value ⁇ * that corresponds to the target value of the phase ⁇ determined in step S5.
- the PWM pulse generation unit 230A offsets the value of the compare match register in accordance with this phase command value ⁇ *, and as described in FIG. 7, the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal is adjusted to match the target value determined in step S5.
- the inverter control device 200A includes a target phase value calculation unit 250A that calculates a target phase value for the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal based on the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*).
- the PWM pulse generation unit 230A generates a PWM pulse signal based on the target phase value. In this way, it is possible to generate a PWM pulse signal that can control the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal to a predetermined target phase value, similar to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the configuration of an electric vehicle 600 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the electric vehicle 600 has a power train that uses a motor drive system 1B1 (motor 300B1, inverter 100B1, inverter control device 200B1) for driving and a motor drive system 1B2 (motor 300B2, inverter 100B2, inverter control device 200B2) for generating electricity.
- the inverter control devices 200B1 and 200B2 each have a similar configuration to the inverter control device 200 described in the first embodiment or the inverter control device 200A described in the second embodiment.
- the motors 300B1 and 300B2 each have a similar configuration to the motor 300, and the inverters 100B1 and 100B2 each have a similar configuration to the inverter 100.
- a front wheel axle 601 is rotatably supported at the front of the electric vehicle 600, and front wheels 602, 603 are provided at both ends of the front wheel axle 601.
- a rear wheel axle 604 is rotatably supported at the rear of the electric vehicle 600, and rear wheels 605, 606 are provided at both ends of the rear wheel axle 604.
- a differential gear 611 which is a power distribution mechanism, is provided in the center of the front axle 601, and the engine 610 or the motor 300B1 distributes the rotational driving force transmitted through the transmission 612 to the left and right front axles 601.
- the engine 610 and the motors 300B1 and 300B2 have a mechanism that allows them to be mechanically connected/separated using a mechanism implemented in the transmission 612.
- the electric vehicle 600 can arbitrarily switch between the series hybrid mode and the parallel hybrid mode according to the driving scene, such as driving in urban areas or on a highway, thereby achieving both vehicle dynamics and vehicle range.
- Inverter 100B1 converts DC power supplied from high-voltage battery 622 into three-phase AC power according to the control of inverter control device 200B1.
- the three-phase AC power output from inverter 100B1 is supplied to the stator coil of the stator of motor 300B1. This causes the rotor of motor 300B1 to rotate, generating a rotational driving force according to the three-phase AC power (current).
- the rotor of motor 300B2 is rotated and driven by the mechanical output from engine 610. This generates three-phase AC power in the stator coil of motor 300B2, which is input to inverter 100B2.
- Inverter 100B2 converts the three-phase AC power input from motor 300B2 into DC power according to the control of inverter control device 200B2, and charges high-voltage battery 622.
- the inverter control devices 200B1, B2 calculate the target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*), respectively, and adjust the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal based on these, thereby reducing harmonic losses in the motors 300B1, B2.
- inverter control device 200B1 of motor drive system 1B1 inputs a torque command corresponding to the accelerator pedal operation amount of electric vehicle 600, performs current feedback control to obtain three-phase AC power (current) corresponding to the torque command, and calculates a voltage command value for inverter 100B1. Furthermore, it compares the voltage command value with a carrier wave and performs pulse width modulation to generate a PWM pulse signal for driving inverter 100B1. At this time, target harmonic current calculation unit 240 of inverter control device 200B1 calculates target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) corresponding to the drive conditions of motor 300B1 using the torque command, motor speed which is the time change in rotational position ⁇ , and DC voltage DCV of high-voltage battery 622.
- target harmonic current calculation unit 240 of inverter control device 200B1 calculates target harmonic currents (Idn*, Iqn*) corresponding to the drive conditions of motor 300B1 using the torque command, motor speed which is the time change in rotational position ⁇ ,
- the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 or the target phase value calculation unit 250A calculates a target phase value for the phase ⁇ of the PWM pulse signal based on the target harmonic current (Idn*, Iqn*) calculated by the target harmonic current calculation unit 240, and calculates the zero-phase voltage command Vn* or the phase command value ⁇ *.
- the PWM pulse generation unit 230 generates a PWM pulse signal based on the zero-phase voltage command Vn* or the phase command value ⁇ * from the zero-phase voltage command calculation unit 250 or the target phase value calculation unit 250A so that the phase ⁇ becomes the target phase value.
- a PWM pulse signal is generated so that the zero-phase voltage Vn, which is the sum of the three-phase output voltages Vu, Vv, and Vw output by the inverter 100B1 to the motor 300B1, becomes non-zero.
- the three-phase inverter circuit of the inverter 100B1 is driven by the drive signal DR generated by the drive signal generating unit 260 based on this PWM pulse signal, thereby reducing high-frequency losses (stator losses and rotor losses) of the motor 300B1.
- the present invention can also be applied to plug-in hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, etc., and the same effects can be obtained in these cases as well.
- inverter control device is configured separately from the inverter and motor
- present invention can also be applied to an inverter device in which the inverter control device and inverter are integrated, or a motor drive system in which the inverter device and motor are integrated, so long as they have the above-mentioned functions.
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Abstract
Description
本発明による電動車両は、ステータおよびロータを有するモータと、直流電流を供給するバッテリと、三相インバータ回路を有し、前記三相インバータ回路を駆動させることで前記直流電流を三相交流電流に変換して前記モータに出力するインバータと、前記インバータを制御するインバータ制御装置と、を備え、前記インバータ制御装置は、周期的に変化する搬送波を用いて三相電圧指令をパルス幅変調し、前記三相インバータ回路の駆動を制御するためのPWMパルス信号を生成するPWMパルス生成部と、前記モータの駆動条件に応じて、前記PWMパルス信号に応じて前記モータに流れる高調波電流により前記ステータおよび前記ロータでそれぞれ発生するステータ損失およびロータ損失を低減するための目標高調波電流を算出する目標高調波電流算出部と、を有し、前記PWMパルス生成部は、前記目標高調波電流に基づいて、前記三相インバータ回路からの三相出力電圧の総和である零相電圧が非ゼロとなるような前記PWMパルス信号を生成する。
図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係るインバータ制御装置200を有するモータ駆動システム1の構成を示すブロック図である。モータ駆動システム1は、バッテリ2と接続されており、インバータ100、インバータ制御装置200およびモータ300を有している。
次に、本発明の第2の実施形態について説明する。本実施形態では、前述の零相電圧指令Vn*を用いずに、PWMパルス信号の位相αに対する目標位相値を設定し、この目標位相値に基づいてPWMパルス信号を生成する例を説明する。
次に、本発明の第3の実施形態について説明する。本実施形態では、第1、第2の実施形態でそれぞれ説明したモータ駆動システムを電動車両に搭載した例を説明する。
2…バッテリ
100,100B1,100B2…インバータ
200,200A,200B1,200B2…インバータ制御装置
210…電流制御部
220…電流指令部
230,230A…PWMパルス生成部
240…目標高調波電流算出部
250…零相電圧指令算出部
250A…目標位相値算出部
260…ドライブ信号生成部
270…回転位置検出部
280…電流検出部
300,300B1,300B2…モータ
320…回転位置センサ
600…電動車両
Claims (7)
- 三相インバータ回路を駆動させることで直流電流を三相交流電流に変換してモータに出力するインバータを制御する装置であって、
周期的に変化する搬送波を用いて三相電圧指令をパルス幅変調し、前記三相インバータ回路の駆動を制御するためのPWMパルス信号を生成するPWMパルス生成部と、
前記モータの駆動条件に応じて、前記PWMパルス信号に応じて前記モータに流れる高調波電流により前記モータのステータおよびロータでそれぞれ発生するステータ損失およびロータ損失を低減するための目標高調波電流を算出する目標高調波電流算出部と、を備え、
前記PWMパルス生成部は、前記目標高調波電流に基づいて、前記三相インバータ回路からの三相出力電圧の総和である零相電圧が非ゼロとなるような前記PWMパルス信号を生成する、インバータ制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載のインバータ制御装置において、
前記目標高調波電流に基づいて、前記搬送波の1/2周期ごとに前記零相電圧を変化させるための零相電圧指令を算出する零相電圧指令算出部を備え、
前記PWMパルス生成部は、前記零相電圧指令に基づいて前記PWMパルス信号を生成する、インバータ制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載のインバータ制御装置において、
前記目標高調波電流に基づいて、前記PWMパルス信号の位相に対する目標位相値を算出する目標位相値算出部を備え、
前記PWMパルス生成部は、前記目標位相値に基づいて前記PWMパルス信号を生成する、インバータ制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載のインバータ制御装置において、
前記PWMパルス生成部は、前記三相電圧指令の周期と前記搬送波の周期との比が非整数となる非同期PWM制御状態において、前記零相電圧が前記三相電圧指令に同期して変化するように、前記PWMパルス信号を生成する、インバータ制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載のインバータ制御装置において、
前記目標高調波電流算出部は、算出した前記目標高調波電流を補正し、
前記PWMパルス生成部は、補正後の前記目標高調波電流に基づいて前記PWMパルス信号を生成する、インバータ制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載のインバータ制御装置において、
前記PWMパルス生成部は、前記モータの出力トルクが所定の第1の範囲内にあり、かつ、前記ステータ損失と前記ロータ損失を合わせた高調波損失の大きさが所定の第2の範囲内にあるときに、前記搬送波の周波数を通常時よりも高い周波数に切り替える、インバータ制御装置。 - ステータおよびロータを有するモータと、
直流電流を供給するバッテリと、
三相インバータ回路を有し、前記三相インバータ回路を駆動させることで前記直流電流を三相交流電流に変換して前記モータに出力するインバータと、
前記インバータを制御するインバータ制御装置と、を備え、
前記インバータ制御装置は、
周期的に変化する搬送波を用いて三相電圧指令をパルス幅変調し、前記三相インバータ回路の駆動を制御するためのPWMパルス信号を生成するPWMパルス生成部と、
前記モータの駆動条件に応じて、前記PWMパルス信号に応じて前記モータに流れる高調波電流により前記ステータおよび前記ロータでそれぞれ発生するステータ損失およびロータ損失を低減するための目標高調波電流を算出する目標高調波電流算出部と、を有し、
前記PWMパルス生成部は、前記目標高調波電流に基づいて、前記三相インバータ回路からの三相出力電圧の総和である零相電圧が非ゼロとなるような前記PWMパルス信号を生成する、電動車両。
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| WO2024075798A1 true WO2024075798A1 (ja) | 2024-04-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2023/036291 Ceased WO2024075798A1 (ja) | 2022-10-07 | 2023-10-04 | インバータ制御装置、電動車両 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP7875092B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN119654786A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112023002889T5 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2024075798A1 (ja) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015053824A (ja) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | モータ駆動システムおよび該システムを搭載する電気鉄道車両 |
| WO2016092603A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-16 | 株式会社日立産機システム | 電力変換装置および電力変換装置の制御方法 |
| JP2021052442A (ja) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-04-01 | 日立Astemo株式会社 | インバータ制御装置 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9755545B2 (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2017-09-05 | General Electric Company | System and method for unified common mode voltage injection |
| JP6674804B2 (ja) | 2016-03-15 | 2020-04-01 | 株式会社日立産機システム | モータの制御装置および駆動システム |
-
2022
- 2022-10-07 JP JP2022162797A patent/JP7875092B2/ja active Active
-
2023
- 2023-10-04 WO PCT/JP2023/036291 patent/WO2024075798A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-10-04 DE DE112023002889.3T patent/DE112023002889T5/de active Pending
- 2023-10-04 CN CN202380056990.8A patent/CN119654786A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015053824A (ja) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | モータ駆動システムおよび該システムを搭載する電気鉄道車両 |
| WO2016092603A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-16 | 株式会社日立産機システム | 電力変換装置および電力変換装置の制御方法 |
| JP2021052442A (ja) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-04-01 | 日立Astemo株式会社 | インバータ制御装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN119654786A (zh) | 2025-03-18 |
| DE112023002889T5 (de) | 2025-04-24 |
| JP7875092B2 (ja) | 2026-06-17 |
| JP2024055682A (ja) | 2024-04-18 |
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