WO2024048194A1 - 積層体、積層体の製造方法および仮想現実表示装置 - Google Patents

積層体、積層体の製造方法および仮想現実表示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024048194A1
WO2024048194A1 PCT/JP2023/028391 JP2023028391W WO2024048194A1 WO 2024048194 A1 WO2024048194 A1 WO 2024048194A1 JP 2023028391 W JP2023028391 W JP 2023028391W WO 2024048194 A1 WO2024048194 A1 WO 2024048194A1
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Prior art keywords
alignment film
light
layer
laminate
anisotropic layer
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PCT/JP2023/028391
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
賢謙 前田
秀樹 兼岩
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Fujifilm Corp
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Fujifilm Corp
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Priority to JP2024544064A priority Critical patent/JPWO2024048194A1/ja
Priority to CN202380060671.4A priority patent/CN119744360A/zh
Priority to KR1020247043026A priority patent/KR20250018395A/ko
Publication of WO2024048194A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024048194A1/ja
Priority to US19/013,665 priority patent/US20250147211A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G02B5/20—Filters
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    • G02B5/223—Absorbing filters containing organic substances, e.g. dyes, inks or pigments
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    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/023—Optical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/26—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer which influences the bonding during the lamination process, e.g. release layers or pressure equalising layers
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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    • G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
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    • G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C11/00—Non-optical adjuncts; Attachment thereof
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    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
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    • G02C11/10—Electronic devices other than hearing aids
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
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    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/26—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer which influences the bonding during the lamination process, e.g. release layers or pressure equalising layers
    • B32B2037/268—Release layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a laminate, a method for manufacturing the laminate, and a virtual reality display device.
  • virtual reality display devices have become known as display devices that allow users to feel as if they are entering a virtual world by wearing a dedicated headset on their head and viewing images displayed through a lens. ing.
  • Patent Document 1 includes an image display panel, a reflective polarizer, and a half mirror, and the light rays emitted from the image display panel are transmitted between the reflective polarizer and the half mirror.
  • a lens configuration called a pancake lens is described, which reduces the overall thickness of the headset by reciprocating the lens.
  • the present inventors have discovered that in the virtual reality display device described in Patent Document 1, depending on the optical member used, a portion of the light rays emitted from the image display panel may be undesirably reflected, causing distortion of the virtual image. It was revealed that there was a problem with the display performance being inferior, as the images were viewed as enlarged and distorted images. Furthermore, when introducing an absorption type linear polarizer into a virtual reality display device, the present inventors used a light absorption anisotropic layer containing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance as the absorption type linear polarizer. In some cases, if at least one surface of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer and the adhesive layer are provided adjacent to each other, there will be a problem of poor durability. It was clarified that it is necessary to introduce it in a stacked state (laminated body) with an alignment film).
  • the present invention provides a laminate, a method for manufacturing the laminate, and a laminate that can improve the display performance of a virtual reality display device when the laminate including a light-absorbing anisotropic layer is introduced into the virtual reality display device.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a virtual reality display device.
  • the present inventors have found that when a laminate having an alignment film that satisfies a predetermined film thickness variation and a light absorption anisotropic layer is introduced into a virtual reality display device, virtual reality
  • the present invention was completed based on the discovery that the display performance of a display device can be improved. That is, the present inventors have found that the above problem can be solved by the following configuration.
  • a laminate comprising an alignment film and a light absorption anisotropic layer provided on the alignment film, the light absorption anisotropic layer contains a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance, A laminate in which the thickness variation of the alignment film is 10% or less.
  • the dichroic substance contains a dichroic azo dye compound having a thienothiazole skeleton.
  • the content of the dichroic substance contained in the light absorption anisotropic layer is 40 to 250 mg/cm 3 .
  • the alignment film contains a polymer compound, While irradiating an ion beam from the surface of the alignment film on the light-absorbing anisotropic layer side to the surface on the opposite side of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer, the polymer in the alignment film is analyzed using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. When measuring the secondary ion strength derived from the compound, the maximum value of the secondary ion strength derived from the polymer compound exists in a region from the surface opposite to the light absorption anisotropic layer to a thickness of 100 nm.
  • the laminate according to any one of [1] to [3].
  • [5] The laminate according to [4], wherein the polymer compound has a repeating unit represented by formula (2) described below.
  • a protective layer is provided on the side opposite to the alignment film of the light absorption anisotropic layer,
  • the protective layer is made of a polyvinyl alcohol resin film.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has an oxygen coefficient of 200 cc/m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm or less.
  • a method for producing a laminate for producing the laminate according to any one of [1] to [10], comprising: an alignment film forming step of forming an alignment film on the base material using a composition for forming an alignment film; After the alignment film forming step, a light absorption anisotropic layer is formed on the alignment film using a composition for forming a light absorption anisotropic layer containing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance.
  • a method for manufacturing a laminate which comprises, after the light-absorbing anisotropic layer forming step, a base material peeling step of peeling off the base material to produce a laminate of an alignment film and a light-absorbing anisotropic layer.
  • the composition for forming an alignment film contains a polymer compound, The method for producing a laminate according to [11], wherein the absolute value of the difference between the SP value of the polymer compound and the SP value of the base material is 1.7 MPa 1/2 or less.
  • the method for producing a laminate according to [11] or [12], wherein the composition for forming an alignment film has a viscosity at 25° C. of 2 mPa ⁇ s or more and less than 10 mPa ⁇ s.
  • the alignment film forming step includes a drying process in which the composition for forming an alignment film is applied onto the base material, and then the coating film having a solid content concentration of 60% or less is dried with wind at a wind speed of 2 m or less. , the method for producing a laminate according to any one of [11] to [13].
  • a virtual reality display can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining variations in the thickness of an alignment film.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the virtual reality display device of the present invention.
  • a numerical range expressed using " ⁇ " means a range that includes the numerical values written before and after " ⁇ " as the lower limit and upper limit.
  • each component may use one type of substance corresponding to each component, or may use two or more types in combination.
  • the content of the component refers to the total content of the substances used in combination, unless otherwise specified.
  • (meth)acrylic is a notation representing "acrylic” or "methacrylic”.
  • Re( ⁇ ) and Rth( ⁇ ) represent in-plane retardation and thickness direction retardation at wavelength ⁇ , respectively.
  • the wavelength ⁇ is 550 nm unless otherwise specified.
  • the laminate of the present invention is a laminate including an alignment film and a light-absorbing anisotropic layer provided on the alignment film. Further, the light absorption anisotropic layer included in the laminate of the present invention contains a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance. Further, the thickness variation of the alignment film included in the laminate of the present invention is 10% or less.
  • the coefficient of variation of the alignment film refers to a value calculated by the following procedure.
  • a laminate including an alignment film for example, a laminate having a base material, an alignment film, and a light absorption anisotropic layer
  • an interference film thickness measuring device for example, FE3000 manufactured by Otsuka Electronics, etc.
  • the reflectance is measured at a lens magnification of 25 times. Note that the measurement is performed at 101 points at an arbitrary distance of 10 cm at a pitch of 1 mm.
  • the measurement should be performed by selecting the straight line that has the longest distance between the intersection of the object and the straight line when overlapping the lines on the object.
  • the selected line was divided into 100 equal parts and the thickness of each point was measured.
  • the refractive index in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 800 nm is calculated using the fundamental analysis method, and the calculated refractive index is used to perform fitting in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 800 nm using the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) method. and calculate the film thickness.
  • the unit of film thickness is [nm].
  • the region where the film thickness is thicker than the average film thickness (average value) is defined as the mountain peak, and the film thickness is defined as the region where the film thickness is thicker than the average thickness (average value).
  • the thin area is defined as the valley peak, the maximum value of the peak is the peak thickness, and the minimum value of the valley peak is the valley peak thickness. Define.
  • the film thickness variations of all adjacent elements are calculated, and the maximum value thereof is calculated as the film thickness variation reference value of the alignment film. Note that if it is difficult to measure with an interference film thickness measuring device, the thickness can also be measured by morphological observation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In this case, the laminate including the light-absorbing anisotropic layer is cut with a microtome to obtain a cross-section, and the cross-section is observed with an SEM at an appropriate magnification (20,000 to 50,000 times). Find the film thickness. Further, the sample may be subjected to appropriate treatment such as carbon deposition or etching to facilitate observation.
  • SEM scanning electron microscope
  • the acceleration voltage is optimized under the conditions of 1 kV to 10 kV.
  • the laminate may be peeled off from a base material such as a lens, or the cross section including the base material may be cut.
  • a straight line passing through the in-plane center of gravity is divided into 10 equal parts, and 9 points excluding the edges are measured, and the average thickness of the alignment film and the alignment film are measured in the same manner as above.
  • the film thickness variation reference value was calculated.
  • the film thickness variation value will be determined based on the measurement results with the interference film thickness measurement device.
  • the laminate of the present invention when the laminate of the present invention includes an alignment film with a film thickness variation of 10% or less and a light-absorbing anisotropic layer, the laminate of the present invention can be used in a virtual reality display device. Performance can be improved. This is considered to be because by using an alignment film with a film thickness variation of 10% or less, undesirable reflection by a portion of the light rays emitted from the display panel was suppressed, and distortion of the virtual image was suppressed. Among the many optical members used in virtual reality display devices, focusing on the alignment film, the effect that display performance can be improved by reducing the film thickness variation to 10% or less is remarkable. It can be said to be an effect (effect without predictability).
  • the alignment film and light absorption anisotropic layer included in the laminate of the present invention will be explained below.
  • the alignment film included in the laminate of the present invention is an alignment film with a film thickness variation of 10% or less, preferably an alignment film with a film thickness variation of more than 0% and 6% or less. It is more preferable that the alignment film has a thickness variation of more than 0% and 3% or less.
  • the alignment film included in the laminate of the present invention is not particularly limited in terms of requirements other than that the film thickness variation is 10% or less, and it is possible to bring the light-absorbing anisotropic layer described below into a desired alignment state.
  • it may be a rubbed alignment film formed by rubbing treatment, or a photo alignment film formed by light irradiation.
  • a photo-alignment film is preferred.
  • Photoalignment compounds used in photoalignment films formed by light irradiation are described in numerous documents.
  • Preferable examples include photocrosslinkable silane derivatives described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-520878, Japanese Patent No. 2004-529220, and photocrosslinkable polyimides, polyamides, or esters described in Japanese Patent No. 4162850. More preferred are azo compounds, photocrosslinkable polyimides, polyamides, or esters.
  • a photosensitive compound having a photoalignable group that undergoes at least one of dimerization and isomerization due to the action of light as the photoalignment compound.
  • the photo-alignable group include a group having a cinnamic acid (cinnamoyl) structure (skeleton), a group having a coumarin structure (skeleton), a group having a chalcone structure (skeleton), and a group having a benzophenone structure (skeleton). , and a group having an anthracene structure (skeleton).
  • a group having a cinnamoyl structure and a group having a coumarin structure are preferred, and a group having a cinnamoyl structure is more preferred.
  • the photosensitive compound having the photoalignable group may further have a crosslinkable group.
  • the above-mentioned crosslinkable group is preferably a thermally crosslinkable group that causes a curing reaction by the action of heat, or a photocrosslinkable group that causes a curing reaction by the action of light, and has both a thermally crosslinkable group and a photocrosslinkable group. It may be a base.
  • the crosslinkable group include an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, a group represented by -NH-CH 2 -O-R (R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms), and an ethylenic group.
  • At least one selected from the group consisting of a group having an unsaturated double bond and a blocked isocyanate group can be mentioned.
  • an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, and a group having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond are preferred.
  • a 3-membered cyclic ether group is also called an epoxy group
  • a 4-membered cyclic ether group is also called an oxetanyl group.
  • group having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond examples include a vinyl group, an allyl group, a styryl group, an acryloyl group, and a methacryloyl group, and an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group is preferable.
  • a photo-alignment film formed from the above material is irradiated with linearly polarized light or non-polarized light to produce a photo-alignment film.
  • linearly polarized light irradiation and “non-polarized light irradiation” are operations for causing a photoreaction in a photoalignment material.
  • the wavelength of the light used varies depending on the photoalignment material used, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a wavelength necessary for the photoreaction.
  • the peak wavelength of the light used for light irradiation is preferably 200 nm to 700 nm, more preferably ultraviolet light having a peak wavelength of 400 nm or less.
  • the light sources used for light irradiation include commonly used light sources, such as tungsten lamps, halogen lamps, xenon lamps, xenon flash lamps, mercury lamps, mercury-xenon lamps, and carbon arc lamps, and various lasers [e.g., semiconductor lasers, helium Examples include neon lasers, argon ion lasers, helium cadmium lasers, and YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) lasers, light emitting diodes, and cathode ray tubes.
  • lasers e.g., semiconductor lasers, helium Examples include neon lasers, argon ion lasers, helium cadmium lasers, and YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) lasers, light emitting diodes, and cathode ray tubes.
  • a polarizing plate for example, an iodine polarizing plate, a dichroic dye polarizing plate, and a wire grid polarizing plate
  • a prism type element for example, a Glan-Thompson prism
  • a Brewster angle a method using a Brewster angle.
  • a method using a reflective polarizer, or a method using light emitted from a laser light source having polarized light can be adopted.
  • only light of a required wavelength may be selectively irradiated using a filter, a wavelength conversion element, or the like.
  • the irradiated light is linearly polarized light
  • a method is adopted in which the light is irradiated from the top or back surface of the alignment film perpendicularly or obliquely to the surface of the alignment film.
  • the incident angle of light varies depending on the photo-alignment material, but is preferably 0 to 90° (vertical), and preferably 40 to 90°.
  • the alignment film is irradiated with non-polarized light obliquely.
  • the angle of incidence is preferably 10 to 80 degrees, more preferably 20 to 60 degrees, and even more preferably 30 to 50 degrees.
  • the irradiation time is preferably 1 minute to 60 minutes, more preferably 1 minute to 10 minutes.
  • patterning is necessary, a method of applying light irradiation using a photomask as many times as necessary to create the pattern, or a method of writing a pattern by scanning a laser beam can be adopted.
  • the alignment film is preferably a photo-alignment film formed using an alignment film-forming composition containing a photo-alignment compound (particularly a photosensitive compound having a photo-alignment group).
  • the composition for forming an alignment film can freely control the releasability of the alignment film from an arbitrary member (for example, a base material) provided on the opposite side to the light-absorbing anisotropic layer.
  • a polymerization initiator is contained.
  • the polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include photoradical polymerization initiators and thermal cationic polymerization initiators depending on the type of polymerization reaction.
  • a photoradical polymerization initiator that can initiate a polymerization reaction by ultraviolet irradiation is preferable.
  • the photoradical polymerization initiator examples include ⁇ -carbonyl compounds, acyloin ethers, ⁇ -hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic acyloin compounds, polynuclear quinone compounds, combinations of triarylimidazole dimer and p-aminophenyl ketone, acridine and phenazine. compounds, oxadiazole compounds, and acylphosphine oxide compounds.
  • the content of the radical photopolymerization initiator is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass based on the total solid content of the composition for forming an alignment film. , more preferably 1 to 5% by mass.
  • the content of the thermal cationic polymerization initiator is preferably 1 to 30% by mass based on the total solid content of the composition for forming an alignment film. , more preferably 4 to 20% by mass.
  • the composition for forming an alignment film contains a solvent.
  • solvents include ketones (e.g., acetone, 2-butanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, and cyclohexanone), ethers (e.g., dioxane, and tetrahydrofuran), aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., hexane), cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g. cyclohexane), aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g. toluene, xylene, and trimethylbenzene), halogenated carbons (e.g.
  • ketones e.g., acetone, 2-butanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, and cyclohexanone
  • ethers e.g., dioxane, and tetrahydrofuran
  • aliphatic hydrocarbons e.g., he
  • One type of solvent may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
  • the alignment film does not contain a polymer compound because the alignment film has good releasability from an arbitrary member (for example, a base material) provided on the opposite side of the light absorption anisotropic layer.
  • time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry When measuring the secondary ion intensity derived from the polymer compound in the alignment film using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), the maximum value of the secondary ion intensity derived from the polymer compound was determined by light absorption. Preferably, it exists in a region from the surface opposite to the anisotropic layer to a thickness of 100 nm.
  • the alignment film contains two or more types of polymer compounds, it is sufficient that at least one type of polymer compound is unevenly distributed on the side opposite to the light-absorbing anisotropic layer.
  • the fact that the maximum value of the secondary ion intensity derived from the polymer compound exists in the region from the surface opposite to the light absorption anisotropic layer to a thickness of 100 nm is simply referred to as " The polymer compound is unevenly distributed on the side opposite to the light-absorbing anisotropic layer.
  • TOF-SIMS at the position where the secondary ion intensity derived from the polymer compound shows the maximum value.
  • One example is how to evaluate. Specifically, when analyzing the components in the depth direction of the stacked body using TOF-SIMS while irradiating the ion beam, after performing the component analysis in the surface depth region of 1 to 2 nm, a further 1 nm in the depth direction is analyzed. By repeating a series of operations of digging several hundred nm from the surface and performing component analysis in the next surface depth region of 1 to 2 nm, confirmation can be made by the position where the ion intensity shows the maximum value.
  • the above-mentioned polymer compound is as described below because it provides good releasability from an arbitrary member (for example, a base material) provided on the opposite side of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer of the above-mentioned alignment film. It is preferable to have a repeating unit represented by formula (2).
  • the polymer compound is It is preferable that at least one specific compound is selected from the group consisting of a polymerizable polymer having a functional group and a polymer of the above-mentioned polymerizable polymer.
  • the polymerizable group possessed in the side chain is not particularly limited, but a polymerizable group capable of radical polymerization or cationic polymerization is preferable.
  • examples of the radically polymerizable group include (meth)acryloyl group, acrylamide group, vinyl group, styryl group, and allyl group.
  • examples of the cationically polymerizable group include a vinyl ether group, an oxiranyl group, and an oxetanyl group.
  • the polymerizable group is a (meth)acryloyl group from the viewpoint of easy control of releasability from an arbitrary member (for example, a base material) provided on the opposite side of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer of the alignment film. It is preferable that
  • the polymerizable polymer does not have the photo-alignable group described in the above-mentioned photo-alignable compound.
  • the structure of the main chain of the polymerizable polymer is not particularly limited, and examples include known structures such as (meth)acrylic skeleton, styrene skeleton, siloxane skeleton, cycloolefin skeleton, methylpentene skeleton, A skeleton selected from the group consisting of an amide skeleton and an aromatic ester skeleton is preferred. Among these, skeletons selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic skeletons, siloxane skeletons, and cycloolefin skeletons are more preferred, and (meth)acrylic skeletons are even more preferred.
  • the above-mentioned polymerizable polymer is selected from the following for the reason that the releasability from an arbitrary member (for example, a base material) provided on the opposite side of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer of the above-mentioned alignment film is better. It is preferable to have a repeating unit represented by formula (1).
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • L 1 represents a single bond or an n+1-valent linking group.
  • L 1 represents a divalent linking group
  • L 1 represents a trivalent linking group.
  • n represents 1.
  • examples of the divalent linking group include a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent (for example, an alkylene group), and an arylene that may have a substituent. group, heteroarylene which may have a substituent, -O-, -CO-, -NH-, or a combination of two or more of these.
  • Groups combining two or more of the above include divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups which may have a -CO-O- substituent, -O-, -CO-O- substituents, A divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, -NH-, and a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a -CO-O- substituent, -O-CO-NH- A divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a group can be mentioned.
  • trivalent linking group examples include a trivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, a trivalent aromatic group which may have a substituent, a nitrogen atom (>N-), And, groups that are a combination of these groups and the above-mentioned divalent linking group can be mentioned.
  • P 1 represents a polymerizable group.
  • the polymerizable group include the above-mentioned polymerizable groups capable of radical polymerization or cationic polymerization.
  • n represents an integer of 1 or more. Among these, n is preferably 1 or 2, and n is preferably 1 or 2, since the releasability from an arbitrary member (for example, a base material) provided on the opposite side of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer of the alignment film is better. is more preferable.
  • an arbitrary member for example, a base material
  • the content of the repeating unit represented by the above formula (1) is preferably 20% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, and 50% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of all repeating units of the polymerizable polymer. is even more preferable.
  • the upper limit is not particularly limited, but may be 100% by mass, and is often 95% by mass or less.
  • repeating unit represented by the above formula (1) examples include the repeating units shown in Table 1 below, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the polymerizable polymer may have other repeating units in addition to the repeating unit represented by the above formula (1).
  • Other repeating units may be expressed by the following formula (2) because the releasability from an arbitrary member (for example, a base material) provided on the opposite side of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer of the alignment film is better.
  • the repeating unit represented is exemplified.
  • R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • L 2 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
  • the divalent linking group include the groups exemplified as the divalent linking group represented by L 1 described above.
  • R 3 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, or one or more of -CH 2 - constituting the aliphatic hydrocarbon group is -O-, -S-, -NH-, Represents a group substituted with -N(Q)- or -CO-.
  • Q represents a substituent.
  • the number of carbon atoms contained in the aliphatic hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 1 to 20, more preferably from 1 to 10.
  • the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be linear or branched. Further, the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may have a cyclic structure. Substituents are not particularly limited, but include, for example, alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, alkyl-substituted alkoxy groups, cyclic alkyl groups, aryl groups (e.g., phenyl groups and naphthyl groups), cyano groups, amino groups, nitro groups, alkylcarbonyl groups. group, sulfo group, and hydroxyl group.
  • the content of the other repeating units is not particularly limited, but the content of the other repeating units (for example, the repeating unit represented by formula (2) above) is not particularly limited, but It is preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or less, and even more preferably 30% by mass or less, based on the total mass.
  • the lower limit is not particularly limited, but may be 5% by mass or more.
  • repeating units include, for example, the repeating units shown in Table 2 below, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the above-mentioned alignment film has better releasability from an arbitrary member (for example, a base material) provided on the opposite side to the light-absorbing anisotropic layer, and also ensures solubility in the coating liquid.
  • the weight average molecular weight of the polymer compound is preferably 5,000 to 100,000, more preferably 7,500 to 50,000.
  • the weight average molecular weight is a value measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the conditions shown below.
  • the above-mentioned polymer compound is used in the above-mentioned specific method because the releasability of the above-mentioned alignment film from an arbitrary member (for example, a base material) provided on the opposite side to the light-absorbing anisotropic layer is better.
  • an arbitrary member for example, a base material
  • a polymer of the above polymerizable polymer that is, a crosslinked product of the above polymerizable polymer is preferable.
  • the content of the polymer compound is preferably 0.2 to 20% by mass based on the mass of the alignment film because the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer is increased as will be described later.
  • the content is preferably 0.3 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.4 to 8% by weight.
  • the above-mentioned alignment film (particularly the photo-alignment film) is provided at the interface because the display performance of the virtual reality display device can be further improved.
  • it contains an activator.
  • a surfactant it is expected that the smoothness of the coated surface will be improved, the degree of orientation will be further improved, and the in-plane uniformity will be improved by suppressing repellency and unevenness.
  • surfactants are described in paragraphs [0037] to [0053] of International Publication No. 2022/024683 because repellency is suppressed when forming a light-absorbing anisotropic layer on an alignment film.
  • Polymers having repeating units B hereinafter abbreviated as "acid-cleavable surfactants" can be suitably used.
  • the thickness of the alignment film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic layer included in the laminate of the present invention is a light-absorbing anisotropic layer containing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance, which is provided on the above-mentioned alignment film, and includes a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance. It is preferable that the layer has a fixed orientation state.
  • the liquid crystal compound, dichroic substance, and optional components contained in the light-absorbing anisotropic layer will be explained below.
  • liquid crystal compound both high molecular liquid crystal compounds and low molecular liquid crystal compounds can be used.
  • polymer liquid crystal compound refers to a liquid crystal compound having repeating units in its chemical structure.
  • low-molecular liquid crystal compound refers to a liquid crystal compound that does not have repeating units in its chemical structure.
  • the polymeric liquid crystal compound include the thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer described in JP-A No. 2011-237513, and the polymer described in paragraphs [0012] to [0042] of International Publication No. 2018/199096. Examples include molecular liquid crystal compounds.
  • Examples of the low-molecular liquid crystal compound include liquid crystal compounds described in paragraphs [0072] to [0088] of JP-A No. 2013-228706, and among them, liquid crystal compounds exhibiting smectic properties are preferred. Examples of such liquid crystal compounds include those described in paragraphs [0019] to [0140] of International Publication No. 2022/014340, and these descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the content of the liquid crystal compound is preferably 50 to 99% by mass, more preferably 75 to 90% by mass, based on the total mass of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer.
  • a dichroic substance refers to a dye whose absorbance differs depending on the direction.
  • the dichroic substance may or may not exhibit liquid crystallinity.
  • Dichroic substances are not particularly limited, and include visible light absorbing substances (dichroic dyes), luminescent substances (fluorescent substances, phosphorescent substances), ultraviolet absorbing substances, infrared absorbing substances, nonlinear optical substances, carbon nanotubes, and inorganic Examples include substances (for example, quantum rods), and conventionally known dichroic substances (dichroic dyes) can be used. Specifically, for example, paragraphs [0067] to [0071] of JP 2013-228706, paragraphs [0008] to [0026] of JP 2013-227532, and [0026] of JP 2013-209367.
  • a dichroic azo dye compound as the dichroic substance, and it is more preferable to use a dichroic azo dye compound having a thienothiazole skeleton.
  • a dichroic azo dye compound means an azo dye compound whose absorbance differs depending on the direction.
  • the dichroic azo dye compound may or may not exhibit liquid crystallinity. When the dichroic azo dye compound exhibits liquid crystallinity, it may exhibit either nematic or smectic properties.
  • the temperature range in which the liquid crystal phase is exhibited is preferably room temperature (approximately 20 to 28°C) to 300°C, and more preferably 50 to 200°C from the viewpoint of ease of handling and manufacturing suitability.
  • At least one dye compound (first dichroic azo dye compound) having a maximum absorption wavelength in a wavelength range of 560 to 700 nm and a wavelength range of 455 nm or more and less than 560 nm are used. It is preferable to use at least one type of dye compound (second dichroic azo dye compound) having a maximum absorption wavelength at .
  • three or more types of dichroic azo dye compounds may be used in combination.
  • a first dichroic azo dye compound and a second dichroic azo dye compound may be used together. It is preferable to use the dichroic azo dye compound and at least one kind of dye compound (third dichroic azo dye compound) having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 380 nm or more and less than 455 nm.
  • the dichroic azo dye compound has a crosslinkable group.
  • the crosslinkable group include a (meth)acryloyl group, an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, and a styryl group, of which a (meth)acryloyl group is preferred.
  • the content of the dichroic substance is not particularly limited, but it should be 3% by mass or more based on the total mass of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer, since the degree of orientation of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer to be formed becomes high.
  • the content is preferably 8% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more.
  • the upper limit of the content of the dichroic substance is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 29% by mass or less, and even more preferably 25% by mass or less based on the total mass of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer. .
  • the total amount of the plurality of dichroic substances is within the above range.
  • the content of the dichroic substance is preferably 10 to 400 mg/cm 3 , and 30 to 300 mg/cm 3 because the degree of orientation of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer to be formed becomes high. is more preferable, and even more preferably 40 to 250 mg/cm 3 .
  • the total amount of the plurality of dichroic substances is within the above range.
  • the content (mg/cm 3 ) of the dichroic substance is measured by high-performance liquid chromatography of a solution in which an optical laminate having a light-absorbing anisotropic layer is dissolved or an extract obtained by soaking an optical laminate in a solvent.
  • the method is not limited to the above method.
  • quantification can be performed by using the dichroic substance contained in the light absorption anisotropic layer as a standard sample.
  • An example of a method for calculating the content of dichroic substances is to calculate the thickness of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer obtained from the microscopic image of the cross section of the optical laminate and the area of the optical laminate used to measure the amount of dye.
  • An example of a method is to calculate the volume by the product of , and divide the volume by the amount of pigment measured by HPLC to calculate the pigment content.
  • the thickness of the light absorption anisotropic layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the method for producing the light absorption anisotropic layer is not particularly limited, but since the degree of orientation of the dichroic substance is higher, a light absorption anisotropic layer containing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance may be used on the above-mentioned alignment film.
  • a step of applying a composition for forming a transparent layer to form a coating film (hereinafter also referred to as a “coating film forming step"), and a step of orienting a liquid crystal component contained in the coating film (hereinafter referred to as an "orientation step”) ) in this order (hereinafter also referred to as "this manufacturing method”) is preferable.
  • the liquid crystal component is a component that includes not only the above-mentioned liquid crystal compound but also a dichroic substance having liquid crystal properties.
  • the coating film forming step is a step of coating the above-mentioned light-absorbing anisotropic layer forming composition on the alignment film to form a coating film.
  • Orientation can be achieved by using a light-absorbing anisotropic layer-forming composition containing the above-mentioned solvent, or by heating the light-absorbing anisotropic layer-forming composition to form a liquid such as a melt. It becomes easy to apply the composition for forming a light-absorbing anisotropic layer onto the film.
  • Application methods for the light-absorbing anisotropic layer-forming composition include roll coating, gravure printing, spin coating, wire bar coating, extrusion coating, direct gravure coating, reverse gravure coating, and die coating. , a spray method, and an inkjet method.
  • the alignment step is a step of aligning the liquid crystal component (especially dichroic substance) contained in the coating film.
  • the orientation process may include a drying process. Components such as solvents can be removed from the coating film by the drying process.
  • the drying treatment may be performed by leaving the coating film at room temperature for a predetermined period of time (for example, natural drying), or by heating and/or blowing air.
  • the orientation step includes heat treatment.
  • the dichroic substance contained in the coating film is further oriented, and the degree of orientation of the dichroic substance is further increased.
  • the heat treatment is preferably performed at 10 to 250°C, more preferably from 25 to 190°C, from the viewpoint of manufacturing suitability.
  • the heating time is preferably 1 to 300 seconds, more preferably 1 to 60 seconds.
  • the orientation step may include a cooling treatment performed after the heat treatment.
  • the cooling treatment is a treatment in which the coated film after heating is cooled to about room temperature (20 to 25° C.).
  • the cooling means is not particularly limited, and any known method can be used.
  • This manufacturing method may include a step of curing the light-absorbing anisotropic layer (hereinafter also referred to as a "curing step") after the orientation step.
  • the curing step is performed, for example, by heating and/or light irradiation (exposure). Among these, it is preferable that the curing step is carried out by light irradiation.
  • Various light sources can be used for curing, including infrared rays, visible light, and ultraviolet rays, but ultraviolet rays are preferred.
  • ultraviolet rays may be irradiated while heating during curing, or ultraviolet rays may be irradiated through a filter that transmits only a specific wavelength.
  • the exposure may be performed under a nitrogen atmosphere. When curing of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer progresses by radical polymerization, it is preferable to perform exposure under a nitrogen atmosphere because inhibition of polymerization by oxygen is reduced.
  • the laminate of the present invention has a protective layer having an oxygen permeability coefficient of 200 cc/m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm or less on the side opposite to the alignment film of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer in order to improve durability. It is preferable that the protective layer has an oxygen permeability coefficient of 50 cc/m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm or less. Further, if there is a layer other than the above-mentioned protective layer that has the same characteristics as the protective layer, it is not necessary to provide the protective layer.
  • the oxygen permeability coefficient is an index representing the amount of oxygen passing through a membrane per unit time and unit area
  • the oxygen concentration is The value measured by a device (for example, MODEL 3600 manufactured by Huck Ultra Analytical, etc.) is used.
  • a protective layer specifically, for example, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyethylene vinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl ether, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, cellulose ether, polyamide, polyimide, styrene/maleic acid copolymer. , gelatin, vinylidene chloride, and films containing organic compounds such as cellulose nanofibers.
  • polyvinyl alcohol-based resin films or polyethylene vinyl alcohol-based resin films are preferred, and polyvinyl alcohol-based resin films are more preferred, because of their high oxygen blocking ability.
  • Examples of organic compounds included in the protective layer include polymerizable compounds with high hydrogen bonding properties and compounds with a large number of polymerizable groups per molecular weight due to their high oxygen blocking function.
  • Examples of compounds having a large number of polymerizable groups per molecular weight include pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate and dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate.
  • Examples of polymerizable compounds with high hydrogen bonding properties include epoxy compounds, and specific examples include compounds represented by the following formulas, and among them, 3',4'- represented by the following CEL2021P. Epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate is preferred.
  • the protective layer from the viewpoint of preventing the diffusion of the dichroic dye in the light absorption anisotropic layer during durability, a polymer having a hydrophilic group described in paragraph [0056] of International Publication 2019-22121, or a special polymer may be used. It is also preferable to use water-soluble polymers described in paragraphs [0117] to [0133] of JP-A No. 2017-083483.
  • the laminate of the present invention may or may not have an adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive constituting the adhesive layer include adhesives and adhesives.
  • adhesives include rubber adhesives, acrylic adhesives, silicone adhesives, urethane adhesives, vinyl alkyl ether adhesives, polyvinyl alcohol adhesives, polyvinylpyrrolidone adhesives, and polyacrylamide adhesives. and cellulose adhesives, with acrylic adhesives (pressure sensitive adhesives) being preferred.
  • the adhesive include water-based adhesives, solvent-based adhesives, emulsion-based adhesives, solvent-free adhesives, active energy ray-curable adhesives, and thermosetting adhesives.
  • active energy ray curable adhesives include electron beam curable adhesives, ultraviolet ray curable adhesives, and visible light curable adhesives, with ultraviolet ray curable adhesives being preferred.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of thinning, it is preferably 25 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 15 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the lower limit is not particularly limited, and is often 0.1 ⁇ m or more.
  • the adhesive layer a function to improve the durability of the protective layer, the light-absorbing anisotropic layer and the adhesive layer can be combined without providing a protective layer. It is also preferable to configure the adhesive layers to be adjacent to each other. For example, a configuration may be mentioned in which an alignment layer, a light absorption anisotropic layer, an adhesive layer, and a retardation layer are arranged adjacent to each other in this order. Further, the adhesive layer may have a function of preventing diffusion of the dichroic dye in the light absorption anisotropic layer during durability.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has an oxygen permeability coefficient of 200 cc/m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm or less, for example, and an oxygen permeability coefficient of 50 cc/m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm. It is more preferable to set it as below.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having the above-mentioned diffusion prevention function include an adhesive containing polyvinyl alcohol as a main component, a UV adhesive with low oxygen permeability, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive having a hydrophilic group-containing polymer.
  • the method for producing a laminate of the present invention includes an alignment film forming step of forming an alignment film on a substrate using a composition for forming an alignment film, and after the alignment film forming step, a liquid crystal compound and a liquid crystal compound are added on the alignment film.
  • a liquid crystal compound and a liquid crystal compound are added on the alignment film.
  • the base material used in the alignment film forming step is not particularly limited, and any known base material can be used. In particular, it is preferable to use a transparent base material.
  • the transparent base material is intended to be a base material having a visible light transmittance of 60% or more, and the transmittance is preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 90% or more.
  • the base material examples include a glass substrate and a polymer film.
  • Materials for the polymer film include, for example, cellulose polymers; acrylic polymers having acrylic acid ester polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate and lactone ring-containing polymers; thermoplastic norbornene polymers; polycarbonate polymers; polyethylene terephthalate; Polyester polymers such as polyethylene naphthalate; Styrene polymers such as polystyrene and acrylonitrile styrene copolymers; Polyolefin polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene-propylene copolymers; Vinyl chloride polymers; Nylon, aromatic polyamides Amide polymers; Imide polymers; Sulfone polymers; Polyethersulfone polymers; Polyetheretherketone polymers; Polyphenylene sulfide polymers; Vinylidene chloride polymers; Vinyl alcohol polymers; Vinyl butyral polymers; Arylate polymers ; polyoxymethylene polymer; epoxy poly
  • cellulose polymers particularly polymer films using cellulose acylate polymers (cellulose acylate films) are preferred.
  • the thickness of the base material is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 30 to 80 ⁇ m.
  • composition for forming alignment film is not particularly limited, but for example, when forming a photoalignment film, which is a preferred embodiment of the alignment film, as described above, a photoalignment compound (especially a photosensitive compound having a photoalignment group) is used. ), a composition containing a polymerization initiator and a solvent, and the like.
  • the composition for forming an alignment film contains the above-mentioned polymer compound and the SP value of the above-mentioned polymer compound because the substrate can be easily peeled off in the substrate peeling step described later.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the SP value and the SP value of the base material described above is 1.7 MPa 1/2 or less.
  • the lower limit is not particularly limited, but may be 0.
  • the SP value is the non-dispersive force component ⁇ a of the SP value calculated by the method of Hoy et al. intend. That is, the ⁇ a value can be calculated by the following formula (X) using the three-dimensional SP values ( ⁇ d, ⁇ p, ⁇ h) calculated by the method of Hoy et al.
  • each value of ⁇ d, ⁇ p, and ⁇ h can be calculated from the chemical structural formula of the desired compound.
  • calculate the sum by multiplying the square value of the three-dimensional SP value of each repeating unit ( ⁇ d 2 , ⁇ p 2 , ⁇ h 2 ) by the volume fraction of each repeating unit.
  • the viscosity of the composition for forming an alignment film at 25° C. is set to 2 mPa ⁇ s or more and 10 mPa ⁇ s or more because it is easy to adjust the film thickness variation of the formed alignment film to 10% or less. It is preferably less than 2 mPa ⁇ s, and more preferably 2 mPa ⁇ s or more and 5 mPa ⁇ s or less.
  • the viscosity at 25° C. of the composition for forming an alignment film can be measured using a cone-plate rotational viscometer according to JIS Z 8803 (2011).
  • the alignment film forming step involves coating the composition for forming an alignment film on the base material because it becomes easier to adjust the thickness variation of the alignment film to be formed to 10% or less.
  • the wind speed in the drying process is preferably 2.0 m or less, more preferably 1.0 m or less.
  • the above drying treatment is applicable not only to coating films with a solid content of 60% by mass or less, but also to coating films with a solid content of more than 60% by mass, that is, coatings immediately after applying the composition for forming an alignment film on a substrate. It may also be applied to membranes.
  • the method for forming an alignment film using the composition for forming an alignment film is not particularly limited in terms of conditions other than the viscosity of the composition for forming an alignment film and the drying treatment described above, and conventionally known methods may be adopted. Can be done. Specifically, when forming a photo-alignment film, which is a preferred embodiment of the alignment film, for example, a coating step of coating the alignment film-forming composition on the above-mentioned base material to form a first coating film.
  • UV polarized ultraviolet rays
  • the coating method in the coating step is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, and examples thereof include spin coating, die coating, gravure coating, flexographic printing, inkjet printing, and the like.
  • the temperature of the drying step is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature that can dry and remove the organic solvent contained in the first coating film, but if the composition for forming an alignment film contains a polymerization initiator, From the viewpoint of causing a polymerization reaction, the temperature is preferably 120 to 160°C, more preferably 130 to 150°C. Further, the time of the drying step is not particularly limited as long as the temperature is such that the organic solvent contained in the first coating film can be dried and removed. is preferably from 30 seconds to 5 minutes, more preferably from 1 minute to 3 minutes, from the viewpoint of allowing the polymerization reaction to proceed sufficiently.
  • the polarized light irradiated to the first dry film is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, elliptically polarized light, and the like, and among them, linearly polarized light is preferable.
  • the "oblique direction" in which non-polarized light is irradiated is not particularly limited as long as it is a direction tilted at a polar angle ⁇ (0 ⁇ 90°) with respect to the normal direction of the coating surface, and it depends on the purpose. It is preferable that ⁇ is 20 to 80°.
  • the wavelength of polarized or non-polarized light is not particularly limited as long as it can provide the first dry film with the ability to control the alignment of liquid crystal molecules, and examples thereof include ultraviolet rays, near ultraviolet rays, visible light, and the like. Among these, near ultraviolet light of 250 nm to 450 nm is particularly preferred.
  • examples of light sources for irradiating polarized or non-polarized light include xenon lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high-pressure mercury lamps, and metal halide lamps.
  • an interference filter, a color filter, or the like with respect to the ultraviolet rays and visible light rays obtained from such a light source, it is possible to limit the wavelength range of irradiation.
  • a polarizing filter or a polarizing prism for the light from these light sources, linearly polarized light can be obtained.
  • the cumulative amount of polarized or non-polarized light is not particularly limited as long as it can impart the ability to control the alignment of liquid crystal molecules to the first dry film, and is preferably 1 to 300 mJ/cm 2 . , 5 to 100 mJ/cm 2 is more preferable.
  • the illuminance of polarized or non-polarized light is not particularly limited as long as it can provide the first dry film with the ability to control the alignment of liquid crystal molecules, but it is preferably 0.1 to 300 mW/ cm2 , and 1 to 100 mW. / cm2 is more preferable.
  • An example (first aspect) of the virtual reality display device of the present invention includes an image display panel, a first absorptive linear polarizer, a first retardation layer, a reflective circular polarizer, and a half mirror.
  • a virtual reality display device includes a second retardation layer, and a second absorptive linear polarizer in this order.
  • an image display panel, a first absorptive linear polarizer, a first retardation layer, a second retardation layer, and a reflective linear polarizer are provided as another example (second aspect).
  • a virtual reality display device includes a third phase difference, a half mirror, and a second absorptive linear polarizer in this order.
  • an image display panel, a first absorption linear polarizer, a first retardation layer, a half mirror, a reflective circular polarizer, and a second A virtual reality display device includes a retardation layer and a second absorptive linear polarizer in this order.
  • an image display panel, a first absorption type linear polarizer, a first retardation layer, a half mirror, a second retardation layer, and a reflective is a virtual reality display device having a linear polarizer of the type linear polarizer and a linear polarizer of the second absorption type in this order.
  • the second absorption type linear polarizer is the above-described laminate of the present invention. Moreover, it is preferable that the virtual reality display device of the present invention has a third retardation layer between the image display panel and the first absorption type linear polarizer. Further, it is also preferable that the virtual reality display device of the present invention has a fourth retardation layer on the viewing side of the second absorption type linear polarizer.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the virtual reality display device of the present invention.
  • the virtual reality display device 100 shown in FIG. 2 includes an image display panel 70, a first absorptive linear polarizer 21, a first retardation layer 11, a reflective circular polarizer 30, a half mirror 40, This is a virtual reality display device including a second retardation layer 12 and a second absorption type linear polarizer 22 in this order.
  • the virtual reality display device 100 shown in FIG. 2 includes a third retardation layer 13 between the image display panel 70 and the first absorption linear polarizer 21.
  • the virtual reality display device 100 shown in FIG. 2 includes an antireflection layer 50 and a positive C plate 60.
  • image display panel As the image display panel, a known image display panel can be used.
  • display panels such as organic electroluminescence display panels, LED (Light Emitting Diode) display panels, and micro LED display panels in which self-luminous fine light emitters are arranged on a transparent substrate; liquid crystal display panels; etc. can be used.
  • organic electroluminescent display devices are also referred to as OLEDs.
  • OLED is an abbreviation for "Organic Light Emitting Diode.”
  • the retardation layer has a function of converting the emitted light into approximately linearly polarized light when circularly polarized light is incident thereon.
  • a ⁇ /4 retardation layer in which Re is approximately 1/4 wavelength at any wavelength in the visible range and in this case, the in-plane retardation Re (550) is 120 nm to 150 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm.
  • the wavelength is preferably from 125 nm to 145 nm, even more preferably from 135 nm to 140 nm.
  • a retardation layer in which Re is about 3/4 wavelength or about 5/4 wavelength is also preferable because it can convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light.
  • the retardation layer has reverse dispersion with respect to wavelength. It is preferable to have inverse dispersion because circularly polarized light can be converted into linearly polarized light over a wide wavelength range in the visible region.
  • having an inverse dispersion property with respect to a wavelength means that as the wavelength becomes larger, the value of the phase difference at that wavelength becomes larger.
  • a retardation layer having reverse dispersibility can be produced by uniaxially stretching a polymer film such as a modified polycarbonate resin film having reverse dispersion, for example, with reference to JP 2017-049574 A and the like. Further, the retardation layer having reverse dispersion property only needs to have substantially reverse dispersion property, and for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent No.
  • Re is approximately 1/4 wavelength. It can also be produced by laminating a retardation layer and a retardation layer with Re of about 1/2 wavelength so that their slow axes form an angle of about 60°. At this time, even if the 1/4 wavelength retardation layer and the 1/2 wavelength retardation layer each have normal dispersion (as the wavelength increases, the value of the retardation at that wavelength decreases), the visible range It is known that circularly polarized light can be converted into linearly polarized light over a wide wavelength range and can be considered to have substantially reverse dispersion.
  • the retardation layer has a layer formed by fixing a uniformly oriented liquid crystal compound.
  • a layer in which a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound is uniformly aligned horizontally to the in-plane direction, or a layer in which a disc-shaped liquid crystal compound is uniformly aligned perpendicular to the in-plane direction can be used.
  • a retardation layer having reverse dispersion property can be produced by uniformly aligning and fixing a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound having reverse dispersion property, with reference to JP-A No. 2020-084070. can.
  • the retardation layer has a layer formed by immobilizing a liquid crystal compound twisted and oriented with the thickness direction as a helical axis.
  • a retardation layer having a layer formed by fixing a rod-like liquid crystal compound or a disk-like liquid crystal compound twisted and oriented with the thickness direction as the helical axis is used. It can also be used, and in this case, the retardation layer can be considered to have substantially reverse dispersion properties, which is preferable.
  • the thickness of the retardation layer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of thinning, it is preferably 0.1 to 8 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.3 to 5 ⁇ m.
  • a positive C plate having a retardation in the thickness direction (Rth(550)) of ⁇ 150 to ⁇ 50 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm is preferable.
  • the retardation (Rth(550)) of the positive C plate in the thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm is ⁇ 150 to ⁇ 50 nm, preferably ⁇ 130 to ⁇ 60 nm, and more preferably ⁇ 120 to ⁇ 70 nm.
  • the thickness of the positive C plate is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of thinning, it is preferably 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m. Further, when providing the positive C plate, only the positive C plate may be provided alone by transfer or coating, but other functional layers may be provided together with the positive C plate if necessary. Such a functional layer can be a protective film, a hard coat layer, or a cushion layer. As the protective film, each of the films listed above as the protective film for the polarizer can be used.
  • the material constituting the positive C plate is not particularly limited, but it is preferably formed from a composition containing a liquid crystal compound. Formation from a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound is preferable in terms of durability over time and degree of alignment order. Such a positive C plate can typically be obtained by vertically aligning a rod-shaped polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in a polymerizable liquid crystal composition and fixing the alignment state by polymerization. Moreover, it can also be formed from a composition containing a side chain type polymeric liquid crystal compound as the liquid crystal compound.
  • An absorption type linear polarizer is an absorption type polarizer that absorbs linearly polarized light in the absorption axis direction of incident light and transmits linearly polarized light in the transmission axis direction.
  • a general polarizer can be used as the absorption type linear polarizer.
  • a polarizer made by dyeing polyvinyl alcohol or other polymeric resin with a dichroic substance and oriented by stretching the polarizer may be used.
  • it may be a polarizer in which a dichroic substance is oriented using the alignment of a liquid crystal compound.
  • a polarizer made of polyvinyl alcohol dyed with iodine and stretched is preferable.
  • the above-described laminate of the present invention is used as the second absorption type linear polarizer.
  • the thickness of the absorption type linear polarizer is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 7 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the single-plate transmittance of the absorption type linear polarizer is preferably 40% or more, more preferably 42% or more.
  • the degree of polarization is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, and even more preferably 99% or more.
  • the single-plate transmittance and polarization degree of an absorption type linear polarizer are measured using an automatic polarizing film measuring device: VAP-7070 (manufactured by JASCO Corporation). Further, it is preferable that the direction of the transmission axis of the absorption type linear polarizer corresponds to the direction of the polarization axis of the light converted into linearly polarized light by the retardation layer. For example, when the absorption type retardation layer has a ⁇ /4 retardation, the angle between the transmission axis of the absorption type linear polarizer and the slow axis of the ⁇ /4 retardation layer is preferably approximately 45°. .
  • a half mirror is a conventionally known half mirror that transmits about half of the incident light and reflects the remaining half.
  • the transmittance of the half mirror is preferably 50 ⁇ 30%, more preferably 50 ⁇ 10%, and most preferably 50%.
  • a metal such as silver or aluminum is coated on a base material made of transparent resin such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), cycloolefin polymer (COP), or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or glass.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • COP cycloolefin polymer
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • a structure having a reflective layer consisting of the following may be mentioned.
  • a reflective layer made of metal such as silver or aluminum can be formed on the surface of the base material by vapor deposition or the like.
  • the thickness of the reflective layer is preferably 1 to 20 nm, more preferably 2 to 10 nm, and even more preferably 3 to 6 nm. Moreover, it is preferable that the base material has no retardation. From that point of view, the base material of the half mirror is preferably cycloolefin polymer (COP), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or glass.
  • COP cycloolefin polymer
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • a reflective circular polarizer is a polarizer that transmits right-handed or left-handed circularly polarized light and reflects circularly polarized light whose rotation direction is opposite to that of the transmitted circularly polarized light.
  • An example of the reflective circular polarizer is a reflective circular polarizer having a cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is a liquid crystal phase formed by fixing a cholesterically aligned liquid crystal phase (cholesteric liquid crystal phase).
  • a cholesteric liquid crystal layer has a helical structure in which liquid crystal compounds are spirally rotated and stacked.
  • the liquid crystal compound has a structure in which a plurality of periods (helical period) of a liquid crystal compound spirally swirling are stacked.
  • a cholesteric liquid crystal layer reflects right-handed or left-handed circularly polarized light in a specific wavelength range and transmits other light, depending on the length of the helical period and the direction of spiral rotation (sense) caused by the liquid crystal compound. do.
  • a reflective circular polarizer for example, a cholesteric liquid crystal layer with a center wavelength of selective reflection for red light, a center wavelength of selective reflection for green light, etc. It may have a plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal layers, such as a cholesteric liquid crystal layer having a wavelength and a cholesteric liquid crystal layer having a center wavelength for selectively reflecting blue light.
  • the reflective circular polarizer when it has a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, it may have a support and an alignment film for aligning the liquid crystal compound in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • the thickness of the reflective circular polarizer is determined depending on the type of reflective circular polarizer, etc., so that it can sufficiently reflect the polarized light that should be reflected and can sufficiently transmit the polarized light that should be transmitted. You can adjust it accordingly.
  • the virtual reality display device of the present invention can include a reflective linear polarizer.
  • a reflective linear polarizer can have the function of reflecting a portion of the light emitted from the image display panel, causing it to reciprocate within the optical system, and increasing the optical path length.
  • the reflective linear polarizer preferably has a high degree of polarization from the viewpoint of suppressing stray light and ghosts.
  • As the reflective linear polarizer a film obtained by stretching a dielectric multilayer film, a wire grid polarizer, or the like as described in JP-A-2011-053705 can be used.
  • reflective polarizers (trade names: APF, IQPE) manufactured by 3M Corporation, wire grid polarizers (trade name: WGF), manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation, etc. can be suitably used.
  • the virtual reality display device of the present invention can use a curved substrate as the base material (for example, the member between the second retardation layer 12 and the half mirror 40 in FIG. 2).
  • the curved shape means a shape having a curvature exceeding 0, and includes a curved shape that is a developable surface and a three-dimensional curved shape.
  • a developable surface means a surface that can be developed into a flat surface without expanding or contracting each part of the surface.
  • a developable surface is a surface that can be developed into a flat surface without expanding or contracting each part of the surface.
  • Curved surfaces include, for example, a cylindrical circumferential surface, an elliptical cylindrical circumferential surface, a conical circumferential surface, and an elliptical conical circumferential surface. Examples include a surface that corresponds to a part or all of a surface, and may be a convex curved surface or a concave curved surface.
  • a three-dimensional curved surface is a curved surface that cannot be formed by deforming a plane, that is, a curved surface that is not a developable surface.
  • Three-dimensional curved surfaces include surfaces that correspond to part or all of spherical surfaces and ellipsoidal surfaces, and surfaces that have a parabolic cross section. Examples include a surface corresponding to part or all of a curved surface such as a hyperbola or a hyperbola, and may be a convex curved surface or a concave curved surface.
  • the curved substrate only needs to have a curved shape in at least a portion thereof, and may have a shape that is a combination of a planar shape and a curved shape, or may have a curved shape as a whole.
  • the curved surface included in the curved substrate may consist of either a developable curved surface or a three-dimensional curved surface, or a combination of a developable curved surface and a three-dimensional curved surface, or a curved surface that is a developable surface and a three-dimensional curved surface. It may be composed of a curved surface that is an expanded surface and/or a combination of a three-dimensional curved surface and a flat surface.
  • the curved surface shape of the curved substrate is preferably lens-shaped.
  • the lens-like curved surface shape means a curved surface shape whose curvature is constant in all directions on the curved surface.
  • Examples of the lens-like curved surface shape include a spherical surface, an ellipsoidal surface, a hemispherical surface, a semi-ellipsoidal surface, and the like, and may be a convex lens shape or a concave lens shape.
  • the curved substrate preferably satisfies formula (1).
  • R represents the radius of curvature of the portion with the smallest curvature in the curved substrate.
  • Equation (1) means that the radius of curvature of the gentlest curved surface of the curved substrate is 20 mm or more and 300 mm or less.
  • the radius of curvature R of the portion with the smallest curvature in the curved substrate (hereinafter also simply referred to as "radius of curvature R”) may be, for example, 250 mm or less, or 200 mm or less. Further, the radius of curvature R is more preferably 25 mm or more, and still more preferably 30 mm or more. When the radius of curvature R is equal to or greater than the above lower limit, lamination properties are more likely to be improved.
  • the radius of curvature R' of the portion with the largest curvature in the curved substrate (hereinafter also simply referred to as "radius of curvature R'") is preferably 10 mm or more, more preferably 15 mm or more, even more preferably 20 mm or more, particularly preferably 25 mm or more. , particularly preferably 30 mm or more.
  • the radius of curvature R' may be, for example, 250 mm or less, 200 mm or less, or 150 mm or less. Note that when the curved surface included in the curved substrate has the same curvature in all directions, such as a lens-like curved surface, the radius of curvature R'' is usually greater than or equal to the lower limit of the radius of curvature R'. , and is less than or equal to the upper limit of the radius of curvature R.
  • the curved substrate is not particularly limited as long as it is made of a material that can form a desired curved shape, and may be appropriately selected from known materials depending on the desired curved shape, the use of the polarizing plate, etc. Examples include glass substrates, film substrates, metal substrates, and the like. From the viewpoint of easy formation of various curved surface shapes, the curved substrate is preferably made of a glass substrate or a film substrate, more preferably a glass substrate or a resin film substrate.
  • Examples of the light-transmitting base material include a glass base material, a transparent resin film base material, and the like.
  • the resin constituting the resin film base material include polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and norbornene-based polymers; polyvinyl alcohol; polyethylene terephthalate; polymethacrylic acid ester; polyacrylic acid ester; cellulose ester; polyethylene naphthalate; polycarbonate; Examples include sulfone; polyether sulfone; polyether ketone; polyphenylene sulfide; and polyphenylene oxide. From the viewpoint of forming a polarizer, a glass base material or a material having a similar hardness is suitable as the base material.
  • the surface of the surface substrate may be subjected to surface treatment such as corona treatment or plasma treatment, or mold release treatment such as silicone treatment. Furthermore, the surface of the substrate on the side on which the polarizer is not laminated may be subjected to hard coat treatment, antireflection treatment, antistatic treatment, or the like.
  • the thickness of the curved substrate may be appropriately determined depending on the curved shape, the material forming the curved substrate, the use of the virtual reality display device, etc.
  • the entire curved substrate may have the same thickness or may have different thicknesses.
  • the thickness of the curved substrate is, for example, 30 ⁇ m to 5 cm, preferably 100 ⁇ m to 3.5 cm, and more preferably 500 ⁇ m to 3 cm.
  • Example 1 [Preparation of base material 1] The following composition was put into a mixing tank, stirred, and further heated at 90° C. for 10 minutes. Thereafter, the resulting composition was filtered through a filter paper with an average pore size of 34 ⁇ m and a sintered metal filter with an average pore size of 10 ⁇ m to prepare a dope.
  • the solid content concentration of the dope is 23.5% by mass
  • the amount of plasticizer added is the ratio to cellulose acylate
  • Cellulose acylate dope ⁇ - Cellulose acylate (acetyl substitution degree 2.86, viscosity average degree of polymerization 310) 100 parts by mass - Sugar ester compound 1 (formula (S4) below) 6.0 parts by mass - Sugar ester compound 2 (formula (S5) below) 2.0 parts by mass 0.1 parts by mass of silica particle dispersion (AEROSIL R972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) 351.9 parts by mass of solvent (methylene chloride/methanol/butanol) ⁇
  • AEROSIL R972 silica particle dispersion
  • the dope produced above was cast using a drum film forming machine.
  • the dope was cast from a die onto a metal support cooled to 0° C. and then the resulting web (film) was stripped from the drum.
  • the drum was made of SUS (stainless steel).
  • the web (film) obtained by casting is peeled off from the drum, it is dried for 20 minutes in a tenter device that clips both ends of the web with clips at 30 to 40°C during film transportation. did. Subsequently, the web was post-dried by zone heating while being rolled. After knurling the obtained web, it was wound up and used as a base material 1.
  • the film thickness of the obtained base material 1 was 60 ⁇ m
  • the in-plane retardation Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm was 1 nm
  • the retardation Rth (550) in the thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm was 35 nm.
  • composition B1 for forming a photo-alignment film was continuously applied onto the base material 1 using a wire bar.
  • the support on which the coating film has been formed is dried for 120 seconds with warm air at 140°C and a wind speed of 1 m/s, and then the coating film is irradiated with polarized ultraviolet light (10 mJ/cm 2 , using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp).
  • a photo-alignment film B1 was produced, and a base material 1 with a photo-alignment film was obtained.
  • the film thickness of the photo-alignment film B1 was 1.5 ⁇ m.
  • composition B1 for forming a photo-alignment film was 20%, and the viscosity was 3.5 mPa ⁇ s.
  • the intensity of secondary ions derived from the polymer compound PB-1 was measured using TOF-SIMS using the method described above for the photo-alignment film produced, it was found that the polymer compound PB-1 was a light-absorbing anisotropic layer. It was confirmed that it was unevenly distributed on the opposite side (base material 1 side). Further, the absolute value of the difference between the SP value of the polymer compound PB-1 in the photo-alignment film forming composition B1 and the SP value of the base material 1 was 1.5 MPa 1/2 .
  • Polymer PA-1 (photoalignment compound) (weight average molecular weight: 32000) (In the formula, the numerical value written for each repeating unit represents the content (mass%) of each repeating unit with respect to all repeating units.)
  • Acid-cleavable surfactant SA-1 (The numerical value written in each repeating unit represents the content (mass%) of each repeating unit with respect to all repeating units. Also, the weight average molecular weight was 78,000.)
  • a composition C1 for forming a light-absorbing anisotropic layer having the following composition was continuously applied with a wire bar to form a coating film.
  • the coating film was heated at 140°C for 15 seconds, followed by heat treatment at 80°C for 5 seconds, and the coating film was cooled to room temperature (23°C).
  • the coating film was heated at 75° C. for 60 seconds and cooled to room temperature again.
  • a light absorption anisotropic layer C1 (polarizer) (thickness: 1.5 mJ) is deposited on the photo alignment film B1. 8 ⁇ m) was formed.
  • the total content of the first dichroic substance Dye-C1, the second dichroic substance Dye-M1, and the third dichroic substance Dye-Y1 contained in the light absorption anisotropic layer C1 is , 220 mg/ cm3 .
  • the transmittance of the light absorption anisotropic layer C1 was measured in the wavelength range of 280 to 780 nm using a spectrophotometer, the average visible light transmittance was 42%.
  • the absorption axis of the light absorption anisotropic layer C1 was within the plane of the light absorption anisotropic layer C1 and was orthogonal to the width direction of the cellulose acylate film A1.
  • A-1 Polymerization initiator IRGACUREOXE-02 (manufactured by BASF) 0.17 parts by mass ⁇ Surfactant F-1 below 0.013 parts by mass ⁇ Cyclopentanone 92.14 parts by mass ⁇ Benzyl alcohol
  • Liquid crystal compound L-1 weight average molecular weight: 18000 (In the following formula, the numerical values ("59", “15”, “26") described in each repeating unit represent the content (mass%) of each repeating unit with respect to all repeating units.)
  • Liquid crystal compound L-2 (mixture of the following liquid crystal compounds (RA) (RB) (RC) at a ratio of 84:14:2 (mass ratio))
  • Surfactant F-1 weight average molecular weight: 15000 (In the formula, the numerical value written for each repeating unit represents the content (mass%) of each repeating unit with respect to all repeating units. Also, Ac means -C(O)CH 3. )
  • Coating liquid D2 having the following composition was continuously applied onto the light-absorbing anisotropic layer C1 using a wire bar. Thereafter, by drying with warm air at 80° C. for 5 minutes, a laminate with a protective layer D1 made of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) having a thickness of 0.6 ⁇ m was formed, that is, a substrate 1 (base material), a photo-aligned A laminate 1 was obtained which included the film B1, the light absorption anisotropic layer C1, and the protective layer D1 adjacent to each other in this order. Note that the oxygen permeability coefficient of the protective layer D1 was 6 cc/m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm.
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • composition of coating liquid D1 for forming protective layer ⁇ ⁇ 3.31 parts by mass of the following modified polyvinyl alcohol ⁇ 0.17 parts by mass of initiator IRGACURE 2959 (manufactured by BASF) ⁇ 0.07 parts by mass of glutaraldehyde ⁇ 0.05 parts by mass of pyridinium paratoluenesulfonate ⁇ Surfactant F- below 9 0.0018 parts by mass ⁇ Water 74.0 parts by mass ⁇ Ethanol 22.4 parts by mass ⁇ ---
  • Modified polyvinyl alcohol weight average molecular weight: 28,000 (In the formula below, the numerical value written for each repeating unit represents the content (mass%) of each repeating unit with respect to all repeating units.)
  • Example 2 The same method as in Example 1 except that the following surfactant F-1 (weight average molecular weight: 15,000) was used instead of the acid-cleavable surfactant SA-1 blended into the composition for forming a photo-alignment film. Thus, a laminate 2 was produced. ⁇ Surfactant F-1>
  • Example 3 A laminate 3 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the protective layer D1 was not formed.
  • Example 4 A laminate 4 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the acid-cleavable surfactant SA-1 was not blended into the composition for forming a photo-alignment film.
  • Example 5 Except that the acid-cleavable surfactant SA-1 was not blended into the composition for forming a photoalignment film, the blending amount of butyl acetate was adjusted to have a solid content concentration of 10%, and a viscosity of 1.1 mPa ⁇ s. A laminate 5 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • a laminate H1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the wind speed during drying after applying the composition for forming a photo-alignment film was changed from 1 m/s to 6 m/s.
  • composition C2 for forming a light-absorbing anisotropic layer was obtained by mixing the following components and stirring at 80° C. for 1 hour.
  • ⁇ Composition C2 for forming a light-absorbing anisotropic layer ⁇ - 75 parts by mass of the following polymerizable liquid crystal compound (1-6) - 25 parts by mass of the following polymerizable liquid crystal compound (1-7) - 3 parts by mass of the following dichroic substance A1 - 3 parts by mass of the following dichroic substance A2 ⁇ 1 part by mass of the following dichroic substance A3 ⁇ 1 part by mass of the following dichroic substance A4 ⁇ 2-dimethylamino-2-benzyl-1-(4-morpholinophenyl) Butan-1-one (Irgacure 369, manufactured by BASF) 6 parts Polyacrylate compound (BYK-361N, BYK-Chemie) 1.2 parts o-xylene 250 parts ⁇
  • the composition C1 for forming a light-absorbing anisotropic layer was coated on the photo-alignment film B1 of the photo-alignment film-attached substrate 1 prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using a slot die coater to form a coating film. was formed. Furthermore, the solvent was removed by transporting the sample in a ventilation drying oven set at 110° C. for 2 minutes, and then the sample was rapidly cooled to form a dry film. Thereafter, the polymerizable liquid crystal contained in the dried film was cured by irradiating ultraviolet light at 1000 mJ/cm 2 (365 nm standard) using a high-pressure mercury lamp, thereby forming the light-absorbing anisotropic layer C2. Note that the total content of dichroic substances A1 to A4 contained in the light absorption anisotropic layer C2 was 50 mg/cm 3 .
  • the same protective layer D1 as in Example 1 is formed on the light absorption anisotropic layer C2, and the base material 1 (base material), the light alignment film B1, the light absorption anisotropic layer C2, and the protective layer are formed.
  • a laminate 6 was obtained which included D1 adjacently in this order.
  • a virtual reality device with the configuration shown in FIG. 2 was fabricated, and it was confirmed that it operated as a virtual reality device. Thereafter, the virtual reality device was disassembled, and the second absorptive linear polarizer, second retardation layer, and half mirror on the viewing side in FIG. 2 were removed. Next, a commercially available laminate film (PAC-3J-30H, thickness 30 ⁇ m, manufactured by San-A Kaken Co., Ltd.) was placed on the protective layer (light-absorbing anisotropic layer for the laminate produced in Example 3) of each of the produced laminates. were laminated, and the base material 1 was peeled off.
  • PAC-3J-30H thickness 30 ⁇ m, manufactured by San-A Kaken Co., Ltd.
  • the retardation layer 1 was attached to the exposed photo-alignment film side of the laminate using an adhesive sheet "NCF-D692 (5)" manufactured by Lintec.
  • a PMMA half mirror was prepared, and the retardation layer side of the laminate was bonded to the surface opposite to the reflective surface of the half mirror using an adhesive sheet "NCF-D692 (5)” manufactured by Lintec. After peeling off the laminate film, the created half mirror was incorporated into a virtual reality display device.
  • the change in transmittance ⁇ T was determined from the transmittance values before and after the durability test. It can be said that the closer the value of ⁇ T is to 0, the more excellent the durability is.
  • a to C is at a level that poses no practical problem. The results are shown in Table 3 below.
  • D Transmittance change is 5.0% or more
  • Example 1 From a comparison between Example 1 and Example 3, it was found that durability was improved when a laminate having a protective layer was used. Further, from a comparison between Example 4 and Example 5, when the viscosity of the composition for forming an alignment film is 2 mPa ⁇ s or more and less than 10 mPa ⁇ s, the thickness variation of the formed alignment film is adjusted to 10% or less. It was found that the display performance was improved as a result.
  • a reflective layer coating liquid R-1 was prepared by stirring and dissolving the composition shown below in a container kept at 70°C.
  • Reflective layer coating liquid R-2 A reflective layer coating liquid R-2 was prepared in the same manner as the reflective layer coating liquid R-1, except that the amount of chiral agent A added was changed as shown in Table 4 below.
  • Chiral agent A is a chiral agent whose helical twisting power (HTP) is reduced by light.
  • a reflective layer coating liquid D-1 for reflective layer was prepared by stirring and dissolving the composition shown below in a container kept at 50°C.
  • Coating liquid for reflective layer D-2 Coating liquid D-2 for reflective layer was prepared in the same manner as coating liquid D-1 for reflective layer, except that the amount of chiral agent A added was changed as shown in Table 5 below.
  • Surfactant F4 (weight average molecular weight: 15000)
  • the surface of the PET film shown above without the easy-adhesion layer was subjected to a rubbing treatment, and the reflective layer coating liquid R-1 prepared above was applied using a wire bar coater, followed by drying at 110° C. for 120 seconds. Thereafter, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is cured by irradiation with light from a metal halide lamp at 100°C in a low oxygen atmosphere (100 ppm or less) with an illumination intensity of 80 mW/cm 2 and an irradiation amount of 500 mJ/cm 2 . A reflective layer was formed. Light irradiation was performed from the cholesteric liquid crystal layer side in all cases. At this time, the coating thickness was adjusted so that the thickness of the red light reflective layer after curing was 4.5 ⁇ m.
  • the surface of the red light reflective layer was subjected to corona treatment at a discharge amount of 150 W ⁇ min/m 2 , and then reflective layer coating liquid D-1 was applied to the corona-treated surface using a wire bar coater.
  • the coating film was dried at 70° C. for 2 minutes to vaporize the solvent, and then heated and aged at 115° C. for 3 minutes to obtain a uniform orientation state. Thereafter, this coating film was held at 45°C and cured by irradiating it with ultraviolet light (300 mJ/cm 2 ) using a metal halide lamp in a nitrogen atmosphere to form a yellow light reflective layer on the red light reflective layer. did.
  • Light irradiation was performed from the cholesteric liquid crystal layer side in all cases. At this time, the coating thickness was adjusted so that the thickness of the yellow light reflective layer after curing was 3.3 ⁇ m.
  • coating liquid R-2 for reflective layer was applied onto the yellow light reflective layer using a wire bar coater, and then dried at 110° C. for 120 seconds. Thereafter, in a low oxygen atmosphere (100 ppm or less) at 100°C, the green light reflective layer is placed on the yellow light reflective layer by irradiating and curing with light from a metal halide lamp with an illuminance of 80 mW and an irradiation amount of 500 mJ/ cm2. was formed. Light irradiation was performed from the cholesteric liquid crystal layer side in all cases. At this time, the coating thickness was adjusted so that the thickness of the green light reflective layer after curing was 2.7 ⁇ m.
  • the surface of the green light reflective layer was subjected to corona treatment at a discharge amount of 150 W ⁇ min/m 2 , and then reflective layer coating liquid D-2 was applied to the corona-treated surface using a wire bar coater. Subsequently, the coating film was dried at 70° C. for 2 minutes to vaporize the solvent, and then heated and aged at 115° C. for 3 minutes to obtain a uniform orientation state. Thereafter, this coating film was held at 45°C and cured by irradiating it with ultraviolet light (300 mJ/cm 2 ) using a metal halide lamp in a nitrogen atmosphere to form a blue light reflective layer on the green light reflective layer. did.
  • the retardation side of the optically anisotropic film with laminate film 1 of Example 1 (retardation layer 1/photo alignment layer/light absorption anisotropic layer/adhesive layer/laminate film) was treated in the same manner as described above. Then, it was molded to be superimposed on reflective circular polarizer 1. In this way, an optical lens 1 was produced in which lens/reflective circular polarizer 1/adhesive layer/retardation layer 1/light alignment layer/light absorption anisotropic layer were laminated in this order.
  • VIVE FLOW virtual reality display device manufactured by HTC was disassembled and the optical lens was taken out.
  • VIVE FLOW is a virtual reality display device that employs a pancake lens, and as an image display device, a liquid crystal display device that emits circularly polarized light through a polarizing plate bonded to the surface was used.
  • the optical lenses taken out were two types: a biconvex lens with a half-mirror coating on one side, and a plano-convex lens with an optical laminate bonded to its flat surface. The above-mentioned plano-convex lens was removed and the produced optical lens 1 was installed so that the plane side was on the side of the above-mentioned biconvex lens.
  • the optical lens 1 was installed while adjusting the distance from the biconvex lens so that the virtual reality display image was appropriately displayed. In this way, a virtual reality display device 1 using the molded body 1 of Example 1 was produced. Further, virtual reality display devices 2 to 5 and H1 were produced in the same manner as described above, except that molded body 1 was replaced with molded bodies 2 to 5 and H1.
  • Example 7 [Preparation of circularly polarizing plate]
  • the retardation layer 1 was laminated on the light-absorbing anisotropic layer side of the laminate 3 using an adhesive sheet "NCF-D692 (5)" manufactured by Lintec.
  • a circularly polarizing plate 7 having a configuration of alignment film/light absorption anisotropic layer/adhesive layer/retardation layer 1 was prepared.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer was 5 ⁇ m, and the oxygen permeability coefficient was more than 200 cc/m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm.
  • the virtual reality display device "Meta Quest Pro” manufactured by Meta Platforms was disassembled and the optical lens was taken out.
  • “Meta Quest Pro” is a virtual reality display device that employs a pancake lens, and as an image display device, a liquid crystal display device that emits circularly polarized light using a polarizing plate bonded to the surface was used.
  • the optical lens taken out also includes a convex plane lens 1 whose convex surface is coated with a half mirror, a retardation film and an antireflection film are laminated on the plane, and an optical laminate (reflective linear polarizer/glass /absorptive linear polarizer/retardation/lens), and a convex plane lens 2 with an antireflection film laminated on the convex side.
  • the absorption type linear polarizer/phase difference of the above-mentioned convex plane lens 2 is removed, and the circularly polarizing plate 7 manufactured above is aligned so that their transmission axes are aligned so that the light absorption anisotropic layer side is on the reflection type linear polarizer side. Replaced accordingly.
  • the convex plane lens 1 was installed while adjusting the distance from the convex plane lens 2 so that the virtual reality display image was appropriately displayed, thereby obtaining the virtual reality display device 7 of Example 7.
  • UV adhesive 1 having the following composition was prepared.
  • ⁇ UV adhesive 1 ⁇ ⁇ CEL2021P manufactured by Daicel Corporation 70 parts by mass ⁇ 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether 20 parts by mass ⁇ 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether 10 parts by mass ⁇ CPI-100P 2.25 parts by mass ⁇ ⁇
  • Example 8 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the adhesive layer of the circularly polarizing plate 7 was changed to a UV adhesive layer made of the UV adhesive 1 described above, and the adhesive layer was cured by exposure to an illuminance of 1000 mJ. A virtual reality display device 8 was produced.
  • the oxygen permeability coefficient of the UV adhesive layer was 200 cc/m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm or less.
  • PVA adhesive 1 having the following composition was prepared. For 100 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol resin containing acetoacetyl group (average degree of polymerization: 1200, degree of saponification: 98.5 mol%, degree of acetoacetylation: 5 mol%), 20 parts by mass of methylolmelamine was added to 30 parts by mass. An aqueous solution (PVA adhesive 1) was prepared by dissolving it in pure water and adjusting the solid content concentration to 3.7% under a temperature condition of .degree.
  • a virtual reality display device 9 of Example 9 was produced in the same manner as Example 7 except that the adhesive layer of the circularly polarizing plate 7 was changed to a PVA adhesive layer made of the PVA adhesive 1 described above.
  • the thickness of the PVA adhesive layer was 1 ⁇ m, and the oxygen permeability coefficient was 200 cc/m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm or less.

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WO2017154695A1 (ja) * 2016-03-08 2017-09-14 富士フイルム株式会社 着色組成物、光吸収異方性膜、積層体および画像表示装置
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WO2021111861A1 (ja) * 2019-12-02 2021-06-10 富士フイルム株式会社 積層体、光学装置および表示装置
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WO2021246148A1 (ja) * 2020-06-05 2021-12-09 富士フイルム株式会社 光吸収異方性膜、積層体および画像表示装置

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JP2015067690A (ja) * 2013-09-27 2015-04-13 大日本印刷株式会社 位相差フィルム用ハードコートフィルム及び位相差フィルム
WO2017154695A1 (ja) * 2016-03-08 2017-09-14 富士フイルム株式会社 着色組成物、光吸収異方性膜、積層体および画像表示装置
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