WO2024047776A1 - Circuit de division de polarisation et antenne - Google Patents

Circuit de division de polarisation et antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024047776A1
WO2024047776A1 PCT/JP2022/032692 JP2022032692W WO2024047776A1 WO 2024047776 A1 WO2024047776 A1 WO 2024047776A1 JP 2022032692 W JP2022032692 W JP 2022032692W WO 2024047776 A1 WO2024047776 A1 WO 2024047776A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waveguide
phase plate
rectangular
polarization separation
circular
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2022/032692
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
秀憲 湯川
昂大 三浦
太郎 平池
拓真 西村
徹 深沢
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2022/032692 priority Critical patent/WO2024047776A1/fr
Publication of WO2024047776A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024047776A1/fr

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/12Hollow waveguides
    • H01P3/123Hollow waveguides with a complex or stepped cross-section, e.g. ridged or grooved waveguides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02Waveguide horns

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a polarization separation circuit mainly used in the VHF band, UHF band, microwave band, and millimeter wave band.
  • a polarization separation circuit with a septum phase plate inserted in a square waveguide is used as a circuit to separate two orthogonal circularly polarized signals (right-handed, left-handed) or two orthogonal linearly polarized signals (vertical, horizontal). known (for example, see FIG. 5 of Non-Patent Document 1).
  • a conventional polarization separation circuit includes a square waveguide and a septum phase plate, and the square waveguide has one square waveguide terminal and two rectangular waveguide terminals.
  • the septum phase plate is inserted into the square waveguide so that two rectangular waveguides are formed, and is formed so that it tapers stepwise as it approaches the rectangular waveguide terminal and the square waveguide terminal. .
  • a polarization separation circuit when a circularly polarized signal is input from a square waveguide terminal, the signal is output from a different rectangular waveguide terminal depending on whether the input signal is right-handed or left-handed. Ru.
  • a linearly polarized signal is input from a square waveguide terminal, for a linearly polarized signal perpendicular to the septum phase plate, the same electric field direction is applied from two rectangular waveguide terminals, and the septum phase plate
  • the signals are output from the two rectangular waveguide terminals with electric fields facing each other.
  • the polarization separation characteristics are determined by the dimensions or thickness of the stepped portion of the septum phase plate.
  • the polarization separation circuit is generally used in connection with a horn antenna having a circular waveguide terminal. Therefore, a converter is provided between the horn antenna and the polarization separation circuit to connect the circular waveguide terminal of the horn antenna and the square waveguide terminal of the polarization separation circuit (for example, (circular to rectangular transition) in Figure 11 of Reference 1.
  • the present disclosure has been made to solve such problems, and aims to provide a polarization separation circuit that makes it possible to shorten the axis of the antenna.
  • a polarization separation circuit has one circular terminal whose cross section perpendicular to the tube axis direction is circular and two rectangular terminals whose cross section perpendicular to the tube axis direction is circular. and a septum phase plate having a plurality of step nosings and disposed inside the conversion waveguide,
  • the septum phase plate has a shape in which the width in the width direction of the septum phase plate becomes narrow in a stepwise manner, and the tip of the septum phase plate formed in the stepwise narrow direction is on the side of the circular terminal of the conversion waveguide. is arranged inside the conversion waveguide so as to be located at .
  • the polarization separation circuit According to the polarization separation circuit according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, it is possible to shorten the axis of the antenna.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a polarization separation circuit for explaining the configuration of a polarization separation circuit according to a first embodiment;
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a polarization separation circuit according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of a polarization separation circuit according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conversion waveguide according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a septum phase plate according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a septum phase plate according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of the septum phase plate according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a polarization separation circuit for explaining the configuration of a polarization separation circuit according to a first embodiment;
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a polarization separation circuit according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a square waveguide as a comparison target whose outer wall has a uniform square shape.
  • 8A is an explanatory diagram for explaining the cross-sectional shape of the septum phase plate at position A and position B in FIG. 8A.
  • FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view of a conversion waveguide as a comparison target in which the shape of the outer wall is changed from circular to square, and the nosing of the septum phase plate is at right angles.
  • 9A is an explanatory diagram for explaining the cross-sectional shape of the septum phase plate at position A and position B in FIG. 9A.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a conversion waveguide in which the shape of the outer wall is converted from a circle to a square and the step nosing of the septum phase plate is an acute angle, according to Embodiment 1; 10A is an explanatory diagram for explaining the cross-sectional shape of the septum phase plate at position A and position B in FIG. 10A.
  • FIG. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a polarization separation circuit for explaining the configuration of a polarization separation circuit according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of a polarization separation circuit according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a septum phase plate according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of a septum phase plate according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a polarization separation circuit for explaining the configuration of a polarization separation circuit according to a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a conversion waveguide according to Embodiment 3;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of an antenna including a polarization separation circuit, a horn antenna, and a filter according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a polarization separation circuit for explaining the configuration of the polarization separation circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • 1 is a conversion waveguide
  • 2 is a septum phase plate
  • 3 is a circular waveguide
  • 4 is a circular waveguide terminal
  • 5 is a rectangular waveguide
  • 6 is a rectangular waveguide terminal.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the polarization separation circuit (viewed from a direction perpendicular to the septum phase plate)
  • Figure 3 is a side view of the polarization separation circuit (viewed from a direction parallel to the septum phase plate).
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 7 is the nosing of the septum phase plate.
  • the circular waveguide 3 has an overall cylindrical shape and has circular waveguide terminals, which are circular openings, at both ends.
  • one of the two circular waveguide terminals is illustrated as circular waveguide terminal 4.
  • FIG. 1 In FIG. 1, one of the two circular waveguide terminals is illustrated as circular waveguide terminal 4.
  • Rectangular waveguides 5a and 5b are waveguides having substantially the same shape. Unless it is necessary to distinguish between them, the rectangular waveguides 5a and 5b will be collectively referred to as the rectangular waveguide 5 below.
  • the rectangular waveguide 5 has a rectangular tube shape with a rectangular cross section as a whole, and has rectangular waveguide terminals that are rectangular openings at both ends.
  • the rectangular waveguide terminal has a cross section corresponding to the cross section of one of the two rectangular terminals 1B (1Ba, 1Bb) of the conversion waveguide 1.
  • one of the rectangular waveguide terminals at both ends is illustrated as a rectangular waveguide terminal 6. That is, a rectangular waveguide terminal 6a of the rectangular waveguide 5a and a rectangular waveguide terminal 6b of the rectangular waveguide 5b are illustrated.
  • the conversion waveguide 1 has one circular terminal 1A having a circular cross section perpendicular to the tube axis direction, and two rectangular terminals 1Ba and 1Bb having rectangular shapes.
  • the conversion waveguide 1 is a waveguide whose cross section perpendicular to the tube axis direction has been converted from a circular cross section to a cross section of two rectangular terminals 1Ba and 1Bb.
  • a septum phase plate 2 is arranged inside the conversion waveguide 1 . By positioning the two rectangular terminals 1Ba and 1Bb adjacently with the septum phase plate 2 sandwiched between them, the two rectangular terminals 1Ba and 1Bb collectively form one substantially square virtual end surface. . Note that the two rectangular terminals 1Ba and 1Bb may be collectively referred to simply as a rectangular terminal 1B.
  • the circular terminal 1A of the conversion waveguide 1 is connected to the circular waveguide terminal of the circular waveguide 3 and the two rectangular terminals 1Ba and 1Bb is connected to two rectangular waveguide terminals of rectangular waveguides 5a and 5b, respectively.
  • the septum phase plate 2 has a shape in which the width in the transverse direction of the septum phase plate 2 becomes narrower in a stepwise manner. In the septum phase plate 2 having such a shape, as shown in FIG. It is arranged inside the conversion waveguide 1 so as to equally divide the internal space of the septum phase plate 2 .
  • the septum phase plate 2 may be placed in the conversion waveguide 1, for example, by insertion. As another example, the septum phase plate 2 may be placed inside the conversion waveguide 1 by integrally forming the septum phase plate 2 and the conversion waveguide 1 using a 3D printer.
  • nosings 7a, 7b, 7c, and 7d of the septum phase plate 2 which are the parts surrounded by circles in FIG. 5, have acute angles when the septum phase plate 2 is viewed from above, as shown in FIG. It has become. More specifically, the step nosing is made such that a line extending from the side surface of the septum phase plate 2 in the lateral direction of the septum phase plate 2 and a line along the length direction of the septum phase plate 2 form an acute angle in plan view. 7a is formed.
  • the nosings 7b to 7d are arranged so that a line extending from the side surface of the septum phase plate 2 in the lateral direction of the septum phase plate 2 and a line along the length direction of the septum phase plate 2 form an acute angle in plan view. It is formed. It is not necessary that all the nosings have an acute angle, and it is possible that at least one nosing has an acute angle.
  • FIG. 8A shows a plan view of a square waveguide as a comparison target whose outer wall has a uniform square shape (viewed from the direction perpendicular to the septum phase plate), and FIG. 8B shows the position A of FIG.
  • An explanatory diagram for explaining the cross-sectional shape of the septum phase plate at position B is shown.
  • Fig. 9A is a plan view of a conversion waveguide as a comparison target in which the shape of the outer wall has been converted from circular to square and the nosing of the septum phase plate is at right angles (a view seen from the direction perpendicular to the septum phase plate).
  • FIG. 9B is an explanatory diagram for explaining the shape of the cross section of the septum phase plate at position A and position B in FIG.
  • FIG. 10A is a plan view of the conversion waveguide 1 in which the shape of the outer wall according to Embodiment 1 is converted from circular to square, and the nosings 7a to 7d of the septum phase plate 2 are at acute angles (relative to the septum phase plate).
  • FIG. 10B is an explanatory diagram for explaining the cross-sectional shape of the septum phase plate 2 at positions A and B in FIG. 10A.
  • the shape of the outer wall is uniform in the tube axis direction, so the cross-sectional shape is the same at position A and position B as shown in FIG. 8B.
  • the phase constant of the signal propagating in the region between position A and position B is constant.
  • the phase constants of signals propagating in the regions between positions B and C, between positions C and D, and between positions D and E are constant. Adjusting the dimensions of the septum phase plate under such conditions is relatively easy, and good polarization separation characteristics are likely to be obtained.
  • FIG. 9A in a configuration where the shape of the outer wall of the conversion waveguide is converted from circular to square and the nosing of the septum phase plate is at right angles, the shape of the outer wall changes along the tube axis direction.
  • FIG. 9B the position of the septum phase plate is the same at position A and position B, but the cross-sectional shapes are different.
  • the cutoff frequency shifts to a lower frequency at position B compared to position A, and the phase constant of the signal propagating in the region between position A and position B is It will no longer be constant.
  • positions B and C, positions C and D, and positions D and E This makes it difficult to adjust the dimensions of the septum phase plate, making it difficult to obtain good polarization separation characteristics.
  • the nosings 7a to 7d (see FIG. 5) of the septum phase plate 2 are at acute angles, so as shown in FIG. 10B, The positions of the septum phase plate 2 in the cross section at position A and position B are different. In FIG. 10B, the positional difference is shown as ⁇ S.
  • the septum phase plate 2 functions as a ridge when viewed in cross section, and as the height of the ridge decreases, the cutoff frequency shifts to a higher frequency range.
  • the influence of the outer wall is compensated for by making the step noses 7a to 7d of the septum phase plate 2 at acute angles. and good polarization separation characteristics can be obtained.
  • a configuration in which the outer wall is formed so as to convert from a circle to a square has a circular waveguide terminal, when used in connection with a horn antenna having a circular waveguide terminal, a circular waveguide and a square guide are used.
  • a wave tube converter is not required, and the axis can be shortened. Therefore, when used in connection with a horn antenna having a circular waveguide terminal, it is possible to achieve both a short axis and a good polarization separation characteristic.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a polarization separation circuit for explaining the configuration of the polarization separation circuit according to the second embodiment.
  • 12 is a side view of the polarization separation circuit (viewed from a direction parallel to the septum phase plate)
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the septum phase plate 2M
  • FIG. 14 is a side view of the septum phase plate 2M ( FIG. In FIGS. 11-13, elements designated by reference numbers 1 and 3 to 7 are the same as those designated by those reference numbers in FIGS. 1 and 5.
  • FIGS. 11-13 elements designated by reference numbers 1 and 3 to 7 are the same as those designated by those reference numbers in FIGS. 1 and 5.
  • the side surface of the septum phase plate 2M (the surface viewed from the direction parallel to the septum phase plate 2M) is trapezoidal, that is, the thickness of the septum phase plate 2M is It differs from the septum phase plate 2 in FIGS. 1 and 5 in that the shape changes into a trapezoidal shape along the tube axis direction.
  • the polarization separation circuit according to the second embodiment Similar to the polarization separation circuit according to Embodiment 1, the polarization separation circuit according to the second embodiment also has the effect of obtaining good polarization separation characteristics.
  • a change in the shape of the side surface of the septum phase plate 2M has a greater effect on the reflection characteristics than on a change in the phase constant, it is possible to improve the reflection by using the shape of the side surface of the septum phase plate 2M as a design parameter. The effect of improving characteristics can also be obtained.
  • FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a polarization separation circuit for explaining the configuration of the polarization separation circuit according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the conversion waveguide 1M.
  • elements designated by reference numbers 2 to 4 are the same as those designated by those reference numbers in FIG.
  • the conversion waveguide 1M in FIGS. 15 and 16 differs from the conversion waveguide 1 in FIG. 1 in that a corner R8A is provided at the rectangular terminal 1B of the conversion waveguide 1M.
  • FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a polarization separation circuit for explaining the configuration of the polarization separation circuit according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the conversion waveguide 1M.
  • elements designated by reference numbers 2 to 4 are the same as those designated by those reference numbers in FIG.
  • the conversion waveguide 1M in FIGS. 15 and 16 differs from the conversion waveguide 1 in FIG. 1 in that a corner R8A is provided at the rectangular terminal 1B of the conversion waveguide 1M.
  • corner R8A the end face of the conversion waveguide 1M is simply drawn as if it were one square terminal, but the conversion waveguide 1M actually has Two rectangular terminals are formed as shown in FIG. Therefore, more specifically, corners R8A are provided at each of the four corners of the two rectangular terminals of the conversion waveguide 1M.
  • corners R8B are also provided at the corners of the rectangular waveguide terminals of the rectangular waveguides 5Ma and 5Mb.
  • the polarization separation circuit according to the present embodiment also has the effect of obtaining good polarization separation characteristics.
  • the change in the shape of the outer wall of the conversion waveguide 1M is gentler than when it is converted into a square shape, the effect of the change in the outer wall is reduced, and even better polarization separation characteristics can be obtained. can get.
  • Circular waveguides have the advantage that circularity is improved by stacking them in the tube axis direction, and better polarization separation characteristics can be obtained than when they are manufactured in an oblique direction.
  • an antenna may be constructed by connecting a horn antenna 9 having a circular waveguide terminal to the polarization separation circuit.
  • the connection of the horn antenna 9 to the polarization separation circuit is made to the conversion waveguide 1 for a polarization separation circuit not having a circular waveguide 3; For the circuit, a circular waveguide 3 is used.
  • Another advantage is that an antenna having such a horn antenna 9 can be manufactured using a 3D printer. As shown in FIG. 17, it is possible to manufacture an antenna with a 3D printer in which the circular waveguide terminal of the horn antenna 9 is connected to the circular waveguide terminal 4 of the polarization separation circuit.
  • FIG. 17 shows a configuration in which the horn antenna 9 is connected to the polarization separation circuit of the first embodiment, the horn antenna 9 may be connected to the polarization separation circuit of the second or third embodiment.
  • such an antenna may further include at least one filter.
  • the filter can filter signals in a desired frequency band.
  • the antenna with filter 10a or 10b can be manufactured with a 3D printer. As shown in FIG. 17, it is possible to manufacture with a 3D printer an antenna in which filters 10a and 10b are connected to rectangular waveguide terminals 6a and 6b of a polarization separation circuit, respectively.
  • FIG. 17 shows a configuration in which filters 10a and 10b are connected to the polarization separation circuit of Embodiment 1, it is also possible to connect filters 10a and 10b to the polarization separation circuit of Embodiment 2 or 3. .
  • the polarization separation circuit of Appendix 1 has one circular terminal (1A) whose cross section perpendicular to the tube axis direction is circular and two rectangular terminals (1Ba, 1Bb) whose cross section is perpendicular to the tube axis direction.
  • the thin septum phase plate is disposed inside the conversion waveguide so that its tip is located on the circular terminal side of the conversion waveguide.
  • the polarization separation circuit of Appendix 2 is the polarization separation circuit described in Appendix 1, in which at least one of the plurality of step noses has an acute angle in plan view.
  • the polarization separation circuit according to attachment 3 is the polarization separation circuit according to attachment 1 or 2, wherein the septum phase plate (2M) is trapezoidal in side view. circuit.
  • the polarization separation circuit of Appendix 4 is the polarization separation circuit described in any one of Appendixes 1 to 3, in which the two rectangular terminals have a corner R (8A).
  • the polarization separation circuit of Appendix 5 is the polarization separation circuit described in any one of Appendixes 1 to 4, which has a circular cross section perpendicular to the tube axis direction, and is connected to the circular terminal. It further comprises a circular waveguide (3).
  • the antenna of Appendix 6 includes the polarization separation circuit described in any one of Appendixes 1 to 4, and a horn antenna (9) connected to the circular terminal of the conversion waveguide.
  • Appendix 7 The antenna of Appendix 7 includes the polarization separation circuit described in Appendix 5 and a horn antenna (9) connected to the circular waveguide.
  • Appendix 8 The antenna of Appendix 8 is the antenna described in Appendix 6, which includes two rectangular terminals each having a cross section corresponding to the cross section of one of the two rectangular terminals and connected to each of the two rectangular terminals. It further includes waveguides (5a, 5b).
  • appendix 9 The antenna of appendix 9 is the antenna described in appendix 7, which includes two rectangular terminals each having a cross section corresponding to the cross section of one of the two rectangular terminals and connected to each of the two rectangular terminals. It further includes waveguides (5a, 5b).
  • Appendix 10 The antenna of Appendix 10 is the antenna described in Appendix 8, in which the rectangular waveguide has a corner R (8B).
  • Appendix 11 The antenna of Appendix 11 is the antenna described in Appendix 9, in which the rectangular waveguide has a corner R (8B).
  • the antenna of Appendix 12 is any one of the antennas described in Appendixes 8 to 11, and further includes two filters (10a, 10b) connected to the two rectangular waveguides.
  • the polarization separation circuit of the present disclosure can be connected to a horn antenna having a circular waveguide terminal and used as an antenna.
  • 1 (1M) conversion waveguide 1A circular terminal, 1B square terminal, 2 (2M) septum phase plate, 3 circular waveguide, 4 circular waveguide terminal, 5 (5Ma, 5Mb, 5a, 5b) rectangular guide Wave tube, 6 (6a, 6b) Rectangular waveguide terminal, 7 (7a to 7d) Nose, 8 (8A, 8B) Corner R, 9 Horn antenna, 10 (10a, 10b) Filter.

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Abstract

Ce circuit de division de polarisation comprend : un guide d'ondes de conversion (1) qui possède une borne circulaire unique (1A) présentant une section transversale circulaire perpendiculaire à une direction d'axe de tube et qui possède deux bornes rectangulaires (1Ba, 1Bb) dont les formes sont des rectangles, la section transversale du guide d'ondes de conversion (1) perpendiculaire à la direction d'axe de tube possédant une forme qui est convertie de la section transversale circulaire à la section transversale des deux bornes rectangulaires ; et une plaque de séparation de phase (2 ; 2M) qui possède une pluralité de nez d'escalier (7a à 7d) et qui est placée à l'intérieur du guide d'ondes de conversion. La plaque de séparation de phase possède une forme dans laquelle la largeur de la plaque de séparation de phase dans le sens transversal s'amincit graduellement. La plaque de séparation de phase est placée à l'intérieur du guide d'ondes de conversion de sorte que l'extrémité avant de la plaque de séparation de phase amincie graduellement est positionnée sur le côté de borne circulaire du guide d'ondes de conversion.
PCT/JP2022/032692 2022-08-31 2022-08-31 Circuit de division de polarisation et antenne WO2024047776A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2022/032692 WO2024047776A1 (fr) 2022-08-31 2022-08-31 Circuit de division de polarisation et antenne

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2022/032692 WO2024047776A1 (fr) 2022-08-31 2022-08-31 Circuit de division de polarisation et antenne

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60176303A (ja) * 1984-02-22 1985-09-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 偏分波器
JP2002111303A (ja) * 2000-09-27 2002-04-12 Alps Electric Co Ltd 円偏波発生器
US6839543B1 (en) * 1996-09-09 2005-01-04 Victory Industrial Corporation Method and system for detecting and discriminating multipath signals
JP2009027591A (ja) * 2007-07-23 2009-02-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp アンテナ給電回路
US8525616B1 (en) * 2009-04-14 2013-09-03 Lockheed Martin Corporation Antenna feed network to produce both linear and circular polarizations
US20160344083A1 (en) * 2015-05-22 2016-11-24 Lisa Draexlmaier Gmbh Dual-channel polarization correction

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60176303A (ja) * 1984-02-22 1985-09-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 偏分波器
US6839543B1 (en) * 1996-09-09 2005-01-04 Victory Industrial Corporation Method and system for detecting and discriminating multipath signals
JP2002111303A (ja) * 2000-09-27 2002-04-12 Alps Electric Co Ltd 円偏波発生器
JP2009027591A (ja) * 2007-07-23 2009-02-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp アンテナ給電回路
US8525616B1 (en) * 2009-04-14 2013-09-03 Lockheed Martin Corporation Antenna feed network to produce both linear and circular polarizations
US20160344083A1 (en) * 2015-05-22 2016-11-24 Lisa Draexlmaier Gmbh Dual-channel polarization correction

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