WO2024045921A1 - 一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置 - Google Patents

一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024045921A1
WO2024045921A1 PCT/CN2023/107810 CN2023107810W WO2024045921A1 WO 2024045921 A1 WO2024045921 A1 WO 2024045921A1 CN 2023107810 W CN2023107810 W CN 2023107810W WO 2024045921 A1 WO2024045921 A1 WO 2024045921A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
water
annular
wall
processing barrel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/107810
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
龚维洪
Original Assignee
湖北鸿大粮油股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 湖北鸿大粮油股份有限公司 filed Critical 湖北鸿大粮油股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2023/107810 priority Critical patent/WO2024045921A1/zh
Publication of WO2024045921A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024045921A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of grain processing, and in particular to a grain dust removal device for grain processing.
  • Grains are generally summarized as grains. Grains are rich in nutrients, mainly protein, vitamins, dietary fiber, fat, starch, etc. Since dust and chaff are usually attached to the surface of grains, grains need to be dusted and shelled during preliminary processing. Processing to remove impurities on the surface of grains in order to improve the quality of the grains.
  • the wind can only blow away the dust mixed in the grain, but cannot remove the dust attached to the surface of the grain. As a result, dust remains on the surface of the grain, so the dust removal effect is poor, and the winnowing method can easily remove dust and chaff. Blow into the air, causing dust and affecting the environment.
  • the present invention provides a grain dust removal device for grain processing, which includes a processing barrel.
  • the upper end of the processing barrel is provided with a feeding port.
  • the lower end of the processing barrel is equipped with a supporting discharging unit.
  • the supporting discharging unit includes a discharging unit located on the processing barrel.
  • On the supporting platform below, a cleaning unit and a filtering unit are arranged inside the processing barrel from top to bottom.
  • the filtering unit includes a water filter plate installed in the middle of the inner wall of the processing barrel.
  • the cleaning unit includes an annular plate.
  • An annular plate is installed above the inner wall of the processing barrel.
  • a conical plate is provided on the inner wall of the annular plate.
  • An actuator is installed on the processing barrel.
  • the actuator includes a feed hopper located in the middle of the upper end of the processing barrel.
  • the inner wall of the processing barrel is rotatably connected to an annular ring gear.
  • the inner wall of the annular ring gear is evenly provided with multiple annularly distributed stirring toothed plates.
  • the upper end of the annular plate is equipped with multiple positioning blocks staggered with the stirring toothed plates;
  • a unloading mechanism is provided between the annular plate and the conical plate.
  • the unloading mechanism includes a plurality of circumferential limit chutes evenly opened on the upper end of the annular plate.
  • a baffle is slidably connected inside the limit chute.
  • a positioning motor is installed on the outer wall of the processing barrel through a motor seat.
  • the output shaft of the positioning motor is equipped with a support shaft.
  • the outer wall of the support shaft is symmetrically equipped with a first gear and a second gear. The first gear and the annular ring gear Engage.
  • the unloading mechanism also includes a unloading port.
  • the upper end of the limiting chute is provided with a plurality of unloading ports at equal intervals along the width direction.
  • a through hole is provided on the baffle, and the width of the through hole is greater than the diameter of the unloading port.
  • the side of the baffle away from the tapered plate is provided with a linkage plate after passing through the processing barrel.
  • the sliding sleeve on the outer wall of the baffle is provided with a sealing sleeve connected to the processing barrel.
  • a plurality of contraction springs are provided between the linkage plate and the sealing sleeve.
  • the unloading mechanism also includes a transmission cylinder, a transmission cylinder is installed in the middle of the lower end of the conical plate, a water filter plate is provided at the telescopic end of the transmission cylinder, and two push rods are symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the water filter plate along the transmission cylinder. After the upper ends of the two push rods pass through the tapered plate, they are jointly provided with a closing block that matches the feeding port.
  • An annular support plate is installed on the upper end of the water filter plate.
  • a plurality of annularly distributed support blocks are evenly installed on the upper end of the annular support plate.
  • the upper end of the supporting block is provided with a guide chute along the length direction, and a support column is slidingly connected in the guide chute.
  • a support spring is provided between the support column and the side wall of the guide chute close to the transmission cylinder;
  • a plurality of installation blocks corresponding to the position of the supporting block are evenly installed on the inclined surface at the lower end of the tapered plate.
  • a sliding groove is provided at the lower end of the installation block.
  • a matching slide block is slidably connected in the sliding groove.
  • the lower end of the matching slide block is provided with a matching slide block.
  • the actuator further includes a water storage chamber.
  • a water storage chamber inside the feed hopper.
  • the upper end of the water storage chamber is symmetrically provided with two communicating holes connected with it along the length direction of the feed hopper.
  • the water storage chamber is provided in the length direction of the feed hopper.
  • Both side walls of the feed hopper are equipped with multiple spray heads arranged at equal intervals and connected to the communication holes, and the inner wall of the feed hopper is removable with a barrier net;
  • Two water pumps are symmetrically arranged under the outer wall of the processing barrel through a support frame.
  • the input end of the water pump is equipped with a water inlet pipe extending to the lower side of the inside of the processing barrel.
  • the output end of the water pump is provided with a first water outlet pipe and a second water outlet pipe through a conversion assembly. , the end of the first water outlet pipe away from the water pump is connected to the water storage chamber.
  • a plurality of annularly distributed liquid outlets are evenly provided on one side of the annular cavity close to the inside of the processing barrel. hole, and the end of the second water outlet pipe away from the water pump is connected with the annular cavity.
  • the conversion assembly includes a hollow fixed block.
  • the outer wall of the processing barrel is provided with two hollow fixed blocks located above the water pump.
  • a conversion slider is slidably connected inside the hollow fixed block.
  • the lower end of the conversion slider is provided with a support tube connected to the output end of the water pump.
  • the conversion slider and the hollow fixed block are installed symmetrically on the side close to the processing barrel.
  • the inner wall of the processing barrel is symmetrically provided with two relief grooves corresponding to the position of the water pump.
  • the outer wall of the water filter plate is equipped with two linkage blocks slidingly connected in the relief grooves.
  • the upper and lower side walls of the water filter plate are provided with A sealed telescopic plate connected to the inner wall of the relief groove.
  • An extension hole is provided at the lower end of the relief groove.
  • a push-pull rod is slidably connected inside the extension hole at the lower end of the linkage block.
  • a second pull rope is provided between the push-pull rod and the conversion slider. .
  • the conversion assembly further includes an annular supporting plate provided on the inner wall of the support cylinder, a receiving hole is provided at the lower end of the hollow fixed block, and a hemispherical top slidably connected in the receiving hole is provided at the upper end of the annular supporting plate through an extension spring.
  • the upper end of the hemispherical top block is provided with a water storage tank, and the lower end of the water storage tank is evenly provided with a plurality of annularly distributed connecting holes.
  • the filter unit further includes a fan-shaped plate, the water filter plate is provided with a plurality of annularly distributed drainage holes, and the upper end of the drainage hole is hinged with a plurality of annularly distributed fan-shaped plates through a first torsion spring.
  • a complete circular plate is formed under the torsion force of a torsion spring.
  • a fixed frame is provided on the inner wall of the processing barrel and below the water filter plate. An ejector rod corresponding to the position of the drainage hole is installed on the upper end of the fixed frame.
  • the diameter of the ejector rod is less than The diameter of the drainage hole, a first through hole is provided on either side of the outer wall of the processing barrel and above the water filter plate, and a first opening and closing plate is hinged on the inner wall of the first through hole;
  • Two filter mesh perforated plates arranged up and down are installed on the inner wall of the processing cylinder and below the fixed frame.
  • a dust removal pad is detachably provided between the two filter mesh perforated plates.
  • the outer wall of the processing cylinder is located below the first opening and closing plate and is located on the filter mesh.
  • a second through hole is provided above the mesh plate, a second opening and closing plate is hinged on the inner wall of the second through hole, and a stirring and drying mechanism is provided on the inner wall of the processing barrel.
  • the stirring and drying mechanism includes a hollow annular frame.
  • the lower end of the annular plate is rotatably connected to the hollow annular frame.
  • the outer wall of the hollow annular frame is evenly provided with a plurality of annularly distributed gear teeth that mesh with the second gear.
  • the hollow annular frame A plurality of annularly distributed hollow support rods are evenly arranged on the inner wall.
  • the lower end of the hollow support rod is provided with a hollow rectangular plate through a telescopic tube.
  • the hollow annular frame, the hollow support rod and the hollow rectangular plate are connected.
  • the lower end of the hollow annular frame is evenly provided with a hollow rectangular plate.
  • the output end of the air pump extends to the inside of the hollow annular frame, and an annular heating mesh is provided between the hollow annular frame and the hollow support rod.
  • Both side walls in the length direction of the hollow rectangular plate are equipped with connecting plates through linkage rods.
  • Two supporting shafts are symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the two connecting plates along the hollow rectangular plate.
  • the outer wall of the supporting shaft is provided with a dial through a second torsion spring rotation sleeve. Material board.
  • the support and discharging unit also includes a receiving plate.
  • the receiving plate is hinged in the middle of the lower end of the processing barrel.
  • the receiving plate is arranged on the upper end of the support table.
  • Two storage chutes are symmetrically provided on the upper end of the support table along the receiving plate.
  • the bottom wall in the tank gradually slopes downward from one side of the support platform to the other side.
  • the lower end of the processing barrel is symmetrically slidingly connected along the receiving plate with two auxiliary plates slidingly connected in the storage chute respectively;
  • the installation holes There are two installation holes symmetrically opened along the length direction of the auxiliary plate.
  • Two positioning plates are symmetrically provided on the upper end of the support table along the receiving plate.
  • the two-way screw rods pass through the support block, and the two two-way screw rods are connected through a belt drive, and the support block matches the two-way screw rod through a threaded connection.
  • the present invention forms a water curtain through the water mist sprayed from the spray heads on both sides of the feed hopper, so as to wet the grains poured into the feed hopper, thereby preventing dust from being generated when the grains are poured into the feed hopper; in addition , the grain and chaff can be separated through water selection and a partition net, so that the chaff can be easily screened out, thereby avoiding the waste of grain.
  • the present invention cleans the grains through water washing, and stirs and cleans the grains through mutually rotating stirring tooth plates and positioning blocks, thereby effectively removing dust mixed in the grains, thereby enhancing the cleaning of the grains.
  • the dust removal effect is excellent; in addition, by blocking the feeding opening with the baffle, the mixing and cleaning time of the grains by the stirring toothed plate can be extended, further improving the cleaning effect.
  • the present invention uses the mutual cooperation between the fan-shaped plates on the water filter plate and the push rod to cause a gap between two adjacent fan-shaped plates, so the water and part of the dust on the upper end of the water filter plate will flow downward through the gap and Falling on the filter mesh plate, leaving only grains on the upper end of the filter plate, thereby achieving rapid separation between grains and water; at this time, the water is discharged into the annular cavity through the water pump and passes through the liquid outlet hole to the upper end of the filter plate Spray out to facilitate the second flushing of the grain, thereby completely removing the remaining dust on the surface of the grain, so as to enhance the dust removal effect on the grain, and no dust will occur during the dust removal process to avoid affecting the air environment.
  • the present invention can control the conversion slider to move accordingly by moving the water filter plate up and down, so that the conversion slider can switch the connection state between the first water outlet pipe, the second water outlet pipe and the water pump output end, and then the water can be transferred according to the grain.
  • the cleaning steps are discharged, the operation is simple, and no additional driver is required.
  • the present invention stirs and stirs the grains on the top of the water filter plate to ensure that the water in the grains flows out quickly through the gaps between the fan-shaped plates.
  • the heated hollow support rods hollow rectangular plates and positioning
  • the rod can accelerate the evaporation of moisture on the surface of the grain; in addition, the hot air flow inside the hollow rectangular plate can be ejected through the exhaust hole, thereby increasing the heating area of the grain and thereby improving the drying efficiency of the grain.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram between the processing barrel and the cleaning unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the actuator of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cleaning unit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of position A in Fig. 4 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of B in Fig. 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram between the annular plate, the conical plate and the filter unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram between the actuator and the filter unit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of C in Fig. 8 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the support discharging unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the conversion assembly, the first water outlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a partial enlarged view of D in Figure 11 of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the stirring and drying mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a partial enlarged view of E in Figure 13 of the present invention.
  • Support tube 347. Push spring; 348. Linkage block; 349. Push-pull rod; 350. Second pull rope; 351. Ring-shaped supporting plate; 352. Top Extension spring; 353. Hemispheric top block; 354. Connection hole; 36. Ring gear; 361. Positioning motor; 362. Support shaft; 363. First gear; 364. Second gear; 37. Stirring toothed plate; 38 , positioning block; 39. unloading mechanism; 391. limit chute; 392. baffle; 393. unloading port; 394. through hole; 395. linkage plate; 396. sealing sleeve; 397. contraction spring; 401.
  • the embodiment of the present application discloses a grain dust removal device for grain processing. It is explained that the grain dust removal device for grain processing is mainly used in the process of dust removal of grains. In terms of technical effect, it can pour the grains into the feeding hopper. 331 produces dust, grains are mixed with chaff, and dust easily remains on the surface of the grains, resulting in poor dust removal. Especially when dusting grains, washing the grains with water can effectively remove them.
  • the grain dust removal device for grain processing can also achieve rapid separation between grain and water, and can perform secondary washing of the grain, thereby The remaining dust on the surface of the grain is completely removed, further enhancing the dust removal effect on the grain; in addition, the grain dust removal device for grain processing forms a water curtain by spraying water, thereby being able to wet the grain poured into the feeding hopper 331, thus This prevents dust from being generated when the grains are poured into the feeding hopper 331, and the chaff in the grains can be screened out through water selection.
  • a grain dust removal device for grain processing includes a processing barrel 1.
  • a feeding port 11 is provided at the upper end of the processing barrel 1.
  • a supporting discharging unit 2 is installed at the lower end of the processing barrel 1.
  • the supporting discharging unit 2 is It includes a support platform 21 located below the processing barrel 1.
  • a cleaning unit 3 and a filter unit 5 are arranged inside the processing barrel 1 from top to bottom.
  • the filter unit 5 includes a water filter plate 51 installed in the middle of the inner wall of the processing barrel 1.
  • the grains are poured into the processing barrel 1 through the feeding port 11.
  • the cleaning unit 3 can spray water on the grains above the feeding port 11 to prevent friction between the grains and dust.
  • the chaff mixed in the grain is removed; then the grain inside the processing barrel 1 is cleaned through the cleaning unit 3 to wash away the dust on the surface of the grain, and then the washed dust is filtered out through the filter unit 5 and the cleaning is completed.
  • the grains are dried; finally, the cleaned grains are poured out through the support discharging unit 2.
  • the cleaning unit 3 includes an annular plate 31, An annular plate 31 is installed above the inner wall of the processing barrel 1. A conical plate 32 is provided on the inner wall of the annular plate 31. An actuator 33 is installed on the processing barrel 1.
  • the actuator 33 includes a feed hopper 331 located in the middle of the upper end of the processing barrel 1.
  • an annular ring gear 36 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the processing barrel 1.
  • a plurality of annularly distributed stirring toothed plates 37 are evenly provided on the inner wall of the annular ring gear 36.
  • a plurality of stirring toothed plates 37 are installed on the upper end of the annular plate 31 in a staggered row.
  • a unloading mechanism 39 is provided between the cloth positioning block 38, the annular plate 31 and the conical plate 32.
  • a positioning motor 361 is installed on the outer wall of the processing barrel 1 through a motor seat.
  • the output shaft of the positioning motor 361 is equipped with a support shaft 362.
  • the support shaft The first gear 363 and the second gear 364 are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the gear 362 up and down, and the first gear 363 meshes with the annular ring gear 36 .
  • the positioning motor 361 drives the third through the support shaft 362.
  • the first gear 363 and the second gear 364 rotate.
  • the first gear 363 drives the stirring toothed plate 37 to rotate through the annular ring gear 36, but neither the annular plate 31 nor the positioning block 38 rotates. Therefore, the stirring toothed plate 37 and the positioning block 38 do not rotate.
  • the actuator 33 also includes a water storage chamber 332.
  • the water storage chamber 332 is provided inside the feed hopper 331.
  • the upper end of the water storage chamber 332 is symmetrically provided with two connected ones along the length direction of the feed hopper 331.
  • the communicating hole 333 and the two side walls of the feeding hopper 331 in the length direction are equipped with a plurality of spray heads 334 arranged at equal intervals and connected to the communicating hole 333.
  • the inner wall of the feeding hopper 331 is detachably provided with a barrier net 335. .
  • two water pumps 336 are symmetrically arranged under the outer wall of the processing barrel 1 through a support frame.
  • the input end of the water pump 336 is equipped with a water inlet pipe 337 extending to the lower side of the inside of the processing barrel 1.
  • the water pump 336 The output end is provided with a first water outlet pipe 339 and a second water outlet pipe 340 through the conversion assembly 338.
  • One end of the first water outlet pipe 339 away from the water pump 336 is connected with the water storage chamber 332.
  • a certain amount of water is first injected into the inside of the processing barrel 1, and the water remains at the inner bottom of the processing barrel 1, and then the grains are poured into the feeding hopper 331 and accumulated on the upper end of the barrier net 335; at the same time, , start the water pump 336.
  • the water pump 336 pumps out the water inside the processing barrel 1 through the conversion assembly 338 and discharges it into the water storage chamber 332 through the second water outlet pipe 340.
  • the spray head 334 pumps out the water in the water storage chamber 332 and sprays it out.
  • the water mist causes the water mist sprayed by the spray heads 334 on both sides of the feed hopper 331 to form a water curtain to wet the grains, thereby preventing dust from being generated when the grains are poured into the feed hopper 331.
  • the chaff in the grain floats upward to the water surface. Since the shape of the grain is smaller than the chaff, the grain settles downward and passes through the barrier net 335 before falling through the feeding port 11 The inside of the processing barrel 1 is cleaned, and the chaff remains on the upper end of the barrier net 335. Then the barrier net 335 is removed to remove the chaff, thereby achieving the first cleaning of the grains; thereby matching with water selection
  • the barrier net 335 can separate the grains and chaff so that the chaff can be screened out.
  • the unloading mechanism 39 includes a plurality of circumferential limit slides evenly opened on the upper end of the annular plate 31.
  • the upper end of the limit chute 391 is provided with a plurality of discharge openings 393 at equal intervals along the width direction.
  • the baffle 392 is provided with through holes 394, and the through holes 394 are provided with through holes 394.
  • the width is greater than the diameter of the unloading port 393.
  • the side of the baffle 392 away from the tapered plate 32 is provided with a linkage plate 395 after passing through the processing barrel 1.
  • the outer wall of the baffle 392 is provided with a sealing sleeve 396 connected to the processing barrel 1 in a sliding sleeve. , a plurality of contraction springs 397 are provided between the linkage plate 395 and the sealing sleeve 396.
  • the sealing sleeve 396 can be used to seal between the processing barrel 1 and the baffle 392 to prevent the water inside the processing barrel 1 from seeping out; in addition, the contraction spring 397 always exerts contraction on the linkage plate 395 and the baffle 392 force, so that the linkage plate 395 and the baffle 392 always have a tendency to move away from the processing barrel 1 in the initial state.
  • the through holes 394 on the baffle 392 and the discharge opening 393 are staggered, so as to facilitate The unloading port 393 is blocked, thereby extending the stirring and cleaning time of the grains by the stirring toothed plate 37 and further improving the cleaning effect.
  • the unloading mechanism 39 also includes a transmission cylinder 401.
  • the transmission cylinder 401 is installed in the middle of the lower end of the tapered plate 32.
  • the telescopic end of the transmission cylinder 401 is provided with a water filter.
  • Plate 51, the upper end of the water filter plate 51 is symmetrically provided with two push rods along the transmission cylinder 401. After the upper ends of the two push rods pass through the tapered plate 32, a closing block is provided together with the feeding port 11.
  • the water filter plate An annular support plate 402 is installed on the upper end of 51, and a plurality of annularly distributed supporting blocks 403 are evenly arranged on the upper end of the annular supporting plate 402.
  • the upper end of the supporting block 403 is provided with a guide chute along the length direction, and a support column is slidably connected in the guide chute. 404, a support spring 405 is provided between the support column 404 and the side wall of the guide chute close to the transmission cylinder 401.
  • a plurality of mounting blocks 406 corresponding to the position of the supporting block 403 are evenly installed on the inclined surface of the lower end of the tapered plate 32.
  • a sliding groove is provided at the lower end of the mounting block 406, and a matching slider is slidably connected in the sliding groove. 407.
  • the lower end of the matching slider 407 is provided with a groove that matches the upper end of the support column 404.
  • a first pull rope 408 is provided on the side of the matching slider 407 away from the transmission cylinder 401. The first pull rope 408 is away from the side of the matching slider 407.
  • One end passes through the tapered plate 32 and is connected to the baffle 392 .
  • the support spring 405 In the initial state, the support spring 405 always exerts a pushing force on the support column 404, so that the support column 404 has a tendency to move away from the transmission cylinder 401; in addition, under the action of the baffle 392 of the slider 407 and the pull rope, the support column 404 is positioned on the slider 404.
  • the upper and lower positions between the support column 404 and the matching slider 407 correspond to each other; in addition, the transmission cylinder 401 is in a contracted state, so that the water filter plate 51 is at the highest position, and the push rod drives the closing block to the feeding port 11 is closed so that the grains poured into the feeding hopper 331 are fully immersed in water, thereby ensuring that the chaff mixed in the grains is completely removed.
  • the transmission cylinder 401 is started, and the transmission cylinder 401 drives the water filter plate 51 to move downward.
  • the water filter plate 51 drives the push rod and the sealing block to move synchronously to release the sealing effect on the feeding port 11, allowing the feed to be fed.
  • the whole grain and water in the bucket 331 fall through the feeding port 11 to the upper end of the annular plate 31 for cleaning.
  • the transmission cylinder 401 drives the water filter plate 51 to move upward, and the water filter plate 51 drives the annular support plate 402, the supporting block 403 and the support column 404 to move upward as a whole, so that the support column 404 is against the lower end of the matching slider 407. groove and exert upward pushing force on the fitting slider 407, so that the fitting slider 407 moves along the sliding groove to the side close to the transmission cylinder 401 under the action of the pushing force.
  • the support column 404 moves along the The guide chute moves to one side of the transmission cylinder 401, so that the slider 407 exerts a pulling force on the baffle 392 through the first pull rope 408, so that the through hole 394 on the baffle 392 and the discharge opening 393 coincide with each other, so as to facilitate the grain
  • the water is discharged through the discharge port 393; during this period, the annular ring gear 36 drives the stirring toothed plate 37 to continuously rotate, so that the stirring toothed plate 37 cleans the grains on the upper end of the annular plate 31 to the discharge port 393, thereby Ensure that the grains on the upper end of the annular plate 31 completely fall through the unloading opening 393, thereby realizing automatic unloading of the grains.
  • the transmission cylinder 401 drives the water filter plate 51 to move downward and reset, and the water filter plate 51 drives the annular support plate 402, the supporting block 403 and the support column 404 to move downward and reset as a whole.
  • the baffle 392 is under the action of the contraction spring 397 Reset and re-block the unloading port 393, and the matching slider 407 and support column 404 are also reset respectively.
  • the filter unit 5 includes an installation There is a water filter plate 51 in the middle of the inner wall of the processing barrel 1.
  • the water filter plate 51 is provided with a plurality of annularly distributed drainage holes.
  • the upper ends of the drainage holes are hinged with a plurality of annularly distributed sector plates 52 through a first torsion spring.
  • the first torsion spring A downward twisting force is always applied to the sector plate 52, and the plurality of sector plates 52 form a complete circular plate under the torsion force of the first torsion spring; a fixed frame is provided on the inner wall of the processing barrel 1 and below the water filter plate 51 53.
  • the upper end of the fixed frame 53 is equipped with a push rod 54 corresponding to the position of the drainage hole.
  • the diameter of the push rod 54 is smaller than the diameter of the drainage hole.
  • a first through hole is opened on any side of the outer wall of the processing barrel 1 and above the water filter plate 51 , a first opening and closing plate 57 is hinged on the inner wall of the first through hole.
  • two filter mesh perforated plates 55 arranged up and down are installed on the inner wall of the processing barrel 1 and below the fixed frame 53, and a dust removal pad is detachably provided between the two filter mesh perforated plates 55. 56.
  • the outer wall of the processing barrel 1 is located below the first opening and closing plate 57 and above the filter mesh plate 55.
  • a second through hole is provided.
  • the inner wall of the second through hole is hinged with a second opening and closing plate 58.
  • the inner wall of the processing barrel 1 is provided with a stirring and drying device. STEM Agency 59.
  • annular cavity 341 is provided inside the processing barrel 1 and located below the annular plate 31 .
  • the annular cavity 341 is evenly provided with a plurality of annular distribution channels on one side close to the inside of the processing barrel 1 .
  • the liquid outlet hole 342 and the end of the second water outlet pipe 340 away from the water pump 336 are connected with the annular cavity 341 .
  • the water is filtered
  • the fan-shaped plate 52 on the plate 51 conflicts with the push rod 54, and the fan-shaped plate 52 can be pushed upward through the push rod 54, so that a gap appears between two adjacent fan-shaped plates 52, but the width of the gap is smaller than the diameter of the grain, so
  • the water and part of the dust on the upper end of the water filter plate 51 will flow downward through the gap and fall on the filter mesh plate 55, so that only grains remain on the upper end of the water filter plate 51, thereby achieving rapid separation between the grains and water; then the water Passing through the filter mesh plate 55 and the dust removal pad 56, the water is filtered through the dust removal pad 56, so that the dust remains inside the dust removal pad 56.
  • the filtered clean water passes through the dust removal pad 56 and then falls to the bottom of the processing barrel 1.
  • the water pump 336 pumps out the water at the bottom of the processing barrel 1 and discharges the water to the second water outlet pipe 340 through the conversion assembly 338.
  • the second water outlet pipe 340 guides the water to the inside of the annular cavity 341, and then the water in the annular cavity 341 It is sprayed to the upper end of the water filter plate 51 through the outlet hole 342 to facilitate the second flushing of the grains, thereby completely removing the dust remaining on the surface of the grains, so as to enhance the dust removal effect on the grains, and no dust will occur during the dust removal process. , to prevent the air environment from being affected, and the cleaned water and dust are discharged through the gaps between the sector plates 52 again.
  • the grains on the upper end of the water filter plate 51 are dried by the stirring and drying mechanism, and then the first opening and closing plate 57 is opened, and the grains can be taken out from the first through hole; in addition, the second opening and closing plate 58 can be opened to remove the dust.
  • the pad 56 is taken out from the second through hole and replaced, and then the first opening and closing plate 57 and the second opening and closing plate 58 are closed.
  • the support and discharging unit 2 also includes a receiving plate 22.
  • the receiving plate 22 is hinged in the middle of the lower end of the processing barrel 1.
  • the receiving plate 22 is arranged on the upper end of the supporting platform 21.
  • the upper end of the supporting platform 21 is along the receiving plate 22.
  • Two storage chutes 23 are symmetrically provided. The inner bottom walls of the two storage chutes 23 gradually slope downward from one side of the support platform 21 to the other side.
  • the lower end of the processing barrel 1 is symmetrically and slidingly connected along the receiving plate 22 with two respective
  • the auxiliary plate 24 is slidably connected in the storage chute 23; in the initial state, the heights of the upper ends of the two auxiliary plates 24 are equal, and the processing barrel 1 is in a vertical state at this time.
  • two mounting holes are symmetrically provided on the auxiliary plate 24 along the length direction, and a support block 25 is slidably connected inside the mounting hole.
  • the upper end of the support platform 21 is symmetrically provided with two positioning plates along the receiving plate 22 . 26.
  • Two two-way screws 27 passing through the support block 25 are connected symmetrically and rotationally between the two positioning plates 26.
  • the two two-way screws 27 are connected through a belt drive, and the support block 25 is threadedly connected to the two-way screw. 27 match.
  • the outer wall of the two-way screw 27 is provided with two sets of threads in opposite directions near its two ends. Therefore, when the two-way screw 27 is rotated, the support block 25 can be driven to move relative or away from each other, and the two-way screw 27 is a self-locking screw. , that is, it can automatically lock after turning and will not rotate at will.
  • any two-way screw 27 is rotated. During the rotation of the two-way screw 27, it drives the two auxiliary plates 24 to move away from each other.
  • the support block 25 drives the auxiliary plate 24 along the storage chute 23. Move; since the inner bottom wall of the storage chute 23 is inclined, the height difference between the two auxiliary plates 24 gradually creates and causes the processing barrel 1 to tilt toward the side with the first through hole.
  • the support block 25 It slides adaptively in the installation hole, and the grains on the upper end of the water filter plate 51 are gathered at the first through hole, so that the grains are easily collected; after the grain collection is completed, close the first opening and closing plate 57 and reversely rotate the two-way screw 27 , the two-way screw 27 drives the auxiliary plate 24 to move and reset through the support block 25.
  • the water pump 336 in order to perform preliminary cleaning and secondary flushing of grains, the water pump 336 is required to discharge water into the water storage chamber 332 and the annular chamber 341 respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to The output end of the water pump 336 is connected to the first water outlet pipe 339 and the second water outlet pipe 340 respectively; specifically, the conversion assembly 338 includes a hollow fixed block 343, and the outer wall of the processing barrel 1 is provided with two hollow fixed blocks 343 located above the water pump 336. , a conversion slider 344 is slidably connected inside the hollow fixed block 343. The conversion slider 344 is symmetrically provided with two outlet holes 345 connected to the first water outlet pipe 339 and the second water outlet pipe 340 respectively along the length direction.
  • the conversion slider 344 The lower end of 344 is provided with a support tube 346 connected with the output end of the water pump 336.
  • Two push springs 347 are symmetrically installed between the conversion slide block 344 and the side of the hollow fixed block 343 close to the processing tube 1; the push springs 347 are always facing each other.
  • the conversion slider 344 exerts a pushing force, so that the conversion slider 344 has a tendency to move away from the processing barrel 1, so that in the initial state, the first water outlet pipe 339 is connected to the support barrel 346 at the output end of the water pump 336.
  • two relief grooves corresponding to the positions of the water pump 336 are symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the processing barrel 1, and two linkage slides are installed on the outer wall of the water filter plate 51 and are slidably connected in the relief grooves.
  • Block 348, the upper and lower side walls of the water filter plate 51 are provided with sealing telescopic plates connected to the inner wall of the relief groove.
  • the sealing telescopic plates can seal the relief groove to prevent water in the processing barrel 1 from entering the relief groove.
  • Inside; an extension hole is provided at the lower end of the relief groove.
  • the lower end of the linkage block 348 is provided with a push-pull rod 349 that is slidably connected inside the extension hole.
  • a second pull rope 350 is provided between the push-pull rod 349 and the conversion slider 344.
  • the transmission cylinder 401 drives the water filter plate 51 to move upward
  • the grain needs to be cleaned for the first time in the feed hopper 331.
  • the water filter plate 51 drives the linkage block 348 and the push-pull rod 349 to move upward as a whole.
  • 349 exerts a pulling force on the conversion slider 344 through the second pull rope 350, so that the conversion slider 344 moves to the side close to the processing barrel 1, thereby converting the positions of the first water outlet pipe 339 and the second water outlet pipe 340, so that The second water outlet pipe 340 is connected to the output end of the water pump 336; then the water pump 336 discharges the water through the second water outlet pipe 340 and performs initial cleaning of the grains.
  • the transmission cylinder 401 drives the water filter plate 51 to move downward, and the water filter plate 51 drives the linkage block 348 and the push-pull rod 349 to move downward and reset.
  • the conversion slider 344 resets under the action of the push spring 347 and controls the first outlet.
  • the water pipe 339 is connected to the output end of the water pump 336; since the grain is at the upper end of the water filter plate 51 at this time, the water pump 336 discharges the water through the first outlet pipe 339 and performs a secondary flushing process on the grain; in summary, through the water filter plate 51 51 moves up and down to control the conversion slider 344 to move accordingly, so that the conversion slider 344 converts the connection status of the first water outlet pipe 339, the second water outlet pipe 340 and the output end of the water pump 336, thereby enabling the water to be washed according to the grain.
  • the steps are discharged, the operation is simple, and no additional driver is required.
  • the conversion assembly 338 also includes an annular supporting plate 351 provided on the inner wall of the supporting tube 346, and a receiving hole is provided at the lower end of the hollow fixing block 343, and the annular supporting plate
  • the upper end of the plate 351 is provided with a hemispherical top block 353 that is slidably connected in the receiving hole through an extension spring 352.
  • the upper end of the hemispherical top block 353 is provided with a water tank, and the lower end of the water tank is evenly provided with a plurality of annularly distributed connecting holes 354.
  • the conversion slider 344 exerts a squeezing force on the hemispherical top block 353 during the sliding process, so that the hemispherical top block 353 shrinks in the receiving hole.
  • the hemispherical top block 353 pops upward under the action of the extension spring 352 and abuts the lower end of the water outlet hole 345, thereby positioning the conversion slider 344 so that the water outlet hole 345 and the support tube 346 are accurately docked, thereby ensuring
  • the first water outlet pipe 339 or the second water outlet pipe 340 is accurately connected to the water outlet end of the water pump 336, and the normal drainage of the water pump 336 will not be affected by the water reservoir and the connection hole 354.
  • the dry mechanism 59 includes a hollow annular frame 591.
  • the lower end of the annular plate 31 is rotatably connected to the hollow annular frame 591.
  • the outer wall of the hollow annular frame 591 is evenly provided with a plurality of annularly distributed gear teeth that mesh with the second gear 364.
  • the hollow annular frame 591 A plurality of annularly distributed hollow support rods 592 are evenly arranged on the inner wall.
  • the lower end of the hollow support rod 592 is provided with a hollow rectangular plate 593 through a telescopic tube.
  • the hollow ring frame 591, the hollow support rod 592 and the hollow rectangular plate 593 are connected.
  • a plurality of annularly distributed air pumps 594 are evenly arranged at the lower end of the annular frame 591.
  • the output end of the air pump 594 extends to the inside of the hollow annular frame 591, and an annular heating mesh 595 and a hollow rectangular plate are arranged between the hollow annular frame 591 and the hollow support rod 592.
  • a plurality of exhaust holes 596 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the hollow rectangular plate 593, and a plurality of positioning rods 597 are arranged staggered with the exhaust holes 596 on the upper and lower side walls of the hollow rectangular plate 593.
  • connecting plates 598 are installed on both side walls of the hollow rectangular plate 593 in the length direction through linkage rods.
  • Two support shafts are symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the two connecting plates 598 along the hollow rectangular plate 593 . 362.
  • the outer wall of the support shaft 362 is rotated by a second torsion spring and is provided with a material shifting plate 599. Through the arrangement of the second torsion spring, the material shifting plate 599 always remains vertical without being affected by other external forces.
  • the positioning motor 361 drives the second gear 364 to rotate through the support shaft 362
  • the second gear 364 drives the hollow annular frame 591 to rotate through the gear teeth
  • the hollow annular frame 591 drives the hollow support rod 592 , the hollow rectangular plate 593 and the stirring plate 599 rotate as a whole, thereby stirring and stirring the grain at the upper end of the water filter plate 51 to ensure that the water in the grain flows out quickly through the gap between the sector plates 52, and the stirring plate 599 and the grain Adaptive tilt occurs when contact occurs.
  • the air pump 594 and the annular heating mesh 595 are started, and the air pump 594 inflates the hollow annular frame 591.
  • the air inside the hollow annular frame 591 passes through the annular heating mesh 595 to form a hot air flow, and then the hot air flow enters the hollow support rod 592 in turn. , the inside of the telescopic tube and the hollow rectangular plate 593 and heat them and the positioning rod 597.
  • the heated hollow support rod 592, the hollow rectangular plate 593 and the positioning rod 597 come into contact with the grains, the evaporation of moisture on the surface of the grains can be accelerated; in addition, , the hot air flow inside the hollow rectangular plate 593 can be ejected through the exhaust hole 596, thereby increasing the heating area of the grain, thereby improving the drying efficiency of the grain.
  • the first opening and closing plate 57 is opened. At this time, the stirring plate 599 continues to stir the grain, thereby pushing the grain to the first through hole to facilitate the removal of the grain.
  • the first step first inject a certain amount of water into the inside of the processing barrel 1, and the water remains at the inner bottom of the processing barrel 1, then pour the grain into the feeding hopper 331 and accumulate it on the upper end of the barrier net 335; with this At the same time, the water pump 336 is started, and the water pump 336 draws out the water inside the processing barrel 1 and discharges it into the water storage chamber 332 through the second water outlet pipe 340.
  • the spray head 334 draws out the water in the water storage chamber 332 and sprays out water mist to form
  • the water curtain is used to wet the grains and prevent dust from being generated when the grains are poured into the feeding hopper 331.
  • the chaff When the water in the feed hopper 331 submerges the grains, the chaff floats upward to the water surface, and the grains settle downwards and pass through the barrier net 335, while the chaff remains at the upper end of the barrier net 335, and then the barrier net 335 is dismantled.
  • the chaff can be removed by pressing down, thereby achieving the first cleaning of the grain.
  • Step 2 Start the transmission cylinder 401.
  • the transmission cylinder 401 drives the water filter plate 51 to move downward.
  • the water filter plate 51 drives the push rod and the closing block to move synchronously to release the sealing effect on the feeding port 11, so that the feeding hopper 331
  • the grain and water inside fall into the processing barrel 1 through the feeding port 11; at the same time, the grain can be guided to the top of the annular plate 31 through the conical plate 32, and then the positioning motor 361 is started, and the positioning motor 361 passes through the support shaft 362
  • the first gear 363 and the second gear 364 are driven to rotate.
  • the first gear 363 drives the stirring toothed plate 37 to rotate through the annular ring gear 36. Through the mutual cooperation between the stirring toothed plate 37 and the positioning block 38, the grains can be stirred and cleaned. processing, which can effectively remove the dust mixed in the grain.
  • Step 3 After the grain cleaning is completed, the transmission cylinder 401 drives the water filter plate 51 to move upward.
  • the water filter plate 51 drives the annular support plate 402, the supporting block 403 and the support column 404 to move upward as a whole.
  • the cooperation between 407 causes the matching slider 407 and the support column 404 to move to the side closer to the transmission cylinder 401.
  • the matching slider 407 exerts a pulling force on the baffle 392 through the first pull rope 408, so that the baffle 392
  • the through hole 394 and the discharge opening 393 overlap, so that grain and water can be discharged through the discharge opening 393.
  • the annular ring gear 36 drives the stirring toothed plate 37 to continuously rotate, so that the stirring toothed plate 37 cleans the grains at the upper end of the annular plate 31 to the discharge port 393, thereby ensuring that the grains at the upper end of the annular plate 31 completely pass through The unloading port 393 drops, thereby realizing automatic unloading of grains.
  • Step 4 When the transmission cylinder 401 drives the water filter plate 51 to move downward to the lowest position, the fan-shaped plate 52 on the water filter plate 51 conflicts with the push rod 54, and the fan-shaped plate 52 can be pushed upward through the push rod 54, so that A gap appears between two adjacent fan-shaped plates 52, and the water and part of the dust on the upper end of the water filter plate 51 will flow downward through the gap and fall on the filter mesh plate 55, so that only grains remain on the upper end of the water filter plate 51, thus Rapid separation between grains and water is achieved; then the water flowing down is filtered through the dust removal pad 56, and the filtered clean water passes through the dust removal pad 56 and then falls to the bottom of the processing barrel 1.
  • the water pump 336 pumps out the water at the bottom of the processing barrel 1 and discharges it to the second water outlet pipe 340.
  • the second water outlet pipe 340 guides the water to the inside of the annular cavity 341, and then the water in the annular cavity 341 passes through the liquid outlet hole 342.
  • the upper end of the water filter plate 51 is sprayed out to facilitate the second flushing of the grains, thereby completely removing the dust remaining on the surface of the grains, and the washed water and dust are discharged through the gaps between the sector plates 52 again.
  • Step 5 The second gear 364 drives the hollow annular frame 591 to rotate through the gear teeth.
  • the hollow annular frame 591 drives the hollow support rod 592, the hollow rectangular plate 593 and the material dialing plate 599 to rotate as a whole, thereby filtering the grains on the upper end of the water filter plate 51. Stir and stir to ensure that the water in the grain flows out quickly through the gap between the fan-shaped plates 52. When the stirring plate 599 comes into contact with the grain, it will tilt adaptively.
  • the air pump 594 and the annular heating mesh 595 are started, and the air pump 594 inflates the hollow annular frame 591.
  • the air inside the hollow annular frame 591 passes through the annular heating mesh 595 to form a hot air flow, and then the hot air flow enters the hollow support rod 592 and The inside of the hollow rectangular plate 593 and the positioning rod 597 are heated.
  • the heated hollow support rod 592, the hollow rectangular plate 593 and the positioning rod 597 are in contact with the grains, the evaporation of moisture on the surface of the grains can be accelerated; in addition, the hollow rectangular plate
  • the hot air flow inside 593 can be ejected through the exhaust hole 596, thereby increasing the heating area of the grain and thereby improving the drying efficiency of the grain.
  • the grains can be preliminarily cleaned, stirred and cleaned, quickly separated from the grains and water, secondary rinsed, and quickly dried, thereby enhancing the dust removal effect on the grains.
  • the washed grains are dried after drying. state, there is no need to worry about the spoilage and germination of grains.
  • Step 6 After the grain drying is completed, open the first opening and closing plate 57, and then rotate any two-way screw 27. During the rotation of the two-way screw 27, it drives the two auxiliary plates 24 to move away from each other, and the support block 25 drives the auxiliary plate 24 along the The storage chute 23 moves; causing a height difference between the two auxiliary plates 24 to gradually occur and causing the processing barrel 1 to tilt toward the side with the first through hole, so that the grains on the upper end of the water filter plate 51 are gathered at the first through hole. hole; at this time, the stirring plate 599 continues to stir the grain, thereby pushing the grain to the first through hole, so that the grain can be easily taken out.
  • Repeating the above steps can form a cycle of washing, drying and taking out the grain, thereby improving work efficiency.

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  • Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)

Abstract

一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,包括加工筒(1)、开设于加工筒(1)上端的投料口(11)、支撑出料单元(2)、清洗单元(3)和过滤单元(5),通过喷出的水雾将倒入进料斗(331)中的谷物打湿,通过水选的方式将谷物和谷壳进行分离,通过水洗的方式对谷物进行搅拌清洗处理。

Description

一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置 技术领域
本发明涉及粮食加工领域,特别涉及一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置。
背景技术
粮食一般概括为谷物,谷物含营养物质丰富,主要为蛋白质、维生素、膳食纤维、脂肪、淀粉等,由于谷物表面通常附着灰尘和谷壳,因此谷物在初步加工时需要对其进行除尘以及去壳处理,从而去除谷物表面的杂质,以便于提高谷物的质量。
然而目前对谷物进行除尘去壳时通常采用风选的方式,即将谷物抛洒至空中,再通过风力将掺杂在谷物中的灰尘和谷壳吹除,以实现谷物与灰尘和谷壳的分离,但是采用风选的方式存在以下问题:
1、风力只能将掺杂在谷物中的灰尘吹除,而无法清除附着在谷物表面的灰尘,导致谷物表面仍残留灰尘,从而除尘效果较差,且风选的方式容易将灰尘和谷壳吹至空气中,造成扬尘,影响环境。
2、此外,由于谷壳通常包裹在谷物外部,因此风力吹向谷物时,容易将谷壳连同其内部的谷物整体吹起,从而无法有效对谷物和谷壳进行分离,且容易造成谷物的浪费。
因此,在上述陈述的观点之下,现有的谷物除尘的技术手段还有可提高的空间。
技术解决方案
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,包括加工筒,加工筒上端开设有投料口,所述加工筒下端安装有支撑出料单元,支撑出料单元包括位于加工筒下方的支撑台,加工筒内部从上到下依次设置有清洗单元和过滤单元,过滤单元包括安装在加工筒内壁中部的滤水板。
所述清洗单元包括环形板,加工筒内侧壁上方安装有环形板,环形板内侧壁设置有锥形板,加工筒上安装有执行机构,执行机构包括设置在加工筒上端中部的进料斗,加工筒内侧壁转动连接有环形齿圈,环形齿圈内侧壁均匀设置有多个环形分布的搅拌齿状板,环形板上端安装有多个与搅拌齿状板交错排布的定位块;
环形板和锥形板之间设置有下料机构,下料机构包括多个周向均匀开设于环形板上端的限位滑槽,限位滑槽内部滑动连接有挡板。
优选的,所述加工筒外侧壁通过电机座安装有定位电机,定位电机的输出轴安装有支撑轴,支撑轴外壁上下对称套设有第一齿轮和第二齿轮,第一齿轮与环形齿圈相啮合。
优选的,所述下料机构还包括下料口,限位滑槽上端沿宽度方向等间距开设有多个下料口,挡板上开设有贯穿孔,贯穿孔的宽度大于下料口的直径,挡板远离锥形板的一侧穿过加工筒后设置有联动板,挡板外壁滑动套设有与加工筒相连接的密封套,联动板和密封套之间设置有多个收缩弹簧。
优选的,所述下料机构还包括传动气缸,锥形板下端中部安装有传动气缸,传动气缸的伸缩端设置有滤水板,滤水板上端沿传动气缸对称设置有两个顶推杆,两个顶推杆上端穿过锥形板后共同设置有与投料口相配合的封闭块,滤水板上端安装有环形支撑板,环形支撑板上端均匀设置有多个环形分布的承托块,承托块上端沿长度方向开设有导向滑槽,导向滑槽内滑动连接有支撑柱,支撑柱和导向滑槽靠近传动气缸的一侧壁之间设置有支撑弹簧;
锥形板下端的倾斜面均匀安装有多个与承托块位置相对应的安装块,安装块下端开设有滑移槽,滑移槽内滑动连接有配合滑块,配合滑块下端开设有与支撑柱上端相配合的凹槽,配合滑块远离传动气缸的一侧设置有第一拉绳,第一拉绳远离配合滑块的一端穿过锥形板后与挡板相连接。
优选的,所述执行机构还包括储水腔,进料斗内部开设有储水腔,储水腔上端沿进料斗长度方向对称开设有两个与其相连通的连通孔,进料斗长度方向的两侧壁均安装有多个等间距排布且与连通孔相连通的喷雾头,进料斗内侧壁可拆卸的设置有隔挡网;
加工筒外侧壁下方通过支撑架对称设置有两个水泵,水泵的输入端安装有延伸至加工筒内部下侧的进水管,水泵的输出端通过转换组件设置有第一出水管和第二出水管,第一出水管远离水泵的一端与储水腔相连通,加工筒内部且位于环形板下方开设有环形腔道,环形腔道靠近加工筒内部的一侧均匀开设有多个环形分布的出液孔,第二出水管远离水泵的一端与环形腔道相连通。
优选的,所述转换组件包括空心固定块,加工筒外壁设置有两个位于水泵上方的空心固定块,空心固定块内部滑动连接有转换滑块,转换滑块上沿长度方向对称开设有两个分别与第一出水管和第二出水管相连通的出水孔,转换滑块下端设置有与水泵输出端相连通的支撑筒,转换滑块和空心固定块靠近加工筒的一侧之间对称安装有两个推挤弹簧;
加工筒内侧壁对称设置有两个与水泵位置相对应的让位槽,滤水板外侧壁安装有两个滑动连接在让位槽内的联动块,滤水板的上下两侧壁均设置有与让位槽内壁相连接的密封伸缩板,让位槽下端开设有延伸孔,联动块下端设置有滑动连接在延伸孔内部的推拉杆,推拉杆和转换滑块之间设置有第二拉绳。
优选的,所述转换组件还包括设置在支撑筒内侧壁的环形承托板,空心固定块下端开设有容纳孔,环形承托板上端通过顶伸弹簧设置有滑动连接在容纳孔内的半球顶块,半球顶块上端开设有蓄水槽,蓄水槽下端均匀开设有多个环形分布的连接孔。
优选的,所述过滤单元还包括扇形板,滤水板上开设有多个环形分布的排水孔,排水孔上端通过第一扭簧铰接有多个环形分布的扇形板,多个扇形板在第一扭簧的扭转力作用下形成完整的圆形板,加工筒内侧壁且位于滤水板下方设置有固定架,固定架上端安装有与排水孔位置相对应的顶杆,顶杆的直径小于排水孔的直径,加工筒外壁任意一侧且位于滤水板上方开设有第一通孔,第一通孔内壁铰接有第一开合板;
加工筒内侧壁且位于固定架下方安装有两个上下排布的过滤网孔板,两个过滤网孔板之间可拆卸的设置有除尘垫,加工筒外壁位于第一开合板下方且位于过滤网孔板上方开设有第二通孔,第二通孔内壁铰接有第二开合板,加工筒内侧壁设置有搅动烘干机构。
优选的,所述搅动烘干机构包括空心环形架,环形板下端转动连接有空心环形架,空心环形架外侧壁均匀设置有多个环形分布并与第二齿轮相啮合的轮齿,空心环形架内侧壁均匀设置有多个环形分布的空心支撑杆,空心支撑杆下端通过伸缩筒设置有空心矩形板,空心环形架、空心支撑杆和空心矩形板之间相连通,空心环形架下端均匀设置有多个环形分布的气泵,气泵的输出端延伸至空心环形架内部,且空心环形架和空心支撑杆之间设置有环形加热网,空心矩形板上下两侧均贯穿开设有多个排气孔,且空心矩形板上下两侧壁均设置有多个与排气孔交错排布的定位杆;
空心矩形板长度方向的两侧壁均通过联动杆安装有连接板,两个连接板的相对侧沿空心矩形板对称设置有两个支撑轴,支撑轴外壁通过第二扭簧转动套设有拨料板。
优选的,所述支撑出料单元还包括承接板,加工筒下端中部铰接有承接板,承接板设置在支撑台上端,支撑台上端沿承接板对称开设有两个收纳滑槽,两个收纳滑槽内底壁均从支撑台一侧至另一侧逐渐向下倾斜,加工筒下端沿承接板对称滑动连接有两个分别滑动连接在收纳滑槽内的辅助板;
辅助板上沿长度方向对称开设有两个安装孔,安装孔内部滑动连接有支撑块,支撑台上端沿承接板对称设置有两个定位板,两个定位板之间对称转动连接有两个穿过支撑块的双向螺杆,两个双向螺杆之间通过带传动相连接,且支撑块通过螺纹连接的方式和双向螺杆相配合。
有益效果
综上所述,本申请包括以下至少一种有益技术效果:
一、本发明通过进料斗两侧的喷雾头喷出的水雾形成水幕,以便于将倒入进料斗中的谷物打湿,从而防止将谷物倒入进料斗时产生扬尘;此外,通过水选的方式配合隔挡网可以将谷物和谷壳进行分离,以便于将谷壳筛除,从而避免出现谷物的浪费。
二、本发明通过水洗的方式对谷物进行清洗,并通过相互转动的搅拌齿状板和定位块对谷物进行搅拌清洗处理,进而能够有效的去除掺杂在谷物中的灰尘,以此增强对谷物的除尘效果;此外,通过挡板对下料口进行封堵,可以延长搅拌齿状板对谷物的搅拌清洗时间,进一步提高清洗效果。
三、本发明通过滤水板上的扇形板与顶杆之间的相互配合,使得相邻两个扇形板之间出现缝隙,因此滤水板上端的水以及部分灰尘会经过缝隙向下流出并落在过滤网孔板上,使得滤水板上端仅留有谷物,从而实现谷物和水之间的快速分离;此时通过水泵将水排入环形腔道中并经过出液孔向滤水板上端喷出,以便于对谷物进行二次冲洗,从而将谷物表面残留的灰尘完全清除,以便于增强对谷物的除尘效果,且除尘过程中不会发生扬尘,避免空气环境受影响。
四、本发明通过滤水板上下移动即可控制转换滑块进行相应的移动,使得转换滑块将第一出水管、第二出水管与水泵输出端的连通状态进行转换,进而能够将水根据谷物的清洗步骤排出,操作简单,且无需另设驱动。
五、本发明通过对滤水板上端的谷物进行搅拌拨动,以确保谷物中的水快速经过扇形板之间的缝隙流出,与此同时,通过加热后的空心支撑杆、空心矩形板和定位杆与谷物相接触时可以加快谷物表面水分的蒸发;此外,空心矩形板内部的热气流可以经过排气孔喷出,从而增大谷物的受热面积,进而提高对谷物的烘干效率。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是本发明加工筒和清洗单元之间的结构示意图。
图3是本发明执行机构的结构示意图。
图4是本发明清洗单元的内部结构示意图。
图5是本发明图4的A处局部放大图。
图6是本发明图4的B处局部放大图。
图7是本发明环形板、锥形板和过滤单元之间的结构示意图。
图8是本发明执行机构和过滤单元之间的结构示意图。
图9是本发明图8的C处局部放大图。
图10是本发明支撑出料单元的结构示意图。
图11是本发明转换组件、第一出水管和第二出水管之间的结构示意图。
图12是本发明图11的D处局部放大图。
图13是本发明搅动烘干机构的结构示意图。
图14是本发明图13的E处局部放大图。
图中,1、加工筒;11、投料口;2、支撑出料单元;21、支撑台;22、承接板;23、收纳滑槽;24、辅助板;25、支撑块;26、定位板;27、双向螺杆;3、清洗单元;31、环形板;32、锥形板;33、执行机构;331、进料斗;332、储水腔;333、连通孔;334、喷雾头;335、隔挡网;336、水泵;337、进水管;338、转换组件;339、第一出水管;340、第二出水管;341、环形腔道;342、出液孔;343、空心固定块;344、转换滑块;345、出水孔;346、支撑筒;347、推挤弹簧;348、联动块;349、推拉杆;350、第二拉绳;351、环形承托板;352、顶伸弹簧;353、半球顶块;354、连接孔;36、环形齿圈;361、定位电机;362、支撑轴;363、第一齿轮;364、第二齿轮;37、搅拌齿状板;38、定位块;39、下料机构;391、限位滑槽;392、挡板;393、下料口;394、贯穿孔;395、联动板;396、密封套;397、收缩弹簧;401、传动气缸;402、环形支撑板;403、承托块;404、支撑柱;405、支撑弹簧;406、安装块;407、配合滑块;408、第一拉绳;5、过滤单元;51、滤水板;52、扇形板;53、固定架;54、顶杆;55、过滤网孔板;56、除尘垫;57、第一开合板;58、第二开合板;59、搅动烘干机构;591、空心环形架;592、空心支撑杆;593、空心矩形板;594、气泵;595、环形加热网;596、排气孔;597、定位杆;598、连接板;599、拨料板。
本发明的实施方式
以下结合附图1-图14对本发明的实施例进行详细说明,但是本发明可以由权利要求限定和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。
本申请实施例公开了一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,说明的有,本粮食加工用谷物除尘装置主要是应用在对谷物进行除尘的过程中,在技术效果上能够在谷物倒入进料斗331时产生扬尘、谷物中掺杂有谷壳以及谷物表面容易残留灰尘而导致除尘效果不佳的问题;特别是在对谷物的除尘处理时,通过水洗的方式对谷物进行清洗,能够有效的去除掺杂在谷物中的灰尘,以此增强对谷物的除尘效果;进一步的,本粮食加工用谷物除尘装置还能够实现谷物和水之间的快速分离,并且能够对谷物进行二次冲洗,从而将谷物表面残留的灰尘完全清除,进一步增强对谷物的除尘效果;此外,本粮食加工用谷物除尘装置通过喷水的方式形成水幕,从而能够将倒入进料斗331中的谷物打湿,从而防止将谷物倒入进料斗331时产生扬尘,且通过水选的方式可以将谷物中的谷壳筛出。
实施例
参照图1和图2所示,一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,包括加工筒1,加工筒1上端开设有投料口11,加工筒1下端安装有支撑出料单元2,支撑出料单元2包括位于加工筒1下方的支撑台21,加工筒1内部从上到下依次设置有清洗单元3和过滤单元5,过滤单元5包括安装在加工筒1内壁中部的滤水板51。
在实际应用中,将谷物经过投料口11倒入加工筒1内部,在此期间,通过清洗单元3可以向投料口11上方的谷物喷水,防止谷物之间发生摩擦而发生扬尘,同时将掺杂在谷物中的谷壳清除;随后通过清洗单元3对加工筒1内部的谷物进行清洗处理,以此洗除谷物表面的灰尘,然后通过过滤单元5将洗掉的灰尘滤除且对清洗完成的谷物进行干燥处理;最后通过支撑出料单元2将清洗干净的谷物倒出。
参照图2、图3和图4所示,为了能够将掺杂在谷物中的灰尘完全清除,本实施例中采用水洗的方式对谷物进行清洗处理;具体的,清洗单元3包括环形板31,加工筒1内侧壁上方安装有环形板31,环形板31内侧壁设置有锥形板32,加工筒1上安装有执行机构33,执行机构33包括设置在加工筒1上端中部的进料斗331,加工筒1内侧壁转动连接有环形齿圈36,环形齿圈36内侧壁均匀设置有多个环形分布的搅拌齿状板37,环形板31上端安装有多个与搅拌齿状板37交错排布的定位块38,环形板31和锥形板32之间设置有下料机构39。
继续参照图2所示,为了便于对谷物进行自动清洗处理,本实施例中,在加工筒1外侧壁通过电机座安装有定位电机361,定位电机361的输出轴安装有支撑轴362,支撑轴362外壁上下对称套设有第一齿轮363和第二齿轮364,第一齿轮363与环形齿圈36相啮合。
在具体实施过程中,将谷物倒入加工筒1内部之后,通过锥形板32可以对谷物进行引导,使得谷物堆积在环形板31上方,启动定位电机361,定位电机361通过支撑轴362带动第一齿轮363和第二齿轮364转动,第一齿轮363通过环形齿圈36带动搅拌齿状板37转动,而环形板31和定位块38均不发生转动,因此搅拌齿状板37和定位块38之间为相对转动,从而通过搅拌齿状板37和定位块38之间的相互配合可以对谷物进行搅拌清洗处理,进而能够有效的去除掺杂在谷物中的灰尘,以此增强对谷物的除尘效果;随后通过下料机构39将谷物连同清洗用水向下排出。
参照图3所示,由于谷物中掺杂有谷壳,且谷物清洗之后,灰尘将留滞在清洗用水中,因此为了便于将掺杂在谷物中的谷壳去除,并且将清洗用水中的灰尘去除,在本实施例中,执行机构33还包括储水腔332,进料斗331内部开设有储水腔332,储水腔332上端沿进料斗331长度方向对称开设有两个与其相连通的连通孔333,进料斗331长度方向的两侧壁均安装有多个等间距排布且与连通孔333相连通的喷雾头334,进料斗331内侧壁可拆卸的设置有隔挡网335。
进一步的,于本实施例中,在加工筒1外侧壁下方通过支撑架对称设置有两个水泵336,水泵336的输入端安装有延伸至加工筒1内部下侧的进水管337,水泵336的输出端通过转换组件338设置有第一出水管339和第二出水管340,第一出水管339远离水泵336的一端与储水腔332相连通。
在具体实施过程中,首先向加工筒1内部注入一定量的水,水存留在加工筒1的内底部,随后将谷物倒入进料斗331中并堆积在隔挡网335上端;与此同时,启动水泵336,水泵336通过转换组件338将加工筒1内部的水抽出并经过第二出水管340排出至储水腔332中,随后喷雾头334将储水腔332中的水抽出并喷出水雾,使得进料斗331两侧的喷雾头334喷出的水雾形成水幕,以便于将谷物打湿,从而防止将谷物倒入进料斗331时产生扬尘。
当进料斗331中的水淹没谷物之后,谷物中的谷壳向上漂浮至水面上,由于谷物的形状小于谷壳,因此谷物向下沉淀并穿过隔挡网335后经过投料口11掉落在加工筒1内部接受清洗,而谷壳留滞在隔挡网335上端,随后将隔挡网335拆下即可将谷壳去除,以此实现对谷物的初次清洗;从而通过水选的方式配合隔挡网335可以将谷物和谷壳进行分离,以便于将谷壳筛除。
参照图4和图5所示,为了将清洗完成之后的谷物从环形板31上端向下排出,本实施例中,下料机构39包括多个周向均匀开设于环形板31上端的限位滑槽391,限位滑槽391内部滑动连接有挡板392,限位滑槽391上端沿宽度方向等间距开设有多个下料口393,挡板392上开设有贯穿孔394,贯穿孔394的宽度大于下料口393的直径,挡板392远离锥形板32的一侧穿过加工筒1后设置有联动板395,挡板392外壁滑动套设有与加工筒1相连接的密封套396,联动板395和密封套396之间设置有多个收缩弹簧397。
本实施例中,通过密封套396可以对加工筒1和挡板392之间进行密封处理,防止加工筒1内部的水渗出;此外,收缩弹簧397始终对联动板395和挡板392施加收缩力,使得联动板395和挡板392在初始状态下始终具有向远离加工筒1一侧移动的趋势,此时挡板392上的贯穿孔394和下料口393之间交错排布,以便于对下料口393进行封堵,从而延长搅拌齿状板37对谷物的搅拌清洗时间,进一步提高清洗效果。
参照图2、图4、图5和图6所示,进一步的,下料机构39还包括传动气缸401,锥形板32下端中部安装有传动气缸401,传动气缸401的伸缩端设置有滤水板51,滤水板51上端沿传动气缸401对称设置有两个顶推杆,两个顶推杆上端穿过锥形板32后共同设置有与投料口11相配合的封闭块,滤水板51上端安装有环形支撑板402,环形支撑板402上端均匀设置有多个环形分布的承托块403,承托块403上端沿长度方向开设有导向滑槽,导向滑槽内滑动连接有支撑柱404,支撑柱404和导向滑槽靠近传动气缸401的一侧壁之间设置有支撑弹簧405。
再进一步的,锥形板32下端的倾斜面均匀安装有多个与承托块403位置相对应的安装块406,安装块406下端开设有滑移槽,滑移槽内滑动连接有配合滑块407,配合滑块407下端开设有与支撑柱404上端相配合的凹槽,配合滑块407远离传动气缸401的一侧设置有第一拉绳408,第一拉绳408远离配合滑块407的一端穿过锥形板32后与挡板392相连接。
初始状态下,支撑弹簧405始终对支撑柱404施加推挤力,使得支撑柱404具有向远离传动气缸401一侧移动的趋势;此外,配合滑块407挡板392和拉绳的作用下位于滑移槽底部,此时支撑柱404和配合滑块407之间的上下位置相对应;另外,传动气缸401处于收缩状态,从而滤水板51处于最高位置,且顶推杆带动封闭块对投料口11进行封闭,以便于将倒入至进料斗331内的谷物充分浸没在水中,进而确保掺杂在谷物中的谷壳完全去除。
在具体实施过程中,启动传动气缸401,传动气缸401带动滤水板51向下移动,滤水板51带动顶推杆和封闭块同步移动,以解除对投料口11的封闭效果,使得进料斗331内部的谷物和水整体经过投料口11掉落至环形板31上端接受清洗。
谷物清洗完成之后,传动气缸401带动滤水板51向上移动,滤水板51带动环形支撑板402、承托块403和支撑柱404整体向上移动,使得支撑柱404抵靠在配合滑块407下端的凹槽内并对配合滑块407施加向上的推挤力,使得配合滑块407在推挤力作用下沿滑移槽向靠近传动气缸401的一侧移动,与此同时,支撑柱404沿导向滑槽向传动气缸401的一侧移动,从而配合滑块407通过第一拉绳408对挡板392施加拉力,使得挡板392上的贯穿孔394和下料口393相重合,以便于谷物和水经过下料口393排出;在此期间,环形齿圈36带动搅拌齿状板37持续转动,以便于搅拌齿状板37将环形板31上端的谷物清扫至下料口393处,以此确保环形板31上端的谷物完全经过下料口393落下,从而实现谷物的自动下料。
随后传动气缸401带动滤水板51向下移动复位,滤水板51带动环形支撑板402、承托块403和支撑柱404整体向下移动复位,此时挡板392在收缩弹簧397的作用下复位并对下料口393重新封堵,配合滑块407和支撑柱404也分别复位。
参照图1、图7和图8所示,谷物清洗之后仍浸没在水中,而水中含有灰尘,因此需要将谷物和水进行分离,以此完成谷物的除尘处理;具体的,过滤单元5包括安装在加工筒1内壁中部的滤水板51,滤水板51上开设有多个环形分布的排水孔,排水孔上端通过第一扭簧铰接有多个环形分布的扇形板52,第一扭簧始终对扇形板52施加向下的扭转力,多个扇形板52在第一扭簧的扭转力作用下形成完整的圆形板;加工筒1内侧壁且位于滤水板51下方设置有固定架53,固定架53上端安装有与排水孔位置相对应的顶杆54,顶杆54的直径小于排水孔的直径,加工筒1外壁任意一侧且位于滤水板51上方开设有第一通孔,第一通孔内壁铰接有第一开合板57。
进一步的,本实施例中,在加工筒1内侧壁且位于固定架53下方安装有两个上下排布的过滤网孔板55,两个过滤网孔板55之间可拆卸的设置有除尘垫56,加工筒1外壁位于第一开合板57下方且位于过滤网孔板55上方开设有第二通孔,第二通孔内壁铰接有第二开合板58,加工筒1内侧壁设置有搅动烘干机构59。
再进一步的,参照图8和图9所示,加工筒1内部且位于环形板31下方开设有环形腔道341,环形腔道341靠近加工筒1内部的一侧均匀开设有多个环形分布的出液孔342,第二出水管340远离水泵336的一端与环形腔道341相连通。
在具体实施过程中,传动气缸401带动滤水板51向下移动至最低位置时,环形板31上端的谷物和水均经过下料口393排出并落在滤水板51上端,此时滤水板51上的扇形板52与顶杆54发生抵触,通过顶杆54可以将扇形板52向上顶起,使得相邻两个扇形板52之间出现缝隙,但是缝隙的宽度小于谷物的直径,因此滤水板51上端的水以及部分灰尘会经过缝隙向下流出并落在过滤网孔板55上,使得滤水板51上端仅留有谷物,从而实现谷物和水之间的快速分离;随后水穿过过滤网孔板55和除尘垫56,通过除尘垫56对水进行过滤,使得灰尘留滞在除尘垫56内部,过滤后干净的水则穿过除尘垫56后落在加工筒1底部。
然后水泵336将加工筒1底部的水抽出并经过转换组件338将水排出至第二出水管340中,第二出水管340将水引导至环形腔道341内部,随后环形腔道341中的水经过出液孔342向滤水板51上端喷出,以便于对谷物进行二次冲洗,从而将谷物表面残留的灰尘完全清除,以便于增强对谷物的除尘效果,且除尘过程中不会发生扬尘,避免空气环境受影响,清洗后的水和灰尘再次经过扇形板52之间的缝隙排出。
随后通过搅拌烘干机构对滤水板51上端的谷物进行烘干处理,然后打开第一开合板57,便可以将谷物从第一通孔处取出;此外,打开第二开合板58可以将除尘垫56从第二通孔处取出并更换,随后关闭第一开合板57和第二开合板58即可。
参照图10所示,由于第一通孔位于滤水板51的一侧,因此无法顺利的滤水板51上端远离第一通孔一侧的谷物取出;基于此,本实施例中设置了相应的支撑出料单元2,具体的,支撑出料单元2还包括承接板22,加工筒1下端中部铰接有承接板22,承接板22设置在支撑台21上端,支撑台21上端沿承接板22对称开设有两个收纳滑槽23,两个收纳滑槽23内底壁均从支撑台21一侧至另一侧逐渐向下倾斜,加工筒1下端沿承接板22对称滑动连接有两个分别滑动连接在收纳滑槽23内的辅助板24;初始状态下,两个辅助板24上端的高度相平齐,此时加工筒1为竖直状态。
进一步的,于本实施例中,在辅助板24上沿长度方向对称开设有两个安装孔,安装孔内部滑动连接有支撑块25,支撑台21上端沿承接板22对称设置有两个定位板26,两个定位板26之间对称转动连接有两个穿过支撑块25的双向螺杆27,两个双向螺杆27之间通过带传动相连接,且支撑块25通过螺纹连接的方式和双向螺杆27相配合。
需要说明的是,双向螺杆27外壁靠近其两端部设置有两组旋向相反的螺纹,因此转动双向螺杆27时可带动支撑块25相对移动或背离移动,且双向螺杆27为自锁式螺杆,即转动之后可以自动锁止且不会随意转动。
在具体实施过程中,打开第一开合板57之后,旋转任意一个双向螺杆27,双向螺杆27转动的过程中带动两个辅助板24进行背离移动,支撑块25带动辅助板24沿收纳滑槽23移动;由于收纳滑槽23的内底壁为倾斜设置,因此两个辅助板24之间的高度逐渐产生落差并使得加工筒1向开设有第一通孔的一侧倾斜,此时支撑块25在安装孔内自适应滑动,且滤水板51上端的谷物均汇聚在第一通孔处,从而便于将谷物收集;谷物收集完成之后,关闭第一开合板57,并反向转动双向螺杆27,双向螺杆27通过支撑块25带动辅助板24移动复位。
实施例
参照图8和图11所示,在实施例一的基础上,为了对谷物进行初步清洗和二次冲洗,需要水泵336将水分别排入至储水腔332和环形腔道341内,因此需要水泵336的输出端分别与第一出水管339和第二出水管340相连通;具体的,转换组件338包括空心固定块343,加工筒1外壁设置有两个位于水泵336上方的空心固定块343,空心固定块343内部滑动连接有转换滑块344,转换滑块344上沿长度方向对称开设有两个分别与第一出水管339和第二出水管340相连通的出水孔345,转换滑块344下端设置有与水泵336输出端相连通的支撑筒346,转换滑块344和空心固定块343靠近加工筒1的一侧之间对称安装有两个推挤弹簧347;推挤弹簧347始终对转换滑块344施加推挤力,使得转换滑块344具有向远离加工筒1一侧移动的趋势,从而初始状态时,第一出水管339和水泵336输出端的支撑筒346相连通。
进一步的,与本实施例中,在加工筒1内侧壁对称设置有两个与水泵336位置相对应的让位槽,滤水板51外侧壁安装有两个滑动连接在让位槽内的联动块348,滤水板51的上下两侧壁均设置有与让位槽内壁相连接的密封伸缩板,通过密封伸缩板可以对让位槽进行密封,防止加工筒1中的水进入让位槽内部;让位槽下端开设有延伸孔,联动块348下端设置有滑动连接在延伸孔内部的推拉杆349,推拉杆349和转换滑块344之间设置有第二拉绳350。
在具体实施过程中,传动气缸401带动滤水板51向上移动时,谷物需要在进料斗331中接受初次清洗,此时滤水板51带动联动块348和推拉杆349整体向上移动,推拉杆349通过第二拉绳350对转换滑块344施加拉力,使得转换滑块344向靠近加工筒1的一侧移动,以此对第一出水管339和第二出水管340的位置进行转换,使得第二出水管340和水泵336的输出端相连通;然后水泵336将水经过第二出水管340排出并对谷物进行初次清洗。
随后传动气缸401带动滤水板51向下移动,滤水板51带动联动块348和推拉杆349向下移动复位,此时转换滑块344在推挤弹簧347的作用下复位并控制第一出水管339与水泵336的输出端相连通;由于此时谷物在滤水板51上端,因此水泵336将水经过第一出水管339排出并对谷物进行二次冲洗处理;综上,通过滤水板51上下移动即可控制转换滑块344进行相应的移动,使得转换滑块344将第一出水管339、第二出水管340与水泵336输出端的连通状态进行转换,进而能够将水根据谷物的清洗步骤排出,操作简单,且无需另设驱动。
参照图12所示,第一出水管339和第二出水管340转换时,需要转换滑块344在空心固定块343内部滑动,因此可能存在转换滑块344上的出水孔345无法与水泵336输出端精准对接的情况;为了避免该问题的发生,本实施例中,转换组件338还包括设置在支撑筒346内侧壁的环形承托板351,空心固定块343下端开设有容纳孔,环形承托板351上端通过顶伸弹簧352设置有滑动连接在容纳孔内的半球顶块353,半球顶块353上端开设有蓄水槽,蓄水槽下端均匀开设有多个环形分布的连接孔354。
在具体实施过程中,转换滑块344滑动过程中对半球顶块353施加挤压力,使得半球顶块353收缩在容纳孔内,当转换滑块344上的任意一个出水孔345位于半球顶块353上方时,半球顶块353在顶伸弹簧352的作用下向上弹出并抵靠在出水孔345下端,以此对转换滑块344进行定位,使得出水孔345与支撑筒346精准对接,进而确保第一出水管339或第二出水管340和水泵336出水端精准对接,且通过蓄水槽和连接孔354不会影响水泵336正常排水。
实施例
参照图7、图8、图13和图14所示,在实施例二的基础上,为了避免泡水后的谷物出现腐坏或出芽,需要及时对其进行烘干处理;具体的,搅动烘干机构59包括空心环形架591,环形板31下端转动连接有空心环形架591,空心环形架591外侧壁均匀设置有多个环形分布并与第二齿轮364相啮合的轮齿,空心环形架591内侧壁均匀设置有多个环形分布的空心支撑杆592,空心支撑杆592下端通过伸缩筒设置有空心矩形板593,空心环形架591、空心支撑杆592和空心矩形板593之间相连通,空心环形架591下端均匀设置有多个环形分布的气泵594,气泵594的输出端延伸至空心环形架591内部,且空心环形架591和空心支撑杆592之间设置有环形加热网595,空心矩形板593上下两侧均贯穿开设有多个排气孔596,且空心矩形板593上下两侧壁均设置有多个与排气孔596交错排布的定位杆597。
进一步的,于本实施例中,在空心矩形板593长度方向的两侧壁均通过联动杆安装有连接板598,两个连接板598的相对侧沿空心矩形板593对称设置有两个支撑轴362,支撑轴362外壁通过第二扭簧转动套设有拨料板599,通过第二扭簧的设置,使得拨料板599在不受其他外力的作用下始终保持竖直状态。
在具体实施过程中,谷物二次冲洗之后,定位电机361通过支撑轴362带动第二齿轮364转动,第二齿轮364通过轮齿带动空心环形架591进行转动,空心环形架591带动空心支撑杆592、空心矩形板593和拨料板599整体转动,从而对滤水板51上端的谷物进行搅拌拨动,以确保谷物中的水快速经过扇形板52之间的缝隙流出,拨料板599与谷物发生接触时会发生自适应倾斜。
与此同时,启动气泵594和环形加热网595,气泵594向空心环形架591内充气,空心环形架591内部的空气穿过环形加热网595后形成热气流,随后热气流依次进入空心支撑杆592、伸缩筒和空心矩形板593内部并对其以及定位杆597进行加热,通过加热后的空心支撑杆592、空心矩形板593和定位杆597与谷物相接触时可以加快谷物表面水分的蒸发;此外,空心矩形板593内部的热气流可以经过排气孔596喷出,从而增大谷物的受热面积,进而提高对谷物的烘干效率。
谷物烘干完成之后,打开第一开合板57,此时拨料板599继续对谷物进行搅拌,从而将谷物拨动至第一通孔处,以便于将谷物取出。
工作时:第一步:首先向加工筒1内部注入一定量的水,水存留在加工筒1的内底部,随后将谷物倒入进料斗331中并堆积在隔挡网335上端;与此同时,启动水泵336,水泵336将加工筒1内部的水抽出并经过第二出水管340排出至储水腔332中,喷雾头334将储水腔332中的水抽出并喷出水雾并形成水幕,以便于将谷物打湿,防止谷物倒入进料斗331时产生扬尘。
当进料斗331中的水淹没谷物之后,谷壳向上漂浮至水面上,谷物向下沉淀并穿过隔挡网335,而谷壳留滞在隔挡网335上端,随后将隔挡网335拆下即可将谷壳去除,以此实现对谷物的初次清洗。
第二步:启动传动气缸401,传动气缸401带动滤水板51向下移动,滤水板51带动顶推杆和封闭块同步移动,以解除对投料口11的封闭效果,使得进料斗331内部的谷物和水整体经过投料口11掉落至加工筒1内;与此同时,通过锥形板32可以将谷物引导至环形板31上方,然后启动定位电机361,定位电机361通过支撑轴362带动第一齿轮363和第二齿轮364转动,第一齿轮363通过环形齿圈36带动搅拌齿状板37转动,通过搅拌齿状板37和定位块38之间的相互配合可以对谷物进行搅拌清洗处理,进而能够有效的去除掺杂在谷物中的灰尘。
第三步:谷物清洗完成之后,传动气缸401带动滤水板51向上移动,滤水板51带动环形支撑板402、承托块403和支撑柱404整体向上移动,通过支撑柱404和配合滑块407之间的相配合,使得配合滑块407和支撑柱404整体向靠近传动气缸401的一侧移动,配合滑块407通过第一拉绳408对挡板392施加拉力,使得挡板392上的贯穿孔394和下料口393相重合,以便于谷物和水经过下料口393排出。
在此期间,环形齿圈36带动搅拌齿状板37持续转动,以便于搅拌齿状板37将环形板31上端的谷物清扫至下料口393处,以此确保环形板31上端的谷物完全经过下料口393落下,从而实现谷物的自动下料。
第四步:传动气缸401带动滤水板51向下移动至最低位置时,滤水板51上的扇形板52与顶杆54发生抵触,通过顶杆54可以将扇形板52向上顶起,使得相邻两个扇形板52之间出现缝隙,滤水板51上端的水以及部分灰尘会经过缝隙向下流出并落在过滤网孔板55上,使得滤水板51上端仅留有谷物,从而实现谷物和水之间的快速分离;随后通过除尘垫56对流下的水进行过滤,过滤后干净的水穿过除尘垫56后落在加工筒1底部。
然后水泵336将加工筒1底部的水抽出并排出至第二出水管340中,第二出水管340将水引导至环形腔道341内部,随后环形腔道341中的水经过出液孔342向滤水板51上端喷出,以便于对谷物进行二次冲洗,从而将谷物表面残留的灰尘完全清除,且清洗后的水和灰尘再次经过扇形板52之间的缝隙排出。
第五步:第二齿轮364通过轮齿带动空心环形架591进行转动,空心环形架591带动空心支撑杆592、空心矩形板593和拨料板599整体转动,从而对滤水板51上端的谷物进行搅拌拨动,以确保谷物中的水快速经过扇形板52之间的缝隙流出,拨料板599与谷物发生接触时会发生自适应倾斜。
与此同时,启动气泵594和环形加热网595,气泵594向空心环形架591内充气,空心环形架591内部的空气穿过环形加热网595后形成热气流,随后热气流进入空心支撑杆592和空心矩形板593内部并对其以及定位杆597进行加热,通过加热后的空心支撑杆592、空心矩形板593和定位杆597与谷物相接触时可以加快谷物表面水分的蒸发;此外,空心矩形板593内部的热气流可以经过排气孔596喷出,从而增大谷物的受热面积,进而提高对谷物的烘干效率。
通过上述步骤,可以对谷物进行初步清洗、搅拌清洗、谷物与水快速分离、二次冲洗以及对谷物的快速烘干,从而能够增强对谷物的除尘效果,清洗后的谷物为烘干后的干燥状态,无需担心谷物的腐坏和发芽等情况。
第六步:谷物烘干完成之后,打开第一开合板57,再旋转任意一个双向螺杆27,双向螺杆27转动的过程中带动两个辅助板24进行背离移动,支撑块25带动辅助板24沿收纳滑槽23移动;使得两个辅助板24之间的高度逐渐产生落差并使得加工筒1向开设有第一通孔的一侧倾斜,从而滤水板51上端的谷物均汇聚在第一通孔处;此时拨料板599继续对谷物进行搅拌,从而将谷物拨动至第一通孔处,以便于将谷物取出。
然后打开第二开合板58可以将除尘垫56从第二通孔处取出并更换,关闭第一开合板57,并反向转动双向螺杆27,双向螺杆27通过支撑块25带动辅助板24移动复位,使得加工筒1恢复至竖直状态。
重复上述步骤可以形成对谷物进行清洗、烘干以及取出的循环,从而可以提高工作效率。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。 
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,包括加工筒(1),加工筒(1)上端开设有投料口(11),其特征在于:所述加工筒(1)下端安装有支撑出料单元(2),支撑出料单元(2)包括位于加工筒(1)下方的支撑台(21),加工筒(1)内部从上到下依次设置有清洗单元(3)和过滤单元(5),过滤单元(5)包括安装在加工筒(1)内壁中部的滤水板(51),其中:
    所述清洗单元(3)包括环形板(31),加工筒(1)内侧壁上方安装有环形板(31),环形板(31)内侧壁设置有锥形板(32),加工筒(1)上安装有执行机构(33),执行机构(33)包括设置在加工筒(1)上端中部的进料斗(331),加工筒(1)内侧壁转动连接有环形齿圈(36),环形齿圈(36)内侧壁均匀设置有多个环形分布的搅拌齿状板(37),环形板(31)上端安装有多个与搅拌齿状板(37)交错排布的定位块(38);
    环形板(31)和锥形板(32)之间设置有下料机构(39),下料机构(39)包括多个周向均匀开设于环形板(31)上端的限位滑槽(391),限位滑槽(391)内部滑动连接有挡板(392)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,其特征在于:所述加工筒(1)外侧壁通过电机座安装有定位电机(361),定位电机(361)的输出轴安装有支撑轴(362),支撑轴(362)外壁上下对称套设有第一齿轮(363)和第二齿轮(364),第一齿轮(363)与环形齿圈(36)相啮合。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,其特征在于:所述下料机构(39)还包括下料口(393),限位滑槽(391)上端沿宽度方向等间距开设有多个下料口(393),挡板(392)上开设有贯穿孔(394),贯穿孔(394)的宽度大于下料口(393)的直径,挡板(392)远离锥形板(32)的一侧穿过加工筒(1)后设置有联动板(395),挡板(392)外壁滑动套设有与加工筒(1)相连接的密封套(396),联动板(395)和密封套(396)之间设置有多个收缩弹簧(397)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,其特征在于:所述下料机构(39)还包括传动气缸(401),锥形板(32)下端中部安装有传动气缸(401),传动气缸(401)的伸缩端设置有滤水板(51),滤水板(51)上端沿传动气缸(401)对称设置有两个顶推杆,两个顶推杆上端穿过锥形板(32)后共同设置有与投料口(11)相配合的封闭块,滤水板(51)上端安装有环形支撑板(402),环形支撑板(402)上端均匀设置有多个环形分布的承托块(403),承托块(403)上端沿长度方向开设有导向滑槽,导向滑槽内滑动连接有支撑柱(404),支撑柱(404)和导向滑槽靠近传动气缸(401)的一侧壁之间设置有支撑弹簧(405);
    锥形板(32)下端的倾斜面均匀安装有多个与承托块(403)位置相对应的安装块(406),安装块(406)下端开设有滑移槽,滑移槽内滑动连接有配合滑块(407),配合滑块(407)下端开设有与支撑柱(404)上端相配合的凹槽,配合滑块(407)远离传动气缸(401)的一侧设置有第一拉绳(408),第一拉绳(408)远离配合滑块(407)的一端穿过锥形板(32)后与挡板(392)相连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,其特征在于:所述执行机构(33)还包括储水腔(332),进料斗(331)内部开设有储水腔(332),储水腔(332)上端沿进料斗(331)长度方向对称开设有两个与其相连通的连通孔(333),进料斗(331)长度方向的两侧壁均安装有多个等间距排布且与连通孔(333)相连通的喷雾头(334),进料斗(331)内侧壁可拆卸的设置有隔挡网(335);
    加工筒(1)外侧壁下方通过支撑架对称设置有两个水泵(336),水泵(336)的输入端安装有延伸至加工筒(1)内部下侧的进水管(337),水泵(336)的输出端通过转换组件(338)设置有第一出水管(339)和第二出水管(340),第一出水管(339)远离水泵(336)的一端与储水腔(332)相连通,加工筒(1)内部且位于环形板(31)下方开设有环形腔道(341),环形腔道(341)靠近加工筒(1)内部的一侧均匀开设有多个环形分布的出液孔(342),第二出水管(340)远离水泵(336)的一端与环形腔道(341)相连通。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,其特征在于:所述转换组件(338)包括空心固定块(343),加工筒(1)外壁设置有两个位于水泵(336)上方的空心固定块(343),空心固定块(343)内部滑动连接有转换滑块(344),转换滑块(344)上沿长度方向对称开设有两个分别与第一出水管(339)和第二出水管(340)相连通的出水孔(345),转换滑块(344)下端设置有与水泵(336)输出端相连通的支撑筒(346),转换滑块(344)和空心固定块(343)靠近加工筒(1)的一侧之间对称安装有两个推挤弹簧(347);
    加工筒(1)内侧壁对称设置有两个与水泵(336)位置相对应的让位槽,滤水板(51)外侧壁安装有两个滑动连接在让位槽内的联动块(348),滤水板(51)的上下两侧壁均设置有与让位槽内壁相连接的密封伸缩板,让位槽下端开设有延伸孔,联动块(348)下端设置有滑动连接在延伸孔内部的推拉杆(349),推拉杆(349)和转换滑块(344)之间设置有第二拉绳(350)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,其特征在于:所述转换组件(338)还包括设置在支撑筒(346)内侧壁的环形承托板(351),空心固定块(343)下端开设有容纳孔,环形承托板(351)上端通过顶伸弹簧(352)设置有滑动连接在容纳孔内的半球顶块(353),半球顶块(353)上端开设有蓄水槽,蓄水槽下端均匀开设有多个环形分布的连接孔(354)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,其特征在于:所述过滤单元(5)还包括扇形板(52),滤水板(51)上开设有多个环形分布的排水孔,排水孔上端通过第一扭簧铰接有多个环形分布的扇形板(52),多个扇形板(52)在第一扭簧的扭转力作用下形成完整的圆形板,加工筒(1)内侧壁且位于滤水板(51)下方设置有固定架(53),固定架(53)上端安装有与排水孔位置相对应的顶杆(54),顶杆(54)的直径小于排水孔的直径,加工筒(1)外壁任意一侧且位于滤水板(51)上方开设有第一通孔,第一通孔内壁铰接有第一开合板(57);
    加工筒(1)内侧壁且位于固定架(53)下方安装有两个上下排布的过滤网孔板(55),两个过滤网孔板(55)之间可拆卸的设置有除尘垫(56),加工筒(1)外壁位于第一开合板(57)下方且位于过滤网孔板(55)上方开设有第二通孔,第二通孔内壁铰接有第二开合板(58),加工筒(1)内侧壁设置有搅动烘干机构(59)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,其特征在于:所述搅动烘干机构(59)包括空心环形架(591),环形板(31)下端转动连接有空心环形架(591),空心环形架(591)外侧壁均匀设置有多个环形分布并与第二齿轮(364)相啮合的轮齿,空心环形架(591)内侧壁均匀设置有多个环形分布的空心支撑杆(592),空心支撑杆(592)下端通过伸缩筒设置有空心矩形板(593),空心环形架(591)、空心支撑杆(592)和空心矩形板(593)之间相连通,空心环形架(591)下端均匀设置有多个环形分布的气泵(594),气泵(594)的输出端延伸至空心环形架(591)内部,且空心环形架(591)和空心支撑杆(592)之间设置有环形加热网(595),空心矩形板(593)上下两侧均贯穿开设有多个排气孔(596),且空心矩形板(593)上下两侧壁均设置有多个与排气孔(596)交错排布的定位杆(597);
    空心矩形板(593)长度方向的两侧壁均通过联动杆安装有连接板(598),两个连接板(598)的相对侧沿空心矩形板(593)对称设置有两个支撑轴(362),支撑轴(362)外壁通过第二扭簧转动套设有拨料板(599)。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种粮食加工用谷物除尘装置,其特征在于:所述支撑出料单元(2)还包括承接板(22),加工筒(1)下端中部铰接有承接板(22),承接板(22)设置在支撑台(21)上端,支撑台(21)上端沿承接板(22)对称开设有两个收纳滑槽(23),两个收纳滑槽(23)内底壁均从支撑台(21)一侧至另一侧逐渐向下倾斜,加工筒(1)下端沿承接板(22)对称滑动连接有两个分别滑动连接在收纳滑槽(23)内的辅助板(24);
    辅助板(24)上沿长度方向对称开设有两个安装孔,安装孔内部滑动连接有支撑块(25),支撑台(21)上端沿承接板(22)对称设置有两个定位板(26),两个定位板(26)之间对称转动连接有两个穿过支撑块(25)的双向螺杆(27),两个双向螺杆(27)之间通过带传动相连接,且支撑块(25)通过螺纹连接的方式和双向螺杆(27)相配合。
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