WO2024040988A1 - 一种光伏电池串制造设备 - Google Patents
一种光伏电池串制造设备 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024040988A1 WO2024040988A1 PCT/CN2023/087901 CN2023087901W WO2024040988A1 WO 2024040988 A1 WO2024040988 A1 WO 2024040988A1 CN 2023087901 W CN2023087901 W CN 2023087901W WO 2024040988 A1 WO2024040988 A1 WO 2024040988A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- manufacturing equipment
- string
- fixture
- photovoltaic cell
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 219
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
- H01L31/188—Apparatus specially adapted for automatic interconnection of solar cells in a module
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic equipment manufacturing, and more specifically, to a solar photovoltaic high-speed adhesive coating battery string manufacturing equipment.
- the existing technology includes solar photovoltaic string welding machine equipment.
- the cell main grid and the metal wire are welded through silver paste, and the connection between the metal wire and the cell main grid is The alignment requirements between the positions are high, the main grid connection of the metal wire cells has a small welding contact area, and the welding performance is average.
- silver paste welding also has a great impact on light transmission performance;
- the existing traditional string welding technology has high requirements for welding accuracy and high cost of silver paste.
- the busbarless welding technology requires the use of a composite film, which causes serious optical occlusion and the high cost of the composite film, which is not conducive to With the promotion and advancement of technology, welding between battery sheets can easily lead to problems such as reduced light transmittance, reduced conductivity, and insufficient welding strength.
- the present invention provides a battery string manufacturing equipment; by designing the structure of the welding ribbon for connecting battery sheets in series and connection equipment, thereby effectively solving problems such as reduced light transmittance and reduced conductivity of cells.
- the technical solution provided by the present invention is a photovoltaic cell string manufacturing equipment, including a loading mechanism, including a box conveying track, a box lifting mechanism, a cell sheet loading mechanism, a cell sheet conveying track, and a cell sheet on-line mechanism. ; Welding ribbon feeding mechanism, including unwinding mechanism, cutting mechanism, and traction mechanism; and, jig upper and lower line mechanism, including jig upper and lower line mechanisms; welding mechanism, used to connect the welding ribbon and battery The sheets are welded to form a battery string; the coating and curing mechanism includes a front coating and curing mechanism, a battery string flipping mechanism, and a back coating and curing mechanism; the battery string conveying mechanism includes a belt conveying structure.
- the box conveying track is driven by a belt, and a battery sheet box is placed on it. Several battery sheets are stacked in the battery sheet box. One end of the box conveying track is connected to The material box lifting mechanism is connected.
- the material box lifting mechanism is provided with a lifting platform, and the lifting platform is provided with a transmission belt.
- the transmission belt is aligned with the material box conveying track, and the battery chip material box is moved from the material box Transport the track movement to the lifting platform.
- the output end of the battery chip loading mechanism is connected to a grabbing plate, and suction nozzles are installed at both ends of the grabbing plate.
- the grabbing plate is located above the lifting platform and is always connected to the lifting platform.
- the lifting platform is parallel, the suction nozzle grabs the battery sheets and places them on one end of the battery sheet conveying track, and a CCD positioning platform is provided at the other end of the battery sheet conveying track.
- the manufacturing equipment also includes a manipulator.
- the manipulator is installed at the location of the CCD positioning platform.
- the battery piece on-line mechanism is a manipulator suction cup module on the machine.
- the manipulator suction cup module is used to grab and place the battery. piece.
- the manufacturing equipment also includes a manipulator.
- the manipulator is installed at the CCD positioning platform.
- the fixture on-line mechanism includes a manipulator magnetic module on the manipulator.
- the manipulator magnet module (105b) is When grabbing and placing the main fixture, the fixture off-line mechanism includes the main fixture off-line mechanism.
- the fixture upper line mechanism further includes an auxiliary fixture upper line mechanism
- the fixture lower line mechanism further includes an auxiliary fixture lower line mechanism
- the fixture upper and lower line mechanism also includes a fixture positioning mechanism and a fixture return track.
- the auxiliary fixture offline mechanism and the main fixture offline mechanism connect the auxiliary fixture and the main fixture After grabbing, place it on the fixture return track for reflow.
- the welding ribbon loading mechanism also includes a flux container, the unwinding mechanism is provided with a welding ribbon, the welding ribbon is a composite metal wire, and the flux container is located on the unwinding mechanism.
- the traction mechanism pulls the welding strip through the flux container and the cutting mechanism successively. The surface of the welding strip is coated with flux through the flux container, and then is cut into multiple strands by the cutting mechanism. bring.
- the welding mechanism includes a first heating module and a second heating module.
- the first heating module heats the bottom of the battery string, and the second heating module heats the upper surface of the battery string. heating.
- the heating method adopts infrared heating.
- the front coating and curing mechanism and the back coating and curing mechanism both include a coating mechanism and a curing mechanism.
- the battery string flipping mechanism also includes a heating device, which heats the battery string during transportation.
- the coating and curing mechanism includes two sets of matching battery string flipping mechanisms and a back coating and curing mechanism.
- the battery string flipping mechanism is arranged adjacent to the battery string conveying mechanism.
- the battery string flipping mechanism places the coated and cured battery strings on the conveyor belt of the battery string conveying mechanism, and then places the manufactured battery strings on it.
- the battery string is transferred to the next station to complete the battery string manufacturing process.
- the battery string produced by the photovoltaic cell string equipment of the present invention consists of at least one tail cell sheet, a first cell sheet and at least one middle cell sheet.
- the main back sides of the battery cells and the welding strips are welded together to form a battery string.
- the two materials of multi-strand metal wires and battery sheets cut into the length required for the process are placed in sequence, so that the front and back of the connected batteries are pre-welded into battery strings by multi-strand welding ribbons; and in Adhesive application and adhesive curing are performed in the subsequent work process to completely eliminate the risk of poor overlap.
- This method reduces the alignment requirements between the welding ribbon and the fine grid of the cell sheet, which is beneficial to simplifying the manufacturing process of the battery string.
- the composite film and the PAD points on the front and back of the cell are eliminated, which not only reduces the occlusion of the surface of the photovoltaic cell, but also reduces the use of silver paste, greatly reducing the cost, and by coating the adhesive on both sides and curing and improving the The bonding force between the solder ribbon and the battery piece.
- the battery string flipping mechanism also includes a heating device, which maintains the temperature during the transportation of the battery string, so that the thermal stress of the welding strip can be slowly released, and a certain temperature is guaranteed to ensure that the temperature difference between the welding process and the flipping station will not be too large, ensuring Larger stress is released after coating, thereby improving the stability of battery string performance.
- the photovoltaic cell string manufacturing equipment includes two sets of battery string flipping mechanisms and a back coating and curing mechanism, which can achieve the effect of quickly coating and curing adhesive points on the back of the battery string, thereby increasing production capacity.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of photovoltaic cell string manufacturing equipment.
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the material box conveying track.
- Figure 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the material box lifting mechanism.
- Figure 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the battery chip loading mechanism.
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cell sheet conveying track.
- Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the manipulator.
- Figure 7 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixture return track.
- Figure 8 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the main fixture off-line mechanism.
- Figure 9 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the traction mechanism.
- Figure 10 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the cutting mechanism.
- Fixture upper and lower line mechanism 301. Fixture positioning mechanism; 302. Fixture return track; 303. Main fixture lower line mechanism; 304. Auxiliary fixture upper and lower line mechanism; 305. Auxiliary fixture lower line mechanism;
- Coating and curing mechanism 501. Front coating and curing mechanism; 502. Battery string flipping mechanism; 503. Back coating and curing mechanism;
- the first embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic cell string manufacturing equipment.
- a feeding mechanism 100 which is installed on one side of the frame and includes a material box conveying runway 101, a material The box lifting mechanism 102, the battery sheet loading mechanism 103, the battery sheet conveying track 104, and the robot suction cup module 105a, among which the robot suction cup module 105a can grab and place the battery sheets;
- the welding tape feeding mechanism 200 includes an unwinding mechanism 201, a cutting mechanism 204, and a pulling mechanism 203; and,
- the fixture up-and-down line mechanism 300 includes a fixture up-line mechanism, a fixture down-line mechanism, a fixture positioning mechanism 301 and a fixture return runway 302;
- the welding mechanism 400 includes a first heating module and a second heating module, the first heating module heats the bottom of the battery string, and the second heating module heats the upper surface of the battery string;
- the coating and curing mechanism 500 includes a front coating and curing mechanism 501, a battery string flipping mechanism 502 and a back coating and curing mechanism 503;
- the battery string conveying mechanism 600 includes a belt conveying structure.
- the loading mechanism 100 is parallel to the welding mechanism 400, and the robot 105 is located in the middle of the entire frame to facilitate the robot suction cup module 105a and the robot magnetic module 105b to grab and place the battery chips and the main fixture.
- the box conveying track 101 of the loading mechanism 100 is driven by a belt, and a battery sheet box 101a is placed on it.
- Several battery sheets are stacked in the battery sheet box 101a, and the box conveying track is One end of 101 is connected to the material box lifting mechanism 102.
- the material box lifting mechanism 102 is provided with a lifting platform 102a.
- the lifting platform 102a is provided with a transmission belt.
- the transmission belt is aligned with the material box conveying track 101.
- the battery sheet box The material is transported from the box conveying runway 101 to the lifting platform 102a.
- the output end of the battery chip loading mechanism 103 is connected to a grabbing plate 103a.
- Suction nozzles 103a-1 are installed at both ends of the grabbing plate 103a.
- the grabbing plate 103a is located above the lifting platform 102a and is always parallel to the lifting platform 102a.
- the suction nozzle 103a-1 grabs the battery sheets in the battery sheet box 101a and places the battery sheets on one end of the battery sheet conveying track 104.
- the other end of the battery sheet conveying track 104 is provided with a CCD positioning platform 104a, and the manipulator 105 is installed on the CCD positioning platform. Where the platform is located.
- the battery sheets are stacked and placed in prefabricated boxes at the same time for loading and transportation.
- the battery sheets are placed on the conveyor belt respectively through lifting, slicing, and grabbing of the box.
- the battery sheets are detected by CCD and placed on the positioning platform. TBD.
- the battery box lifting mechanism 102 descends to transport the battery cell box 101a to the box return track located below the box conveyor track 101. Reflux.
- the battery chip loading mechanism is a robot suction cup module 105a on the machine 105. The robot suction cup module 105a is used to grab the battery chips and place them on the battery string processing platform station.
- the solder tape loading mechanism 200 includes an unwinding mechanism 201, a flux container 202, a cutting mechanism 204, and a pulling mechanism 203.
- the unwinding mechanism 201 is provided with a welding ribbon.
- the welding ribbon is a composite metal wire.
- the flux container 202 is located at one end of the unwinding mechanism.
- the pulling mechanism 203 pulls the welding ribbon through the flux container 202 and the cutting mechanism 204.
- the welding ribbon The surface is coated with micron-thick flux through the flux container 202 , and then is cut into multiple strands of soldering strips with flux through the cutting mechanism 204 .
- the multi-strand welding ribbon When working, the multi-strand welding ribbon is cut into the first and last multi-strand welding ribbons and the middle multi-strand welding ribbon of the length required by the process through the unwinding mechanism 201, the flux container, the cutting mechanism 204 and the pulling mechanism 203. And placed on the battery string processing platform station. Among them, the length of the first and last multi-strand welding ribbons exceeds the battery sheet by a certain distance to facilitate the external electrical connection of the battery string.
- the middle multi-strand welding ribbon is cut into equal lengths between any adjacent battery sheets on the middle multi-strand welding ribbon line through a cutting mechanism, and the middle multi-strand welding ribbon cuts the adjacent battery sheets Make electrical connections.
- the jig up-and-down line mechanism includes a jig up-line mechanism, a jig down-line mechanism, a jig positioning mechanism 301 and a jig return runway 302.
- the jig on-line mechanism includes a robot magnetic module 105a on the robot hand 105.
- the robot magnet module 105b serves as a main jig on-line mechanism for grabbing and placing the main jig.
- the jig off-line mechanism includes a main jig off-line mechanism. Establishment 303. When working, the manipulator magnetic module 105b grabs the main jig and cooperates with the ribbon feeding mechanism to complete the placement of the solder ribbon, battery cells and main jig.
- the fixture positioning mechanism 301 is located at one end of the fixture return runway 302, and the main fixture off-line mechanism 303 is located at the other end of the fixture return runway 302.
- the fixture positioning mechanism 301 is connected to the CCD positioning platform 104a
- the fixture upper line mechanism may also include an auxiliary fixture upper line mechanism 304
- the fixture lower line mechanism may further include an auxiliary fixture lower line mechanism 305 .
- the auxiliary jig on-line mechanism 304 grabs the auxiliary jig and places it on the battery sheet to ensure close fit between the welding ribbon and the battery sheet during the welding and coating process.
- the multi-strand welding ribbons cut into the length required for the process are placed on the battery string processing platform station through the traction mechanism, and the battery sheets are grabbed and placed through the robot suction cup module 105a, and the cutting is repeated.
- the steps of cutting and placing welding strips and placing battery sheets are stacked on the battery string processing platform station to form battery strings.
- the welding strip cut into the required length is first moved to the work station through the traction mechanism, the battery piece is grabbed and placed on the welding strip through the robot suction cup module 105a, and moved to the next work station, passing through the unwinding mechanism 201.
- the flux container 202, the cutting mechanism 204 and the traction mechanism 203 are cut to form an intermediate multi-strand solder ribbon, which is placed on the upper surface of the battery chip through the traction mechanism.
- the intermediate multi-strand solder ribbon includes a front end part and a rear end part, so The front end of the welding ribbon is located on the upper surface of the battery.
- the robot suction cup module 105a grabs the battery piece and places it on the rear part of the multi-strand welding ribbon, so that the rear end part of the welding ribbon is in close contact with the back of the battery piece.
- the robot magnetic module 105b The main grasping jig is placed on the surface of the battery piece on which the front end portion of the soldering strip has been laminated, so that the front end portion of the soldering strip located on the surface of the battery piece is in close contact with the battery piece.
- the battery string conveyor belt moves to the next station, and the auxiliary jig on-line mechanism grabs the auxiliary jig and places it on both sides of the main jig of the battery chip, so that the upper and lower multi-strand welding ribbons on the battery chip are closely attached to the battery chip, and the battery string is conveyed
- the belt moves to the welding station.
- the battery string welding platform includes a welding mechanism 400.
- the welding mechanism 400 includes a first heating module and a second heating module.
- the first heating module heats the bottom of the battery string
- the second heating module The module heats the upper surface of the battery string.
- the heating module can be heated by infrared tubes, so that the upper and lower multiple strands of welding ribbons are welded to the front and back of the battery cells to form a battery string. It can use thermocouples, pyrometers, etc. to feedback the temperatures of all heating elements, and display the trend of measurement data on the HMI to ensure the stability of the welding temperature. It can also be welded by other methods, such as microwave heating or laser heating.
- the coating and curing mechanism 500 performs a coating and curing process to apply adhesion points at designated positions of the battery string.
- the designated position can be on the fine grid line, or between the two sides of the fine grid line.
- the cured adhesive point can achieve the purpose of binding the soldering strip, and the adhesive is applied at the designated position.
- a camera for auxiliary positioning to ensure that the location of the adhesion point can form a good connection with the soldering strip.
- the coating and curing mechanism 500 includes a front coating and curing mechanism 501, a battery string flipping mechanism 502, and a back coating and curing mechanism 503. During the coating process on the front side of the battery string, the welding strips and battery sheets have been welded after the welding process, so the main and auxiliary jigs can be removed and the coating operation can be performed.
- coating can also be carried out with a jig.
- the main jig and the auxiliary jig When applying with a jig, it can be ensured that one of the main jig and the auxiliary jig is in contact with the battery piece for coating, or at least one of the main jig and the auxiliary jig can be hollowed out so that Apply with a jig at the hollow position of the jig, or a combination of the above two methods, to ensure that at least one jig is in contact with the battery piece during the coating process.
- the battery string After the front coating and curing operation is completed on the front of the entire battery string, the battery string is turned over through the battery string flipping mechanism 502. The flipped battery string is located below the back coating and curing mechanism 503. The back coating and curing mechanism 503 is opposite to the back of the battery string. Apply adhesive points and cure.
- the battery string flipping mechanism 503 also includes a heating device, which can maintain the battery string within a certain temperature range during transportation, so that the metal thermal stress can be slowly released and a certain temperature can be maintained.
- the temperature range is 40-140°C. It can ensure that the temperature difference between the welding process and the turning station will not be too large, ensuring that larger stresses are released after the adhesion points are solidified. It should be noted that after welding, the welding strip and the fine grid form a stable connection, and the bonding force is greater than the bonding force between the fine grid and the cell sheet.
- the coating and curing mechanism 500 includes two sets of battery string flipping mechanisms 502 and back coating and curing mechanisms 503.
- the battery string flipping mechanism 502 and the back coating and curing mechanism 503 are provided on the battery string.
- Both sides of the transport mechanism 600 may also be located on one side of the battery string transport mechanism 600 .
- the above-mentioned embodiment can achieve the effect of quickly applying and solidifying adhesion points on the back of the battery string, thereby improving production capacity.
- the battery string flipping mechanism 503 is arranged adjacent to the battery string conveying mechanism 600. After the adhesive points on the back of the battery string undergo a curing process, the battery string is placed on the conveyor belt of the battery string conveying mechanism 600 through the battery string flipping mechanism 503, and the finished product is The battery string is transferred to the next station to complete the battery string manufacturing process.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种光伏电池串制造设备，该制造设备包括上料机构、焊带上料机构、治具上下线机构、焊接机构、涂敷固化机构，以及电池串输送机构。通过牵引机构、机械手将裁切成工艺所需的长度的多股焊带与电池片二种材料依次按顺序摆放，使得相邻电池正背面依次靠多股焊带预焊成电池串；并在后续工作流程中进行电池串正背面涂敷粘附点，及固化彻底消除搭接不良风险，取消了复合膜和电池片正背面PAD点，其减少光伏电池片表面遮挡的同时，减少了银浆料的使用，极大的降低了成本。
Description
本发明涉及太阳能光伏设备制造技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种太阳能光伏高速涂敷粘合剂电池串制造设备。
国内外太阳能光伏设备制造领域内，现有技术中有太阳能光伏串焊机设备，在电池串的制造过程中电池片主栅与金属线通过银浆料焊接，且金属线与电池片主栅之间位置的对齐度要求较高，金属线电池片的主栅连接焊接接触面积小、焊接性能一般。此外，银浆料焊接对透光性能也有较大影响；
另有无主栅焊接技术，依靠透明复合薄膜与金属线制成单个电池串单元后，与电池品进行连接，并在光伏组件后续制作过程中，通过层压将金属线表面低熔点合金与栅线完成连接，此技术单个电池串单元的现有技术制造成本较高，内部复合膜的耐温性和透光较差，多股金属线与银浆接触不稳定，降低了导电性能。
现有传统串焊技术对焊接精度要求较高，银浆料成本较高的问题，以及无主栅焊接技术中需要使用复合膜造成较为严重的光学遮挡且复合膜成本较高的缺陷，不利于技术推广和进步，电池片之间的焊接容易导致透光率下降、导电性降低和焊接强度不够等问题，本发明提供一种电池串制造设备；通过设计用于串联电池片的焊带的结构及连接方式的设备，从而有效解决电池片透光率下降、导电性降低等问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供的技术方案为一种光伏电池串制造设备，包括上料机构，包括料盒输送跑道、料盒升降机构、电池片上料机构、电池片输送跑道、电池片上线机构；焊带上料机构，包括放卷机构、裁切机构，以及牵引机构；以及，治具上下线机构，包括治具上线机构和治具下线机构；焊接机构，用于将焊带和电池片焊接形成电池串；涂敷固化机构，包括正面涂敷固化机构，电池串翻转机构，背面涂敷固化机构；电池串输送机构，包括皮带输送结构。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述料盒输送跑道采用皮带传动，其上放置有电池片料盒，所述电池片料盒内层叠放置有若干电池片，所述料盒输送跑道的一端与所述料盒升降机构相连。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述料盒升降机构上设有升降平台，所述升降平台上设有传动皮带，所述传动皮带与所述料盒输送跑道对齐，电池片料盒由料盒输送跑道运动至升降平台上。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述电池片上料机构输出端连接有抓取板，所述抓取板的两端安装有吸嘴，所述抓取板位于所述升降平台上方且始终与所述升降平台平行，所述吸嘴抓取电池片放置在电池片输送跑道的一端，所述电池片输送跑道另一端设有CCD定位平台。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述制造设备还包括机械手，所述机械手安装在CCD定位平台所在处，所述电池片上线机构为机械上的机械手吸盘模块，机械手吸盘模块用于抓取放置电池片。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述制造设备还包括机械手，所述机械手安装在CCD定位平台所在处，所述治具上线机构包括机械手上的机械手磁性模块，所述机械手磁铁模块（105b）用于抓取放置主治具，所述治具下线机构包括主治具下线机构。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述治具上线机构还包括副治具上线机构，所述治具下线机构还包括副治具下线机构。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述治具上下线机构还包括治具定位机构和治具回流跑道，所述副治具下线机构和所述主治具下线机构将副治具和主治具抓取后放置在治具回流跑道上回流。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述焊带上料机构还包括助焊剂容池，所述放卷机构上设有焊带，所述焊带为复合金属线，所述助焊剂容池位于放卷机构的一端，所述牵引机构拉取焊带先后经过助焊剂容池和裁切机构，所述焊带表面经过助焊剂容池涂覆助焊剂，再经过裁切机构被裁切成多股焊带。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述焊接机构包括第一加热模块和第二加热模块，所述第一加热模块对电池串的底部进行加热，所述第二加热模块对电池串的上表面进行加热。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述加热方式采用红外加热。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述正面涂敷固化机构和背面涂敷固化机构均包括涂敷机构和固化机构。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述电池串翻转机构还包括加热装置，所述加热装置在搬运过程中对电池串进行加热。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述涂敷固化机构包括两套配套设置的所述电池串翻转机构和背面涂敷固化机构。
作为本发明更进一步的改进，所述电池串翻转机构与电池串输送机构相邻设置，所述电池串翻转机构将涂敷固化后的电池串放置电池串输送机构的传送带上，将制作好的电池串传输至下一工位，完成电池串制造工艺。
采用本发明提供的技术方案，与现有技术相比，具有如下有益效果：本发明的光伏电池串设备所制作的电池串由至少一个尾部电池片、首部电池片以及至少一个中间电池片，在制作过程中将电池片主背面、焊带焊接在一起焊成电池串。通过牵引机构、机械手将裁切成工艺所需的长度的多股金属线与电池片二种材料依次按顺序摆放，使得相连电池正背面依次靠多股焊带预焊成电池串；并在后续工作流程中进行粘合剂涂敷，及粘合剂固化彻底消除搭接不良风险。此方法降低了焊带与电池片细栅之间位置的对齐度要求，有利于简化电池串的制造工艺。同时取消了复合膜和电池片正背面PAD点，减少光伏电池片表面遮挡的同时，减少了银浆料的使用，极大的降低了成本，并通过双面涂敷粘合剂并固化、提升焊带与电池片的结合力。进一步，电池串翻转机构还包括加热装置，其在电池串搬运过程中维持温度，使得焊带热应力可以缓慢释放，且保证一定温度，可以保证焊接过程与翻转工站温差不会太大，确保较大的应力在涂敷后释放，进而提高电池串电性能的稳定性。进一步，该光伏电池串制造设备包括两套电池串翻转机构和背面涂敷固化机构，其能达到快速在电池串背面涂敷粘附点并固化的效果，提高产能。
图1为光伏电池串制造设备的整体结构示意图。
图2为料盒输送跑道的立体结构示意图。
图3为料盒升降机构的立体结构示意图。
图4为电池片上料机构的立体结构示意图。
图5为电池片输送跑道的立体结构示意图。
图6为机械手的立体结构示意图。
图7为治具回流跑道的立体结构示意图。
图8为主治具下线机构的立体结构示意图。
图9为牵引机构的立体结构示意图。
图10为裁切机构的立体结构示意图。
示意图中的标号说明：
100、上料机构；101、料盒输送跑道；102、料盒升降机构；103、电池片上料机构；104、电池片输送跑道；105、机械手；101a、电池片料盒；102a、升降平台；103a、抓取板；103a-1、吸嘴；104a、定位平台；105a、机械手吸盘模块；105b、机械手磁性模块；
200、焊带上料机构；201、放卷机构；202、助焊剂容池；203、牵引机构；204、裁切机构；
300、治具上下线机构；301、治具定位机构；302、治具回流跑道；303、主治具下线机构；304、副治具上线机构；305、副治具下线机构；
400、焊接机构；
500、涂敷固化机构；501、正面涂敷固化机构；502、电池串翻转机构；503、背面涂敷固化机构；
600、电池串输送机构。
为进一步了解本发明的内容，结合附图和实施例对本发明作详细描述。
本说明书附图所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容得能涵盖的范围内。同时，本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”等用语，亦仅为便于叙述的明了，而非用以限定可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。
本发明的第一个实施例，该实施例提供了一种光伏电池串制造设备，整体设备图参照图1，其包括上料机构100，安装在机架一边，包括料盒输送跑道101、料盒升降机构102、电池片上料机构103、电池片输送跑道104、机械手吸盘模块105a，其中，机械手吸盘模块105a能够对电池片进行抓取放置；
焊带上料机构200，包括放卷机构201、裁切机构204，以及牵引机构203；以及，
治具上下线机构300，包括治具上线机构、治具下线机构、治具定位机构301和治具回流跑道302；
焊接机构400，所述焊接机构400包括第一加热模块和第二加热模块，所述第一加热模块对电池串的底部进行加热，所述第二加热模块对电池串的上表面进行加热；
涂敷固化机构500，包括正面涂敷固化机构501、电池串翻转机构502和背面涂敷固化机构503；
以及，电池串输送机构600，包括皮带输送结构。
其中， 上料机构100与焊接机构400并行，机械手105位于整个机架中间位置，以便于机械手吸盘模块105a和机械手磁性模块105b抓取放置电池片和主治具。
具体的，参照图1和2，上料机构100中料盒输送跑道101采用皮带传动，其上放置有电池片料盒101a，电池片料盒101a内层叠放置有若干电池片，料盒输送跑道101的一端与料盒升降机构102相连，参照图3，料盒升降机构102上设有升降平台102a，升降平台102a上设有传动皮带，传动皮带与料盒输送跑道101对齐，电池片料盒由料盒输送跑道101传输至升降平台102a上。参照图4，电池片上料机构103输出端连接有抓取板103a，抓取板103a的两端安装有吸嘴103a-1，抓取板103a位于升降平台102a上方且始终与升降平台102a平行，吸嘴103a-1抓取电池片料盒101a内的电池片并将电池片放置在电池片输送跑道104的一端，电池片输送跑道104另一端设有CCD定位平台104a，机械手105安装在CCD定位平台所在处。设备工作时，同时将电池片层叠放置在预制的料盒中上料输送，通过料盒升降、分片、抓取将电池片分别放置在传输带上输送、电池片经过CCD检测、在定位平台上待定。当电池片料盒101a内电池片全部由电池片上料机构103抓取完时，料盒升降机构102下降，将电池片料盒101a搬运至位于料盒输送跑道101下方的料盒回传跑道上回流。此外，所述电池片上线机构为机械上105的机械手吸盘模块105a，机械手吸盘模块105a用于抓取电池片放置于电池串加工平台工位上。
进一步的，焊带上料机构200包括放卷机构201、助焊剂容池202、裁切机构204，以及牵引机构203。放卷机构201上设有焊带，焊带为复合金属线，助焊剂容池202位于放卷机构的一端，牵引机构203拉取焊带先后经过助焊剂容池202和裁切机构204，焊带表面经过助焊剂容池202涂覆微米级厚度的助焊剂，再经过裁切机构204被裁切成多股带有助焊剂的焊带。工作时，将多股焊带，经过放卷机构201、助焊剂容池、裁切机构204和牵引机构203裁切成工艺所需长度的首、尾多股焊带和中间多股焊带，并放置在电池串加工平台工位。其中，首、尾部多股焊带的长度超出电池片一段距离便于电池串外部电性引出。中间多股焊带，经过裁切机构使中间多股焊带线上任意相邻电池片之间的长度裁切成相等设置的中间多股焊带，中间多股焊带将相邻的电池片进行电性连接。
进一步的，治具上下线机构包括治具上线机构、治具下线机构、治具定位机构301和治具回流跑道302。其中，所述治具上线机构包括机械手105上的机械手磁性模块105a，所述机械手磁铁模块105b作为主治具上线机构，用于抓取放置主治具，所述治具下线机构包括主治具下线机构303。工作时，机械手磁性模块105b抓取主治具，与焊带上料机构配合完成焊带、电池片、主治具的摆放。治具定位机构301设于治具回流跑道302的一端，主治具下线机构303位于治具回流跑道302的另一端，治具定位机构301与CCD定位平台104a连接。
可选的，所述治具上线机构还可包括副治具上线机构304，所述治具下线机构还可包括副治具下线机构305。副治具上线机构304抓取副治具放置于电池片上，保证焊接以及涂敷过程中焊带和电池片的紧密贴合。
具体的，参照图1所示，通过牵引机构将裁切成工艺所需长度的多股焊带放置在电池串加工平台工位，以及通过机械手吸盘模块105a抓取电池片并放置操作，重复裁切放置焊带和放置电池片的步骤在电池串加工平台工位上层叠形成电池串。具体的，先将裁切成所需长度的焊带通过牵引机构移动至工作位，通过机械手吸盘模块105a将电池片抓取放置在焊带上，并移动至下一个工位，经过放卷机构201、助焊剂容池202、裁切机构204和牵引机构203裁切形成中间多股焊带，通过牵引机构放置于电池片上表面，所述中间多股焊带包括前端部分和后端部分，所述焊带前端部分位于电池上表面，机械手吸盘模块105a抓取电池片将其放置在多股焊带的后段部分上，使得焊带后端部分与电池片背面紧贴，同时机械手磁性模块105b抓取主治具放置在已层叠有焊带前端部分的电池片表面上，使得位于电池片表面上的焊带前端部分和电池片贴合紧密。电池串输送带移动至下一个工位，副治具上线机构抓取副治具放置在电池片主治具的两侧位置，使电池片上下多股焊带与电池片贴合紧密，电池串输送带移动到焊接工位。
在该实施例中，电池串焊接平台包括焊接机构400，所述焊接机构400包括第一加热模块和第二加热模块，所述第一加热模块对电池串的底部进行加热，所述第二加热模块对电池串的上表面进行加热。其中，加热模块可采用红外管加热，使上下多股焊带与电池片正背面焊接形成电池串。能够使用热电偶、高温计等反馈所有加热元件的温度，能够在HMI上显示测量数据的趋势，保证焊接温度的稳定性。其也可以采用其他方式进行焊接，例如微波加热或激光加热等方式。
焊接工艺处理后，通过涂敷固化机构500执行涂敷固化工艺，在电池串的指定位置上涂敷粘附点。该指定位置可以是在细栅线上，也可以是在细栅线两侧之间的位置，其经过固化后的粘附点达到束缚焊带的目的即可，且在指定位置涂敷粘附点的过程，可选的，使用相机进行辅助定位，保证粘附点位置可以与焊带形成较好连接。
所述涂敷固化机构500包括正面涂敷固化机构501、电池串翻转机构502 、背面涂敷固化机构503。在电池串正面涂敷过程中，经过焊接工艺处理后的焊带和电池片已形成焊接，因而可取下主副治具，实施涂敷操作。
优选的，考虑到运行稳定性，确保焊带头尾部与电池片表面贴合紧密的同时，保证焊带和电池片在涂敷粘附点固定前始终处于束缚状态，以及保证不干涉涂敷机构工作的前提下，也可实施带治具实施涂敷。其中，带治具实施涂敷时，可保证主治具和副治具中的一者与电池片贴合进行涂敷，或者，对主治具和副治具中的至少一者进行镂空设置，以便在治具的镂空位置实施带治具涂敷，或者上述两种方式的结合，即保证在涂敷过程中至少一个治具和电池片贴合。在整个电池串正面完成正面涂敷固化操作后，通过电池串翻转机构502将电池串进行翻转，翻转后的电池串位于背面涂敷固化机构503的下方，背面涂敷固化机构503对电池串背面涂敷粘附点并固化。
可选的，电池串翻转机构503还包括加热装置，其能够在搬运过程中维持电池串在一定温度范围内，使得金属热应力可以缓慢释放，且保证一定温度，该温度范围在40-140℃之间，其可以保证焊接过程与翻转工站上温差不会太大，确保较大的应力在粘附点固化后释放。需说明的是，焊接后焊带和细栅形成稳定连接，且结合力大于细栅与电池片结合力。
可选的，所述涂敷固化机构500包括两套电池串翻转机构502和背面涂敷固化机构503，参照图1所述，电池串翻转机构502和背面涂敷固化机构503配套设置在电池串输送机构600的两侧，其也可以均位于电池串输送机构600的一侧。上述实施方式能达到快速在电池串背面涂敷实施粘附点并固化的效果，提高产能。
此外，电池串翻转机构503与电池串输送机构600相邻设置，电池串背面粘附点经过固化工艺后，通过电池串翻转机构503将电池串放置电池串输送机构600的传送带上，将制作好的电池串传输至下一工位，完成电池串制造工艺。
以上示意性的对本发明及其实施方式进行了描述，该描述没有限制性，附图中所示的也只是本发明的实施方式之一，实际的结构并不局限于此。所以，如果本领域的普通技术人员受其启示，在不脱离本发明创造宗旨的情况下，不经创造性的设计出与该技术方案相似的结构方式及实施例，均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (15)
- 一种光伏电池串制造设备，其特征在于：包括，上料机构（100），包括料盒输送跑道（101）、料盒升降机构（102）、电池片上料机构（103）、电池片输送跑道（104）、电池片上线机构；焊带上料机构（200），包括放卷机构（201）、裁切机构（204），以及牵引机构（203）；治具上下线机构（300），包括治具上线机构和治具下线机构；焊接机构（205），用于将焊带和电池片焊接形成电池串；涂敷固化机构（500），包括正面涂敷固化机构（501），电池串翻转机构（502），背面涂敷固化机构（503）；电池串输送机构（600），包括皮带输送结构。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述料盒输送跑道（101）采用皮带传动，其上放置有电池片料盒（101a），所述电池片料盒（101a）内层叠放置有若干电池片，所述料盒输送跑道（101）的一端与所述料盒升降机构（103）相连。
- 根据权利要求2所述的光伏电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述料盒升降机构（102）上设有升降平台（102a），所述升降平台（102a）上设有传动皮带，所述传动皮带与所述料盒输送跑道（101）对齐，电池片料盒由料盒输送跑道（101）运动至升降平台（102a）上。
- 根据权利要求3所述的光伏电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述电池片上料机构（103）输出端连接有抓取板（103a），所述抓取板（103a）的两端安装有吸嘴（103a-1），所述抓取板（103a）位于所述升降平台（103a）上方且始终与所述升降平台（103a）平行，所述吸嘴（103a-1）抓取电池片放置在电池片输送跑道（104）的一端，所述电池片输送跑道（104）另一端设有CCD定位平台（104a）。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述制造设备还包括机械手（105），所述机械手（105）安装在CCD定位平台所在处，所述电池片上线机构为机械手（105）上的机械手吸盘模块（105a），机械手吸盘模块（105a）用于抓取放置电池片。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述制造设备还包括机械手（105），所述机械手（105）安装在CCD定位平台所在处，所述治具上线机构包括机械手（105）上的机械手磁性模块（105a），所述机械手磁铁模块（105b）用于抓取放置主治具，所述治具下线机构包括主治具下线机构（303）。
- 根据权利要求6所述的光伏电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述治具上线机构还包括副治具上线机构（304），所述治具下线机构还包括副治具下线机构（305）。
- 根据权利要求7所述的光伏电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述治具上下线机构（300）还包括治具定位机构（301）和治具回流跑道（302），所述副治具下线机构（305）和所述主治具下线机构（303）将副治具和主治具抓取放置在治具回流跑道（302）上回流。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述焊带上料机构（200）还包括助焊剂容池（202），所述放卷机构（201）上设有焊带，所述焊带为复合金属线，所述助焊剂容池（202）位于放卷机构的一端，所述牵引机构（203）拉取焊带先后经过助焊剂容池（202）和裁切机构（204），所述焊带表面经过助焊剂容池（202）涂覆助焊剂，再经过裁切机构（204）被裁切成多股焊带。
- 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能光伏高速涂敷粘合剂电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述焊接机构（400）包括第一加热模块和第二加热模块，所述第一加热模块对电池串的底部进行加热，所述第二加热模块对电池串的上表面进行加热。
- 根据权利要求10所述的太阳能光伏高速涂敷粘合剂电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述加热方式采用红外加热。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述正面涂敷固化机构（501）和背面涂敷固化机构（503）均包括涂敷机构和固化机构。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述电池串翻转机构（502）还包括加热装置，所述加热装置在搬运过程中对电池串进行加热。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述涂敷固化机构（500）包括两套配套设置的所述电池串翻转机构（502）和背面涂敷固化机构（503）。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏电池串制造设备，其特征在于：所述电池串翻转机构（502）与电池串输送机构（600）相邻设置，所述电池串翻转机构（502）将涂敷固化后的电池串放置电池串输送机构（600）的传送带上，将制作好的电池串传输至下一工位，完成电池串制造工艺。
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