WO2024040780A1 - 背光模组和显示装置 - Google Patents

背光模组和显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024040780A1
WO2024040780A1 PCT/CN2022/135752 CN2022135752W WO2024040780A1 WO 2024040780 A1 WO2024040780 A1 WO 2024040780A1 CN 2022135752 W CN2022135752 W CN 2022135752W WO 2024040780 A1 WO2024040780 A1 WO 2024040780A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bracket
backlight module
lamp
heat dissipation
cavity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/135752
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵俊义
康报虹
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惠科股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 惠科股份有限公司 filed Critical 惠科股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024040780A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024040780A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133628—Illuminating devices with cooling means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133608—Direct backlight including particular frames or supporting means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133308—Support structures for LCD panels, e.g. frames or bezels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular, to a backlight module and a display device.
  • LCD displays have many years of development experience and the technology is relatively mature. However, as the market demand for ultra-thinness, high color gamut, and low power consumption becomes increasingly strong, various screen manufacturers are also actively responding and striving to make more competitive products. The product. Displays using Mini LED can achieve better goals of ultra-thin overall machine, high dynamic range imaging (HDR) performance, higher contrast, high partitioning, and low power consumption.
  • HDR high dynamic range imaging
  • the display effect is comparable to OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode, Organic Light-emitting semiconductor displays), provide consumers with an extremely high viewing experience and bring more diverse display consumption options to the market.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a backlight module and a display device to reduce the power consumption of the backlight module and increase the service life of the backlight module.
  • the backlight module includes a bracket, at least one lamp panel and a plurality of lamp beads.
  • the bracket is provided with at least one lamp panel mounting slot, and the bracket corresponds to the lamp panel.
  • Heat dissipation openings are provided on at least two sides of the installation slot, and the heat dissipation openings penetrate the side walls of the bracket;
  • the lamp panels are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the lamp panel installation slots and are fixed in the lamp panel installation slots;
  • the interior of the lamp panel is hollowed out to form a cavity, and the cavity is connected with the heat dissipation port on the bracket;
  • the lamp beads are arranged on the lamp panel, and the pins of the lamp beads extend into the cavity ;
  • the bracket and the light panel form the support structure of the backlight module.
  • the backlight module includes a bracket, a plurality of lamp panels and a plurality of lamp beads.
  • the bracket is provided with a plurality of lamp panel mounting slots, and the lamp panel mounting slots are through slots.
  • penetrating the bracket the bracket includes a frame part and a frame part, the frame part is composed of a plurality of crisscrossed branches, the frame part is arranged around the frame part; the four sides of the frame part correspond to A heat dissipation port is provided at the position of the lamp panel installation groove, and an air channel is provided in each of the branches.
  • the air channel penetrates the two sides of the branch corresponding to the lamp panel installation channel, and the heat dissipation port , the air channel and the cavity form a heat dissipation channel;
  • the lamp panel and the lamp panel installation groove are arranged in one-to-one correspondence and fixed in the lamp panel installation groove;
  • the lamp panel includes a top plate, a support and a bottom plate,
  • the support member is located between the top plate and the bottom plate and is connected to the top plate and the bottom plate so that the cavity is formed between the top plate and the bottom plate;
  • the lamp beads are arranged on the top plate, And the pins of the lamp beads extend through the top plate into the cavity; wherein the bracket and the lamp board form a support structure of the backlight module.
  • the display device includes a display panel and a backlight module.
  • the backlight module provides backlight for the display panel.
  • the backlight module includes a bracket, at least one light panel and a plurality of Lamp beads, the bracket is provided with at least one lamp panel mounting slot, the bracket is provided with heat dissipation openings on at least two sides corresponding to the lamp panel mounting slot, and the heat dissipation openings penetrate the side walls of the bracket;
  • the lamp panel is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the lamp panel installation slot and is fixed in the lamp panel installation slot; the lamp panel is hollowed out to form a cavity, and the cavity is connected to the heat dissipation port on the bracket;
  • the lamp bead is arranged on the lamp board, and the pins of the lamp bead extend into the cavity; wherein the bracket and the lamp board form a support structure of the backlight module.
  • the back panel structure is omitted from the backlight module and an additional bracket is added to fix the light panel.
  • the lamp panel is combined with the bracket as the support structure of the backlight module; and by making heat dissipation vents on different sides of the bracket, a hollow structure is made in the lamp panel to form a cavity, so that the cavity and these heat dissipation vents are connected to form a connection
  • the external air flow channel allows the external air flow to enter from one heat dissipation port and come out from another heat dissipation port through the cavity to achieve the effect of air flow; thus allowing the outside cold air to directly extend the heat on the lamp board to the air.
  • the heat on the pins in the cavity is taken away, effectively dissipating heat from the lamp bead pins, thereby reducing the power consumption of the backlight module and increasing the service life of the backlight module.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a backlight module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a stent provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view in the horizontal direction of a bracket provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a light panel provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view in the vertical direction of a backlight module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view in the horizontal direction of a backlight module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features.
  • center “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”
  • the terms indicating the orientation or positional relationship, etc. are described based on the orientation or relative positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the simplified description of the present application, and do not indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation. , is constructed and operated in a specific orientation and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation on this application.
  • the embodiment of the present application discloses a backlight module 20 using a direct backlight design.
  • the backlight module 20 includes a bracket 100, a lamp panel 200, a lamp bead 300 and other components. structure, the bracket 100 is provided with a lamp panel mounting slot 110 for fixing the lamp panel 200, and the bracket 100 is provided with heat dissipation vents 120 on at least two sides corresponding to the lamp panel mounting slot 110, that is, at least one side of the bracket 100 is Heat dissipation openings 120 are provided on two sides, which may be two sides, three sides, or four sides; and the heat dissipation openings 120 penetrate through the side walls of the bracket 100 .
  • the lamp panel 200 is hollowed out to form a cavity 210.
  • the cavity 210 is connected with at least two heat dissipation ports 120 on the bracket 100.
  • the lamp beads 300 are arranged on the lamp panel 200, and the lamp The pins 310 of the bead 300 extend into the cavity 210 ; wherein the bracket 100 and the light panel 200 form the support structure of the backlight module 20 .
  • the back panel structure is omitted from the backlight module 20 and an additional fixed structure is added.
  • the bracket 100 structure of the lamp panel 200 uses the lamp panel 200 combined with the bracket 100 as the support structure of the backlight module 20, that is, the back structure of the backlight module 20; and by making heat dissipation holes 120 on different sides of the bracket 100, A hollow structure is made in the lamp panel 200 to form a cavity 210, so that the cavity 210 and these heat dissipation vents 120 are connected to form an air flow channel connected to the outside world, so that the external air flow can enter from one heat dissipation vent 120 and dissipate heat from the other through the cavity 210.
  • the opening 120 comes out to achieve the effect of air flow; thus, the cold air from the outside can directly take away the heat on the lamp panel 200 and the heat on the pins 310 extending into the cavity 210, effectively affecting the pins of the lamp beads 300. 310 dissipates heat to achieve the purpose of reducing the power consumption of the backlight module 20 and increasing the service life of the backlight module 20 .
  • the backlight module 20 there may be only one light panel 200 in the backlight module 20 .
  • there is only one light panel mounting slot 110 on the bracket 100 and the cavity 210 in the light panel 200 is directly connected to the bracket 100 . All the heat dissipation vents 120 are connected to form an air flow channel.
  • the number of light panels 200 in the backlight module 20 may also be multiple, and the plurality here refers to two or more; the bracket 100 also has a plurality of corresponding light panel installation slots 110, and the light panels 200 are one by one.
  • the cavities 210 in each lamp panel 200 are connected to each other and form an air flow channel with the heat dissipation port 120 on the bracket 100.
  • the backlight module 20 having eight lamp panels 200 is used as an example for description, but it does not mean that this embodiment preferably adopts the backlight module 20 having eight lamp panels 200 .
  • Each lamp panel 200 is provided with a plurality of lamp beads 300.
  • These lamp beads 300 can be ordinary LED lamp beads 300 or Mini LED lamp beads 300, which are not limited here.
  • the light panel mounting groove 110 is a through groove that penetrates the bracket 100.
  • the bracket 100 has a grid structure.
  • the bracket 100 includes a frame portion. 130 and a frame part 140.
  • the frame part 140 is composed of a plurality of criss-crossing branches 141.
  • the frame part 130 is a square annular structure and is arranged around the frame part 140; at least two sides of the frame part 130
  • the heat dissipation port 120 is provided on the side corresponding to the position of the lamp panel installation groove 110.
  • Each of the branches 141 is provided with an air channel 142.
  • the air channel 142 connects the branches 141 to the lamp panel. Both sides of the mounting groove 110 pass through, and the heat dissipation port 120 , the air channel 142 and the cavity 210 form a heat dissipation channel.
  • the light panel installation groove 110 can also be a blind groove, that is, the light panel installation groove 110 does not penetrate the bracket 100, and this design does not affect the air flow in the heat dissipation channel; but relatively speaking, the light panel installation groove 110 After forming the through groove, the bottom of the lamp panel 200 directly leaks out of the bracket 100, so that the lamp panel 200 serves as the bottom of the backlight module 20 and is directly exposed to the outside world, making it easier to dissipate heat.
  • the interior of the bracket 100 is hollow, that is, in the bracket 100, the frame part 140 and the frame part 130 are both hollow structures.
  • the interiors of each branch 141 in the bracket 100 are connected, and at the same time, each lamp is The cavity 210 in the panel 200 is connected, and the internal spaces of the entire bracket 100 and all the light panels 200 are connected. In this way, the external airflow can flow through the bracket 100 and the inside of all the light panels 200, taking away the heat in each area, so that the backlight module Group 20 dissipates heat evenly.
  • the heat dissipation vents 120 are correspondingly formed on the four outer sides of the frame part 130 , and the heat dissipation vents 120 on each side are arranged corresponding to the lamp panel 200 ; so
  • the heat dissipation vents 120 are provided on the side of the frame portion 130 away from the skeleton portion 140 , and the heat dissipation vents 120 are a porous structure arranged in an array to prevent external dust and foreign matter from entering the backlight module 20;
  • the side of the frame portion 130 facing the frame portion 140 is hollowed out to form a hollow portion 131 , and the hollow portion 131 corresponds to one side of the cavity 210 .
  • the depth of the heat dissipation opening 120 is smaller, and the outside air can fill and replace the air in the cavity of the lamp panel 200 more quickly, thereby achieving better heat dissipation.
  • the porous heat dissipation port 120 can be made into a truncated cone-shaped structure, so that the cross-sectional area of the heat dissipation port 120 facing the lamp panel 200 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the heat dissipation port 120 facing the outside, that is, away from the lamp panel 200 .
  • Cross-sectional area in this case, there will be more air flowing in from the outside world, but less air entering the backlight module 20, which will form a negative pressure state, accelerate the outside air entering the backlight module 20, and improve the air flow inside the backlight module 20 speed and improve heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the bracket 100 is an integrally formed structure, that is, the frame part 130 and the frame part 140 are made together. This ensures that the bracket 100 still has high strength and stability even though it is hollow inside. Moreover, the bracket 100 can be made of aluminum alloy material, so that while reducing the cost and weight of the bracket 100, the bracket 100 itself has better heat absorption and heat dissipation effects, and can speed up the installation of the light panel 200. The heat is released, thereby further improving the overall heat dissipation effect of the backlight module 20 . Of course, the bracket 100 can also be made of other metals or other materials.
  • the design of the cavity 210 corresponds to the design of the heat dissipation vents 120 on the bracket 100 ; when the heat dissipation vents 120 are only provided on two opposite sides of the bracket 100 , the cavity 210 is the inner part of the lamp panel 200 A channel that runs from front to back; when the heat dissipation vents 120 are formed on the four sides of the bracket 100, the cavity 210 is a hollow structure open on all sides.
  • the light panel 200 includes a top plate 220 , a support 230 and a bottom plate 240 .
  • the support 230 is located between the top plate 220 and the bottom plate 240 , and
  • the top plate 220 and the bottom plate 240 are connected to form a cavity 210 between the top plate 220 and the bottom plate 240 , and the pins 310 of the lamp beads 300 extend through the top plate 220 into the cavity 210 .
  • the lamp panel 200 adopts an integrated design, that is, the top panel 220, the support member 230 and the bottom panel 240 are integrally formed, which not only facilitates the processing of the lamp panel 200, but also improves the stability of the lamp panel 200.
  • the support member 230 includes four corner support columns 231 and one middle support column 232.
  • the four corner support columns 231 respectively correspond to the four corners of the light panel 200 and connect the four corners of the top plate 220 and the light panel 200 respectively.
  • the four corners of the bottom plate 240; the middle support column 232 is located in the center of the light panel 200, connecting the center of the top plate 220 and the center of the bottom plate 240.
  • the bottom plate 240 and the top plate 220 of each light panel 200 are supported and fixed at five points. This ensures the internal space of the light panel 200 and prevents the top plate 220 and the bottom plate 240 from bending due to force.
  • the horizontal cross-section of the corner support columns 231 can be square.
  • the four corner support columns 231 of the lamp panel 200 just abut against the four corners of the lamp panel installation slot 110.
  • the board 200 is positioned to facilitate the installation of the light board 200.
  • the cross section of the middle support column 232 may be rectangular or circular, or may be of other shapes.
  • the bottom of the lamp panel 200 is flush with the bottom of the bracket 100. Since the lamp panel 200 and the bracket 100 serve as the back of the backlight module 20, the flat structure is conducive to the backlight module. 20 aesthetics. After the bottom of the light panel 200 is flush with the bottom of the bracket 100, sealant can be further filled in the gap between the bottom plate 240 and the bracket 100 to improve the waterproof effect on the back of the backlight module 20, as well as the light panel 200 and the bracket. Stability between 100.
  • the bracket 100 and the lamp panel 200 form multiple heat dissipation channels.
  • the direction of the arrow in the figure indicates the direction of the air flow.
  • the width of the cavity 210 is also the distance between two adjacent corner support columns 231 in the light panel 200.
  • the width of the air channel 142 is not less than the width of the cavity 210, and the frame
  • the width of the hollow portion 131 in the portion 130 is not less than the width of the cavity 210, so that the bracket 100 itself does not block the flow of air.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the air channel 142, the cross-sectional shape of the cavity 210 and the cross-sectional shape of the hollow portion 131 are the same, and the three form a stable air flow channel, allowing the air to flow smoothly, which is beneficial to achieving stable heat dissipation.
  • the light panel 200 can be individually fixed on the bracket 100 in the light panel installation groove 110. Specifically, it can be fixed one by one by bonding, snapping or plugging. It can also be fixed uniformly. First, single or multiple light panels 200 are fixed together, and finally the bracket 100 is installed in the light panel installation slot 110 .
  • the backlight module 20 further includes a cover plate 250, an array of top plates 220 of a plurality of the lamp panels 200 is fixed on the cover plate 250, the lamp beads 300 are fixed on the cover plate 250, and The pins 310 of the lamp bead 300 extend through the cover plate 250 and the top plate 220 into the cavity 210; the edge bottom of the cover plate 250 is in contact with the top of the frame part 130, and is adhered. is connected to the frame portion 130 .
  • the lamp panel 200 can be fixed on the cover plate 250 first, and then the edge bottom of the cover plate 250 is bonded to the top of the frame portion 130.
  • the light panel 200 is installed in the bracket 100 .
  • the cover plate 250 is directly fixed on the bracket 100 to complete the installation and fixation of all the light panels 200 , which is simple and convenient; and the cover plate 250 The design also avoids the risk of the light panel 200 falling off the bracket 100 .
  • the cover 250 covers both the lamp panel installation groove 110 and the lamp panel 200 , thereby preventing the hot air from flowing out toward the lamp bead 300 through the gap between the lamp panel 200 and the bracket 100 , causing the risk of temperature rise in the lamp bead 300 . .
  • the lamp panel 200 and the cover panel 250 can be an integral structure.
  • the lamp beads 300 only need to be installed on the cover panel 250 one by one.
  • the lamp panel 200 can also be separated from the lamp panel 200 .
  • the light panels 200 can be pasted on the cover plate 250, so that the number of the light panels 200 can be selected according to the actual situation to meet more usage situations.
  • the present application also discloses a display device.
  • the display device 10 includes a display panel 50 and the backlight module 20 as described above.
  • the display panel 50 may be a TN (Twisted Nematic) Type) display panel, IPS (In-Plane Switching, plane conversion type) display panel, VA (Vertical Alignment, vertical alignment type) display panel, MVA (Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment, multi-quadrant vertical alignment type) display panel, here No restrictions.
  • the backlight module 20 also includes a plastic frame 30 and an optical component 40.
  • the plastic frame 30 is fixed on the frame part 130 of the bracket 100.
  • the display panel 50 can be directly bonded to the optical component 40 or fixed. on the plastic frame 30.

Abstract

本申请公开了一种背光模组(20)和显示装置(10)，所述背光模组(20)包括支架(100)、灯板(200)和多个灯珠(300)，支架(100)上设有灯板安装槽(110)，支架(100)上的至少两侧设有散热口(120)，灯板(200)安装在灯板安装槽(110)内；灯板(200)内部形成空腔(210)，空腔(210)与散热口(120)连通；灯珠(300)设置在灯板(200)上，且灯珠(300)的引脚延伸至空腔(210)内，支架(100)和灯板(200)形成背光模组(20)的支撑结构。

Description

背光模组和显示装置
本申请要求于2022年8月23日提交中国专利局，申请号为2022110115434，申请名称为“背光模组和显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本本申请涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种背光模组和显示装置。
背景技术
这里的陈述仅提供与本申请有关的背景信息，而不必然地构成现有技术；
液晶显示器已有多年发展经验，技术比较成熟，但随着市场对超薄性化、高色域、低功耗的需求趋势日益强烈，各屏厂也在积极响应，力争做出更有竞争力的产品。使用Mini LED的显示器能够实现更好的整机超薄化、高动态范围成像(HDR)表现、更高对比度、高分区、低功耗的目标，显示效果可媲美OLED(Organic Light Emitting Diode，有机发光半导体显示器)，为消费者带来极高的观赏体验，给市场带来更多样性的显示消费选择机会。
由于LED在使用时会产生较多的热量，且LED发热主要来源于LED引脚，这容易导致背光模组的功耗变大、使用寿命降低。因此如何有效对LED的引脚进行散热，以减小背光模组的功耗，并提高背光模组的使用寿命，是Mini LED显示技术发展的较大障碍之一。
发明内容
本申请的目的是提供一种背光模组和显示装置，以减小背光模组的功耗，并提高背光模组的使用寿命。
本申请公开了一种背光模组，所述背光模组包括支架、至少一个灯板和多个灯珠，所述支架上设有至少一个灯板安装槽，所述支架上对应所述灯板安装槽的至少两侧设有散热口，所述散热口贯穿所述支架的侧壁；所述灯板与所述灯板安装槽一一对应设置，固定在所述灯板安装槽内；所述灯板内部镂空形成空腔，所述空腔与所述支架上的散热口连通；所述灯珠设置在所述灯板上，且所述灯珠的引脚延伸至所述空腔内；其中，所述支架和所述灯板形成所述背光模组的支撑结构。
本申请公开了一种背光模组，所述背光模组包括支架、多个灯板和多个灯珠，所述支架上设有多个灯板安装槽，所述灯板安装槽为通槽，贯穿所述支架；所述支架包括边框部和骨 架部，所述骨架部由多条纵横交错的支干构成，所述边框部环绕所述骨架部设置；所述边框部的四侧对应所述灯板安装槽的位置设有散热口，每条所述支干中都设有气道，所述气道将所述支干对应所述灯板安装槽的两侧贯穿，所述散热口、气道和空腔形成散热通道；所述灯板与所述灯板安装槽一一对应设置，固定在所述灯板安装槽内；所述灯板包括顶板、支撑件和底板，所述支撑件位于所述顶板和所述底板之间，与所述顶板和所述底板连接，使所述顶板和所述底板之间形成所述空腔；所述灯珠设置在所述顶板上，且所述灯珠的引脚贯穿所述顶板延伸至所述空腔内；其中，所述支架和所述灯板形成所述背光模组的支撑结构。
本申请还公开了一种显示装置，所述显示装置包括显示面板和背光模组，所述背光模组为所述显示面板提供背光，所述背光模组包括支架、至少一个灯板和多个灯珠，所述支架上设有至少一个灯板安装槽，所述支架上对应所述灯板安装槽的至少两侧设有散热口，所述散热口贯穿所述支架的侧壁；所述灯板与所述灯板安装槽一一对应设置，固定在所述灯板安装槽内；所述灯板内部镂空形成空腔，所述空腔与所述支架上的散热口连通；所述灯珠设置在所述灯板上，且所述灯珠的引脚延伸至所述空腔内；其中，所述支架和所述灯板形成所述背光模组的支撑结构。
相对于目前背光模组将灯板做在背板上，利用背板对灯板进行散热的设计来说，本申请中在背光模组中省去背板结构，并额外增设固定灯板的支架结构，利用灯板结合支架作为背光模组的支撑结构；并通过在支架上的不同侧边做散热口，在灯板内做中空结构形成空腔，使得空腔和这些散热口连通形成一条连通外界的气流通道，使得外界的气流可以从一个散热口进入，通过空腔从另一个散热口出来，达到气流流通的效果；从而能够使得外界的冷空气直接将灯板上的热量、延伸到空腔内的引脚上的热量带走，有效对灯珠的引脚进行散热，达到减小背光模组的功耗、提高背光模组使用寿命的目的。
附图说明
所包括的附图用来提供对本申请实施例的进一步的理解，其构成了说明书的一部分，用于例示本申请的实施方式，并与文字描述一起来阐释本申请的原理。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。在附图中：
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种背光模组的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种支架的示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种支架在水平方向的截面图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种灯板的示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种背光模组在竖直方向的截面图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种背光模组在水平方向的截面图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种显示装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
需要理解的是，这里所使用的术语、公开的具体结构和功能细节，仅仅是为了描述具体实施例，是代表性的，但是本申请可以通过许多替换形式来具体实现，不应被解释成仅受限于这里所阐述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示相对重要性，或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。另外，“中心”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系的术语，是基于附图所示的方位或相对位置关系描述的，仅是为了便于描述本申请的简化描述，而不是指示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
下面参考附图和可选的实施例对本申请作详细说明。
如图1、图2和图4所示，本申请实施例公开了一种采用直下式背光设计的背光模组20，所述背光模组20包括支架100、灯板200、灯珠300以及其它结构，在所述支架100上设有用于固定灯板200的灯板安装槽110，所述支架100上对应所述灯板安装槽110的至少两侧设有散热口120，即支架100的至少两个侧面上设有散热口120，可以是两个侧面，也可以是三个侧面或者四个侧面；并且，所述散热口120贯穿所述支架100的侧壁。
所述灯板200内部镂空形成空腔210，所述空腔210与所述支架100上的至少两个散热口120连通，所述灯珠300设置在所述灯板200上，且所述灯珠300的引脚310延伸至所述空腔210内；其中，所述支架100和所述灯板200形成所述背光模组20的支撑结构。
相对于目前背光模组20将灯板200做在背板上，利用背板对灯板200进行散热的设计来说，本申请中在背光模组20中省去背板结构，并额外增设固定灯板200的支架100结构，利用灯板200结合支架100作为背光模组20的支撑结构，也即背光模组20的背面结构；并通过在支架100上的不同侧边做散热口120，在灯板200内做中空结构形成空腔210，使得空腔210和这些散热口120连通形成一条连通外界的气流通道，使得外界的气流可以从一个散热口120进入，通过空腔210从另一个散热口120出来，达到气流流通的效果；从而能够使得外界的冷空气直接将灯板200上的热量、延伸到空腔210内的引脚310上的热量带走，有效对灯珠300的引脚310进行散热，达到减小背光模组20的功耗、提高背光模组20使用寿命的目的。
在本申请实施例中，所述背光模组20中的灯板200数量可以只有一个，此时支架100 上只有一个灯板安装槽110，并且灯板200中的空腔210直接与支架100上的所有散热口120相连通，形成气流通道。背光模组20中的灯板200数量也可以有多个，此处的多个指的是两个或两个以上；支架100上也对应有多个灯板安装槽110，灯板200一一对应安装在灯板安装槽110内，此时每个灯板200中的空腔210都相互连通，并与支架100上的散热口120形成气流通道。在本实施例中以背光模组20中具有八个灯板200为例进行说明，但并不意味着本实施例优选采用具有八个灯板200的背光模组20。
每个灯板200上都设有多个灯珠300，这些灯珠300可以采用普通的LED灯珠300，也可采用Mini LED灯珠300，在此不做限定。
如图2所示，在所述支架100中，所述灯板安装槽110为通槽，贯穿所述支架100，此时支架100为网格状结构，具体的，所述支架100包括边框部130和骨架部140，所述骨架部140由多条纵横交错的支干141构成，所述边框部130为方形的环状结构，环绕所述骨架部140设置；所述边框部130的至少两侧对应所述灯板安装槽110的位置设有所述散热口120，每条所述支干141中都设有气道142，所述气道142将所述支干141对应所述灯板安装槽110的两侧贯穿，所述散热口120、气道142和空腔210形成散热通道。
当然，灯板安装槽110也可以为盲槽，即灯板安装槽110并未将支架100贯穿，这样设计也并未影响散热通道中的空气流动；但是相对来说，将灯板安装槽110做成通槽后，灯板200的底部直接从支架100中漏出，使得灯板200作为背光模组20的底部直接裸露在外界，更容易进行散热。
进一步的，所述支架100的内部中空，即在所述支架100中，骨架部140和边框部130都为中空结构，此时支架100中各支干141的内部相连通，同时也令各灯板200内的空腔210相通，整个支架100和所有灯板200的内部空间都相通，这样外界气流可流过支架100和所有灯板200的内部，带走每一区域的热量，使得背光模组20散热均匀。
并且，如图3所示，当所述边框部130为中空结构时，对应的将散热口120做在边框部130的四个外侧，每一侧的散热口120都对应灯板200设置；所述散热口120设置在所述边框部130中远离所述骨架部140的一侧，且所述散热口120为阵列排布的多孔状结构，防止外界的灰尘异物进入到背光模组20内部；所述边框部130中朝向所述骨架部140的一侧挖空形成镂空部131，所述镂空部131与所述空腔210的一侧相对应。将边框部130内部挖空后，散热口120的深度较小，外界空气能够更快速地填充、更换灯板200腔体内的空气，实现更好的散热。
可选的，可以将多孔状的散热口120做成圆台状结构，使得散热口120朝向灯板200的横截面积，大于散热口120朝向外界的横截面积，即远离所述灯板200的横截面积，这样的话外界涌入的空气多，然而进入背光模组20内部的空气少，会形成一个负压状态，加速外 界空气进入背光模组20内，提高背光模组20内部的空气流动速度，提高散热效率。
所述支架100为一体成型结构，即边框部130和骨架部140是一起制作出来的，这样能够保证支架100在内部中空的情况仍然具有较高的强度和稳定性。而且，支架100可以由铝合金材料构成，这样在减小支架100成本、减小支架100重量的情况下，还能使得支架100本身具有较好的吸热、散热效果，能够加快将灯板200上的热量释放出，从而进一步提高背光模组20的整体散热效果。当然支架100也可以采用其它金属或其它材料构成。
在所述灯板200中，空腔210的设计与支架100上散热口120的设计是对应的；当散热口120只做在支架100的两对侧时，空腔210是灯板200内的一个前后贯穿的通道；当散热口120做在支架100的四侧时，空腔210是四面敞开的镂空状结构。
此时，结合图4、图5和图6所示，所述灯板200包括顶板220、支撑件230和底板240，所述支撑件230位于所述顶板220和所述底板240之间，与所述顶板220和所述底板240连接，使所述顶板220和所述底板240之间形成空腔210，所述灯珠300的引脚310贯穿所述顶板220延伸至所述空腔210内。而且，所述灯板200采用一体式设计，即顶板220、支撑件230和底板240一体成型，这样既方便灯板200加工，又能提高灯板200的稳定性。
所述支撑件230包括四个角支撑柱231和一个中部支撑柱232，四个所述角支撑柱231分别对应所述灯板200的四个角落，分别连接所述顶板220的四角和所述底板240的四角；所述中部支撑柱232位于所述灯板200的中心，连接所述顶板220的中心和所述底板240的中心。每个灯板200的底板240和顶板220通过五个点进行支撑和固定，在保障了灯板200内部空间的情况下，还避免了顶板220和底板240受力弯曲。
并且角支撑柱231的水平截面可以为方形，在灯板200插入灯板安装槽110时，灯板200四个角支撑柱231刚好与灯板安装槽110的四个边角抵接，对灯板200定位，方便灯板200安装。中部支撑柱232的截面可为矩形或圆形，还可以为其它形状。
灯板200在装入灯板安装槽110中之后，灯板200的底部与支架100的底部平齐，由于灯板200和支架100作为背光模组20的背面，平整的结构有利于背光模组20的美观度。将灯板200的底部与支架100的底部平齐后，还可进一步在底板240与所述支架100的间隙中填充有密封胶，提高背光模组20背面的防水效果，以及灯板200和支架100之间的稳定性。
如图6所示，灯板200在装入灯板安装槽110中之后，支架100和灯板200形成多个散热通道，图中的箭头方向表示气流的方向，当灯板200中腔体的空气受热膨胀后，带动灯板200内外空气的流动。
所述空腔210的宽度也就是一个所述灯板200中相邻两个角支撑柱231之间的间距，此时，所述气道142的宽度不小于所述空腔210的宽度，边框部130中镂空部131的宽度也不小于空腔210的宽度，从而使得支架100本身不会阻挡空气的流动。可选的，使得气道142 的截面形状、空腔210的截面形状和镂空部131的截面形状相同，三者形成一个稳定的气流通道，使得空气平稳流动，有利于实现稳定散热。
在本申请实施例中，灯板200可以是单个固定在支架100在灯板安装槽110内，具体可以是采用粘接、卡接或插接等方式进行一一对应固定；也可以采用统一固定的方式，先将单个或多个灯板200固定在一起，最后装入支架100在灯板安装槽110内。具体的，所述背光模组20还包括盖板250，多个所述灯板200的顶板220阵列固定在所述盖板250上，所述灯珠300固定在所述盖板250上，且所述灯珠300的引脚310贯穿所述盖板250和所述顶板220延伸至所述空腔210内；所述盖板250的边缘底部与所述边框部130的顶部抵接，并粘接固定在所述边框部130上。或者，当背光模组20中只有一个灯板200时，也可以先将这一个灯板200固定在盖板250上，然后通过盖板250的边缘底部与所述边框部130的顶部粘接，来将灯板200安装在支架100内。
采用上述固定方式后，避免了灯板200一一对位安装的复杂工序，直接将盖板250固定在支架100上，就可完成对所有灯板200的安装固定，简单方便；并且盖板250的设计还避免了灯板200从支架100上脱落的风险。另外，盖板250将灯板安装槽110和灯板200都覆盖住，避免了热空气通过灯板200和支架100的间隙朝向灯珠300的方向流出，使得灯珠300产生温度升高的风险。
此时，灯板200和盖板250可以是一体成型结构，在组装时，只需要将灯珠300一一安装在盖板250上即可；当然，灯板200也可以和灯板200是分体式结构，在组装时，将灯板200粘贴在盖板250上即可，这样可以根据实际情况选择灯板200的数量，从而满足更多的使用情况。
如图7所示，本申请还公开了一种显示装置，所述显示装置10包括显示面板50和如上所述的背光模组20，所述显示面板50可以是TN(Twisted Nematic，扭曲向列型)显示面板、IPS(In-Plane Switching，平面转换型)显示面板、VA(Vertical Alignment，垂直配向型)显示面板、MVA(Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment，多象限垂直配向型)显示面板，在此不做限定。所述背光模组20除了包括上述灯板200、支架100、灯珠300和盖板250外，还包括胶框30和光学组件40，所述胶框30固定在支架100的边框部130上，环绕盖板250设置，且胶框30的顶部高于灯珠300的顶部；光学组件40的边缘则固定在胶框30上，最后显示面板50可直接粘接在光学组件40上，也可固定在胶框30上。
以上内容是结合具体的可选实施方式对本申请所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本申请的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本申请的保护范围。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种背光模组，所述背光模组包括：
    支架，所述支架上设有至少一个灯板安装槽，所述支架上对应所述灯板安装槽的至少两侧设有散热口，所述散热口贯穿所述支架的侧壁；
    至少一个灯板，与所述灯板安装槽一一对应设置，固定在所述灯板安装槽内；所述灯板内部镂空形成空腔，所述空腔与所述支架上的散热口连通；以及
    多个灯珠，设置在所述灯板上，且所述灯珠的引脚延伸至所述空腔内；
    其中，所述支架和所述灯板形成所述背光模组的支撑结构。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述支架上设有多个所述灯板安装槽，且所述灯板安装槽为通槽，贯穿所述支架。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述支架上设有多个所述灯板安装槽，且所述灯板安装槽为盲槽，所述灯板安装槽未将所述支架贯穿。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，所述支架包括边框部和骨架部，所述骨架部由多条纵横交错的支干构成，所述边框部环绕所述骨架部设置；所述边框部的至少两侧对应所述灯板安装槽的位置设有所述散热口，每条所述支干中都设有气道，所述气道将所述支干对应所述灯板安装槽的两侧贯穿，所述散热口、气道和空腔形成散热通道。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的背光模组，其中，所述边框部的四侧都设有所述散热口，所述散热口设置在所述边框部中远离所述骨架部的一侧，且所述散热口为阵列排布的多孔状结构；
    所述边框部中朝向所述骨架部的一侧挖空形成镂空部，所述镂空部与所述空腔的一侧相对应。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的背光模组，其中，所述气道的截面形状、所述空腔的截面形状和所述镂空部的截面形状相同。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的背光模组，其中，所述散热口朝向所述灯板的横截面积，大于所述散热口远离所述灯板的横截面积。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的背光模组，其中，所述灯板包括顶板、支撑件和底板，所述支撑件位于所述顶板和所述底板之间，与所述顶板和所述底板连接，使所述顶板和所述底板之间形成所述空腔，所述灯珠的引脚贯穿所述顶板延伸至所述空腔内。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的背光模组，其中，所述底板的底部与所述支架的底部平齐，且所述底板与所述支架的间隙中填充有密封胶。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的背光模组，其中，所述顶板、支撑件和底板一体成型。
  11. 如权利要求8所述的背光模组，其中，所述支撑件包括四个角支撑柱和一个中部支撑柱，四个所述角支撑柱分别对应所述灯板的四个角落，分别连接所述顶板的四角和所述底板的四角；所述中部支撑柱位于所述灯板的中心，连接所述顶板的中心和所述底板的中心；
    所述空腔的宽度等于一个所述灯板中相邻两个角支撑柱之间的间距，所述气道的宽度不小于所述空腔的宽度。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的背光模组，其中，所述角支撑柱的水平截面为方形。
  13. 如权利要求8所述的背光模组，其中，所述背光模组还包括盖板，多个所述灯板的顶板阵列固定在所述盖板上，所述灯珠固定在所述盖板上，且所述灯珠的引脚贯穿所述盖板和所述顶板延伸至所述空腔内；
    所述盖板的边缘底部与所述边框部的顶部抵接，并粘接固定在所述边框部上。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的背光模组，其中，所述灯板与所述盖板为一体成型结构，所述支架为一体成型结构。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的背光模组，其中，所述支架由铝合金材料构成。
  16. 如权利要求4所述的背光模组，其中，所述支干为中空结构，所述骨架部中各支干的内部相连通。
  17. 一种背光模组，所述背光模组包括：
    支架，所述支架上设有多个灯板安装槽，所述灯板安装槽为通槽，贯穿所述支架；所述支架包括边框部和骨架部，所述骨架部由多条纵横交错的支干构成，所述边框部环绕所述骨架部设置；所述边框部的四侧对应所述灯板安装槽的位置设有散热口，每条所述支干中都设有气道，所述气道将所述支干对应所述灯板安装槽的两侧贯穿，所述散热口、气道和空腔形成散热通道；
    多个灯板，与所述灯板安装槽一一对应设置，固定在所述灯板安装槽内；所述灯板包括顶板、支撑件和底板，所述支撑件位于所述顶板和所述底板之间，与所述顶板和所述底板连接，使所述顶板和所述底板之间形成所述空腔；以及
    多个灯珠，设置在所述顶板上，且所述灯珠的引脚贯穿所述顶板延伸至所述空腔内；
    其中，所述支架和所述灯板形成所述背光模组的支撑结构。
  18. 一种显示装置，包括显示面板和背光模组，所述背光模组为所述显示面板提供背光，所述背光模组包括：
    支架，所述支架上设有至少一个灯板安装槽，所述支架上对应所述灯板安装槽的至少两侧设有散热口，所述散热口贯穿所述支架的侧壁；
    至少一个灯板，与所述灯板安装槽一一对应设置，固定在所述灯板安装槽内；所述灯板内部镂空形成空腔，所述空腔与所述支架上的散热口连通；以及
    多个灯珠，设置在所述灯板上，且所述灯珠的引脚延伸至所述空腔内；
    其中，所述支架和所述灯板形成所述背光模组的支撑结构。
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