WO2024017002A1 - 拉延冲孔模具 - Google Patents

拉延冲孔模具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024017002A1
WO2024017002A1 PCT/CN2023/104323 CN2023104323W WO2024017002A1 WO 2024017002 A1 WO2024017002 A1 WO 2024017002A1 CN 2023104323 W CN2023104323 W CN 2023104323W WO 2024017002 A1 WO2024017002 A1 WO 2024017002A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
punching
assembly
mold
punch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/104323
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵梦龙
石宽
伍建勇
张现华
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司
Publication of WO2024017002A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024017002A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/24—Perforating, i.e. punching holes
    • B21D28/34—Perforating tools; Die holders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/001—Shaping combined with punching, e.g. stamping and perforating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of molds, and specifically provides a drawing and punching mold.
  • Drawing dies and punching dies are important tools for the stamping production of automotive parts.
  • the drawing dies are responsible for forming the surface of the stamped parts, and the punching dies are responsible for cutting out the hole features of the parts.
  • the drawing dies and The punching mold is two sets of molds that are independent of each other. First, the drawing mold is used to form the profile, and then the punching mold is used to punch the formed profile.
  • the disadvantage of traditional independent molds is that after the drawing of the stamping parts is completed, they are transferred from the drawing mold to the punching mold, and then punched after secondary positioning. Due to unstable positioning, the parts move. Under this condition The position of the completed punching hole relative to the profile cannot be accurately guaranteed, especially for flat parts with large springback.
  • the present invention aims to solve the above technical problems, that is, it solves the problem that it is difficult for the existing mold to draw and punch the sheet at the same time, which causes deviations in the parts and makes it difficult to meet production standards. question.
  • the invention provides a drawing and punching mold.
  • the drawing and punching mold includes a first mold base, a second mold base, a concave mold assembly, a punch assembly, a blank holder, a pressing assembly and a punching assembly.
  • the first mold base and the second mold base are arranged correspondingly, the blank holder ring is set in the second mold holder, the punch assembly is set in the blank holder ring, the The female mold assembly is connected to the first mold base;
  • the female mold assembly is provided with an accommodating cavity that passes through the female mold assembly, and the pressing assembly is movably disposed in the accommodating cavity
  • the press assembly includes a press block and a press profile provided on the press block, and the punch assembly is provided with a partial profile that matches the press profile;
  • the punch The hole assembly includes a connected punch base and a punch.
  • the press block is provided with a through hole penetrating the press block.
  • the punch is movably disposed in the through hole.
  • the accommodation cavity includes a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity that are connected, and the second cavity and the third cavity are respectively Located on both sides of the first cavity, the cross-sectional area of the first cavity is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second cavity, and the cross-sectional area of the third cavity is larger than that of the third cavity.
  • the cross-sectional area of a cavity, the pressing block includes a first pressing block and a second pressing block, the pressing profile is arranged on the second pressing block, and the first pressing block is arranged to be able to Moving within the first cavity, the second pressure block is configured to move within the second cavity, and the third cavity is configured to accommodate the punch base.
  • a plurality of first guide members are provided on the first cavity, and a plurality of matching second guide members are provided on the first pressing block.
  • a plurality of first sliding members are provided on the inner wall of the first cavity, and matching second sliding members are provided on the first pressing block.
  • the first cavity and the first pressure block move relatively through the first sliding member and the second sliding member.
  • a plurality of first hard bumping blocks are provided in the first cavity, and a plurality of matching second hard bumping blocks are provided on the first pressing block.
  • the close proximity of the pressing block A nitrogen gas spring is provided on one side of the first mold base, and a matching nitrogen spring bumper is provided on the punch base.
  • a limiting member is provided on a side of the punch base close to the pressing block, and the limiting member is configured to be able to connect the first mold base and the When the second mold base is closed in place, it abuts against the pressing block.
  • the drawing and punching die further includes a waste material recovery component, and the waste material recovery component is configured to be able to recover the sheet material waste generated at the punching concave sleeve.
  • the waste material recovery member is a waste material slide plate
  • the punch assembly is provided with a first escape hole
  • the side wall of the blank holder is provided with a second escape hole.
  • the second mold base is provided with a third escape hole
  • the waste slide plate passes through the first escape hole, the second escape hole, and the third escape hole in sequence from the inside of the punch assembly. hole and extends to the outside of the second mold base.
  • the die assembly is provided with a plurality of first connection holes
  • the punch base is provided with a plurality of matching second connection holes
  • the fasteners Pass through the first connection hole and the second connection hole and fix to connect the punching component and the die component.
  • the drawing and punching mold of the present invention includes a first mold base, a second mold base, a female die assembly, a punch assembly, a blank holder, a pressing assembly and a punching assembly,
  • the first mold base and the second mold base are arranged correspondingly, the blank holder is arranged in the second mold holder, the male mold assembly is arranged in the blank holder, and the concave mold holder is arranged in the second mold holder.
  • the mold assembly is connected to the first mold base; the female mold assembly is provided with an accommodation cavity that passes through the female mold assembly, and the pressing assembly is movably arranged in the accommodation cavity,
  • the press assembly includes a press block and a press profile provided on the press block, and the punch assembly is provided with a partial profile that matches the press profile; the punching hole
  • the assembly includes a connected punch base and a punch.
  • the press block is provided with a through hole penetrating the press block.
  • the punch is movably disposed in the through hole.
  • the punch The component is provided with a punching concave sleeve that matches the punch.
  • the present invention can draw a local area of the sheet through the setting of the pressing profile and the partial profile, and the punch is movably arranged in the through hole. It can punch the sheet after drawing, while ensuring the accuracy of punching.
  • the present invention can prevent the pressing assembly from being disposed by matching the first pressing block and the first cavity, and the matching arrangement of the second pressing block and the second cavity. falling off in the accommodation cavity.
  • the present invention can also provide a guiding function during the movement of the press assembly through the arrangement of the first guide member and the second guide member, so as to facilitate the return of the press assembly to its original position when not working. Bit.
  • the present invention also facilitates the movement of the press assembly in the accommodation cavity through the arrangement of the first sliding member and the second sliding member.
  • the present invention can also prevent damage caused by collision between the pressing assembly and the accommodation cavity when the pressing assembly is descending through the arrangement of the first hard bumping block and the second hard bumping block.
  • the present invention can also make the pressing assembly automatically reset through the arrangement of the nitrogen spring.
  • the present invention can also limit the movement range of the pressing assembly and the punching assembly through the arrangement of the limiting member.
  • the present invention can also recycle waste materials after punching the sheet metal through the arrangement of the waste material recovery component.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of the structure of the drawing and punching die of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the receiving cavity of the die assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the punch assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of part of the structure in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of part of the structure in Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged view of part of the structure in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the partial structure of the die assembly, the pressing assembly and the punching assembly of the present invention after they are connected;
  • Figure 8 shows the first mold base, die assembly, pressing assembly and punching assembly of the present invention. Sectional view of part of the structure after connection;
  • Figure 9 is a structural diagram of the punching assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is an exploded view of the structure shown in Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a structural diagram of the pressing assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is an exploded view of the structure shown in Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the scrap slide of the drawing and punching die of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a structural diagram of the drawing and punching die of the present invention in its initial state
  • Figure 15 is an enlarged view of part of the structure in Figure 14;
  • Figure 16 is a structural diagram of the drawing and punching die of the present invention when performing local area drawing
  • Figure 17 is an enlarged view of part of the structure in Figure 16;
  • Figure 18 is a structural diagram of the drawing and punching die of the present invention when it is in a closed state
  • Figure 19 is an enlarged view of part of the structure in Figure 18;
  • Second guide plate 67. Nitrogen spring; 7. Punching component; 71. Punch base; 711, limit column hole; 712, second connection hole; 72, connecting column; 73, punch; 731, punch knife; 74, nitrogen spring hits hard block; 75, limit column.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection.
  • It can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediary, or it can be an internal connection between two components.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • the drawing and punching mold of the present invention includes a first mold base 1, a second mold base 2, a male mold assembly 3, a female mold assembly 4, and a blank holder. Ring 5, pressing assembly 6 and punching assembly 7, the first mold base 1 and the second mold base 2 are arranged correspondingly, the blank holder ring 5 is arranged in the second mold base 2, and the punch assembly 3 is arranged on the blank holder.
  • the female mold assembly 4 is connected to the first mold base 1; the female mold assembly 4 is provided with an accommodating cavity 41 that penetrates the female mold assembly 4, and the pressing assembly 6 is movably arranged in the accommodating cavity 41
  • the pressing assembly 6 includes a pressing block and a pressing profile 63 provided on the pressing block.
  • the punch assembly 3 is provided with a partial profile 33 that matches the pressing profile 63; the punching assembly 7 It includes a connected punch base 71 and a punch 73.
  • the press block is provided with a through hole 64 penetrating the press block.
  • the punch 73 is movably disposed in the through hole 64.
  • the punch assembly 3 is provided with a punching concave sleeve 36 that matches the punch 73.
  • the first mold base 1 is located above the second mold base 2, the blank holder 5 is sleeved in the second mold base 2, and the punch assembly 3 is sleeved in In the blank holder ring 5, when the second mold base 2, the blank holder ring 5 and the punch assembly 3 are connected in place, they together form the lower half of the drawing and punching mold.
  • the female mold assembly 4 is vertically
  • a receiving cavity 41 is provided in the direction, and the pressing assembly 6 is in contact with the inner wall of the receiving cavity 41.
  • the punching assembly 7 penetrates the pressing assembly 6 and is movably connected to the pressing assembly 6.
  • the die assembly 4 When the mold base 1, the die assembly 4, the pressing assembly 6 and the punching assembly 7 are connected in place, they together form the upper half of the drawing and punching mold.
  • the male mold assembly 3 and the female mold assembly 4 jointly complete the pressing of the overall profile of the sheet metal part
  • the pressing surface 63 and the local profile 33 jointly complete the pressing of the sheet metal part.
  • the punch 73 and the punching concave sleeve 36 jointly complete the punching of the local area of the sheet metal part after drawing.
  • the accommodation cavity 41 includes a first cavity 411, a second cavity 412 and a third cavity 413 that are connected, and the second cavity 412 and the third cavity 413 are respectively located on both sides of the first cavity 411.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first cavity 411 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the second cavity 412, and the cross-sectional area of the third cavity 413 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the first cavity 411.
  • the pressing block includes The first pressing block 61 and the second pressing block 62, the pressing profile 63 is arranged on the second pressing block 62, the first pressing block 61 is arranged to be able to move in the first cavity 411, and the second pressing block 62 is arranged to Movable within the second cavity 412 , the third cavity 413 is configured to accommodate the punch base 71 .
  • the shape of the first cavity 411 is a rectangular shape
  • the shape of the second cavity 412 is a cylindrical shape
  • the second cavity 412 is located between the first cavity 411 and Below
  • the shape of the third cavity 413 is a square
  • the third cavity 413 is located above the first cavity 411.
  • the horizontal cross-section area of the third cavity 413 and the horizontal cross-section of the first cavity 411 The area of and the area of the horizontal cross-section of the second cavity 412 decrease successively.
  • the first pressure block 61 and the second pressure block 62 are connected and form a whole.
  • the shape of the first pressure block 61 is consistent with the shape of the first cavity 411.
  • the shape of the second pressing block 62 matches the shape of the second cavity 412 and capable of moving up and down in the second cavity 412. Based on the above structural arrangement, the first The cooperation between the cavity 411 and the first pressing block 61 can prevent the pressing assembly 6 from falling off and facilitate the pressing assembly 6 to determine its initial position; the third cavity 413 is fixedly connected to the punch base 71 to facilitate the fixation of the punching assembly 7 On the die assembly 4.
  • the present invention does not place any restrictions on the specific shape and structure of the accommodation cavity 41.
  • the accommodation cavity 41 only includes the first cavity 411 and the second cavity 412 that are connected, the punch base 71 and the first mold base. 1 are connected and fixed; as long as the accommodating cavity 41 can accommodate the punching component 7 and can realize the movable arrangement of the press assembly 6 in the accommodating cavity 41, those skilled in the art can set it themselves according to the actual situation.
  • the first cavity 411 is provided with a plurality of first guide members
  • the first pressure block 61 is provided with a plurality of matching second guide members.
  • four guide bushing holes are provided on the bottom wall of the first cavity 411, and guide bushings 43 are provided in the guide bushing holes. See Figure 11. and 12, as shown in Figure The direction shown in 11 is the reference direction.
  • a second pressure block 62 is provided in the upper middle position of the first pressure block 61.
  • Four guide posts 65 are also provided above the first pressure block 61.
  • the four guide posts 65 surround the second pressure block 62.
  • the blocks 62 are circumferentially distributed.
  • the guide post 65 can be inserted into the guide sleeve 43.
  • the arrangement of the guide post 65 and the guide sleeve 43 can provide for the movement of the pressing assembly 6 in the accommodation cavity 41. guiding role.
  • first guide member and the second guide member One of the first guide member and the second guide member is a guide member.
  • the other one of the first guide member and the second guide member is the guide sleeve 43, and those skilled in the art can set it according to the actual situation.
  • first sliding members are provided on the inner wall of the first cavity 411, and matching second sliding members are provided on the first pressure block 61.
  • the first cavity 411 and the first sliding member The pressing block 61 moves relatively through the first sliding member and the second sliding member.
  • the first sliding member is a first guide plate 42, and two first guide plates 42 are provided on each of the four side walls of the first cavity 411. Refer to Figures 11 and 11. 12.
  • the second sliding member is a second guide plate 66. Two second guide plates 66 are provided on each of the four side walls of the first pressing block 61.
  • the pressing assembly 6 and the accommodation cavity 41 are connected.
  • first guide plate 42 and the second guide plate 66 When in place, the first guide plate 42 and the second guide plate 66 are abutted and connected, and can move relative to each other.
  • the arrangement of the first guide plate 42 and the second guide plate 66 can reduce the side wall of the first pressure block 61
  • the contact area with the side wall of the first cavity 411 is more conducive to the up and down movement of the pressing assembly 6 in the accommodation cavity 41 , and the first guide plate 42 and the second guide plate 66 move up and down in the pressing assembly 6 It can play a guiding role in the process.
  • first sliding member and the second sliding member are a slide groove
  • the other one of the first sliding member and the second sliding member is a slide block that matches the slide groove
  • first hard bumping blocks 44 are provided in the first cavity 411
  • second hard bumping blocks 611 are provided on the first pressing block 61 .
  • first hard blocks 44 are provided on the bottom wall of the first cavity 411, and both sides of each guide sleeve 43 are A first hard bumper block 44 is provided.
  • a plurality of second hard bumper blocks 611 are provided above the first pressure block 61, and second hard bumper blocks 611 are provided on both sides of each guide post 65.
  • the pressing material assembly 6 when the pressing material assembly 6 moves up and down in the accommodating cavity 41, it can prevent the first bumping hard block 44 from colliding with the second hard bumping block 611.
  • the contact surface between the pressing block 61 and the first cavity 411 causes damage.
  • the arrangement of the first hard hitting block 44 and the second hard hitting block 611 can accurately determine the initial position of the pressing material assembly 6 .
  • a nitrogen spring 67 is provided on the side of the pressing block close to the first mold base 1, and a matching nitrogen spring bumper block 74 is provided on the punch base 71. Between the first mold base 1 and the second mold base 74 When the seat 2 is closed in place, the nitrogen spring 67 is compressed and the nitrogen spring 67 and the nitrogen spring bumper block 74 are in contact with each other.
  • four nitrogen gas springs 67 are provided below the first pressing block 61.
  • a nitrogen spring bumper block 74 is provided above the punch base 71, and the pressing assembly 6 is in When the accommodating cavity 41 moves upward, it can move to a position where the nitrogen spring 67 and the nitrogen spring bumper block 78 are in contact. At this time, the nitrogen spring 67 is compressed.
  • a limiting member is provided on the side of the punch base 71 close to the pressing block, and the limiting member is configured to be able to be closed between the first mold base 1 and the second mold base 2 When in place, it contacts the press block.
  • a connecting post 72 is provided in the middle position above the punch base 71, a punch 73 is connected above the connecting post 72, a punch 731 is provided above the punch 73, and a through hole 64 passes through it.
  • the first pressing block 61 and the second pressing block 62, and the shape of the through hole 64 matches the shape of the connecting post 72, the punch 73 and the punching knife 731, and the connecting post 72, the punch 73 and the punching knife 731 are connected.
  • the latter structure can move relative to the through hole 64.
  • Four limiting column holes 711 are also provided above the punch base 71.
  • the limiting member is a limiting column 75, and the limiting column 75 is arranged in the limiting column hole. 711, when the pressing assembly 6 moves upward in the accommodation cavity 41, the punching knife 731 is exposed from the through hole 64.
  • the setting of the limiting column 75 can limit the exposed distance of the punching knife 731, thereby improving the accuracy of sheet metal punching. Spend.
  • the drawing and punching die further includes a waste material recovery component, which is configured to be able to recover sheet material waste generated at the punching concave sleeve 36 .
  • the male mold assembly 3 includes a male mold body 31, the male mold body 31 is provided with a male mold surface 32, and the female mold assembly 4 is provided with a concave mold surface that matches the male mold surface 32.
  • the model surface (not shown in the figure), the convex model surface 32 and the concave model surface jointly complete the pressing and forming of the sheet material.
  • the profile 32 is provided with a local profile 33 that is concave downward in a local area.
  • a punching concave sleeve 36 is provided in the local profile 33.
  • the punching knife 731 is inserted into the punching concave sleeve 36 to complete the punching.
  • the punching concave sleeve 36 is The waste material recycling component is provided below, and the waste material recycling component recycles the waste material generated by punching.
  • the waste material recovery member is a waste material slide 35.
  • the punch assembly 3 is provided with a first escape hole 34, and the side wall of the blank holder 5 is A second escape hole 51 is provided, and a third escape hole 21 is provided on the second mold base 2.
  • the scrap slide 35 passes through the first escape hole 34, the second escape hole 51 and the third escape hole 34 from the inside of the punch assembly 3.
  • the escape hole 21 extends to the outside of the second mold base 2 .
  • the scrap slide 35 is arranged at an angle, and the scrap falls onto the scrap slide 35 and then slides to the outside of the second mold base 2, which will not cause congestion of the scrap.
  • the waste recovery component is a recovery box, and the recovery box is detachably provided on the punch body.
  • the recovery box is detachably provided on the punch body.
  • the die assembly 4 is provided with a plurality of first connection holes 4131
  • the punch base 71 is provided with a plurality of matching second connection holes 712
  • the fasteners pass through the first connection holes.
  • the hole 4131 and the second connecting hole 712 are fixed to connect the punching assembly 7 and the die assembly 4 .
  • the bottom wall of the third cavity 413 is provided with four first connection holes 4131
  • the punch base 71 is provided with four matching second connection holes 712.
  • the fasteners fix the first connection holes.
  • the hole 4131 and the second connection hole 712 realize the fixation of the punching assembly 7 and the die assembly 4 .
  • the drawing and punching die is in an inoperative state, the nitrogen spring 67 is not compressed, the first hard block 44 and the second hard block 611 are in contact with each other, and the guide post 65 is located in the guide sleeve 43.
  • the pressing surface 63 on the second pressing block 62 is lower than the concave mold surface of the female mold assembly 4, and the first mold base 1 and the second mold base 2 are in an unclosed state.
  • the first mold base 1 moves downward, the pressing surface 63 first contacts the sheet, the nitrogen spring 67 is compressed, and the nitrogen spring 67 provides a reaction force, so that the pressing surface 63 and the local mold
  • the surface 33 jointly completes the drawing of a local area of the sheet material, and the convex model surface 32 and the concave model surface on the female mold assembly 4 jointly compress the entire sheet material to compress and form the entire sheet material.
  • the first mold base 1 continues to move downward, and the first mold base 1
  • the hard block 44 and the second hard block 611 are separated, and the pressing assembly 6 moves upward in the accommodation cavity 41, so that the punching knife 731 is exposed outside the pressing surface 63 until the limiting column 75 and the first pressing block 61 are in contact.
  • the nitrogen spring 67 is compressed to the shortest length
  • the pressing surface 63 and the local profile 33 jointly press the sheet material between them
  • the punching knife 731 is inserted into the punching concave sleeve 36 to complete the local area drawing of the sheet material.
  • the waste material after completion of punching falls into the waste material chute 35 from below the punching concave sleeve 36, and is discharged from the waste material chute 35 to the outside of the drawing and punching mold.
  • the compression molding of the female die assembly 4 and the punch assembly 3 of the drawing and punching die of the present invention is used for processing and forming the outer panel of the vehicle front cover, and the pressing profile 63 and the partial profile 33 are used for the outer panel of the vehicle front cover.
  • the pressing profile 63 and the partial profile 33 are used for the outer panel of the vehicle front cover.
  • the present invention does not place any restrictions on the application scenarios of the drawing and punching mold. It can also be applied to drawing and punching local areas of other parts. Those skilled in the art can set it according to the actual situation.
  • the depth of the punching knife 731 of the drawing and punching die into the punching concave sleeve 36 is 5mm, and the stroke of the pressing assembly 6 is set to 10mm.
  • the tool body simulates the forming force required for local area drawing.
  • the front cover outer plate is taken as an example.
  • the simulated forming force is 1.8T.
  • Four X750 nitrogen gas springs are used to provide an initial pressing force of 3T. The simulation is confirmed to meet the forming requirements.
  • the 4mm sheet material is drawn into place only after the punching is completed. During this 4mm drawing process, the punching shape will inevitably expand outward. It has been measured that the peripheral expansion is between 0.02mm and 0.08mm. Therefore, when selecting the cutting edge size of the punching tool 731, -0.1mm should be processed based on the target aperture. For example, if the target aperture is 10mm, then the Basically, the processing is -0.1mm, and the punching aperture is 9.9mm. It should be noted that the present invention does not impose any restrictions on the specific aperture value of the target aperture, and those skilled in the art can set it by themselves according to the actual situation.
  • the punching direction in the drawing process needs to be fine-tuned according to the punching angle requirements.
  • the punching angle is 16.8°.
  • the mold profile and plate can be adjusted without changing the punching angle.
  • the punching angle becomes 9.8°, without changing the original drawing depth and material utilization, and it is verified that the formability of the part remains unchanged.
  • the outer plate of the front cover can be rotated within 20° based on the conventional stamping direction without worrying about lateral force problems. At the same time, the pressing surface of the outer plate of the front cover is flatter. After simulation verification, there is no need to worry about unstable positioning of the piece. Problems arise.
  • the drawing and punching die of the present invention can draw a local area of the sheet through the arrangement of the pressing profile 63 and the local profile 33, and the punch 73 is movably arranged in the passage.
  • punching can be performed after the sheet material is drawn, while ensuring the accuracy of punching.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种拉延冲孔模具，包括第一模座（1）、第二模座（2）、凹模组件（4）、凸模组件（3）、压边圈（5）、压料组件（6）和冲孔组件（7），第一模座和第二模座呈对应设置，压边圈设置在第二模座内，凸模组件设置在压边圈内，凹模组件和第一模座相连；凹模组件上设置有容纳腔（41），压料组件以可移动的方式设置在容纳腔内，压料组件包括压料块以及设置在压料块上的压料型面（63），凸模组件上设置有局部型面（33）；冲孔组件包括相连的冲头底座（71）和冲头（73），压料块上设置有通孔（64），冲头以可移动的方式设置在通孔内，凸模组件上设置冲孔凹套（36）。压料型面和局部型面能够对板料的局部区域进行拉延，通过冲头和通孔的设置保证了冲孔的精确度。

Description

拉延冲孔模具
本申请要求2022年07月22日提交的、发明名称为“拉延冲孔模具”的中国专利申请CN202210873280.1的优先权，上述中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用并入本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及模具技术领域，具体提供一种拉延冲孔模具。
背景技术
拉延模具与冲孔模具是汽车零件冲压生产的重要工具，拉延模具负责冲压零件型面部分成形，冲孔模具负责零件孔类特征的冲裁切除，在传统冲压工艺中，拉延模具与冲孔模具是互相独立的两套模具，先通过拉延模具成形出型面，再通过冲孔模具在已经成形的型面上完成冲孔。传统独立式模具的弊端在于，冲压零件拉延完成后，从拉延模具中转移到冲孔模具中，经过二次定位后再进行冲孔，由于定位不稳导致零件窜动，在此条件下完成的冲孔，其相对于型面的位置度无法得到精确保证，特别是对于回弹较大的平坦零件，定位精度差导致孔位偏差，且不同批次零件偏差值不一致，模具反复整改均无法满足匹配要求，影响整车制造精度，造成大量人力和物力浪费。综上所述，现有模具难以同时对板料的局部区域进行拉延和冲孔而导致零件产生偏差难以满足生产标准。
相应地，本领域需要一种新的拉延冲孔模具来解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决上述技术问题，即，解决现有模具难以同时对板料进行拉延和冲孔进而导致零件产生偏差难以满足生产标准的问 题。
本发明提供一种拉延冲孔模具，所述拉延冲孔模具包括第一模座、第二模座、凹模组件、凸模组件、压边圈、压料组件和冲孔组件，所述第一模座和所述第二模座呈对应设置，所述压边圈设置在所述第二模座内，所述凸模组件设置在所述压边圈内，所述凹模组件和所述第一模座相连；所述凹模组件上设置有贯穿所述凹模组件的容纳腔，所述压料组件以可移动的方式设置在所述容纳腔内，所述压料组件包括压料块以及设置在所述压料块上的压料型面，所述凸模组件上设置有与所述压料型面相匹配的局部型面；所述冲孔组件包括相连的冲头底座和冲头，所述压料块上设置有贯穿所述压料块的通孔，所述冲头以可移动的方式设置在所述通孔内，所述凸模组件上设置有与所述冲头相匹配的冲孔凹套。
在上述拉延冲孔模具的优选技术方案中，所述容纳腔包括相连通的第一腔体、第二腔体和第三腔体，所述第二腔体和所述第三腔体分别位于所述第一腔体的两侧，所述第一腔体的横截面的面积大于所述第二腔体的横截面的面积，所述第三腔体的横截面的面积大于所述第一腔体的横截面的面积，所述压料块包括第一压块和第二压块，所述压料型面设置在所述第二压块上，所述第一压块设置成能够在所述第一腔体内移动，所述第二压块设置成能够在所述第二腔体内移动，所述第三腔体设置成能够容纳所述冲头底座。
在上述拉延冲孔模具的优选技术方案中，所述第一腔体上设置有多个第一导向构件，所述第一压块上设置有多个相匹配的第二导向构件。
在上述拉延冲孔模具的优选技术方案中，所述第一腔体的内壁上设置有多个第一滑动构件，所述第一压块上设置有相匹配的第二滑动构件，所述第一腔体和所述第一压块通过所述第一滑动构件和所述第二滑动构件相对移动。
在上述拉延冲孔模具的优选技术方案中，所述第一腔体内设置有多个第一碰硬块，所述第一压块上设置有多个相匹配的第二碰硬块。
在上述拉延冲孔模具的优选技术方案中，所述压料块的靠近 所述第一模座的一侧设置有氮气弹簧，所述冲头底座上设置有相匹配的氮气弹簧碰硬块，在所述第一模座和所述第二模座闭合到位的情况下，所述氮气弹簧被压缩且所述氮气弹簧和所述氮气弹簧碰硬块抵接相连。
在上述拉延冲孔模具的优选技术方案中，所述冲头底座的靠近所述压料块的一侧设置有限位构件，所述限位构件设置成能够在所述第一模座和所述第二模座闭合到位的情况下和所述压料块抵接。
在上述拉延冲孔模具的优选技术方案中，所述拉延冲孔模具还包括废料回收构件，所述废料回收构件设置成能够回收所述冲孔凹套处所产生的板料废料。
在上述拉延冲孔模具的优选技术方案中，所述废料回收构件为废料滑板，所述凸模组件上设置有第一避让孔，所述压边圈的侧壁上设置有第二避让孔，所述第二模座上设置有第三避让孔，所述废料滑板自所述凸模组件内部依次穿过所述第一避让孔、所述第二避让孔和所述第三避让孔并延伸至所述第二模座外。
在上述拉延冲孔模具的优选技术方案中，所述凹模组件上设置有多个第一连接孔，所述冲头底座上设置有多个相匹配的第二连接孔，紧固件穿过所述第一连接孔和所述第二连接孔并固定以连接所述冲孔组件和所述凹模组件。
在采用上述技术方案的情况下，本发明的拉延冲孔模具包括第一模座、第二模座、凹模组件、凸模组件、压边圈、压料组件和冲孔组件，所述第一模座和所述第二模座呈对应设置，所述压边圈设置在所述第二模座内，所述凸模组件设置在所述压边圈内，所述凹模组件和所述第一模座相连；所述凹模组件上设置有贯穿所述凹模组件的容纳腔，所述压料组件以可移动的方式设置在所述容纳腔内，所述压料组件包括压料块以及设置在所述压料块上的压料型面，所述凸模组件上设置有与所述压料型面相匹配的局部型面；所述冲孔组件包括相连的冲头底座和冲头，所述压料块上设置有贯穿所述压料块的通孔，所述冲头以可移动的方式设置在所述通孔内，所述凸模组件上设置与所述冲头相匹配的冲孔凹套。本发明通过所述压料型面和所述局部型面的设置能够对板料的局部区域进行拉延，通过所述冲头以可移动的方式设置在所述通孔内而 能够在板料拉延后进行冲孔，同时保证了冲孔的精确度。
进一步地，本发明还通过所述第一压块和所述第一腔体的相匹配设置，所述第二压块和所述第二腔体的相匹配设置能够防止所述压料组件在所述容纳腔内脱落。
进一步地，本发明还通过所述第一导向构件和所述第二导向构件的设置，在所述压料组件移动的过程中能够提供导向作用，便于所述压料组件在未工作时恢复原位。
进一步地，本发明还通过所述第一滑动构件和所述第二滑动构件的设置方便所述压料组件在所述容纳腔内的移动。
进一步地，本发明还通过所述第一碰硬块和所述第二碰硬块的设置能够在所述压料组件在下降时防止所述压料组件和所述容纳腔的碰撞而造成破坏。
进一步地，本发明还通过所述氮气弹簧的设置能够使得所述压料组件自动复位。
进一步地，本发明还通过所述限位构件的设置，能够限制所述压料组件和所述冲孔组件的移动范围。
进一步地，本发明还通过所述废料回收构件的设置能够对板料冲孔后的废料进行回收。
附图说明
下面结合附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式，附图中：
图1是本发明的拉延冲孔模具的结构爆炸图；
图2是本发明的凹模组件的容纳腔处的剖面图；
图3是本发明的凸模组件的结构图；
图4是图3中的部分结构放大图；
图5是图3中的部分结构的剖面图；
图6是图5中的部分结构放大图；
图7是本发明的凹模组件、压料组件和冲孔组件连接后的部分结构的剖面图；
图8是本发明的第一模座、凹模组件、压料组件和冲孔组件 连接后的部分结构的剖面图；
图9是本发明的冲孔组件的结构图；
图10是图9中所示结构的爆炸图；
图11是本发明的压料组件的结构图；
图12是图11中所示结构的爆炸图；
图13是本发明的拉延冲孔模具的废料滑道处的剖视图；
图14是本发明的拉延冲孔模具处于初始状态时的结构图；
图15是图14中的部分结构放大图；
图16是本发明的拉延冲孔模具进行局部区域拉延时的结构图；
图17是图16中的部分结构放大图；
图18是本发明的拉延冲孔模具处于闭合状态时的结构图；
图19是图18中的部分结构放大图；
附图标记：
1、第一模座；2、第二模座；21、第三避让孔；3、凸模组件；31、凸模本体；32、凸模型面；33、局部型面；34、第一避让孔；35、废料滑道；36、冲孔凹套；4、凹模组件；41、容纳腔；411、第一腔体；412、第二腔体；413、第三腔体；4131、第一连接孔；42、第一导板；43、导套；44、第一碰硬块；5、压边圈；51、第二避让孔；6、压料组件；61、第一压块；611、第二碰硬块；62、第二压块；63、压料型面；64、通孔；65、导柱；66、第二导板；67、氮气弹簧；7、冲孔组件；71、冲头底座；711、限位柱孔；712、第二连接孔；72、连接柱；73、冲头；731、冲刀；74、氮气弹簧碰硬块；75、限位柱。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其作出调整，以便适应具体的应用场合。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、 “内”、“外”、“靠近”等指示的方向或位置关系的术语是基于附图所示的方向或位置关系，这仅仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所述装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
首先参阅图1至12，如图1至12所示，本发明的拉延冲孔模具包括第一模座1、第二模座2、凸模组件3、凹模组件4、压边圈5、压料组件6和冲孔组件7，第一模座1和第二模座2呈对应设置，压边圈5设置在第二模座2内，凸模组件3设置在压边圈5内，凹模组件4和第一模座1相连；凹模组件4上设置有贯穿凹模组件4的容纳腔41，压料组件6以可移动的方式设置在容纳腔41内，压料组件6包括压料块以及设置在压料块上的压料型面63，凸模组件3上设置有与压料型面63相匹配的局部型面33；冲孔组件7包括相连的冲头底座71和冲头73，所述压料块上设置有贯穿所述压料块的通孔64，冲头73以可移动的方式设置在通孔64内，凸模组件3上设置有与冲头73相匹配的冲孔凹套36。
具体而言，以图1所示方向为基准方向，第一模座1位于第二模座2的上方，压边圈5套接在第二模座2内，凸模组件3套接在压边圈5内，在第二模座2、压边圈5和凸模组件3连接到位的情况下共同组成所述拉延冲孔模具的下半部分，凹模组件4在竖直方向上设置有贯穿其的容纳腔41，压料组件6和容纳腔41的内壁抵接相连，冲孔组件7贯穿压料组件6且与压料组件6以可移动的方式相连，在第一模座1、凹模组件4、压料组件6和冲孔组件7连接到位的情况下共同组成所述拉延冲孔模具的上半部分，在所述拉延冲孔模具的上半部分和下半部分闭合到位的情况下，凸模组件3和凹模组件4共同完成对板料零件整体型面压紧，压料型面63和局部型面33共同完成对板料零件的局部区域进行 拉延，冲头73和冲孔凹套36共同完成对板料零件的局部区域拉延后的冲孔。
优选地，容纳腔41包括相连通的第一腔体411、第二腔体412和第三腔体413，第二腔体412和第三腔体413分别位于第一腔体411的两侧，第一腔体411的横截面的面积大于第二腔体412的横截面的面积，第三腔体413的横截面的面积大于第一腔体411的横截面的面积，所述压料块包括第一压块61和第二压块62，压料型面63设置在第二压块62上，第一压块61设置成能够在第一腔体411内移动，第二压块62设置成能够在第二腔体412内移动，第三腔体413设置成能够容纳冲头底座71。
具体而言，以图2所示方向为基准方向，第一腔体411的形状为四方体状，第二腔体412的形状为圆柱状，且第二腔体412位于第一腔体411的下方，第三腔体413的形状为四方体状，且第三腔体413位于第一腔体411的上方，第三腔体413的水平横截面的面积、第一腔体411的水平横截面的面积和第二腔体412的水平横截面的面积依次减小，第一压块61和第二压块62相连且为一个整体，第一压块61的形状与第一腔体411的形状相匹配且能够在第一腔体411内上下移动，第二压块62的形状与第二腔体412的形状相匹配且能够在第二腔体412内上下移动，基于上述结构设置，第一腔体411和第一压块61的配合能够防止压料组件6的脱落，同时便于压料组件6确定其初始位置；第三腔体413和冲头底座71固定连接，便于冲孔组件7固定在凹模组件4上。
需要说明的是，本发明不对容纳腔41的具体形状结构作任何限制，例如，容纳腔41仅仅包括相连通的第一腔体411和第二腔体412，冲头底座71和第一模座1相连固定；只要是能够满足容纳腔41能够容纳承载冲孔组件7且能够实现压料组件6在容纳腔41的可移动设置即可，本领域技术人员可根据实际情况自行设定。
进一步地，在本优选实施例中，第一腔体411上设置有多个第一导向构件，第一压块61上设置有多个相匹配的第二导向构件。具体而言，参阅图2，以图2所示方向为基准方向，第一腔体411的底壁上设置有四个导套孔，所述导套孔内设置有导套43，参阅图11和12，以图 11所示方向为基准方向，第一压块61的上方中间位置设置有第二压块62，第一压块61的上方还设置有四个导柱65，四个导柱65围绕第二压块62呈周向分布，接下来参阅图7和8，导柱65能够插接进导套43中，导柱65和导套43的设置能够为压料组件6在容纳腔41内的移动提供导向作用。
需要说明的是，本发明不对所述第一导向构件和所述第二导向构件的具体结构和具体设置数量作任何限制，所述第一导向构件和所述第二导向构件中的一个为导柱65，所述第一导向构件和所述第二导向构件中的另一个为导套43即可，本领域技术人员可根据实际情况自行设定。
此外，在本优选实施例中，第一腔体411的内壁上设置有多个第一滑动构件，第一压块61上设置有相匹配的第二滑动构件，第一腔体411和第一压块61通过所述第一滑动构件和所述第二滑动构件相对移动。具体而言，参阅图2，所述第一滑动构件为第一导板42，第一腔体411的四个侧壁中每个侧壁上均设置有两个第一导板42，参阅图11和12，所述第二滑动构件为第二导板66，第一压块61的四个侧壁中每个侧壁上均设置有两个第二导板66，在压料组件6和容纳腔41连接到位的情况下，第一导板42和第二导板66抵接相连，且两者之间能够发生相对移动，第一导板42和第二导板66的设置能够减小第一压块61的侧壁与第一腔体411的侧壁之间的接触面积，进而更有利于压料组件6在容纳腔41内的上下移动，且第一导板42和第二导板66在压料组件6的上下移动过程中能够起到导向的作用。
需要说明的是，本发明不对所述第一滑动构件和所述第二滑动构件的具体结构和具体设置数量作任何限制，例如，所述第一滑动构件和所述第二滑动构件中的一个为滑槽，所述第一滑动构件和所述第二滑动构件中的另一个为和所述滑槽相匹配的滑块，本领域技术人员可根据实际情况自行设定。
进一步地，第一腔体411内设置有多个第一碰硬块44，第一压块61上设置有多个相匹配的第二碰硬块611。具体而言，参阅图2，第一腔体411底壁上设置有多个第一碰硬块44，且每个导套43的两侧均 设置有第一碰硬块44，参阅图11和12，第一压块61上方设置有多个第二碰硬块611，且每个导柱65的两侧均设置有第二碰硬块611，在压料组件6和容纳腔41连接到位的情况下，第一碰硬块44和第二碰硬块611抵接相连，基于上述结构设置，压料组件6在容纳腔41内上下移动时，能够防止对第一压块61和第一腔体411的接触面造成破坏，同时第一碰硬块44和第二碰硬块611的设置能够精确压料组件6的初始位置。
优选地，所述压料块的靠近第一模座1的一侧设置有氮气弹簧67，冲头底座71上设置有相匹配的氮气弹簧碰硬块74，在第一模座1和第二模座2闭合到位的情况下，氮气弹簧67被压缩且氮气弹簧67和氮气弹簧碰硬块74抵接相连。具体而言，参阅图11和12，第一压块61的下方设置有四个氮气弹簧67，参阅图9和10，冲头底座71的上方设置有氮气弹簧碰硬块74，压料组件6在容纳腔41内向上移动时，能够移动至氮气弹簧67和氮气弹簧碰硬块78相抵接的位置，此时氮气弹簧67被压缩。
进一步地，在本优选实施例中，冲头底座71的靠近所述压料块的一侧设置有限位构件，所述限位构件设置成能够在第一模座1和第二模座2闭合到位的情况下和所述压料块抵接。具体而言，参阅图9至12，冲头底座71上方的中间位置设置有连接柱72，连接柱72的上方连接有冲头73，冲头73的上方设置有冲刀731，通孔64贯穿第一压块61和第二压块62，且通孔64的形状与连接柱72、冲头73和冲刀731连接后的形状相匹配，且连接柱72、冲头73和冲刀731连接后的结构能够与通孔64发生相对移动，冲头底座71的上方还设置有四个限位柱孔711，所述限位构件为限位柱75，限位柱75设置在限位柱孔711内，压料组件6在容纳腔41内向上移动时，使得冲刀731由通孔64内露出，限位柱75的设置能够限制冲刀731露出的距离，进而提升板料冲孔的精确度。
优选地，所述拉延冲孔模具还包括废料回收构件，所述废料回收构件设置成能够回收冲孔凹套36处所产生的板料废料。具体而言，参阅图3至6，凸模组件3包括凸模本体31，凸模本体31上设置有凸模型面32，凹模组件4上设置有和凸模型面32相匹配的凹模型面(图中未示出)，凸模型面32和所述凹模型面共同完成对板料的压紧成型，凸模 型面32上设置有局部区域向下凹陷的局部型面33，局部型面33内设置有冲孔凹套36，冲刀731刃入冲孔凹套36内完成冲孔，冲孔凹套36的下方设置有所述废料回收构件，所述废料回收构件将冲孔产生的废料进行回收。
接下来参阅图13，具体地，作为一种优选的设置方式，所述废料回收构件为废料滑道35，凸模组件3上设置有第一避让孔34，压边圈5的侧壁上设置有第二避让孔51，第二模座2上设置有第三避让孔21，废料滑道35自凸模组件3内部依次穿过第一避让孔34、第二避让孔51和第三避让孔21并延伸至第二模座2外。废料滑道35倾斜设置，废料落至废料滑道35后滑至第二模座2外，不会造成废料的拥堵。
需要说明的是，本发明不对废料回收构件的具体结构作任何限制，例如，在一种可行的实施例中，废料回收构件为回收箱，所述回收箱以可拆卸的方式设置在凸模本体31内，本领域技术人员可根据实际情情况自行设定。
接下来参阅图7和8，凹模组件4上设置有多个第一连接孔4131，冲头底座71上设置有多个相匹配的第二连接孔712，紧固件穿过第一连接孔4131和第二连接孔712并固定以连接冲孔组件7和凹模组件4。具体而言，第三腔体413的底壁上设置有四个第一连接孔4131，冲头底座71上设置有四个相匹配的第二连接孔712，所述紧固件固定第一连接孔4131和第二连接孔712实现冲孔组件7和凹模组件4的固定。
所述拉延冲孔模具的工作过程如下：
参阅图14和15，所述拉延冲孔模具处于未工作的状态，氮气弹簧67未被压缩，第一碰硬块44和第二碰硬块611抵接相连，导柱65位于导套43内，第二压块62上的压料型面63低于凹模组件4的凹模型面，第一模座1和第二模座2处于未闭合的状态。
接下来参阅图16和17，第一模座1向下移动，压料型面63最先接触板料，氮气弹簧67被压缩，氮气弹簧67提供反作用力，使得压料型面63和局部型面33共同完成板料局部区域的拉延，凸模型面32与凹模组件4上的凹模型面共同压紧板料的整体使得板料整体压紧成型。
接下来参阅图18和19，第一模座1继续向下移动，第一碰 硬块44和第二碰硬块611相分离，压料组件6在容纳腔41内向上移动，使得冲刀731露出至压料型面63外，直至限位柱75和第一压块61相抵接，此时氮气弹簧67被压缩至最短，压料型面63和局部型面33共同压紧其之间的板料，且冲刀731刃入冲孔凹套36中，完成板料局部区域拉延后的冲孔，冲孔完成后的废料从冲孔凹套36下方落入废料滑道35中，由废料滑道35排出至所述拉延冲孔模具外部。
本发明的拉延冲孔模具的凹模组件4和凸模组件3压紧成型用于车辆前盖外板的加工成型，压料型面63和局部型面33用于车辆前盖外板Logo安装定位孔的加工，通过压料组件6和冲孔组件7的设置能够精准对前盖外板的局部区域进行拉延冲孔，防止出现加工偏差造成Logo安装偏位。
需要说明的是，本发明不对拉延冲孔模具的应用场景作任何限制，其还可以应用在其他零部件的局部区域的拉延冲孔，本领域技术人员可根据实际情况自行设定。
所述拉延冲孔模具的冲刀731刃入冲孔凹套36的深度为5mm，压料组件6行程设置为10mm，具体而言，在第一模座1和第二第二模座2闭合到位前10mm，完成板料的局部区域的拉延，在第一模座1和第二模座2闭合到位前4mm(扣除板料厚度)，完成局部区域的冲孔，通过AutoForm软件设置独立工具体，模拟局部区域拉延所需成形力，以前盖外板为例，模拟成形力1.8T，使用四个X750氮气弹簧，可提供3T初始压紧力，经模拟确认可满足成形要求。
由于冲孔发生时第一模座1和第二模座2尚未闭合到位，冲孔完成后4mm板料才拉延到位，在这4mm拉延过程中，冲孔形状不可避免出现外扩现象，经测定，周圈外扩量在0.02mm～0.08mm之间，因此在选择冲刀731刃口尺寸时，在目标孔径的基础上作-0.1mm处理，例如，目标孔径为10mm，则在其基础上作-0.1mm处理，冲孔孔径为9.9mm，需要说明的是，本发明不对目标孔径的具体孔径的数值作任何限制，本领域技术人员可根据实际情况自行设定。
拉延工序冲压方向需要根据冲孔角度需求微调，初始冲压方向下，冲孔角度为16.8°，为保证冲孔精度，可在不改变模具型面及板 料形状的前提下，将冲压方向整体绕车身Y轴方向旋转7°后，冲孔角度变为9.8°，不改变原始拉延深度及材料利用率，经验证零件成形性保持不变。
前盖外板可允许在常规冲压方向基础上进行20°以内转角，而不用担心出现侧向力问题，同时前盖外板压料面更为平坦，经过模拟验证，无需担心料片定位不稳问题的出现。
综上所述，本发明的拉延冲孔模具，通过压料型面63和局部型面33的设置能够对板料的局部区域进行拉延，通过冲头73以可移动的方式设置在通孔64内，能够在板料拉延后进行冲孔，同时保证了冲孔的精确度。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种拉延冲孔模具，其特征在于，所述拉延冲孔模具包括第一模座、第二模座、凹模组件、凸模组件、压边圈、压料组件和冲孔组件，
    所述第一模座和所述第二模座呈对应设置，所述压边圈设置在所述第二模座内，所述凸模组件设置在所述压边圈内，所述凹模组件和所述第一模座相连；
    所述凹模组件上设置有贯穿所述凹模组件的容纳腔，所述压料组件以可移动的方式设置在所述容纳腔内，所述压料组件包括压料块以及设置在所述压料块上的压料型面，所述凸模组件上设置有与所述压料型面相匹配的局部型面；
    所述冲孔组件包括相连的冲头底座和冲头，所述压料块上设置有贯穿所述压料块的通孔，所述冲头以可移动的方式设置在所述通孔内，所述凸模组件上设置有与所述冲头相匹配的冲孔凹套。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的拉延冲孔模具，其特征在于，所述容纳腔包括相连通的第一腔体、第二腔体和第三腔体，所述第二腔体和所述第三腔体分别位于所述第一腔体的两侧，所述第一腔体的横截面的面积大于所述第二腔体的横截面的面积，所述第三腔体的横截面的面积大于所述第一腔体的横截面的面积，所述压料块包括第一压块和第二压块，所述压料型面设置在所述第二压块上，所述第一压块设置成能够在所述第一腔体内移动，所述第二压块设置成能够在所述第二腔体内移动，所述第三腔体设置成能够容纳所述冲头底座。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的拉延冲孔模具，其特征在于，所述第一腔体上设置有多个第一导向构件，所述第一压块上设置有多个相匹配的第二导向构件。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的拉延冲孔模具，其特征在于，所述第一腔体的内壁上设置有多个第一滑动构件，所述第一压块上设置有相匹配的 第二滑动构件，所述第一腔体和所述第一压块通过所述第一滑动构件和所述第二滑动构件相对移动。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的拉延冲孔模具，其特征在于，所述第一腔体内设置有多个第一碰硬块，所述第一压块上设置有多个相匹配的第二碰硬块。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的拉延冲孔模具，其特征在于，所述压料块的靠近所述第一模座的一侧设置有氮气弹簧，所述冲头底座上设置有相匹配的氮气弹簧碰硬块，在所述第一模座和所述第二模座闭合到位的情况下，所述氮气弹簧被压缩且所述氮气弹簧和所述氮气弹簧碰硬块抵接相连。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的拉延冲孔模具，其特征在于，所述冲头底座的靠近所述压料块的一侧设置有限位构件，所述限位构件设置成能够在所述第一模座和所述第二模座闭合到位的情况下和所述压料块抵接。
  8. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的拉延冲孔模具，其特征在于，所述拉延冲孔模具还包括废料回收构件，所述废料回收构件设置成能够回收所述冲孔凹套处所产生的板料废料。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的拉延冲孔模具，其特征在于，所述废料回收构件为废料滑板，所述凸模组件上设置有第一避让孔，所述压边圈的侧壁上设置有第二避让孔，所述第二模座上设置有第三避让孔，所述废料滑板自所述凸模组件内部依次穿过所述第一避让孔、所述第二避让孔和所述第三避让孔并延伸至所述第二模座外。
  10. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的拉延冲孔模具，其特征在于，所述凹模组件上设置有多个第一连接孔，所述冲头底座上设置有多个相匹配的第二连接孔，紧固件穿过所述第一连接孔和所述第二连接孔 并固定以连接所述冲孔组件和所述凹模组件。
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CN106040874A (zh) * 2016-08-09 2016-10-26 沙洲职业工学院 一种汽车减震器钣金件修边冲孔模具
CN206382427U (zh) * 2016-12-20 2017-08-08 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 带有预压块的拉延模具
CN107052162A (zh) * 2017-06-28 2017-08-18 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 冲压拉延模具
CN107262602A (zh) * 2017-07-05 2017-10-20 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 两序模具组
CN112570556A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-03-30 凯龙高科技股份有限公司 一种板料拉伸冲孔模具
CN115229039A (zh) * 2022-07-22 2022-10-25 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 拉延冲孔模具

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