WO2024016468A1 - 一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备 - Google Patents

一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024016468A1
WO2024016468A1 PCT/CN2022/120642 CN2022120642W WO2024016468A1 WO 2024016468 A1 WO2024016468 A1 WO 2024016468A1 CN 2022120642 W CN2022120642 W CN 2022120642W WO 2024016468 A1 WO2024016468 A1 WO 2024016468A1
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Prior art keywords
rod
recycling
fixedly installed
fixedly connected
barrel
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PCT/CN2022/120642
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢英豪
李爱霞
张学梅
余海军
李长东
Original Assignee
广东邦普循环科技有限公司
湖南邦普循环科技有限公司
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Application filed by 广东邦普循环科技有限公司, 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 filed Critical 广东邦普循环科技有限公司
Priority to DE112022000880.6T priority Critical patent/DE112022000880T5/de
Priority to GBGB2313089.1A priority patent/GB202313089D0/en
Publication of WO2024016468A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024016468A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/70—Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
    • B09B2101/15—Electronic waste
    • B09B2101/16—Batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of battery slurry recycling and processing, and is specifically an efficient pretreatment and recycling equipment for used batteries.
  • lithium-ion batteries are widely used in many fields due to their advantages of high energy density, light weight and service life.
  • the main parts of lithium-ion batteries are positive and negative electrode sheets; among them, the main components of the positive electrode slurry of lithium-ion batteries are : Positive electrode materials, carbon powder, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) (solvent), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and other impurities; in order to save costs and protect the environment, the positive electrode waste slurry and electrolyte need to be recycled.
  • NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • the Chinese patent number is: CN113648670A "A recycling method of NMP-containing waste lithium battery slurry and equipment for recycling the same"
  • this method is to pre-process the lithium battery slurry, and then the pre-processed lithium battery slurry is recycled.
  • the treated lithium battery slurry is subjected to centrifugal spray drying to separate the solid phase and solvent; this method uses centrifugal spray to completely and efficiently separate the cathode material and NMP.
  • This process does not introduce impurity elements, improves the purity of NMP, and has low processing costs. It reduces environmental pollution and has great industrial application prospects.
  • This plan also discloses a device for recycling lithium battery slurry, which is a centrifugal spray drying system, which includes a spray chamber, a cyclone separator, a condenser, a condensate storage tank and a distillation tower; the system is based on the original centrifugal spray drying system. Improvements are made to the spray drying equipment, and the design is combined with centrifugal spray drying and NMP condensation recovery processes, so that NMP can be directly recovered after the cathode material and NMP are separated. The processing efficiency is high and continuous production can be achieved.
  • the current recycling methods for used lithium battery cathode slurry generally include the following steps: stirring and slurrying, funnel filtration, drying, ball milling, fluidized bed separation, packing absorption tower tail gas treatment, and screening.
  • the existing recycling processes The device recycling process is cumbersome and the operating efficiency is extremely low.
  • the lithium battery electrolyte is extremely volatile and toxic.
  • the decomposition gas generated by the electrolyte contains phosphorus pentafluoride and The harmful gas of hydrogen fluoride is ignored or understood as not paying attention to the treatment of volatile substances in the existing technology. The harmful gas emitted will pollute the environment, so it needs to be improved.
  • an efficient pre-treatment and recycling equipment for used batteries is proposed.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient pre-treatment and recycling equipment for used batteries to solve the problem that the existing recycling processing device proposed by the above-mentioned background technology has a cumbersome recycling process and extremely low operating efficiency.
  • the lithium battery electrolyte When liquid, the lithium battery electrolyte is extremely volatile and toxic.
  • the harmful gases of phosphorus pentafluoride and hydrogen fluoride in the decomposition gases generated by the electrolyte are ignored or understood by the existing technology as not paying attention to the treatment of volatile substances. Harmful gases will pollute the environment.
  • an efficient pre-treatment and recycling equipment for used batteries including a bottom plate, a recycling device, a conveying device and a processing device.
  • the top end of the bottom plate is fixedly installed with the bottom of the conveying device, so The other end of the top of the bottom plate is fixedly installed with the bottom of the processing device.
  • the conveyor device includes a controller, a turntable and a support frame.
  • the top of the turntable and the bottom of the controller are movably installed.
  • the bottom of the turntable is evenly provided with multiple Fixed assembly, the fixed assembly includes a mounting block, a movable rod, a slider, a vacuum negative pressure pump and a suction cup.
  • Two extension rods are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the bottom of the installation block.
  • the two ends of the movable rod are connected to the extension rod.
  • the bottom of the rod is fixedly installed, and the outer wall of the movable rod is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the slider.
  • One end of the movable rod is fixedly connected with a driving component.
  • An electric push rod is provided inside the movable rod.
  • One end of the electric push rod One end of the electric push rod
  • One end of the drive assembly is movably installed, and the other end of the electric push rod is movably installed with one end of the slider.
  • the top of the vacuum negative pressure pump is fixedly installed with the bottom of the slider, and the bottom of the vacuum negative pressure pump is fixedly installed with the top of the suction cup.
  • the processing device includes a base, a feed pipe, a centrifuge, a feed pipe and a recycling barrel.
  • the recycling barrel includes a shell, a top cover, a connecting rod, a crushing plate, an acid leaching barrel, a rotating motor and a gear.
  • a fixed ring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the top of the shell, the inner wall of the fixed ring is slidingly connected to the outer wall of the calcining turntable, a slot is provided through one end of the top of the calcining turntable, and the top of the fixed ring is connected to the stopper
  • the bottom is fixedly installed, the top of the calcining turntable is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod, the top of the crushing plate is movably connected to the bottom of the rotating motor, and multiple crushing blades are evenly arranged outside the bottom end of the rotating motor.
  • the inner wall of the shell and the outer wall of the crushing plate are fixedly installed, the bottom inner wall of the shell is fixedly connected to the bottom of the acid leaching cylinder, and a derivation pipe is provided on one side of the acid leaching cylinder.
  • the top of the housing is fixedly installed on the bottom of the top cover, and the bottom of the housing is fixedly installed on one end of the top of the bottom plate.
  • the bottom of the suction cup is provided with a battery
  • the top of the base is fixedly installed with the bottom of the centrifuge
  • the top of the centrifuge is provided with a centrifugal motor.
  • a separation tube is fixedly connected to the front side of the centrifuge, one end of the top of the centrifuge is fixedly connected to one end of the feed pipe, and one side of the centrifuge is fixedly connected to one end of the feed pipe.
  • one end of the feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the top cover
  • the top of the mounting block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the turntable
  • the top of the support frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the controller
  • the bottom of the support frame Fixed installation with the top of the base plate.
  • the top of the turntable is provided with a plurality of connecting lines
  • the recovery device includes a fixed plate, an air suction pump, a lowering barrel and a bearing ring.
  • the outer wall of the lowering barrel is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the bearing ring, so The bottom of the barrel is provided with a through hole.
  • the top of the fixed plate is fixedly installed with the bottom of the air suction pump, the top of the air suction pump is movably connected to the bottom of the lowering barrel, and a discharge pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the lowering barrel. .
  • one end of the discharge pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the guide pipe, four support rods are evenly and fixedly connected to the bottom of the load-bearing ring, and the bottom of the support rod is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed plate.
  • the lowering barrel includes a barrel, a knocking rod, a ring and a hitting ball.
  • the top of the barrel and the bottom of the circle are fixedly installed.
  • Two load-bearing balls are symmetrically fixed on the inside of the top of the barrel.
  • Rod two, the outer wall of the load-bearing rod two is rotatably connected with a rolling ball.
  • the outer wall of the rolling ball is evenly and fixedly connected with three support rods.
  • the inside of the cylinder is symmetrically and fixedly connected with two load-bearing rods one.
  • the load-bearing rod The outer wall of one is movably connected with a rotating block, the inner side of the rotating block is fixedly installed with the bottom end of the percussion rod, the top of the percussion rod is fixedly connected with the bottom of the hitting ball, and the inner side of the top end of the percussion rod is provided with a Magnet block two, magnet block one is provided inside the bottom end of the knocking rod.
  • the air suction pump can suck down the slurry and electrolyte inside the battery and drop them, and continuously beat them through the knocking rod and hitting ball in the discharge barrel.
  • the battery On the inside of the battery, the battery is shaken, causing the slurry and electrolyte to quickly fall downward into the discharge barrel.
  • the driving assembly can make the slider drive the battery to shake left and right.
  • the fixing assembly can not only facilitate the fixing and removal of the battery, but also At the same time, the slurry and electrolyte in the battery can be shaken and fall quickly.
  • the combination of the fixed assembly and the discharge barrel can quickly transport the slurry and electrolyte in the battery to the processing device for processing, which improves the efficiency of battery slurry and electrolysis. It improves the recovery and treatment efficiency of the electrolyte, avoids the rapid evaporation of decomposition gases and volatile toxic gases produced by the electrolyte, and solves the problem that harmful gases emitted from the electrolyte will pollute the environment.
  • the slurry and the electrolyte reach the centrifuge through the discharge pipe and the guide pipe.
  • the centrifuge motor and the centrifuge facilitate the recovery of the N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) liquid phase and the electrolyte.
  • NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
  • the electrolyte is sealed
  • the condensation and activated carbon adsorption purification treatment under the condition can remove the harmful gases of phosphorus pentafluoride and hydrogen fluoride in the decomposition gas, avoid environmental pollution, realize the automatic and harmless recycling of used lithium batteries, and solve the problem of existing technology. There is a problem of harmful gas leakage during the recycling process of used battery electrolyte.
  • the solid phase of the positive electrode material is calcined at high temperature on the top of the calcining turntable.
  • the processed solid phase of the positive electrode material falls downward on the top of the crushing plate.
  • the crushing blade can crush the solid phase of the positive electrode material into In powder form, the solid phase powder of the cathode material then reaches the acid leaching cylinder for acid leaching recovery treatment, realizing the recycling of various metal elements in the cathode slurry material.
  • This treatment method improves the recovery rate of metal elements in the cathode material. Higher, secondly, the efficiency during the operation is higher, reaching the highest recovery rate of resources, and the operation process is simple and the work efficiency is high.
  • the downward negative pressure adsorption force is used to cause the two rolling balls to rotate, and the outer rods touch the bottom of the knocking rod. After the end, the knocking rod will be pressed downward to rotate, and the hitting ball at the top of the knocking rod will hit the inner wall of the battery case. At the same time, there is a magnetic attraction between the two magnet blocks at the top of the two knocking rods. , there is a magnetic repulsion force between the two magnet blocks at the bottom.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a high-efficiency pretreatment and recycling equipment for used batteries according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the rear side structure of an efficient pre-treatment and recycling device for used batteries according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic bottom view of the conveying device of a high-efficiency pretreatment and recycling equipment for used batteries according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a recycling device of a high-efficiency pretreatment recycling equipment for used batteries according to the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed component of a high-efficiency pretreatment and recycling equipment for used batteries according to the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a schematic front view of a fixed component of a high-efficiency pre-treatment and recycling device for used batteries according to the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the recycling treatment barrel of a high-efficiency pre-treatment and recycling equipment for used batteries according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the recycling treatment barrel of a high-efficiency pretreatment and recycling equipment for used batteries according to the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lowering barrel of a high-efficiency pretreatment and recycling device for used batteries according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is an internal front view of the discharge barrel of a high-efficiency pretreatment and recycling device for used batteries according to the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a knocking rod of a high-efficiency pretreatment and recycling device for used batteries according to the present invention.
  • Vacuum negative pressure pump 346 , suction cup; 347, electric push rod; 348, drive assembly; 441, top cover; 442, calcining turntable; 443, connecting rod; 444, crushing plate; 445, crushing blade; 446, acid leaching cylinder; 447, shell; 448 , Export pipe; 449, stopper; 4410, fixed ring; 4411, slotting; 4412, rotating motor; 231, load-bearing rod one; 232, load-bearing rod two; 233, ring; 234, rolling ball; 235, cylinder ; 236. Percussion rod; 237. Hitting ball; 238. Support rod; 239. Rotating block; 240. Magnetic block one; 241. Magnetic block two.
  • an efficient pre-treatment and recycling equipment for used batteries including a base plate 1, a recycling device 2, a conveying device 3 and a processing device 4.
  • the top end of the base plate 1 is fixedly installed with the bottom of the conveying device 3.
  • the base plate The other end of the top of 1 is fixedly installed with the bottom of the processing device 4.
  • the conveying device 3 includes a controller 31, a turntable 32 and a support frame 36.
  • the top of the turntable 32 is movablely installed with the bottom of the controller 31.
  • the bottom of the turntable 32 is evenly provided with multiple A fixed component 34.
  • the fixed component 34 includes a mounting block 341, a movable rod 343, a slider 344, a vacuum negative pressure pump 345 and a suction cup 346.
  • Two extension rods 342 are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the bottom of the installation block 341.
  • the movable rod 343 Both ends of the extension rod 342 are fixedly installed with the bottom of the extension rod 342, and the outer wall of the movable rod 343 is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the slider 344.
  • One end of the movable rod 343 is fixedly connected with a driving component 348, and the driving component 348 drives the slider through the electric push rod 347.
  • 344 moves rapidly back and forth on the movable rod 343, and the slider 344 drives the bottom battery 35 to swing left and right.
  • An electric push rod 347 is provided inside the movable rod 343.
  • the processing device 4 includes a base 41, a feeding pipe 43, a centrifuge 45, a feeding pipe 47 and a recycling barrel 44.
  • the recycling barrel 44 includes a shell 447 , top cover 441, connecting rod 443, crushing plate 444, acid leaching cylinder 446, rotating motor 4412 and stopper 449, a fixed ring 4410 is fixedly connected to the inside of the top of the shell 447, and the inner wall of the fixed ring 4410 slides with the outer wall of the calcining turntable 442 Connection, the top end of the calcining turntable 442 has a slot 4411 running through it, the top of the fixed ring 4410 is fixedly installed with the bottom of the stopper 449, the top of the calcining turntable 442 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod 443, and the solid phase of the positive electrode material first falls on On the top of the calcining turntable 442, the stopper 449 acts as a blocker to prevent the solid phase of the positive electrode material on the calcining turntable 442 from falling downwards.
  • the connecting rod 443 is rotated, and the connecting rod 443 drives the calcining turntable 442 to rotate, and the slot 4411 of the calcining turntable 442 rotates outward, so that the treated cathode material solid phase falls downward on the top of the crushing plate 444 and is crushed.
  • the top of the plate 444 is movably connected to the bottom of the rotating motor 4412.
  • a plurality of crushing blades 445 are evenly arranged outside the bottom end of the rotating motor 4412.
  • the rotating motor 4412 drives the bottom crushing blade 445 to rotate at a high speed.
  • the crushing blades 445 can crush the top of the crushing plate 444.
  • the solid phase of the positive electrode material is crushed into powder.
  • the inner wall of the casing 447 is fixedly installed with the outer wall of the crushing plate 444, the bottom inner wall of the casing 447 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the acid leaching cylinder 446, and a derivation pipe 448 is provided on one side of the acid leaching cylinder 446.
  • the pulverizing blade 445 can pulverize the solid phase of the positive electrode material on the top of the pulverizing plate 444 into powder, and then the solid phase powder of the positive electrode material reaches downward into the acid leaching cylinder 446 for acid leaching recovery processing.
  • the top of the shell 447 is fixedly installed with the bottom of the top cover 441, and the bottom of the shell 447 is fixedly installed with the top end of the bottom plate 1.
  • the top cover 441 is used to ensure the sealing within the shell 447. .
  • the bottom of the suction cup 346 is provided with a battery 35.
  • the top of the base 41 is fixedly installed with the bottom of the centrifuge 45.
  • the top of the centrifuge 45 is provided with a centrifugal motor 46.
  • the centrifugal motor 46 makes the centrifuge 45.
  • the slurry is separated by centrifugal filtration into the positive electrode material solid phase and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) liquid phase.
  • the N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) liquid phase is recovered through the front separation tube 42, realizing the N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) liquid phase.
  • NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
  • the front side of the centrifuge 45 is fixedly connected with the separation pipe 42, the top end of the centrifuge 45 is fixedly connected with one end of the feed pipe 47, and one side of the centrifuge 45 is connected with the feed pipe 43. One end is fixedly connected.
  • the feed pipe 47 is used to transport the slurry and electrolyte in the lower barrel 23 to the centrifuge 45 .
  • the feed pipe 43 is used to transport the positive electrode material in the centrifuge 45 to the outer shell 447 in solid phase. .
  • one end of the feeding pipe 43 is fixedly connected to the top of the top cover 441
  • the top of the installation block 341 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the turntable 32
  • the top of the support frame 36 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the controller 31.
  • the bottom of the support frame 36 is fixedly installed on the top of the bottom plate 1.
  • the support frame 36 plays a supporting and fixing role, and the controller 31 can drive the turntable 32 to rotate and pause regularly.
  • the recovery device 2 includes a fixed plate 21, an air suction pump 22, a lower barrel 23 and a bearing ring 27.
  • the outer wall of the lower barrel 23 is in contact with the bearing ring 27.
  • the inner side of the ring 27 is fixedly installed, and the bottom of the lower barrel 23 is provided with a through hole 24.
  • the air suction pump 22 can suck and drop the slurry inside the battery 35 downward through the through hole 24, so that the slurry can fall downward quickly.
  • the recovery device 2 can quickly transport the slurry in the battery 35 to the processing device 4 for processing, thereby improving the recycling and processing efficiency of the battery 35 slurry.
  • the top of the fixed plate 21 is fixedly installed with the bottom of the suction pump 22, the top of the suction pump 22 is movably connected to the bottom of the lower barrel 23, and the bottom end of the lower barrel 23 is fixed on one side.
  • the fixing assembly 34 can not only facilitate the fixing and removal of the battery 35, but also allow the slurry and electrolyte in the battery 35 to shake and fall quickly.
  • one end of the discharge pipe 26 is fixedly connected to one end of the guide pipe 47.
  • the bottom of the load-bearing ring 27 is evenly connected with four support rods 25.
  • the bottom of the support rod 25 is connected to the fixed plate 21.
  • the top is fixedly installed, and the load-bearing ring 27 and the support rod 25 play a supporting and fixing role.
  • the lowering barrel 23 includes a barrel 235, a knocking rod 236, a ring 233 and a hitting ball 237.
  • the top of the barrel 235 is fixedly installed with the bottom of the ring 233.
  • the inside of the top of the barrel 235 Two load-bearing rods 232 are connected symmetrically and fixedly.
  • the outer wall of the load-bearing rod 232 is rotatably connected with a rolling ball 234.
  • the outer wall of the rolling ball 234 is evenly and fixedly connected with three support rods 238.
  • the inner side of the cylinder 235 is symmetrically and fixedly connected with two load-bearing rods 234.
  • Rod one 231 the outer wall of the load-bearing rod 231 is movably connected with a rotating block 239, the inside of the rotating block 239 is fixedly installed with the bottom end of the knocking rod 236, the top of the knocking rod 236 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the hitting ball 237, and the knocking A magnet block 241 is provided inside the top of the rod 236, and a magnet block 240 is provided inside the bottom end of the knocking rod 236.
  • the turntable 32 when the device is in use, the turntable 32 is first turned on through the controller 31.
  • the controller 31 can drive the turntable 32 to rotate and pause regularly, and at the same time, the fixing assembly 34, the recovery device 2 and the processing device 4 are turned on.
  • the bottom of the turntable 32 There are multiple fixed components 34, and there is a battery 35 at the bottom of each fixed component 34.
  • the vacuum negative pressure pump 345 at the bottom of the fixed component 34 can generate negative pressure through the suction cup 346 to adsorb the battery 35 at the bottom.
  • the turntable 32 rotates, when the fixed component 34 and the bottom battery 35 rotate to the frontmost side of the turntable 32, the turntable 32 stops rotating. At this time, the external cutting component can cut off the bottom end of the battery 35.
  • the bottom end of the battery 35 is located on the lower barrel 23.
  • the suction pump 22 sucks the slurry and electrolyte in the battery 35 downward and drops them.
  • the inside of the discharge barrel 23 and the inside of the battery 35 receive a downward force, and at this time they roll.
  • the struts 238 on the outer wall of the ball 234 rotate toward the axis of the cylinder 235 under the action of downward suction. Therefore, the rolling balls 234 on both sides rotate toward the inside of the cylinder 235 at the same time, and one of the struts 238 touches the knocking rod. 236 and press the bottom end of the knocking rod 236 downward.
  • the knocking rod 236 and the rotating block 239 rotate under the action of the support rod 238.
  • the hitting ball 237 on the top of the knocking rod 236 hits the battery 35.
  • the knocking rods on both sides 236 rotates in the opposite direction to the original position under the action of magnetic attraction and magnetic repulsion.
  • the next support rod 238 touches the knocking rod 236 again repeat the above steps, so that the hitting ball 237 can continuously hit the inside of the battery 35.
  • the battery 35 is caused to shake.
  • the top driving component 348 drives the slider 344 to move rapidly back and forth on the movable rod 343 through the electric push rod 347.
  • the slider 344 then drives the bottom battery 35 to shake left and right.
  • the fixed component 34 not only facilitates the movement of the battery 35 When fixed and removed, the slurry and electrolyte in the battery 35 can be shaken and dropped quickly at the same time.
  • the slurry and electrolyte in the battery 35 can be quickly transported to the processing device.
  • the centrifuge motor 46 causes the slurry in the centrifuge 45 to be centrifugally filtered and separated into the positive electrode material solid phase and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). ) liquid phase, the N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) liquid phase is recovered through the front side separation tube 42, realizing the recovery of the N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) liquid phase, the electrolyte is recovered through the separation tube 42, after recovery The electrolyte is condensed and adsorbed by activated carbon in a sealed state, and the decomposition gas generated by the electrolyte is purified, which can remove harmful gases such as phosphorus pentafluoride and hydrogen fluoride in the decomposition gas to avoid environmental pollution and solve the problems in the existing technology.
  • the solid phase of the positive electrode material reaches the processing device 44 through the feeding pipe 43 for processing.
  • the solid phase of the positive electrode material first falls on the top of the calcining turntable 442, and the stopper 449 blocks it. function to prevent the solid phase of the positive electrode material on the calcining turntable 442 from falling downward, and there is a high-temperature calcining component in the block 449.
  • the solid phase of the positive electrode material is subjected to high-temperature calcining treatment on the top of the calcining turntable 442.
  • the connecting rod 443 is rotated to connect
  • the rod 443 drives the calcining turntable 442 to rotate, and the slot 4411 of the calcining turntable 442 rotates outward, so that the processed positive electrode material falls downward in solid phase on the top of the crushing plate 444, and the rotating motor 4412 drives the bottom crushing blade 445 to rotate at high speed, crushing
  • the blade 445 can pulverize the solid phase of the positive electrode material on the top of the crushing plate 444 into powder.
  • the solid phase powder of the positive electrode material then reaches the acid leaching cylinder 446 downward for acid leaching recovery processing, thereby realizing the removal of various metal elements in the positive electrode slurry material.
  • this treatment method enables a higher recovery rate of metal elements in the cathode material.
  • the efficiency during the operation process is higher, reaching the highest recovery rate of resources, and the operation process is simple and the work efficiency is high.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，包括底板、回收装置、输送装置和处理装置，所述底板的顶部一端与输送装置的底部固定安装。本发明通过设置固定组件和回收装置，吸气泵可以将电池内部的浆料和电解液向下吸动掉落，同时驱动组件可以使电池内的浆料和电解液快速地输送到处理装置内进行处理，提高了废旧电池的回收效率，实现了对N-甲基吡咯烷酮液相的回收，同时避免电解液产生的分解气体和挥发性有毒气体快速向外挥发，避免污染环境，通过设置处理装置，正极材料固相经过煅烧转盘顶部进行高温煅烧处理后再被粉碎刀片碎成粉末状，最后到达酸浸筒内进行酸浸回收处理，实现了对正极浆料材料中各种金属元素的回收利用，且回收率高。

Description

一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备 技术领域
本发明涉及电池浆料回收处理技术领域，具体为一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备。
背景技术
现有的锂离子电池以其能量密度高、重量轻和使用寿命等优点而被广泛应用在多个领域，锂离子电池的主要部分是正、负极片；其中锂电池的正极浆料的成分主要是：正极材料、碳粉、N-甲基吡咯烷酮简称NMP(溶剂)、聚偏氟乙烯简称PVDF及其他杂质；为了节约成本、保护环境，需要对正极废弃浆料以及电解液进行回收。
现有技术中，如中国专利号为：CN113648670A的“一种含NMP废锂电池浆料的回收方法及用于回收其的设备”，该方法是将锂电池浆料进行预处理，再将预处理后的锂电池浆料进行离心喷雾干燥，分离固相和溶剂；本方法采用离心喷雾可将正极材料和NMP完全高效分离，该过程不引入杂质元素，提高了NMP纯度，处理成本低，同时减少了对环境的污染，非常具有工业化应用前景。此方案还公开了一种用于回收锂电池浆料的设备，为离心喷雾干燥系统，其包括喷雾室、旋风分离器、冷凝器、冷凝液储罐和精馏塔；该系统在原有的离心喷雾干燥设备上进行改进，结合离心喷雾干燥和NMP冷凝回收的工艺进行设计，使得正极材料和NMP分离后可以直接回收NMP，处理效率高，可实现连续化生产。
目前对于废旧锂电池正极浆料的回收方法一般为以下几个步骤：搅拌浆化、漏斗过滤、烘干、球磨、流化床分离、填料吸收塔尾气处理、筛分，但是现有的回收处理装置回收流程繁琐且操作效率极低，其次在回收废旧电池内的浆料以及电解液时，锂电池电解液极具挥发性且是有毒物质，电解液产生的分解气体中的五氟化磷和氟化氢有害气体，现有技术无视或者理解为不注重挥发物质的处理，挥发出的有害气体会污染环境，因此还有待改进，针对上述问题，提出一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，以解决上述背景技术提出的现有的回收处理装置回收流程繁琐且操作效率极低，其次在回收废旧电池内的浆料以及电解液时，锂电池电解液极具挥发性且是有毒物质，电解液产生的分解气体中的五氟化磷和氟化氢有害气体，现有技术无视或者理解为不注重挥发物质的处理，挥发出的有害气体会污染 环境的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，包括底板、回收装置、输送装置和处理装置，所述底板的顶部一端与输送装置的底部固定安装，所述底板的顶部另一端与处理装置的底部固定安装，所述输送装置包括控制器、转盘和支撑架，所述转盘的顶部与控制器的底部活动安装，所述转盘的底部均匀设置有多个固定组件，所述固定组件包括安装块、活动杆、滑块、真空负压泵和吸盘，所述安装块的底部两端对称固定连接有两个延伸杆，所述活动杆的两端与延伸杆的底部固定安装，且活动杆的外壁与滑块的内壁滑动连接，所述活动杆的一端固定连接有驱动组件，所述活动杆的内部设置有电动推杆，所述电动推杆的一端与驱动组件的一端活动安装，且电动推杆的另一端与滑块的一端活动安装，所述真空负压泵的顶部与滑块的底部固定安装，且真空负压泵的底部与吸盘的顶部活动连接，所述处理装置包括底座、输料管、离心机、导料管和回收处理筒，所述回收处理筒包括外壳、顶盖、连接杆、粉碎板、酸浸筒、转动电机和挡块，所述外壳的顶端内侧固定连接有固定环，所述固定环的内壁与煅烧转盘的外壁滑动连接，所述煅烧转盘的顶部一端贯穿开设有开槽，所述固定环的顶部与挡块的底部固定安装，所述煅烧转盘的顶部与连接杆的底部固定连接，所述粉碎板的顶部与转动电机的底部活动连接，所述转动电机的底端外侧均匀设置有多个粉碎刀片。
优选的，所述外壳的内壁与粉碎板的外壁固定安装，所述外壳的底部内壁与酸浸筒的底部固定连接，且酸浸筒的一侧设置有导出管。
优选的，所述外壳的顶部与顶盖的底部固定安装，所述外壳的底部与底板的顶部一端固定安装。
优选的，所述吸盘的底部设置有电池，所述底座的顶部与离心机的底部固定安装，所述离心机的顶部设置有离心电机。
优选的，所述离心机的前侧固定连通有分离管，所述离心机的顶部一端与导料管的一端固定连通，所述离心机的一侧与输料管的一端固定连通。
优选的，所述输料管的一端与顶盖的顶部固定连接，所述安装块的顶部与转盘的底部固定连接，所述支撑架的顶部与控制器的底部固定连接，且支撑架的底部与底板的顶部固定安装。
优选的，所述转盘的顶部设置有多个连接线，所述回收装置包括固定板、吸气泵、下料筒和承载环，所述下料筒的外壁与承载环的内侧固定安装，所述下料筒的底部开设有通孔。
优选的，所述固定板的顶部与吸气泵的底部固定安装，所述吸气泵的顶部与下料筒的底部活动连接，所述下料筒的底端一侧固定连通有出料管。
优选的，所述出料管的一端与导料管的一端固定连通，所述承载环的底部均匀固定连接有四个支撑杆，所述支撑杆的底部与固定板的顶部固定安装。
优选的，所述下料筒包括筒体、敲击杆、圆环和击打球，所述筒体的顶部与圆环的底部固定安装，所述筒体的顶端内侧对称固定连接有两个承重杆二，所述承重杆二的外壁转动连接有滚动球，所述滚动球的外壁均匀固定连接有三个支杆，所述筒体的内侧对称固定连接有两个承重杆一，所述承重杆一的外壁活动连接有转动块，所述转动块的内侧与敲击杆的底端固定安装，所述敲击杆的顶部与击打球的底部固定连接，所述敲击杆的顶端内侧设置有磁块二，所述敲击杆的底端内侧设置有磁块一。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明中，通过设置固定组件和回收装置，吸气泵可以将电池内部的浆料和电解液向下吸动掉落，通过下料筒内的敲击杆和击打球不断的击打在电池内侧，使电池产生晃动，使浆料和电解液快速地向下掉落在下料筒内，同时驱动组件可以使滑块带动电池左右晃动，固定组件不仅可以方便电池的固定和取下，同时可以使电池内的浆料和电解液抖动而快速下落，固定组件和下料筒结合可以使电池内的浆料和电解液快速地输送到处理装置内进行处理，提高了电池浆料和电解液的回收处理效率，避免电解液产生的分解气体和挥发性有毒气体快速向外挥发，解决了电解液中挥发出的有害气体会污染环境的问题。
2、本发明中，浆料和电解液通过出料管和导料管到达离心机，离心电机和离心机方便对N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)液相和电解液进行回收，电解液在密封状态下进行冷凝和活性炭吸附净化处理，能够将分解气体中的五氟化磷、氟化氢有害气体清除掉，避免污染环境，实现了对废旧锂电池的自动化无害化有效回收，解决了现有技术中存在的废旧电池电解液回收过程中有害气体外漏的问题。
3、本发明中，通过设置处理装置，正极材料固相在煅烧转盘顶部进行高温煅烧处理，处理后的正极材料固相向下掉落在粉碎板顶部，粉碎刀片可以将正极材料固相粉碎成粉末状，正极材料固相粉末再向下到达酸浸筒内进行酸浸回收处理，实现了对正极浆料材料中各种金属元素的回收利用，该处理方式使正极材料中的金属元素回收率更高，其次操作过程中的效率更高，达到了资源的最高回收率，且操作流程简单，工作效率高。
4、本发明中，当电池的底端位于下料筒的筒体顶部时，利用向下的负压吸附力使得两个 滚动球发生转动，其外侧的支杆触碰到敲击杆的底端后，会将敲击杆的向下压而发生转动，则敲击杆顶端的击打球敲击在电池壳内壁，同时，两个敲击杆顶端的两个磁块二之间存在磁吸力，底端两个磁块一之间存在磁斥力，支杆远离敲击杆底部后，两侧的敲击杆在磁力作用下反方向转动回到原位，等待下一个支杆再次触碰，重复上述步骤，不断高频击打在电池壳内壁，加快电池内的浆料和电解液分散而掉落，提高了电池浆料和电解液的回收处理效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备的立体图；
图2为本发明一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备的后侧结构示意图；
图3为本发明一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备的输送装置的仰视结构示意图；
图4为本发明一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备的回收装置的内部结构示意图；
图5为本发明一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备的固定组件的结构示意图；
图6为本发明一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备的固定组件的正面示意图；
图7为本发明一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备的回收处理筒的内部结构示意图；
图8为本发明一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备的回收处理筒的部分结构示意图；
图9为本发明一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备的下料筒的内部结构示意图；
图10为本发明一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备的下料筒的内部正视图；
图11为本发明一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备的敲击杆的结构示意图。
图中：
1、底板；2、回收装置；3、输送装置；4、处理装置；21、固定板；22、吸气泵；23、下料筒；24、通孔；25、支撑杆；26、出料管；27、承载环；31、控制器；32、转盘；33、连接线；34、固定组件；35、电池；36、支撑架；41、底座；42、分离管；43、输料管；44、回收处理筒；45、离心机；46、离心电机；47、导料管；341、安装块；342、延伸杆；343、活动杆；344、滑块；345、真空负压泵；346、吸盘；347、电动推杆；348、驱动组件；441、顶盖；442、煅烧转盘；443、连接杆；444、粉碎板；445、粉碎刀片；446、酸浸筒；447、外壳；448、导出管；449、挡块；4410、固定环；4411、开槽；4412、转动电机；231、承重杆一；232、承重杆二；233、圆环；234、滚动球；235、筒体；236、敲击杆；237、击打球；238、支杆；239、转动块；240、磁块一；241、磁块二。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描 述，显然，所描述的实施条例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
参照图1-11所示：一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，包括底板1、回收装置2、输送装置3和处理装置4，底板1的顶部一端与输送装置3的底部固定安装，底板1的顶部另一端与处理装置4的底部固定安装，输送装置3包括控制器31、转盘32和支撑架36，转盘32的顶部与控制器31的底部活动安装，转盘32的底部均匀设置有多个固定组件34，固定组件34包括安装块341、活动杆343、滑块344、真空负压泵345和吸盘346，安装块341的底部两端对称固定连接有两个延伸杆342，活动杆343的两端与延伸杆342的底部固定安装，且活动杆343的外壁与滑块344的内壁滑动连接，活动杆343的一端固定连接有驱动组件348，驱动组件348通过电动推杆347带动滑块344在活动杆343上往复快速移动，滑块344再带动底部电池35左右晃动，活动杆343的内部设置有电动推杆347，电动推杆347的一端与驱动组件348的一端活动安装，且电动推杆347的另一端与滑块344的一端活动安装，真空负压泵345的顶部与滑块344的底部固定安装，真空负压泵345可以通过吸盘346产生负压将底部的电池35吸附住，且真空负压泵345的底部与吸盘346的顶部活动连接，处理装置4包括底座41、输料管43、离心机45、导料管47和回收处理筒44，回收处理筒44包括外壳447、顶盖441、连接杆443、粉碎板444、酸浸筒446、转动电机4412和挡块449，外壳447的顶端内侧固定连接有固定环4410，固定环4410的内壁与煅烧转盘442的外壁滑动连接，煅烧转盘442的顶部一端贯穿开设有开槽4411，固定环4410的顶部与挡块449的底部固定安装，煅烧转盘442的顶部与连接杆443的底部固定连接，正极材料固相首先落在煅烧转盘442顶部，挡块449起到阻拦作用，避免煅烧转盘442上的正极材料固相向下掉落，且挡块449内有高温煅烧组件，正极材料固相在煅烧转盘442顶部进行高温煅烧处理，处理完成后转动连接杆443，连接杆443带动煅烧转盘442转动，煅烧转盘442的开槽4411向外转动，从而使处理后的正极材料固相向下掉落在粉碎板444顶部，粉碎板444的顶部与转动电机4412的底部活动连接，转动电机4412的底端外侧均匀设置有多个粉碎刀片445，转动电机4412带动底部粉碎刀片445高速转动，粉碎刀片445可以将粉碎板444顶部的正极材料固相粉碎成粉末状。
根据图7和图8所示，外壳447的内壁与粉碎板444的外壁固定安装，外壳447的底部内壁与酸浸筒446的底部固定连接，且酸浸筒446的一侧设置有导出管448，粉碎刀片445 可以将粉碎板444顶部的正极材料固相粉碎成粉末状，正极材料固相粉末再向下到达酸浸筒446内进行酸浸回收处理。
根据图1、图7和图8所示，外壳447的顶部与顶盖441的底部固定安装，外壳447的底部与底板1的顶部一端固定安装，顶盖441用于保证外壳447内的密封性。
根据图3-6所示，吸盘346的底部设置有电池35，底座41的顶部与离心机45的底部固定安装，离心机45的顶部设置有离心电机46，离心电机46使离心机45内的浆料离心过滤分离成正极材料固相和N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)液相，N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)液相通过前侧分离管42进行回收，实现了对N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)液相的回收。
根据图1和图2所示，离心机45的前侧固定连通有分离管42，离心机45的顶部一端与导料管47的一端固定连通，离心机45的一侧与输料管43的一端固定连通，导料管47用于将下料筒23内的浆料和电解液输送到离心机45内，输料管43用于将离心机45内的正极材料固相输送到外壳447内。
根据图1-3所示，输料管43的一端与顶盖441的顶部固定连接，安装块341的顶部与转盘32的底部固定连接，支撑架36的顶部与控制器31的底部固定连接，且支撑架36的底部与底板1的顶部固定安装，支撑架36起到支撑固定作用，控制器31可以带动转盘32规律性地转动停顿。
根据图1-4所示，转盘32的顶部设置有多个连接线33，回收装置2包括固定板21、吸气泵22、下料筒23和承载环27，下料筒23的外壁与承载环27的内侧固定安装，下料筒23的底部开设有通孔24，吸气泵22可以通过通孔24将电池35内部的浆料向下吸动掉落，使浆料快速地向下掉落在下料筒23内，回收装置2可以使电池35内的浆料快速地输送到处理装置4内进行处理，提高了电池35浆料的回收处理效率。
根据图1和图4所示，固定板21的顶部与吸气泵22的底部固定安装，吸气泵22的顶部与下料筒23的底部活动连接，下料筒23的底端一侧固定连通有出料管26，固定组件34不仅可以方便电池35的固定和取下，同时可以使电池35内的浆料和电解液抖动而快速下落。
根据图1和图4所示，出料管26的一端与导料管47的一端固定连通，承载环27的底部均匀固定连接有四个支撑杆25，支撑杆25的底部与固定板21的顶部固定安装，承载环27和支撑杆25起到支撑固定作用。
根据图9-11所示，下料筒23包括筒体235、敲击杆236、圆环233和击打球237，筒体235的顶部与圆环233的底部固定安装，筒体235的顶端内侧对称固定连接有两个承重杆二 232，承重杆二232的外壁转动连接有滚动球234，滚动球234的外壁均匀固定连接有三个支杆238，筒体235的内侧对称固定连接有两个承重杆一231，承重杆一231的外壁活动连接有转动块239，转动块239的内侧与敲击杆236的底端固定安装，敲击杆236的顶部与击打球237的底部固定连接，敲击杆236的顶端内侧设置有磁块二241，敲击杆236的底端内侧设置有磁块一240，电池35的底端位于下料筒23的筒体235顶部时，吸气泵22将电池35内的浆料和电解液向下吸动掉落时，此时下料筒23内部以及电池35的内部受到一个向下的作用力，此时滚动球234外壁的支杆238在向下吸力的作用下向筒体235的轴心处转动，因此两侧的滚动球234同时向筒体235内侧转动，其中一个支杆238触碰到敲击杆236的底端并且将敲击杆236的底端向下压，敲击杆236和转动块239在支杆238的作用下转动，此时敲击杆236顶端的击打球237敲击在电池35的内侧，两个敲击杆236的顶端两个磁块二241之间存在磁吸力，同时底端两个磁块一240之间存在磁斥力，支杆238离开后，两侧的敲击杆236在磁吸力和磁斥力的作用下反方向转动到原位，下一个支杆238再次触碰到敲击杆236时，重复上述步骤，可以使击打球237不断的击打在电池35内侧，使电池35产生晃动，可以使电池35内的浆料和电解液快速下落，提高了电池35浆料和电解液的回收处理效率，避免电解液产生的分解气体和挥发性有毒气体快速向外挥发。
本发明中，该装置在使用时，首先通过控制器31开启转盘32，控制器31可以带动转盘32规律性地转动停顿，同时开启固定组件34、回收装置2和处理装置4，转盘32的底部有多个固定组件34，每个固定组件34的底部有一个电池35，固定组件34底部的真空负压泵345可以通过吸盘346产生负压将底部的电池35吸附住，随着转盘32的转动，当固定组件34和底部电池35转动到转盘32最前侧时，此时转盘32停止转动，此时外部切割组件可以将电池35的底端切割掉，电池35的底端位于下料筒23的筒体235顶部时，吸气泵22将电池35内的浆料和电解液向下吸动掉落时，此时下料筒23内部以及电池35的内部受到一个向下的作用力，此时滚动球234外壁的支杆238在向下吸力的作用下向筒体235的轴心处转动，因此两侧的滚动球234同时向筒体235内侧转动，其中一个支杆238触碰到敲击杆236的底端并且将敲击杆236的底端向下压，敲击杆236和转动块239在支杆238的作用下转动，此时敲击杆236顶端的击打球237敲击在电池35的内侧，两个敲击杆236的顶端两个磁块二241之间存在磁吸力，同时底端两个磁块一240之间存在磁斥力，支杆238离开后，两侧的敲击杆236在磁吸力和磁斥力的作用下反方向转动到原位，下一个支杆238再次触碰到敲击杆236时，重复上述步骤，可以使击打球237不断的击打在电池35内侧，使电池35产生晃 动，同时顶部的驱动组件348通过电动推杆347带动滑块344在活动杆343上往复快速移动，滑块344再带动底部电池35左右晃动，固定组件34不仅可以方便电池35的固定和取下，同时可以使电池35内的浆料和电解液抖动而快速下落，同时结合下料筒23和吸气泵22可以使电池35内的浆料和电解液快速地输送到处理装置4内进行处理，提高了电池35浆料和电解液的回收处理效率，避免电解液产生的分解气体和挥发性有毒气体快速向外挥发，解决了电解液中挥发出的有害气体会污染环境的问题；待一段时间后电池35内的浆料和电解液完全下落到下料筒23后，转盘32继续转动，下一个电池35内的浆料同样掉落在下料筒23内，下料筒23内的浆料和电解液再通过出料管26和导料管47到达离心机45，离心电机46使离心机45内的浆料离心过滤分离成正极材料固相和N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)液相，N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)液相通过前侧分离管42进行回收，实现了对N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)液相的回收，电解液通过分离管42进行回收，回收后的电解液在密封状态下进行冷凝和活性炭吸附，电解液产生的分解气体被净化处理，能够将分解气体中的五氟化磷、氟化氢有害气体清除掉，避免污染环境，解决了现有技术中存在的废旧电池电解液回收过程中有害气体外漏的问题；正极材料固相通过输料管43到达处理装置44进行处理，正极材料固相首先落在煅烧转盘442顶部，挡块449起到阻拦作用，避免煅烧转盘442上的正极材料固相向下掉落，且挡块449内有高温煅烧组件，正极材料固相在煅烧转盘442顶部进行高温煅烧处理，处理完成后转动连接杆443，连接杆443带动煅烧转盘442转动，煅烧转盘442的开槽4411向外转动，从而使处理后的正极材料固相向下掉落在粉碎板444顶部，转动电机4412带动底部粉碎刀片445高速转动，粉碎刀片445可以将粉碎板444顶部的正极材料固相粉碎成粉末状，正极材料固相粉末再向下到达酸浸筒446内进行酸浸回收处理，实现了对正极浆料材料中各种金属元素的回收利用，同时该处理方式使正极材料中的金属元素回收率更高，其次操作过程中的效率更高，达到了资源的最高回收率，且操作流程简单，工作效率高。
尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，包括底板(1)、回收装置(2)、输送装置(3)和处理装置(4)，所述底板(1)的顶部一端与输送装置(3)的底部固定安装，所述底板(1)的顶部另一端与处理装置(4)的底部固定安装，其特征在于：所述输送装置(3)包括控制器(31)、转盘(32)和支撑架(36)，所述转盘(32)的顶部与控制器(31)的底部活动安装，所述转盘(32)的底部均匀设置有多个固定组件(34)，所述固定组件(34)包括安装块(341)、活动杆(343)、滑块(344)、真空负压泵(345)和吸盘(346)，所述安装块(341)的底部两端对称固定连接有两个延伸杆(342)，所述活动杆(343)的两端与延伸杆(342)的底部固定安装，且活动杆(343)的外壁与滑块(344)的内壁滑动连接，所述活动杆(343)的一端固定连接有驱动组件(348)，所述活动杆(343)的内部设置有电动推杆(347)，所述电动推杆(347)的一端与驱动组件(348)的一端活动安装，且电动推杆(347)的另一端与滑块(344)的一端活动安装，所述真空负压泵(345)的顶部与滑块(344)的底部固定安装，且真空负压泵(345)的底部与吸盘(346)的顶部活动连接，所述处理装置(4)包括底座(41)、输料管(43)、离心机(45)、导料管(47)和回收处理筒(44)，所述回收处理筒(44)包括外壳(447)、顶盖(441)、连接杆(443)、粉碎板(444)、酸浸筒(446)、转动电机(4412)和挡块(449)，所述外壳(447)的顶端内侧固定连接有固定环(4410)，所述固定环(4410)的内壁与煅烧转盘(442)的外壁滑动连接，所述煅烧转盘(442)的顶部一端贯穿开设有开槽(4411)，所述固定环(4410)的顶部与挡块(449)的底部固定安装，所述煅烧转盘(442)的顶部与连接杆(443)的底部固定连接，所述粉碎板(444)的顶部与转动电机(4412)的底部活动连接，所述转动电机(4412)的底端外侧均匀设置有多个粉碎刀片(445)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，其特征在于：所述外壳(447)的内壁与粉碎板(444)的外壁固定安装，所述外壳(447)的底部内壁与酸浸筒(446)的底部固定连接，且酸浸筒(446)的一侧设置有导出管(448)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，其特征在于：所述外壳(447)的顶部与顶盖(441)的底部固定安装，所述外壳(447)的底部与底板(1)的顶部一端固定安装。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，其特征在于：所述吸盘(346)的底部设置有电池(35)，所述底座(41)的顶部与离心机(45)的底部固定安装，所述离 心机(45)的顶部设置有离心电机(46)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，其特征在于：所述离心机(45)的前侧固定连通有分离管(42)，所述离心机(45)的顶部一端与导料管(47)的一端固定连通，所述离心机(45)的一侧与输料管(43)的一端固定连通。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，其特征在于：所述输料管(43)的一端与顶盖(441)的顶部固定连接，所述安装块(341)的顶部与转盘(32)的底部固定连接，所述支撑架(36)的顶部与控制器(31)的底部固定连接，且支撑架(36)的底部与底板(1)的顶部固定安装。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，其特征在于：所述转盘(32)的顶部设置有多个连接线(33)，所述回收装置(2)包括固定板(21)、吸气泵(22)、下料筒(23)和承载环(27)，所述下料筒(23)的外壁与承载环(27)的内侧固定安装，所述下料筒(23)的底部开设有通孔(24)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，其特征在于：所述固定板(21)的顶部与吸气泵(22)的底部固定安装，所述吸气泵(22)的顶部与下料筒(23)的底部活动连接，所述下料筒(23)的底端一侧固定连通有出料管(26)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，其特征在于：所述出料管(26)的一端与导料管(47)的一端固定连通，所述承载环(27)的底部均匀固定连接有四个支撑杆(25)，所述支撑杆(25)的底部与固定板(21)的顶部固定安装。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的废旧电池的高效预处理回收设备，其特征在于：所述下料筒(23)包括筒体(235)、敲击杆(236)、圆环(233)和击打球(237)，所述筒体(235)的顶部与圆环(233)的底部固定安装，所述筒体(235)的顶端内侧对称固定连接有两个承重杆二(232)，所述承重杆二(232)的外壁转动连接有滚动球(234)，所述滚动球(234)的外壁均匀固定连接有三个支杆(238)，所述筒体(235)的内侧对称固定连接有两个承重杆一(231)，所述承重杆一(231)的外壁活动连接有转动块(239)，所述转动块(239)的内侧与敲击杆(236)的底端固定安装，所述敲击杆(236)的顶部与击打球(237)的底部固定连接，所述敲击杆(236)的顶端内侧设置有磁块二(241)，所述敲击杆(236)的底端内侧设置有磁块一(240)。
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CN111036651A (zh) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-21 甘肃睿思科新材料有限公司 一种锂电池正极废弃浆料的回收系统
CN111841832A (zh) * 2020-07-03 2020-10-30 安徽南都华铂新材料科技有限公司 一种锂电池回收用破碎设备及其使用方法

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CN117650306A (zh) * 2024-01-30 2024-03-05 河南工学院 一种废磷酸铁锂电池中金属提取分离装置
CN117650306B (zh) * 2024-01-30 2024-04-12 河南工学院 一种废磷酸铁锂电池中金属提取分离装置

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