WO2024016247A1 - 链锯 - Google Patents

链锯 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024016247A1
WO2024016247A1 PCT/CN2022/106938 CN2022106938W WO2024016247A1 WO 2024016247 A1 WO2024016247 A1 WO 2024016247A1 CN 2022106938 W CN2022106938 W CN 2022106938W WO 2024016247 A1 WO2024016247 A1 WO 2024016247A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
oil
chain
chain saw
oil pump
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/106938
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李阳
夏中计
Original Assignee
南京泉峰科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 南京泉峰科技有限公司 filed Critical 南京泉峰科技有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/106938 priority Critical patent/WO2024016247A1/zh
Publication of WO2024016247A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024016247A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B17/00—Chain saws; Equipment therefor
    • B27B17/12—Lubricating devices specially designed for chain saws

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a power tool, for example a chain saw.
  • a chain saw is a garden tool that uses a power device to drive the blade on the saw chain to move laterally to cut wood or branches.
  • a power device to drive the blade on the saw chain to move laterally to cut wood or branches.
  • it is necessary to ensure effective lubrication between the guide plate used to guide the saw chain and the saw chain to reduce friction, which generates heat, reduces cutting efficiency, accelerates wear of parts, and consumes energy.
  • most chain saws are equipped with an oil pump assembly.
  • the oil pump transmits lubricant to the guide plate or saw chain to lubricate them, and the oil pump and the saw chain are driven by the same motor.
  • the present application discloses a chain saw, which includes: a housing; a first motor supported by the housing; a saw chain driven by the first motor to perform a cutting function; a guide plate with one end of the guide plate connected by the housing.
  • the body support is used to support and guide the saw chain;
  • the oil pump assembly includes an oil pump for pumping lubricant to lubricate the saw chain or the guide plate and an oil pot for storing the lubricant; It also includes a second motor for driving the oil pump; the distance between the center of gravity of the first motor and the center of gravity of the second motor is less than or equal to 1 m.
  • a chain saw includes: a housing; a first driving unit supported by the housing; a saw chain driven by the first driving unit to perform a cutting function; a guide plate with one end of the guide plate being supported by the housing Support, used to support and guide the saw chain; pump oil assembly, including an oil pump for pumping lubricant to lubricate the saw chain or the guide plate and an oil pot for storing the lubricant; also It includes: a second driving unit for driving the oil pump; the distance between the center of gravity of the first driving unit and the center of gravity of the second driving unit is less than or equal to 1 m.
  • a chain saw including: a housing; a first motor supported by the housing; a saw chain driven by the first motor to perform a cutting function; a guide plate with one end supported by the housing, Used to support and guide the saw chain; an oil pump assembly, including an oil pump for pumping lubricant to lubricate the saw chain or the guide plate and an oil pot for storing the lubricant; and also includes: The second motor used to drive the oil pump; the rated voltage of the first motor is U1, and its unit is V; the rated voltage of the second motor is U2, and its unit is V, and the rated voltage of the first motor is U2.
  • the product of the voltage U1 and the rated voltage U2 of the second motor is less than or equal to 1000V 2 .
  • a chain saw including: a housing; a first motor supported by the housing; a saw chain driven by the first motor to perform a cutting function; a guide plate with one end supported by the housing, Used to support and guide the saw chain; an oil pump assembly, including an oil pump for pumping lubricant to lubricate the saw chain or the guide plate, an oil pot for storing the lubricant, and a drive
  • the second motor of the oil pump; the second motor or the oil pump is detachably mounted to the oil can.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a chain saw as a specific embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the chain saw in Figure 1 after part of the casing has been disassembled;
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the chain saw in Figure 1 after the left housing is disassembled;
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of the structure of the chain saw in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the center of gravity of the second motor and the oil outlet;
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the oil pump assembly of the chain saw in Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is an exploded view of the structure of the pump oil assembly in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is an exploded view of the structure of the oil pump in the oil pump assembly in Figure 6;
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the oil pump in the oil pump assembly in Figure 6;
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of the chain saw in Figure 1 after the left housing and oil can are disassembled;
  • Figure 11 is a circuit system control block diagram as an embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a circuit system control block diagram as another embodiment
  • Figure 13 is a flow chart of a control method for the second controller to control the oil output of the pump oil assembly
  • Figure 14 is a flow chart of another control method for the second controller to control the oil output of the pump oil assembly
  • Figure 15 is a flow chart of yet another control method for the second controller to control the oil output of the pump oil assembly.
  • relative terms e.g., “about,” “approximately,” “substantially,” etc.
  • terms used in connection with a quantity or condition are inclusive of the stated value and have the meaning indicated by the context (e.g., the term Including at least the degree of error associated with the measurement of a specific value, the tolerances associated with the specific value (e.g. manufacturing, assembly, use, etc.).
  • Such terms should also be considered to disclose a range defined by the absolute values of both endpoints.
  • Relative terms may refer to plus or minus a certain percentage (eg, 1%, 5%, 10% or more) of the indicated value.
  • numerical values not expressed in relative terms should be disclosed as specific values subject to tolerances.
  • the embodiments of the present application improve the lubrication efficiency of the chain saw's guide plate or saw chain and transmission components, reduce the consumption of lubricants, ensure the compact structure of the whole machine, and at the same time provide the stability of the oil output of the pump oil component and improve the user experience.
  • a chain saw 100 includes a housing 10 , a saw chain 21 , a sprocket 22 supported in the housing 10 and capable of driving the saw chain 21 to move, and a guide plate 23 that supports and guides the saw chain 21 .
  • the housing 10 includes a right housing 15 and a left housing 16 .
  • the right housing 15 and the left housing 15 are assembled along the left and right directions to form the housing 10 and form the first accommodation space 103 .
  • the housing 10 includes a main housing portion 17 formed or connected with a rear handle 11 for the user to hold, and a front handle 12 for the user to carry to cooperate with the rear handle 11 to operate the chain saw 100 .
  • a switch for controlling the operating status of the chain saw 100 is connected to the rear handle 11 .
  • the switches include first switch 111 and second switch 112 .
  • the chain saw 100 can be started only when the user presses the first switch 111 and the second switch 112 at the same time, thereby preventing the user from accidentally touching the first switch 111 to start the chain saw 100 while holding the chain saw 100 .
  • the second switch 112 is usually used as a safety start switch
  • the first switch 111 is usually used as a power-on and speed regulation switch. It can be understood that during use, the user presses the second switch 112 with the thumb and presses the first switch 111 with the index finger or middle finger to start and adjust the speed of the chain saw 100 .
  • the chain saw 100 also includes a guard 13 provided on the front side of the front handle 12 .
  • the guard 13 is used to protect the user and prevent the user from being cut by the saw chain 21 due to the recoil force when operating the chain saw 100 .
  • some splashes (such as sawdust) may also be produced to scratch the surface of the user's hand held on the front handle 12 .
  • the chain saw 100 also includes a power supply device that provides the chain saw 100 with electrical energy required for operation.
  • the power supply device 30 includes a battery pack, and the battery pack is detachably connected to the coupling portion 14 formed by the housing 10 . It should be understood that the power supply device 30 is not limited to the scenario of using a battery pack, and can also supply power to various circuit components through commercial power, AC power, and corresponding rectification, filtering, and voltage regulation circuits.
  • the power supply device 30 includes a plurality of battery packs to provide the chain saw 100 with a longer battery life and a larger power output.
  • the total energy of the power supply device 30 is greater than or equal to 20 Wh.
  • the maximum rated voltage of the power supply device 30 is set to 40V or more and 100V or less.
  • the chain saw 100 also includes a first drive unit for outputting power.
  • the first driving unit at least includes a first motor 41 .
  • the first motor 41 is provided in the main housing part 17 .
  • the first motor 41 has an output shaft 411.
  • the output shaft 411 drives the sprocket 22 to rotate.
  • the sprocket 22 drives the saw chain 21.
  • the saw chain 21 surrounds the edge of the guide plate 23 and can be cyclically guided by the guide plate 23. .
  • the guide plates 23 are basically distributed along the front and rear directions, one end of the guide plate 23 is supported on the housing 10 , and the other end extends out of the housing 10 along the longitudinal direction of the housing 10 .
  • the overall weight is relatively heavy after the power supply device 30 is installed.
  • the center of gravity of the chain saw 100 needs to be set close to the front handle 12 .
  • the first motor 41 and the saw chain 21 of the chain saw 100 are disposed at the front end of the chain saw 100 .
  • the power supply device 30 is provided at the rear end of the chain saw 100 relative to the first motor 41 .
  • the rear handle 11 is provided on the upper side of the power supply device 30 .
  • the maximum output power of the first motor 41 is greater than or equal to 300W. In some embodiments, the maximum output power of the first motor 41 is greater than or equal to 400W. The rated voltage U2 of the first motor 41 is less than or equal to 56V.
  • the chain saw 100 further includes an oil pump assembly 50 that is at least partially disposed in the first receiving space 103 formed by the housing 10 .
  • the pump oil assembly 50 is used to lubricate the saw chain 21 or the guide plate 23 of the chain saw 100 to improve the cutting efficiency and life of the chain saw 100 .
  • the oil pump assembly 50 includes an oil pump 51 for pumping lubricant to lubricate the saw chain 21 or the guide plate 22 , an oil pot 52 for storing lubricant, and a second driving unit for driving the oil pump 51 .
  • the second drive unit includes at least a second motor 53 .
  • the second motor 53 is provided in the main housing part 17 .
  • the second driving unit further includes a solenoid valve or a ceramic piezoelectric pump or other energized motion device.
  • the maximum output power of the second motor 53 is greater than or equal to 0.5W. In some embodiments, the maximum output power of the second motor 53 is greater than or equal to 1W. In some embodiments, the rated voltage U2 of the second motor 53 is less than or equal to 12V.
  • the rated voltage of the first motor is U1, its unit is V
  • the rated voltage of the second motor is U2, its unit is V
  • the product of the rated voltage U1 of the first motor and the rated voltage U2 of the second motor is less than or equal to 1000V 2 . In some embodiments, the product of the rated voltage U1 of the first motor 41 and the rated voltage U2 of the second motor is less than or equal to 800V 2 .
  • V 2 refers to the unit formed by the product of voltage and voltage.
  • the weight of the second motor 53 is greater than or equal to 200g. In some embodiments, the weight of the second motor 53 is greater than or equal to 300g. In some embodiments, the ratio of the weights of the first motor 41 and the second motor 53 is greater than or equal to 1.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of the weights of the first motor 41 and the second motor 53 is greater than or equal to 2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of the weights of the first motor 41 and the second motor 53 is greater than or equal to 3.
  • the oil pot 52 includes a pot lid 521 and a pot body 522 .
  • the pot body 522 and the pot lid 521 are connected by threads.
  • the pot body 522 is fixedly installed in the housing 10 and contains engine oil to lubricate the saw chain 21 .
  • the pot body 522 is fixedly installed on the left housing 15 and is at least partially exposed from the left housing 15 .
  • reminder marks are provided on the pot body 522, namely the maximum refueling amount mark and the minimum refueling amount mark, which are used to remind the user of the maximum and minimum refueling amounts.
  • the oil bottle 52 is located in front of the first motor 41 in the front-rear direction. It can be understood that the position of the oil bottle 52 can be set at any position in the first accommodation space 103 according to the internal structure of the chain saw. Of course, it can also be arranged outside the first accommodation space 103, that is, in an area outside the housing 10.
  • the oil pump 51 is connected to the oil pot 52 and is driven by the second motor 53 to transmit the lubricant in the oil pot 52 to the saw chain 21 or the guide plate 23 .
  • the oil pump 51 is connected with an oil inlet pipe 511 and an oil outlet pipe 512 .
  • the oil inlet pipe 511 is connected with the oil pot 52
  • the oil outlet pipe 512 has an oil outlet port 512 a located near the guide plate 23 .
  • the second motor 53 drives the oil pump 51 to work. Under the action of the oil pump 51, the lubricant in the oil pot 52 flows through the oil inlet pipe 511, the oil pump 51, the oil outlet pipe 512, and then exits from the oil outlet port 512a. Outflow.
  • the oil outlet port 512a is connected to a guide member 512b.
  • the lubricant flows out from the oil outlet 512a and then drips into the oil outlet 231 formed on the guide plate 23 through the guide member 512b.
  • the saw chain 21 rotates around the guide plate 23, it will The lubricant dripping on the guide plate 23 is automatically taken away to achieve the lubrication effect.
  • the distance from the center of gravity G2 of the second motor 53 to the oil outlet 231 is L2, where the distance L2 is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 90 mm. In some embodiments, the distance from the center of gravity G2 of the second motor 53 to the oil outlet 231 is L2, where the distance L2 is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 70 mm. In some embodiments, the distance from the center of gravity G2 of the second motor 53 to the oil outlet 231 is L2, where the distance L2 is greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm. In this way, by reasonably arranging the position of the second motor 53 inside the main housing part 17, the second motor 53 is relatively close to the oil outlet 231, thereby improving the oil outlet efficiency of the pump oil assembly, and the overall structural arrangement of the machine Also relatively compact.
  • a first transmission gear 531 and a second transmission gear 532 are also provided between the second motor 53 and the oil pump 51 .
  • the first transmission gear 531 is driven by the second motor 52
  • the second transmission gear 532 is driven by the first transmission gear 531 , thereby driving the electric pump 51 to run.
  • a gear transmission is provided between the second motor 53 and the oil pump 51.
  • the gear transmission is provided to reduce the rotation speed output by the second motor. In this way, it is convenient for the second motor to rotate at a higher speed. Selection and design of two motors. Of course, those skilled in the art can use the second motor 53 to directly drive the oil pump 51 .
  • oil pumps 51 there are many types of oil pumps 51 to choose from, such as peristaltic pumps, diaphragm pumps, plunger pumps, vane pumps or gear pumps. Since the plunger pump has the advantages of high rated pressure, compact structure, high efficiency and convenient flow adjustment, in order to improve the working stability of the pump oil assembly 50, the oil pump 51 in this embodiment uses a plunger pump. Of course, there are many experts in this field. Technicians can also use other types of oil pumps when designing. Next, the working mode of the pump oil assembly 50 will be briefly introduced.
  • the oil pump 51 has a cylinder 513, a piston 514 provided in the cylinder 513, and a rotation shaft 515 for driving the piston 514 to operate.
  • the cylinder 513 has an oil inlet hole 513a and an oil outlet hole 513b.
  • the oil inlet hole 513a is used to connect the oil inlet pipe 511
  • the oil outlet hole 513b is used to connect the oil outlet pipe 512.
  • the piston 514 is generally columnar and can reciprocate in the cylinder 513 along the first axis 101 driven by the rotating shaft 515 .
  • the rotating shaft 515 is driven by the second transmission gear 532 to rotate around the first axis 101 .
  • a limiting groove 515a is formed on the rotating shaft 515, and a limiting hole 514c is formed on the piston 514.
  • a fixing pin 514d is provided in the limiting hole 514c. One end of the fixing pin 514d is connected to the piston 514, and the other end of the fixing pin 514d is connected to the piston 514. One end is disposed in the limiting groove 515a and can move in the limiting groove 515a along the extending direction of the limiting groove 515a.
  • the piston 514 and the rotating shaft 515 form an oil chamber 514a for containing lubricant.
  • the volume of the oil chamber 514a also changes accordingly.
  • One end of the rotating shaft 515 is also formed with a cut surface 515b.
  • the cut surface 515b of the rotating shaft 515 is opposite to the oil inlet hole 513a, the oil pot 52 is connected to the oil chamber 514a.
  • the piston 514 moves in the first direction, and the lubricant moves under the air pressure. It is sucked from the oil pot 52 into the oil chamber 514a through the oil inlet pipe 511.
  • the cut surface 515b is staggered from the oil inlet hole 513a, and the oil suction process ends at this time.
  • the rotating shaft 515 starts to move in the second direction.
  • the lubricant in the oil chamber 514a flows into the oil outlet pipe 512 through the oil outlet hole 513a, and finally flows out from the outlet pipe.
  • the oil flows out from port 512a, and the oil discharging process ends at this time.
  • the oil pump assembly 50 continuously completes the operations of absorbing and discharging oil, thereby achieving lubrication of the saw chain 21 and the guide plate 23 .
  • the working process of the oil pump assembly 50 is as follows: the second motor 53 drives the first transmission gear 531 to rotate around an axis parallel to the first axis 101, thereby driving the second transmission gear 532 to rotate, and the second transmission gear 532 drives the rotation shaft 515 to rotate around the first axis 101.
  • the rotating shaft 515 drives the piston 514 to reciprocate along the first axis 101 .
  • the oil pump assembly 50 enters the oil suction state.
  • the oil pump assembly 50 enters the oil discharging state.
  • the second motor 53 drives the oil pump 51 to work using a direct drive or a low speed ratio transmission structure.
  • the average rotation speed of the rotating shaft 515 of the oil pump 51 driven by the second motor 53 is greater than or equal to 100 rad/min.
  • the average rotation speed of the rotating shaft 515 of the oil pump 51 driven by the second motor 53 is greater than or equal to 120 rad/min.
  • the oil pump assembly 50 further includes a motor housing 54 formed with a second accommodation space 543 for accommodating the second motor 53 and at least part of the oil pump 51.
  • the motor housing 54 includes a first part 541 and a second part 542 for forming the second accommodation space, and the first part 541 and the second part 542 are assembled by screw fastening.
  • the first part 541 of the motor housing 54 and the oil pot 52 are integrally formed. It can be understood that the motor housing 54 can also be used as an independent mechanism and is assembled to the oil pot 52 in a fixed installation manner.
  • the pump oil assembly 50 composed of the oil pump 51, the oil pot 52, the second motor 53 and the motor housing 54 into the housing 10 as a whole, on the one hand, the structure inside the housing 10 is made more compact, and the lubrication is improved. The agent flow path is shorter, thereby improving lubrication efficiency.
  • the pump oil assembly 50 when taken as a whole, it can reduce the difficulty of assembly and disassembly, which is beneficial to reducing costs and later maintenance.
  • the first motor 41 and the second motor 53 are disposed in the first accommodation space 103 , and the first motor 41 is located behind the second motor 53 in the front-rear direction. In some embodiments, at least part of the first motor 41 or the second motor 53 is located between the front handle 12 and the rear handle 11 in the front-to-back direction.
  • the first motor 41 has a center of gravity G1
  • the second motor 53 has a center of gravity G2
  • the distance between the center of gravity G1 and the center of gravity G2 is L1 and is less than or equal to 1 meter. In some embodiments, the distance L1 between the center of gravity G1 and the center of gravity G2 is less than or equal to 0.7 m.
  • the distance L1 between the center of gravity G1 and the center of gravity G2 is less than or equal to 0.4 m. In this way, rationally arranging the first motor 41 and the second motor 53 in the first accommodation space 103 can make the overall structure of the chain saw 100 more compact. In this embodiment, the length of the second motor 53 is less than or equal to 50 mm.
  • the length of the oil outlet pipe 512 is greater than or equal to 50 mm. In some embodiments, the length of the oil flow pipe 512 is greater than or equal to 70 mm.
  • the oil pump 51 , the second motor 53 and the motor housing 54 may not be installed on the oil pot 52 .
  • the oil pump 51 and the second motor 53 and the motor housing 54 are mounted between the first motor 41 and the rear handle 11 .
  • the oil pump 51 and the second motor 53 and the motor housing 54 are installed into the accommodation space formed by the rear handle 11 .
  • the oil pump assembly 50 can also be installed at the rear side of the first motor 41 or at other locations.
  • a gearbox with a variable transmission ratio is provided between the second motor 53 and the oil pump 51 .
  • the oil output of the oil pump is changed.
  • a switch for adjusting the gearbox transmission ratio is provided on the housing 10 , and the user controls the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 515 by operating the switch, thereby controlling the oil output of the oil pump assembly 50 .
  • the chain saw 100 further includes a circuit board assembly 60 disposed within the first receiving space 103.
  • the circuit board assembly 60 is electrically connected to at least the first motor 41 and the second motor 53 for controlling the rotation of the first motor 41 and the second motor 53 .
  • circuit board assembly 60 includes first controller 61 and second controller 62 .
  • the first controller 61 is electrically connected to the first motor 41 and is used to control the operation of the first motor 41 .
  • the second controller 62 is electrically connected to the second motor 53 and is used to control the operation of the second motor 53 .
  • the chain saw 100 further includes a detection device 63 for detecting the status of lubricant flowing through the oil inlet pipe 511 or the oil outlet pipe 512 .
  • the detection device 63 may be a sensor.
  • the detection device 63 is installed near the oil outlet pipe 512 .
  • the second controller 62 is connected to the detection device 63 and is used to detect the status of the lubricant flowing through the oil outlet pipe 512 in real time.
  • the second controller 62 is configured to send the first signal to the first controller 61 when the detection device 63 outputs a fuel shortage signal.
  • the first controller 61 is configured to control the rotation speed of the first motor based on the received first signal.
  • the first controller 61 and the second controller 62 are provided on the same circuit board.
  • the first controller 61 and the second controller 62 can also be configured as the same controller.
  • the circuit board assembly includes a first circuit board assembly 60a and a second circuit board assembly 60b.
  • the first circuit board assembly 60a is provided with a first controller 61a for controlling the operation of the first motor 41.
  • the second circuit board assembly 60b is provided with a second controller 62b for controlling the operation of the second motor 53.
  • the first circuit board assembly 60a and the second circuit board 60b are installed separately.
  • the second circuit board assembly 60b is fixedly installed on the oil pump assembly 50, and as a whole with the oil pump assembly 50, can be detachably taken out of the first accommodation space 103.
  • the chain saw 100 When cutting a workpiece, the user will adjust the rotation speed of the first motor 41 of the chain saw 100 according to the actual working conditions, thereby adjusting the cutting speed. When the cutting speed of the chain saw 100 is faster, more lubricant is required. On the contrary, when the cutting speed of the chain saw 100 is slow or the cutting speed lasts for a period of time, relatively less lubricant is required.
  • the chain saw 100 in this embodiment further includes an oil volume adjusting device 64 for adjusting the rotation speed of the second motor 53 . It can be understood that when the rotation speed of the second motor 53 is faster, the oil output volume of the oil pump assembly 50 is greater.
  • the oil output amount of the oil pump assembly 50 is smaller. It should be noted that the above oil output refers to the oil output of the pump oil assembly 50 per unit time, that is, the oil output of the oil outlet port 512a per minute.
  • the oil volume adjustment device 64 may be disposed on the housing 10 for user operation. In some embodiments, the oil volume adjusting device 64 can be disposed on the rear handle 11 so that the user can more conveniently operate the speed regulating device 64 to adjust the current oil output of the chain saw 100 when operating the chain saw 100 for cutting. . Of course, the oil quantity adjusting device 64 can also be disposed at other locations on the chain saw 100 . In this embodiment, the oil quantity adjusting device 64 is configured as a button, a knob, or other forms.
  • the chain saw 100 does not need to be provided with a detection device for detecting the status of the lubricant.
  • the second controller 62 is configured to: obtain the working parameters of the second motor 53, and control the rotation speed of the first motor 41 or the second motor 53 based on the obtained working parameters.
  • the working parameters of the second motor 53 include but are not limited to working current, rotational speed and torque.
  • the second motor 53 is used to drive the oil pump 51 to transfer the lubricant in the oil pot 52 to the guide plate 23 . It can be understood that when the lubricant in the oil bottle 52 is less or exhausted, the operating parameters of the second motor 53 will change. For example, the operating current of the second motor 53 will increase, the rotation speed will decrease, and the torque will increase. Therefore, the state of the lubricant in the oil pot, that is, whether there is lubricant or not, can be determined through the real-time operating parameters of the second motor 53 mentioned above.
  • a control method for adjusting the oil output of a chain saw will be described below in conjunction with Figure 13.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • the first current threshold it is directly determined whether the lubricant in the oil pot is exhausted.
  • the first motor and the second motor are turned off, thereby ensuring that the saw chain does not work in a lubricant-free state, and further improving the life of the saw chain and the guide plate.
  • a first current threshold and a second current threshold are set, where the first current threshold is greater than the second current threshold.
  • the speed of the first motor or the second motor is limited, thereby limiting the flow of lubricant flowing out of the oil pump.
  • the variation of the operating current of the second motor is greater than or equal to the first current threshold, the first motor and the second motor are turned off. In this way, while ensuring that the saw chain does not work in a lubricant-free state, it can also effectively prevent the chain saw from suddenly shutting down due to lack of oil, which would cause inconvenience to the user's cutting operation.
  • control method only takes the operating current of the second motor as an example, and may also be based on other operating parameters, such as changes in the rotational speed and torque of the second motor.
  • operation of the first motor and the second motor can also be controlled through a combination of different working parameters, such as based on changes in the working current and torque of the second motor.
  • the working parameters related to the second motor that can be enumerated by those skilled in the art should be included in the scope of protection of this application.
  • the second controller 62 is configured to: obtain the operating parameters of the power supply device, and control the rotation speed of the first motor 41 or the second motor 53 based on the obtained operating parameters.
  • the working parameters of the power supply device include but are not limited to supply current or supply voltage.
  • the second motor 53 is used to drive the oil pump 51 to transfer the lubricant in the oil pot 52 to the guide plate 23 . It can be understood that when the lubricant in the oil pot 52 is low or empty, the supply current or supply voltage output by the power supply device will change. For example, when the lubricant in the oil bottle is used up, the supply current or supply voltage of the power supply device will increase. Therefore, the status of the lubricant in the oil pot, that is, the presence of lubricant or the absence of lubricant, can be determined through the real-time operating parameters of the above-mentioned power supply device.
  • the oil pump in the pump oil assembly usually has processing errors during processing, or is prone to wear after long-term use, which can easily cause the oil pump's oil output to be unstable. For example, the oil output of the pump oil component decreases or increases, or the oil pump discharges oil while injecting oil, thereby reducing the pump oil efficiency.
  • the control method of the pump oil component with adaptive adjustment of oil output will be introduced.
  • the oil pump assembly 50 has the function of adaptively adjusting the oil output. It can be understood that the oil output volume in this embodiment is not adjusted by the oil volume adjusting device.
  • the second controller is configured to: control the second motor to start and drive the second motor to run at a preset speed; obtain the time for the pump oil assembly to go from the first state to the second state, and set the time based on the obtained time. Set the preset speed of the second motor. Wherein, when the oil pump assembly is in the first state, the lubricant in the oil pot is in a full state, and when the oil pump assembly is in the second state, the lubricant in the oil pot is in a depleted state.
  • the preset speed of the second motor when the time obtained by the second controller is greater than or equal to the first time threshold, the preset speed of the second motor is increased; when the time obtained by the second controller is less than the second time threshold, the preset speed is decreased. The preset speed of the second motor. Wherein, the second time threshold is less than or equal to the first time threshold.
  • step S31 Determine whether the oil pump assembly is in the first state. If so, perform step S32; if not, control the second motor to run at a preset speed.
  • step S34 Determine whether the oil pump assembly is in the second state. If so, execute step S35; if not, execute step S33.
  • step S39 Determine that the running time is less than the preset second time threshold. If yes, execute step S310; if not, keep the preset rotation speed of the second motor unchanged.
  • the oil output of the pump oil assembly can be adaptively adjusted, so that the oil output of the pump oil assembly can remain stable.
  • the preset rotation speed of the second motor is set to ensure that the oil output of the pump oil assembly is approximately 10 mL/min.
  • the oil output of the pump oil component is stable, which can ensure the operating time of the oil tank estimated by the user, thus ensuring the cutting efficiency and the life of the guide plate chain.
  • the chain saw 100 also has an oil output memory function to facilitate matching the user's habits.
  • the chain saw 100 also has a storage unit for storing the rotation speed of the second motor 53 before power is cut off.
  • the second controller is configured to: obtain the power-on signal of the second motor, query the rotation speed of the second motor in the storage unit, and control the start of the second motor based on the rotation speed.
  • the oil pump assembly 50 has at least a first operating mode and a second operating mode.
  • the second motor 53 continues to drive the oil pump 51 to continuously output lubricant to the guide plate.
  • the second motor 53 drives the oil pump 51 to operate intermittently to output lubricant to the guide plate intermittently.
  • the first working mode can be selected to ensure that the chain and the guide plate of the chain saw 100 are always in a better lubrication state.
  • the second working mode can be selected to ensure the lubrication effect and avoid wasting lubricant.
  • the chain saw further includes a temperature sensor for obtaining the temperature of the guide plate or saw chain. Because during the cutting process of the chain saw, when the cutting speed is faster or the cutting time is longer, the temperature of the guide plate or saw chain will rise, so more lubricant should be provided to the guide plate or chain saw.
  • the second controller obtains the temperature of the guide plate or saw chain through a temperature sensor, and adjusts the rotation speed of the second motor or the oil output of the oil pump assembly based on the obtained temperature. It can be understood that when the temperature is low, the rotation speed of the second motor can be reduced, thereby reducing the oil output of the pump oil assembly.
  • the second motor drives the oil pump intermittently to output lubricant to the guide plate intermittently.
  • the second controller obtains the temperature of the guide plate or saw chain through the temperature sensor, and adjusts the intermittent oil output time of the pump oil assembly based on the obtained temperature, thereby adjusting the oil output amount of the pump oil assembly.
  • the first controller and the second controller may be two different controllers, or of course, may be the same controller.
  • the chain saw also includes a pressure sensor for sensing the force exerted on the chain saw by a user.
  • the pressure sensor can be installed on the rear handle or the front handle.
  • the second controller obtains the force exerted by the user on the chain saw through the pressure sensor, and adjusts the rotation speed of the second motor or the oil output of the oil pump assembly based on the obtained force. It can be understood that when the force exerted by the user on the chain saw increases, the rotation speed of the second motor can be increased, thereby increasing the oil output of the oil pump assembly. When the force exerted by the user on the chain saw decreases, the rotation speed of the second motor can be reduced, thereby reducing the oil output of the oil pump assembly.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
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Abstract

一种链锯（100），包括：壳体（10）；第一马达（41），由壳体（10）支撑；锯链（21），由第一马达（41）驱动以执行切割功能；导板（23），导板的一端由壳体（10）支撑，用于对锯链（21）进行支撑和导向；泵油组件（50），包括用于泵送润滑剂以润滑锯链（21）或导板（23）的油泵（51）和用于存储润滑剂的油壶（52）；用于驱动油泵（51）的第二马达（53）；第一马达（41）的重心与第二马达（53）的重心之间的距离小于或等于 1m。

Description

链锯 技术领域
本申请涉及一种电动工具，例如涉及一种链锯。
背景技术
链锯是一种通过动力装置带动锯链上的刀片横向运动来进行切割木材或树枝的园林工具。为了让链锯能够稳定地运行，需要确保用于引导锯链的导板和锯链之间的有效润滑以减少摩擦，该摩擦会产生热、降低切割效率、加速零件的磨损以及耗费能量。为此，大多链锯中均设置有泵油组件，通过油泵将润滑剂传输至导板或锯链以润滑它们，且该油泵和锯链由同一个马达进行驱动。
发明内容
本申请公开一种链锯，包括：壳体；第一马达，由所述壳体支撑；锯链，由所述第一马达驱动以执行切割功能；导板，所述导板的一端由所述壳体支撑，用于对所述锯链进行支撑和导向；泵油组件，包括用于泵送润滑剂以润滑所述锯链或所述导板的油泵和用于存储所述润滑剂的油壶；还包括用于驱动所述油泵的第二马达；所述第一马达的重心与所述第二马达的重心之间的距离小于或等于1m。
一种链锯，包括：壳体；第一驱动单元，由所述壳体支撑；锯链，由所述第一驱动单元驱动以执行切割功能；导板，所述导板的一端由所述壳体支撑，用于对所述锯链进行支撑和导向；泵油组件，包括用于泵送润滑剂以润滑所述锯链或所述导板的油泵和用于存储所述润滑剂的油壶；还包括：用于驱动所述油泵的第二驱动单元；所述第一驱动单元的重心与所述第二驱动单元的重心之间的距离小于或等于1m。
一种链锯，包括：壳体；第一马达，由所述壳体支撑；锯链，由所述第一马达驱动以执行切割功能；导板，所述导板的一端由所述壳体支撑，用于对所述锯链进行支撑和导向；泵油组件，包括用于泵送润滑剂以润滑所述锯链或所述导板的油泵和用于存储所述润滑剂的油壶；还包括：用于驱动所述油泵的第二马达；所述第一马达的额定电压为U1，其单位为V；所述第二马达的额定电压为U2，其单位为V，所述第一马达的额定电压U1与所述第二马达的额定电压U2的乘积小于等于1000V 2。一种链锯，包括：壳体；第一马达，由所述壳 体支撑；锯链，由所述第一马达驱动以执行切割功能；导板，所述导板的一端由所述壳体支撑，用于对所述锯链进行支撑和导向；泵油组件，包括用于泵送润滑剂以润滑所述锯链或所述导板的油泵、用于存储所述润滑剂的油壶以及用于驱动所述油泵的第二马达；所述第二马达或所述油泵可拆卸地安装至所述油壶。
附图说明
图1是作为具体实施例的链锯的立体图；
图2是图1中的链锯在部分壳体被拆开后的立体图；
图3是图1中的链锯在左壳体被拆开后的立体图；
图4是图3中的链锯的结构爆炸图；
图5是第二马达的重心与出油口的位置关系图；
图6是图1中的链锯的泵油组件的立体图；
图7是图6中的泵油组件的结构爆炸图；
图8是图6中的泵油组件中的油泵的结构爆炸图；
图9是图6中的泵油组件中的油泵的剖视图；
图10是图1中的链锯在左壳体和油壶被拆开后的立体图；
图11是作为一种实施方式的电路系统控制框图；
图12是作为另一种实施方式的电路系统控制框图；
图13是第二控制器控制泵油组件的出油量的控制方法的流程图；
图14是第二控制器控制泵油组件的出油量的另一种控制方法的流程图；
图15是第二控制器控制泵油组件的出油量的又一种控制方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例对本申请进行介绍。
本领域普通技术人员将理解，结合数量或条件使用的相对术语(例如，“约”，“大约”，“大体上”等)为包括所述值并且具有上下文所指示的含义(例如，该术语至少包括与特定值的测量相关的误差程度，与特定值相关的公差(例如制造，组装，使用)等)。这种术语也应被视为公开了由两个端点的绝对值限定的范围。相对术语可指代所指示的值的加或减一定百分比(例如1％，5％，10％或更多)。当然，未采用相对术语的数值，也应该被揭示为具有公差的特定值。
本申请实施例改进了链锯的导板或锯链以及传动组件的润滑效率，减少润 滑剂的消耗，保证整机结构紧凑的同时，提供泵油组件出油的稳定性，提升用户的体验。
参见图1至图4所示，链锯100包括壳体10、锯链21、支撑在壳体10中并能带动锯链21运动的链轮22、对锯链21进行支撑导向的导板23。在一些实施例中，壳体10包括右壳体15和左壳体16，右壳体15和左壳体15沿左右方向进行组装后构成壳体10且形成第一容纳空间103。壳体10包括主壳体部17，主壳体部17形成或连接有供用户握持的后把手11，以及供用户提拎以配合后把手11操作链锯100的前把手12。在一些实施例中，后把手11上连接有用于控制链锯100运行状态的开关。在一些实施例中，开关包括第一开关111和第二开关112。当用户同时按下第一开关111和第二开关112时，链锯100才能够被启动，从而避免用户在手持链锯100时误操作接触到第一开关111启动链锯100导致意外发生。在一些实施例中，第二开关112通常作为安全启动开关，第一开关111通常作为上电以及调速开关。可以理解，用户在使用时大拇指按住第二开关112，食指或中指按住第一开关111进行链锯100的启动以及调速。
链锯100还包括设置在前把手12的前侧的护罩13。护罩13用于保护用户，避免用户在操作链锯100时，在反冲力的作用下被锯链21切伤。链锯100在工作时，也会产生一些飞溅物(例如木屑)划伤用户的握持在前把手12上的手部表面。
链锯100还包括为链锯100提供工作所需的电能的供电装置。供电装置30包括电池包，电池包可拆卸的连接至壳体10所形成的结合部14。应当理解，供电装置30并不限于使用电池包的场景，还可通过市电、交流电源，配合相应的整流、滤波和调压电路，实现对各电路元件的供电。在一些实施例中，供电装置30包括多个电池包，用于为链锯100提供较长的续航时间和较大的功率输出。在一些实施例中，供电装置30的总能量大于或等于20Wh。供电装置30的最大额定电压设置为大于等于40V且小于等于100V。
链锯100还包括用于输出动力的第一驱动单元。本实施例中，第一驱动单元至少包括第一马达41。第一马达41设置在主壳体部17内。在一些实施例中，第一马达41具有输出轴411，输出轴411驱动的链轮22转动，链轮22驱动锯链21，锯链21环绕在导板23边缘且能够被导板23循环地导引。导板23基本沿前后方向分布，导板23的一端支承于壳体10上，另一端沿壳体10的纵长方向延伸出壳体10。对于采用第一马达41驱动的链锯100，尤其是采用直流电驱动的链锯100，由于链锯100本身结构所限，其在安装供电装置30后整体重量 较重。为减少用户长期操作链锯100的疲惫感，需要将链锯100的重心设置到靠近前把手12的位置。在一些实施例中，链锯100的第一马达41及锯链21设置在链锯100的前端。供电装置30相对第一马达41设置在链锯100的后端。后把手11设置在供电装置30的上侧。
在一些实施例中，第一马达41的最大输出功率大于等于300W。在一些实施例中，第一马达41的最大输出功率大于等于400W。第一马达41的额定电压U2小于等于56V。
本实施例中，参见4至图9所示，链锯100还包括至少部分设置在壳体10所形成的第一容纳空间103内的泵油组件50。泵油组件50用于对链锯100的锯链21或导板23进行润滑以提高链锯100的切割效率和寿命。在一些实施例中，泵油组件50包括用于泵送润滑剂以润滑锯链21或导板22的油泵51、用于存储润滑剂的油壶52以及用于驱动油泵51的第二驱动单元。在一些实施例中，第二驱动单元至少包括第二马达53。第二马达53设置在主壳体部17内。在一些实施例中，第二驱动单元还包括电磁阀或陶瓷压电泵或其他通电运动装置。在一些实施例中，第二马达53的最大输出功率大于等于0.5W。在一些实施例中，第二马达53的最大输出功率大于等于1W。在一些实施例中，第二马达53的额定电压U2小于等于12V。第一马达的额定电压为U1，其单位为V，第二马达的额定电压为U2，其单位为V，第一马达的额定电压U1与第二马达的额定电压U2的乘积小于等于1000V 2。在一些实施例中，第一马达41的额定电压U1与第二马达的额定电压U2的乘积小于等于800V 2。其中，V 2是指电压与电压乘积后形成的单位。
本实施例中，第二马达53的重量大于等于200g。在一些实施例中，第二马达53的重量大于等于300g。在一些实施例中，第一马达41和第二马达53的重量的比值大于等于1.5。在一些实施例中，第一马达41和第二马达53的重量的比值大于等于2.5。在一些实施例中，第一马达41和第二马达53的重量的比值大于等于3。
在一些实施例中，油壶52包括壶盖521和壶身522。其中，壶身522和壶盖521采用螺纹连接。壶身522固定安装至壳体10中并盛放机油以润滑锯链21。本实施例中，壶身522固定安装于左壳体15并至少部分露出于左壳体15。为了方便用户查看剩余油量，壶身522上设置有提醒标志，分别为最大加油量标记和最小加油量标记用于提醒用户加油最大量以及最小量。本实施例中，油壶52在前后方向上位于第一马达41的前侧。可以理解，油壶52的位置可以依据链 锯的内部结构设置在第一容纳空间103内的任意位置，当然，也可以设置在第一容纳空间103外部，即设置在壳体10以外的区域。
油泵51与油壶52连接，在第二马达53的驱动下将油壶52中的润滑剂传输至锯链21或导板23上。在一些实施例中，油泵51连接有进油管511和出油管512。其中，进油管511与油壶52连通，出油管512具有设置在导板23附近的出油端口512a。泵油组件50在运行过程中，第二马达53驱动油泵51工作，油壶52中的润滑剂在油泵51的作用下，通过进油管511流经油泵51、出油管512后从出油端口512a流出。出油端口512a连接有导流构件512b，润滑剂从出油端口512a流出后经过导流构件512b滴落在导板23上形成的出油口231内，当锯链21环绕导板23转动时，会自动带走滴落在导板23上的润滑剂，从而实现润滑效果。
本实施例中，参见图5所示，第二马达53的重心G2到出油口231的距离为L2，其中距离L2大于等于10mm且小于等于90mm。在一些实施例中，第二马达53的重心G2到出油口231的距离为L2，其中距离L2大于等于15mm且小于等于70mm。在一些实施例中，第二马达53的重心G2到出油口231的距离为L2，其中距离L2大于等于25mm且小于等于50mm。这样，通过合理排布第二马达53在主壳体部17内部的位置，使得第二马达53距离出油口231的位置比较近，提高泵油组件的出油效率，且整机结构排布也比较紧凑。
在一些实施例中，第二马达53和油泵51之间还设置有第一传动齿轮531和第二传动齿轮532。其中，第一传动齿轮531由第二马达52驱动，第二传动齿轮532由第一传动齿轮531驱动，从而带动电泵51运行。本实施例中，在第二马达53和油泵51之间设置了齿轮传动，是考虑到油泵51不需要较高的转速，通过设置齿轮传动将第二马达输出的转速进行减速，这样，便于第二马达的选型设计。当然，本领域的技术人员可以采用第二马达53直接驱动油泵51的方式。
本实施例中，油泵51可供选择的类型有多种，例如蠕动泵，隔膜泵，柱塞泵，叶片泵或齿轮泵等。由于柱塞泵具有额定压力高、结构紧凑、效率高和流量调节方便等优点，为了提高泵油组件50的工作的稳定性，本实施例中的油泵51选用柱塞泵，当然，本领域的技术人员在设计时，也可采用其他类型的油泵。接下来，将简单介绍泵油组件50的工作方式。
油泵51具有缸体513、设置在缸体513内的活塞514以及用于驱动活塞514运行的旋转轴515。其中，缸体513具有进油孔513a和出油孔513b。进油孔513a 用于连接进油管511，出油孔513b用于连接出油管512。活塞514大致呈柱状，能够在旋转轴515的驱动下在缸体513内沿第一轴线101方向做往复运动。旋转轴515由第二传动齿轮532驱动绕第一轴线101旋转。在一些实施例中，旋转轴515上形成有限位槽515a，活塞514上形成限位孔514c，限位孔514c中设置有固定销514d，固定销514d的一端连接活塞514，固定销514d的另一端设置在限位槽515a中，并能够在限位槽515a中沿着限位槽515a的延伸方向移动。当旋转轴515在第二传动齿轮532的驱动下绕第一轴线101转动时，固定销514d在限位槽515a的作用下带动活塞514沿第一轴线101做往复运动。活塞514与旋转轴515形成有用于容纳润滑剂的油腔514a，当活塞514在沿第一轴线101方向做往复运动时，油腔514a的容积也随之变化。旋转轴515的一端还形成有一切面515b，当旋转轴515的切面515b与进油孔513a相对时，油壶52与油腔514a连通，此时活塞514沿第一方向运动，润滑剂在气压的作用下被从油壶52中通过进油管511吸到油腔514a中。随着旋转轴515的继续旋转，切面515b与进油孔513a错开，此时吸油过程结束。当切面515b旋转至于出油孔513b相对时，旋转轴515开始沿第二方向运动，在气压的作用下，油腔514a中的润滑剂通过出油孔513a流进入出油管512中，最终从出油端口512a中流出，此时出油过程结束。随着旋转轴515的旋转，泵油组件50不断完成吸油和出油的操作，从而实现对锯链21和导板23的润滑。
泵油组件50的工作过程如下：第二马达53驱动第一传动齿轮531绕平行于第一轴线101的轴线转动，从而带动第二传动齿轮532转动，第二传动齿轮532驱动旋转轴515绕第一轴线101转动，旋转轴515带动活塞514沿第一轴线101做往复运动。当活塞514沿第一方向a运动时，泵油组件50进入吸油状态，当活塞514沿第二方向运动时，泵油组件50进入出油状态。
本实施例中，第二马达53采用直驱或通过低速比传动结构驱动油泵51工作。在一些实施例中，当泵油组件50的出油量为10mL/min时，油泵51的旋转轴515在第二马达53的驱动下的平均转速大于等于100rad/min。在一些实施例中，当泵油组件50的出油量为10mL/min时，油泵51的旋转轴515在第二马达53的驱动下的平均转速大于等于120rad/min。
以上介绍本申请中作为油泵的一种实施例，即柱塞泵的工作方式，但本领域的技术人员应当理解，还可以采用其他结构形式的柱塞泵或其他类型的油泵实现泵油的功能。
在一些实施例中，泵油组件50还包括形成有第二容纳空间543的马达壳体 54，用于容纳第二马达53以及至少部分的油泵51。在一些实施例中，马达壳体54包括用于形成第二容纳空间第一部分541和第二部分542，第一部分541和第二部分542通过螺钉紧固的方式进行装配。本实施例中，马达壳体54的第一部分541与油壶52一体成型。可以理解，马达壳体54也可作为独立机构，通过固定安装的方式装配至油壶52上。这样，通过将由油泵51、油壶52、第二马达53以及马达壳体54构成的泵油组件50作为一个整体安装至壳体10中，一方面，使得壳体10内的结构更加紧凑，润滑剂流动路径更短，从而提升润滑效率。另一方面，泵油组件50作为一个整体时，能够降低装配和拆卸的难度，有利于降低成本和后期维修。
参见图10所示，本实施例中，第一马达41和第二马达53设置在第一容纳空间103内，且在前后方向上，第一马达41位于第二马达53的后方。在一些实施例中，第一马达41或第二马达53的至少部分在前后方向上位于前把手12和后把手11之间。本实施例中，第一马达41具有重心G1，第二马达53具有重心G2，重心G1与重心G2之间的距离为L1小于等于1米。在一些实施例中，重心G1与重心G2之间的距离为L1小于等于0.7m米。在一些实施例中，重心G1与重心G2之间的距离为L1小于等于0.4m米。这样，将第一马达41和第二马达53合理排布在第一容纳空间103内，能够使得链锯100的整机结构更加紧凑。本实施例中，第二马达53的长度小于等于50mm。
这样，通过合理排布第一马达41和第二马达53的位置，使得整机结构紧凑的同时，还能够简化油路的排布，提供泵油效率。本实施例中，出油管512的长度大于或等于50mm。在一些实施例中，出油管512的长度大于或等于70mm。
在一些实施例中，油泵51和第二马达53以及马达壳体54还可以不安装在油壶52上。在一些实施例中，油泵51和第二马达53以及马达壳体54安装至第一马达41与后把手11之间。在一些实施例中，油泵51和第二马达53以及马达壳体54安装至后把手11所形成的容纳空间内。当然，也可以将泵油组件50安装至第一马达41的后侧或其他的位置。
在一些实施例中，第二马达53和油泵51之间设置有传动比可变的齿轮箱，通过调节齿轮箱的传动比，从而改变油泵的出油量。在一些实施例中，在壳体10上设置用于调节齿轮箱传动比的开关，用户通过操作开关，控制旋转轴515的转动速度，从而控制油泵组件50的出油量。
参见图4以及图11所示，链锯100的正常运行还需依赖电路系统。在一些 实施例中，链锯100还包括设置在第一容纳空间103内的电路板组件60。电路板组件60至少与第一马达41和第二马达53电连接，用于控制第一马达41和第二马达53的转动。在一些实施例中，电路板组件60包括第一控制器61和第二控制器62。其中，第一控制器61与第一马达41电连接，用于控制第一马达41的运行。第二控制器62与第二马达53电连接，用于控制第二马达53的运行。在一些实施例中，链锯100还包括用于检测流经进油管511或出油管512的润滑剂的状态的检测装置63。在一些实施例中，检测装置63可选用传感器。本实施例中，检测装置63安装在出油管512附近。第二控制器62与检测装置63连接，用于实时检测流经出油管512内的润滑剂的状态。第二控制器62被配置为：当获取到检测装置63输出缺油信号时，发送第一信号至第一控制器61。第一控制器61被配置为：基于接收到的第一信号，控制第一马达的转速。本实施例中，第一控制器61和第二控制器62设置在同一个电路板上。当然，第一控制器61和第二控制器62也可以设置为同一个控制器。
在一些实施例中，参见图12所示，电路板组件包括第一电路板组件60a和第二电路板组件60b。其中，第一电路板组件60a上设置有第一控制器61a，用于控制第一马达41的运行。第二电路板组件60b上设置有第二控制器62b，用于控制第二马达53的运行。本实施例中，第一电路板组件60a与第二电路板60b分开安装。作为一种实施方式，第二电路板组件60b固定安装在泵油组件50上，与泵油组件50作为一个整体，可拆卸地从第一容纳空间103中取出。
用户在切割加工件时，会依据实际工况调节链锯100的第一马达41的转速，从而调节切割速度。当链锯100的切割速度较快时，所需要的润滑剂也会越多。反之，当链锯100的切割速度较慢或段时间切割时，所需要的润滑剂相对会较少。为了便于调节泵油组件50的出油量以使其与用户需求相适配，本实施例中的链锯100还包括用于调节第二马达53转速的油量调节装置64。可以理解，当第二马达53的转速越快时，泵油组件50的出油量则越多。当然，当第二马达53的转速越慢时，泵油组件50的出油量则越少。需要说明的是，上述的出油量是指泵油组件50在单位时间内的出油量，即出油端口512a每分钟内的出油量。
在一些实施例中，油量调节装置64可以设置在壳体10上以供用户操作。在一些实施例中，油量调节装置64可以设置在后把手11的上，以便用户在操作链锯100进行切割时能够较方便地操作调速装置64以调节链锯100的当前的出油量。当然，油量调节装置64也可以设置在链锯100的其他位置上。本实施例中，油量调节装置64设置为按钮、旋钮或其他形式。
在一些实施例中，链锯100无需设置用于检测润滑剂的状态的检测装置。在一些实施例中，第二控制器62被配置为：获取第二马达53的工作参数，基于获取的工作参数，控制第一马达41或第二马达53的转速。其中，第二马达53的工作参数包括但不限于工作电流、转速以及扭矩。第二马达53用于驱动油泵51将油壶52中的润滑剂传输至导板23。可以理解，当油壶52中的润滑剂较少或耗尽时，第二马达53的工作参数会发生变化。例如，第二马达53的工作电流会增大、转速会降低以及扭矩会增大。因此，可以通过上述的第二马达53的实时工作参数判定油壶中的润滑剂的状态，即有润滑剂或无润滑剂。
下面将结合图13说明链锯调节出油量的一种控制方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
S10：启动第二马达。
S11：获取第二马达的工作电流的变化量。
S12：判断第二马达的工作电流的变化量是否大于等于预设的第一电流阈值，如是，则执行步骤S13；若否，则执行步骤S11。
S13：关断第一马达以及第二马达。
这样，通过设置第一电流阈值，从而直接判断油壶中的润滑剂是否处于耗尽的状态。当润滑剂处于耗尽状态时，关断第一马达和第二马达，从而保证锯链不工作在无润滑剂的状态，进一步地提高锯链和导板的寿命。
下面将结合图14说明链锯调节出油量的另一种控制方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
S20：启动第二马达。
S21：获取第二马达的工作电流的变化量。
S22：判断第二马达的工作电流的变化量是否大于或等于预设的第二电流阈值，如是，则执行步骤S23；若否，则执行步骤S21；
S23：控制第一马达或第二马达减速。
S24：判断第二马达的工作电流的变化量是否大于等于预设的第一电流阈值，如是，则执行步骤S25；若否，则执行步骤S21；
S25：关断第一马达以及第二马达。
与上述的实施例不同的是，本实施例中通过设置第一电流阈值和第二电流阈值，其中第一电流阈值大于第二电流阈值。当第二马达的工作电流的变化量达到第二电流阈值时，对第一马达或第二马达进行限速，从而对流出油泵的润滑剂进行限流。当第二马达的工作电流的变化量大于或等于第一电流阈值时， 关断第一马达和第二马达。这样，保证锯链不工作在无润滑剂的状态的同时，还能够有效避免链锯因缺油而突然停机，给用户的切割操作带来不便。当用户在正常控制链锯进行切割操作时，当发现出油量急剧减少时，则能够获取油壶中的润滑剂即将耗尽，可尽快结束切割操作，补充润滑剂。
需要说明的是，上述的控制方法仅仅以第二马达的工作电流为例，还可以依据其他的工作参数，如第二马达的转速的变化量以及扭矩的变化量。当然，也可以通过不同工作参数的组合，如基于第二马达的工作电流和扭矩的变化量，控制第一马达和第二马达的运行。本领域的技术人员能够列举的与第二马达相关的工作参数均应囊括在本申请所保护的范围内。
在一些实施例中，第二控制器62被配置为：获取供电装置的工作参数，基于获取的工作参数，控制第一马达41或第二马达53的转速。其中，供电装置的工作参数包括但不限于供电电流或供电电压。第二马达53用于驱动油泵51将油壶52中的润滑剂传输至导板23。可以理解，当油壶52中的润滑剂较少或清空时，供电装置输出的供电电流或供电电压会产生变化。例如，当油壶中的润滑剂已用完时，供电装置的供电电流或供电电压会增大。因此，可以通过上述的供电装置的实时工作参数判定油壶中的润滑剂的状态，即有润滑剂或无润滑剂。
泵油组件中的油泵在加工时通常存在加工误差，或长时间使用后易发生磨损，容易造成油泵的出油量不稳定的现象。例如，泵油组件的出油量降低或增加，或油泵在进油的同时会出油，从而降低泵油效率。接下来，将介绍具有自适应调节出油量的泵油组件的控制方法。
在一些实施例中，泵油组件50具有自适应调节出油量的功能。可以理解为，本实施例中的出油量不通过油量调节装置来调节。在一些实施例中，第二控制器被配置为：控制第二马达启动且驱动第二马达以预设转速运行；获取泵油组件从第一状态至第二状态的时间，基于获取的时间设定第二马达的预设转速。其中，当泵油组件处于第一状态时，油壶中的润滑剂为加满状态，当泵油组件处于第二状态时，油壶中的润滑剂为耗尽状态。
在一些实施例中，当第二控制器获取到的时间大于或等于第一时间阈值时，提高第二马达的预设转速；当第二控制器获取到的时间小于第二时间阈值时，降低第二马达的预设转速。其中，第二时间阈值小于或等于第一时间阈值。
下面将结合图15说明链锯调节出油量的另一种控制方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
S30：启动第二马达。
S31：判断泵油组件是否处于第一状态，若是，则执行步骤S32；若否，则控制第二马达以预设转速运行。
S32：开始计时。
S33：控制第二马达以预设转速运行。
S34：判断泵油组件是否处于第二状态，若是，则执行步骤S35；若否，则执行步骤S33。
S35：关断第二马达。
S36：获取泵油组件的运行时间。
S37：判断运行时间大于预设第一时间阈值，若是，则执行步骤S38；若否，则执行步骤S39。
S38：提高第二马达的预设转速。
S39：判断运行时间小于预设第二时间阈值，若是，则执行步骤S310；若否，保持第二马达预设转速不变。
S310：降低第二马达的预设转速。
这样，通过获取油壶中的润滑剂从加满状态至耗尽状态的时间，从而自适应调节泵油组件的出油量，使得泵油组件的出油量能够保持稳定。本实施例中，通过设定第二马达的预设转速，从而保证泵油组件的出油量大约为10mL/min。泵油组件的出油量稳定，可以保证用户估算的油壶油量的可运行时间，从而保证切割使用效率，导板链条等寿命。
在一些实施例中，链锯100还具有出油量记忆功能，便于匹配用户的习惯。在一些实施例中，链锯100还具有存储单元，用于存储第二马达53在断电前的转速。第二控制器被配置为：获取第二马达的上电信号，查询存储单元中第二马达的转速，并基于该转速控制第二马达启动。
在一些实施例中，泵油组件50至少具有第一工作模式和第二工作模式。在一些实施例中，当泵油组件50处于第一工作模式时，第二马达53持续驱动油泵51运行，以持续输出润滑剂至导板。当泵油组件50处于第二工作模式时，第二马达53间断性地驱动油泵51运行，以间断性地输出润滑剂至导板。可以理解，当用户需要操作链锯100进行长时间或者快速切割操作时，可以选择第一工作模式，以便保证链锯100的链条和导板能够一直处于较好的润滑状态。当用户需要操作链锯100进行短时间或低速切割操作时，可以选择第二工作模式，保证润滑效果的同时，避免浪费润滑剂。
在一些实施例中，链锯还包括温度传感器，用于获取导板或者锯链的温度。由于链锯在进行切割过程中，当其切割速度较快或切割时间较长时，导板或锯链的温度会上升，因而提供给导板或链锯的润滑剂应更多。在一些实施例中，第二控制器通过温度传感器获取导板或锯链的温度，并基于获取的温度调整第二马达的转速或泵油组件的出油量。可以理解，当温度较低时，可以降低第二马达的转速，从而减小泵油组件的出油量。当温度较高时，可以提升第二马达的转速，从而加大泵油组件的出油量。当然，当泵油组件处于第二工作模式时，第二马达间断性地驱动油泵运行，以间断性地输出润滑剂至导板。第二控制器通过温度传感器获取导板或锯链的温度，并基于获取的温度调整泵油组件间歇出油的时间，从而调节泵油组件的出油量。需要说明的是，第一控制器和第二控制器可以为两个不同的控制器，当然，也可以为同一个控制器。
在一些实施例中，链锯还包括压力传感器，用于感测用户施加在链锯上的力。其中，压力传感器可以安装在后把手上，也可以安装至前把手上。当链锯的切割过程中负载较大时，用户施加在链锯上的力也会相应的变大。在一些实施例中，第二控制器通过压力传感器获取用户施加在链锯上的作用力，并基于获取的作用力调整第二马达的转速或泵油组件的出油量。可以理解，当用户施加在链锯上的作用力增大时，可以提升第二马达的转速，从而加大泵油组件的出油量。当用户施加在链锯上的作用力减小时，可以降低第二马达的转速，从而减小泵油组件的出油量。
上述仅为本申请的一些实施例。本领域技术人员会理解，本申请不限于这里所述的特定实施例，对本领域技术人员来说能够进行各种明显的变化、重新调整和替代而不会脱离本申请的保护范围。

Claims (44)

  1. 一种链锯，包括：
    壳体；
    第一马达，由所述壳体支撑；
    锯链，由所述第一马达驱动以执行切割功能；
    导板，所述导板的一端由所述壳体支撑，用于对所述锯链进行支撑和导向；
    泵油组件，包括用于泵送润滑剂以润滑所述锯链或所述导板的油泵和用于存储所述润滑剂的油壶；
    所述链锯，还包括：
    用于驱动所述油泵的第二马达；所述第一马达的重心与所述第二马达的重心之间的距离小于或等于1m。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的链锯，其中，所述壳体包括用于形成第一容纳空间的左壳体和右壳体，所述第一马达和所述第二马达设置在所述第一容纳空间内，且在前后方向上，所述第一马达位于所述第二马达的后方。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的链锯，其中，所述壳体还连接或形成有可供用户握持的前把手和后把手，所述前把手靠近所述导板，所述后把手远离所述导板；所述第一马达或所述第二马达的至少部分在所述前后方向上位于所述前把手和所述后把手之间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的链锯，其中，所述泵油组件还包括与所述油泵相连的进油管和出油管，所述进油管与所述油壶相连，所述出油管具有设置在所述导板和所述锯链附近的出油端口；所述第二马达驱动所述油泵以将所述油壶中的润滑剂传输至所述出油端口以滴落在所述锯链或所述导板上的出油口。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的链锯，其中，所述出油管的长度小于等于50mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的链锯，其中，所述第一马达的最大输出功率大于等于300W；所述第二马达的最大输出功率大于等于0.5W。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的链锯，其中，所述第二马达直接驱动或低速比驱动所述油泵运行，所述第二马达的重量小于或等于200g。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的链锯，所述链锯还包括电路板组件，所述电路板组件上布置有第一控制器或第二控制器；所述第一控制器与所述第一马达相连，用于控制所述第一马达的转动；所述第二控制器与所述第二马达相连，用于控制所述第二马达的转动。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的链锯，所述链锯还包括检测装置，所述检测装置与所述第二控制器相连，用于检测流经所述进油管或所述出油管的润滑剂的状态。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的链锯，其中，所述第一控制器被配置为：基于所述第二控制器获取到的所述润滑剂的状态，控制所述第一马达的状态。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的链锯，其中，所述油泵包括蠕动泵，隔膜泵，柱塞泵，叶片泵或齿轮泵。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的链锯，所述链锯还包括供电装置，所述供电装置至少包括一个电池包；所述电池包可拆卸地连接至所述壳体，至少用于为所述第一马达和所述第二马达提供电能。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的链锯，其中，所述电池包的容量被设置大于等于20Wh；所述电池包的最大额定电压设置为大于等于40V且小于等于100V。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的链锯，所述链锯还包括供用户操作的调节装置，所述调节装置与所述电路板组件连接，至少用于调节所述第一马达或所述第二马达的转速。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的链锯，其中，所述第二控制器被配置为：基于所述调节装置的输出的触发信号控制所述第二马达的转速，从而控制所述泵油组件的出油量。
  16. 一种链锯，包括：
    壳体；
    第一驱动单元，由所述壳体支撑；
    锯链，由所述第一驱动单元驱动以执行切割功能；
    导板，所述导板的一端由所述壳体支撑，用于对所述锯链进行支撑和导向；
    泵油组件，包括用于泵送润滑剂以润滑所述锯链或所述导板的油泵和用于存储所述润滑剂的油壶；
    所述链锯，还包括：
    用于驱动所述油泵的第二驱动单元；所述第一驱动单元的重心与所述第二驱动单元的重心之间的距离小于或等于1m。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的链锯，其中，所述第一驱动单元包括第一马达；所述第二驱动单元包括第二马达或电磁阀。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的链锯，其中，所述壳体包括用于形成第一容纳空间的左壳体和右壳体，所述第一马达和所述第二马达设置在所述第一容纳空间内，且在前后方向上，所述第一马达位于所述第二马达的后方。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的链锯，其中，所述壳体还连接或形成有可供用户握持的前把手和后把手，所述前把手靠近所述导板，所述后把手远离所述导板； 所述第一马达或所述第二马达的至少部分在所述前后方向上位于所述前把手和所述后把手之间。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的链锯，其中，所述泵油组件还包括与所述油泵相连的进油管和出油管，所述进油管与所述油壶相连，所述出油管具有设置在所述导板和所述锯链附近的出油端口；所述第二马达驱动所述油泵以将所述油壶中的润滑剂传输至所述出油端口以滴落在所述锯链或所述导板上的出油口；所述出油管的长度小于等于50毫米。
  21. 一种链锯，包括：
    壳体；
    第一马达，由所述壳体支撑；
    锯链，由所述第一马达驱动以执行切割功能；
    导板，所述导板的一端由所述壳体支撑，用于对所述锯链进行支撑和导向；
    泵油组件，包括用于泵送润滑剂以润滑所述锯链或所述导板的油泵和用于存储所述润滑剂的油壶；
    所述链锯，还包括：
    用于驱动所述油泵的第二马达；所述第一马达的额定电压为U1，其单位为V；所述第二马达的额定电压为U2，其单位为V，所述第一马达的额定电压U1与所述第二马达的额定电压U2的乘积小于等于1000V 2。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的链锯，其中，所述第一马达的额定电压U1与所述第二马达的额定电压U2的乘积小于等于800V 2。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的链锯，其中，所述第一马达的额定电压小于等于56V，所述第二马达的额定电压小于等于12V。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述的链锯，其中，所述第一马达与所述第二马达的重量的比值大于等于1.5。
  25. 根据权利要求21所述的链锯，其中，所述第二马达的重量的最大值小于等于300g。
  26. 根据权利要求21所述的链锯，其中，所述第二马达的重量的最大值小于等于200g。
  27. 根据权利要求21所述的链锯，其中，所述第一马达的最大输出功率大于等于300W；所述第二马达的最大输出功率大于等于且小于等于1W。
  28. 根据权利要求21所述的链锯，其中，所述第一马达的最大输出功率大于等于400W；所述第二马达的最大输出功率大于等于且小于等于0.5W。
  29. 根据权利要求21所述的链锯，其中，所述第二马达驱动所述油泵运行时，所述油泵的出油量约10mL/min。
  30. 根据权利要求21所述的链锯，其中，所述第二马达驱动所述油泵运行时，所述油泵的出油量约10mL/min，所述第二马达的转速大于等于100rad/min。
  31. 根据权利要求21所述的链锯，其中，所述油泵包括蠕动泵，隔膜泵，柱塞泵，叶片泵或齿轮泵。
  32. 一种链锯，包括：
    壳体；
    第一马达，由所述壳体支撑；
    锯链，由所述第一马达驱动以执行切割功能；
    导板，所述导板的一端由所述壳体支撑，用于对所述锯链进行支撑和导向；
    泵油组件，包括用于泵送润滑剂以润滑所述锯链或所述导板的油泵、用于存储所述润滑剂的油壶以及用于驱动所述油泵的第二马达；
    其中，所述第二马达或所述油泵安装至所述油壶。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的链锯，其中，所述泵油组件和所述第一马达在左右方向上设置在所述导板的同一侧。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的链锯，其中，所述油泵和所述第二马达在左右方向上设置在导板和所述油壶之间。
  35. 根据权利要求32所述的链锯，其中，所述油壶形成或连接有用于形成第二容纳空间的马达壳体，所述油泵和所述第二马达设置在所述第二容纳空间内。
  36. 根据权利要求32所述的链锯，其中，所述泵油组件还包括与所述油泵相连的进油管和出油管，所述进油管与所述油壶相连，所述出油管具有设置在所述导板和所述锯链附近的出油端口，所述出油管的长度小于等于50mm。
  37. 根据权利要求32所述的链锯，其中，所述泵油组件还包括至少用于控制所述第二马达转动的电路板组件，所述电路板组件可拆卸地与所述油壶连接。
  38. 根据权利要求32所述的链锯，其中，所述第二马达驱动所述油泵运行时，所述油泵的出油量约10mL/min。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的链锯，其中，所述第二马达驱动所述油泵运行时，所述油泵的出油量约10mL/min，所述第二马达的转速大于等于100rad/min。
  40. 根据权利要求32所述的链锯，其中，所述油泵包括蠕动泵，隔膜泵，柱塞泵，叶片泵或齿轮泵。
  41. 根据权利要求32所述的链锯，所述链锯还包括供电装置，所述供电装置 至少包括一个电池包；所述电池包可拆卸地连接至所述壳体，至少用于为所述第一马达和所述第二马达提供电能。
  42. 一种链锯，包括：
    主壳体部，形成或连接有后把手；
    第一马达，由所述主壳体部支撑；
    锯链，由所述第一马达驱动以执行切割功能；
    导板，所述导板的一端由所述主壳体部支撑，用于对所述锯链进行支撑和导向；
    泵油组件，包括用于泵送润滑剂至出油口以润滑所述锯链或所述导板的油泵和用于存储所述润滑剂的油壶；
    所述链锯，还包括：
    用于驱动所述油泵的第二马达，所述第二马达设置在所述主壳体部内；
    所述第二马达的重心G2与所述出油口的距离L2大于等于10mm且小于等于90mm。
  43. 根据权利要求42所述的链锯，其中，所述泵油组件还包括与所述油泵相连的进油管和出油管，所述进油管与所述油壶相连，所述出油管具有设置在所述导板和所述锯链附近的出油端口；所述第二马达驱动所述油泵以将所述油壶中的润滑剂传输至所述出油端口以滴落在所述锯链或所述导板上的出油口。
  44. 根据权利要求43所述的链锯，其中，所述出油管的长度小于等于50mm。
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CN211362623U (zh) * 2019-08-02 2020-08-28 宁波奥晟机械有限公司 一种可调节链锯
CN112154890A (zh) * 2020-09-10 2021-01-01 广西徐沃工程机械设备有限公司 一种伐木机链锯锯条的润滑方法及装置

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