WO2023287227A1 - 전해질 조성물, 겔 폴리머 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 - Google Patents
전해질 조성물, 겔 폴리머 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023287227A1 WO2023287227A1 PCT/KR2022/010297 KR2022010297W WO2023287227A1 WO 2023287227 A1 WO2023287227 A1 WO 2023287227A1 KR 2022010297 W KR2022010297 W KR 2022010297W WO 2023287227 A1 WO2023287227 A1 WO 2023287227A1
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
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- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 39
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Co] CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
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- 229910006773 Si—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020997 Sn-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008859 Sn—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NXPZICSHDHGMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Mn].[Li] Chemical compound [Co].[Mn].[Li] NXPZICSHDHGMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni].[Li] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni].[Li] PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYXUQEDFWHDILZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].[Mn].[Li] Chemical compound [Ni].[Mn].[Li] ZYXUQEDFWHDILZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004419 alkynylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lithium cobalt(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Co++].[Ni++] NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011329 calcined coke Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- YQHLDYVWEZKEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene hydroperoxide Chemical compound OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YQHLDYVWEZKEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005724 cycloalkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021479 dubnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005570 flexible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium monoxide Inorganic materials [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021473 hassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005549 heteroarylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006588 heterocycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000686 lithium vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006051 mesophase pitch carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethyl]-2-[[1-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]diazenyl]-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound OCCNCCNC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)NCCNCCO QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrolyte composition, a gel polymer electrolyte, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.
- a lithium secondary battery can be divided into a lithium ion battery using a liquid electrolyte and a lithium polymer battery using a polymer electrolyte according to an applied electrolyte.
- Lithium ion batteries have the advantage of realizing high capacity, but there is a risk of leakage and explosion due to the use of a liquid electrolyte containing lithium salt, and there is a disadvantage that battery design becomes complicated to improve this.
- Lithium polymer batteries have advantages such as high flexibility and improved leakage because they use a solid polymer electrolyte or a gel polymer electrolyte containing electrolyte as an electrolyte, but the mobility of lithium ions is lowered by the polymer matrix formed in the polymer electrolyte, Compared to lithium ion batteries, ionic conductivity is relatively low.
- the use range of the lithium polymer battery is gradually expanding in that it can suppress side reactions between the electrode surface and the electrolyte and has high stability.
- a lithium polymer battery to which the gel polymer electrolyte is applied is (i) coated on one side or both sides of an electrode and a separator with an electrolyte composition in which an organic solvent in which electrolyte salt is dissolved, a polymerization initiator, and a polymerizable monomer or oligomer are mixed, After curing (gelation) using heat or UV to form a gel polymer electrolyte membrane, an electrode assembly having the gel polymer electrolyte membrane formed thereon is wound or stacked to manufacture an electrode assembly, and the electrode or separator is inserted into a battery case.
- It can be prepared by re-injecting the liquid electrolyte and impregnating the gel polymer electrolyte membrane, or (ii) injecting the electrolyte composition into the battery case in which the electrode assembly is accommodated, and then applying an appropriate temperature to gel (crosslinking) the electrolyte composition. ) It can be prepared through the steps of.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an electrolyte composition having improved wettability for an electrode.
- the present invention is intended to provide a gel polymer electrolyte with improved flame retardancy, rigidity and lithium ion conductivity of the polymer matrix, by including a polymer network formed by polymerization of the electrolyte composition.
- the present invention is intended to provide a lithium secondary battery with improved cycle characteristics by including the gel polymer electrolyte.
- R 1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- n is an integer from 3 to 8;
- the present invention is intended to provide a gel polymer electrolyte comprising a polymer network formed by polymerization of the electrolyte composition of the present invention.
- the electrolyte composition of the present invention includes a perfluoropolyether oligomer and a low molecular weight fluorine-based monomer, thereby improving the wettability of the electrolyte composition, thereby improving not only flame retardancy, but also the stiffness of the polymer matrix and the mobility of lithium ions. can be manufactured. Furthermore, a lithium secondary battery with improved cycle characteristics can be manufactured.
- an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms refers to an alkylene group containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms, that is, -CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, - CH 2 (CH 3 )CH-, -CH(CH 3 )CH 2 -, -CH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 -, and the like.
- alkylene group means a branched or unbranched divalent unsaturated hydrocarbon group.
- the alkylene group may be substituted or unsubstituted.
- the alkylene group may include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, an isopropylene group, a butylene group, an isobutylene group, a tert-butylene group, a pentylene group, a 3-pentylene group, and the like.
- substitution means that at least one hydrogen bonded to carbon is substituted with an element other than hydrogen, for example, with an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or fluorine. means substituted.
- the present invention provides a plurality of the present invention.
- R 1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- n is an integer from 3 to 8;
- the lithium salt is described as follows.
- lithium salt those commonly used in electrolytes for lithium secondary batteries may be used without limitation, for example, including Li + as a cation and F - , Cl - , Br - , I - , NO 3 - as an anion, N(CN) 2 - , BF 4 - , ClO 4 - , B 10 Cl 10 - , AlCl 4 - , AlO 4 - , PF 6 - , CF 3 SO 3 - , CH 3 CO 2 - , CF 3 CO 2 - , AsF 6 - , SbF 6 - , CH 3 SO 3 - , (CF 3 CF 2 SO 2 ) 2 N - , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N - , (FSO 2 ) 2 N - , BF 2 C 2 O 4 - , BC 4 O 8 - , PF 4 C 2 O 4 - , PF 2 C 4 O 8 - , (CF 3 ) 2
- the lithium salt is LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiAlCl 4 , LiAlO 4 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCH 3 CO 2 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , LiAsF 6 , LiSbF 6 , LiCH 3 SO 3 , LiFSI (Lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide, LiN(SO 2 F) 2 ), LiBETI (lithium bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl) imide, LiN(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 and LiTFSI (lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, LiN (SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) may be a single material or a mixture of two or more selected from the group consisting of, and in addition to the above-mentioned lithium salt, lithium salts commonly used in electroly
- the lithium salt may be appropriately changed within a generally usable range, but in order to obtain an optimum effect of forming a film for preventing corrosion on the electrode surface, it is included in the electrolyte at a concentration of 0.8 M to 3.0 M, specifically 1.0 M to 3.0 M. can When the concentration of the lithium salt satisfies the above range, it is possible to control the viscosity of the non-aqueous electrolyte so as to realize optimal impregnability, improve the effect of improving the film, and improve the mobility of lithium ions, thereby increasing the capacity of the lithium secondary battery. The effect of improving characteristics and cycle characteristics can be obtained.
- non-aqueous organic solvent is as follows.
- non-aqueous organic solvent various organic solvents commonly used in lithium electrolytes may be used without limitation. Decomposition due to oxidation reactions in the charging and discharging process of a secondary battery can be minimized, and desired properties can be exhibited together with additives. There is no limit to the type of what can be done.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent may include at least one of a high-viscosity organic solvent that easily dissociates lithium salts in an electrolyte due to its high dielectric constant, and a linear carbonate-based organic solvent having a low viscosity and low dielectric constant.
- cyclic carbonate-based organic solvent examples include ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), 1,2-butylene carbonate, 2,3-butylene carbonate, 1,2-pentylene carbonate, and 2,3-pentylene It may include at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of carbonate and vinylene carbonate, and among these, ethylene carbonate may be included.
- the linear carbonate organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dipropyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), methylpropyl carbonate and ethylpropyl carbonate It may include at least one organic solvent that is, and may specifically include ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC).
- the cyclic carbonate-based organic solvent may be mixed with the linear carbonate-based organic solvent, and the mixing ratio of the cyclic carbonate-based organic solvent and the linear carbonate-based organic solvent is 10:90 to 80:20 by volume, specifically 50: 50 to 70:30 volume ratio.
- an electrolyte composition having higher electrical conductivity may be prepared.
- the electrolyte composition of the present invention further includes a linear ester-based organic solvent and/or a cyclic ester-based organic solvent having relatively high stability at high temperature and high voltage driving compared to cyclic carbonate-based organic solvents, thereby generating gas during high voltage driving. While improving the disadvantages of cyclic carbonate-based organic solvents that cause a high ionic conductivity can be implemented.
- linear ester organic solvent examples include at least one selected from the group consisting of methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate and butyl propionate. It may include at least one of ethyl propionate and propyl propionate.
- the cyclic ester-based organic solvent may include at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, and ⁇ -caprolactone.
- all other constituents of the electrolyte composition of the present invention except for the non-aqueous organic solvent, such as lithium salt, the compound of formula 1, and the oligomer, may be organic solvents unless otherwise specified.
- the electrolyte composition of the present invention may include a compound represented by Formula 1 as a low molecular weight fluorine-based monomer.
- R 1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- n is an integer from 3 to 8;
- the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 contains three or more fluorine elements having excellent flame retardancy and non-combustibility, and thus can form a passivation film capable of securing excellent oxidation resistance on the surface of the anode.
- the compound represented by Formula 1 of the present invention contains two oxygen elements in its molecular structure, so it has higher oxidation stability than compounds containing three or more oxygen elements in its molecular structure, and is a robust SEI with low resistance on the electrode surface. can form
- the compound represented by Formula 1 of the present invention has a structural feature in which an acrylate functional group and a terminal fluorine-substituted alkyl group are connected (bonded) through an ethylene group (-CH 2 -CH 2 -), Compared to compounds such as 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro butyl acrylate in which terminal fluorine-substituted alkyl groups are linked through a methylene group (-CH 2 -), the molecular chain of the linking group portion is increased. As a result, high flexibility can be secured.
- the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 is uniformly distributed in a polymer matrix structure made of a perfluoropolyether oligomer described later to form a flexible polymer matrix structure, and mechanical stability and lithium A gel polymer electrolyte with improved ion mobility can be prepared.
- R 1 is hydrogen
- n may be an integer of 4 to 8
- n may be an integer of 5 to 8.
- n when the integer value of n satisfies the above range, the thermal properties of the compound itself can be improved, and the stability of the film formed therefrom can be expected.
- n when n is 3 or more, as fluorine atoms are included at a certain level or higher, flame retardancy and high-temperature durability of the electrolyte composition are improved, and gas generation and swelling during high-temperature storage can be suppressed.
- n when n is 8 or less, it is possible to prevent an increase in the viscosity and non-polarity of the electrolyte composition due to an excess of elemental fluorine, and it is possible to improve the solubility of the compound in the electrolyte composition. performance degradation can be avoided.
- the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 may include at least one of oligomers represented by Chemical Formulas 1-1 and 1-2.
- the electrolyte composition of the present invention may include a perfluoropolyether oligomer.
- the perfluoropolyether oligomer may include an oligomer represented by Chemical Formula 2 below.
- R is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms unsubstituted or substituted with fluorine
- R 2 and R 2 ' are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or -(CF 2 ) o -O- (o is an integer of 1 to 3);
- R 3 and R 3 ' are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or -(R 5 ) o2 -O- (R 5 is an unsubstituted or substituted alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and o2 is 1 to 3 is an integer of),
- R 4 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group
- Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- n, m and m' are each independently an integer from 1 to 10,
- k is an integer from 10 to 1,000;
- p and p' are each independently an integer of 0 or 1
- c and c1 are each independently an integer from 1 to 3;
- d and d1 are each independently an integer of 1 or 2;
- the perfluoropolyether oligomer represented by Chemical Formula 2 includes an acrylate group, which is a hydrophilic group capable of forming a cross-link by itself, at both ends of the structure, and a perfluoropolyether group, which is a hydrophobic part, in the main chain.
- an acrylate group which is a hydrophilic group capable of forming a cross-link by itself, at both ends of the structure
- a perfluoropolyether group which is a hydrophobic part, in the main chain.
- the perfluoropolyether oligomer is an electrochemically stable compound with high reduction stability, and has the ability to dissociate lithium salts, thereby minimizing the reduction reaction on the surface of the anode and improving lithium ion mobility. there is.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group is an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms containing an isocyanate group (NCO); an alkoxylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; An alkenylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms; or an alkynylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the alicyclic hydrocarbon group is a cycloalkylene group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms; A cycloalkenylene group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms; and a heterocycloalkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group is an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; Or it may be a heteroarylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms unsubstituted or substituted with fluorine
- R 2 and R 2 ' are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or -(CF 2 ) o -O- (o is an integer of 1 to 3)
- R 3 and R 3 ' are each independently an alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or -(R 5 ) o2 -O- (R 5 is unsubstituted or substituted
- An alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, o2 is an integer of 1 to 3
- R 4 is an alicyclic hydrocarbon group
- Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd may each independently be hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms. .
- the oligomer represented by Chemical Formula 2 may include an oligomer represented by Chemical Formula 2-1 or Chemical Formula 2-2 below.
- n1 is an integer from 1 to 10;
- k1 is an integer from 10 to 1,000.
- n2, m1 and m1' are each independently an integer from 1 to 10,
- k2 is an integer from 10 to 1,000.
- the oligomer represented by Chemical Formula 2 may include an oligomer represented by Chemical Formula 2-2.
- the oligomer represented by Chemical Formula 2 can help dissociate lithium salts in the main chain structure, transfer lithium ions more easily, and polypropylene that can impart flexible performance to the polymer main chain.
- the oxide unit is included as a repeating unit, the number of lithium ions that can move in the electrolyte increases, the mobility of the lithium ion itself increases, and the mobility of the polymer increases, further improving the low-temperature cycle and output characteristics of the secondary battery. can make it
- the perfluoropolyether oligomer may be included in an amount of 0.1 wt % to 10 wt %, specifically 0.1 wt % to 15 wt %, in the electrolyte composition.
- the weight average molecular weight (MW) of the perfluoropolyether oligomer is 1,000 g / mol to 100,000 g / mol, specifically 1,000 g / mol to 50,000 g / mol, more specifically 1,000 g / mol to 10,000 g / mol mol, and more specifically, 1,000 g/mol to 5,000 g/mol, and the range can be controlled by the number of repeating units.
- the weight average molecular weight of the oligomer is within the above range, the mechanical strength of the non-aqueous electrolyte containing the oligomer can be effectively controlled.
- the weight average molecular weight of the perfluoropolyether oligomer is 1,000 g/mol or more, mechanical strength can be improved.
- the weight average molecular weight of the perfluoropolyether oligomer is 100,000 g / mol or less, the physical properties of the oligomer itself are prevented from being rigid, and the affinity for the electrolyte solvent is increased so that it can be easily dissolved. Formation of a uniform gel polymer electrolyte cannot be expected.
- the weight average molecular weight can be measured using gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the GPC measurement system alliance 4 device is stabilized.
- a chromatogram is obtained by injecting a standard sample and a sample sample into the instrument, and then the molecular weight can be calculated according to the analysis method (system: Alliance 4, column: Ultrahydrogel linearX2, eluent: 0.1M NaNO 3 (pH 7.0) phosphate buffer, flow rate: 0.1 mL/min, temp: 40°C, injection: 100 ⁇ L)
- the compound represented by Formula 1 is present in an amount of 0.1 to 50 parts by weight, specifically 0.5 to 40 parts by weight, more specifically 1 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the perfluoropolyether oligomer. It may be included in parts by weight.
- the electrolyte composition of the present invention may further include a polymerization initiator for polymerization.
- the polymerization initiator is a component included to carry out a radical reaction required in the preparation of a gel polymer electrolyte, decomposes by heat to form radicals, and reacts by free radical polymerization to form compounds represented by Formula 1 and oligomers represented by Formula 2. May cause polymerization reactions.
- thermal or photo polymerization initiators known in the art may be used, and non-limiting examples include benzoyl peroxide, acetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, Di-tert-butyl peroxide, t-butyl peroxy-2-ethyl-hexanoate, cumyl hydroperoxide , organic peroxides or hydroperoxides such as hydrogen peroxide, 2,2'-azobis (2-cyanobutane), 2,2'-azobis (methylbutyronitrile), 2, 2'-Azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN; 2,2'-Azobis(iso-butyronitrile)), 2,2'-Azobisdimethyl-Valeronitrile (AMVN; 2,2'-Azobisdimethyl-Valeronitrile ) and the like.
- benzoyl peroxide acetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, Di-tert-but
- the polymerization initiator is decomposed by heat in the battery, for example, at 30 ° C to 100 ° C, or decomposed at room temperature (25 ° C to 30 ° C) to form radicals, and polymerizable oligomers are converted into acrylates by free radical polymerization.
- a gel polymer electrolyte may be formed by reacting with the based compound.
- the polymerization initiator may be included in an amount of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, specifically 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the oligomer represented by Formula 2.
- the gel polymer conversion rate may be increased to ensure gel polymer electrolyte properties, and the pre-gel reaction may be prevented, thereby improving wettability of the electrolyte solution to the electrode.
- the present invention can provide a gel polymer electrolyte comprising a polymer network formed by polymerization of the electrolyte composition of the present invention.
- the polymerization reaction may use a conventional polymerization method.
- the gel polymer electrolyte of the present invention may be prepared by injecting the electrolyte composition of the present invention into a battery case in which an electrode assembly is accommodated, and then performing a polymerization reaction while applying heat, e-beam, or gamma rays.
- the polymerization reaction may be performed by thermal polymerization, and may be performed by reacting for 1 hour to 8 hours while applying heat of approximately 50° C. to 100° C.
- a lithium secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the above-described gel polymer electrolyte of the present invention.
- the cathode according to the present invention may include a cathode active material layer including a cathode active material, and if necessary, the cathode active material layer may further include a conductive material and/or a binder.
- the cathode active material is a compound capable of reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium, and specifically, may include a lithium composite metal oxide containing lithium and at least one metal such as cobalt, manganese, nickel, or aluminum. there is.
- the cathode active material is selected from among lithium-cobalt-based oxides (eg, LiCoO 2 ) and lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-based oxides represented by Formula 3 in that they can improve capacity characteristics and stability of batteries.
- the lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-based oxide may preferably contain 50 atm% or more of nickel, and representative examples thereof include Li(Ni 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 )O 2 , Li(Ni 0.5 Mn 0.2 Co 0.3 )O 2 , Li(Ni 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 )O 2 , Li(Ni 0.7 Mn 0.15 Co 0.15 )O 2 and Li(Ni 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 )O 2 may include at least one of them.
- the cathode active material may include a lithium-manganese oxide (eg, LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 ) in addition to the lithium-cobalt-based oxide or the lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-based oxide.
- a lithium-manganese oxide eg, LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4
- lithium-nickel-based oxide eg, LiNiO 2 , etc.
- lithium-nickel-manganese-based oxide eg, LiNi 1 -Y Mn Y O 2 (where 0 ⁇ Y ⁇ 1), LiMn 2 - z Ni z O 4 (where 0 ⁇ Z ⁇ 2)
- lithium-nickel-cobalt-based oxide eg, LiNi 1 - Y1 Co Y1 O 2 (where 0 ⁇ Y1 ⁇ 1)
- lithium -manganese-cobalt-based oxides for example, LiCo 1 - Y2 Mn Y2 O 2 (where 0 ⁇ Y2 ⁇ 1), LiMn 2 - z1 Co z1 O 4 (where 0 ⁇ Z1 ⁇ 2)
- Lithium-nickel-cobalt-transition metal (M) oxides eg, Li(Ni p2 Co q2 Mn r3 M S2 )O 2 where M is Al,
- the positive electrode active material may be included in an amount of 90% to 99% by weight, specifically 93% to 98% by weight, based on the total weight of solids in the positive electrode active material layer.
- the conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery.
- carbon such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and thermal black powder
- graphite powders such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, and graphite having highly developed crystal structures
- conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers
- Conductive powders such as fluorocarbon powder, aluminum powder, and nickel powder
- conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate
- conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide
- Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- the conductive material is typically added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of solids in the positive electrode active material layer.
- the binder is a component that serves to improve adhesion between the positive electrode active material particles and adhesion between the positive electrode active material and the current collector, and is typically added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of solids in the positive electrode active material layer.
- binder examples include a fluororesin-based binder including polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); rubber-based binders including styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, and styrene-isoprene rubber; cellulosic binders including carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and regenerated cellulose; A polyalcohol-based binder containing polyvinyl alcohol; polyolefin binders including polyethylene and polypropylene; polyimide-based binders; polyester-based binder; A silane type binder etc. are mentioned.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- CMC carboxyl methyl cellulose
- the positive electrode of the present invention as described above may be manufactured according to a positive electrode manufacturing method known in the art.
- the positive electrode is prepared by dissolving or dispersing a positive electrode active material, a binder and / or a conductive material in a solvent to prepare a positive electrode slurry, applying it on a positive electrode current collector, and then drying and rolling to form a positive electrode active material layer.
- it may be manufactured through a method of casting the positive electrode active material layer on a separate support and then laminating a film obtained by peeling the support on a positive electrode current collector.
- the cathode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause chemical change in the battery and has conductivity.
- nickel, titanium, silver or the like may be used.
- fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector to enhance bonding strength of the positive electrode active material.
- the cathode current collector may include various forms such as a film, sheet, foil, net, porous material, foam, and non-woven fabric.
- the solvent may include an organic solvent such as NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone), and may be used in an amount that provides a desired viscosity when the cathode active material and optionally a binder and/or a conductive material are included.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- the active material slurry containing the cathode active material and optionally the binder and/or the conductive material may have a solid concentration of 10 wt% to 70 wt%, preferably 20 wt% to 60 wt%.
- the negative electrode according to the present invention includes a negative electrode active material layer including a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material layer may further include a conductive material and/or a binder, if necessary.
- the anode active material includes lithium metal, a carbon material capable of reversibly intercalating/deintercalating lithium ions, a metal or an alloy of these metals and lithium, a metal composite oxide, a material capable of doping and undoping lithium, and transition metal oxides. It may include at least one selected from the group consisting of transition metal oxides.
- any carbon-based negative electrode active material commonly used in lithium ion secondary batteries may be used without particular limitation, and typical examples thereof include crystalline carbon, Amorphous carbon or a combination thereof may be used.
- the crystalline carbon include graphite such as amorphous, plate-like, flake-like, spherical or fibrous natural graphite or artificial graphite, and examples of the amorphous carbon include soft carbon (low-temperature calcined carbon). or hard carbon, mesophase pitch carbide, calcined coke, and the like.
- Examples of the above metals or alloys of these metals and lithium include Cu, Ni, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Si, Sb, Pb, In, Zn, Ba, Ra, Ge, Al And a metal selected from the group consisting of Sn or an alloy of these metals and lithium may be used.
- metal composite oxide examples include PbO, PbO 2 , Pb 2 O 3 , Pb 3 O 4 , Sb 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 4 , Sb 2 O 5 , GeO, GeO 2 , Bi 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 4 , Bi 2 O 5 , Li x Fe 2 O 3 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Li x WO 2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), and Sn x Me 1 - x Me' y O z (Me: Mn, Fe , Pb, Ge; Me': Al, B, P, Si, Groups 1, 2, and 3 elements of the periodic table, halogen; 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1;1 ⁇ y ⁇ 3; 1 ⁇ z ⁇ 8) Anything selected from the group may be used.
- Materials capable of doping and undoping the lithium include Si, SiO x (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2), Si—Y alloy (wherein Y is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a group 13 element, a group 14 element, a transition metal, It is an element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements and combinations thereof, but not Si), Sn, SnO 2 , Sn—Y (Y is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a group 13 element, a group 14 element, a transition metal, and a rare earth element). It is an element selected from the group consisting of elements and combinations thereof, but not Sn), and the like, and at least one of these and SiO 2 may be mixed and used.
- the element Y is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Rf, V, Nb, Ta, Db (dubnium), Cr, Mo, W, Sg, Tc, Re, Bh , Fe, Pb, Ru, Os, Hs, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, Sn, In, Ge, P, As, Sb, Bi, S , Se, Te, Po, and combinations thereof.
- transition metal oxide examples include lithium-containing titanium composite oxide (LTO), vanadium oxide, and lithium vanadium oxide.
- the negative active material may be included in an amount of 80% to 99% by weight based on the total weight of solids in the negative active material layer.
- the conductive material is a component for further improving the conductivity of the negative active material, and may be added in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of solids in the negative active material layer.
- the conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery, and examples thereof include graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon black such as acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and thermal black; conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers; Conductive powders, such as fluorocarbon powder, aluminum powder, and nickel powder; conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- the binder is a component that assists in bonding between the conductive material, the active material, and the current collector, and is typically added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the solid content in the negative electrode active material layer.
- binders include fluororesin-based binders including polyvinylidene fluoride or polytetrafluoroethylene; rubber-based binders including styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, and styrene-isoprene rubber; cellulosic binders including carboxymethylcellulose, starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, and regenerated cellulose; A polyalcohol-based binder containing polyvinyl alcohol; polyolefin binders including polyethylene and polypropylene; polyimide-based binders; polyester-based binder; A silane type binder etc. are mentioned.
- the negative electrode may be manufactured according to a negative electrode manufacturing method known in the art.
- the negative electrode is prepared by dissolving or dispersing a negative electrode active material and optionally a binder and a conductive material in a solvent to prepare a negative electrode active material slurry, applying it on a negative electrode current collector, rolling and drying to form a negative electrode active material layer, Alternatively, it may be prepared by casting the negative electrode active material layer on a separate support and then laminating a film obtained by peeling the support on the negative electrode current collector.
- the negative current collector generally has a thickness of 3 to 500 ⁇ m.
- the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause chemical change in the battery and has high conductivity.
- it is made of copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, fired carbon, copper or stainless steel.
- a surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, or the like, an aluminum-cadmium alloy, or the like may be used.
- fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector to enhance the bonding strength of the negative electrode active material, and may include various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous bodies, foams, and nonwoven fabrics. there is.
- the solvent may include water or an organic solvent such as NMP or alcohol, and may be used in an amount that provides a desired viscosity when the negative electrode active material and optionally a binder or conductive material are included.
- the solid content of the active material slurry including the negative electrode active material and, optionally, the binder and the conductive material may be included to be 50 wt% to 75 wt%, preferably 50 wt% to 65 wt%.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention includes a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the separator separates the negative electrode and the positive electrode and provides a passage for the movement of lithium ions, and can be used without particular limitation as long as it is used as a separator in a lithium secondary battery. It is desirable that this excellent
- a porous polymer film as a separator for example, a porous polymer film made of polyolefin-based polymers such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer.
- a laminated structure of two or more layers thereof may be used.
- conventional porous non-woven fabrics for example, non-woven fabrics made of high-melting glass fibers, polyethylene terephthalate fibers, and the like may be used.
- a coated separator containing a ceramic component or a polymer material may be used to secure heat resistance or mechanical strength, and may be selectively used in a single layer or multilayer structure.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention as described above can be usefully used in portable devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, digital cameras, and electric vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).
- portable devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, digital cameras, and electric vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).
- HEVs hybrid electric vehicles
- a battery module including the lithium secondary battery as a unit cell and a battery pack including the same are provided.
- the battery module or battery pack may include a power tool; electric vehicles, including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs); Alternatively, it may be used as a power source for one or more medium or large-sized devices among power storage systems.
- electric vehicles including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs);
- PHEVs plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
- the appearance of the lithium secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be a cylindrical shape using a can, a prismatic shape, a pouch shape, or a coin shape.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention can be used not only as a battery cell used as a power source for a small device, but also can be preferably used as a unit cell in a medium-large battery module including a plurality of battery cells.
- Cathode active material LiCoO 2
- conductive material carbon black
- binder polyvinylidene fluoride
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- a slurry solids concentration 60% by weight
- the positive electrode active material slurry was applied to a positive electrode current collector (Al thin film) having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m, dried, and then subjected to a roll press to prepare a positive electrode.
- An anode active material slurry (solid content concentration: 50% by weight) was prepared by adding a cathode active material (graphite), a conductive material (carbon black), and a binder (polyvinylidene fluoride) to distilled water in a weight ratio of 96:0.5:3.5.
- the negative electrode active material slurry was applied to a negative electrode current collector (Cu thin film) having a thickness of 8 ⁇ m, dried, and then rolled pressed to prepare a negative electrode.
- An electrode assembly was prepared by laminating the positive and negative electrodes prepared by the above method together with a polyethylene porous film as a separator, then putting it into a battery case, injecting 6 mL of the electrolyte composition, sealing, and aging for 2 days did Thereafter, a pouch-type lithium secondary battery (4.45V, 4100 mAh) including a gel polymer electrolyte was prepared by performing a thermal polymerization reaction by curing at 70° C. for 5 hours.
- Example 1 except that an electrolyte composition was prepared by adding 1.0 g of an oligomer represented by Formula 2-2, 0.15 g of a compound represented by Formula 1-1, and 0.01 g of a polymerization initiator to 98.84 g of a non-aqueous organic solvent.
- a pouch-type lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in (see Table 1 below).
- a pouch-type lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the electrolyte composition was prepared by adding the compound represented by Formula 1-2 instead of the compound represented by Formula 1-1 (Table below). 1).
- a pouch-type lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the electrolyte composition was prepared by adding the compound represented by Formula 1-2 instead of the compound represented by Formula 1-1 (Table below). 1).
- Example 1 A pouch-type lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in (see Table 1 below).
- Example 1 except that an electrolyte composition was prepared by adding 2.0 g of oligomer represented by Formula 2-2, 1.0 g of compound represented by Formula 1-1, and 0.02 g of polymerization initiator to 96.98 g of non-aqueous organic solvent.
- a pouch-type lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in (see Table 1 below).
- Example 1 A pouch-type lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in (see Table 1 below).
- Example 1 except that an electrolyte composition was prepared by adding 2.0 g of oligomer represented by Formula 2-2, 1.2 g of compound represented by Formula 1-1, and 0.02 g of polymerization initiator to 96.78 g of non-aqueous organic solvent.
- a pouch-type lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in (see Table 1 below).
- a lithium secondary battery was manufactured in the same manner (see Table 1 below).
- a lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the oligomer represented by Chemical Formula 2-1 was used instead of the oligomer represented by Chemical Formula 2-2 (see Table 1 below).
- a lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that LiPF 6 was dissolved in 100 g of a non-aqueous organic solvent to a concentration of 1.0 M, and an electrolyte composition was prepared without adding an additive (see Table 1 below). ).
- a pouch-type lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that an electrolyte composition was prepared by adding only 0.02 g of a polymerization initiator and 2.0 g of an oligo represented by Chemical Formula 2-2 to 97.98 g of a non-aqueous organic solvent. prepared (see Table 1 below).
- a pouch-type lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the electrolyte composition was prepared by adding only 0.3 g of the compound represented by Formula 1-1 to 97.98 g of the non-aqueous organic solvent (Table below). 1).
- Example 1 except that an electrolyte composition was prepared by adding 0.3 g of a compound represented by Formula 3, 2.0 g of an oligomer represented by Formula 2-2, and 0.02 g of a polymerization initiator to 97.68 g of a non-aqueous organic solvent.
- a pouch-type lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in (see Table 1 below).
- Example 1 except that an electrolyte composition was prepared by adding 0.3 g of a compound represented by Formula 4, 2.0 g of an oligomer represented by Formula 2-2, and 0.02 g of a polymerization initiator to 97.68 g of a non-aqueous organic solvent.
- a pouch-type lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in (see Table 1 below).
- Example 1 97.68 1-1 0.3 2-2 3,000 2 100:15 0.02
- Example 2 98.84 1-1 0.15 2-2 3,000 One 100:15 0.01
- Example 3 97.68 1-2 0.3 2-2 3,000 2 100:15 0.02
- Example 4 98.84 1-2 0.15 2-2 3,000
- Example 5 97.978 1-1 0.002 2-2 3,000 2 100:0.1 0.02
- Example 6 96.98 1-1 One 2-2 3,000 2 100:50 0.02
- Example 7 97.979 1-1 0.001 2-2 3,000 2 100:0.05 0.02
- Example 8 96.98 1-1 1.2 2-2 3,000 2 100:60 0.02
- Example 9 97.68 1-1-1 0.3 2-1 4,000 2 100:15 0.02
- Example 10 98.84 1-1 0.15 2-1 4,000 One 100:15:15
- the secondary batteries prepared in Examples 1 to 10 and the secondary batteries prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were each activated at 0.1C CC. Subsequently, using a PESC05-0.5 charger/discharger (manufacturer: PNE Solution, 5V, 500 mA) at 25 ° C, charge with 0.33C CC up to 4.45V under constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging conditions, and then 0.05 C current cut and discharged at 0.33 C up to 2.5V under CC conditions. Two cycles were performed with the charging and discharging as one cycle.
- the secondary batteries prepared in Examples 1 to 10 and the secondary batteries prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were each activated at 0.1C CC. Subsequently, using a PESC05-0.5 charger/discharger (manufacturer: PNE Solution, 5V, 500 mA) at 25 ° C, charge with 0.33C CC up to 4.45V under constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging conditions, and then 0.05 C current cut and discharged at 0.33 C up to 2.5V under CC conditions. Two cycles were performed with the charging and discharging as one cycle.
- the secondary batteries of Examples 1 to 10 of the present invention have improved high-temperature cycle capacity of the secondary batteries of Comparative Examples 1 to 5.
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Abstract
Description
비수성 유기용매의 함량 (g) |
단량체 | 올리고머 | 올리고머 및 단량체 중량비 | 중합개시의 함량 (g) |
||||
화학식 | 함량 (g) |
화학식 | 중량평균 분자량(Mw) |
함량 (g) |
||||
실시예 1 | 97.68 | 1-1 | 0.3 | 2-2 | 3,000 | 2 | 100:15 | 0.02 |
실시예 2 | 98.84 | 1-1 | 0.15 | 2-2 | 3,000 | 1 | 100:15 | 0.01 |
실시예 3 | 97.68 | 1-2 | 0.3 | 2-2 | 3,000 | 2 | 100:15 | 0.02 |
실시예 4 | 98.84 | 1-2 | 0.15 | 2-2 | 3,000 | 1 | 100:15 | 0.01 |
실시예 5 | 97.978 | 1-1 | 0.002 | 2-2 | 3,000 | 2 | 100:0.1 | 0.02 |
실시예 6 | 96.98 | 1-1 | 1 | 2-2 | 3,000 | 2 | 100:50 | 0.02 |
실시예 7 | 97.979 | 1-1 | 0.001 | 2-2 | 3,000 | 2 | 100:0.05 | 0.02 |
실시예 8 | 96.98 | 1-1 | 1.2 | 2-2 | 3,000 | 2 | 100:60 | 0.02 |
실시예 9 | 97.68 | 1-1 | 0.3 | 2-1 | 4,000 | 2 | 100:15 | 0.02 |
실시예 10 | 98.84 | 1-1 | 0.15 | 2-1 | 4,000 | 1 | 100:15 | 0.01 |
비교예 1 | 100 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
비교예 2 | 97.98 | - | - | 2-2 | 3,000 | 2 | - | 0.02 |
비교예 3 | 99.70 | 1-1 | 0.3 | - | - | - | - | |
비교예 4 | 97.68 | 3 | 0.3 | 2-2 | 3,000 | 2 | 1:15 | 0.02 |
비교예 5 | 97.68 | 4 | 0.3 | 2-2 | 3,000 | 2 | 1:15 | 0.02 |
Claims (14)
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 화학식 1에서, R1은 수소이고, n은 4 내지 8의 정수인 전해질 조성물.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 화학식 1에서, R1은 수소이고, n은 5 내지 8의 정수인 전해질 조성물.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 퍼플루오로폴리에테르 올리고머는 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 올리고머를 포함하는 것인 전해질 조성물:[화학식 2]상기 화학식 2에서,R은 불소로 치환 또는 비치환된 탄소수 1 내지 4의 알킬렌기이고,R2 및 R2'는 각각 독립적으로 탄소수 1 내지 5의 알킬렌기 또는 -(CF2)o-O- (o는 1 내지 3의 정수임)이며,R3 및 R3'는 각각 독립적으로 탄소수 1 내지 5의 알킬렌기 또는 -(R5)o2-O- (R5는 비치환 또는 치환된 탄소수 1 내지 5의 알킬렌기이고, o2는 1 내지 3의 정수임)이며,R4는 지방족 탄화수소기, 지환족 탄화수소기 또는 방향족 탄화수소기이고,Ra, Rb, Rc 및 Rd는 각각 독립적으로 수소 또는 탄소수 1 내지 3의 알킬기이고,n, m 및 m'는 각각 독립적으로 1 내지 10의 정수이며,k는 10 내지 1,000의 정수이고,p 및 p'는 각각 독립적으로 0 또는 1의 정수이며,c 및 c1은 각각 독립적으로 1 내지 3의 정수이고,d 및 d1은 각각 독립적으로 1 또는 2의 정수이다.
- 청구항 5에 있어서,상기 화학식 2에서, R은 불소로 치환 또는 비치환된 탄소수 2 내지 4의 알킬렌기이고, R2 및 R2'는 각각 독립적으로 탄소수 1 내지 3의 알킬렌기 또는 -(CF2)o-O- (o는 1 내지 3의 정수임)이며, R3 및 R3'는 각각 독립적으로 탄소수 2 내지 5의 알킬렌기 또는 -(R5)o2-O- (R5는 비치환 또는 치환된 탄소수 2 내지 5의 알킬렌기이고, o2는 1 내지 3의 정수임)이고, R4는 지환족 탄화수소기이고, Ra, Rb, Rc 및 Rd는 각각 독립적으로 수소, 탄소수 1 또는 2의 알킬기인 전해질 조성물.
- 청구항 5에 있어서,상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 올리고머는 화학식 2-2로 표시되는 올리고머인 전해질 조성물.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 퍼플루오로폴리에테르 올리고머는 전해질 조성물 전체 중량을 기준으로 0.1 중량% 내지 10 중량%로 포함되는 것인 전해질 조성물.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물은 상기 퍼플루오로폴리에테르 올리고머 100 중량부에 대하여 0.1 내지 50 중량부로 포함되는 것인 전해질 조성물.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물은 상기 퍼플루오로폴리에테르 올리고머 100 중량부에 대하여 0.5 내지 40 중량부로 포함되는 것인 전해질 조성물.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 전해질 조성물은 중합개시제를 추가로 포함하는 것인 전해질 조성물.
- 청구항 1의 전해질 조성물의 중합 반응에 의해 형성된 폴리머 네트워크를 포함하는 겔 폴리머 전해질.
- 양극; 음극; 상기 양극 및 음극 사이에 개재되는 세퍼레이터; 및청구항 13의 겔 폴리머 전해질;을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
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JP2023525603A JP7486886B2 (ja) | 2021-07-15 | 2022-07-14 | 電解質組成物、ゲルポリマー電解質、およびそれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
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