WO2023272613A1 - 变焦光学系统、取像模组及电子设备 - Google Patents

变焦光学系统、取像模组及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023272613A1
WO2023272613A1 PCT/CN2021/103709 CN2021103709W WO2023272613A1 WO 2023272613 A1 WO2023272613 A1 WO 2023272613A1 CN 2021103709 W CN2021103709 W CN 2021103709W WO 2023272613 A1 WO2023272613 A1 WO 2023272613A1
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Prior art keywords
lens
optical system
zoom optical
zoom
object side
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PCT/CN2021/103709
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘彬彬
邹海荣
李明
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欧菲光集团股份有限公司
江西晶超光学有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/103709 priority Critical patent/WO2023272613A1/zh
Publication of WO2023272613A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023272613A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of imaging, in particular to a zoom optical system, an imaging module and electronic equipment.
  • the optical system usually includes multiple lenses with refractive power.
  • the lenses in the optical system cooperate with each other to adjust the incident light so that the incident light can reach the imaging surface of the optical system after passing through each lens to form an image.
  • the industry has higher and higher requirements for the camera function of electronic equipment.
  • An optical system with good imaging quality can form clear images, which is conducive to improving the user's camera experience.
  • the imaging quality of the current optical system still needs to be improved, which is likely to affect the user's camera experience.
  • a zoom optical system an imaging module and electronic equipment are provided.
  • a zoom optical system which sequentially includes from the object side to the image side along the optical axis:
  • a second lens with negative refractive power, the image side of the second lens is concave at the near optical axis;
  • At least one lens with refractive power At least one lens with refractive power
  • the zoom optical system also includes a zoom lens, and the zoom lens is arranged on the object side of the first lens, or arranged on any adjacent two of the first lens, the second lens, and the third lens. between the lenses;
  • SAGL1 is the sagittal height at the maximum effective aperture on the object side of the last lens in the zoom optical system
  • SAGL2 is the sagittal height at the maximum effective aperture on the image side of the last lens in the zoom optical system
  • CTL is the zoom optical system The thickness of the last lens in the system on the optical axis.
  • An image capturing module comprising a photosensitive element and the zoom optical system described in any one of the above embodiments, the photosensitive element is arranged on the image side of the zoom optical system.
  • An electronic device includes a casing and the above-mentioned image-taking module, and the image-taking module is arranged on the casing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the zoom optical system in the first embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the zoom optical system in the first embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a zoom optical system in a second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram of the zoom optical system in the second embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a zoom optical system in a third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram of the zoom optical system in the third embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a zoom optical system in a fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a zoom optical system in a fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram of the zoom optical system in the fifth embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the zoom optical system 100 sequentially includes a first lens L1 , a second lens L2 , a third lens L3 and a fourth lens L4 along the optical axis 110 from the object side to the image side.
  • the first lens L1 includes the object side S1 and the image side S2
  • the second lens L2 includes the object side S3 and the image side S4
  • the third lens L3 includes the object side S5 and the image side S6
  • the fourth lens L4 includes the object side S7 And like the sideways S8.
  • the first lens L1 , the second lens L2 , the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 are arranged coaxially, and the common axis of the lenses in the zoom optical system 100 is the optical axis 110 of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the zoom optical system 100 may further include five or six lenses with refractive power, and each lens has an object side and an image side.
  • the zoom optical system 100 also includes an image plane S19 located on the image side of the last lens.
  • the image plane S19 is the imaging plane of the zoom optical system 100.
  • the incident light can be imaged and imaged with the image plane S19 after being adjusted by the lenses of the zoom optical system 100, for example , in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the incident light can be imaged on the image plane S19 after being adjusted by the first lens L1 , the second lens L2 , the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 .
  • the first lens L1 has a positive refractive power, cooperates with the lenses on the image side, and can effectively converge light rays, thereby reducing the total length of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the object side S1 of the first lens L1 is convex at the near optical axis 110 , which can improve the effect of shortening the total length of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the second lens L2 has a negative refractive power, which is beneficial to correct the aberration generated by the first lens L1.
  • the image side S4 of the second lens L2 is concave at the near optical axis 110 , which is beneficial to improve the correction effect of the aberration generated by the first lens L1 .
  • the third lens L3 has a positive refractive power, and cooperates with the positive refractive power of the first lens L1 and the negative refractive power of the second lens L2 to make the light transition smoothly through the first three lenses, thereby helping to reduce the zoom optical system 100. sensitivity.
  • there is an inflection point on the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 so that the final The refractive power distribution of one lens in the vertical axis direction is more reasonable, which is beneficial to correct the distortion and field curvature generated by each lens on the object side, and improve the imaging quality of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the zoom optical system 100 further includes a zoom lens L7, and the zoom lens L7 is disposed on the object side of the first lens L1, or disposed adjacent to any of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, and the third lens L3 between the two lenses.
  • the zoom lens L7 is disposed on the object side of the first lens L1 .
  • the zoom lens L7 may be a lens capable of realizing an automatic zoom function such as a Tlens or a liquid lens. In the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the zoom optical system 100 is provided with a diaphragm STO, and the diaphragm STO may be disposed on the object side of the first lens L1.
  • the zoom optical system 100 further includes an infrared filter L8 disposed on the image side of the last lens.
  • the infrared filter L8 can be an infrared cut-off filter, which is used to filter out disturbing light and prevent the disturbing light from reaching the image plane S19 of the zoom optical system 100 and affecting normal imaging.
  • the zoom optical system 100 further includes a protective glass L9 disposed on the object side of the first lens L1 , and the protective glass L9 protects each lens in the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the image side of the last lens in the zoom optical system 100 may also be provided with a protective glass to protect the photosensitive element at the image surface S19.
  • the cover glass L9 , the zoom lens L7 and the first lens L1 are sequentially arranged along the optical axis from the object side to the image side.
  • each lens in the zoom optical system 100 may be made of glass or plastic.
  • the lens made of plastic material can reduce the weight of the zoom optical system 100 and reduce the production cost, and cooperate with the small size of the zoom optical system 100 to realize the light and thin design of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the lens made of glass makes the zoom optical system 100 have excellent optical performance and high temperature resistance.
  • the material of each lens in the zoom optical system 100 may also be any combination of glass and plastic, not necessarily all glass or all plastic.
  • at least two lenses in the zoom optical system 100 are made of plastics with different optical properties, which is beneficial to correct the chromatic aberration of the zoom optical system 100 and improve the imaging quality of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the first lens L1 does not mean that there is only one lens.
  • the surface of the cemented lens closest to the object side can be regarded as the object side S1, and the surface closest to the image side can be regarded as the image side S2.
  • no cemented lens is formed between the lenses in the first lens L1, but the distance between the lenses is relatively fixed.
  • the object side of the lens closest to the object side is the object side S1, and the lens closest to the image side
  • the image side is the image side S2.
  • the number of lenses in the second lens L2, third lens L3 or fourth lens L4 in some embodiments can also be greater than or equal to two, and any adjacent lens can form a cemented lens, or it can be a non-cemented lens. lens.
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: 0.7 ⁇ (
  • )/CTL may be: 0.763, 0.920, 1.054, 1.112, 1.244, 1.425, 1.682, 1.928, 2.556 or 3.268.
  • the sagittal height and thickness of the last lens of the zoom optical system 100 can be reasonably configured, so that the last lens will not be too thin or too thick, and the refractive power configuration of the last lens in the vertical axis direction is also more reasonable. , so that it is beneficial to reduce the incident angle of light on the imaging surface, thereby reducing the sensitivity of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: 0.6 ⁇ TTL/(ImgH*2) ⁇ 1; wherein, TTL is the imaging plane from the object side S1 of the first lens L1 to the imaging plane of the zoom optical system 100 on the optical axis 110 The distance above is the total optical length of the zoom optical system 100, and ImgH is half of the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the zoom optical system 100.
  • TTL/(ImgH*2) may be: 0.670, 0.682, 0.690, 0.751, 0.777, 0.802, 0.884, 0.925, 0.957 or 0.999.
  • the total optical length and half-image height of the zoom optical system 100 can be reasonably configured, which is conducive to shortening the miniaturization design of the zoom optical system 100, and is also conducive to expanding the field of view of the zoom optical system 100, thereby obtaining more Furthermore, the multi-scene information is also beneficial to enable the zoom optical system 100 to match a larger-sized photosensitive element, thereby improving the imaging quality of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: 73deg ⁇ FOV ⁇ 80deg; wherein, FOV is the maximum field of view of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • FOV may be: 76.0, 76.5, 77.1, 77.4, 78.0, 78.2, 78.6, 78.7 or 78.8, and the value unit is deg.
  • the viewing angle of the zoom optical system 100 can be enlarged, so that the zoom optical system 100 can acquire more scene information.
  • the zoom optical system 100 can match a photosensitive element with a rectangular photosensitive surface, and the imaging surface of the zoom optical system 100 coincides with the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element.
  • the effective pixel area on the imaging surface of the zoom optical system 100 has a horizontal direction and a diagonal direction, then FOV can be understood as the maximum field of view of the zoom optical system 100 in the diagonal direction, and ImgH can be understood as the maximum angle of view of the zoom optical system 100.
  • FOV can be understood as the maximum field of view of the zoom optical system 100 in the diagonal direction
  • ImgH can be understood as the maximum angle of view of the zoom optical system 100.
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: 1 ⁇ TTL/f ⁇ 3; wherein, TTL is the distance from the object side S1 of the first lens L1 to the imaging plane of the zoom optical system 100 on the optical axis 110, f is the effective focal length of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • TTL/f may be: 1.133, 1.143, 1.157, 1.175, 1.252, 1.291, 1.921, 2.799, 2.855 or 2.901.
  • the ratio of the total optical length of the zoom optical system 100 to the effective focal length can be reasonably configured, which is beneficial to making the structure of the zoom optical system 100 more compact and reasonable, thereby facilitating the realization of a miniaturized design.
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: 1 ⁇ f12/f ⁇ 1.6; wherein, f12 is the combined focal length of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 , and f is the effective focal length of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • f12/f can be: 1.154, 1.192, 1.220, 1.305, 1.407, 1.428, 1.490, 1.503, 1.522 or 1.582.
  • the proportion of the refractive power of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 in the zoom optical system 100 can be reasonably configured, so that the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 can effectively converge light rays, which is beneficial to Expanding the field of view of the zoom optical system 100 is beneficial to shortening the total length of the zoom optical system 100.
  • it is also conducive to reducing the difficulty of correcting aberrations and effectively converging marginal rays of the lenses on the image side of the second lens L2, thereby reducing the
  • the sensitivity of the zoom optical system 100 improves the imaging quality of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: CTTlens ⁇ 0.6 mm; wherein, CTTlens is the thickness of the zoom lens L7 on the optical axis 110 .
  • CTTlens may be: 0.40, 0.41, 0.43, 0.44, 0.46, 0.47, 0.49, 0.53, 0.54 or 0.55, and the value unit is mm.
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: 0 ⁇ RL2/f ⁇ 1; wherein, RL2 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the last lens in the zoom optical system 100 at the optical axis 110, and f is the zoom optical The effective focal length of the system 100.
  • RL2/f can be: 0.314, 0.335, 0.353, 0.367, 0.386, 0.387, 0.399, 0.458, 0.521 or 0.675.
  • the ratio of the radius of curvature of the image side of the last lens to the effective focal length of the zoom optical system 100 can be reasonably configured, so that the image side of the last lens will not be too curved, thereby helping to suppress field curvature and distortion
  • the generation of the zoom optical system 100 improves the imaging quality, and at the same time, it is also beneficial to reduce the difficulty of forming the last lens and improve the production rate. Furthermore, it is also beneficial to rationally configure the back focus of the zoom optical system 100, thereby helping to shorten the length of the lens.
  • the overall length of the zoom optical system 100 is also beneficial to reduce the difficulty of forming the last lens and improve the production rate.
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: 0.5mm ⁇ 1 ⁇ (n1+n2)/f ⁇ 2mm ⁇ 1 ; wherein, n1 is the refractive index of the first lens L1 under the line d, and n2 is the first The refractive index of the second lens L2 under the line d, f is the effective focal length of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • (n1+n2)/f can be: 0.679, 0.755, 0.814, 0.877, 0.915, 1.132, 1.358, 1.586, 1.601 or 1.652.
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: (f1+
  • may be: 0.014, 0.105, 0.183, 0.283, 0.327, 0.551, 2.384, 4.308, 4.422 or 4.574.
  • the above conditional formula it is beneficial to rationally configure the refractive power of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 and the object-side profile of the last lens, thereby helping the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 to suppress spherical aberration, chromatic aberration and The generation of distortion improves the imaging quality of the zoom optical system 100, and also helps to reduce the difficulty of correcting aberrations of the lenses in the image side of the second lens L2, thereby helping to reduce the difficulty of designing and forming the lenses in the image side; in addition, It is also beneficial to enhance the light collection ability of the zoom optical system 100 , so that the light can be effectively converged on the imaging surface, and the imaging quality of the zoom optical system 100 is improved.
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: 0 ⁇ (CT1+CT2+CT3)/TTL ⁇ 0.5; wherein, CT1 is the thickness of the first lens L1 on the optical axis 110, and CT2 is the thickness of the second lens L2 The thickness on the optical axis 110 , CT3 is the thickness of the third lens L3 on the optical axis 110 , TTL is the distance from the object side S1 of the first lens L1 to the imaging surface of the zoom optical system 100 on the optical axis 110 .
  • (CT1+CT2+CT3)/TTL may be: 0.253, 0.265, 0.287, 0.291, 0.295, 0.355, 0.401, 0.451, 0.466 or 0.488.
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: 0 ⁇ YcL2/SDL2 ⁇ 1; wherein, YcL2 is the point to the light from the image side of the last lens in the zoom optical system 100 closest to the imaging plane of the zoom optical system 100
  • the vertical distance of the axis 110 , SDL2 is half of the maximum effective aperture of the last lens in the zoom optical system 100 .
  • YcL2/SDL2 can be: 0.415, 0.430, 0.456, 0.488, 0.498, 0.552, 0.633, 0.720, 0.725 or 0.730.
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: -inf ⁇ Ftlens ⁇ +inf; wherein, Ftlens is the effective focal length of the zoom lens L7. If the above conditional expression is satisfied, the zoom lens L7 has a large zoom range, which can satisfy a wider range of focusing and improve the applicability of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: 30 ⁇
  • can be: 35.71, 35.83, 35.95, 36.04, 36.15, 36.27, 36.38, 36.42, 36.55 or 36.87. Satisfying the above conditional formula can reasonably configure the Abbe numbers of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 , which is beneficial to correct the chromatic aberration of the zoom optical system 100 and improve the imaging quality of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the reference wavelength of the above effective focal length and combined focal length values is 555nm.
  • Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of zoom optical system 100 in the first embodiment
  • zoom optical system 100 comprises protection glass L9, zoom lens L7, diaphragm STO, has The first lens L1 with positive refractive power, the second lens L2 with negative refractive power, the third lens L3 with positive refractive power, and the fourth lens L4 with negative refractive power.
  • Fig. 2 is, from left to right, graphs of longitudinal spherical aberration, astigmatism and distortion of the zoom optical system 100 in the first embodiment, wherein the reference wavelength of the astigmatism graph and distortion graph is 555nm, and other embodiments are the same. It can be understood that, in the first embodiment, a lens with refractive power is provided on the image side of the third lens L3 , and the fourth lens L4 is the last lens of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the image side S2 of the first lens L1 is convex at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference;
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is a concave surface at the near optical axis 110 and a concave surface at the circumference;
  • the image side S4 of the second lens L2 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference;
  • the object side S5 of the third lens L3 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and concave at the circumference;
  • the image side S6 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a convex surface at the circumference;
  • the object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a concave surface at the circumference;
  • the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference.
  • the object side and the image side of the first lens L1 , the second lens L2 , the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 are all aspherical surfaces.
  • one surface of the lens is convex at the near optical axis 110 (the central area of the surface)
  • the area of the surface of the lens near the optical axis 110 is convex .
  • one surface of a lens is concave at the circumference, it is understood that the surface is concave in a region near the maximum effective radius.
  • the surface when the surface is convex near the optical axis 110 and also convex at the circumference, the surface may be purely convex in shape from the center (the intersection of the surface and the optical axis 110 ) to the edge; Or transition from a convex shape in the center to a concave shape, then become convex as you approach the maximum effective radius.
  • the various shape structures (concave-convex relationship) of the surface are not fully reflected, but other situations can be deduced according to the above examples.
  • the materials of the first lens L1 , the second lens L2 , the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 are all plastic.
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: (
  • )/CTL 1.244; wherein, SAGL1 is the sagittal height at the maximum effective aperture of the object side S7 of the fourth lens L4, and SAGL2 is the fourth lens L4
  • the sagittal height at the maximum effective aperture of the image side S8, CTL is the thickness of the fourth lens L4 on the optical axis 110.
  • TTL is the distance from the object side S1 of the first lens L1 to the imaging plane of the zoom optical system 100 on the optical axis 110, that is, the zoom optical system
  • the total optical length of 100, ImgH is half of the image height corresponding to the maximum viewing angle of the zoom optical system 100.
  • the total optical length and half-image height of the zoom optical system 100 can be reasonably configured, which is conducive to shortening the miniaturization design of the zoom optical system 100, and is also conducive to expanding the field of view of the zoom optical system 100, thereby obtaining more Furthermore, the multi-scene information is also beneficial to enable the zoom optical system 100 to match a larger-sized photosensitive element, thereby improving the imaging quality of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • FOV the maximum viewing angle of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • DL is the distance from the object side S1 of the first lens L1 to the image side of the last lens in the zoom optical system 100 on the optical axis 110
  • TTL is the first The distance from the object side S1 of the lens L1 to the imaging plane of the zoom optical system 100 on the optical axis 110 .
  • the distance between the image side and the imaging plane of the last lens in the zoom optical system 100 can also be reasonably configured, thereby increasing
  • the space between the last lens and the imaging surface in the large zoom optical system 100 is beneficial to the spatial layout of the structural end of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • TTL is the distance from the object side S1 of the first lens L1 to the imaging plane of the zoom optical system 100 on the optical axis 110
  • f is the effective distance of the zoom optical system 100. focal length.
  • the proportion of the refractive power of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 in the zoom optical system 100 can be reasonably configured, so that the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 can effectively converge light rays, which is beneficial to Expanding the field of view of the zoom optical system 100 is beneficial to shortening the total length of the zoom optical system 100.
  • the sensitivity of the zoom optical system 100 improves the imaging quality of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • CTTlens is the thickness of the zoom lens L7 on the optical axis 110 .
  • the ratio of the refractive power of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 in the zoom optical system 100 can be reasonably configured, thereby helping to suppress the generation of chromatic aberration and spherical aberration, and improve the imaging of the zoom optical system 100
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula: (f1+
  • 0.327; wherein, f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, f2 is the effective focal length of the second lens L2, and RL1 is the effective focal length of the fourth lens L4.
  • the radius of curvature of the object side surface S7 at the optical axis 110 is the conditional formula: (f1+
  • 0.327; wherein, f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, f2 is the effective focal length of the second lens L2, and RL1 is the effective focal length of the fourth lens L4.
  • the above conditional formula it is beneficial to rationally configure the refractive power of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 and the object-side profile of the last lens, thereby helping the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 to suppress spherical aberration, chromatic aberration and The generation of distortion improves the imaging quality of the zoom optical system 100, and also helps to reduce the difficulty of correcting aberrations of the lenses in the image side of the second lens L2, thereby helping to reduce the difficulty of designing and forming the lenses in the image side; in addition, It is also beneficial to enhance the light collection ability of the zoom optical system 100 , so that the light can be effectively converged on the imaging surface, and the imaging quality of the zoom optical system 100 is improved.
  • the proportion of the center thickness of the first lens L1, the second lens L2 and the third lens L3 in the zoom optical system 100 can be reasonably configured, which is beneficial to reduce the sensitivity of the zoom optical system 100, and at the same time It is beneficial to shorten the total length of the zoom optical system 100 and realize a miniaturized design.
  • the zoom optical system 100 satisfies the conditional formula:
  • 35.71; wherein, V2 is the Abbe number of the second lens L2 at the wavelength of 587.56nm (d-line), and V1 is the Abbe number of the first lens L1 at the wavelength of 587.56nm. Abbe number. Satisfying the above conditional formula can reasonably configure the Abbe numbers of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 , which is beneficial to correct the chromatic aberration of the zoom optical system 100 and improve the imaging quality of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the distance DL on the optical axis 110 from the object side S1 of one lens L1 to the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 is 4.02 mm.
  • the reference wavelength of the focal length of each lens is 555 nm
  • the reference wavelength of the refractive index and Abbe number are both 587.56 nm, and other embodiments are also the same.
  • the aspheric coefficients of each lens of the zoom optical system 100 on the image side or the object side are given in Table 2.
  • the plane numbers from S1-S8 represent the image side or the object side S1-S8 respectively.
  • the K-A20 from top to bottom represent the types of aspheric coefficients, among which, K represents the conic coefficient, A4 represents the fourth degree aspheric coefficient, A6 represents the sixth degree aspheric coefficient, and A8 represents the eighth degree aspheric coefficient. analogy.
  • the aspheric coefficient formula is as follows:
  • Z is the distance from the corresponding point on the aspheric surface to the plane tangent to the vertex of the surface
  • r is the distance from the corresponding point on the aspheric surface to the optical axis 110
  • c is the curvature of the vertex of the aspheric surface
  • k is the conic coefficient
  • Ai is the The coefficient corresponding to the i-th high-order term in the spherical surface formula.
  • FIG. 2 includes a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram (Longitudinal Spherical Aberration) of the zoom optical system 100, which indicates the deviation of the converging focal point of light rays of different wavelengths passing through the lens.
  • the ordinate of the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram represents the normalized pupil coordinate (Normalized Pupil Coordinator) from the pupil center to the pupil edge, and the abscissa represents the distance from the imaging plane to the intersection point of the ray and the optical axis 110 (in mm) .
  • FIG. 2 also includes the field curvature diagram (ASTIGMATIC FIELD CURVES) of the zoom optical system 100, wherein the S curve represents the sagittal field curvature at 555nm, and the T curve represents the meridional field curvature at 555nm. It can be seen from the figure that the field curvature of the zoom optical system 100 is small, the field curvature and astigmatism of each field of view are well corrected, and the center and edge of the field of view have clear imaging.
  • FIG. 2 also includes a distortion diagram (DISTORTION) of the zoom optical system 100. It can be seen from the diagram that the image distortion caused by the main beam is small, and the imaging quality of the system is excellent.
  • DISTORTION distortion diagram
  • the object side S1 of the first lens L1 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a convex surface at the circumference;
  • the image side S2 of the first lens L1 is convex at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference;
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a concave surface at the circumference;
  • the image side S4 of the second lens L2 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference;
  • the object side S5 of the third lens L3 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and concave at the circumference;
  • the image side S6 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a convex surface at the circumference;
  • the object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a concave surface at the circumference;
  • the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference.
  • the object side and the image side of the first lens L1 , the second lens L2 , the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 are all aspherical surfaces.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the zoom optical system 100 in the third embodiment.
  • the zoom optical system 100 sequentially includes a zoom lens L7, an aperture STO, and a lens with positive refractive power from the object side to the image side.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph of longitudinal spherical aberration, astigmatism and distortion of the zoom optical system 100 in the third embodiment from left to right.
  • the object side S1 of the first lens L1 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a convex surface at the circumference;
  • the image side S6 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a convex surface at the circumference;
  • the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 is convex at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference;
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference;
  • the image side S10 of the fifth lens L5 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference.
  • the object side and the image side of the first lens L1 , the second lens L2 , the third lens L3 , the fourth lens L4 and the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces.
  • the materials of the first lens L1 , the second lens L2 , the third lens L3 , the fourth lens L4 and the fifth lens L5 are all plastic.
  • the zoom optical system 100 of the third embodiment further includes a fifth lens L5, and the fifth lens L5 has an object side S9 and an image side S10.
  • the zoom optical system 100 of this embodiment has good imaging quality.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the zoom optical system 100 in the fourth embodiment.
  • the zoom optical system 100 includes an aperture STO and a first lens L1 with positive refractive power in sequence from the object side to the image side. , a zoom lens L7, a second lens L2 with a negative refractive power, a third lens L3 with a positive refractive power, a fourth lens L4 with a positive refractive power, and a fifth lens L5 with a negative refractive power.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph of longitudinal spherical aberration, astigmatism and distortion of the zoom optical system 100 in the fourth embodiment from left to right. It can be understood that, in the fourth embodiment, the fifth lens L5 is the last lens of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a concave surface at the circumference;
  • the image side S6 of the third lens L3 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference;
  • the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 is convex at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference;
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference;
  • the image side S10 of the fifth lens L5 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference.
  • the object side and the image side of the first lens L1 , the second lens L2 , the third lens L3 , the fourth lens L4 and the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces.
  • the materials of the first lens L1 , the second lens L2 , the third lens L3 , the fourth lens L4 and the fifth lens L5 are all plastic.
  • the zoom optical system 100 of this embodiment has good imaging quality.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the zoom optical system 100 in the fifth embodiment.
  • the zoom optical system 100 sequentially includes a zoom lens L7, an aperture STO, and a lens with positive refractive power from the object side to the image side.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph of longitudinal spherical aberration, astigmatism and distortion of the zoom optical system 100 in the fifth embodiment from left to right.
  • three lenses with refractive power are provided on the image side of the third lens L3, which are respectively the fourth lens L4, the fifth lens L5 and the sixth lens L6, and the sixth lens L6 It is the last lens of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the object side S1 of the first lens L1 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a convex surface at the circumference;
  • the image side S2 of the first lens L1 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference;
  • the object side S3 of the second lens L2 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a convex surface at the circumference;
  • the image side S4 of the second lens L2 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and concave at the circumference;
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a concave surface at the circumference;
  • the image side S6 of the third lens L3 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference;
  • the object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a concave surface at the circumference;
  • the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 is convex at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference;
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a concave surface at the circumference;
  • the image side S10 of the fifth lens L5 is concave at the near optical axis 110 and convex at the circumference;
  • the object side S11 of the sixth lens L6 is a convex surface at the near optical axis 110 and a convex surface at the circumference;
  • the object side and the image side of the first lens L1 , the second lens L2 , the third lens L3 , the fourth lens L4 , the fifth lens L5 and the sixth lens L6 are all aspherical surfaces.
  • Materials of the first lens L1 , the second lens L2 , the third lens L3 , the fourth lens L4 , the fifth lens L5 and the sixth lens L6 are all plastic.
  • the aspheric coefficients of each lens of the zoom optical system 100 on the image side or the object side are given in Table 10, and the definition of each parameter can be obtained from the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the zoom optical system 100 can be assembled with the photosensitive element 210 to form an imaging module 200 .
  • the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 210 can be regarded as the image surface S19 of the zoom optical system 100 .
  • the imaging module 200 can also be provided with an infrared filter L8, and the infrared filter L8 is arranged between the last lens in the zoom optical system 100 and the image surface S19.
  • the photosensitive element 210 may be a charge coupled device (Charge Coupled Device, CCD) or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor device (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Sensor, CMOS Sensor). Adopting the above-mentioned zoom optical system 100 in the imaging module 200 is beneficial to shorten the total length of the imaging module 200 and realize a miniaturized design while realizing the zoom function, and is also beneficial to improving the imaging quality of the imaging module 100 .
  • the imaging module 200 can be applied in an electronic device 300 , the electronic device includes a housing 310 , and the imaging module 200 is disposed in the housing 310 .
  • the electronic device 300 may be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a video phone, a smart phone, an e-book reader, a driving recorder and other vehicle-mounted camera equipment or a smart watch and other wearable devices.
  • the casing 310 may be a middle frame of the electronic device 300 . Adopting the image capturing module 200 in the electronic device 300 not only realizes the zoom function, but also helps shorten the total length of the electronic device 300 , realizes a miniaturized design, and improves the imaging quality of the electronic device 300 .
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features.
  • the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the first and second feature may be in direct contact with the second feature through an intermediary. touch.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “beneath” and “beneath” the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

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Abstract

一种变焦光学系统(100)包括具有正屈折力的第一透镜(L1)，物侧面(S1)为凸面；具有负屈折力的第二透镜(L2)，像侧面(S4)为凹面；具有正屈折力的第三透镜(L3)；与至少一片透镜；还包括变焦透镜(L7)，设置于第一透镜(L1)的物侧，或者设置于第一透镜(L1)、第二透镜(L2)与第三透镜(L3)中任意两者之间；最后一片透镜存在反曲点，满足：0.7≤(|SAGL1|+|SAGL2|)/CTL≤5；SAGL1为最后一片透镜的物侧面的矢高，SAGL2为最后一片透镜的像侧面的矢高，CTL为最后一片透镜的中心厚度。

Description

变焦光学系统、取像模组及电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及摄像领域，特别是涉及一种变焦光学系统、取像模组及电子设备。
背景技术
随着电子设备的迅速发展，智能手机、平板电脑、电子阅读器等越来越多的电子设备配置有光学系统以实现摄像功能。光学系统通常包括多片具有屈折力的透镜，光学系统中的各透镜相互配合，共同调节入射光线，使得入射光线能够经各透镜后到达光学系统的成像面形成图像。同时，业界对电子设备摄像功能的要求也越来越高，具备良好成像质量的光学系统能够形成清晰图像，有利于提升用户的摄像体验。然而，目前的光学系统成像质量还有待提升，容易影响用户的摄像体验。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种变焦光学系统、取像模组及电子设备。
一种变焦光学系统，沿光轴由物侧至像侧依次包括：
具有正屈折力的第一透镜，所述第一透镜的物侧面于近光轴处为凸面；
具有负屈折力的第二透镜，所述第二透镜的像侧面于近光轴处为凹面；
具有正屈折力的第三透镜；以及
至少一片具有屈折力的透镜；
所述变焦光学系统还包括变焦透镜，所述变焦透镜设置于所述第一透镜的物侧，或者设置于所述第一透镜、所述第二透镜与所述第三透镜中任意相邻两片透镜之间；
所述变焦光学系统中最后一片透镜的物侧面和像侧面的至少一者存在反曲点，且所述变焦光学系统满足以下条件式：
0.7≤(|SAGL1|+|SAGL2|)/CTL≤5；
其中，SAGL1为所述变焦光学系统中最后一片透镜的物侧面最大有效口径处的矢高，SAGL2为所述变焦光学系统中最后一片透镜的像侧面最大有效口径处的矢高，CTL为所述变焦光学系统中最后一片透镜于光轴上的厚度。
一种取像模组，包括感光元件以及上述任一实施例所述的变焦光学系统，所述感光元件设置于所述变焦光学系统的像侧。
一种电子设备，包括壳体以及上述的取像模组，所述取像模组设置于所述壳体。
本发明的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些发明的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的发明、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的这些发明的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1为本申请第一实施例中的变焦光学系统的结构示意图；
图2为本申请第一实施例中的变焦光学系统的纵向球差图、像散图及畸变图；
图3为本申请第二实施例中的变焦光学系统的结构示意图；
图4为本申请第二实施例中的变焦光学系统的纵向球差图、像散图及畸变图；
图5为本申请第三实施例中的变焦光学系统的结构示意图；
图6为本申请第三实施例中的变焦光学系统的纵向球差图、像散图及畸变图；
图7为本申请第四实施例中的变焦光学系统的结构示意图；
图8为本申请第四实施例中的变焦光学系统的纵向球差图、像散图及畸变图；
图9为本申请第五实施例中的变焦光学系统的结构示意图；
图10为本申请第五实施例中的变焦光学系统的纵向球差图、像散图及畸变图；
图11为本申请一实施例中的取像模组的示意图；
图12为本申请一实施例中的电子设备的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施方式。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施方式。相反地，提供这些实施方式的目的是使对本发明的公开内容理解的更加透彻全面。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“内”、“外”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
请参见图1，在本申请的一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100沿光轴110由物侧到像侧依次包括第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3以及第四透镜L4。具体地，第一透镜L1包括物侧面S1及像侧面S2，第二透镜L2包括物侧面S3及像侧面S4，第三透镜L3包括物侧面S5及像侧面S6，第四透镜L4包括物侧面S7及像侧面S8。第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3以及第四透镜L4同轴设置，变焦光学系统100中各透镜共同的轴线即为变焦光学系统100的光轴110。在其他实施例中，变焦光学系统100还可包括五片或六片具有屈折力的透镜，各透镜均具有物侧面与像侧面。变焦光学系统100还包括位于最后一片透镜像侧的像面S19，像面S19即为变焦光学系统100的成像面，入射光经变焦光学系统100各透镜的调解后能够成像与像面S19，例如，在图1所示的实施例中，入射光经第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3以及第四透镜L4调节后能够成像于像面S19。
其中，第一透镜L1具有正屈折力，与像方各透镜相配合，能够有效会聚光线，从而有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的总长。第一透镜L1的物侧面S1于近光轴110处为凸面，能够提升缩短变焦光学系统100的总长的效果。第二透镜L2具有负屈折力，有利于校正第一透镜L1产生的像差。第二透镜L2的像侧面S4于近光轴110处为凹面，有利于提升对第一透镜L1产生的像差的校正效果。第三透镜L3具有正屈折力，与第一透镜L1的正屈折力以及第二透镜L2的负屈折力相配合，能够使得光线在前三片透镜平缓过渡，从而有利于降低变焦光学系统100的敏感度。变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜的物侧面和像侧面的至少一者存在反曲点，例如，在图1所示的实施例中，第四透镜L4的像侧面S8存在反曲点，使得最后一片透镜在垂轴方向上的屈折力分布更加合理，有利于校正物方各透镜产生的畸变和场曲，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100还包括变焦透镜L7，变焦透镜L7设置于第一透镜L1的物侧，或者设置于第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2与第三透镜L3中任意相邻两片透镜之间。例如，在图1所示的实施例中，变焦透镜L7设置于第一透镜L1的物侧。具体地，变焦透镜L7可以为Tlens或液体透镜等能够实现自动变焦功能的透镜。在图1所示的实施例中，变焦透镜L7为Tlens，变焦透镜L7沿光轴110由物侧至像侧依次包括玻璃基板层10、高分子聚合物层20以及压电薄膜层30，通过改变压电薄膜层30上施加的电压，能够使压电薄膜层30发生形变而改变变焦透镜L7的有效焦距，实现自动变焦功能。在变焦光学系统100中采用变焦透镜L7实现变焦功能，相对于传统的通过电机带动马达从而驱动镜头运动实现变焦的设置而言，变焦透镜L7的体积小，有利于变焦光学系统100的轻薄化设计；同时还具备耗电量少，对焦速度快，对焦范围大的优势，且不需要设置移动的机械部件，抗震及抗冲击能力强。
另外，在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100设置有光阑STO，光阑STO可设置于第一透镜L1的物侧。在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100还包括设置于最后一片透镜像侧的红外滤光片L8。具体地，红外滤光片L8可为红外截止滤光片，用于滤除干扰光，防止干扰光到达变焦光学系统100的像面S19而影响正常成像。在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100还包括设置于第一透镜L1物侧的保护玻璃L9，保护玻璃L9对变焦光学系统100中各透镜起保护作用。当然，在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜的像侧也可设置有保护玻璃，以保护位于像面S19处的感光元件。在图1所示的实施例中，保护玻璃L9、变焦透镜L7与第一透镜L1在沿光轴由物侧指向像侧的方向上依次设置。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100的各透镜的物侧面和像侧面均为非球面。非球面结构的采用能够提高透镜设计的灵活性，并有效地校正球差，改善成像质量。在另一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100的各透镜的物侧面和像侧面也可以均为球面。需要注意的是，上述实施例仅是对本申请的一些实施例的举例，在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100中各透镜的表面可以是非球面或球面的任意组合。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100中的各透镜的材质可以均为玻璃或均为塑料。采用塑料材质的透镜能够减少变焦光学系统100的重量并降低生产成本，配合变焦光学系统100的小尺寸以实现变焦光学系统100的轻薄化设计。而采用玻璃材质的透镜使变焦光学系统100具备优良的光学性能以及较高的耐温性能。需要注意的是，变焦光学系统100中各透镜的材质也可以为玻璃和塑料的任意组合，并不一定要是均为玻璃或均为塑料。进一步地，在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100内至少两个透镜的材质为具有不同光学特性的塑料，从而有利于校正变焦光学系统100的色差，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量。
需要注意的是，第一透镜L1并不意味着只存在一片透镜，在一些实施例中，第一透镜L1中也可以存在两片或多片透镜，两片或多片透镜能够形成胶合透镜，胶合透镜最靠近物侧的表面可视为物侧面S1，最靠近像侧的表面可视为像侧面S2。或者，第一透镜L1中的各透镜之间并不形成胶合透镜，但各透镜之间的距离相对固定，此时最靠近物侧的透镜的物侧面为物侧面S1，最靠近像侧的透镜的像侧面为像侧面S2。另外，一些实施例中的第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3或第四透镜L4中的透镜数量也可大于或等于两片，且任意相邻透镜之间可以形成胶合透镜，也可以为非胶合透镜。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：0.7≤(|SAGL1|+|SAGL2|)/CTL≤5；其中，SAGL1为变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜的物侧面最大有效口径处的矢高，SAGL2为变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜的像侧面最大有效口径处的矢高，CTL为变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜于光轴110上的厚度。具体地，(|SAGL1|+|SAGL2|)/CTL可以为：0.763、0.920、1.054、1.112、1.244、1.425、1.682、1.928、2.556或3.268。满足上述条件式时，能够对变焦光学系统100最后一片透镜的矢高与厚度进行合理配置，使得最后一片透镜不会过薄或者过厚，最后一片透镜在垂轴方向上的屈折力配置也更加合理，从而有利于减小光线在成像面上的入射角度，进而降低变焦光学系统100的敏感度。
需要说明的是，在本申请中，描述最后一片透镜，均指光学系统100从物侧指向像侧的方向上的最后一片透镜，例如，当光学系统100从物侧至像侧依次包括第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3与第四透镜L4时，最后一片透镜指第四透镜L4。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：0.6≤TTL/(ImgH*2)≤1；其中，TTL为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至变焦光学系统100的成像面于光轴110上的距离，即变焦光学系统100的光学总长，ImgH为变焦光学系统100的最大视场角所对应的像高的一半。具体地，TTL/(ImgH*2)可以为：0.670、0.682、0.690、0.751、0.777、0.802、0.884、0.925、0.957或0.999。满足上述条件式时，能够合理配置变焦光学系统100的光学总长与半像高，有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的小型化设计，同时也有利于扩大变焦光学系统100的视场角，从而获取更多场景信息，再者，还有利于使得变焦光学系统100能够匹配更大尺寸的感光元件，从而有利于提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：73deg≤FOV≤80deg；其中，FOV为变焦光学系统100的最大视场角。具体地，FOV可以为：76.0、76.5、77.1、77.4、78.0、78.2、78.6、78.7或78.8，数值单位为deg。满足上述条件式时，能够扩大变焦光学系统100的视场角，从而使得变焦光学系统100能够获取更多的场景信息。
需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100可以匹配具有矩形感光面的感光元件，变焦光学系统100的成像面与感光元件的感光面重合。此时，变焦光学系统100成像面上有效像素区域具有水平方向以及对角线方向，则FOV可以理解为变焦光学系统100于对角线方向的最大视场角，ImgH可以理解为变焦光学系统100成像面上有效像素区域对角线方向的长度的一半。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：0.75≤DL/TTL≤1；其中，DL为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜的像侧面于光轴110上的距离，TTL为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至变焦光学系统100的成像面于光轴110上的距离。具体地，DL/TTL可以为：0.740、0.745、0.753、0.761、0.765、0.772、0.776、0.778、0.793或0.849。满足上述条件式时，有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的总长，实现小型化设计，同时，也能够对变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜的像侧面与成像面之间的距离进行合理配置，从而增大变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜与成像面之间的空间，进而有利于变焦光学系统100结构端的空间布局。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：1≤TTL/f≤3；其中，TTL为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至变焦光学系统100的成像面于光轴110上的距离，f为变焦光学系统100的有效焦距。具体地，TTL/f可以为：1.133、1.143、1.157、1.175、1.252、1.291、1.921、2.799、2.855或2.901。满足上述条件式时，能够合理配置变焦光学系统100的光学总长与有效焦距的比值，有利于使得变焦光学系统100的结构更加紧凑合理，从而有利于小型化设计的实现。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：1≤f12/f≤1.6；其中，f12为第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2的组合焦距，f为变焦光学系统100的有效焦距。具体地，f12/f可以为：1.154、1.192、1.220、1.305、1.407、1.428、1.490、1.503、1.522或1.582。满足上述条件式时，能够对第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2在变焦光学系统100中的屈折力占比进行合理配置，使得第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2能够有效会聚光线，从而有利于扩大变焦光学系统100的视场角，并且有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的总长，同时，也有利于减轻第二透镜L2像方各透镜校正像差以及有效会聚边缘光线的难度，从而有利于降低变焦光学系统100的敏感度，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：CTTlens≤0.6mm；其中，CTTlens为变焦透镜L7于光轴110上的厚度。具体地，CTTlens可以为：0.40、0.41、0.43、0.44、0.46、0.47、0.49、0.53、0.54或0.55，数值单位为mm。满足上述条件式时，在实现自动对焦功能的同时，有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的总长，实现小型化设计。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：0≤RL2/f≤1；其中，RL2为变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜的像侧面于光轴110处的曲率半径，f为变焦光学系统100的有效焦距。具体地，RL2/f可以为：0.314、0.335、0.353、0.367、0.386、0.387、0.399、0.458、0.521或0.675。满足上述条件式时，能够合理配置最后一片透镜的像侧面的曲率半径与变焦光学系统100有效焦距的比值，使得最后一片透镜的像侧面面型不会过于弯曲，从而有利于抑制场曲、畸变的产生，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量，同时，也有利于降低最后一片透镜的成型难度，提升生产量率，再者，也有利于合理配置变焦光学系统100的后焦，从而有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的总长。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：0.5mm -1≤(n1+n2)/f≤2mm -1；其中，n1为第一透镜L1在d线下的折射率，n2为第二透镜L2在d线下的折射率，f为变焦光学系统100的有效焦距。具体地，(n1+n2)/f可以为：0.679、0.755、0.814、0.877、0.915、 1.132、1.358、1.586、1.601或1.652。满足上述条件式时，能够对第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2在变焦光学系统100中的屈折力占比进行合理配置，从而有利于抑制色差与球差的产生，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量，同时，有利于提升第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2会聚光线的能力，从而有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的总长，实现小型化设计，并且有利于扩大变焦光学系统100的视场角。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：(f1+|f2|)/|RL1|≤5；其中，f1为第一透镜L1的有效焦距，f2为第二透镜L2的有效焦距，RL1为变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜的物侧面于光轴110处的曲率半径。具体地，(f1+|f2|)/|RL1|可以为：0.014、0.105、0.183、0.283、0.327、0.551、2.384、4.308、4.422或4.574。满足上述条件式时，有利于合理配置第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2的屈折力以及最后一片透镜的物侧面面型，从而有利于第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2抑制球差、色差与畸变的产生，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量，同时也有利于减小第二透镜L2像方各透镜校正像差的难度，进而有利于减小像方各透镜的设计及成型难度；另外，也有利于增强变焦光学系统100的收光能力，使得光线能够有效会聚于成像面上，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：0＜(CT1+CT2+CT3)/TTL≤0.5；其中，CT1为第一透镜L1于光轴110上的厚度，CT2为第二透镜L2于光轴110上的厚度，CT3为第三透镜L3于光轴110上的厚度，TTL为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至变焦光学系统100的成像面于光轴110上的距离。具体地，(CT1+CT2+CT3)/TTL可以为：0.253、0.265、0.287、0.291、0.295、0.355、0.401、0.451、0.466或0.488。满足上述条件式时，能够对第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2与第三透镜L3的中心厚度在变焦光学系统100中的占比进行合理配置，有利于降低变焦光学系统100的敏感度，同时有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的总长，实现小型化设计。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：0＜YcL2/SDL2≤1；其中，YcL2为变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜的像侧面距离变焦光学系统100的成像面最近的点至光轴110的垂直距离，SDL2为变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜的最大有效口径的一半。具体地，YcL2/SDL2可以为：0.415、0.430、0.456、0.488、0.498、0.552、0.633、0.720、0.725或0.730。满足上述条件式时，能够合理配置最后一片透镜在垂直于光轴110方向上的屈折力与尺寸分配，避免最后一片透镜过薄或者过厚，从而有利于减小光线在成像面上的入射角，降低变焦光学系统100的敏感性。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：-inf＜Ftlens＜+inf；其中，Ftlens为变焦透镜L7的有效焦距。满足以上条件式，变焦透镜L7具有大的变焦范围，能够满足更大范围的对焦，提升变焦光学系统100的适用性。
在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：30≤|V2-V1|≤40；其中，V2为第二透镜L2在587.56nm(d线)波长下的阿贝数，V1为第一透镜L1在587.56nm波长下的阿贝数。具体地，|V2-V1|可以为：35.71、35.83、35.95、36.04、36.15、36.27、36.38、36.42、36.55或36.87。满足上述条件式，能够对第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2的阿贝数进行合理配置，从而有利于校正变焦光学系统100的色差，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量。
以上的有效焦距及组合焦距数值的参考波长均为555nm。
根据上述各实施例的描述，以下提出更为具体的实施例及附图予以详细说明。
第一实施例
请参见图1和图2，图1为第一实施例中的变焦光学系统100的结构示意图，变焦光学系统100由物侧至像侧依次包括保护玻璃L9、变焦透镜L7、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3以及具有负屈折力的第四透镜L4。图2由左至右依次为第一实施例中变焦光学系统100的纵向球差、像散及畸变的曲线图，其中像散图和畸变图的参考波长为555nm，其他实施例相同。可以理解的是，在第一实施例中，第三透镜L3的像侧还设置有一片具有屈折力的透镜，第四透镜L4即为变焦光学系统100的最后一片透镜。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第一透镜L1的像侧面S2于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凹面；
第二透镜L2的像侧面S4于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面；
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凹面；
第三透镜L3的像侧面S6于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凹面；
第四透镜L4的像侧面S8于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面。
第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3以及第四透镜L4的物侧面和像侧面均为非球面。
需要注意的是，在本申请中，当描述透镜的一个表面于近光轴110处(该表面的中心区域)为凸面时，可理解为该透镜的该表面于光轴110附近的区域为凸面。当描述透镜的一个表面于圆周处为凹面时，可理解为该表面在靠近最大有效半径处的区域为凹面。举例而言，当该表面于近光轴110处为凸面，且于圆周处也为凸面时，该表面由中心(该表面与光轴110的交点)至边缘方向的形状可以为纯粹的凸面；或者是先由中心的凸面形状过渡到凹面形状，随后在靠近最大有效半径处时变为凸面。此处仅为说明光轴110处与圆周处的关系而做出的示例，表面的多种形状结构(凹凸关系)并未完全体现，但其他情况可根据以上示例推导得出。
第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3以及第四透镜L4的材质均为塑料。
进一步地，变焦光学系统100满足条件式：(|SAGL1|+|SAGL2|)/CTL＝1.244；其中，SAGL1为第四透镜L4的物侧面S7最大有效口径处的矢高，SAGL2为第四透镜L4的像侧面S8最大有效口径处的矢高，CTL为第四透镜L4于光轴110上的厚度。满足上述条件式时，能够对变焦光学系统100最后一片透镜的矢高与厚度进行合理配置，使得最后一片透镜不会过薄或者过厚，最后一片透镜在垂轴方向上的屈折力配置也更加合理，从而有利于减小光线在成像面上的入射角度，进而降低变焦光学系统100的敏感度。
变焦光学系统100满足条件式：TTL/(ImgH*2)＝0.925；其中，TTL为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至变焦光学系统100的成像面于光轴110上的距离，即变焦光学系统100的光学总长，ImgH为变焦光学系统100的最大视场角所对应的像高的一半。满足上述条件式时，能够合理配置变焦光学系统100的光学总长与半像高，有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的小型化设计，同时也有利于扩大变焦光学系统100的视场角，从而获取更多场景信息，再者，还有利于使得变焦光学系统100能够匹配更大尺寸的感光元件，从而有利于提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量。
变焦光学系统100满足条件式：FOV＝78.6deg；其中，FOV为变焦光学系统100的最大视场角。满足上述条件式时，能够扩大变焦光学系统100的视场角，从而使得变焦光学系统100能够获取更多的场景信息。
变焦光学系统100满足条件式：DL/TTL＝0.740；其中，DL为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜的像侧面于光轴110上的距离，TTL为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至变焦光学系统100的成像面于光轴110上的距离。满足上述条件式时，有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的总长，实现小型化设计，同时，也能够对变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜的像侧面与成像面之间的距离进行合理配置，从而增大变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜与成像面之间的空间，进而有利于变焦光学系统100结构端的空间布局。
变焦光学系统100满足条件式：TTL/f＝2.799；其中，TTL为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至变焦光学系统100的成像面于光轴110上的距离，f为变焦光学系统100的有效焦距。满足上述条件式时，能够合理配置变焦光学系统100的光学总长与有效焦距的比值，有利于使得变焦光学系统100的结构更加紧凑合理，从而有利于小型化设计的实现。
变焦光学系统100满足条件式：f12/f＝1.407；其中，f12为第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2 的组合焦距，f为变焦光学系统100的有效焦距。满足上述条件式时，能够对第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2在变焦光学系统100中的屈折力占比进行合理配置，使得第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2能够有效会聚光线，从而有利于扩大变焦光学系统100的视场角，并且有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的总长，同时，也有利于减轻第二透镜L2像方各透镜校正像差以及有效会聚边缘光线的难度，从而有利于降低变焦光学系统100的敏感度，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量。
变焦光学系统100满足条件式：CTTlens＝0.4mm；其中，CTTlens为变焦透镜L7于光轴110上的厚度。满足上述条件式时，在实现自动对焦功能的同时，有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的总长，实现小型化设计。
变焦光学系统100满足条件式：RL2/f＝0.386；其中，RL2为第四透镜L4的像侧面S8于光轴110处的曲率半径，f为变焦光学系统100的有效焦距。满足上述条件式时，能够合理配置最后一片透镜的像侧面的曲率半径与变焦光学系统100有效焦距的比值，使得最后一片透镜的像侧面面型不会过于弯曲，从而有利于抑制场曲、畸变的产生，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量，同时，也有利于降低最后一片透镜的成型难度，提升生产量率，再者，也有利于合理配置变焦光学系统100的后焦，从而有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的总长。
变焦光学系统100满足条件式：(n1+n2)/f＝1.652mm -1；其中，n1为第一透镜L1在d线下的折射率，n2为第二透镜L2在d线下的折射率，f为变焦光学系统100的有效焦距。满足上述条件式时，能够对第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2在变焦光学系统100中的屈折力占比进行合理配置，从而有利于抑制色差与球差的产生，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量，同时，有利于提升第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2会聚光线的能力，从而有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的总长，实现小型化设计，并且有利于扩大变焦光学系统100的视场角。
变焦光学系统100满足条件式：(f1+|f2|)/|RL1|＝0.327；其中，f1为第一透镜L1的有效焦距，f2为第二透镜L2的有效焦距，RL1为第四透镜L4的物侧面S7于光轴110处的曲率半径。满足上述条件式时，有利于合理配置第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2的屈折力以及最后一片透镜的物侧面面型，从而有利于第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2抑制球差、色差与畸变的产生，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量，同时也有利于减小第二透镜L2像方各透镜校正像差的难度，进而有利于减小像方各透镜的设计及成型难度；另外，也有利于增强变焦光学系统100的收光能力，使得光线能够有效会聚于成像面上，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量。
变焦光学系统100满足条件式：(CT1+CT2+CT3)/TTL＝0.488；其中，CT1为第一透镜L1于光轴110上的厚度，CT2为第二透镜L2于光轴110上的厚度，CT3为第三透镜L3于光轴110上的厚度，TTL为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至变焦光学系统100的成像面于光轴110上的距离。满足上述条件式时，能够对第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2与第三透镜L3的中心厚度在变焦光学系统100中的占比进行合理配置，有利于降低变焦光学系统100的敏感度，同时有利于缩短变焦光学系统100的总长，实现小型化设计。
变焦光学系统100满足条件式：YcL2/SDL2＝0.720；其中，YcL2为第四透镜L4的像侧面S8距离变焦光学系统100的成像面最近的点至光轴110的垂直距离，SDL2为第四透镜L4的最大有效口径的一半。满足上述条件式时，能够合理配置最后一片透镜在垂直于光轴110方向上的屈折力与尺寸分配，避免最后一片透镜过薄或者过厚，从而有利于减小光线在成像面上的入射角，降低变焦光学系统100的敏感性。
变焦光学系统100满足条件式：|V2-V1|＝35.71；其中，V2为第二透镜L2在587.56nm(d线)波长下的阿贝数，V1为第一透镜L1在587.56nm波长下的阿贝数。满足上述条件式，能够对第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2的阿贝数进行合理配置，从而有利于校正变焦光学系统100的色差，提升变焦光学系统100的成像质量。
另外，变焦光学系统100的各项参数由表1给出。其中，表1中的像面S19可理解为变焦光学系统100的成像面。由物面(图未示出)至像面S19的各元件依次按照表1从上至下的各元件的顺序排列。表1中的曲率半径为相应面序号的物侧面或像侧面于光轴110处的曲 率半径。面序号S1和面序号S2分别为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1和像侧面S2，即同一透镜中，面序号较小的表面为物侧面，面序号较大的表面为像侧面。第一透镜L1的“厚度”参数列中的第一个数值为该透镜于光轴110上的厚度，第二个数值为该透镜的像侧面至像侧方向的后一表面于光轴110上的距离。
需要注意的是，在该实施例及以下各实施例中，变焦光学系统100也可不设置红外滤光片L8，但此时第四透镜L4的像侧面S8至像面S19的距离保持不变。
在第一实施例中，变焦光学系统100的有效焦距f＝1.94mm，光圈数FNO＝2.8，最大视场角FOV＝78.6deg，光学总长TTL＝5.43mm，半像高ImgH＝2.934mm，第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至第四透镜L4的像侧面S8于光轴110上的距离DL＝4.02mm。可以理解的是，由于变焦光学系统100设置有变焦透镜L7，具备变焦功能，因而表1中变焦光学系统100的有效焦距f的数值仅为变焦光学系统100其中一个焦距状态下的举例，实际上，当被摄物与变焦光学系统100的相对位置发生改变时，变焦光学系统100进行对焦后，变焦光学系统100的有效焦距f也会相应改变，以适应不同的被摄物距离。
且各透镜的焦距的参考波长为555nm、折射率和阿贝数的参考波长均为587.56nm，其他实施例也相同。
表1
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000001
进一步地，变焦光学系统100各透镜像侧面或物侧面的非球面系数由表2给出。其中，面序号从S1-S8分别表示像侧面或物侧面S1-S8。而从上到下的K-A20分别表示非球面系数的类型，其中，K表示圆锥系数，A4表示四次非球面系数，A6表示六次非球面系数，A8表示八次非球面系数，以此类推。另外，非球面系数公式如下：
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000002
其中，Z为非球面上相应点到与表面顶点相切的平面的距离，r为非球面上相应点到光轴110的距离，c为非球面顶点的曲率，k为圆锥系数，Ai为非球面面型公式中与第i项高次项相对应的系数。
表2
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000003
另外，图2包括变焦光学系统100的纵向球面像差图(Longitudinal Spherical Aberration)，其表示不同波长的光线经由镜头后的汇聚焦点偏离。纵向球面像差图的纵坐标表示归一化的由光瞳中心至光瞳边缘的光瞳坐标(Normalized Pupil Coordinator)，横坐标表示成像面到光线与光轴110交点的距离(单位为mm)。由纵向球面像差图可知，第一实施例中的各波长光线的汇聚焦点偏离程度趋于一致，成像画面中的弥散斑或色晕得到有效抑制。图2还包括变焦光学系统100的场曲图(ASTIGMATIC FIELD CURVES)，其中S曲线代表555nm下的弧矢场曲，T曲线代表555nm下的子午场曲。由图中可知，变焦光学系统100的场曲较小，各视场的场曲和像散均得到了良好的校正，视场中心和边缘均拥有清晰的成像。图2还包括变焦光学系统100的畸变图(DISTORTION)，由图中可知，由主光束引起的图像变形较小，系统的成像质量优良。
第二实施例
请参见图3和图4，图3为第二实施例中的变焦光学系统100的结构示意图，变焦光学系统100由物侧至像侧依次包括保护玻璃L9、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、变焦透镜L7、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3以及具有负屈折力的第四透镜L4。图4由左至右依次为第二实施例中变焦光学系统100的纵向球差、像散及畸变的曲线图。可以理解的是，在第二实施例中，第三透镜L3的像侧还设置有一片具有屈折力的透镜，第四透镜L4即为变焦光学系统100的最后一片透镜。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第一透镜L1的像侧面S2于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凹面；
第二透镜L2的像侧面S4于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面；
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凹面；
第三透镜L3的像侧面S6于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凹面；
第四透镜L4的像侧面S8于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面。
第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3以及第四透镜L4的物侧面和像侧面均为非球面。
第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3以及第四透镜L4的材质均为塑料。
另外，变焦光学系统100的各项参数由表3给出，且其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表3
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000004
进一步地，变焦光学系统100各透镜像侧面或物侧面的非球面系数由表4给出，且其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表4
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000006
根据上述所提供的各参数信息，可推得以下数据：
TTL/(ImgH*2) 0.999 |V2-V1| 35.710
DL/TTL 0.753 (n1+n2)/f(mm -1) 1.586
TTL/f 2.901 (f1+|f2|)/|RL1| 0.183
f12/f 1.490 (|SAGL1|+|SAGL2|)/CTL 1.054
CTTlens(mm) 0.400 (CT1+CT2+CT3)/TTL 0.451
RL2/f 0.387 YcL2/SDL2 0.730
另外，由图4中的像差图可知，变焦光学系统100的纵向球差、场曲和畸变均得到良好的控制，从而该实施例的变焦光学系统100拥有良好的成像品质。
第三实施例
请参见图5和图6，图5为第三实施例中的变焦光学系统100的结构示意图，变焦光学系统100由物侧至像侧依次包括变焦透镜L7、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4以及具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。图6由左至右依次为第三实施例中变焦光学系统100的纵向球差、像散及畸变的曲线图。可以理解的是，在第三实施例中，第三透镜L3的像侧还设置有两篇具有屈折力的透镜，分别为第四透镜L4与第五透镜L5，第五透镜L5即为变焦光学系统100的最后一片透镜。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第一透镜L1的像侧面S2于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面；
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第二透镜L2的像侧面S4于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凹面；
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凹面；
第三透镜L3的像侧面S6于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凹面；
第四透镜L4的像侧面S8于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面；
第五透镜L5的像侧面S10于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面。
第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4以及第五透镜L5的物侧面和像侧面均为非球面。
第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4以及第五透镜L5的材质均为塑料。
另外，变焦光学系统100的各项参数由表5给出，且其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。需要说明的是，第三实施例相比于第一实施例而言，变焦光学系统100还包括第五透镜L5，第五透镜L5具有物侧面S9和像侧面S10。
表5
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000007
进一步地，变焦光学系统100各透镜像侧面或物侧面的非球面系数由表6给出，且其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表6
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000009
并且，根据上述所提供的各参数信息，可推得以下数据：
TTL/(ImgH*2) 0.690 |V2-V1| 35.710
DL/TTL 0.778 (n1+n2)/f(mm -1) 0.915
TTL/f 1.157 (f1+|f2|)/|RL1| 0.014
f12/f 1.220 (|SAGL1|+|SAGL2|)/CTL 1.928
CTTlens(mm) 0.400 (CT1+CT2+CT3)/TTL 0.287
RL2/f 0.314 YcL2/SDL2 0.498
另外，由图6中的像差图可知，变焦光学系统100的纵向球差、场曲和畸变均得到良好的控制，从而该实施例的变焦光学系统100拥有良好的成像品质。
第四实施例
请参见图7和图8，图7为第四实施例中的变焦光学系统100的结构示意图，变焦光学系统100由物侧至像侧依次包括光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第一透镜L1、变焦透镜L7、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4以及具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。图8由左至右依次为第四实施例中变焦光学系统100的纵向球差、像散及畸变的曲线图。可以理解的是，在第四实施例中，第五透镜L5即为变焦光学系统100的最后一片透镜。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第一透镜L1的像侧面S2于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面；
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凹面；
第二透镜L2的像侧面S4于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凹面；
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凹面；
第三透镜L3的像侧面S6于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面；
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凹面；
第四透镜L4的像侧面S8于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面；
第五透镜L5的像侧面S10于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面。
第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4以及第五透镜L5的物侧面和像侧面均为非球面。
第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4以及第五透镜L5的材质均为塑料。
另外，变焦光学系统100的各项参数由表7给出，且其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表7
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000011
进一步地，变焦光学系统100各透镜像侧面或物侧面的非球面系数由表8给出，且其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表8
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000012
并且，根据上述所提供的各参数信息，可推得以下数据：
TTL/(ImgH*2) 0.777 |V2-V1| 36.870
DL/TTL 0.849 (n1+n2)/f(mm -1) 0.814
TTL/f 1.291 (f1+|f2|)/|RL1| 4.574
f12/f 1.582 (|SAGL1|+|SAGL2|)/CTL 3.268
CTTlens(mm) 0.550 (CT1+CT2+CT3)/TTL 0.295
RL2/f 0.675 YcL2/SDL2 0.456
另外，由图8中的像差图可知，变焦光学系统100的纵向球差、场曲和畸变均得到良好的控制，从而该实施例的变焦光学系统100拥有良好的成像品质。
第五实施例
请参见图9和图10，图9为第五实施例中的变焦光学系统100的结构示意图，变焦光学系统100由物侧至像侧依次包括变焦透镜L7、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有正屈折力的第五透镜L5以及具有负屈折力的第六透镜L6。图10由左至右依次为第五实施例中变焦光学系统100的纵向球差、像散及畸变的曲线图。可以理解的是，在第五实施例中，第三透镜L3的像侧还设置有三片具有屈折力的透镜，分别为第四透镜L4、第五透镜L5以及第六透镜L6，第六透镜L6即为变焦光学系统100的最后一片透镜。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第一透镜L1的像侧面S2于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面；
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第二透镜L2的像侧面S4于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凹面；
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凹面；
第三透镜L3的像侧面S6于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面；
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凹面；
第四透镜L4的像侧面S8于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凹面；
第五透镜L5的像侧面S10于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面；
第六透镜L6的物侧面S11于近光轴110处为凸面，于圆周处为凸面；
第六透镜L6的像侧面S12于近光轴110处为凹面，于圆周处为凸面。
第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4、第五透镜L5以及第六透镜L6的物侧面和像侧面均为非球面。
第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第四透镜L4、第五透镜L5以及第六透镜L6的材质均为塑料。
另外，变焦光学系统100的各项参数由表9给出，且其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表9
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000014
进一步地，变焦光学系统100各透镜像侧面或物侧面的非球面系数由表10给出，且其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表10
Figure PCTCN2021103709-appb-000015
并且，根据上述所提供的各参数信息，可推得以下数据：
TTL/(ImgH*2) 0.670 |V2-V1| 36.870
DL/TTL 0.772 (n1+n2)/f(mm -1) 0.679
TTL/f 1.133 (f1+|f2|)/|RL1| 4.308
f12/f 1.154 (|SAGL1|+|SAGL2|)/CTL 0.763
CTTlens(mm) 0.400 (CT1+CT2+CT3)/TTL 0.253
RL2/f 0.353 YcL2/SDL2 0.415
另外，由图10中的像差图可知，变焦光学系统100的纵向球差、场曲和畸变均得到良好的控制，从而该实施例的变焦光学系统100拥有良好的成像品质。
请参见图11，在一些实施例中，变焦光学系统100可与感光元件210组装形成取像模组200。此时，感光元件210的感光面可视为变焦光学系统100的像面S19。取像模组200还可设置有红外滤光片L8，红外滤光片L8设置于变焦光学系统100中最后一片透镜与像面S19之间。具体地，感光元件210可以为电荷耦合元件(Charge Coupled Device，CCD)或互补金属氧化物半导体器件(Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Sensor，CMOS Sensor)。 在取像模组200中采用上述变焦光学系统100，在实现变焦功能的同时，有利于缩短取像模组200的总长，实现小型化设计，同时也利于提升取像模组100的成像质量。
请参见图11和图12，在一些实施例中，取像模组200可应用于电子设备300中，电子设备包括壳体310，取像模组200设置于壳体310。具体地，电子设备300可以为但不限于便携电话机、视频电话、智能手机、电子书籍阅读器、行车记录仪等车载摄像设备或智能手表等可穿戴装置。当电子设备300为智能手机时，壳体310可以为电子设备300的中框。在电子设备300中采用上述取像模组200，在实现变焦功能的同时，有利于缩短电子设备300的总长，实现小型化设计，同时也利于提升电子设备300的成像质量。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种变焦光学系统，沿光轴由物侧至像侧依次包括：
    具有正屈折力的第一透镜，所述第一透镜的物侧面于近光轴处为凸面；
    具有负屈折力的第二透镜，所述第二透镜的像侧面于近光轴处为凹面；
    具有正屈折力的第三透镜；以及
    至少一片具有屈折力的透镜；
    所述变焦光学系统还包括变焦透镜，所述变焦透镜设置于所述第一透镜的物侧，或者设置于所述第一透镜、所述第二透镜与所述第三透镜中任意相邻两片透镜之间；
    所述变焦光学系统中最后一片透镜的物侧面和像侧面的至少一者存在反曲点，且所述变焦光学系统满足以下条件式：
    0.7≤(|SAGL1|+|SAGL2|)/CTL≤5；
    其中，SAGL1为所述变焦光学系统中最后一片透镜的物侧面最大有效口径处的矢高，SAGL2为所述变焦光学系统中最后一片透镜的像侧面最大有效口径处的矢高，CTL为所述变焦光学系统中最后一片透镜于光轴上的厚度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下条件式：
    0.6≤TTL/(ImgH*2)≤1；
    其中，TTL为所述第一透镜的物侧面至所述变焦光学系统的成像面于光轴上的距离，ImgH为所述变焦光学系统的最大视场角所对应的像高的一半。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下条件式：
    0.75≤DL/TTL＜1；
    其中，DL为所述第一透镜的物侧面至所述变焦光学系统中最后一片透镜的像侧面于光轴上的距离，TTL为所述第一透镜的物侧面至所述变焦光学系统的成像面于光轴上的距离。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下条件式：
    1≤TTL/f≤3；
    其中，TTL为所述第一透镜的物侧面至所述变焦光学系统的成像面于光轴上的距离，f为所述变焦光学系统的有效焦距。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下条件式：
    1≤f12/f≤1.6；
    其中，f12为所述第一透镜与所述第二透镜的组合焦距，f为所述变焦光学系统的有效焦距。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下条件式：
    CTTlens≤0.6mm；
    其中，CTTlens为所述变焦透镜于光轴上的厚度。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下条件式：
    0≤RL2/f≤1；
    其中，RL2为所述变焦光学系统中最后一片透镜的像侧面于光轴处的曲率半径，f为所述变焦光学系统的有效焦距。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下条件式：
    0.5mm -1≤(n1+n2)/f≤2mm -1；
    其中，n1为所述第一透镜在d线下的折射率，n2为所述第二透镜在d线下的折射率，f为所述变焦光学系统的有效焦距。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下条件式：
    (f1+|f2|)/|RL1|≤5；
    其中，f1为所述第一透镜的有效焦距，f2为所述第二透镜的有效焦距，RL1为所述变焦光学系统中最后一片透镜的物侧面于光轴处的曲率半径。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下条件式：
    0＜(CT1+CT2+CT3)/TTL≤0.5；
    其中，CT1为所述第一透镜于光轴上的厚度，CT2为所述第二透镜于光轴上的厚度，CT3为所述第三透镜于光轴上的厚度，TTL为所述第一透镜的物侧面至所述变焦光学系统的成像面于光轴上的距离。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下条件式：
    0＜YcL2/SDL2≤1；
    其中，YcL2为所述变焦光学系统中最后一片透镜的像侧面距离所述变焦光学系统的成像面最近的点与光轴的垂直距离，SDL2为所述变焦光学系统中最后一片透镜的最大有效口径的一半。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下条件式：
    30≤|V2-V1|≤40；
    其中，V2为所述第二透镜在d线下的阿贝数，V1为所述第一透镜在d线下的阿贝数。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下条件式：
    73deg≤FOV≤80deg；
    其中，FOV为变焦光学系统100的最大视场角。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，所述变焦光学系统中各透镜的物侧面和像侧面均为非球面。
  15. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，所述变焦光学系统中各透镜的材质均为塑料。
  16. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，所述第三透镜的像侧还包括一片、两片或三片具有屈折力的透镜。
  17. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，所述变焦透镜沿光轴由物侧至像侧依次包括玻璃基板层、高分子聚合物层以及压电薄膜层。
  18. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的变焦光学系统，其特征在于，还包括光阑，所述光阑设置于所述第一透镜的物侧。
  19. 一种取像模组，包括感光元件以及权利要求1-18任一项所述的变焦光学系统，所述感光元件设置于所述变焦光学系统的像侧。
  20. 一种电子设备，包括壳体以及权利要求19所述的取像模组，所述取像模组设置于所述壳体。
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