WO2022236663A1 - 光学变焦系统、变焦模组及电子设备 - Google Patents

光学变焦系统、变焦模组及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022236663A1
WO2022236663A1 PCT/CN2021/093004 CN2021093004W WO2022236663A1 WO 2022236663 A1 WO2022236663 A1 WO 2022236663A1 CN 2021093004 W CN2021093004 W CN 2021093004W WO 2022236663 A1 WO2022236663 A1 WO 2022236663A1
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Prior art keywords
lens
zoom system
optical zoom
optical
object side
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PCT/CN2021/093004
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
华露
杨健
李明
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欧菲光集团股份有限公司
江西晶超光学有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/093004 priority Critical patent/WO2022236663A1/zh
Publication of WO2022236663A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022236663A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of photography and imaging, in particular to an optical zoom system, a zoom module and electronic equipment.
  • the electronic device will be equipped with several fixed-focus lenses corresponding to shooting characteristics such as different object distances and depths of field, such as telephoto lenses, wide-angle lenses, high-definition lenses, etc.
  • the zoom effect is achieved by correspondingly switching between images captured by different fixed-focus lenses, so as to achieve clear shooting of different shooting scenes.
  • this design will undoubtedly lead to high manufacturing cost of the device and occupy too much internal space of the device. Therefore, the industry has also begun to explore the design of integrating the zoom function into the same module.
  • an optical zoom system a zoom module, and an electronic device are provided.
  • An optical zoom system which sequentially includes from the object side to the image side along the optical axis:
  • the first lens group includes a first lens with negative refractive power and a second lens with positive refractive power, the object side and the image side of the first lens are both concave at the near optical axis;
  • the second lens group includes a third lens with positive refractive power and a fourth lens with negative refractive power, the object side and image side of the third lens are convex at the near optical axis, and the fourth lens The object side is concave at the near optical axis;
  • the third lens group includes a fifth lens with negative refractive power, the image side of the fifth lens is concave at the near optical axis, the object side and the image side of the fifth lens are both aspherical, and at least One has recursion;
  • At least one of the second mirror group and the third mirror group can move relative to the first mirror group to change the effective focal length of the optical zoom system.
  • a zoom module including a driver, an image sensor, and the optical zoom system described in any one of the above embodiments, the image sensor is arranged on the light-emitting side of the third mirror group, and the driver is used to drive the At least two of the first mirror group, the second mirror group and the third mirror group move relative to the image sensor.
  • An electronic device includes a fixing part and the above-mentioned zoom module, and the zoom module is arranged on the fixing part.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the optical zoom system in the first embodiment of the present application when it is at the short-focus end;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the optical zoom system in the first embodiment of the present application when it is at the mid-focus end;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical zoom system at the telephoto end in the first embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 4 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the short focus end in the first embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 5 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the middle focal point in the first embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 6 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the telephoto end in the first embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical zoom system in the second embodiment of the present application when it is at the short-focus end;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the optical zoom system in the second embodiment of the present application when it is at the mid-focus end;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical zoom system at the telephoto end in the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the short focus end in the second embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 11 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the middle focal point in the second embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 12 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the telephoto end in the second embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical zoom system in the third embodiment of the present application when it is at the short-focus end;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical zoom system in the third embodiment of the present application when it is at the mid-focus end;
  • 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical zoom system at the telephoto end in the third embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 16 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the short focus end in the third embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 17 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the middle focus end in the third embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 18 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the telephoto end in the third embodiment of the present application;
  • 19 is a schematic structural view of the optical zoom system in the fourth embodiment of the present application when it is at the short-focus end;
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural view of the optical zoom system in the fourth embodiment of the present application when it is at the mid-focus end;
  • 21 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical zoom system at the telephoto end in the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 22 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the short focus end in the fourth embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 23 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the middle focal point in the fourth embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 24 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the telephoto end in the fourth embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical zoom system in the fifth embodiment of the present application when it is at the short-focus end;
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic structural view of the optical zoom system in the fifth embodiment of the present application when it is at the mid-focus end;
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical zoom system at the telephoto end in the fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 28 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the short focus end in the fifth embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 29 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the middle focal point in the fifth embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 30 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the telephoto end in the fifth embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical zoom system in the sixth embodiment of the present application when it is at the short-focus end;
  • Fig. 32 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical zoom system in the sixth embodiment of the present application when it is at the mid-focus end;
  • Fig. 34 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the short focus end in the sixth embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 35 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the middle focus end in the sixth embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 36 includes the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system is at the telephoto end in the sixth embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 37 is a schematic structural diagram of a zoom module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 38 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical zoom system 10 sequentially includes along the optical axis 101: a first lens group G1, and the first lens group G1 includes a first lens group with negative refractive power.
  • the second lens group G2 includes a third lens L3 with positive refractive power and a fourth lens L4 with negative refractive power;
  • the third mirror Group G3, the third lens group G3 includes a fifth lens L5 having a negative refractive power.
  • the lenses in the optical zoom system 10 are arranged coaxially, that is, the optical axes of the lenses are on the same straight line, which can also be called the optical axis 101 of the optical zoom system 10 . in,
  • At least one of the second lens group G2 and the third lens group G3 can move relative to the first lens group G1, so as to change the effective focal length of the optical zoom system 10 and realize optical continuous zooming.
  • the lenses in each lens group can be assembled in a bracket. During the zooming process, the lenses in any lens group move synchronously.
  • a driving member such as a voice coil motor can be provided to act as a support for at least two groups of lens groups so that the corresponding lens groups move along the optical axis 101 .
  • first lens L1 has object side S1 and image side S2
  • second lens L2 has object side S3 and image side S4
  • third lens L3 has object side S5 and image side S6,
  • fourth lens L4 has object side S7 and
  • the fifth lens L5 has an object side S9 and an image side S10.
  • the optical zoom system 10 has a virtual imaging surface S11, which is located on the light-emitting side of the third lens group G3, and the light emitted by the point light source on the object plane can be converged on the imaging surface after being adjusted by each lens group in the corresponding state.
  • Surface S11 Generally, the imaging surface S11 of the optical zoom system 10 coincides with the photosensitive surface of the image sensor.
  • both the object side S1 and the image side S2 of the first lens L1 are concave at the near optical axis; the object side S5 and the image side S6 of the third lens L3 are both concave at the near optical axis.
  • the optical zoom system 10 can have a suitable light entrance aperture, which is beneficial to the optical zoom system 10. There is still enough light at different focal points.
  • the positive refractive power design of the second lens L2 can correct the spherical aberration produced by the first lens L1, and at the same time adjust the light from the first lens L1 to prevent the incident light from being too large when passing through the first lens group G1.
  • the light passing through the first lens group G1 can make a reasonable transition to the second lens group G2, especially for the zoom system, it can effectively prevent the gap between the first lens group G1 and the second lens group G2 when switching the focal point.
  • the unreasonable deflection of light between them produces an excessive difference in imaging clarity.
  • the light from the first lens group G1 can be converged in time, which is beneficial to shorten the total length of the system; on the other hand, it can also increase the time of the optical zoom system 10 at the telephoto end.
  • the telephoto characteristic is beneficial to increase the zoom ratio of the optical zoom system 10, so that the system has better zoom performance.
  • the above-mentioned refractive power and surface design of the fourth lens L4 in the second lens group G2 can help to correct the aberration produced by the object-side lens, and the refractive power setting opposite to the object-side lens is also conducive to obtaining reasonable deflection of light , to make a reasonable transition to the third lens group G3.
  • the refractive power, surface shape and recurve design of the fifth lens L5 can make the light of the peripheral field of view have a reasonable deflection when passing through, so as to improve the relative brightness of the imaging area corresponding to the peripheral field of view, and also benefit the optical zoom system 10 It has a large image area to match the image sensor with higher pixels, thereby improving the imaging quality.
  • the optical zoom system 10 achieves good balance in terms of aberration correction, improvement of relative brightness, increase of zoom ratio, realization of large image area, and reduction of manufacturing cost. That is, the design of five lenses has excellent zoom performance.
  • the optical zoom system 10 can be switched between at least two states, such as switching between short focus end and long focus end; or switching between at least three states, such as short focus end, medium focus switch between the telephoto end and the telephoto end.
  • the optical zoom system 10 When the optical zoom system 10 is at the short focus end, the optical zoom system 10 will have the shortest effective focal length in the zoom process; when the optical zoom system 10 is at the long focus end, the optical zoom system 10 will have the longest effective focal length in the zoom process .
  • the optical zoom system 10 is at the medium focal length, the effective focal length will be between the longest effective focal length and the shortest effective focal length, but it does not mean that it can only be an intermediate value between the two.
  • the optical zoom system 10 in some embodiments is not limited to switching between the short focus end, the medium focus end and the long focus end, and the optical zoom system 10 can also be switched between the short focus end and the long focus end. Any state between the two ends, so as to have any effective focal length between the longest effective focal length and the shortest effective focal length, so as to correspond to different shooting scene requirements.
  • the distance between the first lens group G1 and the second lens group G2 decreases, and the distance between the second lens group G2 and the The distance between the third mirror group G3 decreases or increases, and the distance between the third mirror group G3 and the imaging plane S11 of the optical zoom system 10 increases.
  • the total optical length of the optical zoom system 10 can be fixed.
  • the first mirror group G1 remains fixed compared to the imaging surface S11 of the optical zoom system 10, which can also be understood as the distance between the optical zoom system 10 and the image sensor.
  • the first mirror group G1 remains still relative to the image sensor, and at this time, the second mirror group G2 and the third mirror group G3 can respectively produce relative to the first mirror group G1 along the optical axis direction Move for optical zoom.
  • the total optical length of the optical zoom system 10 can also change with the zoom adjustment, which can also be understood as the first mirror group G1 and the second mirror group G2 during the zooming process after being assembled into a zoom module. Both the third lens group G3 and the third lens group can move along the optical axis relative to the image sensor.
  • the optical zoom system 10 also satisfies at least one of the following relationships, and when the optical zoom system 10 with the above-mentioned five-chip structure satisfies any of the following relationships, it can bring corresponding effects:
  • ctg1 is the distance on the optical axis 101 from the object side S1 of the first lens L1 to the image side S4 of the second lens L2
  • ctg2 is the distance between the object side S5 and the image side S4 of the third lens L3
  • the distance between the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 on the optical axis 101, ctg3 is the thickness of the fifth lens L5 on the optical axis 101
  • ttld is the object side S1 to the first lens L1 when the optical zoom system 10 is at the short focus end
  • the relationship satisfied by the optical zoom system 10 may specifically be 0.2, 0.205, 0.21, 0.214, 0.218, 0.226, 0.23, 0.233 or 0.237.
  • IMGH is the maximum imaging circle radius of the optical zoom system
  • FFLd is the shortest distance between the image side S10 and the imaging surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 in the direction of the optical axis when the optical zoom system 10 is at the short-focus end distance.
  • the optical zoom system 10 When this relationship is satisfied, on the one hand, it is beneficial for the optical zoom system 10 to have a large image surface characteristic to match an image sensor with higher pixels, so as to obtain a higher-quality imaging effect; In this state, the degree of deflection relative to the optical axis when the light of the peripheral field of view exits from the third mirror group G3 is suppressed, that is, the incident angle of the light of the peripheral field of view on the imaging surface S11 is reduced, thereby effectively improving the relative brightness of the peripheral imaging area , to prevent the generation of vignetting, thereby improving the image quality.
  • the relationship satisfied by the optical zoom system 10 may specifically be 3.7, 3.86, 4.1, 4.37, 4.9, 5.28, 5.74, 6.2, 6.55 or 6.74.
  • the optical zoom system 10 can have a larger zoom ratio, that is, the zoom range is increased, and the magnification of the system is effectively improved, thereby improving the zoom performance of the optical zoom system 10 .
  • the relationship satisfied by the optical zoom system 10 may specifically be 1.56, 1.58, 1.62, 1.65, 1.67 or 1.7.
  • R52 is the radius of curvature of the image side S10 of the fifth lens L5 at the optical axis 101
  • sag52 is the maximum of the image side S10 of the fifth lens L5 when the optical zoom system 10 is at the short-focus end Sag height at effective diameter.
  • a reasonable transitional environment reduces the incident angle of the light at the edge of the field of view on the imaging surface S11, thereby helping to improve the relative brightness of the edge imaging area, satisfying this relationship and reducing the degree of curvature of the image side S10 of the fifth lens L5 , thereby reducing the tolerance sensitivity of the face.
  • the sagittal height at the effective diameter of the image side S10 of the fifth lens L5 is too large, which tends to make the surface shape too steep and complex, increasing the difficulty of forming and processing the lens.
  • the relationship satisfied by the optical zoom system 10 may specifically be 18, 20, 26, 30, 35, 47, 60, 86, 105, 110, 210 or 240.
  • the optical zoom system 10 further satisfies 16.42 ⁇
  • f4 is the effective focal length of the fourth lens L4
  • et4d is the maximum effective diameter of the object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 to the maximum effective diameter of the image side S8 when the optical zoom system 10 is at the short focus end in the direction of the optical axis.
  • the refractive power of the fourth lens L4 can be reasonably restricted, which is beneficial to reduce the total length of the second lens group, and the center thickness and edge thickness of the fourth lens L4 can be properly controlled, which is beneficial to reduce the Difficulty in processing and forming and improving stability during assembly.
  • the negative refractive power provided by the fourth lens L4 to the second lens group G2 is too large, which is not conducive to correcting aberrations and ensuring sufficient resolution, and because there is only one piece of image space left by the fourth lens L4 lens, so it will increase the burden of the last lens, which will easily make it difficult for the last lens in the system to effectively correct the remaining aberrations, resulting in a decrease in imaging quality.
  • the negative refractive power contributed by the fourth lens L4 to the second lens group G2 is not enough to deflect the light to enter the third lens group at a suitable angle, which is not conducive to the realization of the system's telephoto and high Zoom ratio feature.
  • the relationship satisfied by the optical zoom system 10 may specifically be 7.8, 8.0, 8.3, 8.7, 9.9, 10.5, 11.8, 12.5 or 12.7.
  • f5 is the effective focal length of the fifth lens L5
  • sag51 is the sagittal height of the object side S9 of the fifth lens L5 at the maximum effective diameter when the optical zoom system 10 is at the short focus end.
  • the refractive power strength of the fifth lens L5 can be reasonably constrained by the degree of curvature of the object-side S9 surface of the fifth lens L5, which can provide a suitable refractive power for the optical zoom system 10 on the one hand; on the other hand,
  • the sagittal height of the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 at the maximum effective diameter can be controlled within an appropriate range, so as to effectively control the edge inclination of the surface, and achieve reasonable deflection of the light passing through the maximum effective diameter of the surface. In order to facilitate the realization of large image surface design.
  • the edge inclination angle of the object side S9 of the fifth lens L5 is too small, which is not enough to provide sufficient deflection force for the marginal light rays, so that the incident angle of the light rays on the imaging surface S11 is too large, which easily leads to the edge imaging area.
  • the brightness is not enough to form dark corners.
  • the inclination angle of the edge of the object side S9 of the fifth lens L5 is too large, and the surface shape is too curved. This will reduce the telescoping space of the optical zoom system 10, which is not conducive to miniaturization before telescopic transformation, and is also not conducive to the processing, molding and assembly of the fifth lens L5.
  • the relationship satisfied by the optical zoom system 10 may specifically be 16, 16.3, 16.8, 17.3, 17.5, 24, 29, 32, 40, 44.5 or 47.
  • f2 is the effective focal length of the second lens L2
  • f12 is the combined focal length of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2.
  • the second lens L2 provides positive refractive power for the first lens group. By controlling the ratio of the above relationship within a reasonable range, it will help the second lens L2 to balance the negative refractive power of the first lens L1, so that the light can obtain a reasonable deflection angle , so that the light emitted from the first lens group G1 can transition to the second lens group G2 more smoothly, and it is also beneficial to shorten the total length of the first lens group G1.
  • the relationship satisfied by the optical zoom system 10 may specifically be 1.3, 1.5, 1.7, 2.0, 2.5, 2.9, 3.1, 3.7, 4, 4.2 or 4.4.
  • n4 is the refractive index of the fourth lens L4 under d light
  • n5 is the refractive index of the fifth lens L5 under d light
  • ct45c is The distance on the optical axis 101 from the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 to the object side S9 of the fifth lens L5 when the optical zoom system 10 is at the telephoto end.
  • the relationship satisfied by the optical zoom system 10 may specifically be 0.96, 1, 1.03, 1.06, 1.08 or 1.1, and the numerical unit is mm ⁇ 1 .
  • the first lens L1 provides the main negative refractive power for the first lens group G1.
  • the surface design of the first lens L1 is also beneficial to cooperate with the second lens L2, so as to facilitate mechanism arrangement and post-processing assembly.
  • the relationship satisfied by the optical zoom system 10 may specifically be 1.3, 1.32, 1.37, 1.48, 1.56, 1.65, 1.74 or 1.8.
  • the optical zoom system 10 can still have sufficient incoming light at the telephoto end, so as to maintain good imaging quality when imaging distant objects.
  • the relationship satisfied by the optical zoom system 10 may specifically be 1.08, 1.1, 1.12, 1.15, 1.18, 1.2 or 1.22, and the numerical unit is mm.
  • IMGH can also be understood as the image height corresponding to the maximum viewing angle of the optical zoom system 10 at each focal end, and the image height IMGH of the optical zoom system 10 remains unchanged during the zooming process.
  • Imgh can also be understood as half of the diagonal length of the rectangular effective pixel area of the image sensor.
  • the maximum effective diameter of the lens surface It can also be called the maximum effective light aperture or the maximum effective light aperture of the surface.
  • the maximum effective diameter of the lens surface depends on the size of the maximum light-passing area of the effective light passing through the surface, so at different focal points, the maximum effective diameter of the same lens surface may be different.
  • the sagittal height value (such as sag51, sag52) at the maximum effective diameter of a certain lens surface is a positive number, it means that the maximum effective diameter of the surface is closer to the object side than the intersection of the surface and the optical axis 101; when the sagittal height value When it is a negative number, it means that the maximum effective diameter of the surface is closer to the image side than the intersection of the surface and the optical axis 101 .
  • the numerical reference wavelength of the effective focal length and combined focal length involved in the above relational conditions is 555nm
  • the effective focal length and combined focal length at least refer to the value of the corresponding lens or mirror group at the near optical axis 101
  • the refractive power of the lens refers to at least the value at the near optical axis 101.
  • the reference wavelength of the Abbe number and the refractive index involved in the conditions of each relational expression is d light wavelength (587.56nm).
  • the conditions of the above relational expressions and the technical effects brought about by them are aimed at the optical zoom system 10 with the above-mentioned lens design.
  • the lens design (the number of lens groups, the number of lenses in each lens group, the refractive power configuration of the lens groups, etc.) cannot be guaranteed to have the above-mentioned optical zoom system 10, it will be difficult to ensure that the optical zoom system 10 can still satisfy these relations. With corresponding technical effects, it may even cause a significant decrease in camera performance.
  • the optical zoom system 10 also includes an aperture stop, which is used to control the amount of incident light and the depth of field of the optical zoom system, and can also block non-effective light to suppress aberrations.
  • a light-shielding film may be provided on either lens surface or through a clip to form an aperture stop.
  • the light incident surface of the first lens of the second lens group L2 that is, the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is used as the aperture stop surface, which can effectively cooperate with the optical zoom system.
  • the above-mentioned design of 10 enables the optical zoom system 10 to reasonably intercept non-effective light to effectively suppress aberrations when switching to different zoom states, and is also conducive to obtaining a reasonable amount of incident light.
  • At least one lens of the optical zoom system 10 has an aspheric surface.
  • the lens is said to have an aspheric surface.
  • both the object side and the image side of each lens can be designed as aspheric surfaces.
  • the aspherical design can help the optical zoom system 10 to eliminate aberration more effectively and improve the imaging quality.
  • at least one lens of the optical zoom system 10 may have a spherical surface, and the design of the spherical surface may reduce the difficulty and cost of manufacturing the lens.
  • each lens surface in the optical zoom system 10 can be composed of aspherical and spherical surfaces. It should be noted that when the object side or image side of a certain lens is an aspheric surface, there may be a recurved structure on the surface, and at this time, the surface type of the surface will change from the center to the edge
  • the calculation of the surface shape of an aspheric surface can refer to the aspheric surface formula:
  • Z is the distance from the corresponding point on the aspheric surface to the tangent plane of the surface at the optical axis
  • r is the distance from the corresponding point on the aspheric surface to the optical axis
  • c is the curvature of the aspheric surface at the optical axis
  • k is the conic coefficient
  • Ai is the high-order term coefficient corresponding to the i-th order high-order term in the aspheric surface formula.
  • At least one of the first lens L1 to the fifth lens L5 is made of plastic (PC), and the plastic material may be polycarbonate, resin, or the like.
  • the lens made of plastic material can reduce the weight of the optical zoom system 10 and reduce the manufacturing cost, and because the weight of the plastic lens is reduced, the power burden of the zoom driving structure (such as a voice coil motor) can also be correspondingly reduced.
  • at least one of the first lens L1 to the fifth lens L5 is made of glass (GL), and the glass lens can withstand high temperature and has excellent and stable optical performance.
  • the materials of different lenses in the optical zoom system 10 can be made of glass and plastic, so that some of the lenses in the system are glass lenses, and some of the lenses are plastic lenses, so as to balance the preparation cost and optical characteristics of the optical zoom system 10. performance.
  • the lenses in the first mirror group G1 are made of glass, and the lenses in the second mirror group G2 and the third mirror group G3 are made of plastic.
  • the optical zoom system 10 includes a driver, and at least two of the first mirror group G1, the second mirror group G2 and the third mirror group G3 are connected to the driver and controlled by the driver.
  • the driving part is used to drive the mirror group to move along the optical axis direction of the system so that the distance between the mirror groups changes, that is, relative displacement occurs, and then the focal length of the system is adjusted.
  • the driving part can be a conventional voice coil motor structure or a gear drive structure, and the specific setting can be determined according to actual needs, and will not be repeated here.
  • optical zoom system 10 of the present application is described below through a more specific embodiment:
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of the optical zoom system 10 at the short-focus end
  • Fig. 2 shows a structural schematic view of the optical zoom system 10 at the mid-focus end
  • Fig. 3 shows the optical zoom system 10 at the mid-focus end.
  • the optical zoom system 10 sequentially includes from the object side to the image side along the optical axis 101: a first lens group G1 with negative refractive power, wherein the first lens group G1 includes a first lens with negative refractive power L1 and a second lens L2 with positive refractive power; a second lens group G2 with positive refractive power, wherein the second lens group G2 includes a third lens L3 with positive refractive power and a fourth lens L4 with negative refractive power; And a third lens group G3 with negative refractive power, wherein the third lens group G3 includes a fifth lens L5 with negative refractive power.
  • the optical zoom system 10 with the above-mentioned design can achieve good balance in terms of aberration correction, improvement of relative brightness, increase of zoom ratio, realization of large image area, reduction of manufacturing cost, etc., that is, it has excellent zoom performance through the design of five lenses .
  • the surface shape of each lens of the optical zoom system 10 is as follows:
  • the object side S1 of the first lens L1 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S2 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S1 is concave at the circumference
  • the image side S2 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex at the near optical axis 101, the image side S4 is concave at the near optical axis 101; the object side S3 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S4 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S5 of the third lens L3 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S6 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S5 is convex at the circumference
  • the image side S6 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S8 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S7 is convex at the circumference
  • the image side S8 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S9 of the fifth lens L5 is convex at the near optical axis 101 , and the image side S10 is concave at the near optical axis 101 ; the object side S9 is concave at the circumference, and the image side S10 is convex at the circumference.
  • the lens surface has a certain surface shape at the near optical axis, that is, the lens surface has that surface shape near the optical axis 101; when describing that the lens surface has a certain surface shape at the circumference, that is, the lens surface has that surface shape at It has this type of surface near the maximum effective diameter.
  • the lens parameters of the optical zoom system 10 in the first embodiment are shown in Table 1 below.
  • the components from the object side to the image side of the optical zoom system 10 are arranged in order from top to bottom in Table 1, wherein the object side S5 of the third lens L3 is the aperture stop surface.
  • the infrared cut filter 110 can be a part of the optical zoom system 10 or can be removed from the optical zoom system 10 .
  • the Y radius in Table 1 is the radius of curvature of the corresponding surface of the lens at the optical axis 101 .
  • the absolute value of the first value of the lens in the "thickness" parameter column is the thickness of the lens on the optical axis 101
  • the absolute value of the second value is the image side to the rear surface of the lens (the lens object side or the optical axis).
  • the reference wavelength of the focal length (effective focal length) of each lens in the table is 555nm
  • the reference wavelength of the refractive index and Abbe number is 587.56nm
  • the numerical units of Y radius, thickness, and focal length (effective focal length) are millimeters (mm).
  • the parameter data and lens surface structure used in the calculation of relational expressions in the following embodiments are subject to the data in the lens parameter table in the corresponding embodiments.
  • the effective focal length f, the aperture number FNO, the maximum field of view FOV and the total optical length TTL of the optical zoom system 10 are all given three parameter values, in which from left to right respectively represent the system at the short focus end, medium focal length, etc. Parameter values at focal end and telephoto end. It should be noted that after the image sensor is assembled, FOV can be understood as the maximum field of view angle of the optical zoom system 10 corresponding to the diagonal direction of the rectangular effective pixel area of the image sensor.
  • the aperture number FNOd 2.51
  • the maximum field of view FOVd 39.13°
  • the total optical length TTLd 28.36mm.
  • D1 in Table 1 represents the distance on the optical axis from the image side S4 of the second lens L2 to the object side S5 of the third lens L3 on the optical axis, that is, the distance between the first lens group G1 and the second lens group G2 on the optical axis 101 on the distance.
  • D2 represents the distance on the optical axis 101 from the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 to the object side S9 of the fifth lens L5 on the optical axis 101, that is, represents the distance between the second lens group G2 and the third lens group G3 on the optical axis 101 distance.
  • D3 represents the distance on the optical axis 101 from the image side S10 of the fifth lens L5 to the imaging surface S11 , that is, represents the distance on the optical axis 101 between the third lens group G3 and the imaging surface S11 .
  • D1, D2 and D3 in different zoom states please refer to the table below, and the value unit is millimeter (mm):
  • the total optical length TTL of the optical zoom system 10 during the zooming process will change accordingly, and the total optical length TTL is the distance from the object side S1 of the first lens L1 to the imaging surface S11 on the optical axis 101, that is, the first lens L1 The distance between the group G1 and the imaging surface S11 will change during the zooming process.
  • the distance between the first lens group G1 and the second lens group G2 gradually decreases, and the distance between the second lens group G2 and the third lens group G3 The distance decreases gradually, and the distance between the third mirror group G3 and the imaging surface S11 of the optical zoom system 10 gradually increases, but the total optical length TTL of the optical zoom system 10 gradually decreases.
  • Table 2 shows the aspheric coefficients of the corresponding lens surfaces in Table 1, where K is the conic coefficient, and Ai is the coefficient corresponding to the i-th order high-order term in the aspheric surface formula.
  • optical zoom system 10 in the first embodiment also satisfies the following relationships:
  • the optical zoom system 10 when this relationship is satisfied, on the one hand, it is beneficial for the optical zoom system 10 to have a large image surface characteristic to match the image sensor with higher pixels, thereby obtaining a higher quality imaging effect; on the other hand, it can be used in the optical
  • the zoom system 10 When the zoom system 10 is in a state of large viewing angle, it suppresses the degree of deflection of the peripheral field of view light relative to the optical axis when it emerges from the third lens group G3, that is, reduces the incident angle of the peripheral field of view light on the imaging surface S11, thereby effectively improving
  • the relative brightness of the edge imaging area prevents the generation of vignetting, thereby improving the imaging quality.
  • the optical zoom system 10 can have a larger zoom ratio, that is, the zoom range is increased, and the magnification of the system is effectively improved, thereby improving the zoom performance of the optical zoom system 10 .
  • the degree of curvature of the image side of the fifth lens L5 can be reasonably controlled, so that the fifth lens L5 can provide an appropriate refractive power for the optical zoom system 10, and can also provide an edge
  • the incident light in the field of view on the imaging surface S11 provides a reasonable transitional environment and reduces the incident angle of light in the peripheral field of view on the imaging surface S11, thereby helping to improve the relative brightness of the peripheral imaging area.
  • the fifth lens L5 The image side of the S10 has a reasonable and small degree of curvature, which reduces the tolerance sensitivity of this surface.
  • the refractive strength of the fifth lens L5 can be reasonably constrained by the degree of curvature of the object-side S9 surface of the fifth lens L5, on the one hand, it can provide a suitable refractive power for the optical zoom system 10
  • the sagittal height at the maximum effective diameter of the object side S9 of the fifth lens L5 can be controlled within a suitable range, so as to effectively control the edge inclination of the surface, and realize the light passing through the maximum effective diameter of the surface. Make a reasonable deflection to facilitate the realization of a large image surface design.
  • the second lens L2 provides positive refractive power for the first lens group G1, and by controlling the ratio of the above relationship within a reasonable range, it will help the second lens L2 to balance the negative refractive power of the first lens L1 Force, so that the light can obtain a reasonable deflection angle, so that the light emitted from the first mirror group G1 can transition to the second mirror group G2 more smoothly, and it is also beneficial to shorten the total length of the first mirror group G1.
  • f12/f1 1.83; f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, and f12 is the combined focal length of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2.
  • the first lens L1 provides the main negative refractive power for the first lens group G1. When this relationship is satisfied, it can help to avoid the problems of concentrated aberration and sensitivity caused by the excessive refractive power of the first lens L1; on the other hand, The surface design of the first lens L1 is also beneficial to cooperate with the second lens L2, so as to facilitate mechanism arrangement and post-processing assembly.
  • the optical zoom system 10 can still have sufficient light input at the telephoto end, so as to maintain good imaging quality when imaging distant objects.
  • FIG. 4 shows the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the short-focus end
  • FIG. 5 shows that the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the medium-focus end
  • Fig. 6 shows the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the telephoto end.
  • the reference wavelength of the astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram in Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 is 555nm
  • the reference wavelength of the astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram in the following embodiments is also 555nm
  • the ordinate IMGHT represents the image height, and the unit is mm.
  • longitudinal spherical aberration diagrams (Longitudinal Spherical Aberration) of the optical zoom system 10, which represent the deviation of the converging focus of light rays of different wavelengths after passing through the lens.
  • the ordinate of the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram represents the normalized pupil coordinates from the pupil center to the pupil edge (Normalized Pupil Coordinator), and the abscissa represents the distance from the imaging plane to the intersection of the ray and the optical axis (in mm).
  • Figures 4 to 6 also include distortion diagrams (Distortion) of the optical zoom system 10. It can be seen from the figures that the maximum distortion is controlled at ⁇ 3 Within %, the image deformation is effectively suppressed.
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of the optical zoom system 10 at the short-focus end
  • Fig. 8 shows a structural schematic view of the optical zoom system 10 at the mid-focus end
  • Fig. 9 shows the optical zoom system 10 at the mid-focus end. Schematic diagram of the structure of the system 10 at the telephoto end.
  • the optical zoom system 10 sequentially includes from the object side to the image side along the optical axis 101: a first lens group G1 with negative refractive power, wherein the first lens group G1 includes a first lens with negative refractive power L1 and a second lens L2 with positive refractive power; a second lens group G2 with positive refractive power, wherein the second lens group G2 includes a third lens L3 with positive refractive power and a fourth lens L4 with negative refractive power; And a third lens group G3 with negative refractive power, wherein the third lens group G3 includes a fifth lens L5 with negative refractive power.
  • the surface shape of each lens in the optical zoom system 10 is as follows:
  • the object side S1 of the first lens L1 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S2 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S1 is concave at the circumference
  • the image side S2 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S4 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S3 is convex at the circumference
  • the image side S4 is convex at the circumference.
  • the object side S5 of the third lens L3 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S6 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S5 is convex at the circumference
  • the image side S6 is convex at the circumference.
  • the object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S8 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S7 is convex at the circumference
  • the image side S8 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S9 of the fifth lens L5 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S10 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S9 is concave at the circumference
  • the image side S10 is convex at the circumference.
  • lens parameters of the optical zoom system 10 in the second embodiment are given in Table 3 and Table 4, and the definitions of the structures and parameters can be obtained from the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the effective focal length f, the aperture number FNO, the maximum field of view FOV and the total optical length TTL of the optical zoom system 10 are given three parameter values.
  • the parameter value under the terminal is given.
  • optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment satisfies the following relationship:
  • Fig. 10 embodies the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system in this embodiment is at the short-focus end
  • Fig. 11 embodies the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the mid-focus end Spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram
  • FIG. 12 shows the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the telephoto end.
  • the reference wavelength of each astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram is 555nm. It can be seen from Fig. 10 to Fig.
  • the optical zoom system 10 that in the three zoom states of short focal length, medium focal length and long focal length, the longitudinal spherical aberration, curvature of field, astigmatism and distortion of the optical zoom system 10 are well controlled, so the optical The zoom system 10 possesses excellent zoom performance.
  • Fig. 13 shows a schematic structural view of the optical zoom system 10 at the short-focus end
  • Fig. 14 shows a structural schematic view of the optical zoom system 10 at the medium-focus end
  • Fig. 15 shows the optical zoom system 10 at the mid-focus end. Schematic diagram of the structure of the system 10 at the telephoto end.
  • the optical zoom system 10 sequentially includes from the object side to the image side along the optical axis 101: a first lens group G1 with negative refractive power, wherein the first lens group G1 includes a first lens with negative refractive power L1 and a second lens L2 with positive refractive power; a second lens group G2 with positive refractive power, wherein the second lens group G2 includes a third lens L3 with positive refractive power and a fourth lens L4 with negative refractive power; And a third lens group G3 with negative refractive power, wherein the third lens group G3 includes a fifth lens L5 with negative refractive power.
  • the surface shape of each lens in the optical zoom system 10 is as follows:
  • the object side S1 of the first lens L1 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S2 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S1 is concave at the circumference
  • the image side S2 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex at the near optical axis 101, the image side S4 is concave at the near optical axis 101; the object side S3 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S4 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S5 of the third lens L3 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S6 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S5 is convex at the circumference
  • the image side S6 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S8 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S7 is convex at the circumference
  • the image side S8 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S9 of the fifth lens L5 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S10 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S9 is concave at the circumference
  • the image side S10 is convex at the circumference.
  • lens parameters of the optical zoom system 10 in the third embodiment are given in Table 5 and Table 6, and the definitions of the structures and parameters can be obtained from the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the effective focal length f, the aperture number FNO, the maximum field of view FOV and the total optical length TTL of the optical zoom system 10 are given three parameter values.
  • the parameter value under the terminal is given.
  • optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment satisfies the following relationship:
  • Figure 16 shows the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the short-focus end
  • Figure 17 shows the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the medium-focus end Spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram
  • FIG. 18 shows the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the telephoto end.
  • the reference wavelength of each astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram is 555nm. It can be seen from Fig. 16 to Fig.
  • the optical zoom system 10 possesses excellent zoom performance.
  • Fig. 19 shows a schematic structural view of the optical zoom system 10 at the short-focus end
  • Fig. 20 shows a structural schematic view of the optical zoom system 10 at the medium-focus end
  • Fig. 21 shows a schematic view of the optical zoom system 10 at the mid-focus end. Schematic diagram of the structure of the system 10 at the telephoto end.
  • the optical zoom system 10 sequentially includes from the object side to the image side along the optical axis 101: a first lens group G1 with negative refractive power, wherein the first lens group G1 includes a first lens with negative refractive power L1 and a second lens L2 with positive refractive power; a second lens group G2 with positive refractive power, wherein the second lens group G2 includes a third lens L3 with positive refractive power and a fourth lens L4 with negative refractive power; And a third lens group G3 with negative refractive power, wherein the third lens group G3 includes a fifth lens L5 with negative refractive power.
  • the surface shape of each lens in the optical zoom system 10 is as follows:
  • the object side S1 of the first lens L1 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S2 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S1 is concave at the circumference
  • the image side S2 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S3 of the second lens L2 is concave at the near optical axis 101, the image side S4 is convex at the near optical axis 101; the object side S3 is concave at the circumference, and the image side S4 is convex at the circumference.
  • the object side S5 of the third lens L3 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S6 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S5 is convex at the circumference
  • the image side S6 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is concave at the near optical axis 101, the image side S8 is concave at the near optical axis 101; the object side S7 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S8 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S9 of the fifth lens L5 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S10 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S9 is concave at the circumference
  • the image side S10 is convex at the circumference.
  • lens parameters of the optical zoom system 10 in the fourth embodiment are given in Table 7 and Table 8, and the definitions of the structures and parameters can be obtained from the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the effective focal length f, the aperture number FNO, the maximum field of view FOV and the total optical length TTL of the optical zoom system 10 are given three parameter values.
  • the parameter value under the terminal is given.
  • optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment satisfies the following relationship:
  • Fig. 22 embodies the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the short focal length end
  • Fig. 23 embodies the longitudinal longitudinal spherical aberration diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the medium focal length end Spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram
  • FIG. 24 shows the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the telephoto end.
  • the reference wavelength of each astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram is 555nm. It can be seen from Fig. 22 to Fig.
  • the optical zoom system 10 possesses excellent zoom performance.
  • Fig. 25 shows a schematic view of the structure of the optical zoom system 10 at the short-focus end
  • Fig. 26 shows a schematic view of the structure of the optical zoom system 10 at the medium-focus end
  • Fig. 27 shows the structure of the optical zoom system 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the system 10 at the telephoto end.
  • the optical zoom system 10 sequentially includes from the object side to the image side along the optical axis 101: a first lens group G1 with negative refractive power, wherein the first lens group G1 includes a first lens with negative refractive power L1 and a second lens L2 with positive refractive power; a second lens group G2 with positive refractive power, wherein the second lens group G2 includes a third lens L3 with positive refractive power and a fourth lens L4 with negative refractive power; And a third lens group G3 with negative refractive power, wherein the third lens group G3 includes a fifth lens L5 with negative refractive power.
  • the surface shape of each lens in the optical zoom system 10 is as follows:
  • the object side S1 of the first lens L1 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S2 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S1 is concave at the circumference
  • the image side S2 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex at the near optical axis 101, the image side S4 is concave at the near optical axis 101; the object side S3 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S4 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S5 of the third lens L3 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S6 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S5 is convex at the circumference
  • the image side S6 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S8 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S7 is convex at the circumference
  • the image side S8 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S9 of the fifth lens L5 is convex at the near optical axis 101 , and the image side S10 is concave at the near optical axis 101 ; the object side S9 is concave at the circumference, and the image side S10 is concave at the circumference.
  • lens parameters of the optical zoom system 10 in the fifth embodiment are given in Table 9 and Table 10, and the definitions of the structures and parameters can be obtained from the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the effective focal length f, the aperture number FNO, the maximum field of view FOV and the total optical length TTL of the optical zoom system 10 are given three parameter values.
  • the parameter value under the terminal is given.
  • optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment satisfies the following relationship:
  • Fig. 28 embodies the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the short focal length end
  • Fig. 29 embodies the longitudinal longitudinal spherical aberration diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the medium focal length end Spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram
  • FIG. 30 shows the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the telephoto end.
  • the reference wavelength of each astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram is 555nm. It can be seen from Fig. 28 to Fig.
  • the optical zoom system 10 possesses excellent zoom performance.
  • Fig. 31 shows a schematic structural view of the optical zoom system 10 at the short-focus end
  • Fig. 32 shows a structural schematic view of the optical zoom system 10 at the medium-focus end
  • Fig. 33 shows a schematic view of the optical zoom system 10 at the mid-focus end. Schematic diagram of the structure of the system 10 at the telephoto end.
  • the optical zoom system 10 sequentially includes from the object side to the image side along the optical axis 101: a first lens group G1 with negative refractive power, wherein the first lens group G1 includes a first lens with negative refractive power L1 and a second lens L2 with positive refractive power; a second lens group G2 with positive refractive power, wherein the second lens group G2 includes a third lens L3 with positive refractive power and a fourth lens L4 with negative refractive power; And a third lens group G3 with negative refractive power, wherein the third lens group G3 includes a fifth lens L5 with negative refractive power.
  • the surface shape of each lens in the optical zoom system 10 is as follows:
  • the object side S1 of the first lens L1 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S2 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S1 is concave at the circumference
  • the image side S2 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex at the near optical axis 101, the image side S4 is concave at the near optical axis 101; the object side S3 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S4 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S5 of the third lens L3 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S6 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S5 is concave at the circumference
  • the image side S6 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is concave at the near optical axis 101
  • the image side S8 is convex at the near optical axis 101
  • the object side S7 is convex at the circumference
  • the image side S8 is concave at the circumference.
  • the object side S9 of the fifth lens L5 is convex at the near optical axis 101 , and the image side S10 is concave at the near optical axis 101 ; the object side S9 is concave at the circumference, and the image side S10 is convex at the circumference.
  • lens parameters of the optical zoom system 10 in the sixth embodiment are given in Table 11 and Table 12, and the definitions of the structures and parameters can be obtained from the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the effective focal length f, the aperture number FNO, the maximum field of view FOV and the total optical length TTL of the optical zoom system 10 are given three parameter values.
  • the parameter value under the terminal is given.
  • optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment satisfies the following relationship:
  • Fig. 34 embodies the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the short focal length end
  • Fig. 35 embodies the longitudinal longitudinal spherical aberration diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the medium focal length end Spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram
  • FIG. 36 shows the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram when the optical zoom system 10 in this embodiment is at the telephoto end.
  • the reference wavelength of each astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram is 555nm. It can be seen from Fig. 34 to Fig.
  • the zoom module 20 may include the optical zoom system 10, an image sensor 210, and a driver (not shown) in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the image The sensor 210 is arranged on the image side of the optical zoom system 10, that is, on the light-emitting side of the third mirror group G3, and the driver is used to drive at least two of the first mirror group G1, the second mirror group G2 and the third mirror group G3. or move relative to the image sensor 210.
  • the image sensor 210 may be a CCD (Charge Coupled Device, charge coupled device) or a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, complementary metal oxide semiconductor).
  • the imaging surface S13 of the optical zoom system 10 overlaps with the photosensitive surface of the image sensor 210 .
  • the driving part can be a conventional voice coil motor structure or a gear drive structure, and the specific setting can be determined according to actual needs, and will not be repeated here.
  • the electronic device 30 includes the above-mentioned zoom module 20 and a fixing part 310.
  • the zoom module 20 is installed on the fixing part 310.
  • the fixing part 310 can be a display screen, a circuit board, a middle frame, a back cover and other components.
  • the electronic device 30 may be, but not limited to, a smart phone, a smart watch, smart glasses, a tablet computer, an e-book reader, a vehicle-mounted camera device, a monitoring device, a drone, a medical device (such as an endoscope), a biometric device (such as Fingerprint recognition equipment, pupil recognition equipment, face recognition equipment, etc.), PDA (Personal Digital Assistant, personal digital assistant), etc.
  • a smart phone such as a smart watch, smart glasses, a tablet computer, an e-book reader, a vehicle-mounted camera device, a monitoring device, a drone, a medical device (such as an endoscope), a biometric device (such as Fingerprint recognition equipment, pupil recognition equipment, face recognition equipment, etc.), PDA (Personal Digital Assistant, personal digital assistant), etc.
  • a medical device such as an endoscope
  • a biometric device such as Fingerprint recognition equipment, pupil recognition equipment, face recognition equipment, etc.
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • the "electronic device” used in the embodiment of the present invention may include, but is not limited to, configured to be connected via a wired line (such as via a public switched telephone network (PSTN), digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL), digital cable, direct cable connection, and/or another data connection/network) and/or via (for example, for cellular networks, wireless local area networks (WLAN), such as handheld digital video broadcasting (digital video broadcasting handheld (DVB-H) network digital TV network, satellite network, amplitude modulation-frequency modulation (amplitude modulation-frequency modulation, AM-FM) broadcast transmitter, and/or another communication terminal) wireless interface to receive/send communication signals device of.
  • a wired line such as via a public switched telephone network (PSTN), digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL), digital cable, direct cable connection, and/or another data connection/network
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • handheld digital video broadcasting digital video broadcasting handheld (DVB-H) network digital TV network
  • wireless communication terminals Electronic devices arranged to communicate over a wireless interface may be referred to as “wireless communication terminals", “wireless terminals” and/or “mobile terminals”.
  • mobile terminals include, but are not limited to, satellite or cellular telephones; personal communication system (PCS) terminals that may combine cellular radiotelephones with data processing, facsimile, and data communication capabilities; may include radiotelephones, pagers, Internet/ Personal digital assistants (PDAs) with intranet access, Web browsers, organizers, calendars, and/or global positioning system (GPS) receivers; and conventional laptops and/or palmtops receiver or other electronic equipment including a radiotelephone transceiver.
  • PCS personal communication system
  • PDAs Internet/ Personal digital assistants
  • GPS global positioning system
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features.
  • the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.

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Abstract

一种光学变焦系统(10)，包括：第一镜组(G1)，包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜(L1)和具有正屈折力的第二透镜(L2)，第一透镜(L1)的物侧面(S1)和像侧面(S2)于近光轴(101)处均为凹面；第二镜组(G2)，包括具有正屈折力的第三透镜(L3)和具有负屈折力的第四透镜(L4)，第三透镜(L3)的物侧面(S5)和像侧面(S6)于近光轴(101)处均为凸面，第四透镜(L4)的物侧面(S7)于近光轴(101)处为凹面；第三镜组(G3)，包括具有负屈折力的第五透镜(L5)，其像侧面(S10)于近光轴(101)处为凹面；第二镜组(G2)和第三镜组(G3)中的至少一者能够相对第一镜组(G1)移动。

Description

光学变焦系统、变焦模组及电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及摄影成像技术领域，特别是涉及一种光学变焦系统、变焦模组及电子设备。
背景技术
目前市面上存在的大部分拥有变焦拍摄功能的手机并不能实现真正意义上的光学连续变焦，而是通过主摄、广角、长焦等多种镜头配合形成的接力式变焦。具体地，为了方便拍摄不同物距、景深或视场范围的景物，电子设备上会搭载若干对应不同物距、景深等拍摄特性的定焦镜头，例如同时搭载长焦镜头、广角镜头、高清镜头等，在切换拍摄场景时，通过在不同定焦镜头所捕获的成像之间进行相应切换以实现变焦效果，从而实现对不同拍摄场景的清晰拍摄。但这种设计毫无疑问会导致设备的制备成本过高，且会占据过多的设备内部空间。因此，目前业界也开始探索将变焦功能集成于同一模组的设计。
但对于将变焦功能集成于同一模组的设计而言，由于往往需要考虑较多设计因素，从而传统的变焦模组难以在像差、相对亮度、变焦比、大像面、制备成本之间取得较为优良的平衡，导致传统变焦模组的变焦性能尚不足以满足业界的期待。因此，如何合理配置变焦模组以获得更佳的变焦特性和成像品质成为业界欲解决的核心问题之一。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种光学变焦系统、变焦模组及电子设备。
一种光学变焦系统，沿光轴由物侧至像侧依次包括：
第一镜组，包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜和具有正屈折力的第二透镜，所述第一透镜的物侧面和像侧面于近光轴处均为凹面；
第二镜组，包括具有正屈折力的第三透镜和具有负屈折力的第四透镜，所述第三透镜的物侧面和像侧面于近光轴处均为凸面，所述第四透镜的物侧面于近光轴处为凹面；
第三镜组，包括具有负屈折力的第五透镜，所述第五透镜的像侧面于近光轴处为凹面，所述第五透镜的物侧面和像侧面均为非球面，且其中至少一者存在反曲；
所述第二镜组和所述第三镜组中的至少一者能够相对所述第一镜组移动，以改变所述光学变焦系统的有效焦距。
一种变焦模组，包括驱动件、图像传感器及上述任意一实施例所述的光学变焦系统，所述图像传感器设于所述第三镜组的出光侧，所述驱动件用于驱动所述第一镜组、所述第二镜组和所述第三镜组中的至少两者相对所述图像传感器移动。
一种电子设备，包括固定件及上述的变焦模组，所述变焦模组设于所述固定件。
本发明的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些发明的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的发明、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的这些发明的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1为本申请第一实施例中光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的结构示意图；
图2为本申请第一实施例中光学变焦系统处于中焦端时的结构示意图；
图3为本申请第一实施例中光学变焦系统处于长焦端时的结构示意图；
图4包括本申请第一实施例中光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图5包括本申请第一实施例中光学变焦系统处于中焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图6包括本申请第一实施例中光学变焦系统处于长焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图7为本申请第二实施例中光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的结构示意图；
图8为本申请第二实施例中光学变焦系统处于中焦端时的结构示意图；
图9为本申请第二实施例中光学变焦系统处于长焦端时的结构示意图；
图10包括本申请第二实施例中光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图11包括本申请第二实施例中光学变焦系统处于中焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图12包括本申请第二实施例中光学变焦系统处于长焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图13为本申请第三实施例中光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的结构示意图；
图14为本申请第三实施例中光学变焦系统处于中焦端时的结构示意图；
图15为本申请第三实施例中光学变焦系统处于长焦端时的结构示意图；
图16包括本申请第三实施例中光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图17包括本申请第三实施例中光学变焦系统处于中焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图18包括本申请第三实施例中光学变焦系统处于长焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图19为本申请第四实施例中光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的结构示意图；
图20为本申请第四实施例中光学变焦系统处于中焦端时的结构示意图；
图21为本申请第四实施例中光学变焦系统处于长焦端时的结构示意图；
图22包括本申请第四实施例中光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图23包括本申请第四实施例中光学变焦系统处于中焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图24包括本申请第四实施例中光学变焦系统处于长焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图25为本申请第五实施例中光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的结构示意图；
图26为本申请第五实施例中光学变焦系统处于中焦端时的结构示意图；
图27为本申请第五实施例中光学变焦系统处于长焦端时的结构示意图；
图28包括本申请第五实施例中光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图29包括本申请第五实施例中光学变焦系统处于中焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图30包括本申请第五实施例中光学变焦系统处于长焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图31为本申请第六实施例中光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的结构示意图；
图32为本申请第六实施例中光学变焦系统处于中焦端时的结构示意图；
图33为本申请第六实施例中光学变焦系统处于长焦端时的结构示意图；
图34包括本申请第六实施例中光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图35包括本申请第六实施例中光学变焦系统处于中焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图36包括本申请第六实施例中光学变焦系统处于长焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图；
图37为本申请一实施例提供的变焦模组的结构示意图；
图38为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施方式。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施方式。相反地，提供这些实施方式的目的是使对本发明的公开内容理解的更加透彻全面。
参考图1，本申请的实施了提供了一种五片式光学变焦系统10，光学变焦系统10沿光轴101依次包括：第一镜组G1，第一镜组G1包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1和具有正屈折力的第二透镜L2；第二镜组G2，第二镜组G2包括具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3和具有负屈折力的第四透镜L4；及第三镜组G3，第三镜组G3包括具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。光学变焦系统10中各透镜同轴设置，即各透镜的光轴处于同一直线上，该直线也可称为光学变焦系统10的光轴101。其中，
第二镜组G2和第三镜组G3中的至少一者能够相对第一镜组G1移动，从而改变光学变焦系统10 的有效焦距，实现光学连续变焦。每一镜组中的透镜可装配于一支架中。在变焦过程中，任一镜组中的各透镜同步移动，具体可通过设置如音圈马达等驱动件以作用至少两组镜组的支架以使相应镜组沿光轴101移动。
另外，第一透镜L1具有物侧面S1和像侧面S2，第二透镜L2具有物侧面S3和像侧面S4，第三透镜L3具有物侧面S5和像侧面S6，第四透镜L4具有物侧面S7和像侧面S8，第五透镜L5具有物侧面S9及像侧面S10。光学变焦系统10存在一虚拟的成像面S11，成像面S11位于第三镜组G3的出光侧，物平面上的点光源所发出的光线在经相应状态下的各镜组调节后能够会聚于成像面S11。一般地，光学变焦系统10的成像面S11与图像传感器的感光表面重合。
在本申请的光学变焦系统10中，第一透镜L1的物侧面S1和像侧面S2于近光轴处均为凹面；第三透镜L3的物侧面S5和像侧面S6于近光轴处均为凸面；第四透镜L4的物侧面S7于近光轴处为凹面；第五透镜L5的像侧面S10于近光轴处为凹面，且第五透镜L5的物侧面S9和像侧面S10均为非球面，其中至少一者还存在反曲。
上述光学变焦系统10中，作为最靠近系统物侧的第一透镜L1通过上述屈折力和面型设计以配合其他透镜，可以使光学变焦系统10拥有合适的入光口径，有利于光学变焦系统10在不同焦端下依然拥有足够的进光量。特别地，第二透镜L2的正屈折力设计可校正第一透镜L1产生的球面像差，同时对来自第一透镜L1的光线实现调节，防止入射光线在经过第一镜组G1时发生过大偏折，从而使经过第一镜组G1的光线能够向第二镜组G2合理过渡，特别是对于变焦系统而言，可有效防止切换焦端时由于第一镜组G1与第二镜组G2之间的光线偏折不合理而产生过大的成像清晰度差异。通过上述第三透镜L3的屈折力及面型设计，一方面可及时会聚来自第一镜组G1的光线，有利于缩短系统总长；另一方面也能够增大光学变焦系统10于长焦端时的长焦特性，有利于增大光学变焦系统10的变焦比，使系统拥有更佳的变焦性能。进一步地，第二镜组G2中的第四透镜L4的上述屈折力及面型设计可利于校正物方透镜产生的像差，与物方透镜相反的屈折力设置也有利于光线获得合理的偏转，以向第三镜组G3合理过渡。第五透镜L5的屈折力、面型及反曲设计能够使边缘视场的光线在经过时拥有合理的偏转，以提高边缘视场所对应的成像区域的相对亮度，同时也有利于光学变焦系统10拥有大像面特性以匹配更高像素的图像传感器，进而提高成像品质。通过以上设计，光学变焦系统10在像差校正、提高相对亮度、提高变焦比、实现大像面、降低制备成本等方面均实现良好的兼顾，即通过五片透镜设计便拥有优良的变焦性能。
在变焦操作下，光学变焦系统10能够在至少两种状态之间切换，例如在短焦端和长焦端之间切换；或者在至少三种状态之间切换，例如在短焦端、中焦端和长焦端之间切换。当光学变焦系统10处于短焦端时，光学变焦系统10将拥有变焦过程中最短的有效焦距；当光学变焦系统10处于长焦端时，光学变焦系统10将拥有变焦过程中最长的有效焦距。光学变焦系统10处于中焦端时的有效焦距大小将介于最长有效焦距与最短有效焦距之间，但并不意味着只能是两者的中间值。且应注意的是，一些实施例中的光学变焦系统10并不限于在短焦端、中焦端和长焦端三者之间切换，光学变焦系统10也可以切换至短焦端与长焦端两者之间的任一状态，以拥有介于最长有效焦距与最短有效焦距之间的任一有效焦距，从而对应不同的拍摄场景需求。
具体地，在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10由短焦端切换至长焦端的变焦过程中，第一镜组G1与第二镜组G2之间的距离减小，第二镜组G2与第三镜组G3之间的距离减小或增大，第三镜组G3与光学变焦系统10的成像面S11之间的距离增大。在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10的光学总长可固定，此时第一镜组G1相较光学变焦系统10的成像面S11而言保持固定，也可理解为在光学变焦系统10与图像传感器装配成变焦模组后的变焦过程中，第一镜组G1相对图像传感器保持不动，此时第二镜组G2和第三镜组G3可分别相对第一镜组G1发生沿光轴方向的移动以实现光学变焦。在另一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10的光学总长也可随变焦调节而发生改变，也可理解为在装配成变焦模组后的变焦过程中，第一镜组G1、第二镜组G2及第三镜组G3均能够相对图像传感器发生沿光轴方向的移动。
此外，在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10还满足以下至少一个关系，且当具有上述五片式结构的光学变焦系统10满足以下任一关系式时，均能带来相应的效果：
(ctg1+ctg2+ctg3)/ttld＜0.24；ctg1为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至第二透镜L2的像侧面S4于光轴101上的距离，ctg2为第三透镜L3的物侧面S5至第四透镜L4的像侧面S8于光轴101上的距离，ctg3为第五透镜L5于光轴101上的厚度，ttld为光学变焦系统10于短焦端时第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至成像面S11于光轴101上的距离。满足该关系时，各镜组的轴向尺寸之和能够得到有效约束，光学变焦系统10的光学总长得到了有效压缩，从而有利于实现光学变焦系统10的小型化设计。当高于关系式上限时，光学变焦系统10的轴向长度过大，难以实现小型化设计。在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10所满足的该关系具体可以为0.2、0.205、0.21、0.214、0.218、0.226、0.23、0.233或0.237。
3.5＜IMGH/FFLd＜7.0；IMGH为光学变焦系统10的最大成像圆半径，FFLd为光学变焦系统10于短焦端时第五透镜L5的像侧面S10至成像面S11于光轴方向上的最短距离。满足该关系时，一方面有利于光学变焦系统10拥有大像面特性以匹配更高像素的图像传感器，从而获得更高质量的成像效果；另一方面，又可以在光学变焦系统10处于大视角状态下，抑制边缘视场光线从第三镜组G3出射时相对光轴的偏折程度，即减小边缘视场光线于成像面S11上的入射角，从而可有效提高边缘成像区域的相对亮度，防止暗角的产生，进而提升成像质量。在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10所满足的该关系具体可以为3.7、3.86、4.1、4.37、4.9、5.28、5.74、6.2、6.55或6.74。
cj/dj＞1.53；cj为光学变焦系统10于长焦端时的有效焦距，dj为光学变焦系统10于短焦端时的有效焦距。满足该关系时，可使光学变焦系统10拥有较大的变焦比，即变焦范围得到增大，系统的放大倍数得到有效提升，进而提升光学变焦系统10的变焦性能。在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10所满足的该关系具体可以为1.56、1.58、1.62、1.65、1.67或1.7。
15＜|R52/sag52|＜250；R52为第五透镜L5的像侧面S10于光轴101处的曲率半径，sag52为光学变焦系统10于短焦端时第五透镜L5的像侧面S10于最大有效径处的矢高。满足该关系时，第五透镜L5的像侧面的弯曲程度能够得到合理控制，以使第五透镜L5为光学变焦系统10提供合适的屈折力，另外还可为边缘视场光线入射成像面S11提供合理的过渡环境，降低边缘视场光线于成像面S11上的入射角，从而有利于提高边缘成像区域的相对亮度，满足该关系的同时还可减小第五透镜L5的像侧面S10的弯曲程度，从而降低该面的公差敏感度。当低于关系式的下限时，第五透镜L5的像侧面S10的有效径处矢高过大，易使得面型过于陡峭复杂，增加透镜的成型和加工难度。当高于关系式上限时，第五透镜L5的像侧面过于平缓，不足以提供足够的光线偏折力，使得第五透镜L5的像侧面S10难以对入射光线相对光轴的偏转程度实现合理抑制，易导致成像面S11上的光线的入射角增大，降低成像质量。在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10所满足的该关系具体可以为18、20、26、30、35、47、60、86、105、110、210或240。当光学变焦系统10进一步满足16.42≤|R52/sag52|≤55.41时，上述效果将更为显著。
7＜|f4|/et4d＜13；f4为第四透镜L4的有效焦距，et4d为光学变焦系统10于短焦端时第四透镜L4的物侧面S7最大有效径处至像侧面S8最大有效径处于光轴方向距离。满足该关系时，第四透镜L4的屈折力能够被合理约束，有利于减小第二镜组总长，第四透镜L4的中心厚度与边缘厚度之间可得到合适地控制，有利于降低透镜的加工成型难度以及提升组装过程中的稳定性。当低于关系式下限时，第四透镜L4为第二镜组G2提供的负屈折力过大，不利于校正像差和保证足够的解析力，且由于第四透镜L4的像方只剩一片透镜，因此会增大最后一片透镜的负担，容易使系统中最后一片透镜难以对剩余像差实现有效校正，进而导致成像质量降低。当高于关系的上限时，第四透镜L4为第二镜组G2贡献的负屈折力不足，不足以偏折光线至合适的角度射入第三镜组，不利于实现系统的长焦和高变焦比特性。在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10所满足的该关系具体可以为7.8、8.0、8.3、8.7、9.9、10.5、11.8、12.5或12.7。
10＜f5/sag51＜50；f5为第五透镜L5的有效焦距，sag51为光学变焦系统10于短焦端时第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于最大有效径处的矢高。满足该关系时，可通过第五透镜L5的物侧面S9面型的弯曲程度来合理约束第五透镜L5的屈折力强度，一方面可为光学变焦系统10提供合适的屈折力；另一方面，可将第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于最大有效径处的矢高控制在在适宜范围内，以有效控制该面的边缘倾角，实现对经过该面最大有效径处的光线进行合理的偏折，以有利于实现大像面设计。当高于 关系式上限时，第五透镜L5物侧面S9边缘倾角过小，不足以对边缘光线提供足够的偏转力度，使得光线于成像面S11上的入射角过大，易导致边缘成像区域的亮度不够而形成暗角。当低于关系式下限时，第五透镜L5的物侧面S9边缘倾角过大，该面面型过于弯曲，一方面容易增大边缘视场的场曲、像散和畸变等像差，另外还会减小光学变焦系统10的可伸缩空间，不利于伸缩变换前的小型化，同时也不利于第五透镜L5的加工成型和组装。在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10所满足的该关系具体可以为16、16.3、16.8、17.3、17.5、24、29、32、40、44.5或47。
1＜f2/|f12|＜5；f2为第二透镜L2的有效焦距，f12为第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2的组合焦距。第二透镜L2为第一镜组提供正屈折力，通过控制上述关系比值在合理的范围内，将有助于第二透镜L2平衡第一透镜L1的负屈折力，使光线获得合理的偏转角，从而能够使由第一镜组G1出射的光线更平缓地过渡至第二镜组G2，另外还有利于缩短第一镜组G1的总长。当低于关系式的下限时，第二透镜L2提供的正屈折力过大，不利于像差校正。当高于关系式的上限时，又会导致第二透镜L2提供的屈折力过小，透镜整体过于平缓，不利于对来自第一透镜L1的光线实现合理偏折，不利于缩短第一镜组G1的总长。在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10所满足的该关系具体可以为1.3、1.5、1.7、2.0、2.5、2.9、3.1、3.7、4、4.2或4.4。
0.9mm -1＜(n4-n5)*10/ct45c＜1.2mm -1；n4为第四透镜L4于d光下的折射率，n5为第五透镜L5于d光下的折射率，ct45c为光学变焦系统10于长焦端时第四透镜L4的像侧面S8至第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于光轴101上的距离。满足该关系时，一方面将有利于使光学变焦系统10在长焦端时拥有更显著长焦特性，从而可提高变焦比；另一方面还可减小系统的色差与球差，提升成像品质。在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10所满足的该关系具体可以为0.96、1、1.03、1.06、1.08或1.1，数值单位为mm -1。
1＜f12/f1＜2；f1为第一透镜L1的有效焦距，f12为第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2的组合焦距。第一透镜L1为第一镜组G1提供主要的负屈折力，满足该关系时，可有利于避免第一透镜L1的屈折力过大而引起像差集中和灵敏度集中的问题；另一方面，第一透镜L1的面型设计也有利于与第二透镜L2配合，以便于机构排布以及后期加工组装。在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10所满足的该关系具体可以为1.3、1.32、1.37、1.48、1.56、1.65、1.74或1.8。
1.0mm＜sd31c/FNOc＜1.3mm；sd31c为光学变焦系统10于长焦端时第三透镜L3的物侧面S5的最大有效半口径，FNOc为光学变焦系统10于长焦端时的光圈数。满足该关系时，光学变焦系统10在长焦端时依然能够拥有足够的进光量，从而在对远处物体成像时保持良好的成像质量。在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10所满足的该关系具体可以为1.08、1.1、1.12、1.15、1.18、1.2或1.22，数值单位为mm。
应注意的是，IMGH也可理解为光学变焦系统10分别于各焦端下的最大视场角所对应的像高，光学变焦系统10在变焦过程中的像高IMGH不变。当装配图像传感器后，Imgh也可理解为图像传感器的矩形有效像素区域的对角线长度的一半。另外，当描述某个透镜表面于最大有效径处的矢高时，也可理解为该表面与光轴101的交点至该面最大有效径处于平行光轴101方向的距离，透镜表面的最大有效径也可称为该面的最大有效通光口径或最大有效通光孔径。透镜表面的最大有效径取决于有效光线在经过该面时的最大通光区域的尺寸，因此在不同焦端时，同一透镜表面的最大有效径的大小可能不同。当某一透镜表面最大有效径处的矢高数值(如sag51、sag52)为正数时，即表示该面的最大有效径处相较该面与光轴101相交处更靠近物侧；当矢高数值为负数时，即表示该面的最大有效径处相较该面与光轴101相交处更靠近像侧。
以上各关系式条件所涉及的有效焦距、组合焦距的数值参考波长为555nm，有效焦距及组合焦距至少是指相应透镜或镜组于近光轴101处的数值，透镜的屈折力至少是指于近光轴101处的情况，各关系式条件所涉及阿贝数、折射率的参考波长均为d光波长(587.56nm)。且以上各关系式条件及其所带来的技术效果针对的是拥有上述透镜设计的光学变焦系统10。在无法确保拥有上述光学变焦系统10的透镜设计(镜组数量、各镜组中的透镜数量、镜组的屈折力配置等)时，将难以确保光学变焦系统10在满足这些关系式时依然能够拥有相应的技术效果，甚至可能会导致摄像性能发生显著下降。
光学变焦系统10还包括孔径光阑，孔径光阑用于控制光学变焦系统的入光量及景深，同时也能阻挡非有效光线以抑制像差。在一些实施例中，可在任一透镜表面上设置遮光膜或者通过夹持件以形成孔径光阑。特别地，在上述光学变焦系统10中，使第二镜组L2的第一片透镜的入光面(即第三透镜L3的物侧面S5)作为孔径光阑面，可有效配合拥有光学变焦系统10的上述设计，使得光学变焦系统10在切换至不同变焦状态时依然能够合理地拦截非有效光线以有效抑制像差，同时也有利于获得合理的入光量。
在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10的至少一个透镜具有非球面面型，当透镜的至少一侧表面(物侧面或像侧面)为非球面时，即可称该透镜具有非球面面型。在一个实施例中，可以将各透镜的物侧面及像侧面均设计为非球面。非球面设计能够帮助光学变焦系统10更为有效地消除像差，改善成像品质。在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10的至少一个透镜可具有球面面型，球面面型的设计可降低透镜的制备难度，降低制备成本。在一些实施例中，为了兼顾制备成本、制备难度、成像品质、组装难度等，光学变焦系统10中的各透镜表面的设计可由非球面及球面面型搭配而成。应注意的是，当某个透镜的物侧面或像侧面为非球面时，该面可以存在反曲结构，此时该面由中心至边缘的面型种类将发生改变
非球面的面型计算可参考非球面公式：
Figure PCTCN2021093004-appb-000001
其中，Z为非球面上相应点到该面于光轴处的切平面的距离，r为非球面上相应点到光轴的距离，c为非球面于光轴处的曲率，k为圆锥系数，Ai为非球面面型公式中与第i阶高次项对应的高次项系数。
在一些实施例中，第一透镜L1至第五透镜L5中至少一者的材质为塑料(PC)，塑料材质可以为聚碳酸酯、树胶等。塑料材质的透镜能够减小光学变焦系统10的重量并降低制备成本，且由于塑料透镜的重量得到减小，从而也可相应减小变焦驱动结构(如音圈马达)的动力负担。在一些实施例中，第一透镜L1至第五透镜L5中至少一者的材质为玻璃(GL)，玻璃材质的透镜能够耐受较高的温度且具有优良及稳定的光学性能。光学变焦系统10中不同透镜的材质之间可以由玻璃及塑料相互搭配而成，从而使系统中的部分透镜为玻璃透镜，部分透镜为塑料透镜，以此平衡光学变焦系统10的制备成本及光学性能。例如在一个实施例中，第一镜组G1中的透镜的材质均为玻璃，第二镜组G2和第三镜组G3中的透镜的材质均为塑料。
为实现变焦功能，在一些实施例中，光学变焦系统10包括驱动件，第一镜组G1、第二镜组G2和第三镜组G3中的至少两者与驱动件连接并被驱动件所作用，驱动件用于驱动镜组沿系统的光轴方向移动以使镜组之间的距离发生变化，即发生相对位移，进而调节系统的焦距。驱动件可以有多个，每个驱动件对应一个位置可调的镜组。驱动件可以为常规的音圈马达结构或齿轮驱动结构，具体设置可根据实际需求确定，此处不加以赘述。
以下通过更具体的实施例以对本申请的光学变焦系统10进行说明：
第一实施例
参考图1、图2和图3，图1体现了光学变焦系统10于短焦端时的结构示意图，图2体现了光学变焦系统10于中焦端时的结构示意图，图3体现了光学变焦系统10于长焦端时的结构示意图。应注意的是，图1至图3给出了系统在变焦过程中各镜组之间的相对移动关系，但并不意味各系统只能在这三个状态之间调节，对于以下各实施例也是如此。
在第一实施例中，光学变焦系统10沿光轴101由物侧至像侧依次包括：具有负屈折力的第一镜组G1，其中第一镜组G1包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1和具有正屈折力的第二透镜L2；具有正屈折力的第二镜组G2，其中第二镜组G2包括具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、具有负屈折力的第四透镜L4；以及具有负屈折力的第三镜组G3，其中第三镜组G3包括具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。拥有上述设计的光学变焦系统10能够在像差校正、提高相对亮度、提高变焦比、实现大像面、降低制备成本等方面均实现良好的兼顾，即通过五片透镜设计便拥有优良的变焦性能。光学变焦系统10各透镜的面型如下：
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S2于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S1于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S2于圆周处为凹面。
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S4于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S3于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S4于圆周处为凹面。
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S6于近光轴101处为凸面；物侧面S5于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S6于圆周处为凹面。
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S8于近光轴101处为凸面；物侧面S7于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S8于圆周处为凹面。
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S10于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S9于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S10于圆周处为凸面。
当描述透镜表面于近光轴处具有某种面型时，即该透镜表面于光轴101附近具有该种面型；当描述透镜表面于圆周处具有某种面型时，即该透镜表面于靠近最大有效径附近具有该种面型。
第一实施例中光学变焦系统10的各透镜参数由以下表1所展现。由光学变焦系统10的物侧至像侧的各元件依次按照表1从上至下的顺序排列，其中第三透镜L3的物侧面S5为孔径光阑面。红外截止滤光片110可以为光学变焦系统10的一部分，也可从光学变焦系统10中去除。表1中Y半径为透镜相应表面于光轴101处的曲率半径。透镜于“厚度”参数列中的第一个数值的绝对值为该透镜于光轴101上的厚度，第二个数值的绝对值为该透镜的像侧面至后一表面(透镜物侧面或光阑面)于光轴101上的距离，其中光阑的厚度参数表示光阑面至像方相邻透镜的物侧面于光轴101上的距离。表格中各透镜的焦距(有效焦距)的参考波长为555nm，折射率和阿贝数的参考波长为587.56nm，且Y半径、厚度、焦距(有效焦距)的数值单位均为毫米(mm)。另外，以下各实施例中用于关系式计算的参数数据和透镜面型结构以相应实施例中的透镜参数表格中的数据为准。
表1
Figure PCTCN2021093004-appb-000002
由表1可知，光学变焦系统10的有效焦距f、光圈数FNO、最大视场角FOV及光学总长TTL均给出了三个参数值，其中由左至右分别表示系统在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端下的参数值。应注意的是，当装配图像传感器后，FOV可理解为图像传感器的矩形有效像素区域对角线方向对应的光学变焦系统10的最大视场角。
根据表1的参数值可得出：在短焦端时，光学变焦系统10的有效焦距fd＝11.73mm，光圈数 FNOd＝2.51，最大视场角FOVd＝39.13°，光学总长TTLd＝28.36mm。
在中焦端时，光学变焦系统10的有效焦距fz＝15.07mm，光圈数FNOz＝2.76，最大视场角FOVz＝30.05°，光学总长TTLz＝23.89mm。
在长焦端时，光学变焦系统10的有效焦距fc＝18.04mm，光圈数FNOc＝2.95，最大视场角FOVc＝25.04°，光学总长TTLc＝21.56mm。
表1中的D1代表第二透镜L2的像侧面S4至第三透镜L3的物侧面S5于光轴上的距离，也即代表了第一镜组G1与第二镜组G2之间于光轴101上的距离。D2代表第四透镜L4的像侧面S8至第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于光轴101上的距离，也即代表了第二镜组G2与第三镜组G3之间于光轴101上的距离。D3代表第五透镜L5的像侧面S10至成像面S11于光轴101上的距离，也即代表了第三镜组G3与成像面S11之间于光轴101上的距离。D1、D2及D3在不同变焦状态下的数值可参考下表，数值单位为毫米(mm)：
  D1(mm) D2(mm) D3(mm)
短焦端 9.006 11.366 0.912
中焦端 3.537 11.214 2.066
长焦端 0.299 11.172 3.019
在该实施例中，光学变焦系统10在变焦过程中的光学总长TTL会相应变化，光学总长TTL为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至成像面S11于光轴101上的距离，即第一镜组G1在变焦过程中相较成像面S11的距离会发生改变。光学变焦系统10由短焦端切换至长焦端的变焦过程中，第一镜组G1与第二镜组G2之间的距离逐渐减小，第二镜组G2至第三镜组G3之间的距离逐渐减小，第三镜组G3与光学变焦系统10的成像面S11之间的距离逐渐增大，但光学变焦系统10的光学总长TTL逐渐减小。
另外，以下表2展现了表1中相应透镜表面的非球面系数，其中K为圆锥系数，Ai为非球面面型公式中与第i阶高次项相对应的系数。
表2
面序号 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10
K -3.922E-01 -3.363E+00 -2.715E+00 8.753E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A4 3.207E-04 -2.870E-03 -2.797E-03 3.144E-04 -8.108E-03 -8.950E-03
A6 -5.257E-06 5.095E-04 5.065E-04 7.769E-05 2.261E-04 3.757E-04
A8 1.217E-06 -2.772E-05 -2.934E-05 -5.072E-06 -6.422E-07 -1.430E-05
A10 5.620E-08 5.137E-07 6.280E-07 3.122E-07 -6.016E-07 2.063E-07
A12 -4.600E-09 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 -5.000E-09 2.230E-08 0.000E+00
A14 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A16 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A18 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A20 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
此外，第一实施例中的光学变焦系统10还满足以下各关系：
(ctg1+ctg2+ctg3)/ttld＝0.24；满足该关系时，各镜组的轴向尺寸之和能够得到有效约束，光学变焦系统10的光学总长得到了有效压缩，从而有利于实现光学变焦系统10的小型化设计。
IMGH/FFLd＝5.174；满足该关系时，一方面有利于光学变焦系统10拥有大像面特性以匹配更高像素的图像传感器，从而获得更高质量的成像效果；另一方面，又可以在光学变焦系统10处于大视角状态下，抑制边缘视场光线从第三镜组G3出射时相对光轴的偏折程度，即减小边缘视场光线于成像面S11上的入射角，从而可有效提高边缘成像区域的相对亮度，防止暗角的产生，进而提升成像质量。
cj/dj＝1.54；满足该关系时，可使光学变焦系统10拥有较大的变焦比，即变焦范围得到增大，系统的放大倍数得到有效提升，进而提升光学变焦系统10的变焦性能。
|R52/sag52|＝16.42；满足该关系时，第五透镜L5的像侧面的弯曲程度能够得到合理控制，以使第五透镜L5为光学变焦系统10提供合适的屈折力，另外还可为边缘视场光线入射成像面S11提供合 理的过渡环境，降低边缘视场光线于成像面S11上的入射角，从而有利于提高边缘成像区域的相对亮度，满足该关系的同时还可使第五透镜L5的像侧面S10拥有合理且较小的弯曲程度，从而可降低该面的公差敏感度。
|f4|/et4d＝7.64；满足该关系时，有利于减小第二镜组G2总长，第四透镜L4的中心厚度与边缘厚度之间可得到合适地控制，有利于降低透镜的加工成型难度以及提升组装过程中的稳定性。当低于关系式下限时，第四透镜L4为第二镜组G2提供的负屈折力过大，不利于校正像差和保证足够的解析力，且由于第四透镜L4的像方只剩一片透镜，因此会增大最后一片透镜的负担，容易使系统中最后一片透镜难以对剩余像差实现有效校正，进而导致成像质量降低。
f5/sag51＝48.9；满足该关系时，可通过第五透镜L5的物侧面S9面型的弯曲程度来合理约束第五透镜L5的屈折力强度，一方面可为光学变焦系统10提供合适的屈折力；另一方面，可将第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于最大有效径处的矢高控制在在适宜范围内，以有效控制该面的边缘倾角，实现对经过该面最大有效径处的光线进行合理的偏折，以有利于实现大像面设计。
f2/|f12|＝1.234；第二透镜L2为第一镜组G1提供正屈折力，通过控制上述关系比值在合理的范围内，将有助于第二透镜L2平衡第一透镜L1的负屈折力，使光线获得合理的偏转角，从而能够使由第一镜组G1出射的光线更平缓地过渡至第二镜组G2，另外还有利于缩短第一镜组G1的总长。
(n4-n5)*10/ct45c＝0.93mm -1；满足该关系时，一方面将有利于使光学变焦系统10在长焦端时拥有更显著长焦特性，从而可提高变焦比；另一方面还可减小系统的色差与球差，提升成像品质。
f12/f1＝1.83；f1为第一透镜L1的有效焦距，f12为第一透镜L1与第二透镜L2的组合焦距。第一透镜L1为第一镜组G1提供主要的负屈折力，满足该关系时，可有利于避免第一透镜L1的屈折力过大而引起像差集中和灵敏度集中的问题；另一方面，第一透镜L1的面型设计也有利于与第二透镜L2配合，以便于机构排布以及后期加工组装。
sd31c/FNOc＝1.11mm；满足该关系时，光学变焦系统10在长焦端时依然能够拥有足够的进光量，从而在对远处物体成像时保持良好的成像质量。
另外，图4体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统10处于短焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图，图5体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统10处于中焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图，图6体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统10处于长焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图。图4至图6中的像散图和畸变图的参考波长为555nm，以下各实施例中的像散图和畸变图的参考波长也均为555nm，纵坐标IMGHT表示像高，单位为mm。图4至图6均包括光学变焦系统10的纵向球面像差图(Longitudinal Spherical Aberration)，其表示不同波长的光线经由镜头后的汇聚焦点偏离。纵向球面像差图的纵坐标表示归一化的由光瞳中心至光瞳边缘的光瞳坐标(Normalized Pupil Coordinator)，横坐标表示成像面到光线与光轴交点的距离(单位为mm)。由各纵向球面像差图可知，在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端三种变焦状态下，第一实施例中的各波长光线的汇聚焦点偏离程度趋于一致，且大部分波长的焦点偏移被控制在±0.1mm以内，成像画面中的弥散斑或色晕得到有效抑制。图4至图6分别还包括光学变焦系统10的像散场曲图(Astigmatic Field Curves)，其中S曲线代表555nm下的弧矢场曲，T曲线代表555nm下的子午场曲。由图中可知，在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端三种变焦状态下，系统于子午方向和弧矢方向的最大场曲均被控制±0.1mm以内，各视场的场曲和像散均得到了良好的校正，画面中心和边缘均拥有清晰的成像。图4至图6分别还包括光学变焦系统10的畸变图(Distortion)，由图中可知，在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端三种变焦状态下，最大畸变均被控制在±3％以内，图像变形得到有效抑制。
第二实施例
参考图7、图8和图9，图7体现了光学变焦系统10于短焦端时的结构示意图，图8体现了光学变焦系统10于中焦端时的结构示意图，图9体现了光学变焦系统10于长焦端时的结构示意图。
在第二实施例中，光学变焦系统10沿光轴101由物侧至像侧依次包括：具有负屈折力的第一镜组G1，其中第一镜组G1包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1和具有正屈折力的第二透镜L2；具有正屈折力的第二镜组G2，其中第二镜组G2包括具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、具有负屈折力的第四透镜L4；以 及具有负屈折力的第三镜组G3，其中第三镜组G3包括具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。
光学变焦系统10中各透镜的面型如下：
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S2于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S1于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S2于圆周处为凹面。
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S4于近光轴101处为凸面；物侧面S3于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S4于圆周处为凸面。
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S6于近光轴101处为凸面；物侧面S5于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S6于圆周处为凸面。
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S8于近光轴101处为凸面；物侧面S7于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S8于圆周处为凹面。
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S10于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S9于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S10于圆周处为凸面。
另外，第二实施例中光学变焦系统10的各透镜参数由表3、表4给出，其中各结构和参数的定义可由第一实施例中得出，此处不加以赘述。
表3
Figure PCTCN2021093004-appb-000003
光学变焦系统10的有效焦距f、光圈数FNO、最大视场角FOV及光学总长TTL均给出了三个参数值，其中由左至右分别表示系统在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端下的参数值。
D1、D2及D3在不同变焦状态下的数值可参考下表，数值单位为毫米(mm)：
  D1(mm) D2(mm) D3(mm)
短焦端 9.565 11.191 0.464
中焦端 3.943 10.993 1.656
长焦端 0.685 10.964 2.554
表4
面序号 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10
K -1.037E+00 -3.549E+00 -3.663E+00 1.498E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A4 3.823E-04 -1.359E-03 -1.494E-03 1.010E-03 -5.188E-03 -4.644E-03
A6 2.353E-05 4.034E-04 4.548E-04 7.331E-05 2.198E-05 1.935E-04
A8 -4.456E-06 -3.244E-05 -3.893E-05 -7.613E-06 2.169E-05 -3.648E-06
A10 5.858E-07 8.284E-07 1.299E-06 5.685E-07 -1.901E-06 1.720E-08
A12 -3.350E-08 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 -1.180E-08 5.540E-08 0.000E+00
A14 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A16 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A18 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A20 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
该实施例中的光学变焦系统10满足以下关系：
(ctg1+ctg2+ctg3)/ttld 0.229 f5/sag51 17.523
IMGH/FFLd 5.928 f2/|f12| 1.633
cj/dj 1.548 (n4-n5)*10/ct45c(mm -1) 0.950
|R52/sag52| 108.304 f12/f1 1.624
|f4|/et4d 8.088 sd31c/FNOc(mm) 1.105
图10体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图，图11体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统10处于中焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图，图12体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统10处于长焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图。各像散图和畸变图的参考波长为555nm。由图10至图12可知，在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端三种变焦状态下，光学变焦系统10的纵向球差、场曲、像散和畸变均得到良好的控制，因此光学变焦系统10拥有优良的变焦性能。
第三实施例
参考图13、图14和图15，图13体现了光学变焦系统10于短焦端时的结构示意图，图14体现了光学变焦系统10于中焦端时的结构示意图，图15体现了光学变焦系统10于长焦端时的结构示意图。
在第三实施例中，光学变焦系统10沿光轴101由物侧至像侧依次包括：具有负屈折力的第一镜组G1，其中第一镜组G1包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1和具有正屈折力的第二透镜L2；具有正屈折力的第二镜组G2，其中第二镜组G2包括具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、具有负屈折力的第四透镜L4；以及具有负屈折力的第三镜组G3，其中第三镜组G3包括具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。
光学变焦系统10中各透镜的面型如下：
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S2于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S1于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S2于圆周处为凹面。
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S4于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S3于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S4于圆周处为凹面。
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S6于近光轴101处为凸面；物侧面S5于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S6于圆周处为凹面。
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S8于近光轴101处为凸面；物侧面S7于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S8于圆周处为凹面。
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S10于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S9于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S10于圆周处为凸面。
另外，第三实施例中光学变焦系统10的各透镜参数由表5、表6给出，其中各结构和参数的定义可由第一实施例中得出，此处不加以赘述。
表5
Figure PCTCN2021093004-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2021093004-appb-000005
光学变焦系统10的有效焦距f、光圈数FNO、最大视场角FOV及光学总长TTL均给出了三个参数值，其中由左至右分别表示系统在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端下的参数值。
D1、D2及D3在不同变焦状态下的数值可参考下表，数值单位为毫米(mm)：
  D1(mm) D2(mm) D3(mm)
短焦端 8.916 10.998 0.955
中焦端 4.151 11.222 1.668
长焦端 0.200 11.500 2.590
表6
面序号 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10
K -5.688E-01 -4.579E+00 -3.897E+00 3.846E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A4 2.976E-04 -1.967E-03 -1.893E-03 3.835E-04 -8.134E-03 -8.917E-03
A6 5.256E-06 5.055E-04 5.022E-04 8.748E-05 1.181E-04 4.795E-04
A8 3.494E-07 -3.643E-05 -3.837E-05 -5.421E-06 2.862E-05 -2.115E-05
A10 1.447E-07 9.156E-07 1.111E-06 2.853E-07 -3.534E-06 4.206E-07
A12 -1.080E-08 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 -1.100E-09 1.230E-07 0.000E+00
A14 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A16 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A18 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A20 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
该实施例中的光学变焦系统10满足以下关系：
(ctg1+ctg2+ctg3)/ttld 0.232 f5/sag51 17.267
IMGH/FFLd 3.678 f2/|f12| 1.741
cj/dj 1.575 (n4-n5)*10/ct45c(mm -1) 1.108
|R52/sag52| 34.754 f12/f1 1.579
|f4|/et4d 12.897 sd31c/FNOc(mm) 1.161
图16体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图，图17体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统10处于中焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图，图18体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统10处于长焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图。各像散图和畸变图的参考波长为555nm。由图16至图18可知，在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端三种变焦状态下，光学变焦系统10的 纵向球差、场曲、像散和畸变均得到良好的控制，因此光学变焦系统10拥有优良的变焦性能。
第四实施例
参考图19、图20和图21，图19体现了光学变焦系统10于短焦端时的结构示意图，图20体现了光学变焦系统10于中焦端时的结构示意图，图21体现了光学变焦系统10于长焦端时的结构示意图。
在第四实施例中，光学变焦系统10沿光轴101由物侧至像侧依次包括：具有负屈折力的第一镜组G1，其中第一镜组G1包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1和具有正屈折力的第二透镜L2；具有正屈折力的第二镜组G2，其中第二镜组G2包括具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、具有负屈折力的第四透镜L4；以及具有负屈折力的第三镜组G3，其中第三镜组G3包括具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。
光学变焦系统10中各透镜的面型如下：
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S2于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S1于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S2于圆周处为凹面。
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S4于近光轴101处为凸面；物侧面S3于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S4于圆周处为凸面。
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S6于近光轴101处为凸面；物侧面S5于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S6于圆周处为凹面。
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S8于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S7于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S8于圆周处为凹面。
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S10于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S9于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S10于圆周处为凸面。
另外，第四实施例中光学变焦系统10的各透镜参数由表7、表8给出，其中各结构和参数的定义可由第一实施例中得出，此处不加以赘述。
表7
Figure PCTCN2021093004-appb-000006
光学变焦系统10的有效焦距f、光圈数FNO、最大视场角FOV及光学总长TTL均给出了三个参数值，其中由左至右分别表示系统在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端下的参数值。
D1、D2及D3在不同变焦状态下的数值可参考下表，数值单位为毫米(mm)：
  D1(mm) D2(mm) D3(mm)
短焦端 10.614 11.201 0.354
中焦端 4.649 11.200 1.510
长焦端 0.200 11.500 2.590
表8
面序号 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10
K -3.947E-01 -1.709E+01 -4.738E+01 5.000E+01 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A4 3.854E-04 1.120E-04 -1.879E-04 1.904E-03 -5.832E-03 -5.674E-03
A6 2.686E-05 2.695E-04 3.454E-04 8.082E-05 3.880E-05 2.141E-04
A8 -2.575E-06 -3.079E-05 -3.484E-05 4.181E-06 2.315E-05 -3.713E-06
A10 3.430E-07 1.346E-06 1.501E-06 -5.492E-07 -1.908E-06 2.050E-08
A12 -1.720E-08 -1.830E-08 -1.350E-08 6.130E-08 5.380E-08 0.000E+00
A14 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A16 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A18 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A20 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
该实施例中的光学变焦系统10满足以下关系：
(ctg1+ctg2+ctg3)/ttld 0.212 f5/sag51 15.772
IMGH/FFLd 6.855 f2/|f12| 4.590
cj/dj 1.718 (n4-n5)*10/ct45c(mm -1) 1.127
|R52/sag52| 55.410 f12/f1 1.228
|f4|/et4d 11.186 sd31c/FNOc(mm) 1.229
图22体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图，图23体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统10处于中焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图，图24体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统10处于长焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图。各像散图和畸变图的参考波长为555nm。由图22至图24可知，在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端三种变焦状态下，光学变焦系统10的纵向球差、场曲、像散和畸变均得到良好的控制，因此光学变焦系统10拥有优良的变焦性能。
第五实施例
参考图25、图26和图27，图25体现了光学变焦系统10于短焦端时的结构示意图，图26体现了光学变焦系统10于中焦端时的结构示意图，图27体现了光学变焦系统10于长焦端时的结构示意图。
在第五实施例中，光学变焦系统10沿光轴101由物侧至像侧依次包括：具有负屈折力的第一镜组G1，其中第一镜组G1包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1和具有正屈折力的第二透镜L2；具有正屈折力的第二镜组G2，其中第二镜组G2包括具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、具有负屈折力的第四透镜L4；以及具有负屈折力的第三镜组G3，其中第三镜组G3包括具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。
光学变焦系统10中各透镜的面型如下：
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S2于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S1于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S2于圆周处为凹面。
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S4于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S3于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S4于圆周处为凹面。
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S6于近光轴101处为凸面；物侧面S5于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S6于圆周处为凹面。
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S8于近光轴101处为凸面；物侧面S7于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S8于圆周处为凹面。
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S10于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S9于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S10于圆周处为凹面。
另外，第五实施例中光学变焦系统10的各透镜参数由表9、表10给出，其中各结构和参数的定义可由第一实施例中得出，此处不加以赘述。
表9
Figure PCTCN2021093004-appb-000007
光学变焦系统10的有效焦距f、光圈数FNO、最大视场角FOV及光学总长TTL均给出了三个参数值，其中由左至右分别表示系统在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端下的参数值。
D1、D2及D3在不同变焦状态下的数值可参考下表，数值单位为毫米(mm)：
  D1(mm) D2(mm) D3(mm)
短焦端 9.791 10.887 0.901
中焦端 4.067 11.100 1.907
长焦端 0.140 11.600 2.751
表10
面序号 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10
K -2.968E-01 -2.088E+01 -3.936E+01 -5.000E+01 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A4 4.310E-04 -2.174E-04 -1.172E-03 2.144E-03 -1.428E-02 -1.677E-02
A6 5.386E-05 3.209E-04 5.072E-04 8.855E-05 3.880E-04 8.909E-04
A8 -6.883E-06 -2.181E-05 -3.929E-05 7.913E-06 4.480E-05 -3.954E-05
A10 9.146E-07 -2.395E-07 7.634E-07 -1.144E-06 -6.143E-06 5.440E-07
A12 -4.330E-08 5.090E-08 3.950E-08 1.155E-07 2.168E-07 -2.200E-09
A14 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A16 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A18 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A20 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
该实施例中的光学变焦系统10满足以下关系：
(ctg1+ctg2+ctg3)/ttld 0.195 f5/sag51 28.327
IMGH/FFLd 4.732 f2/|f12| 2.060
cj/dj 1.699 (n4-n5)*10/ct45c(mm -1) 1.117
|R52/sag52| 246.908 f12/f1 1.493
|f4|/et4d 11.724 sd31c/FNOc(mm) 1.062
图28体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图，图29体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统10处于中焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图，图30体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统10处于长焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图。各像散图和畸变图的参考波长为555nm。由图28至图30可知，在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端三种变焦状态下，光学变焦系统10的纵向球差、场曲、像散和畸变均得到良好的控制，因此光学变焦系统10拥有优良的变焦性能。
第六实施例
参考图31、图32和图33，图31体现了光学变焦系统10于短焦端时的结构示意图，图32体现了光学变焦系统10于中焦端时的结构示意图，图33体现了光学变焦系统10于长焦端时的结构示意图。
在第六实施例中，光学变焦系统10沿光轴101由物侧至像侧依次包括：具有负屈折力的第一镜组G1，其中第一镜组G1包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1和具有正屈折力的第二透镜L2；具有正屈折力的第二镜组G2，其中第二镜组G2包括具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、具有负屈折力的第四透镜L4；以及具有负屈折力的第三镜组G3，其中第三镜组G3包括具有负屈折力的第五透镜L5。
光学变焦系统10中各透镜的面型如下：
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S2于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S1于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S2于圆周处为凹面。
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S4于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S3于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S4于圆周处为凹面。
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S6于近光轴101处为凸面；物侧面S5于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S6于圆周处为凹面。
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7于近光轴101处为凹面，像侧面S8于近光轴101处为凸面；物侧面S7于圆周处为凸面，像侧面S8于圆周处为凹面。
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9于近光轴101处为凸面，像侧面S10于近光轴101处为凹面；物侧面S9于圆周处为凹面，像侧面S10于圆周处为凸面。
另外，第六实施例中光学变焦系统10的各透镜参数由表11、表12给出，其中各结构和参数的定义可由第一实施例中得出，此处不加以赘述。
表11
Figure PCTCN2021093004-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2021093004-appb-000009
光学变焦系统10的有效焦距f、光圈数FNO、最大视场角FOV及光学总长TTL均给出了三个参数值，其中由左至右分别表示系统在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端下的参数值。
D1、D2及D3在不同变焦状态下的数值可参考下表，数值单位为毫米(mm)：
  D1(mm) D2(mm) D3(mm)
短焦端 10.292 11.207 0.850
中焦端 3.852 11.145 2.024
长焦端 0.299 11.179 2.967
表12
面序号 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10
K -8.953E-01 -1.848E+00 -4.405E+00 -4.344E+01 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
A4 3.063E-04 -1.576E-02 -1.455E-02 -7.513E-05 -9.621E-03 -1.084E-02
A6 1.232E-04 9.855E-03 9.310E-03 7.147E-04 6.622E-04 9.929E-04
A8 -1.684E-05 -2.925E-03 -2.877E-03 -2.409E-04 -6.581E-05 -1.390E-04
A10 -1.081E-06 4.733E-04 5.002E-04 5.007E-05 -2.327E-06 1.473E-05
A12 8.208E-07 -3.935E-05 -4.842E-05 -5.946E-06 1.960E-06 -9.990E-07
A14 -1.513E-07 9.873E-07 2.285E-06 3.751E-07 -2.761E-07 4.020E-08
A16 1.510E-08 8.420E-08 -1.610E-08 -8.500E-09 1.840E-08 -9.000E-10
A18 -8.000E-10 -6.700E-09 -2.600E-09 -2.000E-10 -6.000E-10 0.000E+00
A20 0.000E+00 1.000E-10 1.000E-10 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
该实施例中的光学变焦系统10满足以下关系：
(ctg1+ctg2+ctg3)/ttld 0.207 f5/sag51 39.321
IMGH/FFLd 5.325 f2/|f12| 2.903
cj/dj 1.610 (n4-n5)*10/ct45c(mm -1) 0.932
|R52/sag52| 22.441 f12/f1 1.349
|f4|/et4d 11.910 sd31c/FNOc(mm) 1.164
图34体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统处于短焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图，图35体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统10处于中焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图，图36体现了该实施例中的光学变焦系统10处于长焦端时的纵向球差图、像散图和畸变图。各像散图和畸变图的参考波长为555nm。由图34至图36可知，在短焦端、中焦端及长焦端三种变焦状态下，光学变焦系统10的纵向球差、场曲、像散和畸变均得到良好的控制，因此光学变焦系统10拥有优良的变焦性能。
参考图37，本申请的一些实施例还提供了一种变焦模组20，变焦模组20可包括上述任意一个实施例的光学变焦系统10、图像传感器210及驱动件(图未示)，图像传感器210设置于光学变焦系统10的像侧，即设于第三镜组G3的出光侧，驱动件用于驱动第一镜组G1、第二镜组G2和第三镜组G3中的至少两者相对图像传感器210移动。图像传感器210可以为CCD(Charge Coupled Device，电荷耦合器件)或CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，互补金属氧化物半导体)。一般地，在装配时，光学变焦系统10的成像面S13与图像传感器210的感光表面重叠。驱动件可以为常规的音圈马达结构或齿轮驱动结构，具体设置可根据实际需求确定，此处不加以赘述。驱动件可以有多个，每个驱动件对应一个位置可调的镜组。通过采用上述光学变焦系统10，变焦模组20在像差校正、提高相对亮度、提高变焦比、实现大像面、降低制备成本等方面均实现良好的兼顾，从而可拥有优良的变 焦性能。
参考图38，本申请的一些实施例还提供了一种电子设备30。电子设备30包括上述变焦模组20及固定件310，变焦模组20安装于固定件310，固定件310可以为显示屏、电路板、中框、后盖等部件。电子设备30可以为但不限于智能手机、智能手表、智能眼镜、平板电脑、电子书阅读器、车载摄像设备、监控设备、无人机、医疗设备(如内窥镜)、生物识别设备(如指纹识别设备、瞳孔识别设备、人脸识别设备等)、PDA(Personal Digital Assistant，个人数字助理)等。通过采用上述变焦模组20，电子设备30将拥有较大的变焦范围以及在不同焦端下的优良成像品质。
本发明实施例中所使用到的“电子设备”可包括，但不限于被设置成经由有线线路连接(如经由公共交换电话网络(public switched telephone network，PSTN)、数字用户线路(digital subscriber line，DSL)、数字电缆、直接电缆连接，以及/或另一数据连接/网络)和/或经由(例如，针对蜂窝网络、无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)、诸如手持数字视频广播(digital video broadcasting handheld，DVB-H)网络的数字电视网络、卫星网络、调幅-调频(amplitude modulation-frequency modulation，AM-FM)广播发送器，以及/或另一通信终端的)无线接口接收/发送通信信号的设备。被设置成通过无线接口通信的电子设备可以被称为“无线通信终端”、“无线终端”以及/或“移动终端”。移动终端的示例包括，但不限于卫星或蜂窝电话；可以组合蜂窝无线电电话与数据处理、传真以及数据通信能力的个人通信系统(personal communication system，PCS)终端；可以包括无线电电话、寻呼机、因特网/内联网接入、Web浏览器、记事簿、日历以及/或全球定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)接收器的个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)；以及常规膝上型和/或掌上型接收器或包括无线电电话收发器的其它电子设备。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“前”、“后”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种光学变焦系统，沿光轴由物侧至像侧依次包括：
    第一镜组，包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜和具有正屈折力的第二透镜，所述第一透镜的物侧面和像侧面于近光轴处均为凹面；
    第二镜组，包括具有正屈折力的第三透镜和具有负屈折力的第四透镜，所述第三透镜的物侧面和像侧面于近光轴处均为凸面，所述第四透镜的物侧面于近光轴处为凹面；
    第三镜组，包括具有负屈折力的第五透镜，所述第五透镜的像侧面于近光轴处为凹面，所述第五透镜的物侧面和像侧面均为非球面，且其中至少一者存在反曲；
    所述第二镜组和所述第三镜组中的至少一者能够相对所述第一镜组移动，以改变所述光学变焦系统的有效焦距。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述光学变焦系统满足关系：
    10＜f5/sag51＜50；
    f5为所述第五透镜的有效焦距，sag51为所述光学变焦系统于短焦端时所述第五透镜的物侧面于最大有效径处的矢高。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述光学变焦系统满足关系：
    3.5＜IMGH/FFLd＜7.0；
    IMGH为所述光学变焦系统的最大成像圆半径，FFLd为所述光学变焦系统于短焦端时所述第五透镜的像侧面至成像面于光轴方向上的最短距离。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述光学变焦系统满足关系：
    cj/dj＞1.53；
    cj为所述光学变焦系统于长焦端时的有效焦距，dj为所述光学变焦系统于短焦端时的有效焦距。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述光学变焦系统满足关系：
    15＜|R52/sag52|＜250；
    R52为所述第五透镜的像侧面于光轴处的曲率半径，sag52为所述光学变焦系统于短焦端时所述第五透镜的像侧面于最大有效径处的矢高。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述光学变焦系统满足关系：
    16.42≤|R52/sag52|≤55.41。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述光学变焦系统满足关系：
    7＜|f4|/et4d＜13；
    f4为所述第四透镜的有效焦距，et4d为所述光学变焦系统于短焦端时所述第四透镜的物侧面最大有效径处至像侧面最大有效径处于光轴方向距离。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述光学变焦系统满足关系：
    (ctg1+ctg2+ctg3)/ttld＜0.24；
    ctg1为所述第一透镜的物侧面至第二透镜的像侧面于光轴上的距离，ctg2为所述第三透镜的物侧面至所述第四透镜的像侧面于光轴上的距离，ctg3为所述第五透镜于光轴上的厚度，ttld为所述光学变焦系统于短焦端时所述第一透镜的物侧面至成像面于光轴上的距离。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述光学变焦系统满足关系：
    1＜f2/|f12|＜5；
    f2为所述第二透镜的有效焦距，f12为所述第一透镜与所述第二透镜的组合焦距。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述光学变焦系统满足关系：
    0.9mm -1＜(n4-n5)*10/ct45c＜1.2mm -1；
    n4为所述第四透镜于d光下的折射率，n5为所述第五透镜于d光下的折射率，ct45c为所述光学变焦系统于长焦端时所述第四透镜的像侧面至所述第五透镜的物侧面于光轴上的距离。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述光学变焦系统满足关系：
    1＜f12/f1＜2；
    f1为所述第一透镜的有效焦距，f12为所述第一透镜与所述第二透镜的组合焦距。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述光学变焦系统满足关系：
    1.0mm＜sd31c/FNOc＜1.3mm；
    sd31c为所述光学变焦系统于长焦端时所述第三透镜的物侧面的最大有效半口径，FNOc为所述光学变焦系统于长焦端时的光圈数。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述第一透镜的物侧面和像侧面均为凹面。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13任意一项所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述第三透镜的物侧面作为孔径光阑面。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述第一镜组中各透镜的物侧面和像侧面均为球面，所述第二镜组和所述第三镜组中各透镜的物侧面和像侧面均为非球面。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述第一镜组中各透镜的材质均为玻璃。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的光学变焦系统，其特征在于，所述光学变焦系统包括红外截止滤光片，所述红外截止滤光片设于所述第五透镜的像侧。
  18. 一种变焦模组，包括驱动件、图像传感器及权利要求1至17任意一项所述的光学变焦系统，所述图像传感器设于所述第三镜组的出光侧，所述驱动件用于驱动所述第一镜组、所述第二镜组和所述第三镜组中的至少两者相对所述图像传感器移动。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的变焦模组，其特征在于，所述第一镜组、所述第二镜组及所述第三镜组均能够相对所述图像传感器移动。
  20. 一种电子设备，包括固定件及权利要求18或19所述的变焦模组，所述变焦模组设于所述固定件。
PCT/CN2021/093004 2021-05-11 2021-05-11 光学变焦系统、变焦模组及电子设备 WO2022236663A1 (zh)

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