WO2023240768A1 - 一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023240768A1
WO2023240768A1 PCT/CN2022/110283 CN2022110283W WO2023240768A1 WO 2023240768 A1 WO2023240768 A1 WO 2023240768A1 CN 2022110283 W CN2022110283 W CN 2022110283W WO 2023240768 A1 WO2023240768 A1 WO 2023240768A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
aggregate
drum
carbon dioxide
return
carbon
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PCT/CN2022/110283
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨建红
黄文景
房怀英
陈焕森
张宝裕
林继铭
黄骁民
林柏宏
周亚
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福建南方路面机械股份有限公司
华侨大学
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Publication of WO2023240768A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023240768A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/0012—Devices for disintegrating materials by collision of these materials against a breaking surface or breaking body and/or by friction between the material particles (also for grain)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/02—Feeding devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/14—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with more than one separator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/16—Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of recycled aggregate recycling, and in particular to a carbon-fixing reinforced recycled aggregate preparation device and method based on the crushing of returned materials.
  • Recycled aggregate is a technology that reuses aggregates and can effectively reduce the waste of construction resources.
  • recycled aggregates there is still a performance gap between recycled aggregates and virgin aggregates.
  • scholars are constantly studying methods to improve the properties of recycled aggregates.
  • carbonized recycled aggregates can not only absorb and store carbon dioxide in the air, but also effectively improve the performance of recycled aggregates. It has very broad prospects.
  • most of the research on carbonized recycled aggregates is at the laboratory stage, and the device still has the problem of insufficient sealing, and the risk of carbon dioxide poisoning of the operator cannot be ignored.
  • the present invention provides a low-cost, efficient carbon-fixing reinforced recycled aggregate preparation device and method based on the crushing of returned materials.
  • a carbon-fixing reinforced regenerated aggregate preparation device based on return material crushing which is characterized by: including a screw conveyor, a throwing rotor, a screening drum, and a return material rotor. cylinder, carbon dioxide input pipe;
  • the screw conveyor is equipped with a raw material inlet, a fine aggregate inlet, and a discharge port.
  • the throwing rotor is located at one end of the screw conveyor, and the discharge port of the screw conveyor passes into the throwing rotor.
  • the screw conveyor will The aggregate is fed into the throwing rotor;
  • the screening drum includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder.
  • the inner cylinder is densely covered with mesh holes.
  • the outer cylinder is sleeved outside the inner cylinder so that a screening material is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.
  • Space, the throwing rotor is located in the inner cylinder, and the throwing rotor accelerates and throws the aggregate out to the inner cylinder, causing the aggregates to collide with each other and break, and the fine aggregate passes through the mesh and enters the screening space;
  • the return material drum is set outside the screw conveyor, and the fine aggregate inlet of the screw conveyor is located in the return material drum.
  • the return material drum is equipped with a return material blade, and the return material drum is connected with the screening space. , the fine aggregate in the screen space is sent into the return drum, and the return blade of the return drum drives the fine aggregate to be sent into the screw conveyor from the fine aggregate inlet;
  • the inlet end of the carbon dioxide input pipe is connected into the screening drum, and the regenerated aggregate absorbs carbon dioxide to fix carbon and enhance the carbonization of the regenerated aggregate.
  • the carbon dioxide input pipe is provided with a heater, and the carbon dioxide enters the screening drum after being heated by the heater.
  • the apparatus also includes an outer shell, a dust collector, and an absorption pool.
  • the screw conveyor, material throwing rotor, screening drum, and return drum are located in the outer shell.
  • the air inlet end of the dust collector extends into the outer shell, and the air outlet The end extends into an absorption pool, and a carbon dioxide absorption solution is provided in the absorption pool.
  • the carbon dioxide input pipe is provided with an electronic control valve
  • the air outlet end of the dust collector is provided with a carbon dioxide concentration detector
  • the carbon dioxide concentration detector is signal-connected to the electronic control valve
  • the rotating shafts of the throwing rotor and the screening drum are arranged to extend laterally, the throwing rotor and the screening drum are arranged eccentrically, and the axis center of the throwing rotor is set higher than the axis center of the screening drum.
  • the throwing rotor includes a throwing blade and a guide sleeve.
  • the guide sleeve is fixedly installed.
  • a guide opening is provided at the lower part of the guide sleeve.
  • the throwing blade rotates at high speed and is set in the guide sleeve.
  • the aggregate is driven by the throwing blade. Accelerate and shoot out of the guide opening.
  • the outer cylinder of the screening drum has a flared structure, so that the inner wall of the outer cylinder has an inclined structure.
  • the flared end of the outer cylinder faces the return drum, and the aggregate is tilted toward the lower part of the outer cylinder. Fall into the return drum.
  • the inner cylinder includes several arc-shaped sieve plates, the ends of adjacent arc-shaped sieve plates are stacked, and the stacking positions are spaced apart to form blanking gaps, and the end of the previous arc-shaped screen plate is in the latter arc-shaped screen plate.
  • the inner side of the first end of the sieve plate causes the inner cylinder to rotate forward so that the aggregate does not pass through the blanking gap; the inner cylinder rotates reversely and the aggregate is discharged through the blanking gap.
  • the discharge door is connected to the grading aggregate screen, and the aggregate is sent to the grading aggregate screen through the discharge door for screening.
  • a raw material conveyor is included, and the raw material conveyor is connected to the raw material inlet of the screw conveyor.
  • a method for preparing carbon-fixed reinforced recycled aggregate based on returned material crushing characterized by: a carbon-fixed reinforced recycled aggregate preparation device based on returned material crushed according to any one of the above, which includes:
  • the raw materials are fed in from the raw material inlet of the screw conveyor, and the screw conveyor sends the aggregate out of the discharge port, passes through the throwing rotor and enters the screening drum;
  • the throwing rotor rotates at high speed, and the aggregate is thrown out from the throwing rotor at high speed, and hits the aggregate on the inner cylinder of the screening drum, and the aggregates collide with each other and break;
  • the screening drum rotates, and the broken fine aggregate passes through the mesh into the screen space and enters the return drum.
  • the rotation of the return drum drives the fine aggregate to rise and enter again through the fine aggregate inlet.
  • the fine aggregate enters the throwing rotor and is thrown out at high speed to hit the inner cylinder, and the aggregate is further impacted and broken;
  • the carbon dioxide input pipe transports carbon dioxide to the screening drum.
  • the aggregates are tumbling, allowing the carbon dioxide to fully react with the aggregates and the cement slurry attached to their surfaces.
  • the carbon dioxide is absorbed and solidified, and the regenerated aggregates are carbonized at the same time. strengthen.
  • the crushed fine aggregate is sent back to the screw conveyor, and is ejected and impacted by the throwing rotor again.
  • the fine aggregate is small in size and has a small impact contact surface.
  • the instantaneous force between the aggregates is large when it impacts, and the fine aggregate is
  • the returned material increases the number of thrown fine aggregates, which can more effectively impact and peel off the mortar on the surface of the aggregates.
  • the aggregate passes through the screening drum repeatedly and continues to roll. More of the surface of the aggregate and the cement slurry on it is exposed, allowing the carbon dioxide to fully react with the aggregate and the cement slurry attached to its surface, and more carbon dioxide is absorbed. Absorption and solidification reduce carbon emissions, and at the same time strengthen the carbonization of recycled aggregates, improving the quality of the prepared recycled aggregates.
  • Carbon dioxide passing through the heater can increase the reaction rate, improve carbon fixation and aggregate strengthening efficiency.
  • the carbon dioxide concentration detector and the electronic control valve are feedback adjusted to keep the carbon dioxide in the equipment within a better reaction solubility range; the absorption pool can absorb unused materials. Absorbed carbon dioxide to achieve full utilization of carbon dioxide tail gas.
  • the screening drum and the throwing rotor are arranged eccentrically, so that the inner cylinder under the throwing rotor has a larger space to accommodate the aggregate and improve the processing capacity.
  • the guide sleeve on the throwing rotor positions the aggregate throwing angle to ensure that the thrown bone
  • the materials can all hit the aggregate in the inner cylinder for effective impact and crushing, and at the same time protect the inner cylinder.
  • the inner cylinder adopts a combined structure of multiple arc-shaped sieve plates, and a blanking gap is formed between the arc-shaped sieve plates.
  • This structure allows the forward-rotating aggregates of the screening drum to not pass through the blanking gap, and can be discharged by reverse rotation, which improves the efficiency of the screening drum.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon-fixing reinforced recycled aggregate preparation device based on returned material crushing according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the screening drum of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the throwing rotor of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the material return drum of the present invention.
  • a carbon-fixing reinforced recycled aggregate preparation device based on return crushing includes a screw conveyor 1, a throwing rotor 2, a screening drum 3, a return drum 4, and a carbon dioxide input Pipe 5, outer shell 6, dust collector 7, absorption tank 71, grading aggregate screen 8, raw material conveyor 9;
  • the screw conveyor 1 is provided with a raw material inlet 11, a fine aggregate inlet 12, and a discharge port 13.
  • the raw material conveyor 9 is connected to the raw material inlet 11 of the screw conveyor 1.
  • the throwing rotor 2 is located on the screw conveyor. One end of the machine 1, and the outlet 13 of the screw conveyor 1 passes into the throwing rotor 2, and the screw conveyor 1 sends the aggregate into the throwing rotor 2;
  • the screening drum 3 includes an inner cylinder 31 and an outer cylinder 32.
  • the inner cylinder 31 is densely provided with mesh holes.
  • the outer cylinder 32 is sleeved outside the inner cylinder 31, so that the outer cylinder 31
  • a screening space 33 is formed between the inner cylinder 32 and the inner cylinder 32; the throwing rotor 2 is located in the inner cylinder 31, and the throwing rotor 2 accelerates and throws the aggregate out to the inner cylinder 31, causing the aggregates to collide with each other and break the fine bones.
  • the throwing rotor 2 includes a throwing blade 21 and a guide sleeve 22.
  • the guide sleeve 22 is fixedly arranged.
  • a guide opening 221 is provided at the lower part of the guide sleeve 22.
  • the throwing blade 21 rotates at high speed and is installed in the guide sleeve 22 .
  • the aggregate is accelerated by the throwing blade 21 and ejected from the guide opening 221 .
  • the guide sleeve 22 causes the aggregate to be ejected in one direction to ensure that the aggregate hits the aggregate accumulation position of the inner cylinder 31 .
  • the inner cylinder 31 includes several arc-shaped screen plates 311. The ends of adjacent arc-shaped screen plates 311 are stacked, and the stacking positions are spaced apart to form blanking gaps 312. The end of the previous arc-shaped screen plate 311 is in the latter arc shape. The inner side of the head end of the sieve plate 311 causes the inner cylinder 31 to rotate forward so that the aggregate does not pass through the blanking gap 312; the inner cylinder 31 rotates reversely and the aggregate is discharged through the blanking gap 312.
  • the return material drum 4 is set outside the screw conveyor 1, and the fine aggregate inlet 12 of the screw conveyor 1 is located in the return material drum 4.
  • the return material drum 4 is provided with a return material blade 41, and the return material is returned
  • the drum 4 is connected with the screen material space 33.
  • the fine aggregate in the screen material space 33 is sent into the return material drum 4.
  • the return blade 41 of the return material drum 4 drives the fine aggregate to be sent in from the fine aggregate inlet 12.
  • the outer cylinder 32 of the screening drum 3 has a flared structure, so that the inner wall of the outer cylinder 32 has an inclined structure.
  • the flared end of the outer cylinder 32 faces the return drum 4, and the aggregate is The lower part of the outer cylinder 32 tilts downward and falls into the return drum 4 .
  • a discharging door 42 is provided on one side of the return drum 4.
  • the discharging door 42 is connected to the grading aggregate screen 8, and the aggregate is sent to the grading aggregate screen 8 through the discharging door 42 for screening.
  • the inlet end of the carbon dioxide input pipe 5 is connected to the screening drum 3.
  • the carbon dioxide input pipe 5 is provided with a heater 51.
  • the carbon dioxide enters the screening drum 3 after being heated by the heater 51.
  • the regenerated aggregate absorbs the carbon dioxide and solidifies it. Carbon and strengthen the carbonization of recycled aggregates.
  • the screw conveyor 1, throwing rotor 2, screening drum 3, and return drum 4 are located in the outer casing 6.
  • the air inlet end of the dust collector 7 extends into the outer casing 6, and the air outlet end extends to the absorption pool.
  • the absorption pool 71 is provided with a carbon dioxide absorption solution
  • the carbon dioxide absorption solution is one of lime water and sodium hydroxide solution.
  • the carbon dioxide input pipe 5 is provided with an electric control valve 52
  • the air outlet end of the dust collector 7 is provided with a carbon dioxide concentration detector 72.
  • the carbon dioxide concentration detector 72 is connected with the electric control valve 52 via a signal.
  • the carbon dioxide input pipe 5 leads into the screening drum 3, the screening drum 3 is set at the front end of the screw conveyor 1, and the return drum 4 is set in the middle of the screw conveyor 1, forming Connectable enclosed workspaces. Reduce the possibility of carbon dioxide leakage and increase safety.
  • this embodiment also includes an outer casing 6.
  • the screening drum 3, the return drum 4 and the screw conveyor form a closed working space and are placed in the outer casing 6 to form secondary protection and extend into the outer casing 6.
  • the air inlet end of the dust collector 7 can effectively absorb carbon dioxide and alarm when the concentration exceeds the standard.
  • a method for preparing carbon-fixed reinforced recycled aggregate based on the crushing of returned materials which includes:
  • the demolition and construction waste becomes clean raw materials after being screened to remove debris.
  • the raw materials are transported by the raw material conveyor 9 and fed into the raw material inlet 11 of the screw conveyor 1.
  • the screw conveyor 1 sends the aggregate out of the discharge port 13. Pass through the throwing rotor 2 and enter the inner cylinder 31 of the screening drum 3;
  • the throwing rotor 2 rotates at a high speed, and the aggregate that enters the throwing rotor 2 again is thrown out from the throwing rotor 2 at a high speed, that is, the aggregate is driven along the guide by the throwing blade 21 It accelerates in the sleeve 22 and is thrown out when it reaches the guide opening 221.
  • the guide opening 221 corresponds to the lower position of the inner cylinder 31. There is aggregate at this position, so the aggregate thrown out at high speed hits the inner cylinder 31. On the aggregate, the aggregates collide with each other and break, and the aggregates are shaped;
  • the screening drum 3 rotates, the aggregate tumbles in the inner cylinder 31, and the broken fine aggregate passes through the mesh and enters the screening space 33. Due to the expanded structure of the outer cylinder 32 and the return The material drum 4 is connected, so the fine aggregate will enter the return drum 4.
  • the return drum 4 rotates so that the return blade 41 drives the fine aggregate to lift and enter the screw conveyor again through the fine aggregate inlet 12. 1, the fine aggregate enters the throwing rotor 2 and is thrown out at high speed to hit the inner cylinder 31, and the aggregate is further impacted and broken; the contact area of the fine aggregate is small, and the instantaneous force between the aggregates is large when it hits.
  • the return of fine aggregate increases the number of thrown fine aggregate, which can more effectively impact and peel off the mortar on the surface of the aggregate.
  • the raw material conveyor 9 works intermittently, that is, after inputting a certain amount of raw materials, it pauses the transportation.
  • the return of fine aggregates causes the throwing rotor to continuously eject high-speed fine aggregates.
  • the aggregates repeatedly impact and shape and peel off surface mortar, resulting in a large amount of
  • the discharge door 42 is opened for a period of time, and the fine aggregate is discharged into the grading aggregate screen 8 for further subdivision to form various specifications of finished recycled aggregate; the raw material conveyor 9 supplies materials again, and repeats above steps.
  • the screening drum 3 rotates in the opposite direction. Due to the multiple arc-shaped screen plates 311 structure of the inner cylinder 31, the reverse rotation will cause the remaining aggregate to fall directly out of the blanking gap 312. It is convenient to remove the residual aggregate in the screening drum 3.
  • the carbon dioxide input pipe 5 transports carbon dioxide to the screening drum 3.
  • the carbon dioxide is first heated by the heater 51, so that the carbon dioxide is at a temperature that is more likely to react with the aggregate.
  • the carbon dioxide can expose more of the surface of the aggregate and surface cement slurry, allowing carbon dioxide to fully react with the aggregate and the cement slurry attached to its surface.
  • the carbon dioxide is absorbed and solidified, and the carbonization of the regenerated aggregate is enhanced.
  • the reaction principle is that carbon dioxide reacts with natural aggregates. Calcium ions, magnesium ions, iron ions, etc.
  • the outer casing 6 Since the outer casing 6 is a relatively closed space, the dust generated during the operation of the equipment can be prevented from overflowing.
  • the air inlet end of the dust collector 7 extends into the outer casing 6 to absorb the gas in the outer casing 6 and filter the dust; at the same time, the excess is not The absorbed carbon dioxide will also be inhaled by the dust collector 7.
  • the outlet end of the dust collector 7 extends into the absorption pool 71.
  • the lime water in the absorption pool 71 can react with the remaining carbon dioxide to fully fix and utilize the carbon dioxide.
  • the carbon dioxide concentration detector 71 can detect the solubility of the discharged carbon dioxide that has not been absorbed by the aggregate, and can then adjust the electronic control valve 52 of the carbon dioxide input pipe 5 to keep the carbon dioxide in the equipment within a better reaction solubility range.
  • the carbon dioxide input pipe 5 takes over the previous equipment that generates carbon dioxide tail gas.
  • the carbon dioxide in the tail gas can be absorbed and solidified, strengthening the recycled aggregate while reducing carbon emissions.
  • the carbon dioxide input pipe 5 can also be connected to the carbon dioxide storage tank.
  • the present invention is a device and method for preparing carbon-fixed reinforced regenerated aggregate based on the crushing of returned materials.
  • the throwing rotor provided at the outlet of the screw conveyor accelerates and throws the aggregate out to the inner cylinder, causing the aggregates to collide with each other.
  • the return blades of the return drum drive the fine aggregate into the screw conveyor from the fine aggregate inlet; the inlet end of the carbon dioxide input pipe is connected to the screening drum.
  • the aggregates collide with each other, crush and reshape each other, and fully react with carbon dioxide in the process, so that the carbon dioxide is absorbed and solidified, and the carbonization of the recycled aggregates is strengthened to prepare high-quality recycled aggregates.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置及方法，该装置包括螺旋输送机、抛料转子、筛分转筒、返料转筒、二氧化碳输入管；所述螺旋输送机包括原料进口、细骨料进口、出料口；所述筛分转筒包括内筒体、外筒体，抛料转子将骨料加速甩出至内筒体，使骨料相互撞击破碎；返料转筒套设于螺旋输送机外且细骨料进口处于返料转筒内，返料转筒的返料叶片带动细骨料由细骨料进口送入螺旋输送机内；所述二氧化碳输入管入端连通入筛分转筒内。骨料相互撞击破碎整形，并且在该过程中与二氧化碳充分反应，使二氧化碳被吸收固化，且对再生骨料碳化加强，制备出高质量再生骨料。

Description

一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及再生骨料回收利用技术领域，特别涉及一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置及方法。
背景技术
自第一次工业革命以来，人类的碳排放不断地加大，科学家们对人类过度的碳排放量进行了大量的研究并给出其危害和预测，因此解决碳排放问题迫在眉睫。据统计，空气中约有7％的二氧化碳气体来自于建筑行业的排放，其中混凝土制造的原料来自于大理石等原材料高温烧结而成，这一烧结过程将会向空气中排放大量的二氧化碳。骨料是制作混凝土的重要原材料之一，如果能从废弃的建筑材料中回收重复利用骨料，那么将会对减排做出巨大的贡献。
再生骨料是一项重复利用骨料的技术，能有效的减少建筑资源的浪费。然而再生骨料与原生骨料相比仍然存在性能上的差距，目前学者们正在不断研究改善再生骨料性能的方法。碳化再生骨料作为一种强化再生骨料的技术，既能吸收并封存空气中的二氧化碳，又能有效改善再生骨料的性能，具有十分广阔的前景。目前，对碳化再生骨料的研究大部分处在实验室阶段，其装置仍存在密封性不足的问题，操作员二氧化碳中毒的风险不容忽视。同时，若要在工程上对再生骨料进行加压和密闭，则不仅设备密封成本高，而且加压将消耗过大的能 量，与绿色发展的理念背道而驰。因此亟需一种适于工业化实施的再生骨料固碳强化的设备。
发明内容
为克服现有技术中的不足，本发明提供一种低成本、高效的基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置及方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，其特征在于：包括螺旋输送机、抛料转子、筛分转筒、返料转筒、二氧化碳输入管；
所述螺旋输送机设有原料进口、细骨料进口、出料口，所述抛料转子设于螺旋输送机一端，且螺旋输送机的出料口通入抛料转子内，螺旋输送机将骨料送入抛料转子内；
所述筛分转筒包括内筒体、外筒体，所述内筒体密布开设有网孔，所述外筒体套设于内筒体外，使外筒体与内筒体间形成筛料空间，所述抛料转子位于内筒体内，抛料转子将骨料加速甩出至内筒体，使骨料相互撞击破碎，细骨料穿过网孔进入筛料空间内；
所述返料转筒套设于螺旋输送机外，且螺旋输送机的细骨料进口处于返料转筒内，返料转筒内设有返料叶片，返料转筒与筛料空间连通，筛料空间内的细骨料送入返料转筒内，返料转筒的返料叶片带动细骨料由细骨料进口送入螺旋输送机内；
所述二氧化碳输入管入端连通入筛分转筒内，再生骨料吸收二氧化碳进行固碳且对再生骨料碳化加强。
进一步的，所述二氧化碳输入管上设有加热器，二氧化碳经过加热器升温后进入筛分转筒内。
进一步的，还包括外壳体、除尘器、吸收池，所述螺旋输送机、抛料转子、筛分转筒、返料转筒设于外壳体内，除尘器的进气端延伸入外壳体内，出气端延伸至吸收池内，所述吸收池内设有二氧化碳吸收溶液。
进一步的，所述二氧化碳输入管上设有电控阀，所述除尘器的出气端处设有二氧化碳浓度检测器，二氧化碳浓度检测器与电控阀信号连接。
进一步的，抛料转子与筛分转筒的旋转轴为横向延伸设置，所述抛料转子与筛分转筒偏心布置，抛料转子的轴心高于筛分转筒的轴心位置设置，所述抛料转子包括抛料叶片、导向套，所述导向套固定设置，导向套下部位置设有一导向开口，所述抛料叶片高速旋转的设于导向套内，骨料由抛料叶片带动加速并从导向开口射出。
进一步的，所述筛分转筒的外筒体呈扩口结构，使外筒体的内壁呈倾斜结构，外筒体的扩口一端朝向返料转筒，骨料于外筒体下部倾斜向下落入返料转筒内。
进一步的，所述内筒体包括若干块弧形筛板，相邻弧形筛板的端部层叠，且层叠位置间隔设置形成落料缺口，前一弧形筛板的末端处于后一弧形筛板首端的内侧，使内筒体正向旋转，骨料不通过落料缺口；内筒体反向旋转，骨料经过落料缺口排出。
进一步的，还包括分级骨料筛，所述返料转筒一侧设有出料门， 出料门连通至分级骨料筛，骨料通过出料门送入分级骨料筛内筛分。
进一步的，还包括原料输送机，所述原料输送机连通至螺旋输送机的原料进口。
一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备方法，其特征在于：基于上述任意一项所述的一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，其包括：
破碎整形工序：
a.原料由螺旋输送机的原料进口送入，螺旋输送机将骨料由出料口送出经过抛料转子并进入到筛分转筒内；
b.抛料转子高速旋转，骨料从抛料转子高速甩出，并撞击在筛分转筒的内筒体上的骨料上，骨料相互撞击破碎；
c.筛分转筒转动，破碎的细骨料穿过网孔进入筛料空间内并进入到返料转筒内，返料转筒旋转带动细骨料抬升并由细骨料进口再次进入到螺旋输送机内，细骨料进入抛料转子被高速甩出撞击内筒体的骨料，骨料进一步撞击破碎；
固碳及骨料强化工序：
与破碎整形工序同时进行，二氧化碳输入管输送二氧化碳至筛分转筒内，骨料翻滚中，使二氧化碳与骨料及其表面附着的水泥浆体充分反应，二氧化碳被吸收固化，同时再生骨料碳化加强。
由上述对本发明的描述可知，与现有技术相比，本发明提供的一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置及方法具有如下优点：
破碎后的细骨料返送入螺旋输送机，通过抛料转子再次抛射撞击骨料，细骨料体积小，撞击接触面小，其撞击时骨料间受到的瞬时作用力大，并且细骨料的返料使得抛射的细骨料数量增多，能更有效的将骨料表面的砂浆冲击剥离。
骨料反复经过筛分转筒，并且持续翻滚，骨料及其上水泥浆体的表面更多的裸露出来，使二氧化碳与骨料及其表面附着的水泥浆体充分反应，更多的二氧化碳被吸收固化，降低碳排放，同时使再生骨料碳化加强，提升了制备出的再生骨料的质量。
二氧化碳通过加热器可提高反应率，提高固碳及骨料强化效率，二氧化碳浓度检测器与电控阀反馈调整，使设备内二氧化碳保持在一较佳的反应溶度范围；吸收池能吸收未被吸收的二氧化碳，实现对二氧化碳尾气的充分利用。
筛分转筒与抛料转子偏心布置，使得抛料转子下方的内筒体具有更大的空间容纳骨料，提高处理量，抛料转子上的导向套定位骨料抛射角度，保证抛射的骨料能均撞击在内筒体的骨料上，进行有效撞击破碎，同时起到保护内筒体的作用。
内筒体采用多块弧形筛板的组合结构，且弧形筛板间形成落料缺口，该结构使得筛分转筒正转骨料不经过落料缺口，反转可进行排料，提高设备易用性及易于维护。
采用流通式碳化对碳化室的密封要求不高，更符合实际生产情况，运行成本低。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置结构示意图。
图2为本发明筛分转筒结构示意图。
图3为本发明抛料转子结构示意图。
图4为本发明返料转筒结构示意图。
图中标识对应如下：1.螺旋输送机、11.原料进口、12.细骨料进口、13.出料口、2.抛料转子、21.抛料叶片、22.导向套、221.导向开口、3.筛分转筒、31.内筒体、311.弧形筛板、312.落料缺口、32.外筒体、33.筛料空间、4.返料转筒、41.返料叶片、42.出料门、5.二氧化碳输入管、51.加热器、52.电控阀、6.外壳体、7.除尘器、71.吸收池、71.二氧化碳浓度检测器、8.分级骨料筛、9.原料输送机。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述。
参照图1至图4所示，一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，包括螺旋输送机1、抛料转子2、筛分转筒3、返料转筒4、二氧化碳输入管5、外壳体6、除尘器7、吸收池71、分级骨料筛8、原料输送机9；
所述螺旋输送机1设有原料进口11、细骨料进口12、出料口13，所述原料输送机9连通至螺旋输送机1的原料进口11，所述抛料转子2设于螺旋输送机1一端，且螺旋输送机1的出料口13通入抛料转子2内， 螺旋输送1机将骨料送入抛料转子2内；
所述筛分转筒3包括内筒体31、外筒体32，所述内筒体31密布开设有网孔，所述外筒体32套设于内筒体31外，使外筒体31与内筒体32间形成筛料空间33；所述抛料转子2位于内筒体31内，抛料转子2将骨料加速甩出至内筒体31，使骨料相互撞击破碎，细骨料穿过网孔进入筛料空间33内；抛料转子2与筛分转筒3的旋转轴为横向延伸设置，抛料转子2与筛分转筒3偏心布置，抛料转子2的轴心高于筛分转筒3的轴心位置设置，所述抛料转子2包括抛料叶片21、导向套22，所述导向套22固定设置，导向套22下部位置设有一导向开口221，所述抛料叶片21高速旋转的设于导向套22内，骨料由抛料叶片21带动加速并从导向开口221射出。该种偏心布置结构，使得抛料转子2下方的内筒体31具有更大的空间容纳骨料，提高处理量。导向套22使得骨料朝一个方向射出，保证骨料撞击于内筒体31的骨料堆积位置。内筒体31包括若干块弧形筛板311，相邻弧形筛板311的端部层叠，且层叠位置间隔设置形成落料缺口312，前一弧形筛板311的末端处于后一弧形筛板311首端的内侧，使内筒体31正向旋转，骨料不通过落料缺口312；内筒体31反向旋转，骨料经过落料缺口312排出。
所述返料转筒4套设于螺旋输送机1外，且螺旋输送机1的细骨料进口12处于返料转筒4内，返料转筒4内设有返料叶片41，返料转筒4与筛料空间33连通，筛料空间33内的细骨料送入返料转筒4内，返料转筒4的返料叶片41带动细骨料由细骨料进口12送入螺旋输送机1内；筛分转筒3的外筒体32呈扩口结构，使外筒体32的内壁呈倾斜结构， 外筒体32的扩口一端朝向返料转筒4，骨料于外筒体32下部倾斜向下落入返料转筒4内。所述返料转筒4一侧设有出料门42，出料门42连通至分级骨料筛8，骨料通过出料门42送入分级骨料筛8内筛分。
所述二氧化碳输入管5入端连通入筛分转筒3内，二氧化碳输入管5上设有加热器51，二氧化碳经过加热器51升温后进入筛分转筒3内，再生骨料吸收二氧化碳进行固碳且对再生骨料碳化加强。
所述螺旋输送机1、抛料转子2、筛分转筒3、返料转筒4设于外壳体6内，除尘器7的进气端延伸入外壳体6内，出气端延伸至吸收池71内，所述吸收池71内设有二氧化碳吸收溶液，二氧化碳吸收溶液为石灰水、氢氧化钠溶液的一种。二氧化碳输入管5上设有电控阀52，所述除尘器7的出气端处设有二氧化碳浓度检测器72，二氧化碳浓度检测器72与电控阀52信号连接。
本实施例中，所述二氧化碳输入管5通入筛分转筒3内，筛分转筒3套设于螺旋输送机1的前端，返料转筒4设于螺旋输送机1的中部，形成可联通的封闭工作空间。减少二氧化碳外泄的可能性，增加了安全性。进一步，本实施例中还包括外壳体6，所述筛分转筒3、返料转筒4、螺旋输送机形成封闭工作空间置于外壳体6，形成二次防护，且延伸入外壳体6内的除尘器7进气端，可有效的吸收二氧化碳，并在浓度超标时报警。
一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备方法，其包括：
破碎整形工序：
a.拆建垃圾经过筛分去除杂物后成为洁净原料，原料由原料输送 机9进行输送并由螺旋输送机1的原料进口11送入，螺旋输送机1将骨料由出料口13送出经过抛料转子2并进入到筛分转筒3的内筒体31内；
b.当内筒体31内具有一定骨料后，抛料转子2高速旋转，再次进入抛料转子2的骨料从抛料转子2高速甩出，即骨料经由抛料叶片21带动沿导向套22内加速，当到达导向开口221处时被甩出，导向开口221对应内筒体31的下部位置，该位置具有骨料，因此高速甩出的骨料撞击在的内筒体31上的骨料上，骨料相互撞击破碎，并进行骨料整形；
c.与此同时筛分转筒3转动，骨料于内筒体31内翻滚，破碎的细骨料穿过网孔进入筛料空间33内，由于外筒体32的扩口结构且与返料转筒4连通，因此细骨料将进入到返料转筒4内，返料转筒4旋转使其返料叶片41带动细骨料抬升并由细骨料进口12再次进入到螺旋输送机1内，细骨料进入抛料转子2被高速甩出撞击内筒体31的骨料，骨料进一步撞击破碎；细骨料接触面积小，其撞击时骨料间受到的瞬时作用力大，并且细骨料的返料使得抛射的细骨料数量增多，能更有效的将骨料表面的砂浆冲击剥离。
d.原料输送机9采用间歇式工作，即输入一定量原料后暂停输送，细骨料的返料使得抛料转子持续抛射出高速细骨料，骨料重复撞击整形、剥离表面砂浆，产生大量细骨料后，出料门42开启一段时间，将细骨料排出进入到分级骨料筛8中进行进一步细分，形成多种规格的成品再生骨料；原料输送机9再次供料，重复上述步骤。
e.当完成工作后，筛分转筒3反向旋转，由于内筒体31的多片弧 形筛板311结构，反向旋转将使剩下的骨料由落料缺口312直接落出，便于清除筛分转筒3内的残余骨料。
固碳及骨料强化工序：
与破碎整形工序同时进行，二氧化碳输入管5输送二氧化碳至筛分转筒3内，二氧化碳先经过加热器51被加热，使二氧化碳处于更易于与骨料反应的温度中，骨料翻滚且破碎过程中能将骨料及表面水泥浆体的表面更多的裸露出来，使二氧化碳与骨料及其表面附着的水泥浆体充分反应，二氧化碳被吸收固化，同时再生骨料碳化加强。反应原理为二氧化碳与天然骨料反应结合，骨料中的钙离子、镁离子、铁离子等与二氧化碳反应，生成成熟稳定固定碳酸盐；二氧化碳与骨料表面附着的水泥浆体中的氢氧化钙和水花硅酸钙反应，生成以碳酸钙和硅胶为主的反应产物，碳酸钙和硅胶填充在孔隙之中，可使再生骨料的结构更加致密，降低孔隙率及吸水率，进而提高附着水泥浆体的密度紧实度和强度。
由于外壳体6为一个相对密闭的空间，可避免设备运转过程中产生的粉尘外溢，除尘器7进气端延伸入外壳体6内吸收外壳体6内的气体可将粉尘过滤；同时多余未被吸收的二氧化碳也将由除尘器7吸入，除尘器7的出气端延伸至吸收池71内，吸收池71内的石灰水可与余下的二氧化碳反应，将二氧化碳充分固定及利用。二氧化碳浓度检测器71可检测排出未被骨料吸收的二氧化碳溶度，进而可调整二氧化碳输入管5的电控阀52，使设备内二氧化碳保持在一较佳的反应溶度范围内。
二氧化碳输入管5承接前一产生二氧化碳尾气的设备，尾气中的二氧化碳可被吸收固化，强化再生骨料的同时降低碳排放。二氧化碳输入管5亦也可以连接二氧化碳储罐。
采用流通式碳化对碳化室的密封要求不高，更符合实际生产情况，运行成本低。
上述仅为本发明的一种具体实施方式，但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此，凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动，均应属于侵犯本发明保护范围的行为。
工业实用性
本发明本一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置及方法，其设置于螺旋输送机出料口的抛料转子将骨料加速甩出至内筒体，使骨料相互撞击破碎，再由返料转筒的返料叶片带动细骨料由细骨料进口送入螺旋输送机内；所述二氧化碳输入管入端连通入筛分转筒内。骨料相互撞击破碎整形，并且在该过程中与二氧化碳充分反应，使二氧化碳被吸收固化，且对再生骨料碳化加强，制备出高质量再生骨料。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，其特征在于：包括螺旋输送机、抛料转子、筛分转筒、返料转筒、二氧化碳输入管；
    所述螺旋输送机设有原料进口、细骨料进口、出料口，所述抛料转子设于螺旋输送机一端,且螺旋输出料口通入抛料转子内；
    所述筛分转筒包括内筒体、外筒体，所述内筒体密布开设有网孔，所述外筒体套设于内筒体外，使外筒体与内筒体间形成筛料空间；所述抛料转子位于内筒体内，抛料转子将骨料加速甩出至内筒体，使骨料相互撞击破碎，细骨料穿过网孔进入筛料空间内；
    所述返料转筒套设于螺旋输送机外，且螺旋输送机的细骨料进口处于返料转筒内，返料转筒内设有返料叶片，返料转筒与筛料空间连通，筛料空间内的细骨料送入返料转筒内，返料转筒的返料叶片带动细骨料由细骨料进口送入螺旋输送机内；
    所述二氧化碳输入管入端连通入筛分转筒内，再生骨料吸收二氧化碳进行固碳且对再生骨料碳化加强。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，其特征在于：所述二氧化碳输入管上设有加热器，二氧化碳经过加热器升温后进入筛分转筒内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，其特征在于：还包括外壳体、除尘器、吸收池，所述螺旋输送机、抛料转子、筛分转筒、返料转筒设于外壳体内，除尘器的进气端延伸入外壳体内，出气端延伸至吸收池内，所述吸收池内设有二 氧化碳吸收溶液。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，其特征在于：所述二氧化碳输入管上设有电控阀，所述除尘器的出气端处设有二氧化碳浓度检测器，二氧化碳浓度检测器与电控阀信号连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，其特征在于：所述抛料转子与筛分转筒的旋转轴为横向延伸设置，所述抛料转子与筛分转筒偏心布置，抛料转子的轴心高于筛分转筒的轴心位置设置；所述抛料转子包括抛料叶片、导向套，所述导向套固定设置，导向套下部位置设有一导向开口，所述抛料叶片设于导向套内，骨料由抛料叶片带动加速并从导向开口射出。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，其特征在于：所述筛分转筒的外筒体呈扩口结构，使外筒体的内壁呈倾斜结构，外筒体的扩口一端朝向返料转筒，骨料于外筒体下部倾斜向下落入返料转筒内。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，其特征在于：所述内筒体包括若干块弧形筛板，相邻弧形筛板的端部层叠，且层叠位置间隔设置形成落料缺口，前一弧形筛板的末端处于后一弧形筛板首端的内侧，使内筒体正向旋转，骨料不通过落料缺口；内筒体反向旋转，骨料经过落料缺口排出。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，其特征在于：还包括分级骨料筛，所述返料转筒一侧设有 出料门，出料门连通至分级骨料筛，骨料通过出料门送入分级骨料筛内筛分。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，其特征在于：还包括原料输送机，所述原料输送机连通至螺旋输送机的原料进口。
  10. 根据权利要求1或3所述一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，其特征在于：所述二氧化碳输入管通入筛分转筒内，筛分转筒套设于螺旋输送机的前端，返料转筒设于螺旋输送机的中部，形成可联通的封闭工作空间；所述筛分转筒、返料转筒、螺旋输送机形成封闭工作空间置于外壳体内，且除尘器进气端延伸入外壳体内。
  11. 一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备方法，其特征在于：基于权利要求1-10任意一项所述的一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备装置，其包括：
    破碎整形工序：
    a.原料由螺旋输送机的原料进口送入，螺旋输送机将骨料由出料口送出经过抛料转子并进入到筛分转筒内；
    b.抛料转子高速旋转，骨料从抛料转子高速甩出，并撞击在筛分转筒的内筒体上的骨料上，骨料相互撞击破碎；
    c.筛分转筒转动，破碎的细骨料穿过网孔进入筛料空间内并进入到返料转筒内，返料转筒旋转带动细骨料抬升并由细骨料进口再次进入到螺旋输送机内，细骨料进入抛料转子被高速甩出撞击内筒体的骨料，骨料进一步撞击破碎；
    固碳及骨料强化工序：
    与破碎整形工序同时进行，二氧化碳输入管输送二氧化碳至筛分转筒内，骨料翻滚中，使二氧化碳与骨料及其表面附着的水泥浆体充分反应，二氧化碳被吸收固化，同时再生骨料碳化加强。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种基于返料破碎的固碳强化再生骨料制备方法，其特征在于：所述固碳及骨料强化工序多余未被吸收的二氧化碳将由除尘器吸入，除尘器的出气端延伸至吸收池内。
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