WO2023240736A1 - 一种废旧电池模组拆解机构 - Google Patents

一种废旧电池模组拆解机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023240736A1
WO2023240736A1 PCT/CN2022/106022 CN2022106022W WO2023240736A1 WO 2023240736 A1 WO2023240736 A1 WO 2023240736A1 CN 2022106022 W CN2022106022 W CN 2022106022W WO 2023240736 A1 WO2023240736 A1 WO 2023240736A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clamping
gear
fixed
rod
sliding
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2022/106022
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李爱霞
余海军
李长东
谢英豪
Original Assignee
广东邦普循环科技有限公司
湖南邦普循环科技有限公司
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Application filed by 广东邦普循环科技有限公司, 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 filed Critical 广东邦普循环科技有限公司
Priority to DE112022001535.7T priority Critical patent/DE112022001535T5/de
Priority to GB2313177.4A priority patent/GB2624501A/en
Priority to HU2300336A priority patent/HUP2300336A1/hu
Publication of WO2023240736A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023240736A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D19/00—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by rotary discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D33/00—Accessories for shearing machines or shearing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D25/20—External fittings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
    • B09B2101/15—Electronic waste
    • B09B2101/16—Batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of battery module disassembly, and in particular to a waste battery module disassembly mechanism.
  • Rechargeable batteries generally include nickel-cadmium, nickel-hydrogen and lithium-ion batteries.
  • the cadmium in nickel-cadmium batteries is one of the heavy metal elements strictly controlled by environmental protection.
  • the organic electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries, the alkali and manufacturing in nickel-cadmium and nickel-hydrogen batteries Heavy metals such as copper, the auxiliary materials of batteries, all pollute the environment.
  • the recycling of used rechargeable batteries can not only effectively protect the environment, but the recycled metal materials can also be reused, which can save the waste of resources to a certain extent.
  • the battery modules During the recycling process of existing used rechargeable batteries, the battery modules often need to be disassembled first, and then the inner core of the battery is decomposed and recycled.
  • the existing battery module disassembly methods are mostly manual disassembly. That is, after the used batteries are mechanically cut, the battery shell needs to be manually peeled off to remove the battery core contained in the shell. Therefore, the operation is not only cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also It is extremely easy to cause injury to the operator's body due to sharp cuts in the battery casing or improper operation of the cutting machine. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can automatically disassemble the battery module to solve the above problems.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a used battery module disassembly mechanism to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.
  • a waste battery module disassembly mechanism including a base plate; the top of the base plate is provided with a clamping mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a storage platform, a storage box, a traction mechanism and a linkage mechanism;
  • the clamping mechanism and the cutting mechanism are respectively located at both ends of the top of the base plate;
  • the storage platform is arranged directly below the clamping part of the clamping mechanism, the storage platform includes a movable platform and a fixed platform, and the movable platform is rotated and arranged on the fixed platform in the center;
  • the cutting part of the cutting mechanism extends to just above the movable platform of the storage platform;
  • the storage box includes an outer shell collection frame and an inner core collection frame, and the outer shell collection frame is arranged on the clamping end of the fixed platform away from the movable platform Below the mechanism, the inner core collection frame is arranged directly below the movable platform;
  • the linkage mechanism includes a sliding rod, a slide block, a linkage
  • the top of the slider is movable with two connecting arms for connecting the clamping part of the clamping mechanism;
  • the gear box is fixed at the rotation axis of the movable platform through a fixed rod, and the gear box is provided with upper and lower two
  • the two sliding rods are connected through the gears inside the gear box.
  • One end of one sliding rod is connected to the linkage frame, so that when the linkage frame slides along the sliding rod, it can push the sliding rod to drive the gear inside the gear box to rotate, and link the movable platform around it.
  • the rotating shaft rotates;
  • the traction mechanism is fixed at one end of the clamping mechanism away from the storage platform, and one end of the traction component of the traction mechanism is connected to the cutting mechanism, and the other end of the traction component is connected to the slider.
  • the arc-shaped edges of the support frame are provided with guide grooves, and the bottom of the clamping rods are provided with guide blocks that match the guide grooves, so that the clamping rods can pass through the cooperation of the guide blocks and the guide grooves. Slide displacement along the arc-shaped edge of the support frame.
  • the cutting mechanism includes a motor 2, a protective cover, a fixed plate, a blade and a telescopic rod;
  • the telescopic rod is connected to the base plate, the fixed plate is fixed on the top of the telescopic rod, and the fixed plate is far away from the bottom of one end of the telescopic rod
  • a slide rail is provided, and the protective cover is slidably arranged in the slide rail;
  • the second motor is fixed on the outside of one end of the protective cover; the blade is rotated and installed inside the protective cover and is connected to the output shaft of the second motor, so that the blade forms a cutting The cutting part of the mechanism.
  • the bottom end of the protective cover is provided with an opening, and the top end of the protective cover is provided with a sliding block that matches the slide rail.
  • At least one limiting groove is provided on the outer wall of the sliding rod for limiting the sliding stroke of the linkage frame.
  • the gear box is provided with gear one, sliding rod one, gear two, sliding rod two, gear three and gear four; the gear one and gear three are arranged on the same rotating shaft; the gear two is rotated and arranged Directly below the gear one; the gear four is arranged on the rotating shaft of the movable platform and meshes with the gear three; the sliding rod one and the sliding rod two constitute the upper and lower sliding rods of the gear box, and the sliding rod one
  • the upper end of the sliding rod is provided with a tooth groove that meshes with the gear one
  • the lower end of the sliding rod one is provided with a tooth groove that meshes with the gear two
  • the upper end of the sliding rod two is provided with a tooth groove that meshes with the gear two
  • the sliding rod One end of rod two is connected with the linkage frame.
  • the present invention adopts a clamping mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a storage platform, a storage box, a traction mechanism and a linkage mechanism, so that the clamping part of the clamping mechanism can clamp and fix the battery to be disassembled at the storage platform, and by cutting
  • the cutting part of the mechanism cuts and disassembles the battery casing, so that when moving and cutting, the cutting part of the cutting mechanism can pull the slide block of the linkage mechanism to move to one end of the storage platform through the traction mechanism, and then push the clamping mechanism through the connecting arm on the top of the slide block.
  • the clamping part moves from the movable platform to the fixed platform, so that the used battery shell fixed in the clamping part of the clamping mechanism is pulled and separated to both sides along the opening of the slot during the cutting process, so that the inner core of the battery can be free It falls on the movable platform to achieve separation from the battery casing, which reduces the tedious operations caused by manual stripping of the battery casing, improves the disassembly rate of the battery module, and avoids personal injury caused by manual stripping of the battery casing;
  • gear one, sliding rod one, gear two, sliding rod two, gear three and gear four are arranged in the gear box, so that when the slide block pushes the linkage frame to move to one end of the movable platform, it can be pushed by the sliding rod two Gear two rotates, causing gear two to drive sliding rod one to move and push gear one and gear three to rotate synchronously, so that the rotating gear three engages gear four to rotate, thereby rotating the rotation axis of the movable platform, thereby realizing the downward turning operation of the movable platform.
  • the separated battery cores can be automatically unloaded and collected centrally;
  • Figure 1 is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention after removing the cutting mechanism
  • Clamping mechanism 2 base 21, motor 22, screw 23, slide 24, support frame 25, guide groove 251, movable splint 26, clamping rod 27, guide block 271;
  • Cutting mechanism 3 motor 2 31, protective cover 32, sliding block 321, fixed plate 33, blade 34, telescopic rod 35;
  • Storage platform 4 movable platform 41, fixed platform 42;
  • Storage box 5 outer shell collection frame 51, inner core collection frame 52;
  • Traction mechanism 6 mounting plate 61, guide wheel one 62, guide wheel two 63, traction rope 64, tension wheel 65;
  • a used battery module disassembly mechanism includes a base plate 1; the top of the base plate 1 is provided with a clamping mechanism 2, a cutting mechanism 3, a storage platform 4, a storage box 5, a traction mechanism 6 and Linkage mechanism 7; the clamping mechanism 2 and the cutting mechanism 3 are respectively located at both ends of the top of the base plate 1; the storage platform 4 is provided just below the clamping part of the clamping mechanism 2, and the storage platform 4 includes a movable platform 41 and The fixed platform 42 is fixed, and the movable platform 41 is rotated in the center of the fixed platform 42; the cutting part of the cutting mechanism 3 extends to just above the movable platform 41 of the storage platform 4; the storage box 5 includes a shell collection frame 51 and an inner core Collection frame 52, the outer shell collection frame 51 is disposed below the clamping mechanism 2 at the end of the fixed platform 42 away from the movable platform 41, the inner core collection frame 52 is disposed directly below the movable platform 41; the linkage mechanism 7 includes a sliding
  • Slider 73, linkage frame 74 and gear box 75 the slider 72 is arranged along the length direction of the substrate 1 between the inner core collection frame 52 and the fixed end of the cutting mechanism 3; the slider 73 and the linkage frame 74 are both Slide is provided on the sliding rod 72, the linkage frame 74 is located between the inner core collection frame 52 and the sliding block 73, and a spring 71 is set on the outside of the sliding rod 72 between the sliding block 73 and the fixed end of the cutting mechanism 3;
  • the top of the slider 73 is movable with two connecting arms 731 for connecting the clamping part of the clamping mechanism 2;
  • the gear box 75 is fixed at the rotation axis of the movable platform 41 through a fixed rod, and the gear box 75 is provided with upper and lower Two sliding rods are connected through gears inside the gear box 75.
  • One end of one sliding rod is connected to the linkage frame 74, so that when the linkage frame 74 slides along the sliding rod 72, the sliding rod can be pushed to drive the internal gear of the gear box 75 to operate.
  • the parallel-linked movable platform 41 rotates around its axis of rotation; the traction mechanism 6 is fixed at one end of the clamping mechanism 2 away from the storage platform 4, and one end of the traction member of the traction mechanism 6 is connected to the cutting mechanism 3, and the other end of the traction member is connected to the sliding mechanism 3.
  • Block 73 is connected; wherein, the clamping part of the clamping mechanism 2 can clamp and fix the battery to be disassembled at the storage platform 4, so that the cutting path of the cutting part of the cutting mechanism 3 is located at the waist of the multiple cells of the battery to be disassembled.
  • connection The arm 731 will push the clamping part of the clamping mechanism 2 to move from the movable platform 41 to the fixed platform 42, so that the used batteries fixed in the clamping part of the clamping mechanism 2 can move to both sides along the opening of the slot on the casing. Pull, causing the battery shell to open to both sides, so that the battery core can fall on the movable platform 41 to separate from the battery shell; when the slider 73 moves to the linkage frame 74, the linkage frame 74 will be pushed to slide along the slide rod 72.
  • the lower sliding rod provided in the gear box 75 moves, and promotes the operation of the gear inside the gear box 75, and the upper sliding rod in the linkage gear box 75 moves, so that the movable platform 41 can rotate around under the operation of the gear inside the gear box 75.
  • Its rotation axis rotates so that the battery core falling on the movable platform 41 can fall into the core collection frame 52 with the flipped movable platform 41, and the battery shell fixed at the clamping part of the clamping mechanism 2 can move to At the casing collection frame 51, as the clamping part of the clamping mechanism 2 becomes loose, it falls and is collected in the casing collection frame 51, so that after the device dismantles the used batteries, the battery casings and battery cores can be sorted and collected, thereby reducing the need for manual stripping of batteries.
  • the cumbersome operation caused by the casing improves the disassembly rate of the battery module and avoids personal injury caused by manually peeling off the battery casing;
  • the two supporting frames 25 are respectively fixed on the tops of the two sliding seats 24, the two supporting frames 25 are in a fan-shaped structure, and the two supporting frames 25 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis in the length direction of the substrate 1;
  • the clamping rods 27 are respectively fixed above the two support frames 25, and each clamping rod 27 can move along the arc edge of the support frame 25 below.
  • One end of the clamping rod 27 is movably connected to the connecting arm 731.
  • the bottom end of the protective cover 32 is provided with an opening, and the top end of the protective cover 32 is provided with a sliding block 321 that matches the slide rail; wherein, the opening of the protective cover 32 is used to expose the blade 34 so that the blade 34 can not only have a certain protective structure to reduce damage to the blade 34 from flying debris when the blade 34 is cutting, but also ensure that the blade 34 has sufficient position to contact the battery shell, so that the battery shell can be cut through the exposed blade 34 ;
  • the traction mechanism 6 includes a mounting plate 61, two guide wheels 62, two guide wheels 63, a traction rope 64 and a tensioning wheel 65;
  • the mounting plate 61 is connected to In the middle of the base plate 1 on the side of the base 21 away from the support frame 25;
  • the two guide wheels 62 are respectively fixed on the upper and lower ends of the mounting plate 61 facing the base 21;
  • the two guide wheels 63 are fixed on the two supports.
  • the tension wheel 65 is fixed on one end of the protective cover 32; one end of the traction rope 64 is connected to the tension wheel 65, and the other end passes through the two guide wheels 62 in sequence and is divided into two
  • the ropes extend to the two guide wheels 263 respectively, and then extend from the two guide wheels 263 to both sides of the slider 73 and connect with the slider 73, so that the traction rope 64 can form a traction component to connect the cutting mechanism 3 and the slider 73.
  • the connecting arm 731 promotes the rotation of the clamping rod 27 to realize the movement of the clamping rod 27 along the arc edge of the support frame 25; and the guide wheel 62 and the guide wheel 2 63 can be used to guide the traction rope 64 to ensure that the traction rope 64 can Stably connected between the cutting mechanism 3 and the slider 73 to ensure the stable movement of the traction rope 64;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，包括基板；所述基板顶部设有装夹机构、切割机构、置物平台、收纳盒、牵引机构和联动机构；所述联动机构包括滑竿、滑块、联动架和齿轮盒；所述牵引机构固定在装夹机构远离置物平台的一端，且牵引机构的牵引件一端与切割机构连接，牵引件的另一端与滑块连接。本发明通过采用装夹机构、切割机构、置物平台、收纳盒、牵引机构和联动机构，使装夹机构可以对待拆解电池进行装夹固定，使切割机构的切割部在对电池外壳进行移动切割时，可以通过牵引机构拉动联动机构的连接臂转动，进而推动装夹机构的装夹部转动，使得废旧电池可以沿着外壳上切槽的开口向两侧拉扯、分掰，实现电池内芯与电池外壳的自动分离。

Description

一种废旧电池模组拆解机构 技术领域
本发明涉及电池模组拆解技术领域，特别涉及一种废旧电池模组拆解机构。
背景技术
充电电池一般包括镍镉、镍氢和锂离子电池，而镍镉电池中的镉是环保严格控制的重金属元素之一，锂离子电池中的有机电解质，镍镉、镍氢电池中的碱和制造电池的辅助材料铜等重金属，都构成对环境的污染。而废旧的充电电池回收不仅可以有效的保护环境，回收的金属物质还可以重复利用，可以一定程度上的节约资源的浪费。
现有的废旧充电电池在回收过程中，往往需要先进行电池模组的拆解，再对电池内芯进行分解回收。而现有的电池模组拆解方式多为人工拆解，即废旧电池通过机械切割后，需要人工手动剥离电池外壳，才能取出外壳中包含的电池内芯，因此不仅操作繁琐，费时费力，而且极易因电池外壳的锋利切口或切割机的不当操作对操作人员的身体造成伤害，因此急需一种可以自动拆解电池模组的设备，来解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，以解决上述背景技术中提到的问题。
为了达成上述目的，本发明的解决方案为：一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，包括基板；所述基板顶部设有装夹机构、切割机构、置物平台、收纳盒、牵引机构和联动机构；所述装夹机构和切割机构分别位于基板顶部两端；所述置物平台设置在装夹机构的装夹部正下方，所述置物平台包括活动平台和固定平台，且活动平台转动设置在固定平台的中央；所述切割机构的切割部延 伸至置物平台的活动平台正上方；所述收纳盒包括外壳收集框和内芯收集框，所述外壳收集框设置在固定平台远离活动平台一端的装夹机构下方，所述内芯收集框设置在活动平台的正下方；所述联动机构包括滑竿、滑块、联动架和齿轮盒；所述滑竿沿基板长度方向设置在内芯收集框和切割机构的固定端之间；所述滑块和联动架均滑动设置在滑竿上，所述联动架位于内芯收集框与滑块之间，所述滑块与切割机构固定端之间的滑竿外侧套设有弹簧；所述滑块顶部活动设有两连接臂，用于连接装夹机构的装夹部；所述齿轮盒通过固定杆固定在活动平台的转动轴处，且齿轮盒中设有上下两个滑动杆，两滑动杆通过齿轮盒内部的齿轮连接，其中一滑动杆一端与联动架连接，使联动架沿滑竿滑动位移时可以推动滑动杆带动齿轮盒内部齿轮运转，并联动活动平台绕其转动轴旋转；所述牵引机构固定在装夹机构远离置物平台的一端，且牵引机构的牵引件一端与切割机构连接，牵引件的另一端与滑块连接。
进一步地，所述装夹机构包括基座、电机一、螺杆、两滑座、两支撑架和两装夹杆；所述基座沿基板的宽度方向设置；所述电机一固定在基座的一端；所述螺杆沿基座的设置方向设置在基座的内部，且螺杆的一端与电机一的输出轴连接；两所述滑座均套装在螺杆的外侧并与基座滑动连接，使螺杆旋转过程中可以带动两滑座同步向基座中央移动或向基座两端移动；两所述支撑架分别固定在两滑座的顶部，两所述支撑架均呈扇形结构，且两支撑架关于基板长度方向的中心轴线对称设置；两所述装夹杆分别固定在两支撑架上方，且每个装夹杆均可沿其下方支撑架的弧形边移动，所述装夹杆的一端与连接臂活动连接，所述装夹杆靠近切割机构的一侧均设有活动夹板，使装夹杆形成装夹机构的装夹部，用于废旧电池的固定装夹。
更进一步地，所述支撑架的弧形边上均设有导向槽，所述装夹杆底部均设有与导向槽相匹配的导向块，使装夹杆可以通过导向块与导向槽的配合沿支撑架的弧形边滑动位移。
进一步地，所述外壳收集框位于支撑架的扇形槽正下方；所述装夹杆沿 支撑架的弧形边滑动位移时，活动夹板的装夹间隙始终位于外壳收集框的开口范围内。
进一步地，所述切割机构包括电机二、防护罩、固定板、刀片和伸缩杆；所述伸缩杆与基板连接，所述固定板固定在伸缩杆的顶端，且固定板远离伸缩杆的一端底部设有滑轨，所述防护罩滑动设置在滑轨中；所述电机二固定在防护罩一端的外侧；所述刀片转动设置在防护罩内侧并与电机二的输出轴连接，使刀片形成切割机构的切割部。
更进一步地，所述防护罩的底端设有开口，且防护罩的顶端设有与滑轨相匹配的滑动块。
进一步地，所述牵引机构包括安装板、两导轮一、两导轮二、牵引绳和张紧轮；所述安装板连接在基座远离支撑架一侧的基板中部；两所述导轮一分别固定在安装板面向基座一侧的上下两端；两所述导轮二固定在两支撑架中部的正下方；所述张紧轮固定在防护罩的一端；所述牵引绳的一端与张紧轮连接，另一端依次穿过两导轮一后分为两根绳索分别延伸至两导轮二处，再由两导轮二处延伸至滑块的两侧并与滑块连接，使牵引绳可以形成牵引件连接切割机构和滑块。
更进一步地，所述滑块的两侧均设有连杆，用于连接牵引绳的两根绳索。
进一步地，所述滑竿的外侧壁上至少设有一限位槽，用于限制联动架的滑动行程。
进一步地，所述齿轮盒内部设有齿轮一、滑动杆一、齿轮二、滑动杆二、齿轮三和齿轮四；所述齿轮一和齿轮三设置在同一转动轴上；所述齿轮二转动设置在齿轮一的正下方；所述齿轮四设置在活动平台的转动轴上并与齿轮三相互啮合；所述滑动杆一和滑动杆二构成齿轮盒的上下两个滑动杆，所述滑动杆一的上端设有与齿轮一相互啮合的齿槽，且滑动杆一的下端设有与齿轮二相互啮合的齿槽，所述滑动杆二的上端设有与齿轮二相互啮合的齿槽，且滑动杆二的一端与联动架连接。
本发明对照现有技术的有益效果是：
(1)本发明通过采用装夹机构、切割机构、置物平台、收纳盒、牵引机构和联动机构，使装夹机构的装夹部可以将待拆解电池装夹固定在置物平台处，通过切割机构的切割部对电池外壳进行切割拆解，使切割机构的切割部在移动切割时可以通过牵引机构拉动联动机构的滑块向置物平台一端移动，进而通过滑块顶部的连接臂推动装夹机构的装夹部由活动平台处向固定平台处移动，使得固定在装夹机构装夹部中废旧电池外壳在切割过程中沿切槽的开口向两侧拉扯、分掰，使电池内芯可以自由落在活动平台上，实现与电池外壳的分离，减少了人工剥离电池外壳带来的繁琐操作，提高了电池模组的拆解速率，避免了人工剥离电池外壳带来的人身伤害；
(2)本发明通过在齿轮盒中设置齿轮一、滑动杆一、齿轮二、滑动杆二、齿轮三、齿轮四，使滑块推动联动架向活动平台一端移动时，可以通过滑动杆二推动齿轮二旋转，使齿轮二带动滑动杆一移动并推动齿轮一和齿轮三同步旋转，以便通过旋转的齿轮三咬合齿轮四旋转，进而使活动平台的转动轴旋转，实现活动平台的下翻操作，使分离的电池内芯可以自动下料并集中收集；
(3)本发明通过采用基座、电机一、螺杆、滑座、支撑架、活动夹板和装夹杆构成装夹机构，使装夹机构可以通过电机一转动带动螺杆旋转，通过两滑座的移动带动装夹杆移动，以便通过装夹杆形成装夹机构的装夹部对不同尺寸的废旧电池进行装夹固定，保证电池在受切割机构切割时不会产生打滑错位的现象，确保了电池的稳定拆解；
(4)本发明通过采用电机二、防护罩、固定板、刀片、伸缩杆构成切割机构，使刀片可以通过防护罩在固定板上的移动以及伸缩杆的升降，改变实际切割高度和切割位置，以便切割机构可以根据待拆解电池的尺寸进行适应性调整，满足不同尺寸电池的切割拆解需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明的俯视结构示意图；
图2为本发明的正剖结构示意图；
图3为本发明去除切割机构后的俯视结构示意图；
图4为本发明图3中A-A处剖面结构示意图；
图5为本发明图4中B处放大结构示意图。
附图中，各标号所代表的部件列表如下：
基板1；
装夹机构2、基座21、电机一22、螺杆23、滑座24、支撑架25、导向槽251、活动夹板26、装夹杆27、导向块271；
切割机构3、电机二31、防护罩32、滑动块321、固定板33、刀片34、伸缩杆35；
置物平台4、活动平台41、固定平台42；
收纳盒5、外壳收集框51、内芯收集框52；
牵引机构6、安装板61、导轮一62、导轮二63、牵引绳64、张紧轮65；
联动机构7、弹簧71、滑竿72、限位槽721、滑块73、连接臂731、连杆732、联动架74、齿轮盒75、齿轮一751、滑动杆一752、齿轮二753、滑动杆二754、齿轮三755、齿轮四756。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例一：
如图1-5所示，一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，包括基板1；所述基板1顶 部设有装夹机构2、切割机构3、置物平台4、收纳盒5、牵引机构6和联动机构7；所述装夹机构2和切割机构3分别位于基板1顶部两端；所述置物平台4设置在装夹机构2的装夹部正下方，所述置物平台4包括活动平台41和固定平台42，且活动平台41转动设置在固定平台42的中央；所述切割机构3的切割部延伸至置物平台4的活动平台41正上方；所述收纳盒5包括外壳收集框51和内芯收集框52，所述外壳收集框51设置在固定平台42远离活动平台41一端的装夹机构2下方，所述内芯收集框52设置在活动平台41的正下方；所述联动机构7包括滑竿72、滑块73、联动架74和齿轮盒75；所述滑竿72沿基板1长度方向设置在内芯收集框52和切割机构3的固定端之间；所述滑块73和联动架74均滑动设置在滑竿72上，所述联动架74位于内芯收集框52与滑块73之间，所述滑块73与切割机构3固定端之间的滑竿72外侧套设有弹簧71；所述滑块73顶部活动设有两连接臂731，用于连接装夹机构2的装夹部；所述齿轮盒75通过固定杆固定在活动平台41的转动轴处，且齿轮盒75中设有上下两个滑动杆，两滑动杆通过齿轮盒75内部的齿轮连接，其中一滑动杆一端与联动架74连接，使联动架74沿滑竿72滑动位移时可以推动滑动杆带动齿轮盒75内部齿轮运转，并联动活动平台41绕其转动轴旋转；所述牵引机构6固定在装夹机构2远离置物平台4的一端，且牵引机构6的牵引件一端与切割机构3连接，牵引件的另一端与滑块73连接；其中，装夹机构2的装夹部可以将待拆解电池装夹固定在置物平台4处，使切割机构3切割部的切割路径位于待拆解电池的多个电芯的腰线处，确保切割机构3切割部运动过程中可以沿电池内芯腰线处割开，使电池外壳拆解后内部的多个电池内芯均可以自然掉落在活动平台41处；因牵引机构6的牵引件与切割机构3以及滑块73连接，所以当切割机构3的切割部调整至合适位置并使牵引件在切割机构3以及滑块73之间张紧后，随着切割机构3切割部的移动切割(切割机构3切割部由置物平台4一端向切割机构3的固定端移动)， 滑块73会在牵引件的作用下沿着滑竿72向置物平台4一端移动，此时，连接臂731会推动装夹机构2的装夹部由活动平台41处向固定平台42处移动，进而使得固定在装夹机构2装夹部中废旧电池可以沿着外壳上切槽的开口向两侧拉扯，促使电池外壳向两侧掰开，使电池内芯可以落在活动平台41上实现与电池外壳的分离；当滑块73移动至联动架74处后会推动联动架74沿滑竿72滑动，使得齿轮盒75中设有的下端滑动杆移动，并推动齿轮盒75内部的齿轮运转，联动齿轮盒75中的上端滑动杆移动，使活动平台41可以在齿轮盒75内部的齿轮运转作用下绕其转动轴旋转，以便落在活动平台41上的电池内芯可以随着翻转的活动平台41下落到内芯收集框52中，而固定在装夹机构2装夹部处的电池外壳可以移动至外壳收集框51处，随着装夹机构2装夹部的松动掉落在外壳收集框51中收集，以便装置拆解废旧电池后可以实现电池外壳与电池内芯的分类收集，减少了人工剥离电池外壳带来的繁琐操作，提高了电池模组的拆解速率，避免了人工剥离电池外壳带来的人身伤害；
如图1-4所示，本实施例中，所述装夹机构2包括基座21、电机一22、螺杆23、两滑座24、两支撑架25和两装夹杆27；所述基座21沿基板1的宽度方向设置；所述电机一22固定在基座21的一端；所述螺杆23沿基座21的设置方向设置在基座21的内部，且螺杆23的一端与电机一22的输出轴连接；两所述滑座24均套装在螺杆23的外侧并与基座21滑动连接，使螺杆23旋转过程中可以带动两滑座24同步向基座21中央移动或向基座21两端移动；两所述支撑架25分别固定在两滑座24的顶部，两所述支撑架25均呈扇形结构，且两支撑架25关于基板1长度方向的中心轴线对称设置；两所述装夹杆27分别固定在两支撑架25上方，且每个装夹杆27均可沿其下方支撑架25的弧形边移动，所述装夹杆27的一端与连接臂731活动连接，所述装夹杆27靠近切割机构3的一侧均设有活动夹板26，使装夹杆27形成装夹机构2的装夹部，用于废旧电池的固定装夹；其中，电机一22转动时可以带动螺杆23 旋转，两滑座24会螺杆23的作用下沿着基座21的设置方向同步向基座21中央移动或向基座21两端移动，以便调节两装夹杆27之间间距，进而通过两装夹杆27形成装夹机构2的装夹部对不同尺寸的废旧电池进行装夹固定；本实施例中，所述装夹杆27上设有用于调节活动夹板26间距的驱动件(图中未示出)，使活动夹板26也可以根据废旧电池的外壳尺寸进行适应性调节，以便废旧电池固定在两装夹杆27之间时，可以通过装夹杆27上的活动夹板26对电池另外两侧进行装夹，提高电池在装夹杆27上装夹的稳定性，从而使得废旧电池可以在置物平台4上稳定装夹，保证电池在受切割机构3切割时不会产生打滑错位的现象，确保了电池的稳定拆解；
本实施例中，所述支撑架25的弧形边上均设有导向槽251，所述装夹杆27底部均设有与导向槽251相匹配的导向块271，使装夹杆27可以通过导向块271与导向槽251的配合沿支撑架25的弧形边滑动位移；其中，支撑架25既可以作为支撑件支撑装夹杆27，又可以在装夹杆27受连接臂731推动时使装夹杆27可以沿着支撑架25的弧形边滑动位移，确保装夹杆27在电池模组拆解过程中可以在电池外壳切口处形成一个向外的牵引力，促使电池外壳沿切口方向向两侧掰开，实现电池外壳与电池内芯的分离；而导向槽251和导向块271的设置可以提升支撑架25与装夹杆27之间的连接性，确保装夹杆27可以沿着支撑架25的弧形边稳定滑动；
如图1、4所示，本实施例中，所述外壳收集框51位于支撑架25的扇形槽正下方；所述装夹杆27沿支撑架25的弧形边滑动位移时，活动夹板26的装夹间隙始终位于外壳收集框51的开口范围内；其中，特殊位置的外壳收集框51可以在装夹杆27沿支撑架25的弧形边滑动位移时，始终保持活动夹板26中央装夹的电池外壳位于外壳收集框51的开口范围内，以便活动夹板26松动后，电池外壳可以直接落入外壳收集框51中进行集中收集；
如1、2所示，本实施例中，所述切割机构3包括电机二31、防护罩32、 固定板33、刀片34和伸缩杆35；所述伸缩杆35与基板1连接，所述固定板33固定在伸缩杆35的顶端，且固定板33远离伸缩杆35的一端底部设有滑轨，所述防护罩32滑动设置在滑轨中；所述电机二31固定在防护罩32一端的外侧；所述刀片34转动设置在防护罩32内侧并与电机二31的输出轴连接，使刀片34形成切割机构3的切割部；其中，伸缩杆35可以采用电动推杆、液压缸、气缸中的一种，优选为液压缸，使伸缩杆35可以带动固定板33升降，进而改变刀片34的实际切割高度，满足不同尺寸废旧电池的切割需求；而防护罩32可以沿固定板33的滑轨移动，以便电机二31带动刀片34旋转时，可以通过防护罩32带动刀片34位移，通过移动的刀片34形成切割线，来对废旧电池的外壳进行移动切割；
本实施例中，所述防护罩32的底端设有开口，且防护罩32的顶端设有与滑轨相匹配的滑动块321；其中，防护罩32的开口用于外露刀片34，使刀片34既能具有一定的防护结构，减少刀片34切割时飞溅碎屑对刀片34的损伤，又能确保刀片34拥有足够的位置与电池外壳的接触，以便通过外露的刀片34对电池外壳进行切割操作；
如图2、3所示，本实施例中，所述牵引机构6包括安装板61、两导轮一62、两导轮二63、牵引绳64和张紧轮65；所述安装板61连接在基座21远离支撑架25一侧的基板1中部；两所述导轮一62分别固定在安装板61面向基座21一侧的上下两端；两所述导轮二63固定在两支撑架25中部的正下方；所述张紧轮65固定在防护罩32的一端；所述牵引绳64的一端与张紧轮65连接，另一端依次穿过两导轮一62后分为两根绳索分别延伸至两导轮二63处，再由两导轮二63处延伸至滑块73的两侧并与滑块73连接，使牵引绳64可以形成牵引件连接切割机构3和滑块73；其中，张紧轮65可以在装夹机构2的装夹部与切割机构3的切割部调整到合适位置后收紧牵引绳64，使固定板33、滑块73、连接臂731以及装夹杆27之间均处于张紧状态，确保切割 机构3的防护罩32移动时可以拉动牵引绳64进而牵引滑块73在滑竿72上移动，以便滑块73移动时可以改变连接臂731的角度从而使连接臂731推动装夹杆27转动，实现装夹杆27沿支撑架25弧形边的移动操作；而导轮一62和导轮二63可以用于引导牵引绳64，确保牵引绳64可以稳定连接在切割机构3和滑块73之间，保证牵引绳64的稳定移动；
本实施例中，所述滑块73的两侧均设有连杆732，用于连接牵引绳64的两根绳索；其中，连杆732可以确保滑块73与牵引绳64的两根绳索稳定连接，确保牵引绳64可以在切割机构3的防护罩32移动时拉动滑块73移动；
如图2所示，本实施例中，所述滑竿72的外侧壁上至少设有一限位槽721，用于限制联动架74的滑动行程；其中，限位槽721的个数优选为三个，且三个限位槽721等间距设置在滑竿72的外侧壁上，使联动架74可以通过限位槽721与滑竿72滑动连接，并限制了联动架74的运动行程(即限制了活动平台41的翻转角度)；
如图4、5所示，本实施例中，所述齿轮盒75内部设有齿轮一751、滑动杆一752、齿轮二753、滑动杆二754、齿轮三755和齿轮四756；所述齿轮一751和齿轮三755设置在同一转动轴上；所述齿轮二753转动设置在齿轮一751的正下方；所述齿轮四756设置在活动平台41的转动轴上并与齿轮三755相互啮合；所述滑动杆一752和滑动杆二754构成齿轮盒75的上下两个滑动杆，所述滑动杆一752的上端设有与齿轮一751相互啮合的齿槽，且滑动杆一752的下端设有与齿轮二753相互啮合的齿槽，所述滑动杆二754的上端设有与齿轮二753相互啮合的齿槽，且滑动杆二754的一端与联动架74连接；其中，联动架74可以与滑块73磁吸连接，且弹簧71的弹力大于联动架74与滑块73的磁吸力，使滑块73与联动架74贴合后可以磁吸固定，使滑块73向活动平台41一端移动时可以推动联动架74同步移动，并在张紧轮65松动牵引绳64后，使滑块73在弹簧71作用下复位时，联动架74可以在 滑块73的作用下同步复位，直至联动架74滑动至限位槽721的末端后与滑块73分离，实现了滑块73与联动架74的完全复位；而当滑块73推动联动架74向活动平台41一端移动时，滑动杆二754与联动架74的移动方向相同，移动的滑动杆二754会推动齿轮二753旋转，使齿轮二753带动滑动杆一752向切割机构3的固定端移动，使得齿轮一751和齿轮三755同步旋转，以便通过旋转的齿轮三755咬合齿轮四756旋转，进而使活动平台41的转动轴旋转，实现活动平台41的下翻操作，使落在活动平台41上的电池内芯可以自动下落到内芯收集框52中集中收集；
综上，本发明所提供的一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，通过采用装夹机构2、切割机构3、置物平台4、收纳盒5、牵引机构6和联动机构7，使装夹机构2的装夹部可以将待拆解电池装夹固定在置物平台4处，通过切割机构3的切割部对电池外壳进行切割拆解，使切割机构3的切割部在移动切割时可以通过牵引机构6拉动联动机构7的滑块73向置物平台4一端移动，进而通过滑块73顶部的连接臂731会推动装夹机构2的装夹部由活动平台41处向固定平台42处移动，使得固定在装夹机构2装夹部中废旧电池可以沿着外壳上切槽的开口向两侧拉扯、分掰，使电池内芯可以自由落在活动平台41上，实现与电池外壳的分离；而滑块73在移动过程中会推动联动架74带动齿轮盒75内部的齿轮运转，使活动平台41可以在齿轮盒75内部的齿轮运转作用下绕其转动轴旋转，以便落在活动平台41上的电池内芯可以随着翻转的活动平台41下落到内芯收集框52中，固定在装夹机构2装夹部处的电池外壳可以移动至外壳收集框51处掉落，使装置拆解废旧电池后可以实现电池外壳与电池内芯的分类收集，减少了人工剥离电池外壳带来的操作繁琐，提高了电池模组的拆解速率，避免了人工剥离电池外壳带来的人身伤害。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描 述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不应理解为必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例进行接合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，包括基板(1)；其特征在于：所述基板(1)顶部设有装夹机构(2)、切割机构(3)、置物平台(4)、收纳盒(5)、牵引机构(6)和联动机构(7)；所述装夹机构(2)和切割机构(3)分别位于基板(1)顶部两端；所述置物平台(4)设置在装夹机构(2)的装夹部正下方，所述置物平台(4)包括活动平台(41)和固定平台(42)，且活动平台(41)转动设置在固定平台(42)的中央；所述切割机构(3)的切割部延伸至置物平台(4)的活动平台(41)正上方；所述收纳盒(5)包括外壳收集框(51)和内芯收集框(52)，所述外壳收集框(51)设置在固定平台(42)远离活动平台(41)一端的装夹机构(2)下方，所述内芯收集框(52)设置在活动平台(41)的正下方；所述联动机构(7)包括滑竿(72)、滑块(73)、联动架(74)和齿轮盒(75)；所述滑竿(72)沿基板(1)长度方向设置在内芯收集框(52)和切割机构(3)的固定端之间；所述滑块(73)和联动架(74)均滑动设置在滑竿(72)上，所述联动架(74)位于内芯收集框(52)与滑块(73)之间，所述滑块(73)与切割机构(3)固定端之间的滑竿(72)外侧套设有弹簧(71)；所述滑块(73)顶部活动设有两连接臂(731)，用于连接装夹机构(2)的装夹部；所述齿轮盒(75)通过固定杆固定在活动平台(41)的转动轴处，且齿轮盒(75)中设有上下两个滑动杆，两滑动杆通过齿轮盒(75)内部的齿轮连接，其中一滑动杆一端与联动架(74)连接，使联动架(74)沿滑竿(72)滑动位移时可以推动滑动杆带动齿轮盒(75)内部齿轮运转，并联动活动平台(41)绕其转动轴旋转；所述牵引机构(6)固定在装夹机构(2)远离置物平台(4)的一端，且牵引机构(6)的牵引件一端与切割机构(3)连接，牵引件的另一端与滑块(73)连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，其特征在于：所述装夹机构(2)包括基座(21)、电机一(22)、螺杆(23)、两滑座(24)、两支撑架(25)和两装夹杆(27)；所述基座(21)沿基板(1)的宽度方向设置；所述电机一(22)固定在基座(21)的一端；所述螺杆(23)沿基座(21)的设置方向设置在基座(21)的内部，且螺杆(23)的一端与电机一(22)的输出轴连接；两所述滑座(24)均套装在螺杆(23)的外侧并与基座(21)滑动连接，使螺杆(23)旋转过程中可以带动两滑座(24)同步向基座(21)中央移动或向基座(21)两端移动；两所述支撑架(25)分别固定在两滑座(24)的顶部，两所述支撑架(25)均呈扇形结构，且两支撑架(25)关于基板(1)长度方向的中心轴线对称设置；两所述装夹杆(27)分别固定在两支撑架(25)上方，且每个装夹杆(27)均可沿其下方支撑架(25)的弧形边移动，所述装夹杆(27)的一端与连接臂(731)活动连接，所述装夹杆(27)靠近切割机构(3)的一侧均设有活动夹板(26)，使装夹杆(27)形成装夹机构(2)的装夹部，用于废旧电池的固定装夹。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，其特征在于：所述支撑架(25)的弧形边上均设有导向槽(251)，所述装夹杆(27)底部均设有与导向槽(251)相匹配的导向块(271)，使装夹杆(27)可以通过导向块(271)与导向槽(251)的配合沿支撑架(25)的弧形边滑动位移。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，其特征在于：所述外壳收集框(51)位于支撑架(25)的扇形槽正下方；所述装夹杆(27)沿支撑架(25)的弧形边滑动位移时，活动夹板(26)的装夹间隙始终位于外壳收集框(51)的开口范围内。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，其特征在于：所述切割机构(3)包括电机二(31)、防护罩(32)、固定板(33)、刀片(34)和伸缩杆(35)；所述伸缩杆(35)与基板(1)连接，所述固定板(33)固 定在伸缩杆(35)的顶端，且固定板(33)远离伸缩杆(35)的一端底部设有滑轨，所述防护罩(32)滑动设置在滑轨中；所述电机二(31)固定在防护罩(32)一端的外侧；所述刀片(34)转动设置在防护罩(32)内侧并与电机二(31)的输出轴连接，使刀片(34)形成切割机构(3)的切割部。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，其特征在于：所述防护罩(32)的底端设有开口，且防护罩(32)的顶端设有与滑轨相匹配的滑动块(321)。
  7. 如权利要求5或6所述的一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，其特征在于：所述牵引机构(6)包括安装板(61)、两导轮一(62)、两导轮二(63)、牵引绳(64)和张紧轮(65)；所述安装板(61)连接在基座(21)远离支撑架(25)一侧的基板(1)中部；两所述导轮一(62)分别固定在安装板(61)面向基座(21)一侧的上下两端；两所述导轮二(63)固定在两支撑架(25)中部的正下方；所述张紧轮(65)固定在防护罩(32)的一端；所述牵引绳(64)的一端与张紧轮(65)连接，另一端依次穿过两导轮一(62)后分为两根绳索分别延伸至两导轮二(63)处，再由两导轮二(63)处延伸至滑块(73)的两侧并与滑块(73)连接，使牵引绳(64)可以形成牵引件连接切割机构(3)和滑块(73)。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，其特征在于：所述滑块(73)的两侧均设有连杆(732)，用于连接牵引绳(64)的两根绳索。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，其特征在于：所述滑竿(72)的外侧壁上至少设有一限位槽(721)，用于限制联动架(74)的滑动行程。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的一种废旧电池模组拆解机构，其特征在于：所述齿轮盒(75)内部设有齿轮一(751)、滑动杆一(752)、齿轮二(753)、滑动杆二(754)、齿轮三(755)和齿轮四(756)；所述齿轮一(751)和 齿轮三(755)设置在同一转动轴上；所述齿轮二(753)转动设置在齿轮一(751)的正下方；所述齿轮四(756)设置在活动平台(41)的转动轴上并与齿轮三(755)相互啮合；所述滑动杆一(752)和滑动杆二(754)构成齿轮盒(75)的上下两个滑动杆，所述滑动杆一(752)的上端设有与齿轮一(751)相互啮合的齿槽，且滑动杆一(752)的下端设有与齿轮二(753)相互啮合的齿槽，所述滑动杆二(754)的上端设有与齿轮二(753)相互啮合的齿槽，且滑动杆二(754)的一端与联动架(74)连接。
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