WO2023217228A1 - 防爆阀、电池、电池模组、电池包以及车辆 - Google Patents

防爆阀、电池、电池模组、电池包以及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023217228A1
WO2023217228A1 PCT/CN2023/093513 CN2023093513W WO2023217228A1 WO 2023217228 A1 WO2023217228 A1 WO 2023217228A1 CN 2023093513 W CN2023093513 W CN 2023093513W WO 2023217228 A1 WO2023217228 A1 WO 2023217228A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
explosion
proof valve
score
segments
battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/093513
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱燕
孙泽楠
刘旭锋
王信月
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
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Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023217228A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023217228A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular, to an explosion-proof valve, a battery, a battery module, a battery pack and a vehicle.
  • the explosion-proof valve of the battery is usually welded to the cover plate of the battery.
  • the explosion-proof valve opens to release the gas generated inside the battery to prevent safety accidents such as battery explosion.
  • the pressure in the battery changes and the pressure is too high, if the stability of the explosion-proof valve welded to the battery is low, it is easy to cause the entire explosion-proof valve to be flushed open when the pressure is released, which will damage the battery and the entire battery system. safety.
  • the present disclosure aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • the first purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an explosion-proof valve that can effectively improve the connection stability and connection strength of the connection section of the explosion-proof valve. When the explosion-proof valve is applied to the battery, it ensures the safety of the battery and the entire battery system.
  • the second object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery using the above-mentioned explosion-proof valve.
  • the third object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery module using the above-mentioned battery.
  • the fourth object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery pack using the above-mentioned battery module or battery.
  • the fifth object of the present disclosure is to provide a vehicle using the above-mentioned battery pack.
  • the explosion-proof valve according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure includes an explosion-proof valve body, the edge of the explosion-proof valve body has a connecting section, the explosion-proof valve body is provided with a notch groove, the explosion-proof valve body has an opening area, the The opening area is located radially inside the connecting section.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve body and the shape of the orthographic projection of the opening area are both non-circular, so
  • the outer edge of the front projection of the opening area is the predetermined opening boundary
  • the area of the front projection of the opening area is S
  • the area of the front projection of the connecting section is S
  • the area of the front projection of the explosion-proof valve body is S total , wherein the S open , S connected , and S total satisfy: 10% ⁇ S connected /(S total -S open ) ⁇ 65%
  • the units of S open , S connected and S total are all mm 2 .
  • the explosion-proof valve according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting S open , S connected , and S total to satisfy: 10% ⁇ S connected / (S total - S open) ⁇ 65%, the parameters of the explosion-proof valve can be accurately designed, which can effectively Improve the connection stability and connection strength of the connection section of the explosion-proof valve.
  • the explosion-proof valve When the explosion-proof valve is applied to a battery, it can effectively ensure a stable connection between the explosion-proof valve and the battery, so that the opening area can be opened smoothly when the battery is depressurized, which can effectively avoid the explosion-proof valve being completely opened due to the weak connection strength of the explosion-proof valve in the existing technology. This further affects the safety of the battery.
  • the explosion-proof valve according to the embodiment of the present disclosure the safety of the battery and the entire battery system can be effectively ensured.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the opening area is an oval;
  • the score groove includes two first straight segments arranged in parallel and two oppositely arranged first straight segments.
  • two first arc segments, two ends of each first straight line segment are respectively connected to two first arc segments, and two first straight line segments and two first arc segments constitute
  • the outer edge of the orthographic projection of the scored groove constitutes the predetermined opening boundary.
  • each first straight line segment is a
  • the distance between the outsides of two first straight line segments is b
  • S open a ⁇ b+ ⁇ b 2 /4, 10mm ⁇ a ⁇ 50mm, 3mm ⁇ b ⁇ 30mm.
  • the score groove includes two first score segments that are arranged oppositely and are arc-shaped, a second score segment that is linear, and two third score segments that are spaced apart and are linear. section, the second score section and the third score section are arranged in parallel, the two ends of the second score section are respectively connected to the two first score sections, and each of the third score sections
  • the score segment is connected to the corresponding first score segment; in the depth direction of the score groove, the two free ends of the orthographic projection outer edge of the score groove are connected to form a connection line, and the connection line Together with the outer edge of the orthographic projection of the scored groove, the predetermined opening boundary is formed.
  • the score groove includes a linear fourth score segment and four linear fifth score segments, and both ends of the fourth score segment are respectively connected with preset clips.
  • the two fifth score segments arranged at angle ⁇ ; in the depth direction of the score groove, the free orthographic projection of the two fifth score segments located at the same end of the fourth score segment
  • a fourth arc segment is defined between the two ends.
  • the fourth arc segment has the apex of the preset angle as the center of the circle.
  • the two fifth score segments are located on the same side of the fourth score segment.
  • a fourth straight line segment is defined between the free ends of the orthographic projections, and the two fourth arc segments and the two fourth straight line segments together constitute the predetermined opening boundary.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the orthographic projection of the connecting section includes two second straight line segments arranged in parallel and two second arc segments arranged opposite each other. Both ends of the second straight line segment are respectively connected to the two second arc segments, and the two second straight line segments and the two second arc segments form a closed annular structure.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the orthographic projection of the connecting section is the explosion-proof valve itself. The outer periphery of the body's projection.
  • each second straight line segment is A
  • the distance between two second straight line segments is B
  • S total A ⁇ B+ ⁇ B 2 /4, 10mm ⁇ A ⁇ 70mm, 10mm ⁇ B ⁇ 60mm.
  • the connecting section is an elongated annular shape extending along the circumference of the explosion-proof valve body.
  • the inner peripheral edge of the orthographic projection of the connecting section includes two parallel lines.
  • a third straight line segment and two third arc segments arranged opposite each other. Both ends of each third straight line segment are connected to two third arc segments respectively.
  • the shape of the explosion-proof valve body is oval or racetrack.
  • a battery according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure includes the explosion-proof valve according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.
  • the energy density of the battery is E, where the E satisfies: 170wh/kg ⁇ E ⁇ 190wh/kg.
  • a battery module according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure includes the battery according to the above-mentioned second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a battery pack according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure includes a battery according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure or a battery module according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a vehicle according to an embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present disclosure includes a battery according to the above-mentioned second embodiment of the present disclosure, or a battery pack according to the above-mentioned fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an explosion-proof valve according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an explosion-proof valve according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an explosion-proof valve according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Explosion-proof valve body 100 Connecting segment 10; second straight line segment 11; second arc segment 12; third straight line segment 13; third arc segment 14; Opening area 20; predetermined opening boundary 201; score groove 21; first straight line segment 211; first arc segment 212; first score segment 213; second score segment 214; third score segment 215; connecting line 216; The fourth score segment 217; The fifth score segment 218; The fourth arc segment 219; The fourth straight line segment 220; Explosion-proof valve 200; battery 300; battery module 400; battery pack 500; vehicle 600.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below.
  • the embodiments described with reference to the drawings are exemplary.
  • the explosion-proof valve 200 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is described below with reference to FIGS. 1-3 .
  • the explosion-proof valve 200 is installed on the battery 300 as an example for description.
  • the explosion-proof valve 200 is used to relieve the pressure of the battery 300 .
  • an explosion-proof valve 200 includes an explosion-proof valve body 100 .
  • the explosion-proof valve body 100 is provided with a scored groove 21 .
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve body 100 is non-circular.
  • the edge of the explosion-proof valve body 100 has a connecting section 10 .
  • the explosion-proof valve body 100 and the shell of the battery 300 are welded and fixed, a weld will be formed between the explosion-proof valve body 100 and the shell; or, after the explosion-proof valve body 100 and the cover of the battery 300 are welded and fixed, the explosion-proof valve body 100 A weld will form between the cover and the cover.
  • half the width of the weld is the outer peripheral edge of the explosion-proof valve body 100 .
  • the width of the weld seam refers to the distance between the outer contour and the inner contour of the orthographic projection of the weld seam in the depth direction of the scored groove 21 .
  • the overlapping portion of the orthographic projection of the weld seam and the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve body 100 is the orthographic projection of the connecting section.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the connecting section 10 coincides with the outer peripheral edge of the explosion-proof valve body 100
  • the inner peripheral edge of the connecting section 10 coincides with the inner peripheral edge of the weld.
  • the “inner periphery of the weld” refers to the edge of the weld close to the center of the explosion-proof valve 200 .
  • the explosion-proof valve body 100 has an opening area 20 .
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the opening area 20 is non-circular.
  • the orthographic shape of the opening area 20 may be the same as the orthographic shape of the explosion-proof valve body 100 .
  • the shape is the same.
  • the outer edge of the orthographic projection of the opening area 20 is the predetermined opening boundary 201 .
  • the scored groove 21 on the explosion-proof valve body 100 may extend along the above-mentioned predetermined opening boundary 201 .
  • the opening area 20 is located radially inside the connecting section 10. When the internal pressure of the battery 300 increases, the pressure can be smoothly released from the explosion-proof valve 200 to protect the battery 300.
  • the area of the orthographic projection of the opening area 20 is Sopen
  • the area of the orthographic projection of the connecting section 10 is Sconnection
  • the total area of the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve body 100 is Stotal .
  • S open , S connected and S total satisfy: 10% ⁇ S connected / (S total - S open ) ⁇ 65%.
  • the units of S open , S connected and S total are all mm 2 .
  • both the connection strength and the opening area of the connecting section 10 can be taken into consideration. 20 opening performance, and the stability of the explosion-proof valve 200 can be judged more accurately.
  • the explosion-proof valve 200 by setting S open , S connected , and S total to satisfy: 10% ⁇ S connected /(S total -S open ) ⁇ 65%, the parameters of the explosion-proof valve 200 can be accurately designed. , thereby effectively improving the connection stability and connection strength of the connection section 10 of the explosion-proof valve 200.
  • the explosion-proof valve 200 When the explosion-proof valve 200 is applied to the battery 300, it can effectively ensure that the connection between the explosion-proof valve 200 and the battery 300 is stable, so that the opening area 20 can be opened smoothly when the battery 300 is depressurized, which can effectively avoid the connection strength of the explosion-proof valve 200 in the prior art.
  • Such an arrangement can not only ensure that the explosion-proof valve 200 has sufficient pressure relief capability, but also ensure the stability of the connection between the explosion-proof valve 200 and the shell of the battery 300 or the cover of the battery 300 .
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the opening area 20 may be an oblong shape.
  • Such arrangement can better match the explosion-proof valve 200 and can also match the shape of the casing or cover (not shown) of the battery 300 using the explosion-proof valve 200 . and.
  • the oblong opening area 20 has a larger exhaust volume per unit time and has a better pressure relief effect.
  • Score groove 21 It includes two first straight line segments 211 arranged in parallel and two first arc segments 212 arranged opposite to each other.
  • the two ends of the two first linear segments 211 are connected to the two first arc segments 212 respectively, so that the scored groove 21 can form a closed annular structure.
  • the outer edge of the orthographic projection of the scored groove 21 constitutes the predetermined opening boundary 201 . That is, the area defined by the outer edges of the two first linear segments 211 and the two first arc segments 212 is the area of the orthographic projection of the opening area 20 .
  • the length of the first straight line segment 211 is a, and the distance between the outsides of the two first straight line segments 211 is b.
  • the cross-sectional area of the above-mentioned score groove 21 may be rectangular or inverted trapezoidal.
  • the “cross section” here refers to a plane parallel to the depth direction of the scored groove 21 .
  • the width of the scored groove 21 gradually decreases in the direction toward the bottom of the scored groove 21 .
  • a can be understood as the length of the outer edge of the first linear segment 211 located at the groove top or the opening
  • b can be understood as the diameter of the outer edge of the first arc segment 212 located at the groove top or the opening.
  • the outer edge of the orthographic projection of the scored groove 21 includes two opposite semicircles, b can be
  • a can be understood as the distance between the centers of the two semicircles.
  • the score groove 21 is a C-shaped score groove.
  • the score groove 21 includes two first score segments 213 that are oppositely arranged and have an arc shape, a second score segment 214 that is a linear shape, and two third score segments 215 that are spaced apart and have a linear shape.
  • the second score section 214 and the third score section 215 are arranged parallel. Both ends of the second scored section 214 are connected to the two first scored sections 213 respectively.
  • Each third score segment 215 is connected to the corresponding first score segment 213 .
  • the second score segment 214 is connected to one end of the two first score segments 213, the other ends of the two first score segments 213 are respectively connected to a third score segment 215, and the two third score segments 215 are connected to each other.
  • the two free ends of the orthographic projection outer edge of the scored groove 21 are connected to form a connecting line 216, and the orthographic projected outer edge of the scored groove 21 and the connecting line 216 together form a predetermined opening boundary. 201.
  • a 1 represents the length of the second score segment 214
  • b 1 represents the distance between the outside of the second score segment 214 and the outside of the third score segment 215,
  • c 1 represents the two third score segments 215.
  • the distance between. c 1 is the length of the connecting line 216.
  • the cross-sectional area of the above-mentioned score groove 21 may be rectangular or inverted trapezoidal.
  • the “cross section” here refers to a plane parallel to the depth direction of the scored groove 21 .
  • the width of the scoring groove 21 The degree gradually decreases in the direction toward the groove bottom of the scored groove 21 .
  • a 1 can be understood as the length of the outer edge of the second scored section 214 located at the top of the groove or the opening
  • b 1 can be understood as the length of the outer edge of the first scored section 213 located at the top of the groove or the opening. diameter of.
  • the outer edge of the orthographic projection of the scored groove 21 includes two opposite semicircles, b 1
  • the diameter of the semicircle can be understood, and a 1 can be understood as the distance between the centers of the two semicircles.
  • the scoring groove 21 is a double Y-shaped scoring groove.
  • the score groove 21 includes a linear fourth score segment 217 and four linear fifth score segments 218 .
  • the two ends of the fourth scored section 217 are respectively connected to two fifth scored sections 218 arranged at a preset included angle ⁇ , and the above preset included angle is ⁇ .
  • a fourth arc segment 219 is defined between the free ends of the orthographic projections of the two fifth score segments 218 located at the same end of the fourth score segment 217.
  • the fourth arc segment 219 takes the vertex of the preset angle (i.e. ⁇ ) as the center of the circle.
  • a fourth straight line segment 220 is defined between the free ends of the orthographic projections of the two fifth score segments 218 located on the same side of the fourth score segment 217 .
  • the two fourth arc segments 219 and the two fourth straight line segments 220 together form the predetermined opening boundary 201 .
  • the fourth arc segment 219 and the fourth straight line segment 220 approximately intersect at one point.
  • the fourth arc segment 219 can be understood as being defined by the free ends E of the orthographic projections of the two fifth score segments 218 located at the same end of the fourth score segment 217 and close to each other.
  • the fourth straight line segment 220 can be understood as being defined by the free ends F of the orthographic projections of the two fifth score segments 218 located on the same side of the fourth score segment 217 and close to each other. For example, in the example of FIG.
  • the “fourth arc segment 219 ” refers to: the arc between the free ends E of the two fifth score segments 218 located at the left end of the fourth score segment 217 , and the arc segment located at the left end of the fourth score segment 217 .
  • the “fourth straight line segment 220” refers to: the straight line between the free ends F of the two fifth score segments 218 located on the upper side of the fourth score segment 217, and the two free ends F located on the lower side of the fourth score segment 217. A straight line between the free ends F of the fifth score segment 218.
  • the free ends E of the two fifth score segments 218 located at the same end of the fourth score segment 217 refer to the point where the two fifth score segments 218 located at the same end of the fourth score segment 217 are close to each other.
  • the free ends F of the two fifth score segments 218 located on the same side of the fourth score segment 217 refer to the side where the two fifth score segments 218 located on the same side of the fourth score segment 217 are close to each other. free endpoint.
  • the two fifth score segments 218 located at the left end of the fourth score segment 217 are close to each other to connect with the fourth score segment 217 .
  • the two fifth score segments 218 at the right end extend in directions away from each other.
  • the area of the area defined within the predetermined opening boundary 201 that is, the area of the orthographic projection of the opening area 20 in the depth direction of the score groove 21
  • S double y the area of the orthographic projection of the opening area 20 in the depth direction of the score groove 21
  • L double y a 2 +4c 2 .
  • a 2 is the length of the fourth scored section 217
  • b 2 is the two grooves located on the same side of the fourth scored section 217.
  • the distance between the free ends of the fifth score segment 218, c 2 is the length of the fifth score segment 218.
  • the appropriate notched groove 21 can be selected according to different design standards, which reduces the difficulty of the explosion-proof valve 200 process, thereby increasing the pressure relief speed of the explosion-proof valve 200 and improving the safety performance of the battery 300. For example, when the internal pressure of the battery 300 increases, the internal pressure of the battery 300 will squeeze the opening area 20 outward, easily deforming the opening area 20, and the C-shaped notched groove or the double Y-shaped notched groove can be deformed to a certain extent. Increasing the deformation of the opening area 20 relatively increases the structural strength of the opening area 20 , thereby effectively preventing the explosion-proof valve 200 from being opened accidentally.
  • the cross-sectional area of the above-mentioned scored groove 21 may be rectangular or inverted trapezoidal.
  • the “cross section” here refers to a plane parallel to the depth direction of the scored groove 21 .
  • the width of the scored groove 21 gradually decreases in the direction toward the bottom of the scored groove 21 .
  • a 2 can be understood as the length of the outer edge of the fourth score segment 217 located at the top of the groove or the opening, and b 2 is the length of the two fifth score segments 218 located on the same side of the fourth score segment 217 The distance between the free ends located at the groove top or opening, c 2 is the length of the outer edge of the fifth score section 218 located at the groove top or opening.
  • the orthographic projection outer peripheral edge of the connecting section 10 in the depth direction of the scored groove 21 , includes two second straight sections 11 arranged in parallel and two second straight sections 11 arranged opposite to each other. Arc segment 12. Both ends of each second straight line segment 11 are connected to two second arc segments 12 respectively. The two second straight line segments 11 and the two second arc segments 12 form a closed annular structure.
  • the orthogonally projected outer peripheral edge of the connecting section 10 is the orthogonally projected outer peripheral edge of the explosion-proof valve body 100 .
  • the length of each second straight line segment 11 is A, and the distance between two second straight line segments 11 is B.
  • the two second straight line segments 11 and the two second arc segments 12 together form a closed area.
  • the area of the closed area (that is, the area S of the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve body 100) may include a radius of 1/2B. Two semicircles, and a rectangle with length A and width B.
  • the connecting section 10 is an elongated annular shape extending along the circumferential direction of the explosion-proof valve body 100 , and the outer peripheral edge of the connecting section 10 is the outer peripheral edge of the explosion-proof valve body 100 .
  • the inner peripheral edge of the orthographic projection of the connecting section 10 includes two third straight line segments 13 arranged in parallel and two third arc segments 14 arranged opposite to each other. The two ends of the two third straight line segments 13 are connected to the two third arc segments 14 respectively. The distance between the two third straight line segments 13 is B 1 .
  • the shape of the explosion-proof valve body 100 can also be set to an oval shape or a racetrack shape. Therefore, the explosion-proof valve 200 can better adapt to the shape of the battery 300 shell or the battery 300 cover, increase the exhaust volume per unit time, and improve the pressure relief performance of the explosion-proof valve 200 .
  • the battery 300 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure includes the explosion-proof valve 200 according to the above-described first embodiment.
  • the battery 300 also includes a casing (not shown) and a cover (not shown). At least one end of the housing is open for mounting a cover plate.
  • a mounting hole (not shown) is formed on the casing or cover plate, and the explosion-proof valve 200 is connected to the mounting hole.
  • the connection section 10 of the explosion-proof valve 200 can be welded and connected with the shell or the cover plate.
  • the reliability of the connection between the explosion-proof valve 200 and the battery 300 and the good pressure relief capability can be taken into account, thereby improving the safety of the use of the battery 300.
  • the energy density of battery 300 is E.
  • E satisfies: 170wh/kg ⁇ E ⁇ 190wh/kg.
  • E 180wh/kg.
  • the energy density of the battery 300 is increased and the overall performance of the battery 300 is improved.
  • the greater the energy of the battery 300 it means that there are more active materials or materials with higher activity inside the battery 300.
  • the exhaust volume of the explosion-proof valve 200 of such batteries 300 requires a more accurate design to ensure the explosion-proof valve under extreme circumstances. 200 is opened in time. At the same time, false start-up can also be avoided.
  • the explosion-proof valve 200 in the above embodiment of the present application can well meet this requirement.
  • the battery module 400 includes the battery 300 according to the above-mentioned second embodiment.
  • the battery module 400 may include a plurality of batteries 300 arranged side by side.
  • the battery module 400 may also include two end plates (not shown) and two side plates (not shown).
  • the two end plates are distributed at both ends of the plurality of batteries 300 along the first direction.
  • the two side plates The plates are distributed on both sides of the plurality of batteries 300 along the second direction, and the end plates and side plates are fixedly connected to fix the batteries 300.
  • the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; of course, in other embodiments, the battery module 400 can also be Containing two end plates and cable ties (not shown), the two end plates are distributed at both ends of the plurality of batteries 300 And fixed with zip ties.
  • the use safety of the battery module 400 is improved.
  • the battery pack 500 according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure includes the battery 300 according to the second embodiment or the battery module 400 according to the third embodiment.
  • the battery pack 500 by using the above-mentioned battery 300 or battery module 400, the safety of use of the battery pack 500 can be improved.
  • the battery pack 500 may include a tray (not shown) in which the battery 300 or the battery module 400 is fixed. When the battery pack 500 is applied to the vehicle 600, the battery pack 500 is installed on the vehicle 600 through a pallet.
  • a vehicle 600 according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure includes the battery 300 according to the second embodiment, or the battery pack 500 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • battery 300 may be mounted directly on vehicle 600 .
  • the battery 300 is assembled into a battery pack 500 and the battery pack 500 is installed on the vehicle 600 .
  • the safety of use of the vehicle 600 can be improved.
  • the explosion-proof valve 200 can be set downward to prevent the leaked high-temperature gas from causing harm to the occupants inside the vehicle 600 .
  • first feature and second feature may include one or more of the features.
  • plural means two or more.
  • a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in direct contact with each other. additional characteristic contacts between.
  • terms “above”, “above” and “above” a first feature on a second feature include the first feature being directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is horizontally higher than Second characteristic.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

一种车辆具有电池包。电池包包括电池或电池模组。电池包括防爆阀。防爆阀包括防爆阀本体。防爆阀本体的边缘具有连接段。防爆阀本体上设有刻痕槽。防爆阀本体具有开启区，开启区位于连接段的径向内侧。在刻痕槽的深度方向上，防爆阀本体的正投影的形状和开启区的正投影的形状均为非圆形。开启区的正投影的外缘为预定开启边界。开启区的正投影的面积为S开，连接段的正投影的面积为S连，防爆阀本体的正投影的面积为S总。其中，S开、S连、S总满足：10％＜S连/(S总-S开)＜65％。

Description

防爆阀、电池、电池模组、电池包以及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求比亚迪股份有限公司于2022年05月12日提交的名称为“防爆阀、电池、电池模组、电池包以及车辆”的中国专利申请号“202221128927.X”的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及电池技术领域，尤其是涉及一种防爆阀、电池、电池模组、电池包以及车辆。
背景技术
现有技术中，电池的防爆阀通常焊接在电池的盖板上。当电池内的气压超过防爆阀的开启压力时，防爆阀开启以释放电池内部产生的气体，以防止电池发生爆炸等安全事故。然而，当电池中的压力发生变化且压力过大时，如果防爆阀焊接在电池上的稳定性较低，容易导致泄压时整个防爆阀都被冲开，从而会破坏电池及整个电池系统的安全性。
公开内容
本公开旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本公开的第一个目的在于提出一种防爆阀，可以有效地提高防爆阀的连接段的连接稳定性和连接强度。当防爆阀应用于电池时，保证了电池以及整个电池系统的安全性。
本公开的第二个目的在于提出一种采用上述防爆阀的电池。
本公开的第三个目的在于提出一种采用上述电池的电池模组。
本公开的第四个目的在于提出一种采用上述电池模组或者电池的电池包。
本公开的第五个目的在于提出一种采用上述电池包的车辆。
根据本公开第一方面实施例的防爆阀包括防爆阀本体，所述防爆阀本体的边缘具有连接段，所述防爆阀本体上设有刻痕槽，所述防爆阀本体具有开启区，所述开启区位于所述连接段的径向内侧，在所述刻痕槽的深度方向上，所述防爆阀本体的正投影的形状和所述开启区的正投影的形状均为非圆形，所述开启区的正投影的外缘为预定开启边界，所述开启区的正投影的面积为S开，所述连接段的正投影的面积为S连，所述防爆阀本体的正投影的面积为S总，其中，所述S开、S连、S总满足：10％＜S连/(S总-S开)＜65％， S开、S连、S总的单位均为mm2。
根据本公开实施例的防爆阀，通过设置使S开、S连、S总满足：10％＜S连/(S总-S开)＜65％，对防爆阀的参数进行准确设计，可以有效提高防爆阀的连接段的连接稳定性和连接强度。当防爆阀应用于电池时，可以有效保证防爆阀与电池连接稳定，从而在电池泄压时开启区能够顺利开启，可以有效避免现有技术中由于防爆阀连接强度薄弱导致防爆阀被完全冲开进而影响电池安全性的问题，换言之，通过采用根据本公开实施例的防爆阀，可以有效保证电池以及整个电池系统的安全性。
在一些示例中，在所述刻痕槽的深度方向上，所述开启区的正投影的形状为长圆形；所述刻痕槽包括平行设置的两个第一直线段和相对设置的两个第一圆弧段，每个所述第一直线段的两端分别与两个所述第一圆弧段连接，两个所述第一直线段和两个所述第一圆弧段构成封闭的环状结构，在所述刻痕槽的深度方向上，所述刻痕槽的正投影的外缘构成所述预定开启边界。
在一些示例中，每个所述第一直线段的长度为a，两个所述第一直线段的外侧之间的距离为b，其中，所述S开、a、b分别满足：S开＝a×b+πb2/4，10mm≤a≤50mm，3mm≤b≤30mm。
在一些示例中，所述刻痕槽包括相对设置且呈弧形的两个第一刻痕段、呈直线形的第二刻痕段、以及间隔设置且呈直线形的两个第三刻痕段，所述第二刻痕段与所述第三刻痕段平行设置，所述第二刻痕段的两端分别与两个所述第一刻痕段连接，每个所述第三刻痕段与对应的所述第一刻痕段连接；在所述刻痕槽的深度方向上，所述刻痕槽的正投影的外缘的两个自由端相连构成连接线，所述连接线与所述刻痕槽的正投影的外缘共同构成所述预定开启边界。
在一些示例中，所述刻痕槽包括呈直线形的第四刻痕段和四个呈直线形的第五刻痕段，所述第四刻痕段的两端分别连接有呈预设夹角α设置的两个所述第五刻痕段；在所述刻痕槽的深度方向上，位于所述第四刻痕段的同一端的两个所述第五刻痕段的正投影的自由端之间限定出第四圆弧段，所述第四圆弧段以所述预设夹角的顶点为圆心，位于所述第四刻痕段同一侧的两个所述第五刻痕段的正投影的自由端之间限定出第四直线段，两个所述第四圆弧段和两个所述第四直线段共同构成所述预定开启边界。
在一些示例中，在所述刻痕槽的深度方向上，所述连接段的正投影的外周缘包括平行设置的两个第二直线段和相对设置的两个第二圆弧段，每个所述第二直线段的两端分别与两个所述第二圆弧段连接，两个所述第二直线段和两个所述第二圆弧段构成封闭的环状结构，在所述刻痕槽的深度方向上，所述连接段的正投影的外周缘为所述防爆阀本 体的投影的外周缘。
在一些示例中，每个所述第二直线段的长度为A，两个所述第二直线段之间的距离为B，其中，所述S总、A、B分别满足：S总＝A×B+πB2/4，10mm≤A≤70mm，10mm≤B≤60mm。
在一些示例中，所述连接段为沿所述防爆阀本体的周向延伸的长圆环形，在所述刻痕槽的深度方向上，所述连接段的正投影的内周缘包括平行设置的两个第三直线段和相对设置的两个第三圆弧段，每个所述第三直线段的两端分别与两个所述第三圆弧段连接，两个所述第三直线段之间的距离为B1，其中，所述S连、B1分别满足：S连＝S总-πB1 2/4-B1×A，9mm≤B1≤59mm。
在一些示例中，所述防爆阀本体的形状为椭圆形或者跑道形。
在一些实施例中，80mm2≤S开≤1600mm2，178.5mm2≤S总≤5212.5mm2。
根据本公开第二方面实施例的电池，包括根据本公开上述第一方面实施例的防爆阀。
在一些示例中，所述电池的能量密度为E，其中，所述E满足：170wh/kg≤E≤190wh/kg。
根据本公开第三方面实施例的电池模组，包括根据本公开上述第二方面实施例的电池。
根据本公开第四方面实施例的电池包，包括根据本公开上述第二方面实施例的电池或上述第三方面实施例的电池模组。
根据本公开第五方面实施例的车辆，包括根据本公开上述第二方面实施例的电池，或根据本公开上述第四方面实施例的电池包。
本公开的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本公开的实践了解到。
附图说明
本公开的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本公开一个实施例的防爆阀的示意图。
图2是根据本公开另一个实施例的防爆阀的示意图。
图3是根据本公开再一个实施例的防爆阀的示意图。
图4是根据本公开实施例的车辆的示意图。
图5是根据本公开另一个实施例的车辆的示意图。
图6是根据本公开再一个实施例的车辆的示意图。
附图标记：
防爆阀本体100；
连接段10；第二直线段11；第二圆弧段12；第三直线段13；第三圆弧段14；
开启区20；预定开启边界201；刻痕槽21；第一直线段211；第一圆弧段212；第
一刻痕段213；第二刻痕段214；第三刻痕段215；连接线216；第四刻痕段217；第五刻痕段218；第四圆弧段219；第四直线段220；
防爆阀200；电池300；电池模组400；电池包500；车辆600。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，下面参考图1-图3描述根据本公开实施例的防爆阀200。在本申请下面的描述中，以防爆阀200安装于电池300上为例进行说明。当电池300内部压力增加时，防爆阀200用于对电池300进行泄压。
如图1所示，根据本公开第一方面实施例的防爆阀200，包括防爆阀本体100。
具体而言，防爆阀本体100上设有刻痕槽21。在刻痕槽21的深度方向(也即刻痕槽21的槽顶到槽底的方向)上，防爆阀本体100的正投影的形状为非圆形。如此设置，非圆形的防爆阀本体100可以更好地匹配不同形状的电池300的壳体或电池300的盖板。防爆阀本体100的边缘具有连接段10。当防爆阀200安装在电池300上时，防爆阀200可以通过连接段10与电池300的壳体或者电池300的盖板实现固定连接。当防爆阀本体100与电池300的壳体焊接固定后，防爆阀本体100与壳体之间会形成焊缝；或者，当防爆阀本体100与电池300的盖板焊接固定后，防爆阀本体100与盖板之间会形成焊缝。其中，焊缝的宽度的二分之一处即为防爆阀本体100的外周缘。焊缝的宽度是指在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，焊缝的正投影的外轮廓和内轮廓之间的间距。在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，焊缝的正投影与防爆阀本体100的正投影的重合部分即为连接段的正投影。换言之，连接段10的外周缘与防爆阀本体100的外周缘重合，连接段10的内周缘与焊缝的内周缘重合。其中，“焊缝的内周缘”是指焊缝的靠近防爆阀200中心一侧的边缘。
防爆阀本体100具有开启区20。在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，开启区20的正投影的形状为非圆形。例如，开启区20的正投影的形状可以与防爆阀本体100的正投影的形 状相同。开启区20的正投影的外缘为预定开启边界201。防爆阀本体100上的刻痕槽21可以沿着上述预定开启边界201延伸。开启区20位于连接段10的径向内侧，当电池300内部压力增大时，能够从防爆阀200处顺利泄出压力以保护电池300。在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，开启区20的正投影的面积为S开，连接段10的正投影的面积为S连，防爆阀本体100的正投影的总面积为S总。其中，S开、S连、S总满足：10％＜S连/(S总-S开)＜65％，S开、S连、S总的单位均为mm2。
例如，当S连/(S总-S开)≤10％，并且在S总保持不变的情况下，S连和S开中的至少一个较小，可能导致防爆阀200与电池300连接的稳定性下降，不利于开启区20的顺利开启。当S连/(S总-S开)≥65％，并且在S总保持不变的情况下，S连和S开中的至少一个较大，可能导致连接段10的强度过大，并且造成材料的浪费；或者，可能导致开启区20的面积较大而影响开启区20的开启性能。由此，通过限定连接段10的正投影的面积与防爆阀200的除开启区20以外的正投影的面积的比值在10％-65％之间，可以兼顾连接段10的连接强度和开启区20的开启性能，并且可以更准确地判断出防爆阀200的稳定程度。
可以理解的是，S连/(S总-S开)的比值越大，连接段10与电池300之间的连接强度越高，防爆阀200的稳定性越好。例如，可以通过增加S连，或者增加S开，又或者同时增加S连和S开，以实现S连/(S总-S开)比值的增大。
根据本公开实施例的防爆阀200，通过设置使S开、S连、S总满足：10％＜S连/(S总-S开)＜65％，可以对防爆阀200的参数进行准确设计，从而有效地提高防爆阀200的连接段10的连接稳定性和连接强度。当防爆阀200应用于电池300时，可以有效保证防爆阀200与电池300连接稳定，从而在电池300泄压时开启区20能够顺利开启，可以有效地避免现有技术中由于防爆阀200连接强度较低而导致防爆阀200被完全冲开的问题，进而也避免了对电池300安全性的影响。换言之，通过采用本公开实施例的防爆阀200，可以有效地保证电池300以及整个电池系统的安全性。
在一些实施例中，80mm2≤S开≤1600mm2，178.5mm2≤S总≤5212.5mm2。如此设置，既可保证防爆阀200具备足够的泄压能力，又可保证防爆阀200与电池300的壳体或电池300的盖板连接的稳定性。
根据本公开的一些实施例，参照图1，在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，开启区20的正投影的形状可以为长圆形。如此设置，可以更好地匹配防爆阀200，也可以与使用该防爆阀200的电池300的壳体或盖板(图未示出)的形状相匹配。而且。与圆形的防爆阀200相比，长圆形的开启区20在单位时间内的排气量更大，泄压效果更佳。刻痕槽21 包括平行设置的两个第一直线段211和相对设置的两个第一圆弧段212。两个第一直线段211的两端分别连接两个第一圆弧段212，从而刻痕槽21可以形成封闭的环状结构。在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，刻痕槽21的正投影的外缘构成预定开启边界201。即，两个第一直线段211和两个第一圆弧段212的外边缘限定的区域的面积为开启区20的正投影的面积。
其中，第一直线段211的长度为a，两个第一直线段211的外侧之间的距离为b，所述S开、a、b分别满足：S开＝a×b+πb2/4，10mm≤a≤50mm，3mm≤b≤30mm。例如，a＝30mm，b＝10mm。但不限于此。由此，通过对尺寸a、b进行限定，在保证开启区20能够顺利开启并及时泄压的同时，提高了使用该防爆阀200的电池300的安全性。可以理解的，第一直线段211的外侧为第一直线段211的远离防爆阀200中心的一侧。
上述刻痕槽21的横截面积可以为矩形，也可以为倒梯形。此处的“横截面”指与刻痕槽21的深度方向平行的平面。当刻痕槽21的横截面为倒梯形时，刻痕槽21的宽度沿朝向刻痕槽21的槽底的方向逐渐减小。此时，a可以理解为第一直线段211的位于槽顶处或开口处的外缘的长度，b可以理解为第一圆弧段212的位于槽顶处或开口处的外缘的直径。换言之，在刻痕槽21的深度方向(也即在所述刻痕槽21的槽口到槽底的方向)上，刻痕槽21的正投影的外缘包括两个相对的半圆，b可以理解该半圆的直径，a可以理解为两个半圆的圆心之间的距离。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，刻痕槽21为C形刻痕槽。刻痕槽21包括相对设置且呈弧形的两个第一刻痕段213、呈直线形的第二刻痕段214、以及间隔设置且呈直线形的两个第三刻痕段215。第二刻痕段214与第三刻痕段215平行设置。第二刻痕段214的两端分别与两个第一刻痕段213连接。每个第三刻痕段215与对应的第一刻痕段213连接。换句话说，第二刻痕段214连接两个第一刻痕段213的一端，两个第一刻痕段213的另一端分别连接一个第三刻痕段215，且两个第三刻痕段215间隔设置。在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，刻痕槽21的正投影的外缘的两个自由端相连构成连接线216，刻痕槽21的正投影的外缘与连接线216共同构成预定开启边界201。此时，预定开启边界201内限定的区域的面积(也即在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，开启区20的正投影的面积)为Sc，Sc＝a1×b1+π×b1 2/4。刻痕槽21的总长为Lc，Lc＝2a1-c1+πb1。其中，a1表示第二刻痕段214的长度，b1表示第二刻痕段214的外侧与第三刻痕段215的外侧之间的距离，c1表示两个第三刻痕段215之间的距离。c1即连接线216的长度。
上述刻痕槽21的横截面积可以为矩形，也可以为倒梯形。此处的“横截面”指与刻痕槽21的深度方向平行的平面。当刻痕槽21的横截面为倒梯形时，刻痕槽21的宽 度沿朝向刻痕槽21的槽底的方向逐渐减小。此时，a1可以理解为第二刻痕段214的位于槽顶处或开口处的外缘的长度，b1可以理解为第一刻痕段213的位于槽顶处或开口处的外缘的直径。换言之，在刻痕槽21的深度方向(也即在所述刻痕槽21的槽口到槽底的方向)上，刻痕槽21的正投影的外缘包括两个相对的半圆，b1可以理解该半圆的直径，a1可以理解为两个半圆的圆心之间的距离。
在另一些实施例中，如图3所示，刻痕槽21为双Y形刻痕槽。刻痕槽21包括呈直线形的第四刻痕段217，以及四个呈直线形的第五刻痕段218。第四刻痕段217的两端分别连接有呈预设夹角α设置的两个第五刻痕段218，上述预设夹角为α。在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，位于第四刻痕段217的同一端的两个第五刻痕段218的正投影的自由端之间限定出第四圆弧段219，第四圆弧段219以预设夹角(即α)的顶点为圆心。在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，位于第四刻痕段217同一侧的两个第五刻痕段218的正投影的自由端之间限定出第四直线段220。两个第四圆弧段219和两个第四直线段220共同构成预定开启边界201。
需要说明的是，由于第四刻痕段217和第五刻痕段218的宽度相对较小，可以忽略不计，因此第四圆弧段219和第四直线段220近似相交于一点。第四圆弧段219可以理解为位于第四刻痕段217的同一端的两个第五刻痕段218的正投影的彼此靠近一侧的自由端E限定出。第四直线段220可以理解为位于第四刻痕段217同一侧的两个第五刻痕段218的正投影的彼此靠近一侧的自由端F限定出。例如，在图3的示例中，“第四圆弧段219”指的是：位于第四刻痕段217左端的两个第五刻痕段218的自由端E之间的弧线，以及位于第四刻痕段217右端的两个第五刻痕段218的自由端E之间的弧线。“第四直线段220”指的是：位于第四刻痕段217上侧的两个第五刻痕段218的自由端F之间的直线，以及位于第四刻痕段217下侧的两个第五刻痕段218的自由端F之间的直线。
具体地，位于第四刻痕段217的同一端的两个第五刻痕段218的自由端E是指：位于第四刻痕段217的同一端的两个第五刻痕段218彼此靠近的一侧的自由端点。位于第四刻痕段217的同一侧的两个第五刻痕段218的自由端F是指：位于第四刻痕段217的同一侧的两个第五刻痕段218彼此靠近的一侧的自由端点。如图3所示，沿从左到右的方向，位于第四刻痕段217左端的两个第五刻痕段218彼此靠近以与第四刻痕段217连接，位于第四刻痕段217右端的两个第五刻痕段218朝向彼此远离的方向延伸。此时，预定开启边界201内限定的区域的面积(也即，在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，开启区20的正投影的面积)为S双y，刻痕槽21的总长为L双y＝a2+4c2。其中，a2为第四刻痕段217的长度，b2为位于第四刻痕段217同一侧的两个 第五刻痕段218的自由端之间的距离，c2为第五刻痕段218的长度。
由此，不同形状的刻痕槽21可以改变开启区20的结构强度。可以根据设计标准的不同选择合适的刻痕槽21，降低了防爆阀200工艺的难度，从而提升了防爆阀200的泄压速度和提高了电池300的安全性能。例如，当电池300内部压力增大时，电池300内部的压力会向外挤压开启区20，易使开启区20变形，而C形刻痕槽或者双Y形刻痕槽可以在一定程度上增加开启区20的变形，从而相对提高了开启区20的结构强度，进而可以有效地防止防爆阀200误开启。
进一步地，上述刻痕槽21的横截面积可以为矩形，也可以为倒梯形。此处的“横截面”指与刻痕槽21的深度方向相平行的平面。当刻痕槽21的横截面为倒梯形时，刻痕槽21的宽度沿朝向刻痕槽21的槽底的方向逐渐减小。此时，a2可以理解为第四刻痕段217的位于槽顶处或开口处的外缘的长度，b2为位于第四刻痕段217同一侧的两个第五刻痕段218的位于槽顶处或开口处的自由端之间的距离，c2为第五刻痕段218的位于槽顶处或开口处的外缘的长度。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，连接段10的正投影的外周缘包括平行设置的两个第二直线段11和相对设置的两个第二圆弧段12。每个第二直线段11的两端分别与两个第二圆弧段12连接。两个第二直线段11和两个第二圆弧段12构成封闭的环状结构。在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，连接段10的正投影的外周缘为防爆阀本体100的正投影的外周缘。每个第二直线段11的长度为A，两个第二直线段11之间的距离为B。两个第二直线段11和两个第二圆弧段12共同围成一个封闭区域，该封闭区域的面积(即防爆阀本体100的正投影的面积S总)可以包括半径为1/2B的两个半圆、以及长度为A且宽度为B的一个矩形。
其中，S总、A、B分别满足：S总＝A×B+πB2/4，10mm≤A≤70mm，10mm≤B≤60mm。由此，通过将防爆阀本体100的A、B的尺寸分别限定在上述范围内，可以将防爆阀本体100在刻痕槽21的深度方向上的正投影的面积S总的大小控制在合理的范围内，从而可以匹配不同尺寸的电池300，也方便了防爆阀本体100的加工。例如，A＝50mm，B＝30mm。但不限于此。
进一步地，结合图1，连接段10为沿防爆阀本体100的周向延伸的长圆环形，连接段10的外周缘为防爆阀本体100的外周缘。在刻痕槽21的深度方向上，连接段10的正投影的内周缘包括平行设置的两个第三直线段13和相对设置的两个第三圆弧段14。两个第三直线段13的两端分别连接在两个第三圆弧段14上。两个第三直线段13之间的距离为B1。其中，S连、B1分别满足：S连＝S总-πB1 2/4-B1×A，9mm≤B1≤59mm。也就是 说，连接段10的面积S连可以为两个第二直线段11和两个第二圆弧段12围成的边界限定的面积减去两个第三直线段13和两个第三圆弧段14围成的边界限定的面积的差值。
如果B1＜10mm，那么连接段10的面积S连会增大，开启区20的面积S开可能得不到保证，从而可能会影响防爆阀200的正常泄压。如果B1＞60mm，连接段10的面积S连会减小，可能会降低连接段10的连接稳定性，当电池300内部压力过大时，容易使整个防爆阀200被冲开，从而会破坏电池300及整个电池系统的安全性。由此，通过设置使S连＝S总-πB1 2/4-B1×A，并限定B1的取值范围，可以使连接段10的面积处于一个合适的范围内，从而在增加连接段10的连接强度的同时，也可以保证防爆阀200的正常泄压。
可选地，防爆阀本体100的形状还可以设置为椭圆形或者跑道形。由此，防爆阀200可以更好地适配电池300壳体的形状或者电池300盖板的形状，增加单位时间内的排气量，提升防爆阀200的泄压性能。
根据本公开第二方面实施例的电池300，结合图4，包括根据上述第一方面实施例的防爆阀200。
具体而言，电池300还包括壳体(图未示出)和盖板(图未示出)。壳体的至少一端敞开以用于安装盖板。壳体或者盖板上形成有安装孔(图未示出)，防爆阀200连接在安装孔处。其中，防爆阀200的连接段10可以与壳体或者盖板焊接连接。
根据本公开实施例的电池300，通过采用上述的防爆阀200，可以兼顾防爆阀200与电池300连接的可靠性和良好的泄压能力，提高了电池300使用的安全性。
在一些实施例中，电池300的能量密度为E。其中，E满足：170wh/kg≤E≤190wh/kg。例如，E＝180wh/kg。但不限于此。由此，增加了电池300的能量密度，提高了电池300的整体性能。而且，电池300能量越大，意味着电池300内部活性材料更多或具有更高活性的材料，此类电池300对防爆阀200的排气量需要更准确的设计，以保证极端情况下防爆阀200的及时开启。同时也可以避免误启动，本申请上述实施例的防爆阀200可以很好地满足这一要求。
根据本公开第三方面实施例的电池模组400，结合图4，包括根据上述第二方面实施例的电池300。例如，电池模组400可以包括并排布置的多个电池300。电池模组400还可以包括两个端板(图未示出)和两个侧板(图未示出)，两个端板分布于多个电池300沿第一方向的两端，两个侧板分布于多个电池300沿第二方向的两侧，端板与侧板固定连接以固定电池300，第一方向与第二方向垂直；当然，在其他实施例中，电池模组400也可以包含两个端板和扎带(图未示出)，两个端板分布于多个电池300的两端 并通过扎带固定。
根据本公开实施例的电池模组400，通过采用上述的电池300，提高了电池模组400的使用安全性。
根据本公开第四方面实施例的电池包500，结合图4和图5，包括根据上述第二方面实施例的电池300，或第三方面实施例的电池模组400。
根据本公开实施例的电池包500，通过采用上述的电池300或电池模组400，可以提升电池包500的使用安全性。例如，电池包500可以包括托盘(图未示出)，电池300或电池模组400固定于托盘内。当电池包500应用于车辆600上时，电池包500通过托盘安装于车辆600上。
根据本公开第五方面实施例的车辆600，结合图4-图6，包括根据上述第二方面实施例的电池300，或根据上述第四方面实施例的电池包500。例如，在一些实施例中，电池300可以直接安装于车辆600上。在另一些实施例中，电池300组装成电池包500，电池包500安装于车辆600上。
根据本公开第五方面实施例的车辆600，通过采用上述的电池包500，可以提高车辆600的使用安全性。
可选地，防爆阀200可以朝下设置，以避免泄出的高温气体对车辆600内部的乘员造成伤害。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
在本公开的描述中，“第一特征”、“第二特征”可以包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。在本公开的描述中，第一特征在第二特征“之上”或“之下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。在本公开的描述中，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说 明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。
尽管已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本公开的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本公开的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种防爆阀(200)，其特征在于，包括：
    防爆阀本体(100)，所述防爆阀本体(100)的边缘具有连接段(10)，所述防爆阀本体(100)上设有刻痕槽(21)，所述防爆阀本体(100)具有开启区(20)，所述开启区(20)位于所述连接段(10)的径向内侧，
    在所述刻痕槽(21)的深度方向上，所述防爆阀本体(100)的正投影的形状和所述开启区(20)的正投影的形状均为非圆形，所述开启区(20)的正投影的外缘为预定开启边界(201)，
    所述开启区(20)的正投影的面积为S开，所述连接段(10)的正投影的面积为S连，所述防爆阀本体(100)的正投影的面积为S总，其中，所述S开、S连、S总满足：10％＜S连/(S总-S开)＜65％，S开、S连、S总的单位均为mm2。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防爆阀(200)，其特征在于，在所述刻痕槽(21)的深度方向上，所述开启区(20)的正投影的形状为长圆形；
    所述刻痕槽(21)包括平行设置的两个第一直线段(211)和相对设置的两个第一圆弧段(212)，每个所述第一直线段(211)的两端分别与两个所述第一圆弧段(212)连接，两个所述第一直线段(211)和两个所述第一圆弧段(212)构成封闭的环状结构；
    在所述刻痕槽(21)的深度方向上，所述刻痕槽(21)的正投影的外缘构成所述预定开启边界(201)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防爆阀(200)，其特征在于，每个所述第一直线段(211)的长度为a，两个所述第一直线段(211)的外侧之间的距离为b，其中，所述S开、a、b分别满足：S开＝a×b+πb2/4，10mm≤a≤50mm，3mm≤b≤30mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的防爆阀(200)，其特征在于，所述刻痕槽(21)包括相对设置且呈弧形的两个第一刻痕段(213)、呈直线形的第二刻痕段(214)、以及间隔设置且呈直线形的两个第三刻痕段(215)，所述第二刻痕段(214)与所述第三刻痕段(215)平行设置，所述第二刻痕段(214)的两端分别与两个所述第一刻痕段(213)连接，每个所述第三刻痕段(215)与对应的所述第一刻痕段(213)连接；
    在所述刻痕槽(21)的深度方向上，所述刻痕槽(21)的正投影的外缘的两个自由端相连构成连接线(216)，所述连接线(216)与所述刻痕槽(21)的正投影的外缘共同构成所述预定开启边界(201)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的防爆阀(200)，其特征在于，所述刻痕槽(21)包括呈 直线形的第四刻痕段(217)和四个呈直线形的第五刻痕段(218)，所述第四刻痕段(217)的两端分别连接有呈预设夹角α设置的两个所述第五刻痕段(218)；
    在所述刻痕槽(21)的深度方向上，位于所述第四刻痕段(217)的同一端的两个所述第五刻痕段(218)的正投影的自由端之间限定出第四圆弧段(219)，所述第四圆弧段(219)以所述预设夹角的顶点为圆心，位于所述第四刻痕段(217)同一侧的两个所述第五刻痕段(218)的正投影的自由端之间限定出第四直线段(220)，两个所述第四圆弧段(219)和两个所述第四直线段(220)共同构成所述预定开启边界(201)。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的防爆阀(200)，其特征在于，在所述刻痕槽(21)的深度方向上，所述连接段(10)的正投影的外周缘包括平行设置的两个第二直线段(11)和相对设置的两个第二圆弧段(12)，每个所述第二直线段(11)的两端分别与两个所述第二圆弧段(12)连接，两个所述第二直线段(11)和两个所述第二圆弧段(12)构成封闭的环状结构；
    在所述刻痕槽(21)的深度方向上，所述连接段(10)的正投影的外周缘为所述防爆阀本体(100)的正投影的外周缘。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的防爆阀(200)，其特征在于，每个所述第二直线段(11)的长度为A，两个所述第二直线段(11)之间的距离为B，其中，所述S总、A、B分别满足：S总＝A×B+πB2/4，10mm≤A≤70mm，10mm≤B≤60mm。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的防爆阀(200)，其特征在于，所述连接段(10)为沿所述防爆阀本体(100)的周向延伸的长圆环形，在所述刻痕槽(21)的深度方向上，所述连接段(10)的正投影的内周缘包括平行设置的两个第三直线段(13)和相对设置的两个第三圆弧段(14)，每个所述第三直线段(13)的两端分别与两个所述第三圆弧段(14)连接，两个所述第三直线段(13)之间的距离为B1，其中，所述S连、B1分别满足：S连＝S总-πB1 2/4-B1×A，9mm≤B1≤59mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的防爆阀(200)，其特征在于，所述防爆阀本体(100)的形状为椭圆形或者跑道形。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的防爆阀(200)，其特征在于，80mm2≤S开≤1600mm2，178.5mm2≤S总≤5212.5mm2。
  11. 一种电池(300)，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的防爆阀(300)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池(300)，其特征在于，所述电池(300)的能量密度为E，其中，所述E满足：170wh/kg≤E≤190wh/kg。
  13. 一种电池模组(400)，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求11或12所述的电池(300)。
  14. 一种电池包(500)，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求11或12所述的电池(300)，或根据权利要求13所述的电池模组(400)。
  15. 一种车辆(600)，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求11或12所述的电池(300)，或者根据权利要求14所述的电池包(500)。
PCT/CN2023/093513 2022-05-12 2023-05-11 防爆阀、电池、电池模组、电池包以及车辆 WO2023217228A1 (zh)

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