WO2023142648A1 - 用于电池的防爆阀贴片、端盖组件、电池和用电装置 - Google Patents

用于电池的防爆阀贴片、端盖组件、电池和用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023142648A1
WO2023142648A1 PCT/CN2022/134913 CN2022134913W WO2023142648A1 WO 2023142648 A1 WO2023142648 A1 WO 2023142648A1 CN 2022134913 W CN2022134913 W CN 2022134913W WO 2023142648 A1 WO2023142648 A1 WO 2023142648A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
explosion
patch
proof valve
closed
battery
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PCT/CN2022/134913
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈圣旺
周文林
郭志君
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023142648A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023142648A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an explosion-proof valve patch for batteries, an end cover assembly, batteries and electrical devices.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an explosion-proof valve sticker for a battery, an end cover assembly, a battery and an electrical device, aiming at improving the protection capability of the explosion-proof valve.
  • the first aspect of the present disclosure provides an explosion-proof valve patch for a battery, the explosion-proof valve patch has a vent hole, and the explosion-proof valve patch includes: a patch body; and a closed convex ring, from which the patch The surface of the main body protrudes to the same side and is provided on the patch main body, and the air vent is located on the closed convex ring or in the area surrounded by the closed convex ring.
  • the closed protruding ring since the closed protruding ring is set, and the vent hole is located on the closed protruding ring or in the area surrounded by the closed protruding ring, the closed protruding ring can block the liquid around it, such as electrolysis Liquid, so as to prevent the electrolyte from flowing to the vent hole, and flow into the space between the explosion-proof valve patch and the explosion-proof valve through the vent hole, preventing the electrolyte from corroding the explosion-proof valve.
  • the closed convex ring has a strong The anti-deformation ability is beneficial to maintain the shape of the closed convex ring, which is beneficial to maintain the protection ability of the explosion-proof valve.
  • the closed convex ring and the patch main body are formed integrally from the same sheet. This setting is beneficial to the processing and molding of the explosion-proof valve patch, and has high processing efficiency.
  • the projection of the closed convex ring on the patch body includes at least one closed contour line, and the shape of each closed contour line is a curve, a polygon, or a combination of a curve and a straight line. combination.
  • the closed protruding ring can be set in various shapes, which is beneficial to select the appropriate shape of the closed protruding ring according to the material and thickness of the explosion-proof valve patch, the shape and position of the parts around the explosion-proof valve patch, and improve the protection ability and protection of the explosion-proof valve patch. adaptability.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the closed convex ring perpendicular to the extending direction of the closed convex ring is curved, polygonal or a combination of curved lines and straight lines.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the closed convex ring can be set to a variety of shapes, which is beneficial to select the appropriate cross-sectional shape of the closed convex ring according to the material and thickness of the explosion-proof valve patch, the shape and position of the parts around the explosion-proof valve patch, and improve the explosion-proof valve patch. protection and adaptability.
  • the explosion-proof valve patch further includes a reinforcing rib adjacent to the closed convex ring to strengthen the strength of the closed convex ring, and the reinforcing rib protrudes from the surface of the patch main body. It is arranged on the main body of the patch.
  • the arrangement of the reinforcing rib is beneficial to further improve the deformation resistance of the closed protruding ring, thereby facilitating maintaining the shape of the closed protruding ring and maintaining the protection ability of the explosion-proof valve.
  • the reinforcing rib and the patch main body are integrally formed from the same sheet material. This setting is beneficial to the processing and molding of the explosion-proof valve patch, and has high processing efficiency.
  • the reinforcing rib includes: an outer reinforcing rib segment located outside the area surrounded by the closed convex ring; and/or an inner reinforcing rib segment located at the area surrounded by the closed convex ring inside the area.
  • the reinforcing ribs include external reinforcing rib segments and/or internal reinforcing rib segments, both of which can improve the deformation resistance of the closed convex ring.
  • the external reinforcing rib segments are not limited by the size of the area surrounded by the closed convex ring, and the setting can be more flexible.
  • the internal reinforcing ribs The segment does not occupy the area outside the closed protruding ring, which is beneficial to better avoid the battery and other parts of the end cap assembly during assembly and use.
  • the reinforcing rib includes the inner reinforcing rib segment, wherein the vent hole avoids the inner reinforcing rib segment; or the vent hole is located at the inner reinforcing rib paragraph.
  • This setting is beneficial to take into account the setting of the positions of the reinforcing ribs and the exhaust holes, and makes the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs and the exhaust holes more flexible.
  • the reinforcing edge includes: a straight reinforcing edge segment extending along a straight line; and/or a curved reinforcing edge segment extending along a curved line. This setting is beneficial to flexibly arrange the reinforcing ribs according to the space near the closed convex ring.
  • the reinforcing ribs include: reinforcing rib segments on the same side, which are in the same direction as the protruding direction of the closed convex ring from the surface of the patch main body; and/or reinforcing rib segments on different sides , opposite to the direction in which the closed raised ring protrudes from the surface of the patch body. This setting is beneficial to flexibly arrange the reinforcing ribs according to the space near the closed convex ring.
  • the reinforcing rib includes: a connecting reinforcing rib segment connected to the closed convex ring; and/or a spaced reinforcing rib segment spaced from the closed convex ring. This setting is beneficial to flexibly arrange the reinforcing ribs according to the space near the closed convex ring.
  • the second aspect of the present disclosure provides an end cover assembly, including: an end plate; an explosion-proof valve disposed on the end plate; and an explosion-proof valve patch, which is the explosion-proof valve patch described in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the explosion-proof valve
  • the valve patch covers the explosion-proof valve, and the closed convex ring of the explosion-proof valve patch protrudes from the surface of the patch body to a side away from the explosion-proof valve.
  • the end cap assembly of the present disclosure has the same advantages as the explosion vent patch of the present disclosure.
  • a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery including the end cap assembly of the second aspect of the present disclosure.
  • the battery of the present disclosure has the same advantages as the end cap assembly and explosion vent patch of the present disclosure.
  • a fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides an electric device, including the battery according to the third aspect of the present disclosure, and the battery provides electric energy for the electric device.
  • the electric device of the present disclosure has the same advantages as the battery, the end cover assembly and the explosion-proof valve sticker of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an end cap assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the end cap assembly shown in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the T-T direction of FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the U portion in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an explosion-proof valve patch according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an explosion-proof valve patch according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • orientation words such as “front, back, up, down, left, right", “horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal” and “top, bottom” etc. indicate the orientation Or positional relationship is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description. In the absence of a contrary statement, these orientation words do not indicate or imply the device or element referred to Must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure; the orientation words “inside and outside” refer to inside and outside relative to the outline of each part itself.
  • orientation words such as “front, back, up, down, left, right", “horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal” and “top, bottom” etc. indicate the orientation Or positional relationship is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description. In the absence of a contrary statement, these orientation words do not indicate or imply the device or element referred to Must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure; the orientation words “inside and outside” refer to inside and outside relative to the outline of each part itself.
  • the explosion-proof valve sticker of the battery in the embodiment of the present disclosure is a diaphragm structure, which is attached above the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell, and is used to balance the pressure difference inside and outside the explosion-proof valve and prevent the electrolyte from entering the explosion-proof valve.
  • vent holes can be set on the explosion-proof valve plate to accurately detect the air-tight performance of the explosion-proof valve during air-tightness testing.
  • the electrolyte may flow onto the explosion-proof valve patch and enter through the vent hole on it. In the space between the explosion-proof valve sticker and the explosion-proof valve, the protection ability of the explosion-proof valve sticker on the explosion-proof valve is reduced.
  • a boss protruding away from the explosion-proof valve can be provided on the explosion-proof valve patch, and the vent hole can be arranged on the boss. Electrolyte flowing through the vent hole.
  • the inventor found that the explosion-proof valve patch itself needs to have a certain deformation ability to prevent adverse effects on the relevant structure of the battery, and set a boss on the explosion-proof valve patch, and the exhaust
  • the boss is more likely to be deformed. After the boss is deformed, it is still difficult to prevent the flow of electrolyte to the vent hole, so it is difficult to play the role of the boss, which affects the protective effect of the explosion-proof valve patch.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an explosion-proof valve patch for a battery, an end cap assembly, a battery, and an electrical device.
  • the electric device of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the battery of the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the battery is used for powering the electric device.
  • a battery of an embodiment of the present disclosure includes an end cap assembly of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the end cap assembly of an embodiment of the present disclosure includes the explosion relief valve patch of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the electrical device can be a mobile phone, a portable device, a notebook computer, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, an electric toy, an electric tool, etc.
  • Toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • Electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools , such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers.
  • a battery in embodiments of the present disclosure refers to a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery may include a battery module or a battery pack or the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery consists of three levels: battery cells, battery modules and battery packs.
  • a battery cell refers to the smallest unit that makes up a battery module or battery pack.
  • a plurality of battery cells may be connected in series and/or in parallel via electrode terminals for various applications. In some high-power applications such as electric vehicles.
  • a battery module is formed by electrically connecting a certain number of battery cells together and putting them in a frame in order to protect the battery cells from external shock, heat, vibration, etc.
  • the level of the battery module can be omitted, that is, the battery pack is formed directly from the battery cells.
  • a battery pack is the final state of a battery system that is incorporated into a high-power consumer device such as an electric vehicle.
  • a battery pack generally includes a case for enclosing one or more battery cells.
  • the box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the box body is generally composed of a cover body and a box shell.
  • Most of the current battery packs are made by assembling various control and protection systems such as battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) and thermal management components on one or more battery modules.
  • BMS Battery Management System
  • the batteries mentioned in the embodiments of the present disclosure include battery cells, battery modules or battery packs.
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the battery cell mainly includes a battery cell assembly, a casing and an end cover assembly, and the battery cell assembly is encapsulated in the casing through the end cover of the end cover assembly.
  • the battery cell assembly is the part where the electrochemical reaction occurs in the battery cell.
  • the casing may contain one or more cell assemblies.
  • the cell assembly is mainly formed by winding or stacking the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and usually a separator is provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the part of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with the active material constitutes the main body of the cell assembly, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without the active material respectively constitute tabs.
  • the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab can be located at one end of the main body together or at two ends of the main body respectively.
  • the cell assembly may be of a winding structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
  • the electrode assembly can be a wound structure.
  • the strip-shaped first pole piece, the diaphragm and the second pole piece are sequentially laminated and wound more than two times to form an electrode assembly, and the electrode assembly may be flat.
  • the electrode assembly can be directly wound into a flat shape, so that the electrode assembly has a roughly hexahedral structure, or it can be wound into a hollow cylindrical structure first, and then flattened into a flat shape after winding.
  • the flat surface is substantially parallel to the winding axis and is the outer surface with the largest area.
  • a flat surface may be a relatively flat surface and does not need to be a pure plane.
  • the electrode assembly can also be a laminated structure, that is, the electrode assembly includes a plurality of first pole pieces and a plurality of second pole pieces, and the diaphragm is arranged between the first pole pieces and the second pole pieces.
  • the first pole piece and the second pole piece are stacked.
  • the case is an assembly that is used to cooperate with the end cap to form the internal environment of the battery cell, wherein the internal environment formed can be used to contain the cell assembly, electrolyte and other components.
  • the casing and the end cover can be independent parts, and an opening can be provided on the casing, and the internal environment of the battery cell can be formed by making the end cover cover the opening at the opening.
  • the housing can be in various shapes and dimensions, such as cuboid, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the battery cell assembly.
  • the housing can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the end cap refers to a component that covers the opening of the casing to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap can be adapted to the shape of the housing to fit the housing.
  • the end cover can be made of a material with certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that the end cover is not easy to deform when being squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell can have higher structural strength, Safety features could also be improved.
  • Functional components such as electrode terminals can be provided on the end cap. The electrode terminals can be used for electrical connection with the battery cell assembly, so as to output or input the electric energy of the battery cells.
  • the end cap may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold value.
  • the material of the end cap may also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the pressure relief mechanism refers to an element or part that is activated to relieve the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold.
  • the threshold design varies according to design requirements. The threshold may depend on the materials of one or more of the positive pole piece, the negative pole piece, the electrolyte and the separator in the battery cell.
  • the pressure relief mechanism can use an explosion-proof valve. When the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism will perform an action or the weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism will be destroyed, thereby forming an explosion-proof valve for internal pressure or temperature release. openings or passages.
  • the pressure relief mechanism When the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, the high-temperature and high-pressure material inside the battery cell will be discharged from the actuated part as discharge. In this way, the pressure and temperature of the battery cells can be released under the condition of controllable pressure or temperature, so as to avoid potential more serious accidents.
  • the explosion-proof valve is usually arranged on the end cover of the battery cell.
  • the explosion-proof valve can be a part of the flat surface of the end cover, or can be welded with the flat surface of the end cover.
  • the explosion-proof valve can have a score whose depth is smaller than the thickness of the other areas of the explosion-proof valve except the score to achieve the purpose of not penetrating the explosion-proof valve, that is, under normal conditions, the explosion-proof valve is sealed with the end cover,
  • the end cover is connected with the casing at the opening of the casing to form a shell for placing the electrode assembly, and the space formed by the shell is airtight.
  • the explosion-proof valve cracks at the notch and the inside and outside of the shell communicate, and the gas passes through the explosion-proof valve. The split is released outwards, thereby avoiding an explosion.
  • an insulator can also be provided inside the end cover, and the insulator can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing from the end cover, so as to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member may be plastic, rubber or the like.
  • the explosion-proof valve patch 15 for the battery of the disclosed embodiment has an air vent 15A
  • the explosion-proof valve patch 15 includes: a patch body 151; and a closed convex ring 152, from which the patch The surface of the main body 151 protrudes from the patch main body 151 to the same side, and the exhaust hole 15A is located on the closed protruding ring 152 or in the area surrounded by the closed protruding ring 152 .
  • the closed protruding ring 152 can block the Liquid, such as electrolyte, thereby can prevent electrolyte from flowing to the vent hole 15A, and flow to the space between the explosion-proof valve patch 15 and the explosion-proof valve 14 through the vent hole 15A, preventing the electrolyte from corroding the explosion-proof valve,
  • the closed convex ring 152 has stronger deformation resistance than the boss, which is beneficial to keep the closed
  • the shape of the protruding ring 152 is conducive to maintaining the protection capability of the explosion-proof valve 14 .
  • the vent hole 15A is provided to ensure that the explosion-proof valve patch 15 protects the explosion-proof valve 14 and at the same time ensures that the explosion-proof valve 14 will not be misjudged due to the existence of the explosion-proof valve patch 15 when the airtight test is performed.
  • the explosion-proof valve patch 15 can be made of materials such as PP (polypropylene, polypropylene), PC (Polycarbonate, polycarbonate), PET (Polyethylene terephthalate, polyester resin), and the thickness can be, for example, 0.08mm to 0.4mm.
  • the closed convex ring 152 The protruding height relative to the patch main body 151 is, for example, 0.2 mm to 1.2 mm.
  • the shape and number of the vent holes 15A can be set as required.
  • the vent holes are, for example, round holes with a diameter of 0.2 mm or more.
  • the closed protruding ring 152 and the sticker main body 151 are integrally formed from the same sheet material. This setting is beneficial to the processing and forming of the explosion-proof valve patch 15, and has higher processing efficiency.
  • the closed protruding ring 152 of the explosion-proof valve patch 15 and the patch main body 151 can be integrally formed by hot pressing.
  • the projection of the closed protruding ring 152 on the patch body 151 includes at least one closed contour line, and each closed contour line is in the shape of a curve, a polygon or a combination of a curve and a straight line.
  • Closed protruding ring 152 can be set to various shapes and is conducive to selecting the shape of suitable closed protruding ring 152 according to the material of explosion-proof valve patch 15, thickness, shape and position of explosion-proof valve patch 15 surrounding parts, improves the explosion-proof valve patch. 15 protection capabilities and adaptability.
  • each closed contour line is a circle as shown in FIGS. 2 to 8 .
  • each closed contour line can also be a curved shape such as an ellipse, a quincunx shape, or a polygon shape such as a triangle, a quadrilateral, or a hexagon. These are all ovals, all polygons with rounded corners, etc., which are combinations of curves and straight lines, etc.
  • the line types of the multiple closed contour lines may be the same, for example, they are all circular. In an unillustrated embodiment, the line types of the multiple closed contour lines may also be different.
  • the closed contour line on the outside of the top of the closed convex ring may be polygonal, while the closed contour line on the inside of the top of the closed convex ring may be circular.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the closed convex ring 152 perpendicular to the extending direction of the closed convex ring is curved, polygonal or a combination of curved lines and straight lines.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the closed convex ring 152 can be set to various shapes, which is conducive to selecting the cross-sectional shape of the suitable closed convex ring 152 according to the material of the explosion-proof valve patch 15, the thickness, the shape and the position of the parts around the explosion-proof valve patch 15, and improving Protection capability and adaptability of explosion-proof valve patch 15.
  • the aforementioned cross-sectional shape of the closed protruding ring may be a combination of straight lines and curved lines, for example, it may be a polygon with arc-shaped chamfers in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 8 .
  • the aforementioned cross-sectional shape of the closed protruding ring may also be a curved shape such as a circular arc, an elliptical arc, or the like.
  • the aforementioned cross-sectional shape of the closed protruding ring may also be a polygonal shape such as a triangle or a trapezoid.
  • the explosion-proof valve patch 15 also includes a reinforcing rib 153 close to the closed convex ring 152 to strengthen the strength of the closed convex ring 152, and the reinforced rib 153 is formed from A surface of the patch body 151 is protrudingly disposed on the patch body 151 . Setting the reinforcing rib 153 is beneficial to further improve the deformation resistance of the closed protruding ring 152, thereby helping to maintain the shape of the closed protruding ring 152, so as to maintain the protection ability of the explosion-proof valve 14.
  • the reinforcing rib 153 and the sticker main body 151 are integrally formed by the same sheet material. This setting is beneficial to the processing and forming of the explosion-proof valve patch 15, and has higher processing efficiency.
  • the closed convex ring 152 of the explosion-proof valve patch 15 , the patch body 151 and the reinforcing edge 153 can be integrally formed by hot pressing.
  • the reinforcing rib 153 includes: an outer reinforcing rib segment located outside the area surrounded by the closed protruding ring 152; and/or an inner reinforcing rib segment located in the area surrounded by the closed protruding ring 152 internal.
  • the reinforcing rib 153 includes an external reinforcing rib segment and/or an internal reinforcing rib segment, which can improve the deformation resistance of the closed convex ring 152.
  • the external reinforcing rib segment is not limited by the size of the area surrounded by the closed convex ring 152, and the setting can be more flexible.
  • the reinforcing ribs do not occupy the area outside the closed protruding ring 152 , which is beneficial to better avoid the battery and other parts of the end cap assembly 10 during assembly and use.
  • the reinforcing rib 153 includes an inner reinforcing rib segment, wherein the vent hole 15A avoids the inner reinforcing rib segment; or the vent hole 15A is located on the inner reinforcing rib segment.
  • This setting is beneficial to take into account the position setting of the reinforcing rib and the vent hole 15A, making the arrangement of the reinforcing rib and the vent hole 15A more flexible.
  • the reinforcing edge 153 includes: a straight reinforcing edge segment; and/or a curved reinforcing edge segment.
  • This setting is beneficial to flexibly arrange the reinforcing ribs according to the space near the closed protruding ring 152 .
  • the plurality of reinforcing ribs can be arranged in a straight line, such as a straight reinforcing rib extending in the radial direction, or in a radial direction.
  • Straight reinforcing ribs at a certain angle, and multiple reinforcing ribs can also be arranged in a curved shape, such as arc-shaped reinforcing ribs or S-shaped reinforcing ribs.
  • a plurality of rectilinear or curved reinforcing ribs distributed in the circumferential direction can also be arranged outside the closed collar 152 .
  • the reinforcing rib 153 includes: the reinforcing rib segment on the same side, which is the same as the direction in which the closed convex ring 152 protrudes from the surface of the patch body 151; and/or the reinforcing rib segment on the different side, The closed protrusion ring 152 protrudes from the surface of the patch body 151 in opposite directions. This setting is beneficial to flexibly arrange the reinforcing ribs according to the space near the closed protruding ring 152 .
  • the reinforcing rib 153 includes: a connecting reinforcing rib segment connected to the closed protruding ring 152 ; and/or a spaced reinforcing rib segment spaced from the closed protruding ring 152 .
  • This setting is beneficial to flexibly arrange the reinforcing ribs according to the space near the closed protruding ring 152 .
  • the multiple rib segments of the reinforcing rib 153 are spaced reinforcing rib segments spaced from the closed convex ring 152 .
  • the same reinforcing rib segment can have multiple attributes, for example, the same reinforcing rib segment can be an internal reinforcing rib segment, a curved reinforcing rib segment, a different side reinforcing rib segment and an interval reinforcing rib segment .
  • the end cover assembly 10 of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes: an end plate 11; an explosion-proof valve 14, which is arranged on the end plate 11; Covering the explosion-proof valve 14 , the closed protruding ring 152 of the explosion-proof valve patch 15 protrudes from the surface of the patch body 151 to a side away from the explosion-proof valve 14 .
  • the end cap assembly 10 of the disclosed embodiment has the same advantages as the explosion-proof valve patch 15 of the disclosed embodiment.
  • the battery of the disclosed embodiment includes the end cap assembly 10 of the disclosed embodiment.
  • the battery of the disclosed embodiment has the same advantages as the end cap assembly 10 and the explosion-proof valve patch 15 of the disclosed embodiment.
  • the electric device in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the battery in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the battery provides electric energy for the electric device.
  • the electrical device of the embodiment of the present disclosure has the same advantages as the battery, the end cover assembly 10 and the explosion-proof valve patch 15 of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the explosion-proof valve sticker for the battery, the end cap assembly with the explosion-proof valve sticker, the battery and the electrical equipment according to the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 8 .
  • the batteries and electrical devices of the embodiments of the present disclosure refer to the previous descriptions.
  • the electric device may be a vehicle D, and the vehicle D includes a battery, and the battery is used to provide electric energy for the vehicle.
  • the vehicle is, for example, a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle.
  • a battery of an embodiment of the present disclosure includes one battery cell.
  • the battery cell includes an end cap assembly 10, a casing 50, a first cell assembly 41, a second cell assembly 42, a first connecting piece 20 and a second connecting piece 30, and other functional part.
  • the first connecting piece 20 connects the positive pole lugs of the cell assemblies 41 and 42 and the first electrode terminal 12 on the end cover 11 of the end cap assembly 10
  • the second connecting piece 30 connects the negative pole lugs of the battery assemblies 41 and 42 and The second electrode terminal 13 on the end cap 11 of the end cap assembly 10 .
  • the end cap assembly 10 of the disclosed embodiment includes an end cap 11 , a first electrode terminal 12 , a second electrode terminal 13 , an explosion-proof valve 14 , an explosion-proof valve sticker 15 and an insulating plate 16 .
  • the end cap 11 is used to cooperate with the casing 50 to encapsulate the electrode assemblies 41 and 42 in the closed space formed by the end cap 11 and the casing 50 .
  • the first electrode terminal 12 is a positive terminal, and is electrically connected to the positive lugs of the first cell assembly 41 and the second cell assembly 42 through the first connecting piece 20;
  • the second electrode terminal 13 is a negative terminal, and is connected through the second connecting piece.
  • 30 is electrically connected to the negative tabs of the first cell assembly 41 and the second cell assembly 42 .
  • the insulating plate 16 is arranged between the end cover 11 and the first connecting piece 20 and the second connecting piece 30, and is used to realize the connection between the end cover 11 and the first connecting piece 20, the second connecting piece 30 and the first electrode assembly 41 and the second connecting piece. Insulation between electrode assemblies 42 .
  • the explosion-proof valve patch 15 of the battery has a vent hole 15A.
  • the anti-explosion valve patch 15 includes a patch body 151 and a circular closed protruding ring 152 .
  • the cross-sectional shape of the closed protruding ring 152 perpendicular to the extending direction of the closed protruding ring is a square with arc-shaped chamfers, and the connection between the square with arc-shaped chamfers and the patch main body 151 also has arc-shaped chamfers.
  • each closed contour line is a circle.
  • the closed protruding ring 152 protrudes from the surface of the patch body 151 to the same side and is disposed on the patch body 151 .
  • a circular vent hole 15A is located in the area enclosed by the closed collar 152 .
  • the closed protruding ring 152 and the patch main body 151 are integrally formed from the same sheet material by hot pressing.
  • the explosion-proof valve patch 15 is made of PP material with a thickness of 0.2mm.
  • the shape of the patch main body 151 is an oval, and the exhaust hole 15A is concentrically arranged with the closed convex ring 152 and is located at the center of the oval.
  • the shape of the patch main body 151, the position of the vent hole 15A, and the closed convex ring 152 are not limited thereto, but may be set and arranged as required.
  • the air vent 15A can also be provided on the closed protruding ring 152 , for example, it can be provided on the top wall of the closed protruding ring 152 away from the patch main body 151 , or it can be provided on the inner side wall of the closed protruding ring 152 .
  • the protruding height of the closed convex ring 152 relative to the patch main body 151 is 0.5 mm, and the shape and number of the vent holes 15A can be set as required, and the diameter of the vent holes 15A is, for example, 0.3 mm.
  • the explosion-proof valve patch 15 also includes a reinforcing rib 153 close to the closed convex ring 152 to strengthen the strength of the closed convex ring 152, and the reinforced rib 153 is formed from A surface of the patch body 151 is protrudingly disposed on the patch body 151 .
  • the reinforcing rib 153 includes four reinforcing rib segments arranged radially inside the area surrounded by the closed protruding ring 152 .
  • the exhaust hole 15A avoids each reinforcing edge segment.
  • Each reinforcing edge segment belongs to the aforementioned internal reinforcing edge segment, the straight line reinforcing edge segment extending in a straight line, the reinforcing edge segment on the same side as the direction in which the closed protruding ring 152 protrudes from the surface of the patch main body 151, and the reinforcing edge segment separated from the closed protruding ring 152 The set spacing reinforces the edge segment.
  • the reinforcing rib 153 includes a circular reinforcing rib segment located inside the area surrounded by the closed protruding ring 152 .
  • the air vent 15A avoids the reinforcing edge segment.
  • the reinforcing edge segment belongs to the aforementioned internal reinforcing edge segment, the curved reinforcing edge segment extending along the curve, the reinforcing edge segment on the same side as the direction in which the closed protruding ring 152 protrudes from the surface of the patch main body 151 and is spaced apart from the closed protruding ring 152 The set spacing reinforces the edge segment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供了一种用于电池的防爆阀贴片、端盖组件、电池和用电装置。防爆阀贴片具有排气孔，包括：贴片主体；和闭合凸环，从贴片主体的表面向同一侧突出地设置于贴片主体上，排气孔位于闭合凸环上或闭合凸环围设的区域内。本公开的防爆阀贴片利于保持对防爆阀的防护能力。本公开的端盖组件包括该防爆阀贴片。本公开的电池包括该端盖组件。本公开的用电装置包括该电池。

Description

用于电池的防爆阀贴片、端盖组件、电池和用电装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2022年1月27日提交的名称为“用于电池的防爆阀贴片、端盖组件、电池和用电装置”的中国专利申请202220227530.X的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及电池技术领域，特别涉及一种用于电池的防爆阀贴片、端盖组件、电池和用电装置。
背景技术
目前，二次电池的安全性越来越被关注，如何在电池的全生命周期中保证电池不发生安全事故，已成为电池行业内共同关注的课题之一。为了在使用中保护电池的防爆阀，会在防爆阀上方贴上防爆阀贴片。
发明内容
本公开的目的在于提供一种用于电池的防爆阀贴片、端盖组件、电池和用电装置，旨在提高防爆阀的防护能力。
本公开第一方面提供一种用于电池的防爆阀贴片，所述防爆阀贴片具有排气孔，所述防爆阀贴片包括：贴片主体；和闭合凸环，从所述贴片主体的表面向同一侧突出地设置于所述贴片主体上，所述排气孔位于所述闭合凸环上或所述闭合凸环围设的区域内。
本公开的防爆阀贴片中，由于设置闭合凸环，且排气孔位于所述闭合凸环上或所述闭合凸环围设的区域内，闭合凸环可以阻挡其外周的液 体，如电解液，从而可以防止电解液流至排气孔，并经排气孔流至防爆阀贴片和防爆阀之间的空间内，防止电解液对防爆阀产生腐蚀，同时，闭合凸环具有较强的抗变形能力，利于保持闭合凸环的形状，从而利于保持对防爆阀的防护能力。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片中，所述闭合凸环与所述贴片主体由同一片材一体加工形成。该设置利于防爆阀贴片加工成型，具有较高的加工效率。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片中，所述闭合凸环在所述贴片主体上的投影包括至少一条闭合轮廓线，各所述闭合轮廓线的形状为曲线形、多边形或曲线与直线的组合。闭合凸环可以设置为多种形状有利于根据防爆阀贴片的材质、厚度、防爆阀贴片周围部件的形状和位置等选择合适的闭合凸环的形状，提高防爆阀贴片的防护能力和适应性。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片中，所述闭合凸环的垂直于所述闭合凸环的延伸方向的截面的截面形状为曲线形、多边形或曲线与直线的组合。闭合凸环的截面形状可以设置为多种形状有利于根据防爆阀贴片的材质、厚度、防爆阀贴片周围部件的形状和位置等选择合适的闭合凸环的截面形状，提高防爆阀贴片的防护能力和适应性。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片中，防爆阀贴片还包括靠近所述闭合凸环以加强所述闭合凸环的强度的加强棱，所述加强棱从所述贴片主体的表面突出地设置于所述贴片主体上。设置加强棱有利于进一步提高闭合凸环的抗变形能力，从而利于保持闭合凸环的形状，以利于保持对防爆阀的防护能力。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片中，所述加强棱与所述贴片主体由同一片材一体加工形成。该设置利于防爆阀贴片加工成型，具有较高的加工效 率。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片中，所述加强棱包括：外部加强棱段，位于所述闭合凸环围设的区域外部；和/或内部加强棱段，位于所述闭合凸环围设的区域内部。加强棱包括外部加强棱段和/或内部加强棱段，均可提高闭合凸环的抗变形能力，外部加强棱段不受闭合凸环围设的区域大小限制，设置可以更加灵活，内部加强棱段可以不占用闭合凸环外的面积，在组装和使用时利于更好地避让电池和端盖组件的其它部件。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片中，所述加强棱包括所述内部加强棱段，其中，所述排气孔避让所述内部加强棱段；或所述排气孔位于所述内部加强棱段上。该设置利于兼顾加强棱和排气孔的位置设置，使加强棱和排气孔的布置更加灵活。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片中，所述加强棱包括：直线加强棱段，所述直线加强棱段沿直线延伸；和/或曲线加强棱段，所述曲线加强棱段沿曲线延伸。该设置利于根据闭合凸环附近空间灵活布置加强棱。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片中，所述加强棱包括：同侧加强棱段，与所述闭合凸环从所述贴片主体的表面突出的方向相同；和/或异侧加强棱段，与所述闭合凸环从所述贴片主体的表面突出的方向相反。该设置利于根据闭合凸环附近空间灵活布置加强棱。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片中，所述加强棱包括：连接加强棱段，与所述闭合凸环连接；和/或间隔加强棱段，与所述闭合凸环间隔。该设置利于根据闭合凸环附近空间灵活布置加强棱。
本公开第二方面提供一种端盖组件，包括：端板；防爆阀，设置于所述端板上；和防爆阀贴片，为本公开实施例所述的防爆阀贴片，所述防爆阀贴片覆盖于所述防爆阀上，所述防爆阀贴片的闭合凸环从所述贴片主 体的表面向远离所述防爆阀的一侧突出。本公开的端盖组件与本公开的防爆阀贴片具有相同的优点。
本公开第三方面提供一种电池，包括本公开第二方面的端盖组件。本公开的电池与本公开的端盖组件和防爆阀贴片具有相同的优点。
本公开第四方面提供一种用电装置，包括本公开第三方面的电池，所述电池为所述用电装置提供电能。本公开的用电装置与本公开实施例的电池、端盖组件和防爆阀贴片具有相同的优点。
通过以下参照附图对本公开的示例性实施例的详细描述，本公开的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本公开的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本公开一实施例的用电装置的结构示意图。
图2为本公开一实施例的电池的分解结构示意图。
图3为本公开一实施例的端盖组件的分解结构示意图。
图4为图3所示的端盖组件的俯视结构示意图。
图5为图4的T-T向结构示意图。
图6为图5的U部放大结构示意图。
图7为本公开一实施例的防爆阀贴片的结构示意图。
图8为本公开一实施例的防爆阀贴片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本公开及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本公开的范围。同时，应当明白，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，使用“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定零部件，仅仅是为了便于对相应零部件进行区别，如没有另行声明，上述词语并没有特殊含义，因此不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公 开和简化描述，在未作相反说明的情况下，这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制；方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本公开及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本公开的范围。同时，应当明白，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，使用“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定零部件，仅仅是为了便于对相应零部件进行区别，如没有另行声明，上述词语并没有特殊含义，因此不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，在未作相反说明的情况下，这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制；方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。
本公开实施例的电池的防爆阀贴片为膜片结构，其贴合于电池单体的防爆阀上方，用于平衡防爆阀内外的压差，防止电解液浸入防爆阀。
由于防爆阀贴片会有一定的密封作用，检测防爆阀气密性是否良好时，可能会使有气密缺陷的防爆阀被误判为气密性良好。为此，可以在防爆阀帖片上设置排气孔，以在气密性检测时准确地检测防爆阀的气密性能。然而，由于设置排气孔，如果电池的端盖上存在液体时，例如因电解液溢流等原因存在电解液时，电解液可能流到防爆阀贴片上并通过其上的排气孔进入防爆阀贴片和防爆阀之间的空间内，从而导致防爆阀贴片对防爆阀的防护能力降低。为此，防止电解液等液体向排气孔流动，可以在防爆阀贴片上设置向远离防爆阀的方向突出的凸台，并将排气孔设置于凸台上，通过凸台可以阻挡向排气孔流动的电解液。
然而，在实现本申请的过程中，发明人发现，防爆阀贴片本身需具有一定的变形能力以防止对电池的相关结构产生不利影响，在防爆阀贴片上设置凸台，并将排气孔设置于凸台上的技术方案中，凸台较易发生变形，凸台变形后仍难以阻挡电解液向排气孔流动，从而难以发挥凸台的作用，影响防爆阀贴片的防护效果。
为了解决前述技术问题，本申请实施例提供一种用于电池的防爆阀 贴片、端盖组件、电池和用电装置。
本公开实施例的用电装置包括本公开实施例的电池，电池用于为用电装置供电。本公开实施例的电池包括本公开实施例的端盖组件。本公开实施例的端盖组件包括本公开实施例的防爆阀贴片。
该用电装置可以是手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等，例如，航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等，电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨。
本公开实施例的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池包括三个层次：电池单体、电池模块和电池包。电池单体是指组成电池模块或电池包的最小单元。
多个电池单体可经由电极端子而被串联和/或并联在一起以应用于各种应用场合。在一些诸如电动汽车等的大功率应用场合。
电池模块是为了从外部冲击、热、振动等中保护电池单体，将一定数目的电池单体电连接在一起并放入一个框架中而形成的。随着技术的发展，电池模块这个层次可以被省略，也即，直接由电池单体形成电池包。
电池包则是装入如电动汽车等大功率用电装置的电池系统的最终状态。电池包一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免 液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。箱体一般由盖体和箱壳组成。目前的大部分电池包是在一个或多个电池模块上装配电池管理系统(Battery Management System，BMS)、热管理部件等各种控制和保护系统而制成的。
本公开实施例中所提到的电池包括电池单体、电池模块或电池包。
本公开的实施例中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本公开实施例对此并不作限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本公开实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本公开实施例对此也不作限定。
电池单体主要包括电芯组件、壳体和端盖组件，电芯组件通过端盖组件的端盖封装于壳体内。
电芯组件是电池单体中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体内可以包含一个或更多个电芯组件。电芯组件主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电芯组件的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳连接电极端子以形成电流回路。电芯组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本公开实施例并不限于此。
电极组件可以为卷绕式结构。其中，将带状的第一极片、隔膜以及第二极片依次层叠并卷绕两圈以上形成电极组件，并且电极组件可以呈扁平状。在电极组件制作时，电极组件可直接卷绕为扁平状，使电极组件大 致为六面体结构，也可以先卷绕成中空的圆柱形结构，卷绕之后再压平为扁平状。扁平面大致平行于卷绕轴线且为面积最大的外表面。扁平面可以是相对平整的表面，并不要求是纯平面。
电极组件也可为叠片式结构，即电极组件中包括多个第一极片以及多个第二极片，隔膜设置在第一极片和第二极片之间。第一极片和第二极片层叠设置。
壳体是用于配合端盖以形成电池单体的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电芯组件、电解质以及其他部件。壳体和端盖可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖盖合开口以形成电池单体的内部环境。壳体可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体的形状可以根据电芯组件的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本公开实施例对此不作特殊限制。
端盖是指盖合于壳体的开口处以将电池单体的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。端盖的形状可以与壳体的形状相适应以配合壳体。可选地，端盖可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖上可以设置有如电极端子等的功能性部件。电极端子可以用于与电芯组件电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体的电能。在一些实施例中，端盖上还可以设置有用于在电池单体的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构。端盖的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本公开实施例对此不作限制。
泄压机构是指电池单体的内部压力或温度达到预定阈值时致动以泄 放内部压力或温度的元件或部件。该阈值设计根据设计需求不同而不同。所述阈值可能取决于电池单体中的正极极片、负极极片、电解液和隔离膜中一种或几种的材料。泄压机构可以采用防爆阀，当电池单体的内部压力或温度达到预定阈值时，泄压机构执行动作或者泄压机构中设有的薄弱结构被破坏，从而形成可供内部压力或温度泄放的开口或通道。
泄压机构在致动时，电池单体的内部的高温高压物质作为排放物会从致动的部位向外排出。以此方式能够在可控压力或温度的情况下使电池单体发生泄压及泄温，从而避免潜在的更严重的事故发生。
防爆阀作为一种常用的泄压机构，通常设在电池单体的端盖上，防爆阀例如可以为端盖的平板面的一部分，也可以与端盖的平板面焊接。例如，防爆阀可以具有刻痕，该刻痕的深度小于防爆阀除刻痕处其他区域的厚度以达到不穿透防爆阀的目的，即在正常状态下，防爆阀与端盖密封结合，通过端盖在壳体的开口处与壳体连接形成放置电极组件的外壳，该外壳形成的空间密封不透气。该外壳内，当电池单体产生的气体太多时，气体发生膨胀使外壳内的气压升高至超出预设值时，防爆阀在刻痕处裂开而导致外壳内外相通，气体通过防爆阀的裂开处向外释放，进而避免发生爆炸。
在一些实施例中，在端盖的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体内的电连接部件与端盖，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
如图2至图8所示，本公开实施例的用于电池的防爆阀贴片15具有排气孔15A，防爆阀贴片15包括：贴片主体151；和闭合凸环152，从贴片主体151的表面向同一侧突出地设置于贴片主体151上，排气孔15A位于闭合凸环152上或闭合凸环152围设的区域内。
本公开实施例的防爆阀贴片15中，由于设置闭合凸环152，且排气孔15A位于闭合凸环152上或闭合凸环152围设的区域内，闭合凸环152可以阻挡其外周的液体，如电解液，从而可以防止电解液流至排气孔15A，并经排气孔15A流至防爆阀贴片15和防爆阀14之间的空间内，防止电解液对防爆阀产生腐蚀，同时，相对于仅设置凸台的相关技术而言，在同等条件下，如相同材质、相同厚度、相同外径等，闭合凸环152比凸台具有更强的抗变形能力，从而利于保持闭合凸环152的形状，以利于保持对防爆阀14的防护能力。其中，设置排气孔15A意在防爆阀贴片15起到保护防爆阀14的同时可以保证防爆阀14进行气密检测时不会因防爆阀贴片15的存在而发生误判。
防爆阀贴片15可以采用PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)、PC(Polycarbonate，聚碳酸酯)、PET(Polyethylene terephthalate，涤纶树脂)等材质制作，厚度例如可以为0.08mm～0.4mm，闭合凸环152相对于贴片主体151突出的高度例如为0.2mm～1.2mm，排气孔15A的形状和数量可以根据需要设置，排气孔例如为直径0.2mm以上的圆孔。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片15中，闭合凸环152与贴片主体151由同一片材一体加工形成。该设置利于防爆阀贴片15加工成型，具有较高的加工效率。例如，防爆阀贴片15的闭合凸环152与贴片主体151可以通过热压一体成型。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片15中，闭合凸环152在贴片主体151上的投影包括至少一条闭合轮廓线，各闭合轮廓线的形状为曲线形、多边形或曲线与直线的组合。闭合凸环152可以设置为多种形状有利于根据防爆阀贴片15的材质、厚度、防爆阀贴片15周围部件的形状和位置等选择合适的闭合凸环152的形状，提高防爆阀贴片15的防护能力和适应性。
例如，如图2至图8所示的闭合凸环152因本身结构存在过渡圆角，与贴片主体151之间也存在过渡圆角，在闭合凸环152的顶部内侧和外侧各形成多条闭合轮廓线。各闭合轮廓线的形状均为图2至图8所示的圆形。
在一些未图示的实施例中，各闭合轮廓线也可以均为椭圆形、均为梅花形等曲线形状，还可以均为三角形、均为四边形、均为六边形等多边形形状，亦可以为均为长圆形、均为圆角多边形等曲线与直线组合的形状等。
另外，多条闭合轮廓线的线型可以是相同的，如均为圆形。在未图示的实施例中，多条闭合轮廓线的线型也可以是不同的。例如位于闭合凸环顶部外侧的闭合轮廓线可以为多边形，而位于闭合凸环顶部内侧的闭合轮廓线可以是圆形。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片15中，闭合凸环152的垂直于闭合凸环的延伸方向的截面的截面形状为曲线形、多边形或曲线与直线的组合。闭合凸环152的截面形状可以设置为多种形状有利于根据防爆阀贴片15的材质、厚度、防爆阀贴片15周围部件的形状和位置等选择合适的闭合凸环152的截面形状，提高防爆阀贴片15的防护能力和适应性。
闭合凸环的前述截面形状可以是直线与曲线组合的形状，例如可以为图2至图8所示实施例的具有弧形倒角的多边形。闭合凸环的前述截面形状也可以是圆弧形，椭圆弧形等曲线形状。闭合凸环的前述截面形状还可以为三角形、梯形等多边形形状。
如图7和图8所示，在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片15中，防爆阀贴片15还包括靠近闭合凸环152以加强闭合凸环152的强度的加强棱153，加强棱153从贴片主体151的表面突出地设置于贴片主体151上。设置加强 棱153有利于进一步提高闭合凸环152的抗变形能力，从而利于保持闭合凸环152的形状，以利于保持对防爆阀14的防护能力。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片15中，加强棱153与贴片主体151由同一片材一体加工形成。该设置利于防爆阀贴片15加工成型，具有较高的加工效率。例如，防爆阀贴片15的闭合凸环152与贴片主体151以及加强棱153可以通过热压一体成型。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片15中，加强棱153包括：外部加强棱段，位于闭合凸环152围设的区域外部；和/或内部加强棱段，位于闭合凸环152围设的区域内部。加强棱153包括外部加强棱段和/或内部加强棱段，可提高闭合凸环152的抗变形能力，外部加强棱段不受闭合凸环152围设的区域大小限制，设置可以更加灵活，内部加强棱段可以不占用闭合凸环152外的面积，在组装和使用时利于更好地避让电池和端盖组件10的其它部件。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片15中，加强棱153包括内部加强棱段，其中，排气孔15A避让内部加强棱段；或排气孔15A位于内部加强棱段上。该设置利于兼顾加强棱和排气孔15A的位置设置，使加强棱和排气孔15A的布置更加灵活。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片15中，加强棱153包括：直线加强棱段；和/或曲线加强棱段。该设置利于根据闭合凸环152附近空间灵活布置加强棱。例如，如果在闭合凸环152与排气孔15A之间沿周向布置多个加强棱，多个加强棱可以布置为直线型的，如沿径向延伸的直线加强棱，或与径向呈一定角度的直线加强棱，多个加强棱也可以布置为曲线形的，如弧形的加强棱或S形的加强棱等。类似地，也可以在闭合凸环152外布置多个沿周向分布的直线的或曲线的加强棱。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片15中，加强棱153包括：同侧加强棱段，与闭合凸环152从贴片主体151的表面突出的方向相同；和/或异侧加强棱段，与闭合凸环152从贴片主体151的表面突出的方向相反。该设置利于根据闭合凸环152附近空间灵活布置加强棱。
在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片15中，加强棱153包括：连接加强棱段，与闭合凸环152连接；和/或间隔加强棱段，与闭合凸环152间隔。该设置利于根据闭合凸环152附近空间灵活布置加强棱。例如，图7所示实施例的防爆阀贴片15中加强棱153的多个棱段均为与闭合凸环152间隔的间隔加强棱段。
以上各实施例的加强棱的设置中，同一加强棱段可以具有多种属性，例如，同一加强棱段可以同时是内部加强棱段、曲线加强棱段、异侧加强棱段和间隔加强棱段。
本公开实施例的端盖组件10包括：端板11；防爆阀14，设置于端板11上；和防爆阀贴片15，为本公开实施例的防爆阀贴片15，防爆阀贴片15覆盖于防爆阀14上，防爆阀贴片15的闭合凸环152从贴片主体151的表面向远离防爆阀14的一侧突出。本公开实施例的端盖组件10与本公开实施例的防爆阀贴片15具有相同的优点。
本公开实施例的电池包括本公开实施例的端盖组件10。本公开实施例的电池与本公开实施例的端盖组件10和防爆阀贴片15具有相同的优点。
本公开实施例的用电装置包括本公开实施例的电池，电池为用电装置提供电能。本公开实施例的用电装置与本公开实施例的电池、端盖组件10和防爆阀贴片15具有相同的优点。
以下结合图2至图8对本公开实施例的用于电池的防爆阀贴片和具 有该防爆阀贴片的端盖组件以及电池和用电设备进行详细说明。本公开实施例的电池和用电装置参见此前描述。
如图1所示，用电装置可以是车辆D，车辆D包括电池，电池用于为车辆提供电能。车辆例如为新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。
本公开实施例的电池包括一个电池单体。如图2所示，电池单体包括端盖组件10、壳体50、第一电芯组件41、第二电芯组件42、第一连接片20和第二连接片30，以及其他的功能性部件。第一连接片20连接电芯组件41和42的正极极耳和端盖组件10的端盖11上的第一电极端子12，第二连接片30连接电芯组件41和42的负极极耳和端盖组件10的端盖11上的第二电极端子13。
如图3所示，本公开实施例的端盖组件10包括端盖11、第一电极端子12、第二电极端子13、防爆阀14、防爆阀贴片15和绝缘板16。端盖11用于与壳体50配合以将电极组件41和42封装于端盖11和壳体50形成的密闭空间内。第一电极端子12为正极端子，通过第一连接片20与第一电芯组件41和第二电芯组件42的正极极耳电连接；第二电极端子13为负极端子，通过第二连接片30与第一电芯组件41和第二电芯组件42的负极极耳电连接。绝缘板16布置于端盖11与第一连接片20和第二连接片30之间，用于实现端盖11与第一连接片20、第二连接片30以及第一电极组件41和第二电极组件42之间的绝缘。
如图2至图8所示，电池的防爆阀贴片15具有排气孔15A。防爆阀贴片15包括贴片主体151和圆形的闭合凸环152。闭合凸环152的垂直于闭合凸环的延伸方向的截面的截面形状为具有弧形倒角的方形，且具有弧形倒角的方形与贴片主体151的连接处也具有弧形倒角。如图3至图8所 示，闭合凸环152的顶壁与外侧壁之间、顶壁与内侧壁之间、外侧壁与贴片主体151之间和内侧壁与贴片主体151之间均存在弧形倒角，在闭合凸环152的顶部内侧和外侧各形成多条闭合轮廓线。各闭合轮廓线的形状均为圆形。闭合凸环152从贴片主体151的表面向同一侧突出地设置于贴片主体151上。一个圆形排气孔15A位于闭合凸环152围设的区域内。闭合凸环152与贴片主体151由同一片材一体通过热压方式一体成型。防爆阀贴片15由PP材料制成，厚度为0.2mm。
本实施例中贴片主体151的形状为长圆形，排气孔15A与闭合凸环152同心设置，位于长圆形的中心位置。但是，贴片主体151的形状、排气孔15A和闭合凸环152的位置均不限于此，而是可以根据需要设置和布置。其中排气孔15A也可以设置于闭合凸环152上，例如可以设置于闭合凸环152的远离贴片主体151的顶壁上，也可以设置于闭合凸环152的内侧壁上。
闭合凸环152相对于贴片主体151突出的高度例为0.5mm，排气孔15A的形状和数量可以根据需要设置，排气孔15A的直径例如为0.3mm。
如图7和图8所示，在一些实施例的防爆阀贴片15中，防爆阀贴片15还包括靠近闭合凸环152以加强闭合凸环152的强度的加强棱153，加强棱153从贴片主体151的表面突出地设置于贴片主体151上。
图7所示的实施例中，加强棱153包括位于闭合凸环152围设的区域内部的呈辐射状排布的四个加强棱段。排气孔15A避让各加强棱段。各加强棱段属于前述的内部加强棱段、沿直线延伸的直线加强棱段、与闭合凸环152从贴片主体151的表面突出的方向相同的同侧加强棱段以及与闭合凸环152间隔设置的间隔加强棱段。
图8所示的实施例中，加强棱153包括位于闭合凸环152围设的区 域内部的呈环状的一个加强棱段。排气孔15A避让该加强棱段。该加强棱段属于前述的内部加强棱段、沿曲线延伸的曲线加强棱段、与闭合凸环152从贴片主体151的表面突出的方向相同的同侧加强棱段以及与闭合凸环152间隔设置的间隔加强棱段。
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本公开进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本公开的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换，其均应涵盖在本公开请求保护的技术方案范围当中。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种用于电池的防爆阀贴片(15)，具有排气孔(15A)，所述防爆阀贴片(15)包括：
    贴片主体(151)；和
    闭合凸环(152)，从所述贴片主体(151)的表面向同一侧突出地设置于所述贴片主体(151)上，所述排气孔(15A)位于所述闭合凸环(152)上或所述闭合凸环(152)围设的区域内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防爆阀贴片(15)，其中，所述闭合凸环(152)与所述贴片主体(151)由同一片材一体加工形成。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的防爆阀贴片(15)，其中，所述闭合凸环(152)在所述贴片主体(151)上的投影包括至少一条闭合轮廓线，各所述闭合轮廓线的形状为曲线形、多边形或曲线与直线的组合。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的防爆阀贴片(15)，其中，所述闭合凸环(152)的垂直于所述闭合凸环(152)的延伸方向的截面的截面形状为曲线形、多边形或曲线与直线的组合。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的防爆阀贴片(15)，还包括靠近所述闭合凸环(152)以加强所述闭合凸环(152)的强度的加强棱(153)，所述加强棱(153)从所述贴片主体(151)的表面突出地设置于所述贴片主体(151)上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的防爆阀贴片(15)，其中，所述加强棱(153)与所述贴片主体(151)由同一片材一体加工形成。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的防爆阀贴片(15)，其中，所述加强棱(153)包括：
    外部加强棱段，位于所述闭合凸环(152)围设的区域外部；和/或
    内部加强棱段，位于所述闭合凸环(152)围设的区域内部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的防爆阀贴片(15)，其中，所述加强棱(153)包括所述内部加强棱段，其中，
    所述排气孔(15A)避让所述内部加强棱段；或
    所述排气孔(15A)位于所述内部加强棱段上。
  9. 根据权利要求5至8中任一项所述的防爆阀贴片(15)，其中，所述加强棱(153)包括：
    直线加强棱段，所述直线加强棱段沿直线延伸；和/或
    曲线加强棱段，所述曲线加强棱段沿曲线延伸。
  10. 根据权利要求5至9中任一项所述的防爆阀贴片(15)，其中，所述加强棱(153)包括：
    同侧加强棱段，与所述闭合凸环(152)从所述贴片主体(151)的表面突出的方向相同；和/或
    异侧加强棱段，与所述闭合凸环(152)从所述贴片主体(151)的表面突出的方向相反。
  11. 根据权利要求5至10中任一项所述的防爆阀贴片(15)，其中，所述加强棱(153)包括：
    连接加强棱段，与所述闭合凸环(152)连接；和/或
    间隔加强棱段，与所述闭合凸环(152)间隔。
  12. 一种端盖组件(10)，其中，包括：
    端板(11)；
    防爆阀(14)，设置于所述端板(11)上；和
    防爆阀贴片(15)，为根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的防爆阀贴片(15)，所述防爆阀贴片(15)覆盖于所述防爆阀(14)上，所述防爆阀贴片(15)的闭合凸环(152)从所述贴片主体(151)的表面向远离 所述防爆阀(14)的一侧突出。
  13. 一种电池，包括权利要求12所述的端盖组件(10)。
  14. 一种用电装置，包括权利要求13所述的电池，所述电池为所述用电装置提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/134913 2022-01-27 2022-11-29 用于电池的防爆阀贴片、端盖组件、电池和用电装置 WO2023142648A1 (zh)

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CN217158530U (zh) * 2022-01-27 2022-08-09 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 用于电池的防爆阀贴片、端盖组件、电池和用电装置
CN115832548B (zh) * 2022-10-28 2024-01-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
WO2024103403A1 (zh) * 2022-11-18 2024-05-23 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 保护贴片、端盖、储能装置及用电设备
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