WO2024037077A1 - 电池壳体及电池 - Google Patents

电池壳体及电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024037077A1
WO2024037077A1 PCT/CN2023/094738 CN2023094738W WO2024037077A1 WO 2024037077 A1 WO2024037077 A1 WO 2024037077A1 CN 2023094738 W CN2023094738 W CN 2023094738W WO 2024037077 A1 WO2024037077 A1 WO 2024037077A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
groove
pressure relief
battery case
battery
end plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/094738
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张雷
赵赫
Original Assignee
湖北亿纬动力有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 filed Critical 湖北亿纬动力有限公司
Publication of WO2024037077A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024037077A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/152—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
    • H01M50/516—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by welding, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/528—Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application belongs to the field of battery technology, and relates to, for example, a battery case and a battery.
  • the battery case is a structure that encapsulates the battery and is an extremely important structural component of the battery.
  • the end cover of the battery case and the internal battery core or current collecting plate are usually ultrasonic welded or laser welded.
  • ultrasonic welding or laser welding is not convenient;
  • the battery casing in the related art is equipped with an explosion-proof device.
  • the explosion-proof device is abnormal, it is easy to explode due to deflation in time.
  • This application proposes a battery case and battery, which can not only prevent the battery from exploding, but also facilitate the welding of the battery case and the battery core or current collecting plate.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery case.
  • a first pressure relief groove is provided on the battery case.
  • a first welding groove is provided on an end wall of the battery case.
  • the third pressure relief groove is provided on the battery case. The width of a pressure relief groove is smaller than the width of the first welding groove, and the thickness of the battery case at the first pressure relief groove is smaller than the thickness of the first welding groove.
  • the battery case includes: a main body, which is a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends; and a cover, which covers one of the openings of the main body. ; and an end plate, the end plate covers the other opening of the main body, and at least one of the main body and the end plate is provided with the first pressure relief groove, and the end The first welding groove is provided on the board.
  • the first welding groove is disposed at the center of the end plate.
  • the main body part and the end plate are an integrally formed structure.
  • the first pressure relief groove on the end plate is an arc-shaped groove, and the center of the arc-shaped groove is the center of the end plate.
  • a plurality of first pressure relief grooves are provided on the main body part, and the plurality of first pressure relief grooves are distributed crosswise with each other.
  • the width of the first pressure relief groove is 0.1mm-1mm.
  • the first welding groove is a circular groove, and the diameter of the circular groove is 4mm-15mm.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, which includes a battery core and the above-mentioned battery case.
  • the battery core is disposed in the battery case.
  • the battery case provided by this application has a first pressure relief groove and a first welding groove.
  • the width of the first pressure relief groove is smaller than the width of the first welding groove, and the depth of the first pressure relief groove is greater than the first welding groove.
  • the width of the first pressure relief groove is thin, and the physical thickness here is the thinnest. Therefore, when the internal air pressure increases abnormally, the first pressure relief groove will crack to discharge the internal gas and achieve relief.
  • the effect of pressure; the setting of the first welding groove facilitates the welding of the battery shell to the battery core or current collecting plate. Therefore, the battery case provided by the present application can not only prevent the battery from exploding, but also facilitate the welding of the battery case and the battery core or current collecting plate.
  • the battery provided by this application includes a battery core and the above-mentioned battery case that encapsulates the battery core. Due to the arrangement of the above-mentioned battery case, the battery provided by this application can not only avoid explosion, but also facilitate the realization of the battery case and the battery core or the assembly. Flow plate welding.
  • Figure 1 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first structure of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the second structure of the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third structure of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection can be an installation connection, a detachable connection, or a mechanical connection.
  • Connection can also be an electrical connection, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium.
  • Connection can be the internal connection between two elements or the interaction between two elements.
  • the term “above” or “below” a first feature to a second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or it may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature.
  • the second feature is not in direct contact but is in contact with another feature between them.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” a first feature on a second feature include the first feature being directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “under” and “under” the first feature is the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.
  • the battery includes a battery core, a current collecting plate and a battery case.
  • the battery core and the current collecting plate are arranged in the battery case.
  • the battery case facilitates welding to the battery core or the current collecting plate. And when the internal air pressure increases abnormally, cracks will appear in the battery case to discharge the internal gas to avoid an explosion.
  • the overall height of the battery is 80mm-160mm, and the diameter is 20mm-50mm.
  • the battery case provided in this embodiment is provided with a first pressure relief groove 21, and the end wall of the battery case is provided with a first welding groove 22.
  • the width of the first pressure relief groove 21 Less than the width of the first welding groove 22 , the thickness of the first pressure relief groove 21 of the battery case is smaller than the thickness of the first welding groove 22 .
  • the first pressure relief groove 21 is thin and has the thinnest physical thickness here, when the internal air pressure increases abnormally, the first pressure relief groove 21 will crack to discharge the internal gas to achieve pressure relief.
  • the effect; the arrangement of the first welding groove 22 reduces the thickness and facilitates ultrasonic welding or laser welding of the end wall of the battery case to the battery core or current collecting plate. Therefore, the battery case provided by this embodiment can not only prevent the battery from exploding, but also facilitate the welding of the battery case to the battery core or current collecting plate.
  • the first pressure relief groove 21 may be provided on the inner side wall of the battery case, and the welding groove 22 may be provided on the inner side of the end wall of the battery case.
  • the first pressure relief groove 21 is provided on the outer side wall of the battery case, and the welding groove 22 is provided on the outer side of the end wall of the battery case.
  • the battery case includes a main body 1, a cover plate 3 and an end plate 2.
  • the main body 1 is a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends; the cover plate 3 covers an opening of the main body 1 ;
  • the end plate 2 covers another opening of the main body 1.
  • the cover plate 3 and the end plate 2 respectively cover the two openings of the main body 1 to encapsulate the battery core inside.
  • the end plate 2 is provided with a first pressure relief groove 21 and a first welding groove 22.
  • the connecting groove 22 is configured to weld the end plate 2 to the battery core or the current collector plate.
  • the width of the first pressure relief groove 21 is smaller than the width of the first welding groove 22
  • the depth of the first pressure relief groove 21 is greater than the first welding groove 22 .
  • the depth is such that the thickness at the first pressure relief groove 21 of the end plate 2 is smaller than the thickness at the first welding groove 22 .
  • the thickness of the first pressure relief groove 21 of the end plate 2 is the thickness between the bottom of the first pressure relief groove 2 and the side wall of the end plate 2 away from the first pressure relief groove 21; the first welding of the end plate 2
  • the thickness at the groove 22 is the thickness between the groove bottom of the first welding groove 22 and the side wall of the end plate 2 away from the first welding groove 22 .
  • the thickness of the first pressure relief groove 21 of the end plate 2 is smaller than the thickness of the first welding groove 22, so that the structural strength of the first pressure relief groove 21 is the weakest and most susceptible to cracking.
  • a first pressure relief groove 21 is formed on the side wall of the main body 1
  • a first welding groove 22 is formed on the end plate 2 .
  • the thickness of the first pressure relief groove 21 of the main body 1 is smaller than the thickness of the first welding groove 22 of the end plate 2 .
  • first pressure relief grooves 21 are respectively formed on the side walls of the end plate 2 and the main body 1 , and a first welding groove 22 is formed on the end plate 2 .
  • the thickness of the first pressure relief groove 21 of the main body 1 and the thickness of the first pressure relief groove 21 of the end plate 2 are respectively smaller than the thickness of the first welding groove 22 of the end plate 2 .
  • the thickness of the first pressure relief groove 21 of the main body 1 and the thickness of the first pressure relief groove 21 of the end plate 2 may be the same or different.
  • the two places will crack at the same time to release the pressure. At different times, one of them will crack first. If the air pressure cannot be reduced within a short period of time, the other will crack. Therefore, the first pressure relief groove 21 is provided at both the end plate 2 and the side wall of the main body 1 to further prevent the battery from exploding.
  • the end plate 2 and the cover plate 3 are respectively connected to the two openings of the main body 1 by welding.
  • the main body 1 and the end plate 2 are integrally formed.
  • the cover 3 is connected to the main body 1 by welding.
  • the battery provided in this embodiment also includes a sealing ring, which is tightly wrapped around the edge of the cover plate 3 to ensure the sealing of the connection between the cover plate 3 and the main body 1 and avoid leakage of the internal electrolyte.
  • the tabs of the battery core facing the cover plate 3 are welded to one side of the current collecting plate, the other side of the current collecting plate is connected to the pole 10, and the cover plate 3 covers the current collecting plate.
  • the part of the pole 10 passes through the center of the cover plate 3 .
  • an insulating gasket is provided between the cover plate 3 and the current collecting tray.
  • the shoulder height of the battery is 78mm-158mm, that is, the height from the cover plate 3 to the end plate 2 of the battery is 78mm-158mm.
  • the tabs of the battery core facing the end plate 2 are directly welded to the end plate 2 .
  • the first welding grooves 22 on the end plate 2 are deviated from the center position and are provided with multiple first welding grooves 22 distributed around the center circumference of the end plate 2 .
  • another current collecting plate is welded to the tab of the battery core toward the end plate 2 , and the central portion of the current collecting plate on the side facing away from the battery core is welded to the end plate 2 .
  • the first welding groove 22 is disposed at the center of the end plate 2 . With this arrangement, the first welding groove 22 is directly opposite to the center of the current collecting plate, so that the end plate 2 and the current collecting plate are welded through the first welding groove 22 .
  • welding is laser welding or ultrasonic welding.
  • one of the tabs facing the cover plate 3 and the tab facing the end plate 2 of the battery core is a positive tab, and the other is a negative tab.
  • the thickness of the end plate 2 is 1.5mm-3mm, and the diameter is 20mm-50mm.
  • the first welding groove 22 is a circular groove
  • the diameter of the circular groove is 4mm-15mm
  • the depth of the circular groove is 0.1mm-2mm.
  • the first pressure relief groove 21 is an elongated groove, so that stress is concentrated at the first pressure relief groove 21 during expansion, thereby facilitating cracking, and after cracking, a larger shape can be formed. cracks to achieve rapid pressure relief.
  • the width of the first pressure relief groove 21 is 0.1mm-1mm.
  • the depth of the first pressure relief groove 21 is 1.4mm-2.9mm.
  • the length of the first pressure relief groove 21 is not less than 15 mm.
  • the first pressure relief groove 21 on the end plate 2 is a linear groove.
  • One end of the linear groove is located at the center of the end plate 2 and the other end extends along the radial direction of the end plate 2 and along the distance from the end plate 2 to the end plate 2 .
  • the depth of the first pressure relief groove 21 gradually decreases in the direction of the center of the end plate 2 .
  • the first pressure relief groove 21 and the first welding groove 22 on the end plate 2 are spaced apart from each other. Since the first welding groove 22 of the end plate 2 is welded to the battery core or the current collecting plate, it is not easy to crack. Therefore, the first pressure relief groove 21 is avoided from the first welding groove 22 to ensure the pressure relief effect.
  • the first pressure relief groove 21 on the end plate 2 is an arc-shaped groove, and the center of the arc-shaped groove is the center of the end plate 2 .
  • the diameter of the arc-shaped groove is 5mm-30mm.
  • multiple arc-shaped grooves are provided.
  • the radius of the multiple arc-shaped grooves is the same and they are evenly spaced in sequence.
  • the first pressure relief groove 21 on the end plate 2 may be a full circular annular groove.
  • the first pressure relief grooves 21 on the main body 1 are provided with multiple first pressure relief grooves. 21 are distributed in a cross pattern with each other. During expansion, stress is easily concentrated at the intersection point, which increases the cracking rate of the first pressure relief groove 21 and further prevents battery explosion.
  • the first pressure relief grooves 21 on the end plate 2 can also be grooves of other shapes, such as zigzag or wavy shapes.
  • the number of the first pressure relief grooves 21 on the end plate 2 and The shape of the distribution can be arbitrary, and will not be listed one by one here; accordingly, the first pressure relief groove 21 on the main body 1 can also be grooves of other shapes, for example, arc-shaped, straight-line, or polygonal. Or wavy, etc., the number and distribution shape of the first pressure relief grooves 21 on the main body 1 can be arbitrary, and will not be listed one by one here.
  • the cover 3 is provided with a plurality of second pressure relief grooves. The provision of the second pressure relief grooves further prevents the battery from exploding.
  • the width of the second pressure relief groove is 0.1mm-1mm.
  • the depth of the second pressure relief groove is 1.4mm-2.9mm.
  • the length of the second pressure relief groove is not less than 15mm.
  • a second welding groove is provided on the cover plate 3 . There is a distance between the second welding groove and the center of the cover plate 3 .
  • the second welding groove is configured as a welding current collecting plate. There are multiple second welding grooves, and the plurality of second welding grooves are evenly distributed around the central circumference of the cover plate 3 .
  • the second pressure relief groove may be a full-circle annular groove, an arc-shaped groove, a linear groove, etc., which will not be described again here.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池壳体及电池，所述电池壳体上开设有第一泄压槽，所述电池壳体的端壁上开设有第一焊接槽，所述第一泄压槽的宽度小于所述第一焊接槽的宽度，所述电池壳体的所述第一泄压槽处的厚度小于所述第一焊接槽处的厚度。电池包括电芯及上述的电池壳体，电芯设置于电池壳体内。

Description

电池壳体及电池
本申请要求申请日为2022年8月19日、申请号为202222190672.6的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于电池技术领域，例如涉及一种电池壳体及电池。
背景技术
电池壳体为封装电池的结构，是电池的极为重要的结构件。
相关技术中，电池壳体的端部盖板与内部的电芯或集流盘通常是通过超声焊接或激光焊接，而对于一些较厚的端部盖板，超声焊接或激光焊接不便于进行；同时，相关技术中的电池壳体上设置防爆装置，但是当这种防爆装置发生异常时，很容易由于泄气不及时发生爆炸。
发明内容
本申请提出了一种电池壳体及电池，既能够避免电池发生爆炸，又便于实现电池壳体与电芯或集流盘的焊接。
第一方面，本申请一实施例提供了一种电池壳体，所述电池壳体上开设有第一泄压槽，所述电池壳体的端壁上开设有第一焊接槽，所述第一泄压槽的宽度小于所述第一焊接槽的宽度，所述电池壳体的所述第一泄压槽处的厚度小于所述第一焊接槽处的厚度。
在一实施例中，所述电池壳体包括：主体部，所述主体部为两端均具有开口的筒状结构；盖板，所述盖板盖设于所述主体部的一个所述开口；及端板，所述端板盖设于所述主体部的另一个所述开口，所述主体部和所述端板中的至少一个上开设有所述第一泄压槽，所述端板上开设有所述第一焊接槽。
在一实施例中，所述第一焊接槽设置于所述端板的中心位置处。
在一实施例中，所述主体部和所述端板为一体成型结构。
在一实施例中，所述端板上的所述第一泄压槽为圆弧型槽，所述圆弧型槽的圆心为所述端板的中心。
在一实施例中，所述圆弧型槽设置有多个，多个所述圆弧型槽的半径相同，且依次均匀间隔分布。
在一实施例中，所述主体部上的所述第一泄压槽设置有多个，多个所述第一泄压槽相互呈交叉状分布。
在一实施例中，所述第一泄压槽的宽度为0.1mm-1mm。
在一实施例中，所述第一焊接槽为圆形槽，所述圆形槽的直径为4mm-15mm。
第二方面，本申请一实施例提供了一种电池，包括电芯，还包括上述的电池壳体，所述电芯设置于所述电池壳体内。
本申请的有益效果：
本申请提供的电池壳体，其上开设有第一泄压槽和第一焊接槽，第一泄压槽的宽度小于第一焊接槽的宽度，第一泄压槽的深度大于第一焊接槽的宽度，由于第一泄压槽较细，且此处的实体厚度最薄，因此，在内部气压异常增大后，会使得第一泄压槽裂开，以将内部的气体排出，达到泄压的效果；第一焊接槽的设置便于将电池壳体焊接于电芯或集流盘。因此，本申请提供的电池壳体，既能够避免电池发生爆炸，又便于实现电池壳体与电芯或集流盘的焊接。
本申请提供的电池，包括电芯及封装电芯的上述电池壳体，由于上述电池壳体的设置，本申请提供的电池，既能够避免发生爆炸，又便于实现电池壳体与电芯或集流盘的焊接。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的电池的部分结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的电池的第一种结构的结构示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的电池的第二种结构的结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的电池的第三种结构的结构示意图。
图中：
10、极柱；
1、主体部；2、端板；3、盖板；
21、第一泄压槽；22、第一焊接槽。
具体实施方式
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“安装”应做广义理解，例如，可以是安装连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相 连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一特征和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一特征和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本申请的技术方案。
本实施例提供了一种电池，电池包括电芯、集流盘和电池壳体，电芯和集流盘设置于电池壳体内，该电池壳体便于实现与电芯或集流盘的焊接，且在内部气压异常增大后，电池壳体会出现裂口，将内部的气体排出，避免发生爆炸。
在本实施例中，电池的整体高度为80mm-160mm，直径为20mm-50mm。
如图1至图4所示，本实施例提供的电池壳体上开设有第一泄压槽21，电池壳体的端壁上开设有第一焊接槽22，第一泄压槽21的宽度小于第一焊接槽22的宽度，电池壳体的第一泄压槽21处的厚度小于第一焊接槽22处的厚度。
由于第一泄压槽21较细，且此处的实体厚度最薄，因此，在内部气压异常增大后，会使得第一泄压槽21裂开，以将内部的气体排出，达到泄压的效果；第一焊接槽22的设置，将厚度减薄，便于将电池壳体的端壁超声焊接或激光焊接于电芯或集流盘。因此，本实施例提供的电池壳体，既能够避免电池发生爆炸，又便于实现电池壳体与电芯或集流盘的焊接。
在其他实施例中，第一泄压槽21可以设置于电池壳体的内侧壁，焊接槽22设置于电池壳体的端壁的内侧。
在本实施例中，第一泄压槽21设置于电池壳体的外侧壁，焊接槽22设置于电池壳体的端壁的外侧。
如图1至图4所示，电池壳体包括主体部1、盖板3及端板2，主体部1为两端具有开口的筒状结构；盖板3盖设于主体部1的一个开口；端板2盖设于主体部1的另一个开口。盖板3和端板2分别盖设于主体部1的两个开口，将电芯封装于内部。
在一些实施例中，端板2上开设有第一泄压槽21和第一焊接槽22，第一焊 接槽22设置为将端板2焊接于电芯或集流盘，第一泄压槽21的宽度小于第一焊接槽22的宽度，第一泄压槽21的深度大于第一焊接槽22的深度，以使得端板2的第一泄压槽21处的厚度小于第一焊接槽22处的厚度。
端板2的第一泄压槽21处的厚度为第一泄压槽2的槽底与端板2的背离第一泄压槽21的侧壁之间的厚度；端板2的第一焊接槽22处的厚度为第一焊接槽22的槽底与端板2的背离第一焊接槽22的侧壁之间的厚度。端板2的第一泄压槽21处的厚度小于第一焊接槽22处的厚度，以使得第一泄压槽21处的结构强度最薄弱，最易裂开。
在另一些实施例中，主体部1的侧壁上开设有第一泄压槽21，端板2上开设有第一焊接槽22。主体部1的第一泄压槽21处的厚度小于端板2的第一焊接槽22处的厚度。
在再一些实施例中，端板2和主体部1的侧壁上分别开设有第一泄压槽21，端板2上开设有第一焊接槽22。主体部1的第一泄压槽21处的厚度和端板2的第一泄压槽21处的厚度分别小于端板2的第一焊接槽22处的厚度。主体部1的第一泄压槽21处的厚度和端板2的第一泄压槽21处的厚度可以相同，也可以不同。在相同时，两处同时裂开泄压，在不同时，先其中一处裂开，如果短时间内仍无法降低气压，则另一个裂开。因此，在端板2和主体部1的侧壁两处设置第一泄压槽21，进一步避免了电池发生爆炸。
在其他实施例中，端板2和盖板3分别通过焊接的方式分别连接于主体部1的两个开口处。
在本实施例中，主体部1和端板2为一体成型结构。盖板3通过焊接的方式连接于主体部1。如此设置既保证了结构强度，降低了密封失效的风险，又提高了封装的效率。
本实施例提供的电池还包括密封圈，密封圈紧密包覆在盖板3的边沿，保证了盖板3和主体部1连接的密封性，避免内部电解液泄漏。
在一实施例中，如图2所示，电芯的朝向盖板3的极耳焊接于集流盘的一侧面，集流盘的另一侧面连接极柱10，盖板3封盖集流盘，极柱10的部分通过盖板3的中心位置穿出。
在一实施例中，盖板3和集流盘之间设置有绝缘垫片。
在本实施例中，电池的肩高为78mm-158mm，即电池的盖板3到端板2的高度为78mm-158mm。
在其他实施例中，电芯朝向端板2的极耳直接焊接于端板2。此时，为了对准焊接极耳，端板2上的第一焊接槽22偏离中心位置，且设置有多个，多个第一焊接槽22绕着端板2的中心圆周分布。
在本实施例中，电芯朝向端板2的极耳焊接有另一个集流盘，该集流盘背离电芯的侧面的中心部位焊接于端板2。
在一实施例中，第一焊接槽22设置于端板2的中心位置处。如此设置，第一焊接槽22和集流盘的中心部位正对，从而通过第一焊接槽22实现了端板2和集流盘的焊接。本实施例中焊接为激光焊或者超声焊。
在一实施例中，电芯的朝向盖板3的极耳和朝向端板2的极耳，一个为正极极耳，另一个为负极极耳。
本实施例中，端板2的厚度为1.5mm-3mm，直径为20mm-50mm。
在一实施例中，第一焊接槽22为圆形槽，圆形槽的直径为4mm-15mm，圆形槽的深度为0.1mm-2mm。
在一实施例中，第一泄压槽21为细长型的凹槽，使得在膨胀时将应力集中在第一泄压槽21处，从而便于裂开，而且，裂开后能够形成较大的裂口，以达到迅速泄压的效果。
在本实施例中，第一泄压槽21的宽度为0.1mm-1mm。第一泄压槽21深度为1.4mm-2.9mm。第一泄压槽21的长度不小于15mm。
在其他实施例中，端板2上的第一泄压槽21为直线型槽，直线型槽的一端位于端板2的中心，另一端沿着端板2的径向延伸，且沿着背离端板2的中心的方向，第一泄压槽21的深度逐渐减小。
在一实施例中，端板2上的第一泄压槽21和第一焊接槽22相互间隔设置。由于端板2的第一焊接槽22处焊接于电芯或集流盘，此处不易裂开，因此，将第一泄压槽21避开第一焊接槽22，保证了泄压的效果。
如图3所示，在本实施例中，端板2上的第一泄压槽21为圆弧型槽，且圆弧型槽的圆心为端板2的中心。
在一实施例中，圆弧型槽的直径为5mm-30mm。
在一实施例中，如图4所示，圆弧型槽设置有多个，多个圆弧型槽的半径相同，且依次均匀间隔分布。
在一实施例中，如图1所示，端板2上的第一泄压槽21可以为整圆环型槽。
在一实施例中，主体部1上的第一泄压槽21设置有多个，多个第一泄压槽 21相互呈交叉状分布。在膨胀时，容易将应力集中在交叉点处，提高了第一泄压槽21裂开的速率，进一步避免了电池发生爆炸。
在一实施例中，端板2上的第一泄压槽21还可以为其他形状的凹槽，例如，折线形或波浪形等，端板2上的第一泄压槽21的个数和分布的形状可以为任意的，在此不再一一列举；相应地，主体部1上的第一泄压槽21还可以为其他形状的凹槽，例如，圆弧形、直线形、折线形或波浪形等，主体部1上的第一泄压槽21的个数和分布的形状可以为任意的，在此不再一一列举。
在一实施例中，盖板3上开设有多个第二泄压槽，第二泄压槽的设置进一步避免了电池发生爆炸。
在一实施例中，第二泄压槽的宽度为0.1mm-1mm。第二泄压槽的深度为1.4mm-2.9mm。第二泄压槽的长度不小于15mm。
在一实施例中，盖板3上开设有第二焊接槽，第二焊接槽和盖板3的中心具有间距，第二焊接槽设置为焊接集流盘。第二焊接槽设置有多个，多个第二焊接槽绕着盖板3的中心圆周均布设置。在一实施例中，第二泄压槽可以为整圆环型槽、圆弧型槽或者直线型槽等，在此不再一一赘述。

Claims (10)

  1. 电池壳体，其中，所述电池壳体上开设有第一泄压槽(21)，所述电池壳体的端壁上开设有第一焊接槽(22)，所述第一泄压槽(21)的宽度小于所述第一焊接槽(22)的宽度，所述电池壳体的所述第一泄压槽(21)处的厚度小于所述第一焊接槽(22)处的厚度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池壳体，包括：
    主体部(1)，所述主体部(1)为两端分别具有开口的筒状结构；
    盖板(3)，所述盖板(3)盖设于所述主体部(1)的一个所述开口；及
    端板(2)，所述端板(2)盖设于所述主体部(1)的另一个所述开口，所述主体部(1)和所述端板(2)中的至少一个上开设有所述第一泄压槽(21)，所述端板(2)上开设有所述第一焊接槽(22)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池壳体，其中，所述第一焊接槽(22)设置于所述端板(2)的中心位置处。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电池壳体，其中，所述主体部(1)和所述端板(2)为一体成型结构。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的电池壳体，其中，所述端板(2)上的所述第一泄压槽(21)为圆弧型槽，所述圆弧型槽的圆心为所述端板(2)的中心。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池壳体，其中，所述圆弧型槽设置有多个，多个所述圆弧型槽的半径相同，且依次均匀间隔分布。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的电池壳体，其中，所述主体部(1)上的所述第一泄压槽(21)设置有多个，多个所述第一泄压槽(21)相互呈交叉状分布。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的电池壳体，其中，所述第一泄压槽(21)的宽度为0.1mm-1mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的电池壳体，其中，所述第一焊接槽(22)为圆形槽，所述圆形槽的直径为4mm-15mm。
  10. 电池，包括电芯及如权利要求1-9任一项所述的电池壳体，所述电芯设置于所述电池壳体内。
PCT/CN2023/094738 2022-08-19 2023-05-17 电池壳体及电池 WO2024037077A1 (zh)

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