WO2023216567A1 - 背光模组及显示装置 - Google Patents

背光模组及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023216567A1
WO2023216567A1 PCT/CN2022/136559 CN2022136559W WO2023216567A1 WO 2023216567 A1 WO2023216567 A1 WO 2023216567A1 CN 2022136559 W CN2022136559 W CN 2022136559W WO 2023216567 A1 WO2023216567 A1 WO 2023216567A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
backlight module
magneto
film
optical
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PCT/CN2022/136559
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
万业
郑浩旋
Original Assignee
重庆惠科金渝光电科技有限公司
惠科股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023216567A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023216567A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/13362—Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a backlight module and a display device.
  • a display device usually includes a liquid crystal display panel (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD for short) and a backlight module.
  • the backlight module is provided on the backlight side of the LCD and is used to provide a light source for the LCD so that the LCD displays images.
  • the backlight transmittance of LCD is often only about 5%. If the contrast is increased, the transmittance will tend to be lower, and a brighter backlight will be needed.
  • polarizing brightness enhancement films DBEF
  • DBEF polarizing brightness enhancement films
  • the component of the natural light emitted by the backlight module that is in the same direction as the penetration axis of the polarizer under the LCD passes through, and the vertical component returns to the backlight. After multiple reflections and refractions, the light energy becomes natural light again, so that part of it can pass through the DBEF, realizing the recycling of this part of the energy.
  • the polarized light reflected back by DBEF needs to be reflected and refracted many times before part of the energy is converted into the target polarization direction. During this period, the energy is repeatedly absorbed by each layer of film, causing a lot of waste and limiting DBEF's ability to improve backlight utilization. .
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a backlight module and a display device that can greatly improve the efficiency of polarized light passing through the brightness enhancement film, reduce the waste caused by light being absorbed by each film layer, and improve the backlight utilization rate.
  • a backlight module which includes a backplane and a reflective sheet disposed on the backplane.
  • the backlight module also includes a brightness enhancement film, a magneto-optical medium film, and a magnetic component.
  • the magnetic component Located between the back plate and the reflective sheet, the magneto-optical dielectric film is located between the magnetic component and the brightness enhancement film.
  • the brightness enhancement film is used to transmit linearly polarized light in the first direction and reflect linearly polarized light in the second direction.
  • the magnetic component is used to generate a magnetic field parallel to the first direction, so that the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light in the second direction is rotated after passing through the magneto-optical dielectric film located in the magnetic field, and the reflective sheet is used to reflect the rotated Linearly polarized light, wherein the first direction is the light emitting direction of the backlight module, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a display device, including: a liquid crystal display panel; and the backlight module as mentioned above, which is disposed on the backlight side of the liquid crystal display panel, and the backlight module is used to illuminate the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the display panel provides a light source.
  • the backlight module disposes a magnetic component between the backplate and the reflective sheet, and disposes a magneto-optical dielectric film between the magnetic component and the brightness enhancement film, so that the brightness enhancement film can be enhanced.
  • the bright film can transmit linearly polarized light in the first direction and reflect linearly polarized light in the second direction.
  • the magnetic component can generate a magnetic field parallel to the first direction, so that the linearly polarized light in the second direction passes through the magnetic field.
  • the polarization direction of the magneto-optical dielectric film is rotated, and the reflective sheet is used to reflect the rotated linearly polarized light, thereby converting most of the linearly polarized light in the second direction reflected by the brightness-enhancing film into linearly polarized light along the first direction.
  • the directional linearly polarized light that can pass through the brightness-enhancing film greatly improves the efficiency of polarized light passing through the brightness-enhancing film, reduces the waste caused by light being absorbed by each film layer, and improves backlight utilization.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module and a display device including the backlight module provided by the first embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic optical path diagram of the backlight module provided by the first embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module and a display device including the backlight module provided by the second embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module provided by a third embodiment of the present application and a display device including the backlight module;
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module and a display device including the backlight module according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • Backlight module 10.
  • Optical control component 101. Shading part; X, first direction; Y, second direction;
  • Liquid crystal display panel 21. Lower polarizer; 22. Array substrate; 23. Color filter substrate; 24. Upper polarizer.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module and a display device provided in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic optical path diagram of the backlight module provided in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • the liquid crystal display device usually includes a liquid crystal display panel 2 and a backlight module 1.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 2 is a non-emitting light receiving element.
  • the backlight module 1 is disposed on the backlight side of the liquid crystal display panel 2 and is used to provide the liquid crystal display panel. 2 provides a light source to enable the liquid crystal display panel 2 to display images.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 2 may be a single display panel or a dual display panel stacked in the thickness direction.
  • the display panel at the bottom is used for light control, and the display panel at the top is used for display. This arrangement can improve the contrast of the display device.
  • each embodiment of the present application is described by taking the liquid crystal display panel 2 as a single display panel as an example.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 2 includes an array substrate 22 , a color filter substrate 23 disposed opposite to the array substrate 22 , and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the array substrate 22 and the color filter substrate 23 .
  • the liquid crystal layer includes multiple liquid crystal molecules, which are usually rod-shaped, can flow like a liquid, and have certain crystal characteristics. When liquid crystal molecules are in an electric field, their alignment direction changes according to changes in the electric field.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 2 controls the rotation of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer by applying a driving voltage to the array substrate 22 and the color filter substrate 23 to refract the light provided by the backlight module 1 to produce an image.
  • the display device also includes an upper polarizer 24 located on the light-emitting surface side of the liquid crystal display panel 2, a lower polarizer 21 located on the backlight surface side of the liquid crystal display panel 2, and an upper polarizer 24 located away from the liquid crystal display panel 2. side cover (not shown in the figure).
  • the lower polarizer 21 and the upper polarizer 24 can polarize the incident light of the liquid crystal display panel 2 to allow the transmission of light vibrating only in one direction.
  • the backlight module 1 provided by the first embodiment of the present application includes a backplane 11 , a reflective sheet 12 and a brightness enhancement film 13 disposed on the backplane 11 , a magneto-optical medium film 14 and a magnetic component 15 .
  • the magnetic component 15 is located between the back plate 11 and the reflective sheet 12.
  • the magneto-optical medium film 14 is located between the magnetic component 15 and the brightness enhancement film 13.
  • the brightness enhancement film 13 is used to transmit linearly polarized light in the first direction X. , and reflects the linearly polarized light in the second direction Y, the magnetic component 15 is used to generate a magnetic field parallel to the first direction X, so that the linearly polarized light in the second direction Y passes through the magneto-optical medium film 14 located in the magnetic field.
  • the polarization direction is then rotated, and the reflective sheet 12 is used to reflect the rotated linearly polarized light, where the first direction X is the light emitting direction of the backlight module 1 , and the second direction Y and the first direction X are perpendicular to each other.
  • the backlight module 1 also includes a light source 16, and the light emitted by the light source 16 is natural light.
  • the brightness enhancement film 13 has polarization properties and only allows light components whose vibration direction is parallel to the transmission direction to pass through. As a result, the light energy in the natural light that is in the same direction as the transmission axis of the lower polarizer 21 of the liquid crystal display panel 2 (ie, the first direction).
  • the light energy perpendicular to the transmission axis of the middle and lower polarizers 21 that is, perpendicular to the second direction Y on the paper surface
  • a magneto-optical effect occurs when the magnetic field in the first direction
  • the magnetic member 15 has an N pole and an S pole arranged oppositely along its thickness direction, and a magnetic field direction parallel to the first direction X can be generated between the N pole and the S pole.
  • the magnetic field direction can be a bottom-up reverse magnetic field direction; when the N pole is located on the upper surface of the magnetic component 15 and the S pole is located on the magnetic
  • the direction of the magnetic field may be a top-down paramagnetic field direction.
  • the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light in the second direction Y that has not passed through the brightness enhancement film 13 rotates after passing through the magneto-optical medium film 14 located in the magnetic field.
  • the solid dots are the vibration direction of the non-transparent linearly polarized light, that is, the second direction Y perpendicular to the paper surface
  • the hollow arrows are the rotation direction of the linearly polarized light.
  • the rotation angle is ⁇ 1.
  • the rotated linearly polarized light is reflected after reaching the reflective sheet 12.
  • the reflected linearly polarized light passes through the magneto-optical dielectric film 14 located in the magnetic field again and then rotates.
  • the rotation angle is ⁇ 2.
  • the reflective sheet 12 may be a specular reflective sheet or a diffuse reflective sheet.
  • the Faraday rotation magneto-optical effect is only related to the direction of the magnetic induction intensity and has nothing to do with the paramagnetic induction intensity or diamagnetic induction intensity of polarized light, according to the reflection co-rotation principle of the Faraday rotation magneto-optical effect, it can be known that the linearly polarized light is located at The rotation angles ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 1 of the polarization direction of the magneto-optical dielectric film 14 in the magnetic field are equal in magnitude and continuous in direction. In this way, when the linearly polarized light that has been rotated twice in the magnetic field reaches the brightness enhancement film 13, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is rotated by 2 times ⁇ 1 or 2 times ⁇ 2.
  • the energy of the linearly polarized light is divided into two parts again: the light energy in the same direction as the transmission axis of the lower polarizer 21 (ie, the first direction X) passes through the brightness enhancement film 13 and is used in the liquid crystal display panel.
  • 2 shows that the light energy perpendicular to the transmission axis of the lower polarizer 21 (ie, the second direction Y) is reflected again by the brightness enhancement film 13.
  • most of the linearly polarized light in the second direction Y reflected back by the brightness enhancement film 13 can be converted into linearly polarized light along the first direction X that can pass through the brightness enhancement film 13, reducing
  • the waste caused by light being absorbed by each film layer improves backlight utilization.
  • the backlight module 1 is provided with a magnetic component 15 between the back plate 11 and the reflective sheet 12, and a magnetic component is disposed between the magnetic component 15 and the brightness enhancement film 13.
  • the optical medium film 14 allows the brightness enhancement film 13 to transmit linearly polarized light in the first direction X and reflect linearly polarized light in the second direction Y.
  • the magnetic component 15 can generate a magnetic field parallel to the first direction X to After the linearly polarized light in the second direction Y passes through the magneto-optical dielectric film 14 located in the magnetic field, its polarization direction is rotated.
  • the reflective sheet 12 is used to reflect the rotated linearly polarized light, so that most of the light can be brightened.
  • the linearly polarized light in the second direction Y reflected back by the film 13 is converted into linearly polarized light along the first direction X that can pass through the brightness enhancement film 13 , greatly improving the polarization efficiency of the brightness enhancement film 13 and reducing
  • the waste caused by light being absorbed by each film layer improves backlight utilization.
  • the intensity of the magnetic field is the intensity of the magnetic field.
  • the linearly polarized light in the second direction Y reflected by the brightness enhancement film 13 is reflected once by the reflective sheet 12, which can rotate the polarization direction by ⁇ /2 and convert it into the linearly polarized light in the first direction X.
  • the light is reused through the brightness enhancement film 13 to maximize the backlight utilization rate.
  • the magnetic component 15 is a planar magnet, and the material of the magnetic component 15 may include neodymium iron boron magnet (NdFeB) to obtain higher magnetic induction intensity.
  • NdFeB neodymium iron boron magnet
  • the back plate 11 is made of magnetic shielding material.
  • the magnetic shielding material may include, for example, iron-aluminum alloy, etc., and is made by stamping or other processes to prevent external metal impurities from interfering with the magnetic field generated by the magnetic component 15 and affecting linear polarization. light conversion efficiency, thereby reducing backlight utilization.
  • the magnetic shielding material can also protect the backlight module 1 from being easily broken under the impact of external force.
  • the part of the back plate 11 that does not use magnetic shielding material can be made of plastic materials, such as polyimide, polycarbonate, polyethersulfone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, etc., and this part can be used for Bonding magnetic parts to other components for magnet installation, etc.
  • the shape of the back plate 11 may be the same as the shape of the liquid crystal display panel 2 using the backlight module 1 .
  • the shape of the backplate 11 of the backlight module 1 used by the liquid crystal display panel 2 is also circular.
  • the shape of the back plate 11 may vary with different embodiments.
  • the magneto-optical medium film 14 includes a transparent substrate and a magneto-optical substance disposed on the surface of the transparent substrate.
  • the material of the transparent substrate includes any one of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), and glass.
  • the magneto-optical substance includes any one of yttrium iron garnet ferrite (YIG), graphene aerogel (GA)-doped yttrium iron garnet ferrite (YIG), and CdMgTe crystals.
  • the magneto-optical medium film 14 includes a transparent substrate and multiple layers of magneto-optical substances disposed in the transparent substrate.
  • the material of the transparent substrate includes any one of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), and glass.
  • the magneto-optical substance includes any one of yttrium iron garnet ferrite (YIG), graphene aerogel (GA)-doped yttrium iron garnet ferrite (YIG), and CdMgTe crystals. Multilayer magneto-optical substances are arranged in layers within a transparent substrate.
  • the brightness enhancement film 13 includes a core layer and a coating layer.
  • the coating layer can be obtained by mixing diffusion particles and glue.
  • the coating layer can be evenly coated on the core layer and then dried to obtain brightness. Diaphragm 13.
  • the light source 16 is disposed on a side of the magnetic component 15 facing away from the back plate 11 .
  • the light source 16 is a light board.
  • the light board includes a circuit board and a plurality of light-emitting elements arranged in an array on the circuit board.
  • the reflective sheet 12 corresponds to A slot H is provided on the light-emitting element.
  • the magneto-optical medium film 14 is located on the side of the reflective sheet 12 away from the magnetic component 15 .
  • a support column 17 is provided between the reflective sheet 12 and the magneto-optical medium film 14 .
  • the light-emitting element may be any of a micro-light-emitting diode (Micro-LED) or a sub-millimeter light-emitting diode (Mini-LED).
  • Micro-LED refers to LED chips with a grain size of less than 100 microns
  • Mini-LED refers to LED chips with a grain size of about 100 to 300 microns.
  • the light-emitting element can also be a regular-sized light-emitting diode (LED).
  • LED, Mini-LED or Micro-LED can be used as a self-illuminating light-emitting element display with low power consumption and high brightness. , high resolution, high color saturation, fast response speed, long life, high efficiency and other advantages.
  • the backlight module 1 is a direct backlight module.
  • the backlight module 1 also includes an optical control component 10.
  • the optical control component 10 is located on the side of the light-emitting element away from the backplane 11.
  • the optical control component 10 is on the backplane.
  • the orthographic projection on 11 covers the orthographic projection of multiple light-emitting elements on the back panel 11 .
  • the magneto-optical medium diaphragm 14 is used to support the brightness enhancement diaphragm 13 and other optical control components 10.
  • the optical control component 10 is processed on the basis of the brightness enhancement diaphragm 13 and integrates optical processing such as reflection, refraction, scattering, and convergence.
  • the optical film layer with integrated functions may include a diffuser plate and an optical film located on the side of the diffuser plate away from the back plate 11. The diffuser plate and the optical film are fixedly connected through transparent optical glue to prevent the diffuser plate from being connected to the back plate 11. The relative displacement between the optical films affects the light emission effect of the backlight module 1 .
  • the diffusion plate is used to diffuse the light emitted by the light-emitting element to balance the brightness of the entire backlight module 1 .
  • the optical film may include, for example, a prism sheet, a protective sheet, etc.
  • the prism sheet is used to control the propagation direction of light diffused by the diffusion plate so that the propagation direction of the light is perpendicular to the liquid crystal display panel 2 .
  • the protective sheet is used to protect the prisms of the prism sheet from scratches, etc. Protective sheets can also be used to widen viewing angles that were previously narrowed by prism sheets.
  • the reflective sheet 12 is provided with slots corresponding to the light-emitting elements, and the slots can prevent the reflective sheet 12 from blocking the light emitted by the light-emitting elements.
  • the reflective sheet 12 may be made of plastic material.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PS polystyrene
  • the reflective sheet 12 may also include a highly reflective coating, such as titanium dioxide TiO2, applied to the plastic material to increase the light reflection coefficient.
  • the reflective sheet 12 can reflect the light reflected from the optical control component 10 to the back plate 11 to the optical control component 10 again, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency of the backlight module 1 and ultimately enhancing the backlight brightness of the backlight module 1 .
  • the support column 17 is a stretchable elastic column along its own axial direction. One end of the support column 17 along its own axial direction is connected to the reflective sheet 12 , and the other end is in contact with the magneto-optical medium film 14 .
  • the support column 17 is an elastic thimble with a spring inside, which can expand and contract as the light mixing distance changes.
  • There are multiple support pillars 17 and the ends of the multiple support pillars 17 away from the reflective sheet 12 are respectively in contact with the magneto-optical medium film 14 to prevent the middle position of the optical control component 10 from being sunk inward due to its own gravity and affecting the light emitting effect.
  • This backlight module 1 with multiple support columns 17 is particularly suitable for larger-sized display devices, such as 67-inch or larger display devices.
  • the support pillar 17 Since the support pillar 17 is disposed in the optical cavity of the backlight module 1, it will absorb the light emitted by the light-emitting element and affect the optical quality.
  • the support pillar 17 is disposed between the reflective sheet 12 and the magneto-optical medium film 14, which may squeeze or even damage the reflective sheet 12.
  • the support pillar 17 falls off during use, it will remain in the optical cavity and produce abnormal noise, and affect the optical display effect. Therefore, in a display device with a size of 32 inches or smaller, the support column 17 can generally be omitted.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module and a display device including the backlight module provided in the second embodiment of the present application.
  • the second embodiment of the present application also provides a backlight module 1 and a display device including the backlight module 1, which has a similar structure to the first embodiment and the backlight module 1 shown in Figure 1 , the difference is that the distance between the magneto-optical dielectric film 14 and the magnetic component 15 of the direct-lit backlight module 1 is closer, the magnetic induction intensity is greater, and the uniformity of the magnetic field is relatively better.
  • the rotation angle ⁇ V ⁇ B ⁇ L of the Faraday magneto-optical rotation effect
  • the single rotation angle of linearly polarized light after passing through the magneto-optical medium film 14 can be increased, thereby reducing linear polarization.
  • the number of times light is reflected by the brightness enhancing film 13 and the reflective sheet 12 reduces the waste caused by light being absorbed by each film layer and improves the backlight utilization rate.
  • the backlight module 1 also includes a light source 16 and a support plate 19.
  • the light source 16 is arranged on the side of the magnetic component 15 facing away from the back plate 11.
  • the light source 16 is a light board.
  • the light board includes a circuit board and an array distributed on the circuit board.
  • the magneto-optical medium film 14 is located on the side of the reflective sheet 12 away from the magnetic component 15, and the magneto-optical medium film 14 and the reflective sheet 12 are attached to each other, and the support plate 19 is provided on the magneto-optical medium film 14 Between the magneto-optical dielectric film 14 and the brightness enhancement film 13 , the magneto-optical medium film 14 is flush with the top surface of the light-emitting element, and has a slot corresponding to the light-emitting element.
  • a support column 17 is provided between the reflective sheet 12 and the support plate 19 .
  • the light-emitting element may be any of a micro-light-emitting diode (Micro-LED) or a sub-millimeter light-emitting diode (Mini-LED).
  • Micro-LED refers to LED chips with a grain size of less than 100 microns
  • Mini-LED refers to LED chips with a grain size of about 100 to 300 microns.
  • the light-emitting element can also be a regular-sized light-emitting diode (LED).
  • LED, Mini-LED or Micro-LED can be used as a self-illuminating light-emitting element display with low power consumption and high brightness. , high resolution, high color saturation, fast response speed, long life, high efficiency and other advantages.
  • the light-emitting element is a Mini-LED or Micro-LED.
  • the magneto-optical dielectric film 14 can be flush with the top surface of the Mini-LED, and a slot is provided corresponding to the light-emitting element, so that the magneto-optical dielectric film 14 can be The entire surface of the sheet 14 is covered by the Mini-LED, thereby reducing the size of the backlight module 1 in the thickness direction.
  • the light-emitting elements are Mini-LED or Micro-LED
  • the light panel further includes a transparent sealing layer covering the plurality of light-emitting elements
  • the magneto-optical medium film 14 includes magneto-optical substances doped in the transparent sealing layer.
  • the support plate 19 can be an optical diffusion sheet. On the one hand, it is used to diffuse the light emitted by the light-emitting element to balance the brightness of the entire backlight module 1. It can also be used to support the brightness enhancement film 13 and the optical control component 10.
  • the reflective sheet 12 and the magneto-optical medium film 14 are attached to each other, and the distance between the reflective sheet 12 and the magnetic component 15 is relatively close.
  • the reflective sheet 12 and the magneto-optical medium film 14 are respectively provided with slots corresponding to the light-emitting elements. The slots can prevent the reflective sheet 12 and the magneto-optical medium film 14 from blocking the light emitted by the light-emitting elements.
  • the support column 17 is a stretchable elastic column along its own axial direction. One end of the support column 17 along its own axial direction is connected to the reflective sheet 12 , and the other end is abutted against the support plate 19 .
  • the support column 17 is an elastic thimble with a spring inside, which can expand and contract as the light mixing distance changes.
  • There are multiple support pillars 17 and one end of the multiple support pillars 17 away from the reflective sheet 12 is respectively in contact with the support plate 19 to prevent the middle position of the support plate 19 and the optical control component 10 from being sunk inward due to its own gravity and affecting the light emitting effect.
  • This backlight module 1 with multiple support columns 17 is particularly suitable for larger-sized display devices, such as 67-inch or larger display devices.
  • the support pillar 17 Since the support pillar 17 is disposed in the optical cavity of the backlight module 1, it will absorb the light emitted by the light-emitting element and affect the optical quality.
  • the support pillar 17 is disposed between the reflection sheet 12 and the support plate 19 and may squeeze or even damage the reflection sheet 12 .
  • the support pillar 17 falls off during use, it will remain in the optical cavity and produce abnormal noise, and affect the optical display effect. Therefore, in a display device with a size of 32 inches or smaller, the support column 17 can generally be omitted.
  • the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field parallel to the first direction X generated by the magnetic component 15 is greater, and the magnetic field The uniformity is relatively better, which can increase the single rotation angle of linearly polarized light in the magnetic field, reduce the number of reflections of linearly polarized light by the brightness enhancement film 13 and the reflective film 12, thereby reducing the light absorption caused by each film layer. Waste, further improve the polarization efficiency of the brightness enhancement film 13, reduce the waste caused by light being absorbed by each film layer, and improve the backlight utilization rate.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module and a display device including the backlight module provided by the third embodiment of the present application.
  • the third embodiment of the present application also provides a backlight module 1 and a display device including the backlight module 1, which has a similar structure to the first embodiment and the backlight module 1 shown in Figure 1 , the difference is that the backlight module 1 is an edge-type backlight module, that is, the light source 16 is disposed on the light incident side of the light guide plate 18 .
  • the thickness of the magneto-optical medium film 14 can be reduced, and because the distance between it and the magnetic component 15 is closer, the magnetic induction intensity is greater, and the uniformity of the magnetic field is relatively better.
  • the rotation angle ⁇ V ⁇ B ⁇ L of the Faraday magneto-optical rotation effect
  • the single rotation angle of linearly polarized light after passing through the magneto-optical medium film 14 can be increased, thereby reducing linear polarization.
  • the number of times light is reflected by the brightness enhancing film 13 and the reflective sheet 12 reduces the waste caused by light being absorbed by each film layer and improves the backlight utilization rate.
  • edge-type backlight modules are thinner.
  • the backlight module 1 includes a light source 16 and a light guide plate 18.
  • the light source 16 is a light bar.
  • the light guide plate 18 is disposed between the reflective sheet 12 and the magneto-optical medium film 14.
  • the light bar is disposed on one side of the light guide plate 18.
  • a light bar generally includes multiple light-emitting elements arranged in a row, and the light-emitting elements can be regular-sized light-emitting diodes (Light-Emitting Diode, LED).
  • the light guide plate 18 may be made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) material with high light transmittance, or polymethacrylstyrene (MS) with excellent heat resistance and moisture resistance. Materials, light-guiding artificial resin, etc.
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • MS polymethacrylstyrene
  • Materials, light-guiding artificial resin, etc. The light emitted from the light source 16 enters the main body from the light incident side of the light guide plate 18, and then exits from the light exit surface side of the main body into the liquid crystal display panel 2, thereby converting the point light source or linear light source generated by the light source 16 into a surface light source, so that The entire area of the liquid crystal display panel 2 is illuminated with substantially uniform brightness.
  • the backlight module 1 also includes a magneto-optical medium film 14 , a brightness enhancement film 13 and an optical control component 10 disposed on the light guide plate 18 .
  • the magneto-optical medium film 14 includes a transparent substrate and a magneto-optical substance disposed on the surface of the transparent substrate.
  • the material of the transparent substrate includes any one of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), and glass.
  • the magneto-optical substance includes any one of yttrium iron garnet ferrite (YIG), graphene aerogel (GA)-doped yttrium iron garnet ferrite (YIG), and CdMgTe crystals.
  • the magneto-optical medium film 14 includes a transparent substrate and multiple layers of magneto-optical substances disposed in the transparent substrate.
  • the material of the transparent substrate includes any one of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), and glass.
  • the magneto-optical substance includes any one of yttrium iron garnet ferrite (YIG), graphene aerogel (GA)-doped yttrium iron garnet ferrite (YIG), and CdMgTe crystals. Multilayer magneto-optical substances are arranged in layers within a transparent substrate.
  • the brightness enhancement film 13 includes a core layer and a coating layer.
  • the coating layer can be obtained by mixing diffusion particles and glue.
  • the coating layer can be evenly coated on the core layer and then dried to obtain brightness. Diaphragm 13.
  • the back plate 11 includes a bottom plate and a bent portion, and a U-shaped accommodation cavity is formed between the bottom plate and the bent portion, and a portion of the light bar and the light guide plate 18 are located in the U-shaped accommodation cavity.
  • the bending part includes a first supporting surface and a second supporting surface arranged to intersect, the light bar is located on the first supporting surface, and the second supporting surface is parallel to the bottom plate.
  • a light-shielding portion 101 is provided between the second supporting surface of the back plate 11 and the array substrate 22 of the liquid crystal display panel 2.
  • the light-shielding portion 101 is generally black, and can be formed by adding black masterbatch to the plastic, or the light-shielding portion 101 It is a black glue layer to prevent the light of the light bar from leaking from the gap between the light guide plate 18 and the back plate 11, resulting in light leakage at the edge.
  • the optical control component 10 may include a lower diffusion film, a lower light-enhancing sheet, an upper light-enhancing sheet and an upper diffusion film that are stacked from bottom to top. At least one of the lower light-enhancing sheet and the upper light-enhancing sheet is provided with a prism structure on the light exit surface, so that The light emitted from the light guide plate 18 produces a focusing effect, thereby improving the brightness of the backlight module 1 within a specific viewing angle range.
  • the edge-type backlight module in this embodiment since the distance between the magneto-optical dielectric film 14 and the magnetic component 15 is relatively close, the magnetic induction intensity generated by the magnetic component 15 parallel to the light emitting direction is greater and the magnetic field is uniform.
  • the performance is relatively better, it can increase the single rotation angle of linearly polarized light in the magnetic field, reduce the number of reflections of linearly polarized light by the brightness enhancement film 13 and the reflective film 12, thereby reducing the waste caused by the absorption of light by each film layer.
  • the efficiency of polarized light passing through the brightness enhancement film 13 is further improved, the waste caused by light being absorbed by each film layer is reduced, and the backlight utilization rate is improved.
  • the thickness of the magneto-optical dielectric film 14 can be reduced. Compared with the direct-lit backlight module, the thickness of the edge-lit backlight module is thinner.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module and a display device provided by the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • the fourth embodiment of the present application also provides a backlight module 1 and a display device including the backlight module 1, which has a similar structure to the third embodiment and the backlight module 1 shown in Figure 3 , the difference lies in that the position of the magneto-optical dielectric film 14 of the edge-type backlight module is different.
  • the third embodiment and the backlight module 1 shown in FIG. 3 since the distance between the magneto-optical dielectric film 14 and the magnetic element 15 is closer, the magnetic induction intensity is greater, and the uniformity of the magnetic field is relatively better.
  • the rotation angle ⁇ V ⁇ B ⁇ L of the Faraday magneto-optical rotation effect
  • the single rotation angle of linearly polarized light after passing through the magneto-optical medium film 14 can be increased, thereby reducing linear polarization.
  • the number of times light is reflected by the brightness enhancing film 13 and the reflective sheet 12 reduces the waste caused by light being absorbed by each film layer and improves the backlight utilization rate.
  • the light source 16 is a light bar
  • the light guide plate 18 is disposed between the reflective sheet 12 and the brightness enhancement film 13
  • the light bar is disposed on the light incident side of the light guide plate 18
  • the magneto-optical medium film 14 is located between the magnetic element 15 and the brightness enhancement film 13 . between the reflective sheets 12.
  • a light bar generally includes multiple light-emitting elements arranged in a row, and the light-emitting elements can be regular-sized light-emitting diodes (Light-Emitting Diode, LED).
  • the material of the light guide plate 18 can be polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) material with high light transmittance, polymethacryloyl styrene material with excellent heat resistance and moisture resistance, or artificial light guide material. Resin etc.
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • the light emitted from the light source 16 enters the main body from the light incident side of the light guide plate 18, and then exits from the light exit surface side of the main body into the liquid crystal display panel 2, thereby converting the point light source or linear light source generated by the light source 16 into a surface light source, so that The entire area of the liquid crystal display panel 2 is illuminated with substantially uniform brightness.
  • the back plate 11 includes a bottom plate and a bent portion, and a U-shaped accommodation cavity is formed between the bottom plate and the bent portion, and a portion of the light bar and the light guide plate 18 are located in the U-shaped accommodation cavity.
  • the bending part includes a first supporting surface and a second supporting surface arranged to intersect, the light bar is located on the first supporting surface, and the second supporting surface is parallel to the bottom plate.
  • a light-shielding portion 101 is provided between the second supporting surface of the back plate 11 and the array substrate 22 of the liquid crystal display panel 2.
  • the light-shielding portion 101 is generally black and can be formed by adding black masterbatch to the plastic, or the light-shielding portion 101 is Black glue layer, etc., to prevent the light of the light bar from leaking from the gap between the light guide plate 18 and the back plate 11, resulting in edge light leakage.
  • the edge-type backlight module in this embodiment since the distance between the magneto-optical dielectric film 14 and the magnetic component 15 is relatively close, the magnetic induction intensity generated by the magnetic component 15 parallel to the light emitting direction is greater and the magnetic field is uniform.
  • the performance is relatively better, which can increase the single rotation angle of linearly polarized light in the magnetic field, reduce the number of times the linearly polarized light is reflected by the brightness enhancement film 13 and the reflective film 12, thereby reducing the waste caused by the absorption of light by each film layer. , further improving the efficiency of polarized light passing through the brightness enhancement film 13, reducing the waste caused by light being absorbed by each film layer, and improving the backlight utilization rate.
  • the thickness of the magneto-optical dielectric film 14 can be reduced. Compared with the direct-lit backlight module, the thickness of the edge-lit backlight module is thinner.
  • the technical solution of the backlight module 1 provided by each embodiment of the present application can be widely used to provide light sources for various liquid crystal display panels, such as TN (Twisted Nematic, twisted nematic) display panels, IPS (In- Plane Switching, plane switching) display panel, VA (Vertical Alignment, vertical alignment) display panel, MVA (Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment, multi-quadrant vertical alignment) display panel.
  • TN Transmission Nematic, twisted nematic
  • IPS In- Plane Switching, plane switching
  • VA Very Alignment, vertical alignment
  • MVA Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment, multi-quadrant vertical alignment
  • the term "layer” as used herein may refer to a portion of material that includes a region of thickness.
  • a layer may extend over the entire underlying or overlying structure, or may have an extent that is smaller than the extent of the underlying or overlying structure.
  • a layer may be a region of a homogeneous or non-homogeneous continuous structure, the thickness of which is less than the thickness of the continuous structure.
  • a layer may be located between the top and bottom surfaces of the continuous structure or between any pairs of transverse planes at the top and bottom surfaces.
  • the layers may extend laterally, vertically and/or along tapered surfaces.
  • the base substrate may be a layer, may include one or more layers therein, and/or may have one or more layers on, above, and/or below it.
  • a layer may include multiple layers.
  • interconnect layers may include one or more conductor and contact layers within which contacts, interconnect lines, and/or vias are formed, and one or more dielectric layers.

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Abstract

一种背光模组（1）及显示装置。背光模组（1）包括背板（11）、反射片（12）、增亮膜片（13）、磁光介质膜片（14）和磁性件（15），磁性件（15）位于背板（11）与反射片（12）之间，磁光介质膜片（14）位于磁性件（15）与增亮膜片（13）之间，增亮膜片（13）用于透过第一方向（X）的线偏振光，并反射第二方向（Y）的线偏振光，磁性件（15）用于产生平行于第一方向（X）的磁场，以使第二方向（Y）的线偏振光在穿过位于磁场中的磁光介质膜片（14）后其偏振方向发生旋转，反射片（12）用于反射旋转后的线偏振光，其中，第一方向（X）为背光模组（1）的出光方向，第二方向（Y）与第一方向（X）相互垂直。提升了通过增亮膜片（13）的偏振光效率，减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，提高背光利用率。

Description

背光模组及显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2022年05月12日提交的名称为“背光模组及显示装置”的中国专利申请202210533173.4的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，特别是涉及一种背光模组及显示装置。
背景技术
显示装置通常包括液晶显示面板(Liquid Crystal Display，简称LCD)和背光模组，背光模组设置于LCD的背光侧，用于为LCD提供光源，以使LCD显示图像。
LCD的背光穿透率往往只有5％左右，如果增大对比度，穿透率往往会更低，那么就需要更亮的背光。目前LCD中使用偏振性增亮膜片(Dual Brightness Enhancement Films，简称DBEF)，使得背光模组发出的自然光中与LCD下偏光片穿透轴同向的分量通过，而垂直分量返回背光，返回的光能量经过多次反射和折射后，再次变为自然光，从而部分可穿过DBEF，实现这部分能量的回收利用。但是，被DBEF反射回来的偏振光，经过很多次反射和折射才能完成部分能量转化为目标偏振方向，期间能量被各层膜片反复吸收，造成较多浪费，限制了DBEF提高背光利用率的能力。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种背光模组及显示装置，其可以极大地极大地提升通过增亮膜片的偏振光效率，减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，提高背光利用率。
第一方面，本申请实施例提出了一种背光模组，包括背板和设置于背板上的反射片，背光模组还包括增亮膜片、磁光介质膜片和磁性件，磁性 件位于背板与反射片之间，磁光介质膜片位于磁性件与增亮膜片之间，增亮膜片用于透过第一方向的线偏振光，并反射第二方向的线偏振光，磁性件用于产生平行于第一方向的磁场，以使第二方向的线偏振光在穿过位于磁场中的磁光介质膜片后其偏振方向发生旋转，反射片用于反射旋转后的线偏振光，其中，第一方向为背光模组的出光方向，第二方向与第一方向相互垂直。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提出了一种显示装置，包括：液晶显示面板；和如前所述的背光模组，设置于液晶显示面板的背光面一侧，背光模组用于向液晶显示面板提供光源。
根据本申请实施例提供的背光模组及显示装置，该背光模组通过在背板与反射片之间设置磁性件，在磁性件与增亮膜片之间设置磁光介质膜片，使得增亮膜片可以透过第一方向的线偏振光，并反射第二方向的线偏振光，磁性件可以产生平行于第一方向的磁场，以使第二方向的线偏振光穿过位于磁场中的磁光介质膜片后其偏振方向发生旋转，反射片用于反射旋转后的线偏振光，从而可以将绝大多数被增亮膜片反射的第二方向的线偏振光转化为沿第一方向的可透过增亮膜片的线偏振光，极大地提升通过增亮膜片的偏振光效率，减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，提高背光利用率。
附图说明
下面将参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果。在附图中，相同的部件使用相同的附图标记。附图并未按照实际的比例绘制，仅用于示意相对位置关系，某些部位的层厚采用了夸大的绘图方式以便于理解，附图中的层厚并不代表实际层厚的比例关系。
图1示出本申请第一实施例提供的背光模组及包括该背光模组的显示装置的结构示意图；
图2示出本申请第一实施例提供的背光模组的光路示意图；
图3示出本申请第二实施例提供的背光模组及包括该背光模组的显示装置的结构示意图；
图4示出本申请第三实施例提供的背光模组及包括该背光模组的显示装置的结构示意图；
图5示出本申请第四实施例提供的背光模组及包括该背光模组的显示装置的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、背光模组；10、光学调控组件；101、遮光部；X、第一方向；Y、第二方向；
11、背板；12、反射片；13、增亮膜片；14、磁光介质膜片；
15、磁性件；16、光源；17、支撑柱；18、导光板；19、支撑板；
2、液晶显示面板；21、下偏光片；22、阵列基板；23、彩膜基板；24、上偏光片。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请的各个方面的特征和示例性实施例。在下面的详细描述中，提出了许多具体细节，以便提供对本申请的全面理解。但是，对于本领域技术人员来说很明显的是，本申请可以在不需要这些具体细节中的一些细节的情况下实施。下面对实施例的描述仅仅是为了通过示出本申请的示例来提供对本申请的更好的理解。在附图和下面的描述中，至少部分的公知结构和技术没有被示出，以便避免对本申请造成不必要的模糊；并且，为了清晰，可能夸大了区域结构的尺寸。此外，下文中所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施例中。
下面结合附图分别描述本申请各实施例提供的背光模组及包括该背光模组的显示装置的具体结构。
第一实施例
图1示出本申请第一实施例提供的背光模组及显示装置的结构示意图，图2示出本申请第一实施例提供的背光模组的光路示意图。
液晶显示装置通常包括液晶显示面板2和背光模组1，其中液晶显示面板2为非发射型光接收元件，背光模组1设置于液晶显示面板2的背光面一侧，用于为液晶显示面板2提供光源，以使液晶显示面板2显示图像。
液晶显示面板2可以为单个显示面板，也可以为在厚度方向上层叠设置的双显示面板。当液晶显示面板2为双显示面板时，其中位于底层的显示面板用于控光，位于顶层的显示面板用于显示，如此设置可以提高显示装置的对比度。为了便于描述，本申请各实施例以液晶显示面板2为单个显示面板为例进行描述。
液晶显示面板2包括阵列基板22、与阵列基板22相对设置的彩膜基板23和设置于阵列基板22与彩膜基板23之间的液晶层。液晶层包括多个液晶分子，液晶分子通常为棒状，既可以像液体一样流动，又具有某些晶体特征。当液晶分子处于电场中时，其排列方向会根据电场的变化而改变。液晶显示面板2通过在阵列基板22和彩膜基板23上施加驱动电压来控制液晶层的液晶分子的旋转，以将背光模组1提供的光线折射出来产生画面。
另外，显示装置还包括位于液晶显示面板2的出光面一侧的上偏光片24、位于液晶显示面板2的背光面一侧的下偏光片21，以及位于上偏光片24背离液晶显示面板2一侧的盖板(图中未示出)。下偏光片21和上偏光片24可使液晶显示面板2的入射光偏振，以允许仅在一个方向上振动的光透射。
如图1所示，本申请第一实施例提供的背光模组1包括背板11、设置于背板11上的反射片12及增亮膜片13、磁光介质膜片14和磁性件15。
磁性件15位于背板11与反射片12之间，磁光介质膜片14位于磁性件15与增亮膜片13之间，增亮膜片13用于透过第一方向X的线偏振光，并反射第二方向Y的线偏振光，磁性件15用于产生平行于第一方向X的磁场，以使第二方向Y的线偏振光在穿过位于磁场中的磁光介质膜片14后其偏振方向发生旋转，反射片12用于反射旋转后的线偏振光，其中，第一方向X为背光模组1的出光方向，第二方向Y与第一方向X相互垂直。
背光模组1还包括光源16，光源16发出的光为自然光。增亮膜片13具有偏振性，只允许振动方向与透振方向平行的光分量通过。由此，自然光中与液晶显示面板2的下偏光片21的透过轴同向(即第一方向X)的光能量穿过增亮膜片13进而被用于液晶显示面板2显示，而自然光中与下偏光片21的透过轴垂直(即垂直于纸面的第二方向Y)的光能量被增亮膜片 13反射，使得第二方向Y的线偏振光在磁性件15产生的平行于第一方向X的磁场中穿过磁光介质膜片14时发生磁光效应，该磁光效应为法拉第旋转磁光效应。
如图2所示，磁性件15具有沿自身厚度方向相对设置的N极和S极，在N极与S极之间可以产生的平行于第一方向X的磁场方向。当N极位于磁性件15的下表面、S极位于磁性件15的上表面时，磁场方向可以为自下而上的逆磁场方向；当N极位于磁性件15的上表面、S极位于磁性件15的下表面时，磁场方向可以为自上而下的顺磁场方向。
根据法拉第旋转磁光效应，未透过增亮膜片13的第二方向Y的线偏振光的偏振方向在穿过位于磁场中的磁光介质膜片14后发生旋转。如图2所示，实心圆点为未透振的线偏振光的振动方向，即垂直于纸面的第二方向Y，空心箭头为线偏振光的旋转方向。假设旋转角度为θ1，旋转后的线偏振光到达反射片12后发生反射，反射后的线偏振光再次穿过位于磁场中的磁光介质膜片14后发生旋转，旋转角度为θ2。可选地，反射片12可以为镜面反射片，也可以为漫反射片。
由于法拉第旋转磁光效应仅与磁感应强度的方向有关，与偏振光的顺磁感应强度或者逆磁感应强度无关，根据法拉第旋转磁光效应的反射同向旋转原理可知，线偏振光在两次穿过位于磁场中的磁光介质膜片14后其偏振方向的旋转角度θ2与θ1大小相等、方向连续。这样，在磁场中两次旋转后的线偏振光抵达增亮膜片13时，线偏振光的偏振方向旋转了2倍的θ1或者2倍的θ2。
此时，线偏振光的能量再次被分为两部分：与下偏光片21的透过轴同向(即第一方向X)的光能量穿过增亮膜片13进而被用于液晶显示面板2显示，与下偏光片21的透过轴垂直(即第二方向Y)的光能量被增亮膜片13再次反射。如此反射若干次后，可以将绝大多数被增亮膜片13反射回的第二方向Y的线偏振光转化为沿第一方向X的可透过增亮膜片13的线偏振光，减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，提高背光利用率。
根据本申请实施例提供的背光模组1及显示装置，该背光模组1通过在背板11与反射片12之间设置磁性件15，在磁性件15与增亮膜片13之 间设置磁光介质膜片14，使得增亮膜片13可以透过第一方向X的线偏振光，并反射第二方向Y的线偏振光，磁性件15可以产生平行于第一方向X的磁场，以使第二方向Y的线偏振光穿过位于磁场中的磁光介质膜片14后其偏振方向发生旋转，反射片12用于反射旋转后的线偏振光，从而可以将绝大多数被增亮膜片13反射回的第二方向Y的线偏振光转化为沿第一方向X的可透过增亮膜片13的线偏振光，极大地提升通过增亮膜片13的偏振光效率，减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，提高背光利用率。
在一些实施例中，第二方向Y的线偏振光在增亮膜片13与反射片12之间反射N次后被转化为第一方向X的线偏振光，且N＝π/(4×B×V×L)，其中，L为磁光介质膜片14的厚度，V为磁光介质膜片14的费尔德(Verdet)常数，B为磁性件15产生的平行于第一方向X的磁场的磁感强度。
具体来说，根据法拉第旋转磁光效应的工作原理可知，线偏振光穿过磁光介质膜片14后的单次旋转角度θ＝V×B×L，那么，N次被反射片12反射的光线到达增亮膜片13的下表面时的旋转角度为2×N×θ＝2×N×V×B×L。
当2×N×V×B×L≈π/2时，被增亮膜片13反射回的第二方向Y的线偏振光被完全转化为第一方向X的线偏振光，并透过增亮膜片13出射，此时N＝π/(4×V×B×L)。合理设置B值和选择磁光介质膜片14，可以有效缩小N的量级，以尽量可能减少反射的次数，进而减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，提高背光利用率。
理想情况下N＝1时，被增亮膜片13反射的第二方向Y的线偏振光在反射片12反射一次，即可使偏振方向旋转π/2而转化为第一方向X的线偏振光，并透过增亮膜片13重新被利用，最大程度地提高背光利用率。
在一些实施例中，磁性件15为面状磁体，磁性件15的材质可以包括钕铁硼磁铁(NdFeB)，以获得较高的磁感应强度。
可选地，背板11的至少部分为磁屏蔽材料，磁屏蔽材料例如可以包括铁铝合金等，采用冲压等工艺制成，防止外界金属杂质对磁性件15产生的磁场造成干扰，影响线偏振光的转化效率，进而降低背光利用率。磁屏蔽材料还可以保护背光模组1在外力的冲击下不易破碎。背板11的未采用磁 屏蔽材料的部分可以采用塑胶材料制作，例如聚酰亚胺、聚碳酸酯、聚醚砜、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚乙烯等，该部分可以用于粘接磁性件与其他部件磁贴安装等。
另外，背板11的形状可以与使用该背光模组1的液晶显示面板2的形状相同。例如，当液晶显示面板2的形状为圆形时，其使用的背光模组1的背板11的形状也为圆形。背板11的形状可以随不同的实施例而变化。
在一些实施例中，磁光介质膜片14包括透明基板和设置于透明基板的表面上的磁光物质。透明基板的材质包括聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚碳酸酯(PC)和玻璃中的任一者。磁光物质包括钇铁石榴石铁氧体(YIG)、掺杂有石墨烯气凝胶(GA)的钇铁石榴石铁氧体(YIG)和CdMgTe晶体中的任一者。
在一些实施例中，磁光介质膜片14包括透明基板和设置于透明基板内的多层磁光物质。透明基板的材质包括聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚碳酸酯(PC)和玻璃中的任一者。磁光物质包括钇铁石榴石铁氧体(YIG)、掺杂有石墨烯气凝胶(GA)的钇铁石榴石铁氧体(YIG)和CdMgTe晶体中的任一者。多层磁光物质在透明基板内分层布置。
在一些实施例中，增亮膜片13包括核心层和涂布层，可以混合扩散粒子和胶水后获得涂布层，将涂布层均匀涂布于核心层后进行烘干即可获得增亮膜片13。
在一些实施例中，光源16设置于磁性件15背离背板11的一侧，光源16为灯板，灯板包括电路板和在电路板上阵列排布的多个发光元件，反射片12对应于发光元件设置有开槽H，磁光介质膜片14位于反射片12背离磁性件15的一侧，反射片12与磁光介质膜片14之间设置有支撑柱17。
在一些实施例中，发光元件可以为微型发光二极管(Micro-LED)或者亚毫米发光二极管(Mini-LED)中的任一者。Micro-LED是指晶粒尺寸在100微米以下的LED芯片，Mini-LED是指晶粒尺寸在100～300微米左右的LED芯片。在其他实施例中，发光元件也可以为常规尺寸的发光二极管(Light-Emitting Diode，LED)，LED、Mini-LED或者Micro-LED可以作为自发光的发光元件显示，具有低功耗、高亮度、高分辨率、高色彩饱 和度、反应速度快、寿命较长、效率较高等优点。
如图1所示，背光模组1为直下式背光模组，背光模组1还包括光学调控组件10，光学调控组件10位于发光元件远离背板11的一侧，光学调控组件10在背板11上的正投影覆盖多个发光元件在背板11上的正投影。
磁光介质膜片14用于支撑增亮膜片13和其他光学调控组件10，光学调控组件10是在增亮膜片13的基础上处理而得的集反射、折射、散射、汇聚等光学处理功能为一体的光学膜层整体，其可以包括扩散板和位于扩散板背离背板11一侧的光学膜片，扩散板和光学膜片之间通过透明的光学胶固定连接，以防止扩散板与光学膜片之间发生相对位移而影响背光模组1的出光效果。
扩散板用于扩散发光元件发射的光，以均衡整个背光模组1的亮度。光学膜片可以包括例如棱镜片、保护片等，棱镜片用于控制由扩散板扩散的光的传播方向，以使光的传播方向与液晶显示面板2垂直。保护片用于保护棱镜片的棱镜免受刮擦等。保护片还可用于加宽之前由于棱镜片而变窄的视角。
反射片12对应于发光元件设置有开槽，开槽可以避免反射片12遮挡发光元件发射的光线。可选地，反射片12可以由塑性材料制备而成。例如，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚苯乙桸(PS)等。反射片12还可以包括涂覆到塑性材料上的高反射涂层，例如，二氧化钛TiO2，以增大光反射系数。反射片12可以将从光学调控组件10反射至背板11之间的光线再次反射至光学调控组件10，提高背光模组1的出光效率，最终增强背光模组1的背光亮度。
进一步地，支撑柱17为沿自身轴向可伸缩的弹性柱，支撑柱17沿自身轴向的一端与反射片12连接，另一端抵接至磁光介质膜片14。
可选地，支撑柱17为内部设置有弹簧的弹性顶针，可以随混光距离的变化而伸缩。支撑柱17的数量为多个，多个支撑柱17远离反射片12的一端分别抵接至磁光介质膜片14，防止光学调控组件10的中间位置因自身重力向内凹陷而影响出光效果。这种具有多个支撑柱17的背光模组1尤其适用于较大尺寸的显示装置，例如67英寸或者更大尺寸的显示装置。
由于支撑柱17设置在背光模组1的光学腔体内，会吸收发光元件发射的光线，影响光学品味。支撑柱17设置于反射片12与磁光介质膜片14之间，有可能会挤压甚至损坏反射片12。另外，支撑柱17在使用的过程中脱落的话，会留在光学腔体内发生异响，并且影响光学显示效果。因此，在32英寸或者更小尺寸的显示装置中，一般可以省略支撑柱17。
第二实施例
图3示出本申请第二实施例提供的背光模组及包括该背光模组的显示装置的结构示意图。
如图3所示，本申请第二实施例还提供了一种背光模组1及包括该背光模组1的显示装置，其与第一实施例及图1所示的背光模组1结构类似，不同之处在于，直下式背光模组1的磁光介质膜片14与磁性件15之间的距离较近，磁感应强度更大，且磁场的均一性相对更好。
根据法拉第磁光旋转效应的旋转角度θ＝V×B×L可知，磁感应强度更大时，可以增大线偏振光穿过磁光介质膜片14后的单次旋转角度，从而可以减少线偏振光被增亮膜片13和反射片12反射的次数，进而减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，提高背光利用率。
具体来说，背光模组1还包括光源16和支撑板19，光源16设置于磁性件15背离背板11的一侧，光源16为灯板，灯板包括电路板和在电路板上阵列分布的多个发光元件，磁光介质膜片14位于反射片12背离磁性件15的一侧，且磁光介质膜片14与反射片12相互贴合，支撑板19设置于磁光介质膜片14与增亮膜片13之间，磁光介质膜片14与发光元件的顶面平齐，且对应于发光元件设置有开槽，反射片12与支撑板19之间设置有支撑柱17。
在一些实施例中，发光元件可以为微型发光二极管(Micro-LED)或者亚毫米发光二极管(Mini-LED)中的任一者。Micro-LED是指晶粒尺寸在100微米以下的LED芯片，Mini-LED是指晶粒尺寸在100～300微米左右的LED芯片。在其他实施例中，发光元件也可以为常规尺寸的发光二极管(Light-Emitting Diode，LED)，LED、Mini-LED或者Micro-LED可以 作为自发光的发光元件显示，具有低功耗、高亮度、高分辨率、高色彩饱和度、反应速度快、寿命较长、效率较高等优点。
在一个示例中，发光元件为Mini-LED或者Micro-LED，可以将磁光介质膜片14与Mini-LED的顶面平齐，且对应于发光元件设置有开槽，以使磁光介质膜片14整面覆盖于Mini-LED，从而减小背光模组1在厚度方向上的尺寸。
在另一个示例中，发光元件为Mini-LED或者Micro-LED，灯板还包括覆盖多个发光元件的透明密封层，磁光介质膜片14包括掺杂于该透明密封层中的磁光物质，从而可以省略单独的磁光介质膜片14的透明基板，进一步减小背光模组1在厚度方向上的尺寸，实现更紧凑的布置效果。
支撑板19可以为光学扩散片，一方面用于扩散发光元件发射的光，以均衡整个背光模组1的亮度，同时也可以用于支撑增亮膜片13及光学调控组件10。
反射片12和磁光介质膜片14相互贴合，与磁性件15之间的距离较近。反射片12和磁光介质膜片14对应于发光元件分别设置有开槽，开槽可以避免反射片12和磁光介质膜片14遮挡发光元件发射的光线。
进一步地，支撑柱17为沿自身轴向可伸缩的弹性柱，支撑柱17沿自身轴向的一端与反射片12连接，另一端抵接至支撑板19。
可选地，支撑柱17为内部设置有弹簧的弹性顶针，可以随混光距离的变化而伸缩。支撑柱17的数量为多个，多个支撑柱17远离反射片12的一端分别抵接至支撑板19，防止支撑板19及光学调控组件10的中间位置因自身重力向内凹陷而影响出光效果。这种具有多个支撑柱17的背光模组1尤其适用于较大尺寸的显示装置，例如67英寸或者更大尺寸的显示装置。
由于支撑柱17设置在背光模组1的光学腔体内，会吸收发光元件发射的光线，影响光学品味。支撑柱17设置于反射片12与支撑板19之间，有可能会挤压甚至损坏反射片12。另外，支撑柱17在使用的过程中脱落的话，会留在光学腔体内发生异响，并且影响光学显示效果。因此，在32英寸或者更小尺寸的显示装置中，一般可以省略支撑柱17。
本实施例中的直下式背光模组，由于磁光介质膜片14与磁性件15之 间的距离较近，磁性件15产生的平行于第一方向X的磁场的磁感应强度更大，且磁场的均一性相对更好，可以增大线偏振光在磁场中的单次旋转角度，减少线偏振光被增亮膜片13和反射片12反射的次数，进而减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，进一步提升通过增亮膜片13的偏振光效率，减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，提高背光利用率。
第三实施例
图4示出本申请第三实施例提供的背光模组及包括该背光模组的显示装置的结构示意图。
如图4所示，本申请第三实施例还提供了一种背光模组1及包括该背光模组1的显示装置，其与第一实施例及图1所示的背光模组1结构类似，不同之处在于，背光模组1为侧入式背光模组，即光源16设置于导光板18的入光侧。此时，磁光介质膜片14可以减少厚度，且因其与磁性件15的距离更近，磁感应强度更大，且磁场的均一性相对更好。
根据法拉第磁光旋转效应的旋转角度θ＝V×B×L可知，磁感应强度更大时，可以增大线偏振光穿过磁光介质膜片14后的单次旋转角度，从而可以减少线偏振光被增亮膜片13和反射片12反射的次数，进而减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，提高背光利用率。另外，与直下式背光模组相比，侧入式背光模组的厚度更薄。
具体来说，背光模组1包括光源16和导光板18，光源16为灯条，导光板18设置于反射片12与磁光介质膜片14之间，灯条设置于导光板18的一侧。灯条一般包括成行排布的多个发光元件，发光元件可以为常规尺寸的发光二极管(Light-Emitting Diode，LED)。
可选地，导光板18的材质可以为具有高透光率的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)材料、具有优异的耐热性和防潮性的聚甲基丙烯酰苯乙烯(Polymethacrylstyrene，MS)材料、导光人造树脂等。从光源16发射的光从导光板18的入光侧进入主体部，然后从主体部的出光面一侧射出进入液晶显示面板2，从而将光源16产生点光源或者线光源转换成面光源，使得液晶显示面板2的整个面积以基本一致的亮度被照明。
另外，背光模组1还包括设置于导光板18上的磁光介质膜片14、增亮膜片13和光学调控组件10。
在一些实施例中，磁光介质膜片14包括透明基板和设置于透明基板的表面上的磁光物质。透明基板的材质包括聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚碳酸酯(PC)和玻璃中的任一者。磁光物质包括钇铁石榴石铁氧体(YIG)、掺杂有石墨烯气凝胶(GA)的钇铁石榴石铁氧体(YIG)和CdMgTe晶体中的任一者。
在一些实施例中，磁光介质膜片14包括透明基板和设置于透明基板内的多层磁光物质。透明基板的材质包括聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚碳酸酯(PC)和玻璃中的任一者。磁光物质包括钇铁石榴石铁氧体(YIG)、掺杂有石墨烯气凝胶(GA)的钇铁石榴石铁氧体(YIG)和CdMgTe晶体中的任一者。多层磁光物质在透明基板内分层布置。
在一些实施例中，增亮膜片13包括核心层和涂布层，可以混合扩散粒子和胶水后获得涂布层，将涂布层均匀涂布于核心层后进行烘干即可获得增亮膜片13。
在一些实施例中，背板11包括底板和折弯部，且底板与折弯部之间形成U型容纳腔，灯条和导光板18的一部分位于该U型容纳腔内。折弯部包括相交设置的第一支撑面和第二支撑面，灯条位于第一支撑面上，第二支撑面与底板平行。
进一步地，背板11的第二支撑面与液晶显示面板2的阵列基板22之间上设置有遮光部101，遮光部101一般为黑色，可以在塑胶中加入黑色色母形成，或者遮光部101为黑色胶层等，以防止灯条的光线从导光板18与背板11之间的缝隙漏出，导致边缘漏光。
光学调控组件10可以包括自下而上层叠设置的下扩散膜、下增光片、上增光片和上扩散膜，下增光片和上增光片中至少有一片的出光面上设置有棱镜结构，使从导光板18发出的光线产生聚集效果，从而可以提高背光模组1特定视角范围内的亮度。
本实施例中的侧入式背光模组，由于磁光介质膜片14与磁性件15之间的距离较近，磁性件15产生平行于出光方向的磁场的磁感应强度更大， 且磁场的均一性相对更好，可以增大线偏振光在磁场中的单次旋转角度，减少线偏振光被增亮膜片13和反射片12反射的次数，进而减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，进一步提升通过增亮膜片13的偏振光效率，减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，提高背光利用率。另外，磁光介质膜片14可以减少厚度，与直下式背光模组相比，侧入式背光模组的厚度更薄。
第四实施例
图5示出本申请第四实施例提供的背光模组及显示装置的结构示意图。
如图5所示，本申请第四实施例还提供了一种背光模组1及包括该背光模组1的显示装置，其与第三实施例及图3所示的背光模组1结构类似，不同之处在于，侧入式背光模组的磁光介质膜片14位置不同。与第三实施例及图3所示的背光模组1相比，由于磁光介质膜片14与磁性件15之间的距离较近，磁感应强度更大，且磁场的均一性相对更好。
根据法拉第磁光旋转效应的旋转角度θ＝V×B×L可知，磁感应强度更大时，可以增大线偏振光穿过磁光介质膜片14后的单次旋转角度，从而可以减少线偏振光被增亮膜片13和反射片12反射的次数，进而减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，提高背光利用率。
具体来说，光源16为灯条，导光板18设置于反射片12与增亮膜片13之间，灯条设置于导光板18的入光侧，磁光介质膜片14位于磁性件15与反射片12之间。灯条一般包括成行排布的多个发光元件，发光元件可以为常规尺寸的发光二极管(Light-Emitting Diode，LED)。
可选地，导光板18的材质可以为具有高透光率的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)材料、具有优异的耐热性和防潮性的聚甲基丙烯酰苯乙烯材料、导光人造树脂等。从光源16发射的光从导光板18的入光侧进入主体部，然后从主体部的出光面一侧射出进入液晶显示面板2，从而将光源16产生点光源或者线光源转换成面光源，使得液晶显示面板2的整个面积以基本一致的亮度被照明。
在一些实施例中，背板11包括底板和折弯部，且底板与折弯部之间形成U型容纳腔，灯条和导光板18的一部分位于该U型容纳腔内。折弯部 包括相交设置的第一支撑面和第二支撑面，灯条位于第一支撑面上，第二支撑面与底板平行。
进一步地，背板11的第二支撑面与液晶显示面板2的阵列基板22之间设置有遮光部101，遮光部101一般为黑色，可以在塑胶中加入黑色色母形成，或者遮光部101为黑色胶层等，以防止灯条的光线从导光板18与背板11之间的缝隙漏出，导致边缘漏光。
本实施例中的侧入式背光模组，由于磁光介质膜片14与磁性件15之间的距离较近，磁性件15产生平行于出光方向的磁场的磁感应强度更大，且磁场的均一性相对更好，从而可以增大线偏振光在磁场中的单次旋转角度，减少线偏振光被增亮膜片13和反射片12反射的次数，进而减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，进一步提升通过增亮膜片13的偏振光效率，减少光线被各膜层吸收造成的浪费，提高背光利用率。另外，磁光介质膜片14可以减少厚度，与直下式背光模组相比，侧入式背光模组的厚度更薄。
可以理解的是，本申请各实施例提供的背光模组1的技术方案可以广泛用于向各种液晶显示面板提供光源，如TN(Twisted Nematic，扭曲向列型)显示面板、IPS(In-Plane Switching，平面转换型)显示面板、VA(Vertical Alignment，垂直配向型)显示面板、MVA(Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment，多象限垂直配向型)显示面板。
应当容易地理解，应当按照最宽的方式解释本申请中的“在……上”、“在……以上”和“在……之上”，以使得“在……上”不仅意味着“直接处于某物上”，还包括“在某物上”且其间具有中间特征或层的含义，并且“在……以上”或者“在……之上”不仅包括“在某物以上”或“之上”的含义，还可以包括“在某物以上”或“之上”且其间没有中间特征或层(即，直接处于某物上)的含义。
文中使用的术语“层”可以指包括具有一定厚度的区域的材料部分。层可以在整个的下层结构或上覆结构之上延伸，或者可以具有比下层或上覆结构的范围小的范围。此外，层可以是匀质或者非匀质的连续结构的一个区域，其厚度小于该连续结构的厚度。例如，层可以位于所述连续结构 的顶表面和底表面之间或者所述顶表面和底表面处的任何成对的横向平面之间。层可以横向延伸、垂直延伸和/或沿锥形表面延伸。衬底基板可以是层，可以在其中包括一个或多个层，和/或可以具有位于其上、其以上和/或其以下的一个或多个层。层可以包括多个层。例如，互连层可以包括一个或多个导体和接触层(在其内形成触点、互连线和/或过孔)以及一个或多个电介质层。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种背光模组，包括背板和设置于背板上的反射片，其中，所述背光模组还包括增亮膜片、磁光介质膜片和磁性件，所述磁性件位于所述背板与所述反射片之间，所述磁光介质膜片位于所述磁性件与所述增亮膜片之间，所述增亮膜片用于透过第一方向的线偏振光，并反射第二方向的线偏振光，所述磁性件用于产生平行于所述第一方向的磁场，以使所述第二方向的线偏振光在穿过位于所述磁场中的所述磁光介质膜片后其偏振方向发生旋转，所述反射片用于反射旋转后的所述线偏振光，其中，所述第一方向为所述背光模组的出光方向，所述第二方向与所述第一方向互相垂直。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述第二方向的线偏振光在所述增亮膜片与所述反射片之间反射N次后被转化为所述第一方向的线偏振光，且N＝π/(4×V×B×L)，其中，L为所述磁光介质膜片的厚度，V为所述磁光介质膜片的费尔德常数，B为所述磁性件产生的平行于所述第一方向的磁场的磁感强度。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述磁光介质膜片包括磁光物质，所述磁光物质包括YIG、掺杂有GA的YIG和CdMgTe晶体中的任一者。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的背光模组，其中，所述磁光介质膜片还包括透明基板，所述磁光物质设置于所述透明基板上或者分层布置于所述透明基板内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的背光模组，其中，所述透明基板的材质包括聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚碳酸酯和玻璃中的任一者。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述磁性件为面状磁体，所述背板的至少部分采用磁屏蔽材料制成。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述背光模组还包括灯板，所述灯板设置于所述磁性件背离所述背板的一侧，所述灯板包括电路板和在所述电路板上阵列分布的多个发光元件，所述反射片对应于所述发光元件设置有开槽，所述磁光介质膜片位于所述反射片背离所述磁性件的一侧，所述反射片与所述磁光介质膜片之间设置有支撑柱。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述背光模组还包括灯板和支撑板，所述灯板设置于所述磁性件背离所述背板的一侧，所述灯板包括电路板和在所述电路板上阵列分布的多个发光元件；所述支撑板设置于所述磁光介质膜片与所述增亮膜片之间，所述磁光介质膜片与所述反射片贴合设置，所述磁光介质膜片与所述发光元件的顶面平齐，且对应于所述发光元件设置有开槽，所述反射片与所述支撑板之间设置有支撑柱。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的背光模组，其中，所述灯板还包括覆盖所述多个发光元件的透明密封层，所述磁光介质膜片包括掺杂于所述透明密封层中的磁光物质，所述磁光物质包括YIG、掺杂有GA的YIG和CdMgTe晶体中的任一者。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的背光模组，其中，所述支撑板为光学扩散片。
  11. 根据权利要求7或8所述的背光模组，其中，所述支撑柱为沿自身轴向可伸缩的弹性柱。
  12. 根据权利要求7或8所述的背光模组，其中，所述发光元件为微型发光二极管或者亚毫米发光二极管，所述灯板还包括覆盖所述发光元件的透明密封层，所述磁光介质膜片包括掺杂于所述透明密封层内的磁光物质。
  13. 根据权利要求7或8所述的背光模组，其中，所述背光模组还包括光学调控组件，所述光学调控组件位于所述发光元件远离所述背板的一侧，所述光学调控组件包括扩散板和位于所述扩散板背离所述背板一侧的光学膜片。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述背光模组还包括灯条和导光板，所述磁光介质膜片位于所述反射片背离所述磁性件的一侧，所述导光板设置于所述反射片与所述磁光介质膜片之间，所述灯条设置于所述导光板的入光侧，且所述灯条包括电路板和在所述电路板上成行排布的多个发光元件。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述背光模组还包括灯条和导光板，所述反射片位于所述磁光介质膜片背离所述磁性件的一侧，所述导光板设置于所述反射片与所述增亮膜片之间，所述灯条设置于所述导光板的入光侧，所述灯条包括电路板和在所述电路板上成行排布的多个发 光元件。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的背光模组，其中，所述背光模组还包括光学调控组件，所述光学调控组件位于所述发光元件远离所述背板的一侧，所述光学调控组件包括自下而上层叠设置的下扩散膜、下增光片、上增光片和上扩散膜，所述下增光片和所述上增光片中至少一者的出光面上设置有棱镜结构。
  17. 根据权利要求14或15所述的背光模组，其中，所述背板包括底板和折弯部，且所述底板与所述折弯部之间形成U型容纳腔，所述灯条和所述导光板的一部分位于所述U型容纳腔内；
    所述折弯部包括相交设置的第一支撑面和第二支撑面，所述灯条位于所述第一支撑面上，所述第二支撑面与所述底板平行。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的背光模组，其中，所述背板的所述第二支撑面与液晶显示面板的阵列基板之间设置有遮光部。
  19. 一种显示装置，包括：
    液晶显示面板；和
    背光模组，设置于所述液晶显示面板的背光侧，所述背光模组用于向所述液晶显示面板提供光源；所述背光模组包括背板和设置于背板上的反射片，所述背光模组还包括增亮膜片、磁光介质膜片和磁性件，所述磁性件位于所述背板与所述反射片之间，所述磁光介质膜片位于所述磁性件与所述增亮膜片之间，所述增亮膜片用于透过第一方向的线偏振光，并反射第二方向的线偏振光，所述磁性件用于产生平行于所述第一方向的磁场，以使所述第二方向的线偏振光在穿过位于所述磁场中的所述磁光介质膜片后其偏振方向发生旋转，所述反射片用于反射旋转后的所述线偏振光，其中，所述第一方向为所述背光模组的出光方向，所述第二方向与所述第一方向互相垂直。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置还包括位于所述液晶显示面板的出光面一侧的上偏光片、位于所述液晶显示面板的背光面一侧的下偏光片，以及位于所述上偏光片背离所述液晶显示面板一侧的盖板。
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