WO2018120508A1 - 背光模块及显示设备 - Google Patents

背光模块及显示设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018120508A1
WO2018120508A1 PCT/CN2017/080553 CN2017080553W WO2018120508A1 WO 2018120508 A1 WO2018120508 A1 WO 2018120508A1 CN 2017080553 W CN2017080553 W CN 2017080553W WO 2018120508 A1 WO2018120508 A1 WO 2018120508A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
fiber
guide plate
backlight module
light guide
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/080553
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈猷仁
Original Assignee
惠科股份有限公司
重庆惠科金渝光电科技有限公司
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Application filed by 惠科股份有限公司, 重庆惠科金渝光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 惠科股份有限公司
Priority to US15/735,315 priority Critical patent/US10502883B2/en
Publication of WO2018120508A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018120508A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0028—Light guide, e.g. taper
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
    • G02B6/001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type the light being emitted along at least a portion of the lateral surface of the fibre
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0031—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/04—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133524—Light-guides, e.g. fibre-optic bundles, louvered or jalousie light-guides
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a backlight module and a display device, and more particularly to a backlight module and a display device using a plurality of fiber bundles as a light source.
  • a liquid crystal display is mostly a backlight type liquid crystal display, which is composed of a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight module.
  • the liquid crystal display panel is composed of two transparent substrates and a liquid crystal sealed between the substrates.
  • the Backlight Module is a key component widely used in flat panel displays, especially in liquid crystal displays.
  • the backlight module is generally disposed on the back of the display panel of the liquid crystal display. According to the different requirements of the function of the liquid crystal display, the backlight module can be mainly divided into a direct type backlight module and an edge light type backlight module.
  • the thin film transistor liquid crystal display needs to be matched with the backlight module to display effectively.
  • the conventional side-in backlight needs to be attached to the side of the light guide plate, because the size of the light-emitting diode chip is large and the light-emitting diode lamp is needed.
  • An integrated circuit board, this design is not conducive to flexible use.
  • a light guide plate having a light entrance side
  • each of the plurality of fiber bundles is divided into a light guide segment and a light exit segment, and the plurality of light exit segments of the plurality of fiber bundles are arranged in the On the light incident side of the light guide plate.
  • the positions of the plurality of light exiting segments of the plurality of fiber bundles are mutually staggered.
  • each of the bundles of fibers includes more than one of the exit segments.
  • the light guiding segment of the fiber bundle includes an inner fiber material and a first outer fiber material, and the outer refractive index of the optical fiber is greater than the outer refractive index of the first outer fiber. rate.
  • the light exiting segment of the fiber bundle includes an inner fiber material and a second outer fiber material, and the outer diameter of the second outer fiber is greater than the inner refractive index of the inner fiber.
  • the plurality of fiber bundles exhibit multi-strand mixing through mixing and mixing, and increase a spot size of the light exiting segment of the fiber bundle.
  • the backlight module further includes: a light source for providing a light to the fiber bundle.
  • the ratio of the length of the light exiting section or the length of the light guiding section is less than one.
  • each of the plurality of fiber bundles is divided into a light guide segment and at least two light exit segments, and the plurality of light exit segments of the plurality of fiber bundles are Arranged on the light incident side of the light guide plate.
  • the positions of the plurality of light exiting segments of the plurality of fiber bundles are mutually staggered, and the plurality of fiber bundles are mixed and matched to exhibit a plurality of strands, and the light spot size of the light exiting section of the fiber bundle is increased.
  • the method further includes: a light source for providing a light beam to the fiber bundle, the light source being, for example, ambient light, Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp (CCFL), hot cathode Fluorescent Lamp (HCFL), Light-Emitting Diode (LED), Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED), Flat Fluorescent Lamp (FFL), Electroluminescent Device (Electro- Luminescence; EL), Light Bar, electrodeless lamp or any combination of the above.
  • a light source for providing a light beam to the fiber bundle
  • the light source being, for example, ambient light, Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp (CCFL), hot cathode Fluorescent Lamp (HCFL), Light-Emitting Diode (LED), Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED), Flat Fluorescent Lamp (FFL), Electroluminescent Device (Electro- Luminescence; EL), Light Bar, electrodeless lamp or any combination of the above.
  • CCFL Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp
  • a ratio between the length of the light exiting section and the length of the light guiding section is less than 1.
  • the application also provides a display device, including: a display panel;
  • the backlight module includes:
  • a light guide plate having a light entrance side
  • each of the plurality of fiber bundles is divided into a light guide segment and a light exit segment, and the plurality of light exit segments of the plurality of fiber bundles are arranged in the On the light incident side of the light guide plate.
  • the present application can replace the LED light bar with an optical fiber, and can realize a flexible backlight design.
  • the optical fiber conduction light source is used to eliminate the structure of the light-emitting diode light bar, and the light fiber is light, thin and soft, so that the structure of the light collecting system of the backlight is more compact, and the optical fiber light-incident mode is changed from the end surface to the side surface, and the optical fiber can be flatly attached to the light guide plate.
  • the application on the backlight makes the space utilization of the backlight system more concise.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary side-entry backlight module design.
  • Figure 2a is a schematic illustration of an exemplary light guide.
  • 2c is a schematic cross-sectional view of a BB of an exemplary light guide plate.
  • 2d is a schematic cross-sectional view of the exemplary light guide plate taken along line AA.
  • Figure 3b is a cross-sectional view of a fiber optic bundle in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a light guide plate having an optical fiber structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5a is a block diagram of another fiber bundle assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fiber bundle set according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the word “comprising” is to be understood to include the component, but does not exclude any other component.
  • “on” means located above or below the target component, and does not mean that it must be on the top based on the direction of gravity.
  • the display device of the present application comprises a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight module, which are oppositely disposed.
  • the liquid crystal display panel mainly comprises a color filter substrate, a thin film transistor substrate and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the two substrates.
  • the color filter substrate and the thin film transistor substrate and the liquid crystal layer can form a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array.
  • the backlight module emits light through the liquid crystal display panel and displays an image through each pixel unit of the liquid crystal display panel to form an image.
  • the liquid crystal display panel of the present application may be a curved display panel, and the display device of the present application may also be a curved display device.
  • the light alignment technique forms a multi-domain alignment in each pixel unit of the panel such that liquid crystal molecules in one pixel unit are dumped in, for example, four different directions.
  • the optical alignment technique is to irradiate a polymer film (alignment layer) on the color filter substrate or the thin film transistor substrate by using an ultraviolet light source (for example, polarized light) to cause unevenness of the polymer structure on the surface of the film.
  • the photopolymerization, isomerization or cleavage reaction induces a special directionality of the chemical bond structure on the surface of the film to further induce the liquid crystal molecules to be aligned in the direction to achieve optical alignment.
  • the optical fiber is designed to be totally reflected by the inner and outer layers of different refractive indices, and the light is designed to be totally reflected in the light guiding section 340.
  • the refractive index of the inner and outer materials is different and the internal refractive index of the optical fiber is larger than the external refractive index, which satisfies the total reflection condition and makes the light highly efficient.
  • the refractive index of the outer material of the optical fiber is changed, so that the optical fiber no longer maintains total reflection, and light is transmitted through and enters the light incident side of the light guide plate 100.
  • the fiber bundle 360 structure includes a fiber bundle light guiding segment 340 and a fiber bundle light exiting segment 350.
  • the fiber bundle light guiding segment 340 further includes an inner fiber material 310 and an outer fiber material 320.
  • the inner diameter of the fiber material 310 is greater than the refractive index of the outer fiber material 320.
  • the fiber bundle light exiting section 350 further includes an optical fiber inner layer material 310 and an outer fiber outer material 330.
  • the outer diameter of the outer diameter material 330 is greater than the refractive index of the inner fiber material 310 of the optical fiber.
  • the ratio of the length of the light exiting section 350 or the length of the light guiding section 340 is less than 1.
  • the interface between the layers is touched to produce a different result.
  • the fiber inner layer material 310 in the fiber bundle light guiding section 340 As an example, when the light contacts the interface between the outer fiber material 320 and the inner fiber material 310, due to the inner layer of the optical fiber The refractive index of the material 310 is greater than the refractive index of the outer layer material 320 of the optical fiber. Therefore, the light of the inner layer material 310 of the optical fiber can be smoothly reflected into the inner layer material 310 of the optical fiber, and is less likely to be refracted to the outside of the optical fiber. Layer material 320.
  • the optical fiber inner layer material 310 in the fiber exit light exiting section 350 when the light contacts the interface between the outer optical fiber material 330 and the inner fiber inner material 310, the optical fiber The refractive index of the outer layer material 330 is greater than the refractive index of the inner layer material 310 of the optical fiber. Therefore, the light in the inner layer material 310 of the optical fiber can be smoothly refracted into the outer layer material 330 of the optical fiber, and is relatively less likely to cause reflection and return to the The fiber inner layer material 310 is described.
  • the light guide plate 100 further includes a fiber bundle 360 and a light collecting reflector 370 .
  • the fiber bundle 360 is disposed at an edge of the light incident side 210 of the light guide plate 100 and is divided into a light guiding segment 340 and an light exiting segment 350.
  • the light collecting reflector 370 is configured to reflect the light emitted by the fiber bundle 360 into the light incident side 210 of the light guide plate 100.
  • a display device includes: a liquid crystal display panel for displaying images, and a backlight module: A light guide plate 100, a fiber bundle 360 and a light collecting reflector 370.
  • the fiber bundle 360 is disposed at an edge of the light incident side 210 of the light guide plate 100 and is divided into a light guiding segment 340 and an light exiting segment 350.
  • the inner diameter of the fiber material 310 is greater than the refractive index of the outer fiber material 320.
  • the fiber bundle light exiting section 350 further includes an optical fiber inner layer material 310 and an outer fiber outer material 330.
  • the outer diameter of the outer diameter material 330 is greater than the refractive index of the inner fiber material 310 of the optical fiber.
  • the fiber inner layer material 310 in the fiber bundle light guiding section 340 As an example, when the light contacts the interface between the outer fiber material 320 and the inner fiber material 310, due to the inner layer of the optical fiber The refractive index of the material 310 is greater than the refractive index of the outer layer material 320 of the optical fiber. Therefore, the light of the inner layer material 310 of the optical fiber can be smoothly reflected into the inner layer material 310 of the optical fiber, and is less likely to be refracted to the outside of the optical fiber. Layer material 320.
  • the optical fiber inner layer material 310 in the fiber exit light exiting section 350 when the light contacts the interface between the outer optical fiber material 330 and the inner fiber inner material 310, the optical fiber
  • the refractive index of the outer layer material 330 is greater than the refractive index of the inner layer material 310 of the optical fiber. Therefore, the light in the inner layer material 310 of the optical fiber can be smoothly refracted into the outer layer material 330 of the optical fiber, and is relatively less likely to cause reflection and return to the The fiber inner layer material 310 is described.
  • the ratio of the length of the light exiting section 350 or the length of the light guiding section 340 is less than 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fiber bundle set according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • each fiber bundle includes a light directing section 440 and an light exiting section 450.
  • the positions of the light exiting sections 450 may be alternately overlapped, so that the light distribution of the light exiting sections 450 may be uniform, and the light exiting from the light exiting sections 450 may be concentrated on a portion of the light incident side of the light guide plate 100 .
  • each fiber bundle can be packaged More than one light exiting section 450 is included, so that the light distribution of the light exiting sections 450 can be more uniform.
  • an optical fiber can be used instead of the LED light bar, and the flexible backlight design can be realized, and the optical fiber conduction light source is used, the light-emitting diode light bar structure is eliminated, and the light fiber is light, thin, and soft, and the backlight is set.
  • the structure of the optical system is more compact, and the optical fiber entrance mode is changed from the end surface to the side surface, so that the application of the optical fiber flat on the light guide plate can be realized, and the space utilization of the backlight system is more compact.
  • the light guide plate 100 can be made by injection molding, and the material thereof is, for example, a photo-curable resin, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC). It is used to guide the light of the light source to the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the light guide plate may have a light emitting surface, a light reflecting surface, and a side light incident surface.
  • the light-emitting surface is formed on one side of the light guide plate and faces the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the light-emitting surface may have a matte surface treatment or a scattering point design to uniformize the light output of the light guide plate and reduce the phenomenon of light emission unevenness (Mura).
  • the light-emitting surface may be provided with a plurality of protruding structures (not shown) to further correct the direction of the light to increase the light collecting effect and improve the front luminance.
  • the protruding structures may be, for example, prismatic or semi-circular convex or concave structures.
  • the light reflecting surface is formed on the other side of the light guiding plate opposite to the light emitting surface for reflecting the light to the light emitting surface.
  • the light reflecting surface of the light guide plate may be parallel to the light emitting surface.
  • the light reflecting surface may be provided with a light guiding structure (not shown) for reflecting the guiding light to be emitted from the light emitting surface.
  • the light guiding structure of the light reflecting surface is, for example, a continuous V-shaped structure, that is, a V-Cut structure, a matte surface structure, and a scattering point structure, so that the light guiding the light source is sufficiently emitted from the light emitting surface.
  • the side light incident surface is formed on one side or opposite sides of the light guide plate, and corresponds to the light source for allowing light emitted by the light source to enter the light guide plate.
  • the side entrance surface may have, for example, a V-shaped structure (V-Cut), an S-shaped wave structure or a surface roughening treatment (not shown), thereby improving the incidence efficiency and optical coupling efficiency of the light.
  • the light reflecting surface of the backlight module of the present application may be formed of a high reflectivity material such as silver, aluminum, gold, chromium, copper, indium, antimony, nickel, platinum, rhodium, iridium, tin, An alloy of yttrium, tungsten, manganese, any combination of the above, a yellowish-resistant and heat-resistant white reflective paint or any combination of the above materials to reflect light.
  • a high reflectivity material such as silver, aluminum, gold, chromium, copper, indium, antimony, nickel, platinum, rhodium, iridium, tin, An alloy of yttrium, tungsten, manganese, any combination of the above, a yellowish-resistant and heat-resistant white reflective paint or any combination of the above materials to reflect light.
  • the backlight module of the present application may further include an optical film, such as a diffusion sheet, a prism sheet, a Turning Prism Sheet, a Brightness Enhancement Film (BEF), and a reflection.
  • an optical film such as a diffusion sheet, a prism sheet, a Turning Prism Sheet, a Brightness Enhancement Film (BEF), and a reflection.
  • D Brightness Enhancement Film (DBEF), Diffused Reflective Polarizer Film (DRPF), or any combination thereof which is disposed on the light guide plate to improve the light output from the light guide plate.
  • DBEF D Brightness Enhancement Film
  • DRPF Diffused Reflective Polarizer Film

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种背光模块及显示设备，显示设备包括一背光模块及一显示面板；背光模块包括：一导光板（100），具有一入光侧（210）；多条光纤束（230、360、361、362），设置在导光板（100）的入光侧（210）边缘，其中每条光纤束（230、360、361、362）分为导光段（340、440）和出光段（350、450），多条光纤束（230、360、361、362）的多个出光段（350、450）是排列于导光板（100）的入光侧（210）上。

Description

背光模块及显示设备 技术领域
本申请涉及一种背光模块及显示设备，特别是涉及一种利用多条光纤束来作光源的背光模块及显示设备。
背景技术
近年来，随着科技的进步，许多不同的显示设备，例如液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)或电激发光(Electro Luminenscence，EL)显示设备已广泛地应用于平面显示器。以液晶显示器为例，液晶显示器大部分为背光型液晶显示器，其是由液晶显示面板及背光模块(backlight module)所组成。液晶显示面板是由两片透明基板以及被封于基板之间的液晶所构成。
背光模块(Backlight Module)是广泛应用在平面显示器中的关键零组件，特别是应用在液晶显示器中。背光模块一般设在液晶显示器的显示面板背面，而依据液晶显示器功能上的不同需求，其背光模块主要可分为直下式背光模块及侧光式背光模块两种。
薄膜晶体管液晶显示器除玻璃基板外，还需要搭配背光模块才能有效显示，而传统采用侧入式背光需要将发光二极管芯片贴在导光板侧边，由于发光二极管芯片尺寸大且又需将发光二极管灯条集成电路板，此设计不利于柔性使用。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请的目的在于，提供一种背光模块，包括：
一导光板，具有一入光侧；以及
多条光纤束，设置在所述导光板的入光侧边缘，其中每一所述多条光纤束分为导光段及出光段，所述多条光纤束的多个出光段是排列于所述导光板的入光侧上。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述多条光纤束的多个出光段的位置是相互交错重叠。
在本申请的一些实施例中，每条所述光纤束包括一个以上的所述出光段。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述光纤束的导光段包括一光纤内层材质及一第一光纤外层材质，所述光纤内层材质折射率大于所述第一光纤外层材质折射率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述光纤束的出光段包括一光纤内层材质及一第二光纤外层材质，所述第二光纤外层材质折射率大于所述光纤内层材质折射率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述多条光纤束透过混合搭配呈现多股混合，加大所述光纤束的出光段光点大小。
在本申请的一些实施例中，背光模块还包括：一光源，用以提供一光线给所述光纤束。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述出光段长度或导光段长度的比例小于1。
本申请还提供一种背光模块，包括：
一导光板，具有一入光侧；以及
多条光纤束，设置在所述导光板的入光侧边缘，其中每一所述多条光纤束分为导光段及至少二个出光段，所述多条光纤束的多个出光段是排列于所述导光板的入光侧上。
其中，所述多条光纤束的多个出光段的位置是相互交错重叠，所述多条光纤束透过混合搭配呈现多股混合，加大所述光纤束的出光段光点大小。
在本申请的一实施例中，还包括：一光源，用以提供一光线给所述光纤束，所述光源可例如为环境光线、冷阴极荧光灯管(Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp，CCFL)、热阴极荧光灯(Hot Cathode Fluorescent Lamp，HCFL)、发光二极管(Light-Emitting Diode，LED)、有机发光二极管(Organic Light Emitting Diode，OLED)、平面荧光灯(Flat Fluorescent Lamp，FFL)、电激发光组件(Electro-Luminescence；EL)、发光灯条(Light Bar)、无极灯或上述的任意组合。
在本申请的一实施例中，所述导光板的形状为一长方体形状或正方体形状。
在本申请的一实施例中，所述出光段长度及导光段长度之间的比例小于1。
本申请还提供一显示设备，包括：显示面板；以及
背光模块，包括：
一导光板，具有一入光侧；以及
多条光纤束，设置在所述导光板的入光侧边缘，其中每一所述多条光纤束分为导光段及出光段，所述多条光纤束的多个出光段是排列于所述导光板的入光侧上。
有益效果
本申请可利用光纤取代发光二极管灯条，能实现柔性背光设计。利用光纤传导光源，取消发光二极管灯条结构，发挥光纤轻、薄、柔软的特性，使背光的集光系统结构更加简洁，光纤入光方式由端面变更为侧面，可以实现光纤平贴在导光板上的应用，使得背光系统空间利用更简洁。
附图说明
图1是范例性侧入式背光模块设计示意图。
图2a是范例性导光板示意图。
图2b是另一范例性导光板示意图。
图2c是范例性导光板的BB剖面示意图。
图2d是范例性导光板的AA剖面示意图。
图2e是另一范例性导光板的A’A’剖面示意图。
图3a是本申请一实施例的光纤结构剖面图。
图3b是本申请一实施例的光纤束剖面图。
图3c是本申请一实施例的光纤束组架构图。
图4是本申请一实施例的具有光纤结构的导光板剖面图。
图5a是本申请一实施例的另一光纤束组架构图。
图5b是本申请一实施例的光纤出光段混合排列架构图。
图6为本申请一实施例光纤束组的示意图。
本发明的实施方式
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图式，用以例示本申请可用以实施的特定实施例。本申请所提到的方向用语，例如「上」、「下」、「前」、「后」、「左」、「右」、「内」、「外」、「侧面」等，仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此，使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本申请，而非用以限制本申请。附图和说明被认为在本质上是示出性的，而不是限制性的。在图中，结构相似的单元是以相同标号表示。另外，为了理解和便于描述，附图中示出的每个组件的尺寸和厚度是任意示出的，但是本申请不限于此。
在附图中，为了清晰起见，夸大了层、膜、面板、区域等的厚度。在附图中，为了理解和便于描述，夸大了一些层和区域的厚度。将理解的是，例如当层、膜、区域或基底的组件被称作“在”另一组件“上”时，所述组件可以直接在所述另一组件上，或者也可以存在中间组件。
另外，在说明书中，除非明确地描述为相反的，否则词语“包括”将被理解为意指包括所述组件，但是不排除任何其它组件。此外，在说明书中，“在......上”意指位于目标组件上方或者下方，而不意指必须位于基于重力方向的顶部上。
为更进一步阐述本申请为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效，以下结合附图及较佳实施例，对依据本申请提出的一种背光模块及显示设备，其具体实施方式、结构、特征及其功效，详细说明如后。
本申请的显示设备包含一液晶显示面板以及一背光模块，两者相对设置。液晶显示面板主要包含一彩色滤光基板、一薄膜晶体管基板以及一夹设于两基板之间的液晶层，彩色滤光基板及薄膜晶体管基板与液晶层可形成多个阵列配置的画素单元。背光模块可发出光线穿过液晶显示面板，并经由液晶显示面板各画素单元显示色彩而形成一影像。
在一实施例中，本申请的液晶显示面板可为曲面型显示面板，且本申请的显示设备亦可为曲面型显示装置。
目前液晶显示设备的制造业者在提升垂直配向(Vertical Alignment，VA)型液晶显示面板的广视角技术上，已跨入利用光配向(Photo-alignment)技术来控制液晶分子的配向方向，藉此提高液晶显示面板的光学性能与良率。光配向技术会在面板的各画素单元内形成多领域(Multi-domain)的配向，使得一个画素单元内的液晶分子会倾倒于例如四个不同方向。其中，光配向技术为使用一紫外光源(例如偏极化光)照射在彩色滤光基板或薄膜晶体管基板的一高分子薄膜(配向层)上，使薄膜表面上的高分子结构发生不均匀性的光聚合、异构化或裂解反应，诱使薄膜表面上的化学键结构产生特殊的方向性，以进一步诱导液晶分子顺向排列而达到光配向的目的。
按照液晶的取向方式不同，液晶显示面板可以分为以下几种类型：垂直配向(Vertical Alignment，VA)型、扭曲向列(Twisted Nematic，TN)或超扭曲向列(Super Twisted Nematic，STN)型、平面转换(In-Plane Switching，IPS)型及边缘场开关(Fringe Field Switching，FFS)型。所述垂直配向型(Vertical Alignment，VA)模式的液晶显示，例如图形垂直配向型(Patterned Vertical Alignment，PVA)液晶显示器或多区域垂直配向型(Multi-domain Vertical Alignment，MVA)液晶显示设备，其中PVA型利用边缘场效应与补偿板达到广视角的效果。MVA型将一个画素分成多个区域，并使用突起物(Protrusion)或特定图案结构，使位于不同区域的液晶分子朝向不同方向倾倒，以达到广视角且提升穿透率的作用。在IPS模式或FFS模式中，通过施加含有基本平行于基板的分量的电场，使液晶分子在平行于基板平面的方向相应而驱动液晶分子。IPS型液晶显示面板和FFS型液晶显示面板，二者具有广视角的优点。
背光模块(Backlight Module，BLM)为薄膜晶体管液晶显示器(TFT-LCD)的重要零组件之一。由于薄膜晶体管液晶显示器为非自发光的显示器，必须透过发光源投射光线，并穿过薄膜晶体管液晶显示器中的导光结构、扩散片、棱镜片、液晶面板等相关零组件，最后进入人的眼睛成像，以达到显示功能。
背光模块依发光源的位置分成侧光式(Edge Type)和直下式(Direct Type)两种结构，其中侧光式结构是将发光源设置于导光结构侧边。然而，导光结构的出光面在靠近发光源处容易产生漏光的情形。
图1为范例性侧入式背光模块设计示意图。请参照图1，薄膜晶体管液晶显示器除了玻璃基板之外，还需要搭配背光才能有效显示，而传统采用侧入式背光需要将发光二极管芯片122贴在导光板100侧边，由于发光二极管芯片122尺寸大且又需将发光二极管灯条集成电路板，此设计不利于柔性使用。
图2a为范例性导光板100示意图、图2b为另一范例性导光板100示意图、图2c为范例性导光板100的BB剖面示意图、图2d为范例性导光板100的AA剖面示意图及图2e为另一范例性导 光板100的A’A’剖面示意图。请参照图2a、图2b、图2c、图2d及图2e，范例性技术提出使用光纤230来取代发光二极管芯片122，并利用一光收集装置220，来收集由所述光纤束230发出的光线。
图3a为本申请一实施例的光纤结构剖面图、图3b为本申请一实施例的光纤束360剖面图及图3c为本申请一实施例的光纤束360组架构图。请参照图3a、图3b及图3c，在本申请的一实施例中，采用光纤导入光源进入导光板100入光侧，不同的是，本申请是利用光纤侧面出光而非固有的端面出光，光纤透过内外两层不同折射率设计，将光在导光段340设计为全反射，内外材质的折射率不同且光纤内部折射率大于外部的折射率，满足全反射条件，使光进行高效率传递，当到达需要出光区段350时，光纤外部材质折射率改变，使光纤不再维持全反射，而有光透出并进入导光板100入光侧。依据折射率原理n1sinθ1＝n2sinθ2，利用光纤出光段350外层的改变，使材质330折射率大于材质310折射率。
请参照图3a及图3c，在本申请的一实施例中，所述光纤束360结构包括光纤束导光段340及光纤束出光段350。所述光纤束导光段340更包括光纤内层材质310及光纤外层材质320，所述光纤内层材质310折射率大于所述光纤外层材质320折射率。所述光纤束出光段350更包括光纤内层材质310及光纤外层材质330，所述光纤外层材质330折射率大于所述光纤内层材质310折射率。其中所述出光段350长度或所述导光段340长度的比例小于1。
请继续参照图3a及图3c，发光源发出的光线进入光纤束360结构后，将触碰各层之间的交界面而产生相异的结果。以光线在光纤束导光段340中的光纤里层材质310为例，当光线接触所述光纤外层材质320和所述光纤里层材质310之间的交界面时，由于所述光纤里层材质310折射率大于所述光纤外层材质320折射率，因此在所述光纤里层材质310的光线可顺利地反射进入所述光纤里层材质310中，比较不易产生折射而到所述光纤外层材质320中。同样的，以光线在光纤束出光段350中的光纤里层材质310为例，当光线接触所述光纤外层材质330和所述光纤里层材质310之间的交界面时，由于所述光纤外层材质330折射率大于所述光纤里层材质310折射率，因此所述光纤里层材质310中的光线可顺利地折射进入所述光纤外层材质330中，比较不易产生反射而回到所述光纤里层材质310中。
图4为本申请一实施例的具有光纤360结构的导光板100剖面图。请参照图4，在本申请一实施例中，所述导光板100更包括一光纤束360及一光收集反射罩370。所述光纤束360，设置在所述导光板100的入光侧210边缘，并分为导光段340及出光段350。所述光收集反射罩370，用以反射所述光纤束360发出的光线进入导光板100入光侧210。
图5a为本申请一实施例的另一光纤束组500架构图及图5b为本申请一实施例的光纤出光段混 合排列510架构图。请参照图5a及图5b，通过所述光纤束360分段，均匀布满在导光板100入光侧210边缘，且利用光纤传导光源，所述光纤束361，362透过混合搭配呈现多股混合，加大入光侧210光点大小，提高光均匀性。
在本申请的一实施例中，所述光源用以提供一光线给所述光纤束，所述光源可为为环境光线、冷阴极荧光灯管(Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp，CCFL)、热阴极荧光灯(Hot Cathode Fluorescent Lamp，HCFL)、发光二极管(Light-Emitting Diode，LED)、有机发光二极管(Organic Light Emitting Diode，OLED)、平面荧光灯(Flat Fluorescent Lamp，FFL)、电激发光组件(Electro-Luminescence；EL)、发光灯条(Light Bar)、无极灯或上述的任意组合。
请参照图4，在本申请的一实施例中，所述导光板100的形状为一长方体形状或正方体形状。请参照图3a、图3c、图4、图5a及图5b，在本申请的一实施例中，一种显示设备，包括：一液晶显示面板，用于显示影像，以及一背光模块：包括：一导光板100、一光纤束360及一光收集反射罩370。所述光纤束360，设置在所述导光板100的入光侧210边缘，并分为导光段340及出光段350。所述光收集反射罩370，用以反射所述光纤束360发出的光线进入导光板100入光侧210。且通过所述光纤束360分段，均匀布满在导光板100入光侧210边缘，并利用光纤传导光源，所述光纤束361，362透过混合搭配呈现多股混合，加大入光侧210光点大小，提高光均匀性。所述光纤束360结构包括光纤束导光段340及光纤束出光段350。所述光纤束导光段340更包括光纤内层材质310及光纤外层材质320，所述光纤内层材质310折射率大于所述光纤外层材质320折射率。所述光纤束出光段350更包括光纤内层材质310及光纤外层材质330，所述光纤外层材质330折射率大于所述光纤内层材质310折射率。当发光源发出的光线进入光纤束360结构后，将触碰各层之间的交界面而产生相异的结果。以光线在光纤束导光段340中的光纤里层材质310为例，当光线接触所述光纤外层材质320和所述光纤里层材质310之间的交界面时，由于所述光纤里层材质310折射率大于所述光纤外层材质320折射率，因此在所述光纤里层材质310的光线可顺利地反射进入所述光纤里层材质310中，比较不易产生折射而到所述光纤外层材质320中。同样的，以光线在光纤束出光段350中的光纤里层材质310为例，当光线接触所述光纤外层材质330和所述光纤里层材质310之间的交界面时，由于所述光纤外层材质330折射率大于所述光纤里层材质310折射率，因此所述光纤里层材质310中的光线可顺利地折射进入所述光纤外层材质330中，比较不易产生反射而回到所述光纤里层材质310中。其中所述出光段350长度或所述导光段340长度的比例小于1。
图6为本申请一实施例光纤束组的示意图。在一些实施例中，每条光纤束包括导光段440及出光段450。如图6所示，这些出光段450的位置可交错重叠，使得这些出光段450的出光分布可均匀，避免这些出光段450的出光集中于导光板100入光侧210的部分位置。再者，每条光纤束可包 括一个以上的出光段450，使得这些出光段450的出光分布可更均匀。
本申请还提供一显示设备，包括：显示面板(未显示)；以及背光模块。显示面板例如为LCD面板，其设置于所述背光模块上。
在本申请的实施例中，可利用光纤取代发光二极管灯条，能实现柔性背光设计，并利用光纤传导光源，取消发光二极管灯条结构，发挥光纤轻、薄、柔软的特性，使背光的集光系统结构更加简洁，光纤入光方式由端面变更为侧面，可以实现光纤平贴在导光板上的应用，使得背光系统空间利用更简洁。
在不同的实施例中，导光板100可利用射出成型(Injection Molding)的方式来制成，其材料例如为光硬化型树脂、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)或聚碳酸酯(PC)，用以导引光源的光线至液晶显示面板。导光板可具有出光面、光反射面及侧入光面。出光面形成于导光板的一侧，并面对液晶显示面板，出光面可具有雾面处理或散射点设计，以便均匀化导光板的出光，减少出光不均(Mura)的现象。在另一实施例中，出光面更可设有若干个突出结构(未绘示)，以便进一步修正光线的方向，来增加聚光效果，并提高正面辉度。其中此些突出结构可例如为：棱形或半圆形的凸起或凹陷结构等。光反射面是形成导光板相对出光面的另一侧，用以反射光线至出光面。在本实施例中，导光板的光反射面可平行于出光面。光反射面可设有导光结构(未绘示)，以反射导引光线由出光面射出。光反射面的导光结构例如是呈连续性的V形结构，亦即V-Cut结构、雾面结构、散射点结构，以便导引光源的光线充分的由出光面射出。侧入光面形成于导光板的一侧或相对两侧，其对应于光源，用以允许光源所发出的光线可进入导光板内。且此侧入光面可具有例如V形结构(V-Cut)、S形波浪结构或表面粗糙化处理(未绘示)，以此提升光线的入射效率和光耦合效率。
在不同的实施例中，本申请的背光模组的光反射面可由高反射率材料所形成，例如银、铝、金、铬、铜、铟、铱、镍、铂、铼、铑、锡、钽、钨、锰、上述任意组合的合金、耐黄化且耐热的白色反射漆料或上述材料的任意组合，以反射光线。
在不同的实施例中，本申请的背光模组还可包括光学膜片，例如为：扩散片、棱镜片、逆棱镜片(Turning Prism Sheet)、增亮膜(Brightness Enhancement Film，BEF)、反射式增亮膜(Dual Brightness Enhancement Film，DBEF)、非多层膜式反射偏光片(Diffused Reflective Polarizer Film，DRPF)或上述的任意组合，其设置于导光板上，用以改善由导光板出光的光学效果。
“在一些实施例中”及“在各种实施例中”等用语被重复地使用。所述用语通常不是指相同的实施例；但它亦可以是指相同的实施例。“包含”、“具有”及“包括”等用词是同义词，除非其前后文意显示出其它意思。
以上所述，仅是本申请的较佳实施例而已，并非对本申请作任何形式上的限制，虽然本申请已 以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本申请，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本申请技术方案范围内，当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本申请技术方案的内容，依据本申请的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本申请技术方案的范围内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种背光模块，包括：
    一导光板，具有一入光侧；以及
    多条光纤束，设置在所述导光板的入光侧边缘，其中每一所述多条光纤束分为导光段及出光段，所述多条光纤束的多个出光段是排列于所述导光板的入光侧上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的背光模块，其中所述多条光纤束的多个出光段的位置是相互交错重叠。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的背光模块，其中每条所述光纤束包括一个以上的所述出光段。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的背光模块，其中所述光纤束的导光段包括一光纤内层材质及一第一光纤外层材质，所述光纤内层材质折射率大于所述第一光纤外层材质折射率。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的背光模块，其中所述光纤束的出光段包括一光纤内层材质及一第二光纤外层材质，所述第二光纤外层材质折射率大于所述光纤内层材质折射率。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的背光模块，其中所述多条光纤束透过混合搭配呈现多股混合，加大所述光纤束的出光段光点大小。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的背光模块，还包括：一光源，用以提供一光线给所述光纤束。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的背光模块，其中所述出光段长度或导光段长度的比例小于1。
  9. 一种背光模块，包括：
    一导光板，具有一入光侧；
    多条光纤束，设置在所述导光板的入光侧边缘，其中每一所述多条光纤束分为导光段及至少二个出光段，所述多条光纤束的多个出光段是排列于所述导光板的入光侧上；以及
    一光收集反射罩，用以反射所述光纤束发出的光线进入导光板的入光侧；
    其中，所述多条光纤束的多个出光段的位置是相互交错重叠，所述多条光纤束透过混合搭配呈现多股混合，加大所述光纤束的出光段光点大小，所述出光段长度及导光段长度之间的比例小于1。
  10. 一种显示设备，包括：
    显示面板；以及
    背光模块，包括：
    一导光板，具有一入光侧；以及
    多条光纤束，设置在所述导光板的入光侧边缘，其中每一所述多条光纤束分为导光段及出光段，所述多条光纤束的多个出光段是排列于所述导光板的入光侧上。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的显示设备，其中所述多条光纤束的多个出光段的位置是相互交错重叠。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的显示设备，其中每条所述光纤束包括一个以上的所述出光段。
  13. 如权利要求10所述的显示设备，其中所述光纤束的导光段包括一光纤内层材质及一第一光纤外层材质，所述光纤内层材质折射率大于所述第一光纤外层材质折射率。
  14. 如权利要求10所述的显示设备，其中所述光纤束的出光段包括一光纤内层材质及一第二光纤外层材质，所述第二光纤外层材质折射率大于所述光纤内层材质折射率。
  15. 如权利要求10所述的显示设备，其中所述多条光纤束透过混合搭配呈现多股混合，加大所述光纤束的出光段光点大小。
  16. 如权利要求10所述的显示设备，所述背光模块还包括：一光源，用以提供一光线给所述光纤束。
  17. 如权利要求10所述的显示设备，其中所述出光段长度或导光段长度的比例小于1。
PCT/CN2017/080553 2016-12-27 2017-04-14 背光模块及显示设备 WO2018120508A1 (zh)

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