WO2023216455A1 - 一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元及天线阵列 - Google Patents

一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元及天线阵列 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023216455A1
WO2023216455A1 PCT/CN2022/114086 CN2022114086W WO2023216455A1 WO 2023216455 A1 WO2023216455 A1 WO 2023216455A1 CN 2022114086 W CN2022114086 W CN 2022114086W WO 2023216455 A1 WO2023216455 A1 WO 2023216455A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arm
balun
low
frequency
arms
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PCT/CN2022/114086
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李澍
孙健
谢献玉
张隆
华彦平
王惠兵
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江苏亨鑫科技有限公司
江苏亨鑫无线技术有限公司
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Priority to AU2022368368A priority Critical patent/AU2022368368A1/en
Priority to DE112022000172.0T priority patent/DE112022000172T5/de
Publication of WO2023216455A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023216455A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/42—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more imbricated arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/006—Selective devices having photonic band gap materials or materials of which the material properties are frequency dependent, e.g. perforated substrates, high-impedance surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/48—Combinations of two or more dipole type antennas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication antennas, specifically a low-frequency filter unit and an antenna array with high pattern consistency.
  • the current filter units in this field mainly adopt technical solutions such as filter branches and filter structures based on LC filter circuits.
  • the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN113437508A discloses a wide-band filter oscillator and antenna system, which optimizes the wide-band spatial filtering performance of the wide-band filter oscillator by adjusting the combination form and structural size parameters of the filter branches, and can effectively achieve multi-frequency small size.
  • Broadband spatial decoupling between high and low-frequency radiating units in dense array base station antennas allows low-frequency oscillators to have little impact on high-frequency patterns, thereby improving the miniaturization and multi-frequency characteristics of the antenna system.
  • the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN113131198A discloses a low-interference broadband filter oscillator and antenna array.
  • the oscillator uses a lumped LC circuit and a distributed LC circuit together to enable a multi-frequency multi-array combined antenna array.
  • its special multiple filter structure can directly cover the top of the high-frequency array, thereby effectively reducing the size of the antenna and improving the performance of the open-line interleaved array.
  • the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN112821067A discloses a low-frequency vibrator unit and antenna. The vibrator arm of the radiation plate of the low-frequency vibrator unit is divided into multiple wide line segments.
  • Each two adjacent broad line segments in the same vibrator arm are They are connected by a bending line respectively.
  • the gap between the bending line and the wide line end can form a circuit equivalent to a low-pass filter.
  • the resonant circuit can effectively reduce the impact of the low-frequency oscillator on the radiation performance of the mid- and high-frequency radiating units; in addition, the balanced wire set in the oscillator arm can effectively improve the pattern deflection problem of the low-frequency oscillator itself and help reduce the return Wave loss; at the same time, introducing two parallel open lines on the balanced conductor can prevent the flow of intermediate frequency current in the balanced conductor and effectively reduce the impact of the balanced conductor on the intermediate frequency pattern.
  • the present invention provides a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency to solve the problem of pattern distortion caused by coupling to the high-frequency array when the low-frequency unit is arranged in the middle of the high-frequency array; at the same time, it can
  • the present invention solves the problems of high cost, large processing error and unsatisfactory filtering effect existing in the process of using filtering branches and filtering structures based on LC filter circuits.
  • the present invention also provides a corresponding antenna array.
  • a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency which includes an oscillator arm, a balun base, a balun feeder and a balun cavity for setting the balun feeder, characterized in that: the oscillator arm includes two radiating arms , the two radiating arms are a transverse radiating arm extending horizontally and a longitudinal radiating arm extending horizontally longitudinally. One end of the transverse radiating arm is vertically connected to one end of the longitudinal radiating arm to form an integrated right-angled L-shaped structure.
  • the transverse radiating arm A balun cavity is provided at the connection between the arm and the longitudinal radiating arm.
  • the transverse radiating arm and the longitudinal radiating arm are both provided with trap structures, and the trap structures on the transverse radiating arm and the longitudinal axial arm are in a right-angled L shape.
  • the 45° angle bisector of the structure is arranged axially symmetrically with the center line; there are four vibrator arms, which are symmetrically arranged in pairs along the diagonal around the outer periphery of the balun base and form an integral cross.
  • the vibrator arm, balun cavity, balun feeder, and balun base are all made of metal conductors.
  • the oscillator arm with a right-angle L-shaped structure formed by the vertical connection of the two radiating arms has an L-shaped inner side and an L-shaped outer side
  • the trap structure includes a hollow formed on the radiating arm. hole and a cutout slit, one end of the cutout slit runs through the hollow hole, and the other end extends from the hollow hole to the L-shaped inner side or the L-shaped outer side of the radiating arm.
  • the vibrator arm is a plate-shaped metal conductor, and the two radiating arms of the vibrator arm have downward flanges at both ends in the width direction.
  • the length and width of the two radiating arms constituting the vibrator arm are equal.
  • each vibrator arm is integrally formed using a die-casting process.
  • An antenna array which includes a reflecting plate.
  • a number of high-frequency units and the above-mentioned low-frequency filtering units with high pattern consistency are provided on the reflecting plate.
  • the low-frequency filtering units with high pattern consistency are interspersed among the several high-frequency filtering units. between frequency units, and the position of the vibrator arm of the low-frequency filter unit is higher than that of the high-frequency unit.
  • the beneficial effect of the low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency of the present invention is that its vibrator arms made of four metal conductors form a cross-orthogonal shape along the outer periphery of the balun base, and the four vibrator arms are aligned in pairs.
  • the oscillator arm is arranged angularly symmetrically, and each oscillator arm is composed of two radiating arms connected vertically at the end to form a right-angled L-shaped structure, and a notch structure is set on the oscillator arm.
  • the oscillator structure of the low-frequency filter oscillator is reconstructed through the notch structure.
  • Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a partially decomposed schematic diagram of a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic top view of a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the vibrator arm in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the vibrator arm in the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic layout diagram of the antenna array of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the coupling current of the notch structure of a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency of the present invention in an array arrangement
  • Figure 8 is the radiation pattern of the low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a graph showing the gain and wave width changing with frequency of the low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the change of high-frequency half-power beamwidth with frequency when the conventional low-frequency unit and the low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency of the present invention are arranged in high- and low-frequency arrays respectively.
  • a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency includes a vibrator arm, a balun base 300, a balun feeder, and a balun cavity 200 for setting the balun feeder;
  • the vibrator arm includes two The two radiating arms are a transverse radiating arm 120 extending horizontally and a longitudinal radiating arm 110 extending horizontally longitudinally. One end of the transverse radiating arm 120 is vertically connected to one end of the longitudinal radiating arm 110 to form an integrated right-angled L-shaped structure.
  • the connection 140 of the transverse radiating arm 120 and the longitudinal radiating arm 110 is provided with a balun cavity 200
  • the transverse radiating arm 120 and the longitudinal radiating arm 110 are both provided with a trap structure 130
  • the trap structures on 110 are arranged axially symmetrically with the 45° bisector of the right-angled L-shaped structure as the center line. Therefore, the number of trap structures on the transverse radiating arm 120 is equal to the number of trap structures on the longitudinal radiating arm 110.
  • the shape and size are the same; there are four vibrator arms, namely the first vibrator arm 100a, the second vibrator arm 100b, the third vibrator arm 100c and the fourth vibrator arm 100d.
  • the four vibrator arms are symmetrical along the diagonal.
  • the ground is arranged around the outer periphery of the balun base 300 and forms an overall cross-orthogonal structure.
  • the first vibrator arm 100a and the third vibrator arm 100c are symmetrical along the diagonal
  • the second vibrator arm 100b and the fourth vibrator arm are symmetrical.
  • the vibrator arm 100d is symmetrical along the diagonal line
  • the four vibrator arms, the balun cavity tube 200, the balun feeder line, and the balun base 300 are all made of metal conductors.
  • the low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency of the present invention can set the balun feeder according to the actual feeding mode.
  • This embodiment adopts the balun direct feeding mode, as shown in Figure 2, which is connected to the first vibrator arm 100a.
  • a balun feeder 210a is provided in the balun cavity, and a balun feeder 210b is provided in the balun cavity connected to the second oscillator arm 100b; the balun feeder 210a excites the first oscillator arm 100a and the third oscillator arm 100c.
  • the low-frequency vibrator forms a +45° polarization; the balun feeder 210b excites the low-frequency vibrator composed of the second vibrator arm 100b and the fourth vibrator arm 100d, forming a -45° polarization. If the coupling feeding method is adopted, balun feeders are respectively installed in the balun cavities of the four vibrator arms.
  • the trap structure 130 includes The hollow hole 132 and the cutout slit 131 on the arm, one end of the cutout slit 131 passes through the hollow hole 132, and the other end extends from the hollow hole 132 to the L-shaped inner side 160 of the radiating arm or extends to the L-shaped outer side of the radiating arm.
  • the slit 131 extends from the hollow hole 132 to the L-shaped inner side 160 of the radiating arm.
  • the shape of the hollow hole 132 can be a regular or irregular polygon, such as square, rectangle, diamond, Pentagon, hexagon, etc., the hollow hole 132 can also be circular or elliptical; the number of trap structures on each radiating arm of the oscillator arm can be one or more, in this embodiment there are two radiating arms.
  • the wave structure 130d, the trap structure 130b and the trap structure 130c are respectively axially symmetrical with the 45° angle bisector of the transverse radiating arm 120 and the longitudinal radiating arm 110 as the center line; as shown in Figure 4, the wave limiting structure 130 in this embodiment
  • the hollow hole 132 is elliptical;
  • FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the trap structure 130, and the hollow hole 132 is rectangular.
  • the vibrator arms are all plate-shaped metal conductors, and the two radiating arms of the vibrating arm, namely the transverse radiating arm 120 and the longitudinal radiating arm 110, have downward folding edges 150 at both ends in the respective width directions;
  • the arrangement of the side 150 can effectively strengthen the structural strength of the vibrator arm.
  • the length and width of the two radiating arms constituting the oscillator arm 100 are equal; and there are gaps between two adjacent oscillator arms and between the balun cavities.
  • An antenna array includes a reflection plate 500.
  • a number of high-frequency units 400 and low-frequency filter units with high pattern consistency are provided on the reflection plate 500.
  • the low-frequency filter units with high pattern consistency are interspersed with several high-frequency filter units. between the frequency units 400, and the position of the vibrator arm of the low-frequency filter unit is higher than that of the high-frequency unit 400; in this environment, the size of the trap structure 130 on the vibrator arm is affected by the selection of the high-frequency unit 400, the distance from the low-frequency unit Influenced by factors such as location relationship and operating frequency.
  • Figure 7 shows a diagram of the coupling current of the trap structure 130 in the above environment; in the antenna array formed together with the high-frequency unit 400, the electric field formed by the excitation of the high-frequency unit 400 proceeds upward and is coupled through the low-frequency oscillator.
  • the current is 600, causing its pattern to deform.
  • a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency of the present invention is in the direction of the electric field of the high-frequency unit 400. Since the strong coupling current 600 generated by the metal gap 131 forms a loop through the edge of the metal hollow 312, the coupling current 600 has the same intensity but the opposite direction. thus canceling each other out.
  • a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency of the present invention was designed and verified through CST;
  • Figure 8 shows the radiation pattern from 690 MHz to 960 MHz simulated by CST of a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency of the present invention.
  • the results show that the direction pattern has a high degree of consistency.
  • the gain 710 of a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency of the present invention is 7.93dBi ⁇ 0.08dBi.
  • the half-power beamwidth 720 is 75.4° ⁇ 1.1°, and has a highly consistent radiation pattern over a wide frequency band (690MHz-960MHz). It has significantly improved problems such as inconsistent signal coverage caused by different frequencies.
  • the high-frequency unit when the existing low-frequency unit without notch structure and the low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency of the present invention are respectively arranged in the middle of the high-frequency unit 400 array, the high-frequency unit The horizontal half-power beamwidth of the 400 array changes with frequency as shown in Figure 8.
  • the low-frequency unit is an existing unit without a notch structure, it can be seen from the high-frequency half-power beamwidth versus frequency curve 810 that its beam is deformed due to high-low frequency coupling, resulting in a high-frequency horizontal half-power beamwidth starting from 2100MHz. significant changes occurred.
  • a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency of the present invention when a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency of the present invention is used, it can be seen from the high-frequency half-wave beam width versus frequency curve 820 that the sudden change in wave width caused by high-low frequency coupling is improved.
  • Adopting the technology involved in a low-frequency filter unit with high pattern consistency of the present invention can effectively improve the pattern consistency of the low-frequency unit itself, and effectively improve the impact of the low-frequency unit on the high-frequency beam during the high- and low-frequency array process, and Because its structure is easy to implement and can be molded by die-casting, it is less expensive than design solutions such as branch filtering and LC filtering circuits, so it can be widely used in the field of mobile communication antennas.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，其自身方向图具有高度一致性，能解决低频单元排布在高频阵列中间时对高频阵列造成耦合导致的方向图畸变问题以及现有滤波结构应用中存在的成本高、加工误差大、滤波效果不理想的问题。其包括振子臂、巴伦底座、巴伦馈线和用于设置巴伦馈线的巴伦腔管，振子臂包括两个辐射臂，两个辐射臂的一端相互垂直连接形成一体的直角L形结构，两个辐射臂的连接处设有巴伦腔管，且两个辐射臂上以直角L形结构的45°角平分线为中心线轴向对称设置陷波结构；振子臂设有四个，四个振子臂沿对角线两两对称地围设于巴伦底座外周并形成整体的十字正交形结构，振子臂、巴伦腔管、巴伦馈线、巴伦底座均由金属导体制成。

Description

一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元及天线阵列 技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信天线技术领域，具体为一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元及天线阵列。
背景技术
随着通信技术的快速发展，通信基站天线不断在往小型化、集成化、多频多端口的方向发展。在此过程中，由于天线布局紧密、天线单元及端口数量的大幅增加、以及高低频穿插组阵等因素的影响，导致天线之间的耦合现象严重，并最终使得方向图严重变形、端口间隔离度恶化以致于严重影响基站天线的性能。
为了解决上述技术问题，目前本领域中的滤波单元主要采取滤波枝节和基于LC滤波电路的滤波结构等技术方案。如公开号为CN113437508A的中国发明专利申请公开了一种宽频滤波振子及天线系统，其通过调整滤波枝节的组合形式和结构尺寸参数来优化宽频滤波振子的宽频空间滤波性能，能够有效实现多频小型化密集阵列基站天线中高低频辐射单元之间的宽频空间解耦，使低频振子可能小的影响高频方向图，以提高天线系统的小型化和多频化特性。又如公开号为CN113131198A的中国发明专利申请公开一种低干扰宽频滤波振子以及天线阵列，其振子通过集总式LC电路与分布式LC电路共同使用的方法，使多频多阵列组合天线阵列能够避免与邻近阵列间的干扰，其特殊的多重滤波结构能够直接覆盖于高频阵列的上方，从而有效缩小天线尺寸，提高开线交织阵列的性能。再如公开号为CN112821067A的中国发明专利申请公开了一种低频振子单元和天线，其低频振子单元的辐射片的振子臂分成多个宽线段，同一振子臂中每相邻两个所述宽线段之间分别通过一个弯折线路连接，通过调节弯折线路长度能有效抑制中高频电流在振子臂上的流动，而弯折线路和宽线端之间的缝隙可构成相当于低通滤波器的谐振电路，从而能够有效降低低频振子对中高频辐射单元的辐射性能的影响；另外其在振子臂中设置的平衡导线，能有效地改善低频振子本身方向图偏斜问题，且有助于降低回波损耗；同时，在平衡导线上引入两条并联的开路线，能够阻止中频电流在平衡导线中的流通，有效降低平衡导线对中频方向图的影响。
然而上述技术方案由于采用的滤波枝节或电感等效带线宽度有限、且振臂端多具有耦合结构，故都只能采用印刷电路板的方式，这又导致其成本高昂，同时现有方案的滤波性能容易受加工误差影响，且其滤波带宽范围也仅在1.7GHz～2.2GHz之间，因此上述现有的技术方案尚不能很好地满足当前基站天线的性能要求。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明提供了一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，用以解决低频单元排布在高频阵列中间时、对高频阵列造成耦合导致的方向图畸变问题；同时其能解决现有采用滤波枝节和基于LC滤波电路的滤波结构过程中存在的成本高、加工误差大、滤波效果不理想的问题；为此，本发明还提供了相应的天线阵列。
一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，其包括振子臂、巴伦底座、巴伦馈线和用于设置巴伦馈线的巴伦腔管，其特征在于：所述振子臂包括两个辐射臂，两个辐射臂分别为沿水平横向延伸的横向辐射臂和沿水平纵向延伸的纵向辐射臂，所述横向辐射臂一端与纵向辐射臂一端垂直连接形成一体的直角L形结构，所述横向辐射臂与纵向辐射臂的连接处设有巴伦腔管，所述横向辐射臂、纵向辐射臂上均设有陷波结构，且横向辐射臂与纵向轴向臂上的陷波结构以直角L形结构的45°角平分线为中心线轴向对称设置；所述振子臂设有四个，所述四个振子臂沿对角线两两对称地围设于巴伦底座外周并形成整体的十字正交形结构，所述振子臂、巴伦腔管、巴伦馈线、巴伦底座均由金属导体制成。
进一步的，由所述两个辐射臂垂直连接形成的呈直角L形结构的振子臂具有L形内侧边和L形外侧边，所述陷波结构包括形成于所述辐射臂上的镂空孔和切口缝隙，所述切口缝隙的一端与镂空孔贯通、另一端从镂空孔延伸至该辐射臂的L形内侧边或L形外侧边。
进一步的，所述振子臂为板状金属导体，所述振子臂的两个辐射臂在宽度方向的两端具有向下的折边。
进一步的，构成所述振子臂的两个辐射臂的长、宽相等。
进一步的，相邻两个振子臂之间、巴伦腔管之间分别具有间隙。
进一步的，所述四个振子臂、巴伦底座及各巴伦腔管采用压铸工艺一体成形。
一种天线阵列，其包括反射板，所述反射板上设置有若干高频单元和上述方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，所述方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元穿插于所述若干高频单元之间，且低频滤波单元的振子臂位置高于所述高频单元。
本发明的一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元的有益效果在于：其由四个金属导体制成的振子臂沿巴伦底座的外周形成十字正交形且四个振子臂两两沿对角线对称设置，而每个振子臂均由两个辐射臂在端部垂直连接形成直角L形结构，并且在振子臂上设置陷波结构，通过陷波结构将低频滤波振子的振子结构重构，使低频滤波振子耦合电流在陷波位置形成环形流向，其感应电流在陷波结构对称位置强度相同流向相反、相互抵消，进而能有效消除高低频之间的耦合对高频振子的影响，从而使得方向图具有高一致性；同时其也有效规避了现有因采用印刷集成电路的方式而导致的成本高、以及因加工误差而影响滤波性能的问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元的立体示意图；
图2为本发明一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元的局部分解示意图；
图3为本发明一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元的俯视示意图；
图4为本发明中振子臂的放大示意图；
图5为本发明中振子臂的第二种实施例的放大示意图；
图6为本发明天线阵列的布置示意图；
图7阵列排布下本发明一种高方向图一致性的低频滤波单元的陷波结构耦合电流示意图；
图8为本发明高方向图一致性的低频滤波单元的辐射方向图；
图9为本发明高方向图一致性的低频滤波单元的增益及波宽随频率变化曲线图；
图10为常规低频单元及本发明高方向图一致性的低频滤波单元分别进行高低频阵列排布时，高频半功率波束宽度度随频率变化示意图。
附图标记：100a-第一振子臂，100b-第二振子臂，100c-第三振子臂，100d-第四振子臂，110-纵向辐射臂，120-横向辐射臂，130-陷波结构，131-切口缝隙，132-镂空孔，140-横向辐射臂和纵向辐射臂的连接处，150-折边，160-L形内侧边，170-L形外侧边，200-巴伦腔管，210a-巴伦馈线，210b-巴伦馈线，300-巴伦底座，400-高频单元，500-反射板，600-强耦合电流。
具体实施方式
见图1～图4，一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，其包括振子臂、巴伦底座300、巴伦馈线和用于设置巴伦馈线的巴伦腔管200；振子臂包括两个辐射臂，两个辐射臂分别为沿水平横向延伸的横向辐射臂120和沿水平纵向延伸的纵向辐射臂110，横向辐射臂120一端与纵向辐射臂110一端垂直连接形成一体的直角L形结构，横向辐射臂120与纵向辐射臂110的连接处140设有巴伦腔管200，横向辐射臂120、纵向辐射臂110上均设有陷波结构130，且横向辐射臂120与纵向轴向臂110上的陷波结构以直角L形结构的45°角平分线为中心线轴向对称设置，由此，横向辐射臂120上的陷波结构与纵向辐射臂110上的陷波结构数量相等、形状及尺寸相同；振子臂设有四个，分别为第一振子臂100a、第二振子臂100b、第三振子臂100c和第四振子臂100d，四个振子臂沿对角线两两对称地围设于巴伦底座300外周并形成整体的十字正交形结构，本实施例中，第一振子臂100a与第三振子臂100c沿对角线对称，第二振子臂100b与第四振子臂100d沿对角线对称，四个振子臂、巴伦腔管200、巴伦馈线、巴伦底座300均由金属导体制成。
本发明方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元可以根据实际采用的馈电方式来进行巴伦馈线的 设置，本实施例采用巴伦直馈方式，见图2，其在连接于第一振子臂100a的巴伦腔管内设置巴伦馈线210a，在连接于第二振子臂100b的巴伦腔管内设置巴伦馈线210b；巴伦馈线210a激励由第一振子臂100a、第三振子臂100c组成的低频振子，形成+45°极化；巴伦馈线210b激励由第二振子臂100b、第四振子臂100d组成的低频振子，形成-45°极化。若采用耦合馈电方式，则在四个振子臂的巴伦腔管内分别设置巴伦馈线。
由两个辐射臂即横向辐射臂120和纵向辐射臂110垂直连接形成的呈直角L形结构的振子臂具有L形内侧边160和L形外侧边170，陷波结构130包括形成于辐射臂上的镂空孔132和切口缝隙131，切口缝隙131的一端与镂空孔132贯通、另一端从镂空孔132延伸至该辐射臂的L形内侧边160或延伸至该辐射臂的L形外侧边170，本实施例中切口缝隙131从镂空孔132延伸至该辐射臂的L形内侧边160上，镂空孔132的形状可以是规则或不规则的多边形，如正方形、矩形、菱形、五边形、六边形等，镂空孔132亦可以是圆形或椭圆形；振子臂的每个辐射臂上的陷波结构的数量可以是一个或多个，本实施例中两个辐射臂上均设有两个陷波结构，其中横向辐射臂120的两个陷波结构分别130a、130b，纵向辐射臂110上的两个陷波结构分别为130c、130d，同时陷波结构130a与陷波结构130d、陷波结构130b与陷波结构130c分别以横向辐射臂120与纵向辐射臂110的45°角平分线为中心线轴向对称；为见图4，本实施例中限波结构130的镂空孔132呈椭圆形；图5显示的陷波结构130的另一种实施方式，其镂空孔132为矩形。
作为优选的技术方案，振子臂均为板状金属导体，振子臂的两个辐射臂、既横向辐射臂120、纵向辐射臂110在各自宽度方向的两端均具有向下的折边150；折边150的设置能够起到有效加强振子臂结构强度的作用。
作为进一步优选的技术方案，构成振子臂100的两个辐射臂的长、宽相等；且相邻两个振子臂之间、巴伦腔管之间分别具有间隙。
见图6，一种天线阵列，其包括反射板500，反射板500上设置有若干高频单元400和方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元穿插于若干高频单元400之间，且低频滤波单元的振子臂位置高于高频单元400；在此环境中，振子臂上的陷波结构130的尺寸大小受高频单元400的选型、距离低频单元的位置关系及工作频率等因素影响。
图7为在上述环境下，陷波结构130耦合电流示600意图；在与高频单元400共同组阵的天线阵列中，高频单元400激励形成的电场向上进行，经低频振子形成耦合产生耦合电流600，导致其方向图变形。本发明一种高方向图一致性的低频滤波单元在高频单元400电场进行方向，由于金属缝隙131产生的强耦合电流600经由金属镂空312边缘形成回路，其耦合 电流600强度相同，方向相反，因此相互抵消。
本发明一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元经由CST进行放着设计并验证；图8为本发明一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元经CST仿真，在690MHz至960MHz的辐射方向图，其结果显示，方向图具有高度的一致性。由本发明一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元波宽及增益随频率变化曲线图(图9)可知，本发明一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元增益710为7.93dBi±0.08dBi，半功率波束宽度720为75.4°±1.1°，在宽频带(690MHz-960MHz)的情况下具有高度一致的辐射方向图特点。对频率不同导致的信号覆盖范围不一致等问题有显著提升。
此外，在图6所示的组阵环境下，现有无陷波结构的低频单元和本发明一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元分别布局于高频单元400阵列中间时，高频单元400阵列的水平半功率波束宽度度随频率的变化如图8所示。当低频单元为现有无陷波结构的单元时，由高频半功率波束宽度度随频率变化曲线810可知，由于高低频耦合，其波束发生变形，导致高频水平半功率波束宽度度自2100MHz起发生明显变化。而采用本发明一种高方向图一致性的低频滤波单元时，由高频半波波束宽度随频率变化曲线820可以看出，由高低频耦合引起的波宽骤变得到改善。
采用本发明一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元所涉及的技术，可有效提升低频单元自身的方向图一致性，并有效改善高低频组阵过程中低频单元对高频波束的影响，且因其结构易于实现，可采用压铸一体成型，较之枝节滤波、LC滤波电路等设计方案成本更低，因此可广泛应用于移动通信天线领域。
以上对本发明的具体实施进行了详细说明，但内容仅为本发明创造的较佳实施方案，不能被认为用于限定本发明创造的实施范围。凡依本发明创造申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等，均应仍归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，其包括振子臂、巴伦底座、巴伦馈线和用于设置巴伦馈线的巴伦腔管，其特征在于：所述振子臂包括两个辐射臂，两个辐射臂分别为沿水平横向延伸的横向辐射臂和沿水平纵向延伸的纵向辐射臂，所述横向辐射臂一端与纵向辐射臂一端垂直连接形成一体的直角L形结构，所述横向辐射臂与纵向辐射臂的连接处设有巴伦腔管，所述横向辐射臂、纵向辐射臂上均设有陷波结构，且横向辐射臂与纵向轴向臂上的陷波结构以直角L形结构的45°角平分线为中心线轴向对称设置；所述振子臂设有四个，所述四个振子臂沿对角线两两对称地围设于巴伦底座外周并形成整体的十字正交形结构，所述振子臂、巴伦腔管、巴伦馈线、巴伦底座均由金属导体制成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，其特征在于：由所述两个辐射臂垂直连接形成的呈直角L形结构的振子臂具有L形内侧边和L形外侧边，所述陷波结构包括形成于所述辐射臂上的镂空孔和切口缝隙，所述切口缝隙的一端与镂空孔贯通、另一端从镂空孔延伸至该辐射臂的L形内侧边或L形外侧边。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，其特征在于：所述振子臂为板状金属导体，所述振子臂的两个辐射臂在宽度方向的两端具有向下的折边。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，其特征在于：构成所述振子臂的两个辐射臂的长、宽相等。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，其特征在于：相邻两个振子臂之间、巴伦腔管之间分别具有间隙。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，其特征在于：所述四个振子臂、巴伦底座及各巴伦腔管采用压铸工艺一体成形。
  7. 一种天线阵列，其特征在于：其包括反射板和权利要求1～6中任一所述的一种方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，所述反射板上设置有若干高频单元和上述方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元，所述方向图高一致性的低频滤波单元穿插于所述若干高频单元之间，且低频滤波单元的振子臂位置高于所述高频单元。
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