WO2023207334A1 - 一种柴油机冷却系统 - Google Patents

一种柴油机冷却系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023207334A1
WO2023207334A1 PCT/CN2023/079601 CN2023079601W WO2023207334A1 WO 2023207334 A1 WO2023207334 A1 WO 2023207334A1 CN 2023079601 W CN2023079601 W CN 2023079601W WO 2023207334 A1 WO2023207334 A1 WO 2023207334A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheel
diesel engine
gear train
belt
clutch mechanism
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/079601
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汪会斌
王盛禹
余磊
曾小微
柯雨
郁权
Original Assignee
安徽全柴动力股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 安徽全柴动力股份有限公司 filed Critical 安徽全柴动力股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023207334A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023207334A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
    • F01P5/04—Pump-driving arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
    • F01P5/04—Pump-driving arrangements
    • F01P5/043—Pump reversing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/02—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air
    • F01P7/026—Thermostatic control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/02—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air
    • F01P7/04—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by varying pump speed, e.g. by changing pump-drive gear ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/02—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air
    • F01P7/08—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by cutting in or out of pumps
    • F01P7/081—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by cutting in or out of pumps using clutches, e.g. electro-magnetic or induction clutches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of diesel engines, specifically a diesel engine cooling system.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a diesel engine cooling system to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.
  • a diesel engine cooling system including an inner gear train and an outer gear train.
  • the first outer wheel of the outer gear train is coaxially connected to the first inner wheel of the inner gear train.
  • the first outer wheel is used to drive the cooling fan of the diesel engine to rotate; it also includes a first clutch mechanism that drives the first outer wheel and the first inner wheel to clutch, the first clutch mechanism, the outer gear train and the
  • the inner gear train is configured to control the cooling fan to rotate forward or reverse.
  • the inner gear train also includes a driving wheel, a second inner wheel, a double-sided poly-V belt and a first tensioning wheel.
  • the driving wheel is arranged on the crankshaft of the diesel engine.
  • the inner side of the double-sided poly-V belt It is sleeved on the driving wheel and the first inner wheel, and the outer side of the double-sided poly-V belt is sleeved on the second inner wheel.
  • the first tensioning wheel is used to tighten the double-sided poly-V belt.
  • An inner wheel is used to drive the heat dissipation pump of the diesel engine;
  • the outer gear train also includes a second outer wheel and a transmission assembly, the second outer wheel is coaxially connected to the second inner wheel, and the transmission assembly is drivingly connected to the second outer wheel and the second inner wheel.
  • the first outer wheel also includes a second clutch mechanism that drives the second outer wheel and the second inner wheel to clutch; when only the first clutch mechanism is engaged, the first inner wheel drives the cooling fan to rotate toward the diesel engine through the first outer wheel.
  • the radiator of the water tank blows air; when only the second clutch mechanism is engaged, the outer gear train is driven by the second inner wheel to cause the cooling fan to reversely suck air to the water tank radiator of the diesel engine.
  • the transmission assembly includes a belt and a second tensioning wheel.
  • the belt is sleeved on the first outer wheel and the second outer wheel.
  • the second tensioning wheel is used to tension the belt.
  • the belt is a V-shaped single V-belt.
  • the first tensioning wheel is sleeved on the inside or outside of the double-sided poly-V belt.
  • it also includes a generator, which is driven by the inner gear train.
  • the rotating shaft of the second generator is coaxially fixedly connected to the first tensioning wheel, and the generator is movable relative to the first inner wheel so that the first tensioning wheel tightens the double-sided poly-ribbed belt.
  • the double-sided poly-ribbed belt includes an annular intermediate belt body, and a plurality of wedge ribs are provided in offset positions on the inner and outer sides of the intermediate belt body.
  • the first clutch mechanism is a first electromagnetic clutch.
  • the ECU module also includes an ECU module and a temperature sensor.
  • the temperature sensor is used to detect the water tank temperature of the diesel engine. When the water tank temperature received by the ECU module is less than the preset value, the ECU module controls the first clutch mechanism to engage and the second clutch mechanism to open. On; when the water tank temperature received by the ECU module is not less than the preset value, the ECU module controls the first clutch mechanism to disconnect and the second clutch mechanism to engage.
  • the invention provides a diesel engine cooling system in which the first outer wheel of the outer gear train of the first clutch mechanism and the first inner wheel of the inner gear train are clutched, so that the cooling fan is driven by the inner gear train or driven by the inner gear train respectively.
  • the outer gear train is driven to realize the forward or reverse rotation of the cooling fan.
  • the cooling fan rotates forward, it blows air to the water tank radiator of the diesel engine.
  • the cooling fan rotates reversely, it sucks air to the water tank radiator of the diesel engine, thereby sucking the attachments on the water tank radiator. Go and improve the heat exchange efficiency of the water tank.
  • Figures 1-2 are schematic structural diagrams provided by embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figures 4-5 are schematic structural diagrams of the first outer wheel provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a structural cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 5 provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figures 7-8 are schematic structural diagrams of a second outer wheel provided by yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving member provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS 10-11 are schematic structural diagrams of ECU modules provided by embodiments of the present invention.
  • Inner gear train 1.1, first inner wheel; 1.2, driving wheel; 1.3, second inner wheel; 1.4, double-sided poly-V belt; 1.5, first tensioning pulley; 2, outer gear train; 2.1, third An outer wheel; 2.11, rotating part; 2.12, pulley; 2.13, engaging structure; 2.131, first engaging part; 2.132, second engaging part; 2.2, second outer wheel; 2.21, rotating disc; 2.22, rotating gear Roller; 2.23, driving part; 2.231, first cone wheel; 2.232, second cone wheel; 2.233, hydraulic cylinder; 2.24, connecting rod; 2.25, elastic unit; 2.3, transmission component; 2.31, belt; 2.32, second picture Tightening wheel; 3. Cooling fan; 4. Heat dissipation pump; 5. First clutch mechanism; 5.1. Armature; 6. Second clutch mechanism; 7. Generator; 8. ECU module.
  • a diesel engine cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes an inner gear train 1 and an outer gear train 2.
  • the inner gear train 1 is configured to be able to control the cooling fan 3 to rotate forward or reverse.
  • the invention provides a diesel engine cooling system.
  • the inner gear train 1 is driven by forward rotation, and the outer gear train 2 is driven by reverse rotation.
  • the first clutch mechanism 5 makes the first inner gear When 1.1 is engaged with the first outer wheel 2.1, the cooling fan 3 rotates forward.
  • the first clutch mechanism 5 disengages the first inner wheel 1.1 from the first outer wheel 2.1, the cooling fan 3 rotates reversely.
  • the first outer wheel 2.1 of the outer gear train 2 of the first clutch mechanism 5 clutches the first inner wheel 1.1 of the inner gear train 1, so that the cooling fan 3 is driven by the inner gear train 1 or the outer gear train 2 respectively to realize the cooling fan. 3 rotates forward or reverse.
  • cooling fan 3 When the cooling fan 3 rotates forward, it blows air to the water tank radiator of the diesel engine. When the cooling fan 3 rotates reversely, it sucks air into the water tank radiator of the diesel engine, thereby sucking away the attachments on the water tank radiator and improving the efficiency of the water tank. Heat exchange efficiency.
  • the inner gear train 1 also includes a driving wheel 1.2, a second inner wheel 1.3, a double-sided poly-ribbed belt 1.4 and a first tensioning wheel 1.5.
  • the driving wheel 1.2 is arranged on the crankshaft of the diesel engine.
  • the inner side of the double-sided poly-V belt 1.4 is sleeved on the driving wheel 1.2 and the first inner wheel 1.1.
  • the outer side of the double-sided poly-V belt 1.4 is sleeved on the second inner wheel 1.3.
  • the first tensioning pulley 1.5 is used to tighten the double-sided poly-V belt 1.4.
  • the first tensioning wheel 1.5 can be sleeved on the inner or outer side of the double-sided multi-V belt 1.4.
  • the first inner wheel 1.1 is used to drive the water cooling pump 4 of the diesel engine to operate;
  • the outer gear train 2 also includes a third The second outer wheel 2.2 and the transmission assembly 2.3, the second outer wheel 2.2 and the second inner wheel 1.3 are coaxially connected, the transmission assembly 2.3 transmission connects the second outer wheel 2.2 and the first outer wheel 2.1; it also includes driving the second outer wheel 2.2 and the second inner wheel 1.3
  • the second clutch mechanism 6 performs clutching; when only the first clutch mechanism 5 is engaged, the first inner wheel 1.1 drives the cooling fan 3 to rotate through the first outer wheel 2.1 to blow air to the water tank radiator of the diesel engine; when only the second clutch mechanism 6 When pulling in, the outer gear train 2 is driven by the second inner wheel 1.3 to cause the cooling fan 3 to reversely suck air into the water tank radiator of the diesel engine.
  • the inner gear train 1 is closer to the diesel engine body than the outer gear train 2.
  • the inner gear train 1 is driven by the crankshaft of the diesel engine through the driving wheel 1.2, and then is transmitted to the first engine through the double-sided poly-ribbed belt 1.4.
  • the inner wheel 1.1 and the first inner wheel 1.1 drive the heat dissipation pump 4 of the diesel engine to operate to dissipate heat for the diesel engine.
  • the first clutch mechanism 5 When the first clutch mechanism 5 is engaged, that is, the first clutch mechanism 5 engages the first inner wheel 1.1 and the first outer wheel 2.1, and when the second clutch mechanism 6 is disengaged, the inner gear train 1 drives the heat dissipation pump 4 to operate.
  • the first inner wheel 1.1 drives the first outer wheel 2.1 to rotate, and the first outer wheel 2.1 drives the cooling fan 3 to turn towards the water tank radiator to blow air, thereby accelerating the heat exchange between the water tank radiator and the air.
  • the cooling fan 3 blows air to the water tank radiator for a long time, the crop debris will gradually adhere to the water tank radiator of the diesel engine.
  • the crop debris on the water tank radiator accumulates to a certain amount, despite the heat dissipation Fan 3 blows air to the water tank radiator, which will still cause the heat of the water tank radiator to be unable to be dissipated into the air.
  • the second outer wheel 2.2 drives the first outer wheel 2.1 to rotate through the transmission assembly 2.3, thereby achieving
  • the cooling fan 3 reversely sucks air into the water tank radiator, thereby sucking away the crop debris attached to the water tank radiator, thereby promoting the heat exchange efficiency between the water tank radiator and the air, and enabling the diesel engine to not stop and the water radiator pump 4 not to stop. Clean crop debris from the water tank radiator. After the crop debris attached to the water tank radiator is sucked clean, the second clutch mechanism 6 is disengaged and the first clutch mechanism 5 is engaged, causing the cooling fan 3 to rotate forward.
  • the transmission assembly 2.3 includes a belt 2.31 and a second tensioning wheel 2.32.
  • the belt 2.31 is sleeved on the first outer wheel 2.1 and the second outer wheel 2.2.
  • the second tensioning wheel 2.32 is used to tension the belt 2.31.
  • the belt 2.31 is preferably It is a V-shaped single V-belt.
  • the transmission component 2.3 is a sprocket chain component.
  • the transmission component 2.3 is a gear set. The transmission does not change the rotation directions of the first outer wheel 2.1 and the second outer wheel 2.2, that is, the rotation directions of the first outer wheel 2.1 and the second outer wheel 2.2 are consistent.
  • the double-sided poly-ribbed belt 1.4 includes an annular intermediate belt body. Multiple wedge ribs are disposed on the inner and outer sides of the intermediate belt body. Compared with the traditional intermediate belt body where the wedge ribs on both sides are arranged symmetrically, in this solution The double-sided poly-ribbed belt 1.4 can not only achieve the effect of double-sided transmission and prevent slipping of the double-sided poly-ribbed belt 1.4, but also increase its strength, making the double-sided poly-ribbed belt 1.4 not easy to break, which greatly improves the performance of the double-sided poly-ribbed belt 1.4 service life.
  • the first clutch mechanism 5 is preferably a first electromagnetic clutch; the second clutch mechanism 6 is preferably a second electromagnetic clutch.
  • a generator 7 is also included.
  • the generator 7 is driven by the inner gear train 1 to generate electricity.
  • the rotating shaft of the second generator 7 is coaxially fixedly connected to the first tensioning wheel 1.5, and the generator 7 is movable relative to the first inner wheel 1.1, so that the whole body formed by the generator 7 and the first tensioning wheel 1.5 becomes one.
  • the tensioning mechanism can tighten the double-sided poly-ribbed belt 1.4 and generate electricity at the same time.
  • the inner gear train 1 does not need to be equipped with additional tensioning wheels, which greatly simplifies the structure of the inner gear train 1.
  • the generator 7 can provide electrical energy for the first electromagnetic clutch and the second electromagnetic clutch, and can also charge the battery equipped on the diesel engine.
  • the first outer wheel 2.1 includes a rotating part 2.11 and a pulley 2.12.
  • the pulley 2.12 is rotatably connected to the rotating part 2.11, and the cooling fan 3 is fixedly installed on the rotating part 2.11.
  • the rotating part 2.11 is coaxially connected to the first inner wheel 1.1, the rotating part 2.11 is slidingly connected to the armature 5.1 of the first electromagnetic clutch, the sliding direction is the axial direction of the rotating part 2.11, the armature 5.1 of the first electromagnetic clutch and the pulley 2.12
  • An engaging structure 2.13 is provided between the end faces; when the first electromagnetic clutch is disconnected (disengaged from the pull-in), the armature 5.1 of the first electromagnetic clutch slides close to the pulley 2.12 under the elastic force of its return spring to make the engaging structure 2.13 engages; when the first electromagnetic clutch engages, the engagement structure 2.13 disengages.
  • the engaging structure 2.13 includes at least one first engaging portion 2.131 fixedly connected to the armature 5.1 of the first electromagnetic clutch, and at least one second engaging portion 2.132 fixedly connected to the end surface of the pulley 2.12, When the first electromagnetic clutch is disconnected, the first engaging portion 2.131 engages with the second engaging portion 2.132.
  • the engaging mechanism when the first clutch mechanism 5 (first electromagnetic clutch) is engaged, the engaging mechanism is disengaged, and the first inner wheel 1.1 drives the cooling fan 3 through the rotating part 2.11 to turn towards the water tank radiator to blow air.
  • the gear train 2 only the rotating part 2.11 rotates, and other parts including the pulley 2.12 do not rotate, so the transmission power of the inner gear train 1 can be saved and the energy consumption of the diesel engine can be saved; when there are more crops attached to the water tank radiator
  • the first clutch mechanism 5 is disengaged, and the armature 5.1 of the first electromagnetic clutch slides close to the pulley 2.12 under the elastic force of its return spring to engage the engaging structure 2.13.
  • the cooling fan 3 The remaining moment of inertia must not only overcome the wind resistance, but also drive the originally stationary outer gear train 2 to rotate, thereby accelerating the cooling fan 3 to stop (it can stop in about 2 seconds), thus shortening the time the cooling fan 3 does not hit the water tank radiator.
  • Time for heat dissipation work when the cooling fan 3 stops rotating, the second clutch mechanism 6 is engaged, the second inner wheel 1.3 drives the outer gear train 2 to rotate through the second outer wheel 2.2, and the pulley 2.12 of the first outer wheel 2.1 drives the rotation. Part 2.11 rotates, thereby driving the cooling fan 3 to reversely draw air to the water tank radiator.
  • the second outer wheel 2.2 includes a rotating disk 2.21 and a driving member 2.23.
  • the rotating disk 2.21 receives the rotation of the second inner wheel 1.3.
  • Rotation drive the rotating disc 2.21 is provided with a plurality of radially distributed rotating gear rollers 2.22 sliding in the radial direction.
  • the rotating disc 2.21 is provided with guide rails along the radial direction, and the rotating gear roller 2.22 is provided with a connecting rod 2.24 for rotation.
  • the connecting rod 2.24 is slidably arranged on the guide rail, so that the rotating gear roller 2.22 slides radially along the rotating disk 2.21.
  • Each rotating gear roller 2.22 forms an annular wheel.
  • the transmission component 2.3 of the outer gear train 2 includes a toothed belt and a second Tension wheel 2.32, the toothed belt is sleeved on the ring wheel and the first outer wheel 2.1, the driving part 2.23 is used to drive each rotating tooth roller 2.22 to slide synchronously to adjust the diameter of the ring wheel, the second tension wheel 2.32 can automatically tighten toothed belt.
  • the rotating disc 2.21 is driven by the rotation of the second inner wheel 1.3.
  • the driving member 2.23 drives each rotating gear roller 2.22 on the rotating disc 2.21 to slide synchronously to adjust the diameter of the annular wheel.
  • the second tensioning wheel 2.32 Automatically tighten the toothed belt to adjust the speed of the first outer wheel 2.1 and the cooling fan 3 without actively adjusting the speed of the inner gear train 1 (the power of the inner gear train 1 comes from the crankshaft of the diesel engine, and the output power of the crankshaft Mainly for harvesting machinery working in the field, the throttle of the diesel engine can only be adjusted according to the needs of the harvesting machinery, and cannot be adjusted according to the needs of the cooling fan 3, and the main power output of the inner gear train 1 is to provide the heat dissipation pump 4 and The generator 7 is running, so the power output by the inner gear train 1 to the second outer wheel 2.2 cannot be actively adjusted according to the reverse rotation speed demand of the cooling fan 3.
  • the inner gear train 1 can be understood as a constant speed
  • the instantaneous speed of reverse rotation of the cooling fan 3 can be increased, thereby increasing the instantaneous suction force of the cooling fan 3 and sucking away the crop debris that is tightly attached to the radiator of the water tank.
  • the driving member 2.23 includes a plurality of first cone wheels 2.231, second cone wheels 2.232 and a driving unit, wherein each first cone wheel 2.231 is rotatably connected to each connecting rod 2.24 in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the second cone wheel 2.232 is in rolling contact with the cone surfaces of each first cone wheel 2.231 at the same time.
  • the driving unit is used to drive the second cone wheel 2.232 to move along the axial direction of the rotating disk 2.21.
  • the driving unit includes a hydraulic cylinder 2.233. The open end of the hydraulic rod of the cylinder 2.233 is fixedly connected to the second cone wheel 2.232.
  • the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic rod can drive the second cone wheel 2.232 to move;
  • the driving member 2.23 also includes an elastic unit 2.25, and the elastic force of the elastic unit 2.25 acts on the center of the annular wheel.
  • the elastic unit 2.25 is preferably an elastic ring, and the elastic ring is sleeved on the annular structure formed by each connecting rod 2.24.
  • the elastic ring is a rubber band or annular spring.
  • the diameter of the wheel thereby increasing the rotation speed of the first outer wheel 2.1; when the second cone wheel 2.232 moves away from the rotating disk 2.21, the elastic force of the elastic unit 2.25 drives each rotating gear roller 2.22 to slide and close, thereby reducing the diameter of the annular wheel, Then the rotation speed of the first outer wheel 2.1 is reduced.
  • the driving member 2.23 can adjust the diameter of the annular wheel without stopping the rotation of the second outer wheel 2.2, thereby increasing the instantaneous speed of the outer gear train 2 and the cooling fan 3 during high-speed operation.
  • the present invention also includes an ECU module 8 and a temperature sensor.
  • the temperature sensor is used to detect the water tank temperature of the diesel engine. When the water tank temperature received by the ECU module 8 is less than the preset value, The ECU module 8 controls the first clutch mechanism 5 to engage and the second clutch mechanism 6 to disconnect; when the water tank temperature received by the ECU module 8 is not less than the preset value, the ECU module 8 controls the first clutch mechanism 5 to disconnect and the second clutch mechanism 6 to disconnect. Clutch mechanism 6 is engaged.
  • the working conditions of the first electromagnetic clutch mechanism and the electromagnetic clutch mechanism can be accurately controlled.
  • the ECU module 8 is automatically controlled intelligently and can intelligently clean the attachments on the radiator tank. of crop dust to achieve precise control of diesel engine heat dissipation.
  • Components such as speed sensors are further installed to collect signals such as the temperature, speed, and operating conditions of the diesel engine, and are comprehensively processed and determined through the ECU module 8 to achieve more accurate heat dissipation control of the diesel engine.
  • the wrapping angle is combined with the use boundary of the whole machine to complete the structural layout; by collecting the actual working conditions of the whole vehicle in the field and bench test data, the water tank blockage cleaning interval requirements, the first electromagnetic clutch, the second electromagnetic clutch separation time and the cooling fan 3 positive Reverse the stop and start time, and write the control program into the ECU module 8, so that the ECU module 8 can automatically judge and trigger the backflush function by collecting water temperature, rotation speed, working conditions, time and other factors during the working process to achieve the purpose of cleaning the water tank radiator.
  • the purpose is to avoid the occurrence of high temperatures in the vehicle, extend the service life of the vehicle, and reduce diesel engine fuel consumption.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmissions By Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

一种柴油机冷却系统，涉及柴油机技术领域，包括内侧轮系与外侧轮系，外侧轮系的第一外轮与内侧轮系的第一内轮同轴连接，第一外轮用于驱动柴油机的散热风扇转动；还包括驱动第一外轮与第一内轮进行离合的第一离合机构，第一离合机构、外侧轮系以及内侧轮系被配置为能够控制散热风扇正转或者反转。通过第一离合机构驱动外侧轮系的第一外轮与内侧轮系的第一内轮进行离合，从而使散热风扇分别接受内侧轮系驱动或外侧轮系驱动以实现散热风扇正转或者反转，散热风扇正转时向柴油机的水箱散热器吹风，散热风扇反转时向柴油机的水箱散热器吸风，从而将水箱散热器上附着物吸走，提高水箱的换热效率。

Description

一种柴油机冷却系统 技术领域
本发明涉及柴油机技术领域，具体为一种柴油机冷却系统。
 背景技术
非道路用收获机械在田间作业时，由于作业环境的特殊性，田间作物的碎末会随着风扇的吸力附着在柴油机水箱散热器上，导致水箱阻塞，水箱的换热效率降低，致使柴油机高温，引起柴油机的水温开锅，容易引发柴油机故障和整车无法正常工作的情况。
在现有技术中，较为普遍的是采用定期人工清理柴油机水箱散热器上的附着物的方法，也有采用机械清理的方式，例如：1、采用液压或者电磁转向功能的风扇，结构复杂，附属件较多，成本高，工作可靠性差，无法实现不停车高转速换向；2、采用杠杆机构控制反吹的结构，结构复杂，不利于柴油机轻量化布置，工作可靠性无法保证，无法实现不停车高转速换向，工作时人员作业强度高；3、现有采用电磁离合结构的系统，传递功率有限，无法满足大风扇的需求，且工作噪音大，皮带磨损快，可靠性低；4、采用机械控制或者开关控制，自动化和智能化程度低，无法精确控制系统的工作状况。
 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种柴油机冷却系统，以解决上述现有技术中的不足之处。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种柴油机冷却系统，包括内侧轮系与外侧轮系，所述外侧轮系的第一外轮与所述内侧轮系的第一内轮同轴连接，所述第一外轮用于驱动柴油机的散热风扇转动；还包括驱动所述第一外轮与第一内轮进行离合的第一离合机构，所述第一离合机构、所述外侧轮系以及所述内侧轮系被配置为能够控制所述散热风扇正转或者反转。
进一步地，所述内侧轮系还包括驱动轮、第二内轮、双面多楔带以及第一张紧轮，所述驱动轮设置于柴油机的曲轴上，所述双面多楔带的内侧套设于驱动轮与第一内轮上，双面多楔带的外侧套设于第二内轮上，所述第一张紧轮用于张紧所述双面多楔带，所述第一内轮用于驱动柴油机的散热水泵运转；所述外侧轮系还包括第二外轮以及传动组件，所述第二外轮与第二内轮同轴连接，所述传动组件传动连接第二外轮与第一外轮；还包括驱动所述第二外轮与第二内轮进行离合的第二离合机构；当仅第一离合机构吸合时，第一内轮通过第一外轮驱动散热风扇转动向柴油机的水箱散热器吹风；当仅第二离合机构吸合时，外侧轮系接受第二内轮驱动以使散热风扇反转向柴油机的水箱散热器吸风。
进一步地，所述传动组件包括皮带与第二张紧轮，皮带套设于第一外轮与第二外轮上，第二张紧轮用于张紧所述皮带。
进一步地，所述皮带为V型单楔带。
进一步地，所述第一张紧轮套接在双面多楔带的内侧或外侧。
进一步地，还包括发电机，发电机接受内侧轮系的驱动。
进一步地，所述第所述发电机的转轴与第一张紧轮共轴固定连接，发电机相对于第一内轮移动设置，以使第一张紧轮张紧所述双面多楔带。
进一步地，所述双面多楔带包括环形的中间带体，所述中间带体的内外侧错位设置有多条楔棱。
进一步地，所述第一离合机构为第一电磁离合器。
进一步地，还包括ECU模块以及温度传感器，温度传感器用于检测柴油机的水箱温度，当ECU模块接收到的水箱温度小于预设值时，ECU模块控制第一离合机构吸合、第二离合机构断开；当ECU模块接收到的水箱温度不小于预设值时，ECU模块控制第一离合机构断开、第二离合机构吸合。
在上述技术方案中，本发明提供的一种柴油机冷却系统，第一离合机构外侧轮系的第一外轮与内侧轮系的第一内轮进行离合，从而使散热风扇分别接受内侧轮系驱动或外侧轮系驱动以实现散热风扇正转或者反转，散热风扇正转时向柴油机的水箱散热器吹风，散热风扇反转时向柴油机的水箱散热器吸风，从而将水箱散热器上附着物吸走，提高水箱的换热效率。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1-2为本发明实施例提供的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的局部结构示意图；
图4-5为本发明另一实施例提供的第一外轮的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的图5中沿A-A线的结构剖视图；
图7-8为本发明再一实施例提供的第二外轮的结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例提供的驱动件的结构示意图；
图10-11为本发明实施例提供的具有ECU模块的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、内侧轮系；1.1、第一内轮；1.2、驱动轮；1.3、第二内轮；1.4、双面多楔带；1.5、第一张紧轮；2、外侧轮系；2.1、第一外轮；2.11、转动部；2.12、带轮；2.13、卡合结构；2.131、第一卡接部；2.132、第二卡接部；2.2、第二外轮；2.21、转动盘；2.22、转动齿辊；2.23、驱动件；2.231、第一锥轮；2.232、第二锥轮；2.233、液压缸；2.24、连杆；2.25、弹性单元；2.3、传动组件；2.31、皮带；2.32、第二张紧轮；3、散热风扇；4、散热水泵；5、第一离合机构；5.1、衔铁；6、第二离合机构；7、发电机；8、ECU模块。
 实施方式
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细介绍。
请参阅图1-11，本发明实施例提供的一种柴油机冷却系统，包括内侧轮系1与外侧轮系2，外侧轮系2的第一外轮2.1与内侧轮系1的第一内轮1.1同轴连接，第一外轮2.1用于驱动柴油机的散热风扇3转动；还包括驱动第一外轮2.1与第一内轮1.1进行离合的第一离合机构5，第一离合机构5、外侧轮系2以及内侧轮系1被配置为能够控制散热风扇3正转或者反转。
本发明提供的一种柴油机冷却系统，内侧轮系1接受正转驱动，外侧轮系2接受反转驱动，其中正转与反转时相对而言的，第一离合机构5使第一内轮1.1与第一外轮2.1吸合时，散热风扇3正转，第一离合机构5使第一内轮1.1与第一外轮2.1脱离吸合时，散热风扇3反转。第一离合机构5外侧轮系2的第一外轮2.1与内侧轮系1的第一内轮1.1进行离合，从而使散热风扇3分别接受内侧轮系1驱动或外侧轮系2驱动以实现散热风扇3正转或者反转，散热风扇3正转时向柴油机的水箱散热器吹风，散热风扇3反转时向柴油机的水箱散热器吸风，从而将水箱散热器上附着物吸走，提高水箱的换热效率。
作为本实施例优选的技术方案，内侧轮系1还包括驱动轮1.2、第二内轮1.3、双面多楔带1.4以及第一张紧轮1.5，驱动轮1.2设置于柴油机的曲轴上，双面多楔带1.4的内侧套设于驱动轮1.2与第一内轮1.1上，双面多楔带1.4的外侧套设于第二内轮1.3上，第一张紧轮1.5用于张紧双面多楔带1.4，第一张紧轮1.5套接在双面多楔带1.4的内侧或外侧均可，第一内轮1.1用于驱动柴油机的散热水泵4运转；外侧轮系2还包括第二外轮2.2以及传动组件2.3，第二外轮2.2与第二内轮1.3同轴连接，传动组件2.3传动连接第二外轮2.2与第一外轮2.1；还包括驱动第二外轮2.2与第二内轮1.3进行离合的第二离合机构6；当仅第一离合机构5吸合时，第一内轮1.1通过第一外轮2.1驱动散热风扇3转动向柴油机的水箱散热器吹风；当仅第二离合机构6吸合时，外侧轮系2接受第二内轮1.3驱动以使散热风扇3反转向柴油机的水箱散热器吸风。
在本技术方案中，内侧轮系1相比于外侧轮系2更加靠近柴油机本体，内侧轮系1的通过驱动轮1.2接受柴油机的曲轴的驱动，然后通过双面多楔带1.4传动至第一内轮1.1，第一内轮1.1驱动柴油机的散热水泵4运转，为柴油机散热。当第一离合机构5吸合，即第一离合机构5使第一内轮1.1与第一外轮2.1吸合，且第二离合机构6脱离吸合时，内侧轮系1在驱动散热水泵4运转的同时通过第一内轮1.1驱动第一外轮2.1转动，第一外轮2.1驱动散热风扇3正转向水箱散热器吹风，从而加速水箱散热器与空气换热。散热风扇3向水箱散热器吹风的过程持续较长的时间后，会导致作物的碎末逐渐附着在柴油机的水箱散热器上，当水箱散热器上的作物碎末积累到一定量时，尽管散热风扇3向水箱散热器吹风，仍会导致水箱散热器的热量无法散发到空气中。因此此时需要使第一离合机构5脱离吸合，第一外轮2.1与第一内轮1.1之间的传动断开，待散热风扇3在风阻下停止转动后（这个过程大概需要5秒左右），再使第二离合机构6吸合，第二外轮2.2与第二内轮1.3之间进行传动，由于双面多楔带1.4的外侧套设在第二内轮1.3上的，因此第二内轮1.3的转动方向与第一内轮1.1的转动方向相反，从而使得第二外轮2.2相对第一内轮1.1的转动方向相反，第二外轮2.2通过传动组件2.3带动第一外轮2.1转动，从而实现散热风扇3反转向水箱散热器吸风，进而将水箱散热器上附着的作物碎末吸走，促进水箱散热器与空气的换热效率，实现柴油机在不停机、散热水泵4不停机的情况下对水箱散热器上的作物碎末进行清理。待水箱散热器上附着的作物碎末被吸干净后，再使第二离合机构6脱离吸合、第一离合机构5吸合，使散热风扇3正转。
作为优选的，传动组件2.3包括皮带2.31与第二张紧轮2.32，皮带2.31套设于第一外轮2.1与第二外轮2.2上，第二张紧轮2.32用于张紧皮带2.31，皮带2.31优选为V型单楔带。优选的，传动组件2.3为链轮链条组件。优选的，传动组件2.3为齿轮组。传动不改变第一外轮2.1与第二外轮2.2的转动方向，即第一外轮2.1与第二外轮2.2的旋转方向是一致的。
作为优选的，双面多楔带1.4包括环形的中间带体，中间带体的内外侧错位设置有多条楔棱，相比与传统的中间带体的两侧楔棱对称布置，本方案中的双面多楔带1.4既能够实现双面多楔带1.4双面传动、防止打滑的效果，又能够增加其强度，使双面多楔带1.4不易断裂，大大提高了双面多楔带1.4的使用寿命。
作为优选的，第一离合机构5优选为第一电磁离合器；第二离合机构6优选为第二电磁离合器。
作为本实施例优选的技术方案，还包括发电机7，发电机7接受内侧轮系1的驱动进行发电。进一步地，第发电机7的转轴与第一张紧轮1.5共轴固定连接，发电机7相对于第一内轮1.1移动设置，如此发电机7与第一张紧轮1.5构成的整体成为一个张紧机构，从而能够张紧双面多楔带1.4，同时能够进行发电，内侧轮系1无需在额外设置其他张紧轮，大大精简了内侧轮系1的结构。发电机7可以为第一电磁离合器与第二电磁离合器提供电能，也可以为柴油机上配备的蓄电池充电。
本发明提供的另一个实施例中，参阅图4-6，第一外轮2.1包括转动部2.11与带轮2.12，带轮2.12转动连接在转动部2.11上，散热风扇3固定安装在转动部2.11上，转动部2.11与第一内轮1.1共轴转动连接，转动部2.11与第一电磁离合器的衔铁5.1滑动连接，滑动方向为转动部2.11的轴向，第一电磁离合器的衔铁5.1与带轮2.12的端面之间设置有卡合结构2.13；当第一电磁离合器断开（脱离吸合）时，第一电磁离合器的衔铁5.1在其复位弹簧的弹力作用下滑动靠近带轮2.12以使卡合结构2.13卡合；当第一电磁离合器吸合时，卡合结构2.13脱离卡合。
作为优选的，卡合结构2.13包括至少一个固定连接于第一电磁离合器的衔铁5.1上的第一卡接部2.131，以及至少一个固定连接于带轮2.12的端面上的第二卡接部2.132，当第一电磁离合器断开时，第一卡接部2.131与第二卡接部2.132卡合。
在本实施例中，当第一离合机构5（第一电磁离合器）吸合时，卡合机构脱离卡合，第一内轮1.1通过转动部2.11驱动散热风扇3正转向水箱散热器吹风，外侧轮系2中仅转动部2.11转动，包括带轮2.12在内的其他部件不转动，因此能够节省内侧轮系1的传动功率，节省柴油机的能耗；当水箱散热器上附着了较多的作物碎末后散热性能下降了时，第一离合机构5脱离吸合，第一电磁离合器的衔铁5.1在其复位弹簧的弹力作用下滑动靠近带轮2.12以使卡合结构2.13卡合，此时散热风扇3剩余的转动惯量既要克服风阻，又要带动原本静止的外侧轮系2转动，从而能够加速散热风扇3停下（大约2秒就能够停下），从而缩短散热风扇3未对水箱散热器进行散热作业的时间；待散热风扇3停止转动时，使第二离合机构6吸合，第二内轮1.3通过第二外轮2.2带动外侧轮系2转动，第一外轮2.1的带轮2.12带动转动部2.11转动，从而带动散热风扇3反转向水箱散热器吸风。
本发明提供的再一个实施例中，参阅图7-9，所述第二外轮2.2包括转动盘2.21以及驱动件2.23，第二离合机构6吸合时，转动盘2.21接受第二内轮1.3的转动驱动，转动盘2.21上沿径向滑动设置有多个呈辐射状分布的转动齿辊2.22，具体的，转动盘2.21上沿径向设置有导轨，转动齿辊2.22上转动设置有连杆2.24，连杆2.24滑动设置于导轨上，以使转动齿辊2.22沿转动盘2.21径向滑动，各转动齿辊2.22组成一个环状轮，外侧轮系2的传动组件2.3包括齿带和第二张紧轮2.32，齿带套设于环状轮与第一外轮2.1上，驱动件2.23用于驱动各转动齿辊2.22同步滑动以调节环状轮的直径，第二张紧轮2.32能够自动张紧齿带。
在上述技术方案中，转动盘2.21接受第二内轮1.3的转动驱动，通过驱动件2.23驱动转动盘2.21上的各转动齿辊2.22同步滑动能够调节环状轮的直径，第二张紧轮2.32自动张紧齿带，从而实现第一外轮2.1及散热风扇3的转速调节，实现在不主动调节内侧轮系1转速的情况下（内侧轮系1的动力来自于柴油机的曲轴，曲轴的输出动力主要为了收获机械在田间作业的，仅会根据收获机械的需求进行柴油机的油门调节，并不能根据散热风扇3的需求来调节柴油机油门，并且内侧轮系1的主要动力输出是提供散热水泵4与发电机7运转，因此内侧轮系1输出给第二外轮2.2的动力是无法根据散热风扇3的反转转速需求而进行主动调节的，通常情况下可以把内侧轮系1理解成恒定转速），通过驱动件2.23调大环状轮直径，能够实现增大散热风扇3反转的瞬时速率，从而提高散热风扇3的瞬时吸力，将水箱散热器上附着得比较紧的作物碎末吸走。
作为本实施例优选的技术方案，驱动件2.23包括多个第一锥轮2.231、第二锥轮2.232以及驱动单元，其中，各第一锥轮2.231与各连杆2.24一一对应地转动连接，第二锥轮2.232同时与各第一锥轮2.231的锥面滚动贴合，驱动单元用于驱动第二锥轮2.232沿转动盘2.21的轴向移动，优选的，驱动单元包括液压缸2.233，液压缸2.233的液压杆的开放端与第二锥轮2.232固定连接，液压杆伸缩能够驱动第二锥轮2.232移动；驱动件2.23还包括弹性单元2.25，弹性单元2.25的弹力向环状轮的中心作用于各转动齿辊2.22上，弹性单元2.25优选为弹力环，弹力环套设于各连杆2.24形成的环状结构上，具体的，弹力环为橡皮筋或环形弹簧。当第二锥轮2.232朝转动盘2.21移动靠近时，第二锥轮2.232同时挤压各第一锥轮2.231，从而使各第一锥轮2.231辐射分散，从而增大由转动齿轮组成的环状轮的直径，进而增大第一外轮2.1的转速；当第二锥轮2.232移动远离转动盘2.21时，弹性单元2.25的弹力驱使各转动齿辊2.22滑动合拢，从而减小环状轮的直径，进而减小第一外轮2.1的转速。驱动件2.23实现在第二外轮2.2不停转的情况下对环状轮的直径进行调节，实现外侧轮系2及散热风扇3在高速运转的过程中提高散热风扇3的瞬时转速。
本发明提供的再一个实施例中，参阅图10-11，还包括ECU模块8以及温度传感器，温度传感器用于检测柴油机的水箱温度，当ECU模块8接收到的水箱温度小于预设值时，ECU模块8控制第一离合机构5吸合、第二离合机构6断开；当ECU模块8接收到的水箱温度不小于预设值时，ECU模块8控制第一离合机构5断开、第二离合机构6吸合。
在本实施例中，通过采集柴油机的水箱温度信号，经过ECU模块8处理可精确控制第一电磁离合机构和电磁离合机构的工作情况，ECU模块8自动化智能化控制，能够智能清理散热水箱上附着的作物碎末，实现对柴油机散热的精准控制。进一步地设置转速传感器等部件，以采集柴油机的温度、转速、使用工况等信号，通过ECU模块8进行综合处理判定，能够更加精准地实现对柴油机的散热控制。具体的设计过程：通过整车热平衡试验确认散热风扇3直径需求，并校核散热风扇3叶尖速度，调整速比，测试散热风扇3正反转时不同转速下的消耗功率，根据功率计算出第一电磁离合器和第二电磁离合器的匹配参数；确认关键零部件的结构参数后，开始轮系的布置，根据最小驱动力的要求，确认双面多楔带1.4的楔数和各轮系的包角，结合整机使用边界完成结构布置；通过采集整车田间实际使用工况和台架试验数据，水箱堵塞物清理间隔要求，第一电磁离合器、第二电磁离合器分离时间以及散热风扇3正反转停止启动时间，将控制程序写入ECU模块8中，使ECU模块8在工作过程中通过采集水温、转速、工况、时间等因素自动判断并触发反吹功能，达到清理水箱散热器的目的，避免整车高温的发生，还能够延长整车使用期限，降低柴油机燃油消耗。
以上只通过说明的方式描述了本发明的某些示范性实施例，毋庸置疑，对于本领域的普通技术人员，在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可以用各种不同的方式对所描述的实施例进行修正。因此，上述附图和描述在本质上是说明性的，不应理解为对本发明权利要求保护范围的限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种柴油机冷却系统，其特征在于，包括：
    内侧轮系；
    外侧轮系，所述外侧轮系的第一外轮与所述内侧轮系的第一内轮同轴连接，所述第一外轮用于驱动柴油机的散热风扇转动；
    还包括驱动所述第一外轮与第一内轮进行离合的第一离合机构，所述第一离合机构、所述外侧轮系以及所述内侧轮系被配置为能够控制所述散热风扇正转或者反转。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种柴油机冷却系统，其特征在于，所述内侧轮系还包括驱动轮、第二内轮、双面多楔带以及第一张紧轮，所述驱动轮设置于柴油机的曲轴上，所述双面多楔带的内侧套设于驱动轮与第一内轮上，双面多楔带的外侧套设于第二内轮上，所述第一张紧轮用于张紧所述双面多楔带，所述第一内轮用于驱动柴油机的散热水泵运转；
    所述外侧轮系还包括第二外轮以及传动组件，所述第二外轮与第二内轮同轴连接，所述传动组件传动连接第二外轮与第一外轮；
    还包括驱动所述第二外轮与第二内轮进行离合的第二离合机构；
    当仅第一离合机构吸合时，第一内轮通过第一外轮驱动散热风扇转动向柴油机的水箱散热器吹风；当仅第二离合机构吸合时，外侧轮系接受第二内轮驱动以使散热风扇反转向柴油机的水箱散热器吸风。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种柴油机冷却系统，其特征在于，所述传动组件包括皮带与第二张紧轮，皮带套设于第一外轮与第二外轮上，第二张紧轮用于张紧所述皮带。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种柴油机冷却系统，其特征在于，所述皮带为V型单楔带。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种柴油机冷却系统，其特征在于，所述第一张紧轮套接在双面多楔带的内侧或外侧。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的一种柴油机冷却系统，其特征在于，还包括发电机，发电机接受内侧轮系的驱动。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种柴油机冷却系统，其特征在于，所述第所述发电机的转轴与第一张紧轮共轴固定连接，发电机相对于第一内轮移动设置，以使第一张紧轮张紧所述双面多楔带。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的一种柴油机冷却系统，其特征在于，所述双面多楔带包括环形的中间带体，所述中间带体的内外侧错位设置有多条楔棱。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种柴油机冷却系统，其特征在于，所述第一离合机构为第一电磁离合器。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种柴油机冷却系统，其特征在于，还包括ECU模块以及温度传感器，温度传感器用于检测柴油机的水箱温度，当ECU模块接收到的水箱温度小于预设值时，ECU模块控制第一离合机构吸合、第二离合机构断开；当ECU模块接收到的水箱温度不小于预设值时，ECU模块控制第一离合机构断开、第二离合机构吸合。
PCT/CN2023/079601 2022-04-27 2023-03-03 一种柴油机冷却系统 WO2023207334A1 (zh)

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