WO2023207333A1 - 一种偏心张紧轮及柴油机冷却系统 - Google Patents

一种偏心张紧轮及柴油机冷却系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023207333A1
WO2023207333A1 PCT/CN2023/079596 CN2023079596W WO2023207333A1 WO 2023207333 A1 WO2023207333 A1 WO 2023207333A1 CN 2023079596 W CN2023079596 W CN 2023079596W WO 2023207333 A1 WO2023207333 A1 WO 2023207333A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheel
inner wheel
shaft
eccentric
friction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/079596
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姜存峰
余磊
吴义海
孙永信
陶铜陵
魏东
Original Assignee
安徽全柴动力股份有限公司
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Application filed by 安徽全柴动力股份有限公司 filed Critical 安徽全柴动力股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023207333A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023207333A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H7/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/08—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
    • F16H7/10—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley
    • F16H7/12—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley
    • F16H7/1254—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley without vibration damping means
    • F16H7/1263—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley without vibration damping means where the axis of the pulley moves along a substantially straight path
    • F16H7/1272—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley without vibration damping means where the axis of the pulley moves along a substantially straight path with means for impeding reverse motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
    • F01P5/04—Pump-driving arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
    • F01P5/12—Pump-driving arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B67/00—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B67/04—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus
    • F02B67/06—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus driven by means of chains, belts, or like endless members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
    • F16D41/12—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D67/00—Combinations of couplings and brakes; Combinations of clutches and brakes
    • F16D67/02—Clutch-brake combinations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/32—Friction members
    • F16H55/36—Pulleys
    • F16H55/46—Split pulleys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H7/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members with belts; with V-belts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of diesel engines, specifically an eccentric tensioner and a diesel engine cooling system.
  • the tensioner is the tensioning device of the belt drive. When the center distance of the belt cannot be adjusted, the tensioner can be used to tighten the belt. The tensioner is pressed in order to change the wrap angle of the pulley or control the tension of the belt. Follower pulley on the belt.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an eccentric tensioner and a diesel engine cooling system to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.
  • an eccentric tensioning wheel includes an inner wheel, an outer wheel is rotatably connected to the circumferential side of the inner wheel through a bearing, and the inner wheel is eccentrically rotatably connected to a fixed foundation.
  • the outer wheel is a pulley, a toothed pulley or a sprocket.
  • a first shaft is eccentrically rotatably connected to the inner wheel, and one end of the first shaft is fixedly connected to the fixed foundation.
  • the inner wheel is eccentrically connected to a first shaft, one end of the first shaft is fixedly connected to a fork bar, the swing bar is rotatably connected to a second shaft, and the second shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wheel.
  • a first elastic unit is provided between the first shaft and the inner wheel, and the elastic force of the first elastic unit drives the inner wheel to rotate relative to the first shaft.
  • a second elastic unit is provided between the second shaft and the swing bar, and the elastic force of the second elastic unit drives the swing bar to rotate relative to the second shaft.
  • a one-way deceleration mechanism is included, and the one-way deceleration mechanism is assembled to drive the outer wheel to decelerate relative to the inner wheel when the outer wheel rotates relative to the inner wheel in one of the rotation directions.
  • the one-way deceleration mechanism includes: a plurality of ratchet teeth, which are arranged in a circular array on the inside of the outer wheel; a first friction ring, which is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential side of the inner wheel, and has a first friction ring.
  • a friction end face a friction end face
  • at least one pawl which is elastically rotatably arranged on the first friction ring and cooperates with each ratchet tooth
  • a second friction ring which is slidably arranged on the inner wheel along the axial direction of the inner wheel, and which It has a second friction end face facing the first friction end face; an elastic component used to drive the second friction ring to slide so that the second friction end face abuts the first friction end face.
  • the elastic component includes at least one guide rod.
  • One end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the inner wheel, and the other end is provided with an end cap.
  • the second friction ring is slidably provided on the guide rod, and a compression spring is set on the guide rod. , one end of the compression spring contacts the end cap, and the other end contacts the second friction ring.
  • a diesel engine cooling system includes a pulley train driven by the crankshaft of the diesel engine and the above-mentioned eccentric tensioner.
  • the power output end of the pulley train drives the water dissipation pump and/or cooling fan of the diesel engine to operate.
  • the eccentric tensioner is used for cooling the diesel engine. Tighten the belt of the pulley train.
  • the present invention provides an eccentric tensioning wheel, which can adjust the tension of the belt by the outer wheel by rotating the inner wheel relative to a fixed foundation, and can achieve any degree of tensioning of the belt.
  • the diesel engine cooling system including the eccentric tensioner should also have corresponding technical effects.
  • FIGS 1-3 are schematic structural diagrams of the eccentric tensioner provided by embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a structural cross-sectional view of the eccentric tensioner provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS 5-7 are schematic structural diagrams of an eccentric tensioner provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a structural cross-sectional view of an eccentric tensioner provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS 9-10 are schematic structural diagrams of the diesel engine cooling system provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first inner wheel, the first electromagnetic clutch and the first outer wheel provided by the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the connection structure of the first inner wheel, the first electromagnetic clutch and the first outer wheel provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • An eccentric tensioner provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes an inner wheel (1).
  • the peripheral side of the inner wheel (1) is rotatably connected to an outer wheel (3) through a bearing (2).
  • the inner wheel (3) 1) Eccentric rotation is connected on a fixed foundation.
  • the outer wheel (3) is a belt (11.3) wheel (11.12), toothed pulley (11.12) or sprocket.
  • the tension of the belt (11.3) by the outer wheel (3) can be adjusted by rotating the inner wheel (1) relative to the fixed foundation, and any degree of tension of the belt (11.3) can be achieved.
  • a first shaft (4) is eccentrically rotatably connected to the inner wheel (1), and one end of the first shaft (4) is fixedly connected to the fixed foundation.
  • a first elastic unit (7) is provided between the first shaft (4) and the inner wheel (1). The elastic force of the first elastic unit (7) drives the inner wheel (1) to rotate relative to the first shaft (4). In this way, after the belt (11.3) becomes loose, the elastic force of the first elastic unit (7) can automatically tighten the belt (11.3).
  • the first elastic unit (7) is a first torsion spring, which is sleeved on the first shaft (4), one end of which is fixedly connected to the first shaft (4), and the other end is connected to the inner wheel (1) Fixed connection.
  • the inner wheel (1) is eccentrically rotatably connected to a first shaft (4), and one end of the first shaft (4) is fixedly connected to a swing bar (5), which is 5)
  • the upper rotary connection is provided with a second shaft (6), and the second shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the fixed foundation.
  • a first elastic unit (7) is provided between the first shaft (4) and the inner wheel (1). The elastic force of the first elastic unit (7) drives the inner wheel (1) to rotate relative to the first shaft (4).
  • a second elastic unit (8) is provided between the second shaft (6) and the swing bar (5). The elastic force of the second elastic unit (8) drives the swing bar (5) to rotate relative to the second shaft (6).
  • the first elastic unit (7) is preferably a first torsion spring
  • the second elastic unit (8) is a second torsion spring, which is sleeved on the second shaft (6), and one end of which is connected to the second shaft (6). (6) is fixedly connected, and the other end is fixedly connected to the swing rod (5). In this way, without increasing the diameter of the inner wheel (1), the amplitude of the eccentric tensioner tensioning the belt (11.3) can be greatly increased.
  • the present invention also includes a one-way deceleration mechanism (9).
  • the one-way deceleration mechanism (9) is assembled so that when the outer wheel (3) faces the inner wheel (1) along the When rotating in one direction, it drives the outer wheel (3) to decelerate relative to the inner wheel (1).
  • the one-way deceleration mechanism (9) includes a plurality of ratchet teeth (9.1), a first friction ring (9.2), at least one pawl (9.3), a second friction ring (9.4) and an elastic component (9.5), where , a plurality of ratchet teeth (9.1) are arranged in a circular array on the inside of the outer wheel (3), the first friction ring (9.2) is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential side of the inner wheel (1), and the first friction ring (9.2) has a first A friction end face, the pawl (9.3) is elastically rotated and arranged on the first friction ring (9.2). The pawl (9.3) cooperates with each ratchet tooth (9.1).
  • the second friction ring (9.4) moves along the inner wheel (1) Axial sliding is provided on the inner wheel (1).
  • the second friction ring (9.4) has a second friction end face facing the first friction end face.
  • the elastic component (9.5) is used to drive the second friction ring (9.4) to slide.
  • the second friction end surface is brought into contact with the first friction end surface.
  • the elastic component (9.5) includes at least one guide rod (9.51). One end of the guide rod (9.51) is fixedly connected to the inner wheel (1), and the other end is provided with an end cap (9.52).
  • the second friction ring (9.52) 9.4) Slidingly arranged on the guide rod (9.51), a compression spring (9.53) is set on the guide rod (9.51), one end of the compression spring (9.53) abuts the end cap (9.52), and the other end abuts the second friction ring (9.4).
  • each ratchet tooth (9.1) slides smoothly from the pawl (9.3), and the outer wheel (3) can rotate smoothly.
  • the ratchet (9.1) on the inner wall of the outer wheel (3) blocks the pawl (9.3), thereby driving the first friction ring (9.2) to rotate together. Friction occurs between the first friction ring (9.2) and the second friction ring (9.4), causing the belt (11.3) and the outer wheel (3) to slow down or even stop rotating.
  • the eccentric tensioner provided by this embodiment can be applied to a gear train that requires braking when rotating in reverse direction.
  • the invention also provides a diesel engine cooling system, which includes a belt (11.3) pulley (11.12) system driven by the crankshaft of the diesel engine and the above-mentioned eccentric tensioner.
  • the power output end of the belt (11.3) pulley (11.12) system drives the diesel engine.
  • the heat dissipation pump (13) and/or the cooling fan (12) are running, and the eccentric tensioner is used to tighten the belt (11.3) of the belt (11.3) pulley (11.12) system.
  • the belt (11.3) pulley (11.12) system includes an inner gear train (10) and an outer gear train (11). There are two eccentric tensioning pulleys, which are used to tighten the inner side respectively.
  • the gear train (10) is connected to the outer gear train.
  • the inner gear train (10) includes a driving wheel (10.2), a first inner wheel (10.1), a second inner wheel (10.3) and a double-sided poly-ribbed belt (10.4).
  • the outer wheel train (10) The system (11) includes a first outer wheel (11.1), a second outer wheel (11.2) and a belt (11.3).
  • the first inner wheel (10.1) drives the heat dissipation pump (13) of the diesel engine to operate.
  • the first outer wheel (11.1) is provided with a heat dissipation device.
  • the fan (12) and the driving wheel (10.2) are connected to the crankshaft of the diesel engine and are driven by the crankshaft.
  • the inner side of the double-sided poly-ribbed belt (10.4) is sleeved on the driving wheel (10.2) and the first inner wheel (10.1).
  • the outer side of the double-sided poly-ribbed belt (10.4) is sleeved on the second inner wheel (10.3).
  • the first inner wheel (10.1) of the inner gear train (10) drives the heat sink pump (13) of the diesel engine to operate.
  • the belt (11.3) It is sleeved on the second outer wheel (11.2) and the first outer wheel (11.1).
  • the first outer wheel (11.1) is coaxially connected to the first inner wheel (10.1), and also includes a first clutch mechanism (14) that drives the first outer wheel (11.1) and the first inner wheel (10.1) to clutch, and drives the second The second clutch mechanism (15) for clutching the outer wheel (11.2) and the second inner wheel (10.3); when only the first clutch mechanism (14) is engaged, that is, the first clutch mechanism (14) causes the first inner wheel (10.3) to engage.
  • the inner gear train (10) is driven by the crankshaft of the diesel engine through the driving wheel (10.2), and then is transmitted to the first inner wheel (10.1) through the double-sided poly-ribbed belt (10.4).
  • (10.1) drives the heat dissipation pump (13) of the diesel engine to operate to dissipate heat for the diesel engine.
  • the first clutch mechanism (14) engages, that is, the first clutch mechanism (14) engages the first inner wheel (10.1) and the first outer wheel (11.1), and the second clutch mechanism (15) disengages from engaging
  • the inner gear train (10) drives the first outer wheel (11.1) to rotate through the first inner wheel (10.1) while driving the heat dissipation pump (13).
  • the first outer wheel (11.1) drives the cooling fan (12) to turn towards the water tank radiator. Blowing air accelerates the heat exchange between the water tank radiator and the air.
  • the cooling fan (12) blows air to the water tank radiator for a long time, the crop debris will gradually adhere to the water tank radiator of the diesel engine.
  • the crop debris on the water tank radiator accumulates to a certain amount, although the cooling fan (12) blows air to the water tank radiator, the heat of the water tank radiator will still not be dissipated into the air. Therefore, it is necessary to disengage the first clutch mechanism (14) at this time, and disconnect the transmission between the first outer wheel (11.1) and the first inner wheel (10.1).
  • the second clutch mechanism (15) is engaged, and transmission is carried out between the second outer wheel (11.2) and the second inner wheel (10.3). Since the outer side of the double-sided poly-V belt (10.4) is sleeved on the second inner wheel (11.2), 10.3), so the rotation direction of the second inner wheel (10.3) is opposite to the rotation direction of the first inner wheel (10.1), so that the second outer wheel (11.2) rotates in the opposite direction relative to the first inner wheel (10.1), The second outer wheel (11.2) drives the first outer wheel (11.1) to rotate through the transmission assembly, thereby realizing the cooling fan (12) to reversely suck air into the water tank radiator, thereby sucking away the crop debris attached to the water tank radiator to promote heat dissipation in the water tank.
  • the heat exchange efficiency between the radiator and the air enables the diesel engine to clean the crop debris on the water tank radiator without stopping the diesel engine and the heat dissipation pump (13) without stopping the machine.
  • the second clutch mechanism (15) is disengaged and the first clutch mechanism (14) is engaged, causing the cooling fan (12) to rotate forward.
  • the double-sided poly-ribbed belt (10.4) includes an annular middle belt body, with multiple wedge ribs disposed on the inner and outer sides of the middle belt body. Compared with the traditional middle belt body where the wedge ribs on both sides are symmetrically arranged, this belt body has a symmetrical arrangement.
  • the double-sided poly-V belt (10.4) in the plan can not only achieve the effect of double-sided transmission and prevent slipping of the double-sided poly-V belt (10.4), but also increase its strength, making the double-sided poly-V belt (10.4) less likely to break, which greatly Improved service life of double-sided poly-V belt (10.4).
  • the first clutch mechanism (14) is preferably a first electromagnetic clutch
  • the second clutch mechanism (15) is preferably a second electromagnetic clutch.
  • the first outer wheel (11.1) includes a rotating part (11.11) and a pulley (11.12), and the pulley (11.12) is rotatably connected to the rotating part (11.11).
  • the cooling fan (12) is fixedly installed on the rotating part (11.11).
  • the rotating part (11.11) is coaxially connected to the first inner wheel (10.1).
  • the rotating part (11.11) is slidingly connected to the armature (14.1) of the first electromagnetic clutch.
  • the sliding direction is the axial direction of the rotating part (11.11)
  • an engaging structure (11.13) is provided between the armature (14.1) of the first electromagnetic clutch and the end surface of the pulley (11.12).
  • the engaging structure (11.13) It includes at least one first snap-in portion fixedly connected to the armature (14.1) of the first electromagnetic clutch, and at least one second snap-in portion fixedly connected to the end surface of the pulley (11.12); when the first electromagnetic clutch is disengaged When the first electromagnetic clutch is engaged, the armature (14.1) of the first electromagnetic clutch slides close to the pulley (11.12) under the elastic force of its return spring to engage the engaging structure (11.13); Structure (11.13) disengages.
  • the engagement mechanism when the first electromagnetic clutch is engaged, the engagement mechanism is disengaged, and the first inner wheel (10.1) drives the cooling fan (12) through the rotating part (11.11) to turn towards the water tank radiator to blow air, and the outer wheel In the system (11), only the rotating part (11.11) rotates, and other parts including the pulley (11.12) do not rotate, so the transmission power of the inner gear train (10) can be saved and the energy consumption of the diesel engine can be saved; when the water tank radiator When the heat dissipation performance decreases after a lot of crop debris is attached to the belt, the first clutch mechanism (14) disengages, and the armature (14.1) of the first electromagnetic clutch slides close to the pulley (11.12) under the elastic force of its return spring.
  • the remaining moment of inertia of the cooling fan (12) must not only overcome the wind resistance, but also drive the originally stationary outer gear train (11) to rotate, and is used to tighten the outer gear train at this time.
  • the one-way deceleration mechanism (9) of the above-mentioned eccentric tensioner of the gear train (11) exerts a deceleration effect.
  • the rotation of the outer gear train (11) causes the outer wheel (3) of the eccentric tensioner to rotate relative to the inner wheel (1).
  • the ratchet (9.1) on the inner wall blocks the pawl (9.3), thereby driving the first friction ring (9.2) to rotate together, and friction occurs between the first friction ring (9.2) and the second friction ring (9.4).
  • the belt (11.3) and the outer wheel (3) decelerate quickly, thereby further accelerating the cooling fan (12) to stop, thereby shortening the time when the cooling fan (12) does not perform cooling operations on the water tank radiator; waiting for the cooling fan (12)
  • the second clutch mechanism (15) is engaged, and the second inner wheel (10.3) drives the outer gear train (11) to rotate through the second outer wheel (11.2).
  • the pulley (11.12) of the first outer wheel (11.1) The rotating part (11.11) is driven to rotate, thereby driving the cooling fan (12) to reversely suck air from the water tank radiator.
  • each ratchet tooth (9.1) of the eccentric tensioner slides smoothly from the pawl (9.3), and the outer wheel (3 ) can rotate smoothly, and the one-way deceleration mechanism (9) has no deceleration effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种偏心张紧轮及柴油机冷却系统，偏心张紧轮包括内轮（1），内轮（1）的周侧通过轴承（2）转动连接有外轮（3），内轮（1）偏心转动连接在固定基础上，内轮（1）上偏心转动连接有第一轴杆（4），第一轴杆（4）的一端与固定基础固定连接，还包括单向减速机构（9），单向减速机构（9）被装配为当外轮（3）相对内轮（1）沿其中一旋转方向转动时，其驱动外轮（3）相对内轮（1）减速。通过相对固定基础转动内轮（1）即可调整外轮（3）对皮带（11.3）的张紧程度，并且能够实现皮带（11.3）任意程度的张紧；具有单向减速机构（9）的偏心张紧轮能够应用于当反向转动需要制动的轮系当中。

Description

一种偏心张紧轮及柴油机冷却系统 技术领域
本发明涉及柴油机技术领域，具体为一种偏心张紧轮及柴油机冷却系统。
 背景技术
张紧轮是皮带传动的张紧装置，当皮带的中心距不能调节时，可以采用张紧轮将皮带张紧，张紧轮是为了改变皮带轮的包角或控制皮带的张紧力而压在皮带上的随动轮。
现有技术中，一般通过设置多个安装工位来调整张紧轮的安装位置从而实现张紧轮对皮带的持续张紧，但这种调整方式并不能实现皮带任意程度的张紧。
 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种偏心张紧轮及柴油机冷却系统，以解决上述现有技术中的不足之处。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种偏心张紧轮包括内轮，所述内轮的周侧通过轴承转动连接有外轮，所述内轮偏心转动连接在固定基础上。
进一步地，所述外轮为皮带轮、齿带轮或链轮。
进一步地，所述内轮上偏心转动连接有第一轴杆，所述第一轴杆的一端与固定基础固定连接。
进一步地，所述内轮上偏心转动连接有第一轴杆，所述第一轴杆的一端固定连接有摆杆，所述摆杆上转动连接有第二轴杆，所述第二轴杆与固定基础固定连接。
进一步地，所述第一轴杆与内轮之间设置有第一弹性单元，第一弹性单元的弹力驱动内轮相对第一轴杆转动。
进一步地，所述第二轴杆与摆杆之间设置有第二弹性单元，第二弹性单元的弹力驱动摆杆相对第二轴杆转动。
进一步地，还包括单向减速机构，所述单向减速机构被装配为当外轮相对内轮沿其中一旋转方向转动时，其驱动外轮相对内轮减速。
进一步地，所述单向减速机构包括：多个棘齿，其呈圆周阵列设置于所述外轮的内侧；第一摩擦环，其固定套设于所述内轮的周侧，其具有一第一摩擦端面；至少一个棘爪，其弹性转动设置于所述第一摩擦环上，其与各棘齿相配合；第二摩擦环，其沿内轮轴向滑动设置于所述内轮上，其具有一朝向第一摩擦端面的第二摩擦端面；弹性组件，其用于驱使所述第二摩擦环滑动以使第二摩擦端面抵接第一摩擦端面。
进一步地，所述弹性组件包括至少一个导向杆，导向杆的一端固定连接在内轮上，另一端设置有端帽，第二摩擦环滑动设置于导向杆上，导向杆上套设有一压簧，压簧的一端抵接端帽，另一端抵接第二摩擦环。
一种柴油机冷却系统，包括接受柴油机的曲轴驱动的皮带轮系以及上述的偏心张紧轮，皮带轮系的动力输出端驱动柴油机的散热水泵和/或散热风扇运转，所述偏心张紧轮用于涨紧所述皮带轮系的皮带。
在上述技术方案中，本发明提供的一种偏心张紧轮，通过相对固定基础转动内轮即可调整外轮对皮带的张紧程度，并且能够实现皮带任意程度的张紧。
由于上述偏心张紧轮具有上述技术效果，包含该偏心张紧轮的柴油机冷却系统也应具有相应的技术效果。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1-3为本发明实施例提供的偏心张紧轮的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的偏心张紧轮的结构剖视图；
图5-7为本发明另一实施例提供的偏心张紧轮的结构示意图；
图8为本发明另一实施例提供的偏心张紧轮的结构剖视图；
图9-10为本发明实施例提供的柴油机冷却系统的结构示意图；
图11为本发明实施例提供的第一内轮、第一电磁离合器以及第一外轮的连接结构示意图；
图12为本发明实施例提供的第一内轮、第一电磁离合器以及第一外轮的连接结构剖视图。
附图标记说明：
1、内轮；2、轴承；3、外轮；4、第一轴杆；5、摆杆；6、第二轴杆；7、第一弹性单元；8、第二弹性单元；9、单向减速机构；9.1、棘齿；9.2、第一摩擦环；9.3、棘爪；9.4、第二摩擦环；9.5、弹性组件；9.51、导向杆；9.52、端帽；9.53、压簧；10、内侧轮系；10.1、第一内轮；10.2、驱动轮；10.3、第二内轮；10.4、双面多楔带；11、外侧轮系；11.1、第一外轮；11.11、转动部；11.12、带轮；11.13、卡合结构；11.2、第二外轮；11.3、皮带；12、散热风扇；13、散热水泵；14、第一离合机构；14.1、衔铁；15、第二离合机构。
 实施方式
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细介绍。
请参阅图1-12，本发明实施例提供的一种偏心张紧轮包括内轮（1），内轮（1）的周侧通过轴承（2）转动连接有外轮（3），内轮（1）偏心转动连接在固定基础上。进一步地，外轮（3）为皮带（11.3）轮（11.12）、齿带轮（11.12）或链轮。
在上述技术方案中，通过相对固定基础转动内轮（1）即可调整外轮（3）对皮带（11.3）的张紧程度，并且能够实现皮带（11.3）任意程度的张紧。
作为本实施例优选的技术方案，内轮（1）上偏心转动连接有第一轴杆（4），第一轴杆（4）的一端与固定基础固定连接。第一轴杆（4）与内轮（1）之间设置有第一弹性单元（7），第一弹性单元（7）的弹力驱动内轮（1）相对第一轴杆（4）转动。如此，在皮带（11.3）松垮后，第一弹性单元（7）的弹力能够自动对皮带（11.3）进行张紧。具体的，第一弹性单元（7）为第一扭簧，其套设与第一轴杆（4）上，其一端与第一轴杆（4）固定连接，另一端与内轮（1）固定连接。
作为本实施例另一优选的技术方案，内轮（1）上偏心转动连接有第一轴杆（4），第一轴杆（4）的一端固定连接有摆杆（5），摆杆（5）上转动连接有第二轴杆（6），第二轴杆（6）与固定基础固定连接。第一轴杆（4）与内轮（1）之间设置有第一弹性单元（7），第一弹性单元（7）的弹力驱动内轮（1）相对第一轴杆（4）转动，第二轴杆（6）与摆杆（5）之间设置有第二弹性单元（8），第二弹性单元（8）的弹力驱动摆杆（5）相对第二轴杆（6）转动。具体的，第一弹性单元（7）优选为第一扭簧，第二弹性单元（8）为第二扭簧，其套设与第二轴杆（6）上，其一端与第二轴杆（6）固定连接，另一端与摆杆（5）固定连接。如此，在不增大内轮（1）直径的情况下，能够大幅度增加该偏心张紧轮张紧皮带（11.3）的幅度。
本发明能提供的另一个实施例中，参阅图6-8，还包括单向减速机构（9），单向减速机构（9）被装配为当外轮（3）相对内轮（1）沿其中一旋转方向转动时，其驱动外轮（3）相对内轮（1）减速。具体的，单向减速机构（9）包括多个棘齿（9.1）、第一摩擦环（9.2）、至少一个棘爪（9.3）、第二摩擦环（9.4）以及弹性组件（9.5），其中，多个棘齿（9.1）呈圆周阵列设置于外轮（3）的内侧，第一摩擦环（9.2）固定套设于内轮（1）的周侧，第一摩擦环（9.2）具有一第一摩擦端面，棘爪（9.3）弹性转动设置于第一摩擦环（9.2）上，棘爪（9.3）与各棘齿（9.1）相配合，第二摩擦环（9.4）沿内轮（1）轴向滑动设置于内轮（1）上，第二摩擦环（9.4）具有一朝向第一摩擦端面的第二摩擦端面，弹性组件（9.5）用于驱使第二摩擦环（9.4）滑动，以使第二摩擦端面抵接第一摩擦端面。作为优选的，弹性组件（9.5）包括至少一个导向杆（9.51），导向杆（9.51）的一端固定连接在内轮（1）上，另一端设置有端帽（9.52），第二摩擦环（9.4）滑动设置于导向杆（9.51）上，导向杆（9.51）上套设有一压簧（9.53），压簧（9.53）的一端抵接端帽（9.52），另一端抵接第二摩擦环（9.4）。
在本实施例中，当皮带（11.3）带动外轮（3）沿其中一转动方向转动时，各棘齿（9.1）从棘爪（9.3）上顺利滑过，外轮（3）能够顺利转动，当皮带（11.3）带动外轮（3）沿另一转动反向转动时，外轮（3）内壁上的棘齿（9.1）卡住棘爪（9.3），从而带动第一摩擦环（9.2）一起转动，第一摩擦环（9.2）与第二摩擦环（9.4）之间发生摩擦，从而使得皮带（11.3）及外轮（3）减速乃至停止转动。本实施例提供的偏心张紧轮能够应用于当反向转动需要制动的轮系当中。
本发明还提供一种柴油机冷却系统，包括接受柴油机的曲轴驱动的皮带（11.3）轮（11.12）系以及上述的偏心张紧轮，皮带（11.3）轮（11.12）系的动力输出端驱动柴油机的散热水泵（13）和/或散热风扇（12）运转，偏心张紧轮用于涨紧皮带（11.3）轮（11.12）系的皮带（11.3）。参阅图9-10，所述皮带（11.3）轮（11.12）系包括内侧轮系（10）与外侧轮系（11），所述偏心张紧轮数量设置有两个，分别用于张紧内侧轮系（10）与外侧伦系，内侧轮系（10）包括驱动轮（10.2）、第一内轮（10.1）、第二内轮（10.3）以及双面多楔带（10.4），外侧轮系（11）包括第一外轮（11.1）、第二外轮（11.2）以及皮带（11.3），第一内轮（10.1）驱动柴油机的散热水泵（13）运转，第一外轮（11.1）设置有散热风扇（12），驱动轮（10.2）连接在柴油机的曲轴上，接受曲轴的驱动，双面多楔带（10.4）的内侧套设于驱动轮（10.2）与第一内轮（10.1）上，双面多楔带（10.4）的外侧套设于第二内轮（10.3）上，内侧轮系（10）的第一内轮（10.1）驱动柴油机的散热水泵（13）运转，皮带（11.3）套设在第二外轮（11.2）与第一外轮（11.1）上。第一外轮（11.1）与第一内轮（10.1）同轴连接，还包括驱动第一外轮（11.1）与第一内轮（10.1）进行离合的第一离合机构（14），以及驱动第二外轮（11.2）与第二内轮（10.3）进行离合的第二离合机构（15）；当仅第一离合机构（14）吸合时，即第一离合机构（14）使第一内轮（10.1）与第一外轮（11.1）吸合，且第二离合机构（15）脱离吸合时，第一内轮（10.1）通过第一外轮（11.1）驱动散热风扇（12）转动向柴油机的水箱散热器吹风；当仅第二离合机构（15）吸合时，外侧轮系（11）接受第二内轮（10.3）驱动以使散热风扇（12）反转向柴油机的水箱散热器吸风。
在本技术方案中，内侧轮系（10）的通过驱动轮（10.2）接受柴油机的曲轴的驱动，然后通过双面多楔带（10.4）传动至第一内轮（10.1），第一内轮（10.1）驱动柴油机的散热水泵（13）运转，为柴油机散热。当第一离合机构（14）吸合，即第一离合机构（14）使第一内轮（10.1）与第一外轮（11.1）吸合，且第二离合机构（15）脱离吸合时，内侧轮系（10）在驱动散热水泵（13）运转的同时通过第一内轮（10.1）驱动第一外轮（11.1）转动，第一外轮（11.1）驱动散热风扇（12）正转向水箱散热器吹风，从而加速水箱散热器与空气换热。散热风扇（12）向水箱散热器吹风的过程持续较长的时间后，会导致作物的碎末逐渐附着在柴油机的水箱散热器上，当水箱散热器上的作物碎末积累到一定量时，尽管散热风扇（12）向水箱散热器吹风，仍会导致水箱散热器的热量无法散发到空气中。因此此时需要使第一离合机构（14）脱离吸合，第一外轮（11.1）与第一内轮（10.1）之间的传动断开，待散热风扇（12）在风阻下停止转动后，再使第二离合机构（15）吸合，第二外轮（11.2）与第二内轮（10.3）之间进行传动，由于双面多楔带（10.4）的外侧套设在第二内轮（10.3）上的，因此第二内轮（10.3）的转动方向与第一内轮（10.1）的转动方向相反，从而使得第二外轮（11.2）相对第一内轮（10.1）的转动方向相反，第二外轮（11.2）通过传动组件带动第一外轮（11.1）转动，从而实现散热风扇（12）反转向水箱散热器吸风，进而将水箱散热器上附着的作物碎末吸走，促进水箱散热器与空气的换热效率，实现柴油机在不停机、散热水泵（13）不停机的情况下对水箱散热器上的作物碎末进行清理。待水箱散热器上附着的作物碎末被吸干净后，再使第二离合机构（15）脱离吸合、第一离合机构（14）吸合，使散热风扇（12）正转。
作为优选的，双面多楔带（10.4）包括环形的中间带体，中间带体的内外侧错位设置有多条楔棱，相比与传统的中间带体的两侧楔棱对称布置，本方案中的双面多楔带（10.4）既能够实现双面多楔带（10.4）双面传动、防止打滑的效果，又能够增加其强度，使双面多楔带（10.4）不易断裂，大大提高了双面多楔带（10.4）的使用寿命。作为优选的，第一离合机构（14）优选为第一电磁离合器；第二离合机构（15）优选为第二电磁离合器。
本发明提供的再一个实施例中，参阅图11-12，第一外轮（11.1）包括转动部（11.11）与带轮（11.12），带轮（11.12）转动连接在转动部（11.11）上，散热风扇（12）固定安装在转动部（11.11）上，转动部（11.11）与第一内轮（10.1）共轴转动连接，转动部（11.11）与第一电磁离合器的衔铁（14.1）滑动连接，滑动方向为转动部（11.11）的轴向，第一电磁离合器的衔铁（14.1）与带轮（11.12）的端面之间设置有卡合结构（11.13），具体的，卡合结构（11.13）包括至少一个固定连接于第一电磁离合器的衔铁（14.1）上的第一卡接部，以及至少一个固定连接于带轮（11.12）的端面上的第二卡接部；当第一电磁离合器脱离吸合时，第一电磁离合器的衔铁（14.1）在其复位弹簧的弹力作用下滑动靠近带轮（11.12）以使卡合结构（11.13）卡合；当第一电磁离合器吸合时，卡合结构（11.13）脱离卡合。
在本实施例中，当第一电磁离合器吸合时，卡合机构脱离卡合，第一内轮（10.1）通过转动部（11.11）驱动散热风扇（12）正转向水箱散热器吹风，外侧轮系（11）中仅转动部（11.11）转动，包括带轮（11.12）在内的其他部件不转动，因此能够节省内侧轮系（10）的传动功率，节省柴油机的能耗；当水箱散热器上附着了较多的作物碎末后散热性能下降了时，第一离合机构（14）脱离吸合，第一电磁离合器的衔铁（14.1）在其复位弹簧的弹力作用下滑动靠近带轮（11.12）以使卡合结构（11.13）卡合，此时散热风扇（12）剩余的转动惯量既要克服风阻，又要带动原本静止的外侧轮系（11）转动，并且，此时用于张紧外侧轮系（11）的上述偏心张紧轮的单向减速机构（9）发挥减速效果，外侧轮系（11）转动使得偏心张紧轮的外轮（3）相对内轮（1）转动，外轮（3）内壁上的棘齿（9.1）卡住棘爪（9.3），从而带动第一摩擦环（9.2）一起转动，第一摩擦环（9.2）与第二摩擦环（9.4）之间发生摩擦，从而使得皮带（11.3）及外轮（3）迅速减速，从而能够进一步加速散热风扇（12）停下，从而缩短散热风扇（12）未对水箱散热器进行散热作业的时间；待散热风扇（12）停止转动时，使第二离合机构（15）吸合，第二内轮（10.3）通过第二外轮（11.2）带动外侧轮系（11）转动，第一外轮（11.1）的带轮（11.12）带动转动部（11.11）转动，从而带动散热风扇（12）反转向水箱散热器吸风，此时偏心张紧轮的各棘齿（9.1）从棘爪（9.3）上顺利滑过，外轮（3）能够顺利转动，单向减速机构（9）不起到减速效果。
以上只通过说明的方式描述了本发明的某些示范性实施例，毋庸置疑，对于本领域的普通技术人员，在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可以用各种不同的方式对所描述的实施例进行修正。因此，上述附图和描述在本质上是说明性的，不应理解为对本发明权利要求保护范围的限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种偏心张紧轮，其特征在于，包括内轮，所述内轮的周侧通过轴承转动连接有外轮，所述内轮偏心转动连接在固定基础上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种偏心张紧轮，其特征在于，所述外轮为皮带轮、齿带轮或链轮。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种偏心张紧轮，其特征在于，所述内轮上偏心转动连接有第一轴杆，所述第一轴杆的一端与固定基础固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种偏心张紧轮，其特征在于，所述内轮上偏心转动连接有第一轴杆，所述第一轴杆的一端固定连接有摆杆，所述摆杆上转动连接有第二轴杆，所述第二轴杆与固定基础固定连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的一种偏心张紧轮，其特征在于，所述第一轴杆与内轮之间设置有第一弹性单元，第一弹性单元的弹力驱动内轮相对第一轴杆转动。
  6. 根据权利要求5引用权利要求4时所述的一种偏心张紧轮，其特征在于，所述第二轴杆与摆杆之间设置有第二弹性单元，第二弹性单元的弹力驱动摆杆相对第二轴杆转动。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种偏心张紧轮，其特征在于，还包括单向减速机构，所述单向减速机构被装配为当外轮相对内轮沿其中一旋转方向转动时，其驱动外轮相对内轮减速。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种偏心张紧轮，其特征在于，所述单向减速机构包括：
    多个棘齿，其呈圆周阵列设置于所述外轮的内侧；
    第一摩擦环，其固定套设于所述内轮的周侧，其具有一第一摩擦端面；
    至少一个棘爪，其弹性转动设置于所述第一摩擦环上，其与各棘齿相配合；
    第二摩擦环，其沿内轮轴向滑动设置于所述内轮上，其具有一朝向第一摩擦端面的第二摩擦端面；
    弹性组件，其用于驱使所述第二摩擦环滑动以使第二摩擦端面抵接第一摩擦端面。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种偏心张紧轮，其特征在于，所述弹性组件包括至少一个导向杆，导向杆的一端固定连接在内轮上，另一端设置有端帽，第二摩擦环滑动设置于导向杆上，导向杆上套设有一压簧，压簧的一端抵接端帽，另一端抵接第二摩擦环。
  10. 一种柴油机冷却系统，其特征在于，包括接受柴油机的曲轴驱动的皮带轮系以及权利要求1-9任一项所述的偏心张紧轮，皮带轮系的动力输出端驱动柴油机的散热水泵和/或散热风扇运转，所述偏心张紧轮用于涨紧所述皮带轮系的皮带。
PCT/CN2023/079596 2022-04-27 2023-03-03 一种偏心张紧轮及柴油机冷却系统 WO2023207333A1 (zh)

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