WO2023206059A1 - 移相器及其制备方法、电子设备 - Google Patents
移相器及其制备方法、电子设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023206059A1 WO2023206059A1 PCT/CN2022/089214 CN2022089214W WO2023206059A1 WO 2023206059 A1 WO2023206059 A1 WO 2023206059A1 CN 2022089214 W CN2022089214 W CN 2022089214W WO 2023206059 A1 WO2023206059 A1 WO 2023206059A1
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- dielectric substrate
- transmission line
- phase shifter
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 239
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 119
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
- H01P1/184—Strip line phase-shifters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
Definitions
- the present disclosure belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a phase shifter, a preparation method thereof, and electronic equipment.
- the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provide a phase shifter, a preparation method thereof, and electronic equipment.
- the phase shifter further includes: a plurality of first isolation components disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and two end surfaces of the first isolation components are respectively connected to the first substrate and the second substrate.
- the second substrates are offset; at least one orthographic projection of the overlapping capacitor on the first dielectric substrate is located within an orthographic projection of the first isolation component on the first dielectric substrate.
- the orthographic projection of the first transmission line on the first dielectric substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the second isolation component on the first dielectric substrate; the orthographic projection of the second transmission line on the first dielectric substrate is The orthographic projection is located within the orthographic projection of the third isolation component on the first dielectric substrate.
- the phase shifter further includes a spacer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; the spacer is located in the peripheral area and the phase shift area.
- the first isolation component and the spacer are made of the same material.
- the arrangement density of the spacers located in the peripheral area is greater than the arrangement density of the spacers located in the phase shift area.
- the thickness of the first electrode and/or the second electrode is not less than 3 ⁇ m.
- the adjustable dielectric layer includes a liquid crystal layer.
- the phase shifter includes a phase shift region and a peripheral region, and the phase shift region includes a plurality of overlapping regions;
- the step of forming the second substrate includes:
- a second electrode is formed on the second dielectric substrate; the orthographic projections of the first electrode and the second electrode in each of the overlapping areas at least partially overlap, forming a plurality of overlapping capacitors;
- a plurality of first isolation components are formed on the first substrate or the second substrate.
- the two end surfaces of the first isolation components are respectively connected with the The first substrate and the second substrate are offset; an orthographic projection of the overlapping capacitor on the first dielectric substrate is located within an orthographic projection of the first isolation component on the first dielectric substrate.
- the isolation component is formed on the first substrate, and the step of forming the isolation component is between forming the first seed layer and electroplating the first seed layer.
- the second seed layer is electroplated, and then a pattern including the second electrode is formed through a patterning process.
- Figure 1 shows an exemplary phase shifter
- Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B' in Fig. 3 .
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the first isolation component, the second isolation component and the third isolation component in the phase shifter shown in FIG. 6 .
- Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E' in Fig. 9 .
- FIG. 11 is a flow chart of forming a first substrate in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a DC bias voltage can be applied to the first transmission line 11 and the second transmission line 21 to control the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer 30, thereby adjusting the total capacitance per unit length, thereby achieving a better control of the first transmission line 11 and the second transmission line 21.
- the second transmission line 21 outputs the phase shifting effect of the microwave signal.
- the uniformity of the thickness of the first transmission line 11 and the second transmission line 21 and the film thickness of the liquid crystal layer 30 has a decisive influence on the performance of the phase shifter.
- the subsequent processes such as assembling the first substrate and the second substrate to the cell may cause problems such as flow and leakage of the liquid crystal material, thereby affecting the phase shift degree of the phase shifter. Key indicators.
- the following technical solutions are provided in embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the following description takes the adjustable dielectric layer in the embodiment of the present disclosure as the liquid crystal layer 30 as an example.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of B-B' in Figure 3
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of C-C' in Figure 3; as shown in Figure 3-5
- embodiments of the present disclosure provide a phase shifter, which is divided into at least a phase shift area Q1 and a peripheral area Q2, and the phase shift area Q1 includes a plurality of overlapping areas.
- the phase shifter includes a first substrate and a second substrate arranged oppositely, and a liquid crystal layer 30 arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate.
- the first substrate includes a first dielectric substrate 10 and a first electrode 1 disposed on a side of the first dielectric substrate 10 close to the liquid crystal layer 30 .
- the second substrate includes a second dielectric substrate 20 and a second electrode 2 disposed on a side of the second dielectric substrate 20 close to the liquid crystal layer 30 .
- the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are both arranged in the phase shift area Q1, and the orthographic projections of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 on the first dielectric substrate 10 overlap in each overlapping area, forming multiple Overlap capacitor C.
- the embodiment of the present disclosure also includes a plurality of first isolation components 41 located between the first substrate and the second substrate. The two end surfaces of each first isolation component 41 are respectively connected to the first substrate and the second substrate.
- the first electrode 1 in the phase shifter includes a first transmission line 11 extending along the microwave signal transmission direction, and a plurality of first branches connected to the first transmission line 11 and arranged side by side along the microwave signal transmission direction.
- the second electrode 2 includes a second transmission line 21 extending along the microwave signal transmission direction, and a plurality of second branches 22 connected to the second transmission line 21 and arranged side by side along the microwave signal transmission direction.
- the orthographic projections of the end of the first branch 12 away from the first transmission line 11 and the end of the second branch 22 away from the second transmission line 21 on the first dielectric substrate 10 at least partially overlap, forming a structure located in the overlapping area. of capacitance.
- the first branches 12 and the second branches 22 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the orthographic projections of the correspondingly arranged first branches 12 and the second branches 22 on the first dielectric substrate 10 at least partially overlap.
- the one-to-one correspondence between the first branch 12 and the second branch 22 is explained as an example.
- the phase shifter may include a reference electrode located on the side of the first dielectric substrate 10 or the second dielectric substrate 20 away from the liquid crystal layer 30 .
- the reference electrode may be a ground electrode.
- the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 They all at least partially overlap with the orthographic projection of the reference electrode on the first dielectric substrate 10, so that the first electrode 1, the second electrode 2 and the reference electrode can form a current loop.
- the operation of the phase shifter itself does not depend on the reference electrode.
- the phase shifter is integrated into the antenna, it is necessary to set one or more reference electrodes.
- both the first transmission line 11 and the second transmission line 21 can adopt a linear structure, and the two ends of the first transmission line 11 and the second transmission line 21 are aligned respectively, and the line widths are equal.
- the first transmission line 11 and the second transmission line 21 may also be meandering lines, and the shapes of the first transmission line 11 and the second transmission line 21 are not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- each first branch 12 are equal, and the length and width of each second branch 22 are equal.
- each first branch 12 and the corresponding second branch 22 are on the first dielectric substrate 10
- the overlapping areas of the orthographic projections on are equal.
- the overlapping areas of the orthographic projections of each first branch 12 and the corresponding second branch 22 on the first dielectric substrate 10 are at least partially unequal. For example, along the microwave signal transmission direction, each first branch The overlapping area of the orthographic projection of 12 and the corresponding second branch 22 on the first medium base increases or decreases monotonically.
- the first branches 12 have the same length and different widths
- the second branches 22 have the same length and different widths, so that at least part of the first branches 12 and the corresponding parts of the first branches 12 are formed on the first dielectric substrate 10
- the orthographic projections have different overlapping areas.
- the structures of each first branch 12 have the same width and different lengths
- the structures of each second branch 22 have the same width and different lengths, thereby realizing at least part of the first branches 12 and the corresponding structures on the first dielectric substrate 10
- Orthographic projections have unequal overlap areas. The above only enumerates several possible implementation methods, but does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
- first branches 12 is equal
- spacing between adjacently arranged second branches 22 is equal.
- the spacing between the first branches 12 and the spacing between the second branches 22 may be equal.
- a first isolation component 41 is located in a closed space defined by the first substrate and the second substrate, and a first isolation component 41 is provided with a positive electrode on the first dielectric substrate 10 .
- the first isolation components 41 are arranged side by side along the transmission direction of the microwave signal, effectively separating the liquid crystal materials corresponding to each overlapping capacitance C.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 7 is a diagram of the first isolation component 41 , the second isolation component 42 and the third isolation component in the phase shifter shown in FIG. 6
- Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of D-D' in Figure 6; as shown in Figures 6-8, the phase shifter not only includes the above-mentioned first isolation component 41, but also includes a component disposed on the first substrate and the third
- the second isolation component 42 and the third isolation component 43 are between the two substrates and extend along the transmission direction of the microwave signal.
- the first isolation component 41 is connected with both the second isolation component 42 and the third isolation component 43 .
- the orthographic projection of the first transmission line 11 on the first dielectric substrate 10 is located within the orthographic projection of the second isolation component 42 on the first dielectric substrate 10 .
- the orthographic projection of the second transmission line 21 on the first dielectric substrate 10 is located within the orthographic projection of the third isolation component 43 on the first dielectric substrate 10 .
- the reason for this arrangement is that since both the first electrode 1 (first transmission line 11 + first branch 12) and the second electrode 2 (second transmission line 21 + second branch 22) have a certain thickness, the second isolation component 42.
- the third isolation component 43 is connected with the first isolation component 41 to form an isolation component with an integrated structure.
- the first transmission line 11, the first branch 12, the second transmission line 21 and the second branch 22 are located in the isolation component.
- the two end surfaces of the isolation component When the two end surfaces of the isolation component are against the first substrate and the second substrate respectively, they avoid the locations of the first transmission line 11, the first branch 12, the second transmission line 21 and the second branch 22. Therefore, the two end surfaces of the isolation component It can be in complete contact with the first substrate and the second substrate respectively, thereby effectively separating the liquid crystal material corresponding to the overlapping capacitor C.
- First dielectric substrate 10 First branch 12 Second branch 22 First branch 12 First transmission line 11 Second branch 22 Second transmission line 21
- Figure 9 is a top view of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 of another phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of E-E' in Figure 9
- the first electrode 1 in the phase shifter may include a first transmission line 11 and a second transmission line 21 extending along the microwave signal transmission direction and arranged side by side
- the second electrode 2 may include a first transmission line 11 and a second transmission line 21 extending along the microwave signal transmission direction.
- Multiple patch structures 23 arranged side by side.
- the two ends of the patch structure 23 at least partially overlap with the orthographic projections of the first transmission line 11 and the second transmission line 21 on the first dielectric substrate 10 respectively, that is, a plurality of overlapping capacitors C located in the overlapping area are formed.
- a biased DC voltage can be applied to the first transmission line 11 , the second transmission line 21 and the patch structure 23 , so that at least at the overlapping position of the patch structure 23 and the first transmission line 11 and the second transmission line 21
- An electric field is formed to drive the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 30 to deflect and change the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer 30, thereby achieving phase shift of the microwave signals transmitted by the first transmission line 11 and the second transmission line 21.
- a first isolation component 41 is provided with two overlapping capacitors C.
- the two overlapping capacitors C are orthogonally overlapped with the first transmission line 11 and the second transmission line 21 by a patch structure 23 The resulting overlap capacitance C.
- the phase shifter may also include a second isolation component 42 and a third isolation component 43.
- the second isolation component 42 and the third isolation component 43 may be combined with the second isolation component 43 in the above-mentioned phase shifter.
- the structures of the isolation component 42 and the third isolation component 43 are the same and will not be repeated here.
- each patch structure 23 can adopt the same structure.
- the orthogonal projected area of each patch structure 23 and the first transmission line 11 on the first dielectric substrate 10 is equal, and each patch structure 23 and the second transmission line have the same area.
- the orthographic projected areas of 21 on the second dielectric substrate 20 are equal.
- the overlapping position of the orthographic projection of the first end and the first transmission line 11 on the first dielectric substrate 10 is the first
- the overlapping position of the area, the second end portion and the orthographic projection of the second transmission line 21 on the first dielectric substrate 10 is the second area, and the areas of the first area and the second area are equal.
- each patch structure 23 has the same width but different lengths, and the length of the first area in the transmission direction of the microwave signal increases or decreases monotonically; another example: each patch structure 23 has the same length but unequal width, and the length of the first area of the microwave signal transmission direction The width of the first area in the transmission direction increases or decreases monotonically.
- a patch structure 23 includes a first end and a second end that are oppositely arranged.
- the overlapping position of the first end and the orthographic projection of the first transmission line 11 on the first dielectric substrate 10 is the first area
- the second The overlapping position of the end portion and the orthographic projection of the second transmission line 21 on the first dielectric substrate 10 is the second area, and the areas of the first area and the second area are different. It is not necessary to enumerate every situation here.
- the spacing between each patch structure 23 is equal. In some examples, the spacing between at least some of the patch structures 23 is unequal, for example: the patch structures located at both ends along the microwave signal transmission direction. The spacing between the patch structures 23 is larger than the spacing between the patch structures 23 located in the middle. For another example: along the microwave signal transmission direction, the spacing between the patch structures 23 increases or decreases monotonically.
- first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 in several phase shifters are only given above, but these are only exemplary implementations and do not limit the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All implementation structures that can achieve phase shifting of microwave signals are within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the phase shifter may further include a spacer 50 disposed between the first dielectric substrate 10 and the second dielectric substrate 20 .
- spacers 50 are provided in both the peripheral area Q2 and the phase shift area Q1 of the phase shifter to maintain the cell thickness of the phase shifter (accommodating space for the liquid crystal layer 30). Since the first isolation component 41 , the second isolation component 42 and the third isolation component 43 are disposed in the phase shifting region Q1 , the first isolation component 41 , the second isolation component 42 and the third isolation component 43 are all in contact with the first substrate and the third isolation component 43 . The two substrates offset each other, so they can also maintain the cell thickness.
- the number of spacers 50 in the phase shifter can be reduced.
- the arrangement density of the spacers 50 in the phase shift area Q1 is designed to be smaller than the arrangement density of the spacers 50 in the peripheral area Q2.
- the arrangement density of spacers 50 refers to the number of spacers 50 provided per unit area.
- the distance between adjacent spacers 50 is approximately 500-600 ⁇ m.
- the radius of the orthographic projection of the spacer 50 on the first dielectric substrate 10 is about 20-30 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 can be above 3 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 can be reduced.
- the resistance of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 can thereby reduce the transmission loss of the microwave signal and increase the intensity of the microwave signal.
- the phase shifter not only includes the above structure, but also may include a first bias voltage line that provides a DC bias voltage for the first electrode 1, and provides a DC bias voltage for the second electrode 2.
- the second bias voltage line for setting the voltage, the first alignment layer provided on the side of the first electrode 1 facing away from the first dielectric substrate 10, and the second alignment layer on the side of the second electrode 2 facing away from the second dielectric substrate 20, etc., are This will not be listed one by one.
- embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for manufacturing a phase shifter, which method can prepare any of the above-mentioned phase shifters.
- the preparation method includes the steps of forming a first substrate and a second substrate, assembling the first substrate and the second substrate, and filling an adjustable dielectric between them; wherein, the phase shifter It includes a phase-shifting area Q1 and a peripheral area Q2, and the phase-shifting area Q1 includes multiple overlapping areas.
- the step of forming the first substrate includes: providing a first dielectric substrate 10 and forming a first electrode 1 on the first dielectric substrate 10, where the first electrode 1 is located in the phase shift region Q1.
- the step of forming the second substrate includes: providing a second dielectric substrate 20; forming a second electrode 2 on the second dielectric substrate 20; orthographic projections of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 in each overlapping area at least partially overlap, forming Multiple overlapping capacitors C.
- the preparation method of the embodiment of the present disclosure also includes: forming a plurality of first isolation components 41 on the first substrate or the second substrate. After the first substrate and the second substrate are assembled, the first isolation components 41 are formed. The two end surfaces of 41 offset the first substrate and the second substrate respectively; the orthographic projection of an overlapping capacitor C on the first dielectric substrate 10 is located at the intersection of the orthographic projection of a first isolation component 41 on the first dielectric substrate 10 Stacked capacitor C.
- the phase shifter is assumed to be the phase shifter shown in FIG. 6 below, and the phase shifter includes a first isolation component 41, a second isolation component 42 and a third isolation component 42.
- the isolation component 43 as an example, the preparation method of the phase shifter according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.
- Figure 11 is a flow chart of forming the first substrate in an embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in Figure 11, the steps of forming the first substrate include:
- the first dielectric substrate 10 includes but is not limited to a glass substrate.
- the material of the first bias signal line includes but is not limited to indium tin oxide ITO, with a thickness of about.
- the material of the first metal film includes but is not limited to copper.
- a first auxiliary metal layer may also be formed to enhance the adhesion of the first metal film.
- the material of the first auxiliary metal layer includes but is not limited to molybdenum.
- first dielectric substrate 10 On the first dielectric substrate 10 that has completed the above steps, form a first resin layer, and form a first isolation component 41, a second isolation component 42, a third isolation component 43 and a spacer 50 through a patterning process. graphics. Wherein, the spacer 50 is cylindrical.
- the steps of forming the second substrate include:
- the second dielectric substrate 20 includes but is not limited to a glass substrate.
- the material of the second bias signal line includes but is not limited to indium tin oxide ITO, with a thickness of about.
- the material of the second metal film includes but is not limited to copper.
- a second auxiliary metal layer may also be formed to enhance the adhesion of the second metal film.
- the material of the second auxiliary metal layer includes but is not limited to molybdenum.
- a second organic resin layer is formed through a patterning process to form a pattern including the retaining wall 60.
- the pattern of the retaining wall 60 is consistent with the first isolation component 41, the second isolation component 42 and the The shapes of the third isolation components 43 may be the same to ensure the topography of the second electrode 2 formed by electroplating the second seed layer.
- the second substrate is now completed.
- inventions of the present disclosure further provide an electronic device.
- the electronic device may include an antenna, and the antenna may include the above-mentioned phase shifter.
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Abstract
本公开提供一种移相器及其制备方法、电子设备,属于通信技术领域。本公开移相器,其包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板,以及设置在第一基板和第二基板之间的可调电介质层和多个第一隔离组件;第一基板包括第一介质基板,设置在第一介质基板靠近可调电介质层一侧的第一电极;第二基板包括第二介质基板,设置在第二介质基板靠近可调电介质层一侧的第二电极;移相器具有移相区和周边区;移相区包括多个交叠区域;第一电极和第二电极均位于移相区,且第一电极和第二电极在第一介质基板上的正投影在各交叠区域至少部分重叠,以形成多个交叠电容;至少一个交叠电容在第一介质基板上的正投影位于一个第一隔离组件在第一介质基板上的正投影内。
Description
本公开属于通信技术领域,具体涉及一种移相器及其制备方法、电子设备。
现今的液晶移相器结构,在对盒后的上玻璃基板引入周期性的贴片电容加载,可变电容的调节是通过调节异面两金属板上加载的电压差驱动液晶分子偏转,得到不同的液晶材料特性,对应到电容的容值可变,从而实现对馈入的微波信号的相位进行调整。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一,提供一种移相器及其制备方法、电子设备。
第一方面,本公开实施例提供一种移相器,其包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板,以及设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的可调电介质层;所述第一基板包括第一介质基板,设置在所述第一介质基板靠近所述可调电介质层一侧的第一电极;所述第二基板包括第二介质基板,设置在所述第二介质基板靠近所述可调电介质层一侧的第二电极;
所述移相器具有移相区和周边区;所述移相区包括多个交叠区域;所述第一电极和所述第二电极均位于所述移相区,且所述第一电极和所述第二电极在所述第一介质基板上的正投影在各所述交叠区域至少部分重叠,以形成多个交叠电容;
所述移相器还包括:设置在第一基板和所述第二基板之间的多个第一隔离组件,且所述第一隔离组件的两个端面分别与所述第一基板和所述第二基板相抵;至少一个所述交叠电容在所述第一介质基板上的正投影位于一个所述第一隔离组件在所述第一介质基板上的正投影内。
其中,所述第一电极包括并排设置、且沿微波信号的传输方向延伸的第一传输线、第二传输线;所述第二电极包括沿所述微波信号传输方向并排设 置的多个贴片结构,且任一所述贴片结构的两端部分别与所述第一传输线和所述第二传输线在所述第一介质基板上的正投影至少部分重叠,形成位于所述交叠区域的所述交叠电容。
其中,所述第一电极包括沿微波信号的传输方向延伸的第一传输线,以及连接在所述第一传输线、且在所述微波信号的传输方向上并排设置的多个第一分支;所述第二电极包括沿所述微波信号的传输方向延伸的第二传输线,以及连接在所述二传输线、且在所述微波信号的传输方向上并排设置的多个第二分支;一个所述第一分支背离所述第一传输线的端部与一个所述第二分支背离所述第二传输线的端部在所述第一介质基板上的正投影至少部分重叠,形成位于所述交叠区域的交叠电容。4.根据权利要求2或3所述的移相器,其中,还包括设置在第一基板和第二基板之间,且沿所述微波信号的传输方向上延伸的第二隔离组件和第三隔离组件,且所述第一隔离组件与所述第二隔离组件和所述第三隔离组件均连通;
所述第一传输线在所述第一介质基板上的正投影位于所述第二隔离组件在所述第一介质基板上的正投影内;所述第二传输线在所述第一介质基板上的正投影位于所述第三隔离组件在所述第一介质基板上的正投影内。
其中,所述移相器还包括设置在第一基板和第二基板之间的隔垫物;所述隔垫物位于所述周边区和所述移相区。
其中,所述第一隔离组件与所述隔垫物材料相同。
其中,位于所述周边区的所述隔垫物的排布密度大于位于所述移相区的所述隔垫物的排布密度。
其中,所述第一电极和/或所述第二电极的厚度不小于3μm。
其中,所述可调电介质层包括液晶层。
第二方面,本公开实施例提供一种移相器的制备方法,其包括:形成第一基板和第二基板,以及将所述第一基板和所述第二基板对盒,并在二者之间填充可调电介质的步骤;其中,
所述移相器包括移相区和周边区,所述移相区包括多个交叠区域;
形成所述第一基板的步骤包括:
提供第一介质基板;
在所述第一介质基板上形成第一电极,所述第一电极位于所述移相区;
形成所述第二基板的步骤包括:
提供第二介质基板;
在所述第二介质基板上形成第二电极;所述第一电极和所述第二电极在各所述交叠区域的正投影至少部分重叠,形成多个交叠电容;
所述制备方法还包括:
在所述第一基板或者所述第二基板上形成多个第一隔离组件,当所述第一基板和所述第二基板对盒后,所述第一隔离组件的两个端面分别与所述第一基板和所述第二基板相抵;一个所述交叠电容在所述第一介质基板上的正投影位于一个所述第一隔离组件在所述第一介质基板上的正投影内。
其中,所述在所述第一介质基板上形成第一电极的步骤包括:
在所述第一介质基板上形成第一金属薄膜,并通过构图工艺形成第一金属图案,作为第一种子层;
对第一种子层进行电镀,之后通过构图工艺形成包括第一电极的图形。
其中,所述隔离组件形成在所述第一基板上,且形成所述隔离组件的步骤位于形成所述第一种子层和对第一种子层进行电镀之间。
其中,所述在所述第二介质基板上形成第二电极的步骤包括:
在所述第二介质基板上形成第二金属薄膜,并通过构图工艺形成第二金属图案,作为第二种子层;
对第二种子层进行电镀,之后通过构图工艺形成包括第二电极的图形。
其中,所述隔离组件形成在所述第二基板上,且形成所述隔离组件的步骤位于形成所述第二种子层和对第二种子层进行电镀之间。
第三方面,本公开实施例提供一种电子设备,其包括上述任一移相器。
图1为一种示例性的移相器。
图2为图1的A-A'的剖面图。
图3为本公开实施例的一种移相器的示意图。
图4为图3的B-B'的剖面图。
图5为图3的C-C'的剖面图。
图6为本公开实施例的另一种移相器的示意图。
图7为图6所示的移相器中的第一隔离组件、第二隔离组件和第三隔离组件的示意图。
图8为图6的D-D'的剖面图。
图9为本公开实施例的另一种移相器的第一电极和第二电极的俯视图。
图10为图9的E-E'的剖面图。
图11为本公开实施例中形成第一基板的流程图。
图12为本公开实施例中形成第二基板的流程图。
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。
除非另外定义,本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样,“一个”、“一”或者“该”等类似词语也不表示数量限制,而是表示存在至少一个。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同,而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接,而是可以包括电性的连接,不管是直接的还是间接的。 “上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系,当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后,则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
图1为一种示例性的移相器;图2为图1的A-A'的剖面图;如图1和2所示,该移相器包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板,以及设置在第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶层30。第一基板包括第一介质基板10,设置在第一介质基板10靠近液晶层30一侧的第一电极1。其中,第一电极1包括沿微波信号传输方向延伸的第一传输线11,以及连接在第一传输线11上、且沿微波信号传输方向并排设置的多个第一分支12。第二电极2包括沿微波信号传输方向延伸的第二传输线21,以及连接在第二传输线21上、且沿微波信号传输方向并排设置的多个第二分支22。其中,一个第一分支12远离第一传输线11的端部和一个第二分支22远离第二传输线21的端部在第一介质基板10上的正投影至少部分重叠,形成位于所述交叠区域的交叠电容C。例如:第一分支12和第二分支22一一对应设置,且对应设置的第一分支12和第二分支22在第一介质基板10上正投影至少部分重叠。在该种情况下,可以给第一传输线11和第二传输线21上施加直流偏置电压,以控制液晶层30的介电常数,从而调节单位长度的总电容,进而达到对第一传输线11和第二传输线21输出微波信号的移相作用。其中,第一传输线11、第二传输线21的厚度及液晶层30的膜层厚度的均一性对移相器的性能有着决定性的影响。但是由于液晶层30的液晶材料具有一定的流动性,故在第一基板和第二基板对盒等后段工艺会造成液晶材料的流动和泄露等问题,从而影响移相器的移相度等关键指标。
针对上述技术问题至少之一,在本公开实施例中提供如下技术方案。在对本公开实施例的移相器进行介绍之前,需要说明的是,以下以本公开实施例中的可调电介质层为液晶层30为例进行描述。
第一方面,图3为本公开实施例的一种移相器的示意图;图4为图3的B-B'的剖面图;图5为图3的C-C'的剖面图;如图3-5所示,本公开实施例提供一种移相器,其至少划分为移相区Q1和周边区Q2,移相区Q1中包括多个交叠区域。该移相器包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板,以及设 置在第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶层30。第一基板包括第一介质基板10,设置在第一介质基板10靠近液晶层30一侧的第一电极1。第二基板包括第二介质基板20,设置在第二介质基板20靠近液晶层30一侧的第二电极2。第一电极1和第二电极2均设置在移相区Q1,且第一电极1和第二电极2在第一介质基板10上的正投影在各交叠区域均存在交叠,形成多个交叠电容C。特别的是,在本公开实施例中还包括位于第一基板和第二基板之间的多个第一隔离组件41,各第一隔离组件41的两个端面分别与第一基板和第二基板相抵,交叠电容C至少一个交叠电容C在第一介质基板10上的正投影位于一个第一隔离组件41在第一介质基板10上的正投影内。例如:一个交叠电容C在第一介质基板10上的正投影位于一个第一隔离组件41在第一介质基板10上的正投影内。
在本公开实施例中,由于通过第一隔离组件41和第一基板、第二基板相抵,将各交叠电容C分隔开,此时,交叠电容C的两个极板之间的液晶材料将会被限制在第一隔离组件41内,从而可以有效的避免相邻交叠电容C间的液晶材料流动和泄露,影响移相器移相度等关键指标的问题。
在一个示例中,移相器中的第一电极1包括沿微波信号传输方向延伸的第一传输线11,以及连接在第一传输线11上、且沿微波信号传输方向并排设置的多个第一分支12。第二电极2包括沿微波信号传输方向延伸的第二传输线21,以及连接在第二传输线21上、且沿微波信号传输方向并排设置的多个第二分支22。其中,一个第一分支12远离第一传输线11的端部和一个第二分支22远离第二传输线21的端部在第一介质基板10上的正投影至少部分重叠,形成位于所述交叠区域的电容。例如:第一分支12和第二分支22一一对应设置,且对应设置的第一分支12和第二分支22在第一介质基板10上正投影至少部分重叠。在本公开实施例中,第一分支12和第二分支22一一对应为例进行说明。
需要说明的是,移相器中可以包括位于第一介质基板10或者第二介质基板20背离液晶层30一侧的参考电极,该参考电极可以为接地电极,第一电极1和第二电极2均与参考电极在第一介质基板10上的正投影至少部分 重叠,以使第一电极1、第二电极2和参考电极三者能够形成电流回路。但应当理解的是,对于移相器本身其工作并不依赖于参考电极的,当将移相器集成在天线中时,则设置一个或者多个参考电极则是必须的。
进一步的,当移相器采用上述结构时,其中的第一传输线11和第二传输线21均可以采用直线型结构,第一传输线11和第二传输线21的两端分别对齐,且线宽相等。当然,第一传输线11和第二传输线21也可以为蜿蜒线,在本公开实施例中并不对第一传输线11和第二传输线21的形状进行限定。
进一步的,各第一分支12的长度和宽度均相等,各第二分支22的长度和宽度均相等,此时,各第一分支12和与之对应的第二分支22在第一介质基板10上的正投影的交叠面积相等。在一些示例中,各第一分支12和与之对应的第二分支22在第一介质基板10上的正投影的交叠面积至少部分不等,例如:沿微波信号传输方向,各第一分支12和与之对应的第二分支22在第一介质基上的正投影的交叠面积单调增或者单调减。
在一个示例中,各第一分支12的长度相等,宽度不等,各第二分支22的长度相等,宽度不等,从而实现至少部分第一分支12和与之对应在第一介质基板10上的正投影的交叠面积不等。或者,各第一分支12结构的宽度相等,长度不等,各第二分支22结构的宽度相等,长度不等,从而实现至少部分第一分支12和与之对应在第一介质基板10上的正投影的交叠面积不等。以上仅列举了几种可实现的方式,但并不构成对本公开实施例保护范围的限制。
进一步的,相邻设置的第一分支12之间的间距相等,相邻设置的第二分支22之间的间距相等。当第一分支12和第二分支22一一对应设置时,第一分支12之间的间距和第二分支22之间的间距可以相等。
在一些示例中,参照图3,一个第一隔离组件41和第一基板、第二基板所限定的一个封闭空间内,且一个第一隔离组件41内设置有在第一介质基板10上的正投影存在交叠的一个第一分支12和一个第二分支22,也即 第一隔离组件41与交叠电容C高一一对应设置。在该种情况下,沿微波信号的传输方向各第一隔离组件41并排设置,有效的将各个交叠电容C对应的液晶材料分隔开来。
在一些示例中,图6为本公开实施例的另一种移相器的示意图;图7为图6所示的移相器中的第一隔离组件41、第二隔离组件42和第三隔离组件43的示意图;图8为图6的D-D'的剖面图;如图6-8所示,该移相器中不仅包括上述的第一隔离组件41,而且还包括设置在第一基板和第二基板之间,且沿微波信号的传输方向延伸的第二隔离组件42和第三隔离组件43。第一隔离组件41与第二隔离组件42和第三隔离组件43均连通。其中,第一传输线11在第一介质基板10上的正投影位于第二隔离组件42在第一介质基板10上的正投影内。第二传输线21在第一介质基板10上的正投影位于第三隔离组件43在第一介质基板10上的正投影内。之所以如此设置是因为,由于第一电极1(第一传输线11+第一分支12)和第二电极2(第二传输线21+第二分支22)均具有一定的厚度,将第二隔离组件42、第三隔离组件43均与第一隔离组件41联通,形成为一个一体结构的隔离组件,第一传输线11、第一分支12、第二传输线21和第二分支22位于该隔离组件内,该隔离组件的两个端面分别与第一基板和第二基板相抵时,避开第一传输线11、第一分支12、第二传输线21和第二分支22所在位置,因此隔离组件的两个端面分别与第一基板和第二基板均可以完全接触,从而有效的将交叠电容C所对应的液晶材料分隔开。
第一介质基板10第一分支12第二分支22第一分支12第一传输线11第二分支22第二传输线21
在另一个示例中,图9为本公开实施例的另一种移相器的第一电极1和第二电极2的俯视图;图10为图9的E-E'的剖面图;如图9和10所示,该移相器中的第一电极1可以包括沿微波信号传输方向延伸、且并排设置的第一传输线11和第二传输线21;相应的,第二电极2可以包括沿微波信号传输方向并排设置的多个贴片结构23。贴片结构23的两个端部分别与第一传输线11和第二传输线21在第一介质基板10上的正投影至少部分重叠, 也即形成位于交叠区域的多个交叠电容C。在该种情况下,可以通过给第一传输线11、第二传输线21和贴片结构23施加偏执直流电压,以使至少在贴片结构23和第一传输线11、第二传输线21的交叠位置形成电场,以驱动液晶层30的液晶分子偏转,改变液晶层30的介电常数,从而实现对第一传输线11和第二传输线21所传输的微波信号进行移相。
在该种情况下,一个第一隔离组件41内设置有两个交叠电容C,这个两个交叠电容C为由一个贴片结构23与第一传输线11和第二传输线21正投影交叠所形成的交叠电容C。当然,在该种示例中,移相器中也可以包括第二隔离组件42和第三隔离组件43,同样,第二隔离组件42和第三隔离组件43可以与上述移相器中的第二隔离组件42和第三隔离组件43的结构相同,在此不再重复赘述。
进一步的,当移相器采用上述结构时,其中的第一传输线11和第二传输线21均可以采用直线型结构,第一传输线11和第二传输线21的两端分别对齐,且线宽相等。当然,第一传输线11和第二传输线21也可以为蜿蜒线,在本公开实施例中并不对第一传输线11和第二传输线21的形状进行限定。
在一些示例中,各个贴片结构23可以采用相同的结构,此时各个贴片结构23与第一传输线11在第一介质基板10上的正投影面积相等,各个贴片结构23与第二传输线21在第二介质基板20上的正投影面积相等。进一步的,对于一个贴片结构23,其包括相对设置的第一端部和第二端部,第一端部和第一传输线11在第一介质基板10上的正投影的重叠位置为第一区域,第二端部和第二传输线21在第一介质基板10上的正投影的重叠位置为第二区域,第一区域和第二区域的面积相等。
在一些示例中,如图9所示,各贴片结构23也可以采用不同的结构,此时,各个贴片结构23与第一传输线11在第一介质基板10上的正投影中的至少部分面积不等,各个贴片结构23与第二传输线21在第二介质基板20上的正投影中的至少部分面积不等。例如:对于一个贴片结构23,其包括相对设置的第一端部和第二端部,第一端部和第一传输线11在第一介质 基板10上的正投影的重叠位置为第一区域,第二端部和第二传输线21在第一介质基板10上的正投影的重叠位置为第二区域,第一区域和第二区域的面积相等。沿微波信号传输方向,各第一区域的面积单调增或者单调减,各第二区域的面积单调增或者单调减。例如:各个贴片结构23的宽度相等,长度不等,微波信号的传输方向第一区域的长度单调增或者单调减;再例如:各个贴片结构23的长度相等,宽度不等,微波信号的传输方向第一区域的宽度单调增或者单调减。以上仅给出几种第一传输线11、第二传输线21和贴片结构23之间的位置关系,但这些均不构成对本公开实施例的保护范围的限制,在一些示例中,还可以是对于一个贴片结构23,其包括相对设置的第一端部和第二端部,第一端部和第一传输线11在第一介质基板10上的正投影的重叠位置为第一区域,第二端部和第二传输线21在第一介质基板10上的正投影的重叠位置为第二区域,第一区域和第二区域的面积不等。在此不对每一种情况一一进行列举。
在一些示例中,各个贴片结构23之间的间距均相等,在一些示例中,至少部分贴片结构23之间的间距的不等,例如:沿微波信号传输方向,位于两端的贴片结构23之间的间距大于位于中间的贴片结构23之间的间距。再例如:沿微波信号传输方向,贴片结构23之间的间距单调增或者单调减。
需要说明的是,以上仅给出了几种移相器中的第一电极1和第二电极2的结构,但这些均只是示例的实现方式,均不构成对本公开实施例保护范围的限制,只要能够实现对微波信号移相的所有实现结构均在本公开实施例的保护范围内。
在一个示例中,无论采用上述任一架构的移相器,该移相器还可以包括设置在第一介质基板10和第二介质基板20之间的隔垫物50。其中,在移相器的周边区Q2和移相区Q1均设置有隔垫物50,用以维持移相器的盒厚(液晶层30的容置空间)。由于在移相区Q1中设置第一隔离组件41、第二隔离组件42和第三隔离组件43,第一隔离组件41、第二隔离组件42和第三隔离组件43均与第一基板和第二基板相抵,故同样也可以起到维持盒厚的作用,在该种情况下,可以减少移相器中的隔垫物50的数量。例如:将 移相区Q1中的隔垫物50的排布密度设计为小于周边区Q2中的隔垫物50的排布密度。隔垫物50的排布密度是指,单位面积下设置隔垫物50的数量。
进一步的,当位于移相区Q1和周边区Q2的隔垫物50呈阵列排布时,相邻设置的隔垫物50之间的间距大约在500-600μm。隔垫物50在第一介质基板10上的正投影的半径在20-30μm左右。
在一个示例中,无论采用上述任一架构的移相器,第一电极1和第二电极2的厚度均可以在3μm以上,通过设计较厚的第一电极1和第二电极2,可降低第一电极1和第二电极2的电阻,从而可以减小微波信号的传输损耗,提高微波信号的强度。当然,对于上述任一移相器,该移相器中不仅包括上述结构,而且还可以包括为第一电极1提供直流偏置电压的第一偏置电压线,为第二电极2提供直流偏置电压的第二偏置电压线,以及设置在第一电极1背离第一介质基板10一侧的第一配向层,以及第二电极2背离第二介质基板20的第二配向层等,在此不再一一列举。
第二方面,本公开实施例的提供一种移相器的制备方法,该方法可制备上述任一移相器。该制备方法包括:形成第一基板和第二基板,以及将所述第一基板和所述第二基板对盒,并在二者之间填充可调电介质的步骤;其中,所述移相器包括移相区Q1和周边区Q2,所述移相区Q1包括多个交叠区域。
形成第一基板的步骤包括:提供第一介质基板10,在第一介质基板10上形成第一电极1,所述第一电极1位于所述移相区Q1。
形成第二基板的步骤包括:提供第二介质基板20;在第二介质基板20上形成第二电极2;第一电极1和第二电极2在各交叠区域的正投影至少部分重叠,形成多个交叠电容C。
特别的是,本公开实施例的制备方法还包括:在第一基板或者第二基板上形成多个第一隔离组件41,当第一基板和所述第二基板对盒后,第一隔离组件41的两个端面分别与第一基板和第二基板相抵;一个交叠电容C在第一介质基板10上的正投影位于一个第一隔离组件41在第一介质基板10上的正投影内交叠电容C。
为了更清楚本公开实施例的中移相器的制备方法,以下以移相器为图6所示的移相器,且移相器包括第一隔离组件41、第二隔离组件42和第三隔离组件43为例,对本公开实施例的移相器的制备方法进行说明。
S1、形成第一基板。
具体的,图11为本公开实施例中形成第一基板的流程图;如图11所示,形成第一基板的步骤包括:
S11、提供第一介质基板10。
其中,第一介质基板10包括但不限于玻璃基。
S12、在第一介质基板10上,通过构图工艺形成包括第一偏置信号线的图形。
S13、在完成上述步骤的第一介质基板10上,形成第一金属薄膜,并通过构图工艺形成第一金属图案;第一金属图案与待形成第一电极1的图案相同;并将第一金属图案作为第一种子层120。
其中,第一金属薄膜的材料包括但不限于铜。
需要说明的是,在形成第一金属薄膜之前还可以形成一层第一辅助金属层,以增强第一金属薄膜的附着力,第一辅助金属层的材料包括但不限于钼。
S14、在完成上述步骤的第一介质基板10上,乘形成第一树脂层,并通过构图工艺形成包括第一隔离组件41、第二隔离组件42、第三隔离组件43和隔垫物50的图形。其中,隔垫物50呈圆柱状。
S15、对完成上述步骤的第一种子层120进行电镀,形成第一电极1的第一传输线11和第一分支12。
S16、在完成上述步骤的第一介质基板10上,通过Inkiet工艺形成第一配向层,并通过OA设备对第一配向层进行光配向,这样可以保证第一配向层形成的均一性。
至此完成第一基板的制备。
形成第二基板的步骤包括:
S21、提供一第二介质基板20。
其中,第二介质基板20包括但不限于玻璃基。
S22、在第二介质基板20上,通过构图工艺形成包括第二偏置信号线的图形。
S23、在完成上述步骤的第二介质基板20上,形成第二金属薄膜,并通过构图工艺形成第二金属图案;第二金属图案与待形成第二电极2的图案相同;并将第一金属图案作为第二种子层220。
其中,第二金属薄膜的材料包括但不限于铜。
需要说明的是,在形成第二金属薄膜之前还可以形成一层第二辅助金属层,以增强第二金属薄膜的附着力,第二辅助金属层的材料包括但不限于钼。
S24、在完成上述步骤的第二介质基板20上,第二有机树脂层,并通过构图工艺形成包括挡墙60的图形,挡墙60的图案与第一隔离组件41、第二隔离组件42和第三隔离组件43所构成的的形状可以相同,用以保证电镀第二种子层所形成的第二电极2的形貌。
S25、对完成上述步骤的第二种子层220进行电镀,形成第二电极2的第二传输线21和第二分支22,并去除挡墙60。
S26、在完成上述步骤的第二介质基板20上,通过Inkiet工艺形成第二配向层,并通过OA设备对第二配向层进行光配向,这样可以保证第二配向层形成的均一性。
至此完成第二基板。
在形成第一基板和第二基板之后,在第一基板上进行灌晶,之后将第一基板和第二基板对盒,以形成移相器。
需要说明的是,也可以将第一隔离组件41、第二隔离组件42、第三隔离组件43和隔垫物50形成在第二基板上,所采用的工艺与形成在第一基板上的工艺相同,故在此不再重复赘述。
第三方面,本公开实施例还提供一种电子设备,该电子设备中可以包括天线,天线中可以包括上述的移相器。
本公开实施例提供的天线还包括收发单元、射频收发机、信号放大器、功率放大器、滤波单元。该天线可以作为发送天线,也可以作为接收天线。其中,收发单元可以包括基带和接收端,基带提供至少一个频段的信号,例如提供2G信号、3G信号、4G信号、5G信号等,并将至少一个频段的信号发送给射频收发机。而天线中的天线接收到信号后,可以经过滤波单元、功率放大器、信号放大器、射频收发机的处理后传输给首发单元中的接收端,接收端例如可以为智慧网关等。
进一步地,射频收发机与收发单元相连,用于调制收发单元发送的信号,或用于解调天线接收的信号后传输给收发单元。具体地,射频收发机可以包括发射电路、接收电路、调制电路、解调电路,发射电路接收基底提供的多种类型的信号后,调制电路可以对基带提供的多种类型的信号进行调制,再发送给天线。而天线接收信号传输给射频收发机的接收电路,接收电路将信号传输给解调电路,解调电路对信号进行解调后传输给接收端。
进一步地,射频收发机连接信号放大器和功率放大器,信号放大器和功率放大器再连接滤波单元,滤波单元连接至少一个天线。在天线进行发送信号的过程中,信号放大器用于提高射频收发机输出的信号的信噪比后传输给滤波单元;功率放大器用于放大射频收发机输出的信号的功率后传输给滤波单元;滤波单元具体可以包括双工器和滤波电路,滤波单元将信号放大器和功率放大器输出的信号进行合路且滤除杂波后传输给天线,天线将信号辐射出去。在天线进行接收信号的过程中,天线接收到信号后传输给滤波单元,滤波单元将天线接收的信号滤除杂波后传输给信号放大器和功率放大器,信号放大器将天线接收的信号进行增益,增加信号的信噪比;功率放大器将天线接收的信号的功率放大。天线接收的信号经过功率放大器、信号放大器处 理后传输给射频收发机,射频收发机再传输给收发单元。
在一些示例中,信号放大器可以包括多种类型的信号放大器,例如低噪声放大器,在此不做限制。
在一些示例中,本公开实施例提供的天线还包括电源管理单元,电源管理单元连接功率放大器,为功率放大器提供用于放大信号的电压。
可以理解的是,以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式,然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下,可以做出各种变型和改进,这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (15)
- 一种移相器,其包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板,以及设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的可调电介质层;所述第一基板包括第一介质基板,设置在所述第一介质基板靠近所述可调电介质层一侧的第一电极;所述第二基板包括第二介质基板,设置在所述第二介质基板靠近所述可调电介质层一侧的第二电极;所述移相器具有移相区和周边区;所述移相区包括多个交叠区域;所述第一电极和所述第二电极均位于所述移相区,且所述第一电极和所述第二电极在所述第一介质基板上的正投影在各所述交叠区域至少部分重叠,以形成多个交叠电容;所述移相器还包括:设置在第一基板和所述第二基板之间的多个第一隔离组件,且所述第一隔离组件的两个端面分别与所述第一基板和所述第二基板相接触;至少一个所述交叠电容在所述第一介质基板上的正投影位于一个所述第一隔离组件在所述第一介质基板上的正投影内。
- 根据权利要求1所述的移相器,其中,所述第一电极包括并排设置、且沿微波信号的传输方向延伸的第一传输线、第二传输线;所述第二电极包括沿所述微波信号传输方向并排设置的多个贴片结构,且任一所述贴片结构的两端部分别与所述第一传输线和所述第二传输线在所述第一介质基板上的正投影至少部分重叠,形成位于所述交叠区域的所述交叠电容。
- 根据权利要求1所述的移相器,其中,所述第一电极包括沿微波信号的传输方向延伸的第一传输线,以及连接在所述第一传输线、且在所述微波信号的传输方向上并排设置的多个第一分支;所述第二电极包括沿所述微波信号的传输方向延伸的第二传输线,以及连接在所述二传输线、且在所述微波信号的传输方向上并排设置的多个第二分支;一个所述第一分支背离所述第一传输线的端部与一个所述第二分支背离所述第二传输线的端部在所述第一介质基板上的正投影至少部分重叠,形成位于所述交叠区域的交叠电容。
- 根据权利要求2或3所述的移相器,其中,还包括设置在第一基板和第二基板之间,且沿所述微波信号的传输方向上延伸的第二隔离组件和第三隔离组件,且所述第一隔离组件与所述第二隔离组件和所述第三隔离组件均连通;所述第一传输线在所述第一介质基板上的正投影位于所述第二隔离组件在所述第一介质基板上的正投影内;所述第二传输线在所述第一介质基板上的正投影位于所述第三隔离组件在所述第一介质基板上的正投影内。
- 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的移相器,其中,还包括设置在第一基板和第二基板之间的隔垫物;所述隔垫物位于所述周边区和所述移相区。
- 根据权利要求5所述的移相器,其中,所述第一隔离组件与所述隔垫物材料相同。
- 根据权利要求5所述的移相器,其中,位于所述周边区的所述隔垫物的排布密度大于位于所述移相区的所述隔垫物的排布密度。
- 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的移相器,其中,所述第一电极和/或所述第二电极的厚度不小于3μm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的移相器,其中,所述可调电介质层包括液晶层。
- 一种移相器的制备方法,其包括:形成第一基板和第二基板,以及将所述第一基板和所述第二基板对盒,并在二者之间填充可调电介质的步骤;其中,所述移相器包括移相区和周边区,所述移相区包括多个交叠区域;形成所述第一基板的步骤包括:提供第一介质基板;在所述第一介质基板上形成第一电极,所述第一电极位于所述移相区;形成所述第二基板的步骤包括:提供第二介质基板;在所述第二介质基板上形成第二电极;所述第一电极和所述第二电极在各所述交叠区域的正投影至少部分重叠,形成多个交叠电容;所述制备方法还包括:在所述第一基板或者所述第二基板上形成多个第一隔离组件,当所述第一基板和所述第二基板对盒后,所述第一隔离组件的两个端面分别与所述第一基板和所述第二基板相抵;一个所述交叠电容在所述第一介质基板上的正投影位于一个所述第一隔离组件在所述第一介质基板上的正投影内。
- 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法,其中,所述在所述第一介质基板上形成第一电极的步骤包括:在所述第一介质基板上形成第一金属薄膜,并通过构图工艺形成第一金属图案,作为第一种子层;对第一种子层进行电镀,之后通过构图工艺形成包括第一电极的图形。
- 根据权利要求11所述的制备方法,其中,所述隔离组件形成在所述第一基板上,且形成所述隔离组件的步骤位于形成所述第一种子层和对第一种子层进行电镀之间。
- 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法,其中,所述在所述第二介质基板上形成第二电极的步骤包括:在所述第二介质基板上形成第二金属薄膜,并通过构图工艺形成第二金属图案,作为第二种子层;对第二种子层进行电镀,之后通过构图工艺形成包括第二电极的图形。
- 根据权利要求11所述的制备方法,其中,所述隔离组件形成在所述第二基板上,且形成所述隔离组件的步骤位于形成所述第二种子层和对第二种子层进行电镀之间。
- 一种电子设备,其包括权利要求1-8中任一项所述的移相器。
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CN108710232A (zh) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-10-26 | 成都天马微电子有限公司 | 一种液晶移相单元及其制作方法、液晶移相器、天线 |
CN108803096A (zh) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-13 | 成都天马微电子有限公司 | 一种液晶移相单元及其制作方法、液晶移相器及天线 |
CN110649356A (zh) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 功率分配网络、液晶天线和通信设备 |
CN112397854A (zh) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-02-23 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 移相器及天线 |
CN112768851A (zh) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-05-07 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 馈电结构、微波射频器件及天线 |
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US5274391A (en) * | 1990-10-25 | 1993-12-28 | Radio Frequency Systems, Inc. | Broadband directional antenna having binary feed network with microstrip transmission line |
CN108803096A (zh) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-13 | 成都天马微电子有限公司 | 一种液晶移相单元及其制作方法、液晶移相器及天线 |
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CN112397854A (zh) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-02-23 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 移相器及天线 |
CN112768851A (zh) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-05-07 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 馈电结构、微波射频器件及天线 |
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