WO2023185326A1 - 聚酰胺膜、光修复聚酰胺膜的制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

聚酰胺膜、光修复聚酰胺膜的制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2023185326A1
WO2023185326A1 PCT/CN2023/077447 CN2023077447W WO2023185326A1 WO 2023185326 A1 WO2023185326 A1 WO 2023185326A1 CN 2023077447 W CN2023077447 W CN 2023077447W WO 2023185326 A1 WO2023185326 A1 WO 2023185326A1
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component
membrane
polyamide
liquid layer
base film
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PCT/CN2023/077447
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王飞
陈平绪
叶南飚
张永
张超
叶士兵
刘纪庆
肖军华
安朋
吴鹏
邱志强
付大炯
林立
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金发科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023185326A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023185326A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/06—Organic material
    • B01D71/56—Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/10—Testing of membranes or membrane apparatus; Detecting or repairing leaks
    • B01D65/106—Repairing membrane apparatus or modules
    • B01D65/108—Repairing membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0006—Organic membrane manufacture by chemical reactions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of filtration membranes, and in particular to a polyamide membrane and a preparation method and application of a photorepairable polyamide membrane.
  • Polyamide treated membranes are currently widely used in filtration membranes to separate dissolved substances from their solvents.
  • the polyamide filter membrane mainly filters out salt and other dissolved ions or molecules from salt water, and pure water can pass through the polyamide filter membrane to achieve the purpose of desalination of salt water.
  • the membrane surface needs to be cleaned before continued use. Otherwise, the membrane water flux will decrease due to membrane clogging, affecting its water treatment efficiency. However, the membrane can easily be damaged during the cleaning process. Damage to the membrane will affect the salt rejection rate.
  • the present invention proposes a preparation method and application of a polyamide film and a photorepairable polyamide film.
  • the filter membrane formed by coating the polyamide membrane provided by the present invention on the base membrane can achieve photorepair by applying light of a certain wavelength to it after cleaning and damage. Compared with before the damage, the filter membrane can ensure the water flux. Under the premise, its desalination rate is significantly improved, which can effectively extend the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane.
  • a polyamide film comprising cinnamic acid amide and/or cinnamic acid amide derivatives. Further, the general structural formula of the cinnamic amide or cinnamic amide derivative is as follows:
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently one of H, alkyl and alkoxy.
  • the alkyl includes but is not limited to methyl or ethyl, and the alkoxy includes but is not limited to Methoxy or ethoxy.
  • the polyamide film includes component A, component B and component C, wherein component A is trimesoyl chloride, component B is m-phenylenediamine or p-phenylenediamine, and component C is Cinnamic amide and/or cinnamic amide derivatives, component C provides a photosensitive group.
  • the cinnamic amide and/or cinnamic amide derivative contains a photosensitive group, and under light irradiation, a polymerization reaction will occur between the photosensitive groups.
  • a "photosensitive group” is a group that undergoes an addition reaction between groups under light irradiation.
  • the photosensitive group contains a carbon-carbon double bond structure. Under light irradiation with a wavelength of 320-360 nm, the carbon-carbon double bond structure of the two photosensitive groups undergoes an addition reaction and forms a four-membered ring.
  • the carbon-carbon double bond structure in the photosensitive group expands under light irradiation, and an addition reaction occurs to form a four-membered ring.
  • the four-membered ring has a self-healing function. When the four-membered ring is destroyed, it will turn into two carbon-carbon double bonds, and these two carbon-carbon double bonds will form a four-membered ring again under specific light.
  • a component, B component and C component are polymerized to obtain the following general structural formula:
  • the molar ratio of component A, component B and component C is 1: (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5), preferably 1:1: (0.5-1.5), more preferably 1 :1:1.
  • the molar ratio will affect the formation of the photorepair film. If the A ratio is too high, there will be more free trimesic acid, which will lead to a reduction in the rejection rate. If the C ratio is too high, the water flux of the formed film will be affected.
  • the invention also provides a method for preparing a photorepairable polyamide film, which includes the following steps:
  • S1 Coat a solution containing component C on the base film to form a first liquid layer on the base film.
  • the component C is cinnamic acid amide and/or a cinnamic acid amide derivative, wherein the cinnamic acid amide derivative is
  • the substituents of the substance are alkyl and/or alkoxy groups.
  • the alkyl group includes but is not limited to methyl or ethyl group.
  • the alkoxy group The base includes but is not limited to methoxy or ethoxy, and the base membrane may be a polysulfone membrane.
  • S3 Coat the amine solution containing component B on the base film attached to the first liquid layer after illumination, and form a second liquid layer on the first liquid layer.
  • the component B is isophthalene. Amine or p-phenylenediamine;
  • the molar ratio of the A component, the B component and the C component is 1: (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5), preferably 1:1: (0.5-1.5), more preferably 1 :1:1.
  • step S1 the solution containing component C can use diethyl ether as the solvent;
  • step S3 the amine solution containing component B can use distilled water as the solvent;
  • the solvent in step S4 is n-hexane or toluene.
  • drying temperature is 60-90°C, preferably 80°C.
  • the present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned polyamide membrane in water treatment.
  • the polyamide film is attached to at least one area of the base film to form a light repair filter film.
  • the present invention also provides a filtration membrane, which includes a base membrane and the above-mentioned polyamide membrane, and the polyamide membrane is disposed on at least one area of the base membrane.
  • the carbon-carbon double bond in the photosensitive group forms a conjugate with the carbonyl group.
  • the film can be irradiated under light conditions by using 280-360nm light irradiation.
  • the double bond undergoes an addition reaction to form a four-membered ring, thereby achieving a repair effect, which can repair the originally damaged filter membrane and improve its rejection rate without affecting its water flux.
  • Trisethylene chloride purchased from Merck, Germany;
  • Meta-phenylenediamine purchased from Shanghai Kaisa;
  • Paraphenylenediamine purchased from Shandong Polychemical
  • Cinnamamide purchased from Suzhou Qihang Biotechnology
  • n-hexane purchased from Shanghai Yien Chemical
  • Ether purchased from Zhengzhou Aikema Chemical Industry
  • Polysulfone-based membrane purchased from Hangzhou Water Treatment Research Center of the State Oceanic Administration;
  • Rate R (1-c 2 /c 1 )*100%, the unit is g/L.
  • the above steps S1-S3 are one cleaning.
  • a polyamide film containing cinnamic amide has a photosensitive group.
  • the photosensitive group contains a carbon-carbon double bond structure. Under light irradiation with a wavelength of 320-360 nm, the carbon-carbon double bond structure of the two photosensitive groups An addition reaction occurs and a four-membered ring is formed.
  • the four-membered ring has a photorepair function. If the four-membered ring is damaged, the polyamide film can self-repair and return to the four-membered ring by placing it under light with a wavelength of 320-360nm. Yuan ring.
  • the molar ratio of trimesoyl chloride: m-phenylenediamine: cinnamamide in the polyamide film is 1:1:1.
  • a kind of light repair filter membrane, the specific preparation method is as follows:
  • a polyamide film containing 3-methylcinnamic acid amide which has a photosensitive group.
  • the photosensitive group contains a carbon-carbon double bond structure. Under light irradiation with a wavelength of 320-360nm, two photosensitive The carbon-carbon double bond structure of the group undergoes an addition reaction and forms a four-membered ring.
  • the four-membered ring has a photorepair function. If the four-membered ring is damaged, just place the polyamide film under light with a wavelength of 320-360nm. It can realize self-healing and restore to a four-membered ring.
  • the molar ratio of trimesoyl chloride: m-phenylenediamine: 3-methylcinnamic acid amide in the polyamide film is 1:1:0.5.
  • a kind of light repair filter membrane, the specific preparation method is as follows:
  • a polyamide film contains 4-methoxycinnamic acid amide.
  • the 4-methoxycinnamic acid amide has a photosensitive group.
  • the photosensitive group contains a carbon-carbon double bond structure. Under light irradiation with a wavelength of 320-360nm, the two The carbon-carbon double bond structure of a photosensitive group undergoes an addition reaction and forms a four-membered ring.
  • the four-membered ring has a photorepair function. If the four-membered ring is damaged, just place the polyamide film under light with a wavelength of 320-360nm. , it can achieve self-healing and restore to a four-membered ring.
  • trimethylene in polyamide films The molar ratio of acid chloride: m-phenylenediamine: 4-methoxycinnamic acid amide is 1:1:1.5.
  • a kind of light repair filter membrane, the specific preparation method is as follows:
  • the photorepairable polyamide membrane of Example 1 was used as a photorepair reverse osmosis membrane in water treatment. It was tested that the rejection rate when used for the first time was 96.8%, and the water flux when used for the first time was 15.4L/(m 2 * h), the interception rate after 10 times of cleaning is 85.2%, the water flux after 10 times of cleaning is 26.2L/(m 2 *h), when irradiated with 320nm wavelength light, the interception rate is measured to be 94.5% , the water flux is 15.9L/(m 2 *h). After light repair, the rejection rate of the light-repaired reverse osmosis membrane has been improved compared with that before damage.
  • the photorepairable polyamide film provided by the present invention can achieve photorepair and improve the rejection rate without affecting the water flux.
  • the photorepairable polyamide membrane provided by the present invention can also be applied to filter membranes such as nanofiltration membranes and ultrafiltration membranes.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

一种聚酰胺膜，包含肉桂酰胺和/或肉桂酰胺衍生物发生加成反应得到的四元环产物；所述聚酰胺膜包含A组分、B组分和C组分；其中，A组分为均苯三甲酰氯，B组分为间苯二胺或对苯二胺，C组分为所述肉桂酰胺和/或肉桂酰胺衍生物，C组分提供光敏基团；所述的聚酰胺膜制成的过滤膜能够在光辐照下进行光修复。

Description

聚酰胺膜、光修复聚酰胺膜的制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及过滤膜技术领域，具体涉及一种聚酰胺膜、光修复聚酰胺膜的制备方法和应用。
背景技术
目前聚酰胺处理膜广泛用于过滤膜中，可以把溶解的物质从其溶剂中分离出来。聚酰胺过滤膜主要是从盐水中过滤掉盐和其他溶解的离子或者分子，而纯水可以透过该聚酰胺过滤膜，实现盐水淡化的目的。
而聚酰胺过滤膜在使用过程中，尤其是使用一段时间后，需要对膜表面进行清洗后方可继续使用，否则会因膜堵塞导致膜水通量下降，影响其水处理效率。但是在清洗过程中又会极易导致膜受损，膜受损后将影响脱盐率。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的缺陷，本发明提出了一种聚酰胺膜、光修复聚酰胺膜的制备方法和应用。在基膜上涂附本发明提供的聚酰胺膜形成的过滤膜，能够在清洗受损后，通过对其施加一定波长的光照达到光修复，与受损前相比，在保证水通量的前提下，其脱盐率得到明显提升，这样能够有效提升反渗透膜的使用寿命。
具体通过以下技术方案实现：
一种聚酰胺膜，所述聚酰胺膜包含肉桂酰胺和/或肉桂酰胺衍生物。进一步地，所述肉桂酰胺或肉桂酰胺衍生物的结构通式如下：
其中，R1、R2和R3各自独立地为H、烷基和烷氧基中的一种，所述烷基包括但不限于甲基或乙基，所述烷氧基包括但不限于甲氧基或乙氧基。
进一步地，所述聚酰胺膜包含A组分、B组分和C组分，其中，A组分为均苯三甲酰氯，B组分为间苯二胺或对苯二胺，C组分为肉桂酰胺和/或肉桂酰胺衍生物，C组分提供光敏基团。
所述肉桂酰胺和/或肉桂酰胺衍生物含有光敏基团，在光辐照下，光敏基团之间会发生聚合反应。“光敏基团”为在光辐照下，基团之间会发生加成反应的基团。
进一步地，所述光敏基团含有碳碳双键结构，在波长为320-360nm的光辐照下，两个光敏基团的碳碳双键结构发生加成反应并形成四元环。
具体地，肉桂酰胺及其衍生物中的光敏基团在光辐照下发生聚合反应的过程如下：
光敏基团中的碳碳双键结构在光辐照下展开，发生加成反应并形成四元环。四元环具有自修复功能，当四元环被破坏后，会变成两个碳碳双键，而这两个碳碳双键在特定光照下，又会再次形成四元环。
进一步地，所述A组分、B组分和C组分聚合得到如下结构通式：
进一步地，所述A组分、B组分和C组分的摩尔比为1：(0.5-1.5)：(0.5-1.5)，优选为1：1：(0.5-1.5)，更优选为1：1：1。摩尔比会影响光修复膜的形成，若A比例过高，则会导致游离均苯三甲酸多，会导致截留率降低，若C比例过多，会导致形成的膜的水通量受影响。
本发明还提供一种光修复聚酰胺膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1:用含有C组分的溶液涂布在基膜上，在基膜上形成第一层液体层，所述C组分为肉桂酰胺和/或肉桂酰胺衍生物，其中，所述肉桂酰胺衍生物的取代基为烷基和/烷氧基，所述烷基包括但不限于甲基或乙基，所述烷氧 基包括但不限于甲氧基或乙氧基，所述基膜可以是聚砜膜。
S2:将附有第一液体层的基膜在320-360nm的光照下照射5-10mi n；
S3：用含B组分的胺溶液涂布在光照后的附有第一液体层的基膜上，在所述第一液体层上形成第二液体层，所述B组分为间苯二胺或对苯二胺；
S4:再将附有第一液体层和第二液体层的基膜与含有A组分的溶剂接触，干燥、洗涤得到所述光修复聚酰胺膜，其中，A组分为均苯三甲酰氯。
进一步地，所述A组分、B组分与C组分的摩尔比为1：(0.5-1.5)：(0.5-1.5)，优选为1：1：(0.5-1.5)，更优选为1：1：1。
进一步地，步骤S1中，含有C组分的溶液可以使用乙醚为溶剂；
进一步地，步骤S3中，含有B组分的胺溶液可以使用蒸馏水为溶剂；
进一步地，步骤S4中的溶剂为正己烷或甲苯。
进一步地，干燥温度为60-90℃，优选80℃。
本发明还提供上述聚酰胺膜在水处理中的应用。
具体地，将所述聚酰胺膜附着在基膜至少一区域上，形成光修复过滤膜。
本发明还提供一种过滤膜，该过滤膜包含基膜以及上述的聚酰胺膜，所述聚酰胺膜设于所述基膜的至少一区域上。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
通过在聚酰胺膜成分中添加光敏基团，光敏基团中的碳碳双键和羰基形成共轭，在该膜受到破坏断裂时，可以通过使用280-360nm的光辐照，在光照条件下，双键发生加成反应形成四元环，从而达到修复作用，能够使原本破损的过滤膜得到修复，提高其截留率，同时不影响其水通量。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所 描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
<实施例和对比例的制备>
本发明实施例和对比例所用的原材料均来源于市购，但不限于这些材料：
均苯三甲氯：购自德国默克；
间苯二胺：购自上海凯赛；
对苯二胺：购自山东多聚化学；
肉桂酰胺：购自苏州启航生物；
3-甲基肉桂酰胺，CAS号为99564-65-5，购自aldlab chemicals；
4-甲氧基肉桂酰胺，CAS号为18166-63-7，购自chemieliva Pharmaceutical；
正己烷：购自上海易恩化学；
乙醚：购自郑州艾克马化工；
聚砜基膜：购自国家海洋局杭州水处理研究中心；
<测试标准>
本发明各实施例和对比例的性能测试标准如下：
截留率：
用电导率仪测定原料液和透过液的电导率，根据绘制的标准曲线计算相应的氯化钠浓度，根据原料液氯化钠浓度c1和透过液的氯化钠浓度c2计算截留率R＝(1-c2/c1)*100％，单位为g/L。
水通量：
用浓度为2000mg/L的氯化钠溶液作为原料液，在25℃、225psi下， 运行30min后开始计量t(h)时间内通过有效膜面积S(m2)的氯化钠透过液体积V(L).以此计算膜的水通量F＝V/(S*t),单位为L/(m2*h).
清洗：
S1:将膜平铺，在其上方安置一毛刷，按照1次/s的频率(往复为2次)平刷膜表面1min，
S2:用35L/min的流量去离子水冲刷表面5min，
S3：重复S1和S2步骤10个循环。
以上S1-S3步骤为一次清洗。
实施例1
一种聚酰胺膜，包含肉桂酰胺，肉桂酰胺具有光敏基团，光敏基团含有碳碳双键结构，在波长为320-360nm的光辐照下，两个光敏基团的碳碳双键结构发生加成反应并形成四元环，四元环具有光修复功能，四元环如果被破坏，只要将聚酰胺膜放置在波长为320-360nm的光照下，就能实现自修复，恢复成四元环。其中，聚酰胺膜中的均苯三甲酰氯：间苯二胺：肉桂酰胺的摩尔比为1：1：1。
一种光修复过滤膜，具体的制备方法如下：
S1:用含有48g/L肉桂酰胺的溶液涂布在基膜上，在基膜上形成第一层液体层；其中，基膜为聚砜膜；
S2:将含有肉桂酰胺的基膜在320-360nm的光照下照射6min；
S3：用18g/L间苯二胺溶液涂布在光照后的基膜上，在基膜上形成第二层液体层；
S4:把该载体浸渍在3g/L均苯三甲酰氯的正己烷中40s,取出在空气中晾干1min；
S5:在80℃热处理后，用去离子水反复清洗，除去未反应的单体和溶剂， 即得光修复过滤膜。
实施例2
一种聚酰胺膜，包含3-甲基肉桂酰胺，3-甲基肉桂酰胺具有光敏基团，光敏基团含有碳碳双键结构，在波长为320-360nm的光辐照下，两个光敏基团的碳碳双键结构发生加成反应并形成四元环，四元环具有光修复功能，四元环如果被破坏，只要将聚酰胺膜放置在波长为320-360nm的光照下，就能实现自修复，恢复成四元环。其中，聚酰胺膜中的均苯三甲酰氯：间苯二胺：3-甲基肉桂酰胺的摩尔比为1：1：0.5。
一种光修复过滤膜，具体的制备方法如下：
S1:用含有48g/L的3-甲基肉桂酰胺的溶液涂布在基膜上，在基膜上形成第一层液体层；其中，基膜为聚砜膜；
S2:将含有3-甲基肉桂酰胺的基膜在320-360nm的光照下照射6min；
S3：用18g/L对苯二胺溶液涂布在光照后的基膜上，在基膜成形成第二层液体层；
S4:把该载体浸渍在3g/L均苯三甲酰氯的正己烷中40s,取出在空气中晾干1min；
S5:在80℃热处理后，用去离子水反复清洗，除去未反应的的单体和溶剂，即得光修复过滤膜。
实施例3
一种聚酰胺膜，包含4-甲氧基肉桂酰胺，4-甲氧基肉桂酰胺具有光敏基团，光敏基团含有碳碳双键结构，在波长为320-360nm的光辐照下，两个光敏基团的碳碳双键结构发生加成反应并形成四元环，四元环具有光修复功能，四元环如果被破坏，只要将聚酰胺膜放置在波长为320-360nm的光照下，就能实现自修复，恢复成四元环。其中，聚酰胺膜中的均苯三甲 酰氯：间苯二胺：4-甲氧基肉桂酰胺的摩尔比为1：1：1.5。
一种光修复过滤膜，具体的制备方法如下：
S1:用含有48g/L的4-甲氧基肉桂酰胺溶液涂布在基膜上，在基膜上形成第一层液体层；其中，基膜为聚砜膜；
S2:将含有4-甲氧基肉桂酰胺的基膜在320-360nm的光照下照射6min；
S3：用18g/L对苯二胺溶液涂布在光照后的基膜上，在基膜成形成第二层液体层；
S4:把该载体浸渍在3g/L均苯三甲酰氯的正己烷中40s,取出在空气中晾干1min；
S5:在80℃热处理后，用去离子水反复清洗，出去未反应的的单体和溶剂，即得光修复过滤膜。
对比例1
S1：用18g/L间苯二胺溶液涂布在光照后的基膜上，在基膜成形成第一层液体层；其中，基膜为聚砜膜；
S2:把该载体浸渍在3g/L均苯三甲酰氯的正己烷中40s,取出在空气中晾干1min；
S3:在80℃热处理后，用去离子水反复清洗，除去未反应的单体和溶剂，得到普通聚酰胺膜。
表1.实施例、对比例的性能测试结果

水通量和截留率呈此消彼长的关系，截留率高，水通量就会小，截留率低，则水通量高。对于过滤膜来说，首先是要保障离子等杂质能够被截留下来。通过实施例和对比例的性能测试结果对比，可以得出：通过添加光敏物质制备得到可实现光修复的聚酰胺反渗透膜，其在使用清洗受损后，可以通过对其施加一定波长的光照达到光修复，与受损前相比，其截留率得到明显提升，这样能够有效提升反渗透膜的使用寿命。
实施例4
将实施例1的光修复聚酰胺膜作为光修复反渗透膜，应用于水处理中，测试其首次使用时的截留率为96.8％，首次使用时的水通量为15.4L/(m2*h)，清洗10次后的截留率为85.2％，清洗10次后的水通量为26.2L/(m2*h)，当用320nm波长光辐照后，测得其截留率为94.5％，水通量为15.9L/(m2*h)，经光修复后，光修复反渗透膜与受损前相比，截留率得到了提升。可见，本发明提供的光修复聚酰胺膜能够实现光修复，提升截留率，同时不影响水通量。此外，本发明提供的光修复聚酰胺膜还可以应用于纳滤膜、超滤膜等过滤膜上。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种聚酰胺膜，其特征在于，所述聚酰胺膜包含肉桂酰胺和/或肉桂酰胺衍生物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺膜，其特征在于，所述肉桂酰胺或肉桂酰胺衍生物的结构通式如下：
    其中，R1、R2和R3各自独立地为H、烷基和烷氧基中的一种，所述烷基包括甲基或乙基，所述烷氧基包括甲氧基或乙氧基。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的聚酰胺膜，其特征在于，所述聚酰胺膜包含A组分、B组分和C组分，其中，A组分为均苯三甲酰氯，B组分为间苯二胺或对苯二胺，C组分为所述肉桂酰胺和/或肉桂酰胺衍生物，C组分提供光敏基团。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的聚酰胺膜，其特征在于，所述A组分、B组分和C组分聚合得到如下结构通式：
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的聚酰胺膜，其特征在于，所述A组分、B组分和C组分的摩尔比为1：(0.5-1.5)：(0.5-1.5)，优选1：1：(0.5-1.5)，更优选1：1：1。
  6. 一种光修复过滤膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1:用含有C组分的溶液涂布在基膜上，在基膜上形成第一液体层，所述C组分为肉桂酰胺和/或肉桂酰胺衍生物；
    S2：将附有第一液体层的基膜在320-360nm的光照下照射5-10min；
    S3:用含B组分的胺溶液涂布在光照后的附有第一液体层的基膜上，在所述第一液体层上形成第二液体层，所述B组分为间苯二胺或对苯二胺；
    S4:再将附有第一液体层和第二液体层的基膜与含有A组分的溶剂接触，干燥、洗涤得到所述光修复过滤膜，其中，A组分为均苯三甲酰氯。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光修复过滤膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述A组分、B组分与C组分的摩尔比为1：(0.5-1.5)：(0.5-1.5)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的光修复过滤膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述A组分、B组分与C组分的摩尔比为1：1：(0.5-1.5)，优选1：1：1。
  9. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述聚酰胺膜在水处理中的应用。
  10. 一种过滤膜，其特征在于，包含基膜以及权利要求1-5任一项所述的聚酰胺膜，所述聚酰胺膜设于所述基膜的至少一区域上。
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