WO2023185076A1 - 一种基于硫辛酸或/和其衍生物的本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种基于硫辛酸或/和其衍生物的本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2023185076A1
WO2023185076A1 PCT/CN2022/137055 CN2022137055W WO2023185076A1 WO 2023185076 A1 WO2023185076 A1 WO 2023185076A1 CN 2022137055 W CN2022137055 W CN 2022137055W WO 2023185076 A1 WO2023185076 A1 WO 2023185076A1
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thermally conductive
formula
biphenyl
preparation
lipoic acid
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曾小亮
王振宇
王淑婷
任琳琳
孙蓉
许建斌
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/83Chemically modified polymers
    • C08G18/831Chemically modified polymers by oxygen-containing compounds inclusive of carbonic acid halogenides, carboxylic acid halogenides and epoxy halides

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of thermally conductive materials, and specifically relates to an intrinsic self-healing thermally conductive polymer based on lipoic acid or/and its derivatives and its preparation method and application.
  • Thermal conductive materials can be mainly divided into thermally conductive composite materials and intrinsic thermally conductive materials.
  • the thermal conductivity of thermally conductive composite materials depends on the thermal conductivity of the polymer matrix and thermally conductive fillers. Although increasing the filling component of thermally conductive fillers can effectively improve the thermal conductivity of composite materials, it will also lead to the deterioration of the mechanical properties of the composite materials and processing Problems such as poor performance, high insulation resistance and reduced breakdown strength.
  • Intrinsic thermally conductive polymers overcome many of the above-mentioned defects and have good thermal conductivity as well as good mechanical properties, high insulation resistance and breakdown strength, and excellent processing properties. Therefore, the present invention aims to provide an intrinsic thermally conductive polymer and a preparation method thereof, which can be used as a thermally conductive packaging material.
  • thermally conductive polymers and their composite materials as packaging materials is an effective way to solve the above problems.
  • composite materials due to the increase in the filling component of thermally conductive fillers, composite materials often suffer from problems such as deterioration in mechanical properties. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to prepare polymer materials with high thermal conductivity.
  • the preparation of thermally conductive polymers mainly uses mechanical stretching, directional freezing and electrospinning to make the molecular chains of the polymer have a certain orientation to enhance the thermal conductivity.
  • the process of preparing thermally conductive polymers using these existing technologies is often very complicated and even requires customized instruments and equipment. It is difficult to promote and apply it on a large scale, and polymers prepared through oriented structures are often easier to form large flakes. The crystal structure, single shape, narrow application range, and the flexibility of the polymer itself will also deteriorate sharply, causing processing difficulties.
  • the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing a thermally conductive polymer material with good flexibility.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to design and provide an intrinsic self-healing thermally conductive polymer based on lipoic acid or/and its derivatives and its preparation method and application.
  • the thermally conductive polymer provided by the invention contains dynamic covalent disulfide bonds and non-covalent hydrogen bond structures that provide excellent mechanical properties and self-healing properties, as well as liquid crystal and phase change structures that improve the thermal conductivity of the polymer. Dynamic covalent disulfide bonds can maintain the structure of the material and give the material good mechanical properties.
  • Non-covalent hydrogen bonds can not only increase the cross-linking density of the material, enhance its stability and mechanical properties, but also give the material good self-healing properties at non-disulfide dynamic temperatures, making the polymer material flexible. , self-repairability and recyclability.
  • the regularly arranged liquid crystal structure can reduce the scattering of molecules during heat transfer and effectively improve the thermal conductivity of the polymer.
  • thermally conductive polymer based on lipoic acid or/and its derivatives, characterized in that the thermally conductive polymer contains structural units such as Formula I:
  • n in formula I is an integer from 1 to 13.
  • the preparation method of an intrinsic self-healing thermally conductive polymer based on lipoic acid or/and its derivatives is characterized by comprising the following steps:
  • the preparation method is characterized in that the molar ratio of lipoic acid or/and its derivatives and biphenyl structure cross-linking agent is 1:0.1 ⁇ 0.5, and the organic solvent and lipoic acid or/and its derivatives,
  • the mass ratio of the biphenyl structure cross-linking agent is 100:1 ⁇ 10:1 ⁇ 10
  • the stirring time is 5 ⁇ 10 h
  • the prepolymerization temperature is 150-180°C
  • the drying temperature is 80-100°C
  • the hot pressing conditions are: hot pressing temperature 80-100°C, hot pressing pressure 10-20 MPa.
  • the preparation method is characterized in that the lipoic acid or/and its derivatives are one or more combinations of compounds of Formula II;
  • R 1 in formula II is a hydrogen atom or a branched alkane
  • R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a carboxyl group
  • n 1 is an integer from 1 to 10.
  • the preparation method is characterized in that the biphenyl structure cross-linking agent is one or a combination of more compounds having the structure shown in Formula III;
  • n 2 in formula III is an integer from 1 to 13.
  • the preparation method is characterized in that the preparation method of the compound of formula III includes: weighing diisocyanate prepolymer, biphenyl glycol, catalyst, and organic reagent, mixing, heating and stirring under nitrogen or inert gas atmosphere The polymerization reaction was carried out and then heated under vacuum overnight to obtain the compound of formula III.
  • the preparation method is characterized in that the molar ratio of the diisocyanate prepolymer to biphenyl glycol is 1.5 to 2.5:1, and the amount of the catalyst is the total mass of biphenyl glycol and diisocyanate prepolymer.
  • the organic reagent includes tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, acetone or toluene
  • the mass ratio of the organic reagent to the total mass of biphenyl glycol and diisocyanate prepolymer is 100:1 to 10, so
  • the heating and stirring conditions are: heating temperature 50-100°C, stirring time 3-10 h, and vacuum heating temperature 80-120°C.
  • the preparation method of the diisocyanate prepolymer includes: weighing N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide, heating and stirring in a vacuum to remove moisture, cooling to room temperature, adding diisocyanate and catalyst, and heating and stirring in an inert atmosphere. Polymerization reaction, cooling to room temperature, and obtaining diisocyanate prepolymer;
  • the conditions for vacuum heating and stirring are: temperature 100-120°C, stirring time 0.5-1 h, and conditions for heating and stirring to perform polymerization reaction are: temperature 50-80°C, stirring time 2-6 h, so
  • Such catalysts include amine catalysts and metal catalysts based on Sn, Zn, Bi, Zr, V or Ti.
  • n 3 in formula V is an integer from 1 to 11;
  • the preparation method of the biphenyldiol includes: weighing biphenyldiol, halogen-containing long-chain alcohol, carbonate, iodide salt and solvent, mixing, heating and refluxing under nitrogen protection for 12 to 36 hours to obtain a reaction solution, Purify again to obtain biphenyl diol;
  • the molar ratio of biphenyl diphenol, halogen-containing long-chain alcohol, carbonate and iodide salt is 1:2 ⁇ 6:5 ⁇ 15:0.001 ⁇ 0.01, and the halogen-containing long-chain alcohol includes 1 ⁇ 11
  • the carbon atom-containing halogen-containing long-chain alcohol is preferably one of 6-bromo-1-hexanol, 3-bromo-1-propanol, and 9-bromo-1-nonanol
  • the carbonate includes potassium carbonate , one of calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate
  • the iodide salt includes one of potassium iodide, sodium iodide and calcium iodide
  • the solvent includes ethanol, DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide), ethyl acetate , a kind of toluene;
  • the purification specifically includes: cooling the reaction solution to room temperature and then filtering, collecting the filtrate and adding deionized water to filter again, collecting the filter residue to adjust the pH value to less than or equal to 2, then washing with deionized water until neutral, and drying.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the preparation process of the present invention is relatively simple, helps to achieve large-scale production, and can be prepared into a variety of shapes on a large scale, not just thin films.
  • the prepared thermally conductive polymer is still amorphous as a whole, and while maintaining high thermal conductivity, it still has good self-healing and mechanical properties.
  • natural small molecule lipoic acid has the advantages of wide sources, safety and non-toxicity, and mild reaction conditions.
  • the synthesis process of the cross-linking agent with biphenyl structure as the raw material required by the present invention is relatively simple, and the structure with double bonds and biphenyl has good reactivity, and can become an excellent candidate for biphenyl liquid crystal material.
  • Figure 1 is an infrared curve diagram of each component in Example 1;
  • Figure 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of intrinsic thermally conductive polymer-1
  • Figure 3 is a physical picture of Polymer-2
  • Figure 4 is the DSC curve of polymer-3
  • Figure 5 shows the XRD curve of polymer-4
  • Figure 6 shows the tensile and self-healing curves of polymer-5.
  • biphenyldiphenol 40 g of 6-bromo-1-hexanol, 123 g of potassium carbonate and 300 mL of DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide) and add them to a solution equipped with a magnetic stirrer, thermometer and reflux. condenser tube in a three-necked flask. Heat and reflux under the protection of nitrogen flow for 12 hours, cool to room temperature and then filter. Pour the filtrate into a beaker and add distilled water and stir. After filtering, pour the filter residue into the beaker again. Add dilute hydrochloric acid dropwise and stir to adjust the pH to 2. Filter and use Wash several times with distilled water and dry in a vacuum oven to obtain a white solid for later use. The white solid is biphenyldioxanol.
  • the structural formula of the obtained biphenyldioxanol is:
  • Figure 1 Its infrared spectrum is shown in Figure 1. It can be seen that the polymer shown in Structural Formula I was successfully synthesized in Example 1. Intrinsically thermally conductive polymers.
  • Figure 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of intrinsically conductive polymer-1. It can be seen that the polymer has no hole defects and has a good three-dimensional network structure.
  • the white solid is biphenyldioxanol.
  • the structural formula of the obtained biphenyldioxanol is .
  • biphenyldiphenol 50 g 9-bromo-1-nonanol, 130 g potassium carbonate and 300 mL DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide) and add them to a solution equipped with a magnetic stirrer, thermometer and reflux condenser tube in a three-necked flask. Heat and reflux under the protection of nitrogen flow for 12 hours, cool to room temperature and then filter. Pour the filtrate into a beaker and add distilled water and stir. After filtering, pour the filter residue into the beaker again. Add dilute hydrochloric acid dropwise and stir to adjust the pH to 2. Filter and use Wash several times with distilled water and dry in a vacuum oven to obtain a white solid for later use. The white solid is biphenyldioxanol. The structural formula of the obtained biphenyldioxynonanol is: .
  • the liquid crystal polymer has an obvious glass transition point, with a value of -44°C. There is a strong crystallization peak at 29°C, and then as the temperature increases, the internal biphenyl liquid crystal structure melts, with a melting point of 52°C.
  • biphenyldiphenol 50 g 9-bromo-1-nonanol, 130 g potassium carbonate and 300 mL DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide) and add them to a solution equipped with a magnetic stirrer, thermometer and reflux condenser tube in a three-necked flask. Heat and reflux under the protection of nitrogen flow for 12 hours, cool to room temperature and then filter. Pour the filtrate into a beaker and add distilled water and stir. After filtering, pour the filter residue into the beaker again. Add dilute hydrochloric acid dropwise and stir to adjust the pH to 2. Filter and use Wash several times with distilled water and dry in a vacuum oven to obtain a white solid for later use. The white solid is biphenyldioxanol. The structural formula of the obtained biphenyldioxynonanol is:
  • biphenyldiphenol 50 g 9-bromo-1-nonanol, 130 g potassium carbonate and 300 mL DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide) and add them to a solution equipped with a magnetic stirrer, thermometer and reflux condenser tube in a three-necked flask. Heat and reflux under the protection of nitrogen flow for 12 hours, cool to room temperature and then filter. Pour the filtrate into a beaker and add distilled water and stir. After filtering, pour the filter residue into the beaker again. Add dilute hydrochloric acid dropwise and stir to adjust the pH to 2. Filter and use Wash several times with distilled water and dry in a vacuum oven to obtain a white solid for later use. The white solid is biphenyldioxanol. The structural formula of the obtained biphenyldioxynonanol is:
  • Figure 6 shows the stress-strain and self-healing curves of intrinsic thermally conductive polymer-5. It can be seen that polymer-5 not only has good mechanical properties, but also has ultra-high breaking elongation of more than 1500%, and at 80 °C It can almost completely restore its mechanical properties within 30 minutes of self-healing, and has good self-healing performance.
  • the thermal conductivity of the intrinsic thermally conductive polymer prepared in Examples 1-5 is shown in Table 1 below.
  • the instrument Longwin-9389 was used to test according to the ASTM 5470 standard.

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Abstract

一种基于硫辛酸或/和其衍生物的本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物及其制备方法和应用,属于导热材料技术领域。本发明基于硫辛酸或/和其衍生物的本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物含有式Ⅰ结构单元,其中式Ⅰ中n为1~13中的整数。本发明的制备工艺比较简单,有助于实现大规模生产,且能进行大规模的制备成多种形状,而不仅限于薄膜。所制备的导热高分子聚合物整体仍为非晶态,在持有高导热的同时仍具有良好的自修复和机械性能。

Description

一种基于硫辛酸或/和其衍生物的本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明属于导热材料技术领域,具体涉及一种基于硫辛酸或/和其衍生物的本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
导热材料主要可分为导热复合材料和本征导热材料。导热复合材料的导热性能取决于聚合物基体和导热填料的导热性,尽管提高导热填料的填充组分能有效的提高复合材料的导热性能,但同时也会带来复合材料的机械性能恶化、加工性能差、高绝缘电阻和击穿强度下降等问题。而本征型导热聚合物则克服了上述诸多缺陷,在具有良好导热性能的同时拥有良好、机械性能、高绝缘电阻和击穿强度、优异加工性能。因此本发明旨在提供一种本征型导热聚合物及其制备方法,可作为导热封装材料。
随着集成技术高速发展,微电子器件体积在缩小,但集成度却在上升,这也就意味着功率密度在急剧的上升,器件产生的热量更为巨大且难以有效散热的问题制约着电子信息产业的发展。使用导热聚合物及其复合材料作为封装材料是解决上述问题的有效途径。但由于导热填料填充组分的增高,复合材料往往会出现机械性能恶化等问题。因此制备出具有高导热的聚合物材料是极为有必要的。
目前导热聚合物的制备主要是采用力学拉伸,定向冷冻和静电纺丝等手段使得聚合物的分子链等机构具有一定的取向性来增强导热性能。但是,现有的这些技术制备导热高分子聚合物的过程往往十分复杂,甚至需要定制的仪器设备才能制备出来,难以大规模推广应用且通过取向结构制备的高分子聚合物往往比较容易形成大片的晶体结构,形状单一,应用范围窄,聚合物本身的柔顺性也会急剧恶化,造成加工困难。针对上述问题,本发明旨在提供一种制备出具有良好柔顺性的导热聚合物材料的方法。
技术问题
针对上述现有技术中存在的缺陷,本发明的目的在于设计提供一种基于硫辛酸或/和其衍生物的本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物及其制备方法和应用。本发明提供的导热高分子聚合物中含有提供优异机械性能和自修复性能的动态共价键二硫键和非共价键氢键结构,以及提高聚合物导热性能的液晶、相变结构。动态共价键二硫键能维持材料的结构,赋予材料良好的力学性能。非共价键氢键不仅能提高材料的交联密度,增强其稳定性和力学性能,还能在非二硫键的动态温度下也赋予材料良好的自修复性能,使聚合物材料具有柔顺性、自修复性和可回收性。规整排布的液晶结构能减少热传递过程中分子的散射,有效的提高聚合物的导热性能。
技术解决方案
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种基于硫辛酸或/和其衍生物的本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物,其特征在于所述导热高分子聚合物含有如式Ⅰ结构单元:
式Ⅰ
其中,式Ⅰ中n为1~13中的整数。
所述的一种基于硫辛酸或/和其衍生物的本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
在氮气或惰性气体氛围下,称取硫辛酸或/和其衍生物、联苯结构交联剂和有机溶剂,混合后加热搅拌,再冷凝回流进行预聚反应,结束后转移至聚四氟乙烯模具中,干燥后获得弹性体,热压,得到本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物。
所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述硫辛酸或/和其衍生物、联苯结构交联剂的摩尔比为1:0.1~0.5,所述有机溶剂与硫辛酸或/和其衍生物、联苯结构交联剂的质量比为100:1~10:1~10,所述搅拌的时间为5~10 h,所述预聚反应的温度为150-180℃,所述干燥的温度为80-100℃,所述热压的条件为:热压温度80-100℃,热压压力10-20 MPa。
所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述硫辛酸或/和其衍生物为如式Ⅱ化合物中的一种或多种的组合;
式Ⅱ
其中,式Ⅱ中R 1为氢原子或支链烷烃,R 2为氢原子或者羧基,n 1为1~10中的整数。
所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述联苯结构交联剂为如式Ⅲ所示结构的化合物中的一种或多种的组合;
式Ⅲ
其中,式Ⅲ中n 2为1~13中的整数。
所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述式Ⅲ化合物的制备方法包括:称取二异氰酸酯预聚物、联苯二元醇、催化剂、有机试剂,混合,在氮气或惰性气体氛围下,加热搅拌进行聚合反应,再真空加热过夜,得到式Ⅲ化合物。
所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述二异氰酸酯预聚物与联苯二元醇的摩尔比为1.5~2.5:1,所述催化剂的用量为联苯二元醇和二异氰酸酯预聚物总质量的0.1%~1%,所述有机试剂包括四氢呋喃、乙酸乙酯、丙酮或甲苯,所述有机试剂与联苯二元醇和二异氰酸酯预聚物总质量的质量比为100:1~10,所述加热搅拌的条件为:加热温度50-100℃,搅拌时间3-10 h,所述真空加热的温度为80-120℃。
所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述二异氰酸酯预聚物为如式Ⅳ所示结构的预聚物:
式Ⅳ
所述二异氰酸酯预聚物的制备方法包括:称取N-(2-羟乙基)丙烯酰胺,真空加热并搅拌去除水分,冷却至室温后加入二异氰酸酯和催化剂,在惰性气氛下加热搅拌进行聚合反应,冷却至室温,获得二异氰酸酯预聚物;
其中,所述真空加热并搅拌的条件为:温度100-120℃,搅拌时间0.5-1 h,所述加热搅拌进行聚合反应的条件为:温度50-80℃,搅拌时间2-6 h,所述催化剂包括胺催化剂和基于Sn、Zn、Bi、Zr、V或Ti的金属催化剂。
所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述联苯二元醇为如式Ⅴ所示结构的化合物:
式Ⅴ
其中,式Ⅴ中n 3为1-11中的整数;
所述联苯二元醇的制备方法包括:称取联苯二酚、含卤素长链醇、碳酸盐、碘盐和溶剂,混合,在氮气保护下加热回流12~36 h得到反应液,再纯化,获得联苯二元醇;
其中,联苯二酚、含卤素长链醇、碳酸盐与碘盐的摩尔比为1:2~6:5~15:0.001~0.01,所述含卤素长链醇包括含有1~11个碳原子的含卤素长链醇,优选为6-溴-1-己醇、3-溴-1-丙醇、9-溴-1-壬醇中的一种,所述碳酸盐包括碳酸钾、碳酸钙、碳酸钠中的一种,所述碘盐包括碘化钾、碘化钠、碘化钙中的一种,溶剂包括乙醇、DMF(N,N‑二甲基甲酰胺)、乙酸乙酯、甲苯中的一种;
所述纯化具体包括:将反应液冷却至室温后过滤,收集滤液加入去离子水再次过滤,收集滤渣调节pH值小于等于2,再用去离子水洗涤至中性,烘干。
所述的基于硫辛酸或/和其衍生物的本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物在作为高导热和自修复性导热聚合物材料中的应用。
有益效果
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明的制备工艺比较简单,有助于实现大规模生产,且能进行大规模的制备成多种形状,而不仅限于薄膜。所制备的导热高分子聚合物整体仍为非晶态,在持有高导热的同时仍具有良好的自修复和机械性能。
作为聚合物单体的天然小分子硫辛酸具有来源广泛、安全无毒、反应条件温和的优点。本发明所需原料具有联苯结构的交联剂的合成过程较为简单,且具有双键和联苯的结构具有良好的反应活性,能成为联苯液晶材料的优异候选者。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中各组分红外曲线图;
图2为本征导热型聚合物物-1的扫描电镜图;
图3为聚合物-2实物图;
图4为聚合物-3 DSC曲线;
图5为聚合物-4的XRD曲线;
图6为聚合物-5拉伸及其自修复曲线。
本发明的实施方式
以下将结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1:
称量16.2 g联苯二酚、40 g 6-溴-1-己醇、123 g碳酸钾以及300 mL DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中。在氮气流的保护下加热回流12小时,冷却至室温后过滤,滤液倒入烧杯中并加入蒸馏水搅拌,过滤后将滤渣再次倒入烧杯中,滴加稀盐酸搅拌调节pH为2,过滤,用蒸馏水洗涤多次,于真空烘箱烘干得白色固体备用,该白色固体即为联苯二氧己醇。所得联苯二氧己醇的结构式为:
,其红外图谱如图1所示,可以看出实施例1中成功合成了联苯二氧己醇。
称量22.2 g二异氰酸酯、11.5 g N-(2-羟乙基)丙烯酰胺、0.05 g二月桂酸二丁基锡加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中。在氮气流的保护下加热至80 ℃,搅拌回流3小时后冷却至室温得异氰酸酯预聚物,其红外图谱如图1所示。再称量15 g联苯二氧己醇加入该三口烧瓶中,然后在氮气流的保护下加热至100 ℃,搅拌6 h进行聚合反应。将反应后的溶液倒在玻璃皿中,放置在80 ℃烘箱中真空加热过夜得到白色粉末状联苯结构交联剂-1,其红外图谱如图1所示,可以看出实施例1中成功合成了联苯结构交联剂-1。
称量10 g硫辛酸、200 mL乙酸乙酯和5 g联苯结构交联剂-1加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中,在氮气流的保护下加热至150 ℃,搅拌5h进行聚合反应。待反应结束后趁热将液体倒入聚四氟乙烯模具中,放置80 ℃真空烘箱中干燥过夜获得弹性体。最后将弹性体在80 ℃,10 MPa的压力下进行热压,获得本征导热聚合物-1,其红外图谱如图1所示,可以看出实施例1中成功合成了结构式Ⅰ所示的本征型导热聚合物。图2为本征导热型聚合物物-1的扫描电镜图,从中可以看出聚合物无孔洞缺陷,具有良好的三维网络结构。
实施例2
称量16.2 g联苯二酚、40 g 6-溴-1-己醇、123 g碳酸钾以及300 mL DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中。在氮气流的保护下加热回流12小时,冷却至室温后过滤,滤液倒入烧杯中并加入蒸馏水搅拌,过滤后将滤渣再次倒入烧杯中,滴加稀盐酸搅拌调节pH为2,过滤,用蒸馏水洗涤多次,于真空烘箱烘干得白色固体备用,该白色固体即为联苯二氧己醇。所得联苯二氧己醇的结构式为
称量44.4 g二异氰酸酯、23 g N-(2-羟乙基)丙烯酰胺和0.05 g二月桂酸二丁基锡加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中。在氮气流的保护下加热至80 ℃,搅拌回流5h后冷却至室温得异氰酸酯预聚物。再称量30g联苯二氧己醇加入该三口烧瓶中,然后在氮气流的保护下加热至100 ℃,搅拌6 h进行聚合反应。将反应后的溶液倒在玻璃皿中,放置在80 ℃烘箱中真空加热过夜得到白色粉末状联苯结构交联剂-2。
称量10 g硫辛酸、200 mL乙酸乙酯和10 g 联苯结构交联剂-2加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中,在氮气流的保护下加热至150 ℃,搅拌5 h进行聚合反应。待反应结束后将液体倒入聚四氟乙烯模具中,放置80 ℃真空烘箱中干燥过夜获得弹性体。最后将弹性体在80 ℃,10 MPa的压力下进行热压,获得本征导热聚合物薄膜-2。图3为本征导热聚合物-2的实物图,为半透明状弹性体。
实施例3
称量16.2 g联苯二酚、50 g 9-溴-1-壬醇、130 g碳酸钾以及300 mL DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中。在氮气流的保护下加热回流12小时,冷却至室温后过滤,滤液倒入烧杯中并加入蒸馏水搅拌,过滤后将滤渣再次倒入烧杯中,滴加稀盐酸搅拌调节pH为2,过滤,用蒸馏水洗涤多次,于真空烘箱烘干得白色固体备用,该白色固体即为联苯二氧己醇。所得联苯二氧壬醇的结构式为:
称量22.2 g二异氰酸酯、11.5 g N-(2-羟乙基)丙烯酰胺和0.05 g二月桂酸二丁基锡加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中。在氮气流的保护下加热至80 ℃,搅拌回流5小时后冷却至室温得异氰酸酯预聚物。再称量20 g联苯二氧壬醇加入该三口烧瓶中,然后在氮气流的保护下加热至100 ℃,搅拌6 h进行聚合反应。将反应后的溶液倒在玻璃皿中,放置在80 ℃烘箱中真空加热过夜得到白色粉末状联苯结构交联剂-3。
称量10 g硫辛酸、200 mL乙酸乙酯和20 g联苯结构交联剂-3加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中,在氮气流的保护下加热至150 ℃,搅拌5 h进行聚合反应。待反应结束后将液体倒入聚四氟乙烯模具中,放置80 ℃真空烘箱中干燥过夜获得弹性体。最后将弹性体在80 ℃,15 MPa的压力下进行热压,获得本征导热聚合物-3。图4为聚合物-3的DSC曲线图,可以看出液晶聚合物具有明显的玻璃化转变点,其值为-44 ℃。在29 ℃有较强的结晶峰,而后随着温度的升高内部联苯液晶结构熔融,熔点为52 ℃。
实施例4
称量16.2 g联苯二酚、50 g 9-溴-1-壬醇、130 g碳酸钾以及300 mL DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中。在氮气流的保护下加热回流12小时,冷却至室温后过滤,滤液倒入烧杯中并加入蒸馏水搅拌,过滤后将滤渣再次倒入烧杯中,滴加稀盐酸搅拌调节pH为2,过滤,用蒸馏水洗涤多次,于真空烘箱烘干得白色固体备用,该白色固体即为联苯二氧己醇。所得联苯二氧壬醇的结构式为:
称量22.2 g二异氰酸酯、11.5 g N-(2-羟乙基)丙烯酰胺和0.05 g二月桂酸二丁基锡加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中。在氮气流的保护下加热至80 ℃,搅拌回流5小时后冷却至室温得异氰酸酯预聚物。再称量30g联苯二氧壬醇加入该三口烧瓶中,然后在氮气流的保护下加热至100 ℃,搅拌6 h进行聚合反应。将反应后的溶液倒在玻璃皿中,放置在80 ℃烘箱中真空加热过夜得到白色粉末状联苯结构交联剂-4。
称量10g硫辛酸、200ml乙酸乙酯和15g联苯结构交联剂-4加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中,在氮气流的保护下加热至150 ℃,搅拌5 h进行聚合反应。待反应结束后将液体倒入聚四氟乙烯模具中,放置80℃真空烘箱中干燥过夜获得弹性体。最后将弹性体在80 ℃,15 MPa的压力下进行热压,获得本征导热聚合物-4。图5为聚合物-4的XRD曲线,从图中可以看出在2θ为20°的位置出现锐利的尖峰,表明内部具有取向排列程度高的液晶结构。
实施例5
称量16.2 g联苯二酚、50 g 9-溴-1-壬醇、130 g碳酸钾以及300 mL DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中。在氮气流的保护下加热回流12小时,冷却至室温后过滤,滤液倒入烧杯中并加入蒸馏水搅拌,过滤后将滤渣再次倒入烧杯中,滴加稀盐酸搅拌调节pH为2,过滤,用蒸馏水洗涤多次,于真空烘箱烘干得白色固体备用,该白色固体即为联苯二氧己醇。所得联苯二氧壬醇的结构式为:
称量22.2 g二异氰酸酯、11.5 g N-(2-羟乙基)丙烯酰胺和0.05 g二月桂酸二丁基锡加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中。在氮气流的保护下加热至80 ℃,搅拌回流5小时后冷却至室温得异氰酸酯预聚物。再称量30 g联苯二氧己醇加入该三口烧瓶中,然后在氮气流的保护下加热至100 ℃,搅拌6 h进行聚合反应。将反应后的溶液倒在玻璃皿中,放置在80℃烘箱中真空加热过夜得到白色粉末状联苯结构交联剂-5。
称量10 g硫辛酸、200 mL乙酸乙酯和30 g联苯结构交联剂-5加入到装有磁力搅拌子、温度计、回流冷凝管的三口烧瓶中,在氮气流的保护下加热至150 ℃,搅拌5 h进行聚合反应。待反应结束后将液体倒入聚四氟乙烯模具中,放置80 ℃真空烘箱中干燥过夜获得弹性体。最后将弹性体在80 ℃,10 MPa的压力下进行热压,获得本征导热聚合物-5。图6为本征型导热聚合物-5的应力-应变和自修复曲线,可以看出聚合物-5不仅具有良好的机械性能,可以具有超过1500%的超高断伸,且在80 ℃下自修复30 min便可几乎完全恢复其机械性能,具有良好的自修复性能。
实施例1-5所制备的本征型导热聚合物的导热系数如下表1所示,使用仪器Longwin-9389按照ASTM 5470标准进行测试。
表1:聚合物1-5的导热系数

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于硫辛酸或/和其衍生物的本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物,其特征在于所述导热高分子聚合物含有如式Ⅰ结构单元:
    式Ⅰ
    其中,式Ⅰ中n为1~13中的整数。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种基于硫辛酸或/和其衍生物的本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
    在氮气或惰性气体氛围下,称取硫辛酸或/和其衍生物、联苯结构交联剂和有机溶剂,混合后加热搅拌,再冷凝回流进行预聚反应,结束后转移至聚四氟乙烯模具中,干燥后获得弹性体,热压,得到本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述硫辛酸或/和其衍生物、联苯结构交联剂的摩尔比为1:0.1~0.5,所述有机溶剂与硫辛酸或/和其衍生物、联苯结构交联剂的质量比为100:1~10:1~10,所述搅拌的时间为5~10 h,所述预聚反应的温度为150~180℃,所述干燥的温度为80-100℃,所述热压的条件为:热压温度80~100℃,热压压力10~20 MPa。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述硫辛酸或/和其衍生物为如式Ⅱ化合物中的一种或多种的组合;
    式Ⅱ
    其中,式Ⅱ中R 1为氢原子或支链烷烃,R 2为氢原子或者羧基,n 1为1~10中的整数。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述联苯结构交联剂为如式Ⅲ所示结构的化合物中的一种或多种的组合;
    式Ⅲ
    其中,式Ⅲ中n 2为1~13中的整数。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述式Ⅲ化合物的制备方法包括:称取二异氰酸酯预聚物、联苯二元醇、催化剂、有机试剂,混合,在氮气或惰性气体氛围下,加热搅拌进行聚合反应,再真空加热过夜,得到式Ⅲ化合物。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述二异氰酸酯预聚物与联苯二元醇的摩尔比为1.5~2.5:1,所述催化剂的用量为联苯二元醇和二异氰酸酯预聚物总质量的0.1%~1%,所述有机试剂包括四氢呋喃、乙酸乙酯、丙酮或甲苯,所述有机试剂与联苯二元醇和二异氰酸酯预聚物总质量的质量比为100:1~10,所述加热搅拌的条件为:加热温度50~100℃,搅拌时间3~10 h,所述真空加热的温度为80~120℃。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述二异氰酸酯预聚物为如式Ⅳ所示结构的预聚物:
    式Ⅳ
    所述二异氰酸酯预聚物的制备方法包括:称取N-(2-羟乙基)丙烯酰胺,真空加热并搅拌去除水分,冷却至室温后加入二异氰酸酯和催化剂,在惰性气氛下加热搅拌进行聚合反应,冷却至室温,获得二异氰酸酯预聚物;
    其中,所述真空加热并搅拌的条件为:温度100~120℃,搅拌时间0.5~1 h,所述加热搅拌进行聚合反应的条件为:温度50~80℃,搅拌时间2~6 h,所述催化剂包括胺催化剂和基于Sn、Zn、Bi、Zr、V或Ti的金属催化剂。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述联苯二元醇为如式Ⅴ所示结构的化合物:
    式Ⅴ
    其中,式Ⅴ中n 3为1-11中的整数;
    所述联苯二元醇的制备方法包括:称取联苯二酚、含卤素长链醇、碳酸盐、碘盐和溶剂,混合,在氮气保护下加热回流12~36 h得到反应液,再纯化,获得联苯二元醇;
    其中,联苯二酚、含卤素长链醇、碳酸盐与碘盐的摩尔比为1:2~6:5~15:0.001~0.01,所述含卤素长链醇包括含有1~11个碳原子的含卤素长链醇,优选为6-溴-1-己醇、3-溴-1-丙醇、9-溴-1-壬醇中的一种,所述碳酸盐包括碳酸钾、碳酸钙、碳酸钠中的一种,所述碘盐包括碘化钾、碘化钠、碘化钙中的一种,溶剂包括乙醇、DMF(N,N‑二甲基甲酰胺)、乙酸乙酯、甲苯中的一种;
    所述纯化具体包括:将反应液冷却至室温后过滤,收集滤液加入去离子水再次过滤,收集滤渣调节pH值小于等于2,再用去离子水洗涤至中性,烘干。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的基于硫辛酸或/和其衍生物的本征型自修复的导热高分子聚合物在作为高导热和自修复性导热聚合物材料中的应用。
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CN116217857A (zh) * 2023-03-01 2023-06-06 深圳先进电子材料国际创新研究院 一种聚氨酯-硫辛酸共聚物和/或其衍生物热界面材料、制备方法及其用途
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