WO2023184646A1 - 一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线及方法 - Google Patents

一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023184646A1
WO2023184646A1 PCT/CN2022/091518 CN2022091518W WO2023184646A1 WO 2023184646 A1 WO2023184646 A1 WO 2023184646A1 CN 2022091518 W CN2022091518 W CN 2022091518W WO 2023184646 A1 WO2023184646 A1 WO 2023184646A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
punching
workpiece
production line
clamping
positioning device
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PCT/CN2022/091518
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李广君
冯显英
李彬
马现峰
李锋
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山东金博利达精密机械有限公司
山东大学
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Publication of WO2023184646A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023184646A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/24—Perforating, i.e. punching holes
    • B21D28/243—Perforating, i.e. punching holes in profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/02—Punching blanks or articles with or without obtaining scrap; Notching
    • B21D28/04—Centering the work; Positioning the tools
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of profile punching, and particularly relates to a multi-station profile hydraulic punching production line and method.
  • Photovoltaic frames are support components for photovoltaic power generation, and their usage is increasing.
  • Existing photovoltaic frames mainly use C-shaped steel. Before it is assembled into a supporting component, mounting holes need to be punched out in the C-shaped steel. In order to improve the punching efficiency, multiple The station punch machine is used for manufacturing.
  • the existing multi-station punch machine can only process one surface of the C-shaped steel workpiece at the same time. Although multiple holes can be processed with one clamping, to complete the three-dimensional surface processing of the profile space, three flips, positioning, clamping, and punching are required. , will obviously greatly reduce the processing efficiency and the position accuracy between holes; in addition, the punching holes are arranged side by side, occupying a large space.
  • the C-shaped steel workpiece is processed to the end, the remaining part of the C-shaped steel workpiece cannot be processed due to its short length. It is clamped and processed, resulting in a lot of tail material remaining, resulting in a waste of material and increasing processing costs.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-station profile hydraulic punching production line and method to solve the existing problems in the prior art of low processing efficiency of multi-station punching surfaces and the inability to process tailings.
  • the present invention is solved through the following technical solutions:
  • the invention provides a multi-station profile hydraulic punching production line, including a flexible feeding device, a punching device and a secondary clamping and positioning device arranged in sequence according to the workpiece feeding direction;
  • the flexible feeding device is used to transport workpieces to the punching device.
  • the punching device includes at least two gantry frames arranged in sequence, and the gantry frame located at the starting end is fixed, and the rest are movable, Each of the gantry frames is provided with three punching units corresponding to the surface of the workpiece.
  • the flexible feeding device is provided with at least one fixed primary clamping and positioning device. The primary clamping and positioning device is connected with the secondary clamping device. The tight positioning device then clamps the workpiece.
  • each of the gantry frames is installed with a three-dimensional composite mold.
  • the three-dimensional composite mold is provided with a space for the workpiece to pass.
  • a fixed mold core is provided in the space.
  • the three punching units are respectively connected from The top and both sides of the space are penetrated for stamping.
  • the flexible feeding device is provided with a plurality of height-adjustable roller devices in the workpiece feeding direction.
  • the flexible feeding device is provided with a sports car plate device and a guide rail.
  • the sports car plate device is provided with a pneumatic clamping device for clamping the workpiece.
  • the sports car plate device moves along the guide rail.
  • the sports car panel device moves by cooperating with the guide rail gear rack.
  • each of the gantry frames is provided with a lower pressing device that presses the upper surface of the workpiece, which is synchronized with the punching action of the punching unit.
  • the secondary clamping and positioning device is movable.
  • the primary clamping and positioning device includes two symmetrically arranged pneumatic pressing units for pressing two sides of the workpiece.
  • the secondary clamping and positioning device includes three pneumatic pressing units for pressing the top surface and two sides of the workpiece.
  • the present invention provides a punching method according to the multi-station profile punching production line as described in the first aspect, including the following steps:
  • the flexible feeding device transports the workpiece to the punching device for processing.
  • the movable gantry drives the punching unit and the punching unit on the fixed gantry to punch holes at different positions.
  • When processing the initial section of the workpiece it relies on one clamping and positioning.
  • the middle section of the workpiece is clamped by the primary clamping and positioning device and the secondary clamping and positioning device, and the tail section of the workpiece is clamped by the secondary clamping and positioning device.
  • the present invention sets up a fixed gantry to provide a reference position for punching, and the other movable gantry moves to a suitable distance to punch holes in conjunction with the fixed gantry, and each gantry is equipped with three punching units that can punch the workpiece. Three different surfaces realize multi-station simultaneous punching processing, which improves punching efficiency.
  • the present invention can rely on the primary clamping and positioning device for clamping when processing the initial section of the workpiece, the primary clamping and positioning device and the secondary clamping and positioning device for clamping in the middle section of the workpiece, and the two clamping and positioning devices on the tail section of the workpiece.
  • the secondary clamping and positioning device is clamped, and the secondary clamping and positioning device compensates to complete the hole position processing of the tail section of the workpiece, realizing the processing of the entire workpiece without tailings.
  • the secondary clamping and positioning device of the present invention is movable and can flexibly process the tail section of the workpiece.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the production line in the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the flexible feeding device in the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the sports car panel device in the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the punching device in the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the gantry in the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional composite mold in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the secondary clamping and positioning device in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • this embodiment provides a multi-station profile hydraulic punching production line, including a flexible feeding device 1, a punching device 2 and a secondary clamping and positioning device 2.5 arranged in sequence according to the feeding direction of the workpiece 4 ;
  • the flexible feeding device 1 is used to transport the workpiece 4 to the punching device 2.
  • the punching device 2 includes at least two gantry frames arranged in sequence, and the gantry frame located at the starting end is fixed, and the others are movable. There are three punching units corresponding to the surface of the workpiece 4.
  • the flexible feeding device 1 is provided with at least one fixed primary clamping and positioning device 1.2.
  • the primary clamping and positioning device 1.2 and the secondary clamping and positioning device 2.5 continuously clamp the workpiece. 4.
  • a fixed gantry is set up to provide a reference position for punching, and the remaining movable gantry moves to a suitable distance to punch holes in conjunction with the fixed gantry, and each gantry is equipped with three punching units that can punch three different sides of the workpiece 4 Simultaneous punching is achieved, which improves punching efficiency; in addition, the secondary clamping and positioning device 2.5 compensates to complete the hole position processing of the 4 tail sections of the workpiece, achieving tail-free processing.
  • Photovoltaic C-shaped steel generally has six workstations to meet the punching needs.
  • the number of moving gantry can be increased to increase the number of punching workstations. Adding one gantry will also increase the number of three punching workstations. Bit.
  • the flexible feeding device 1 is provided with a sports car plate device 1.3 and a guide rail 1.4.
  • the sports car plate device 1.3 is provided with a pneumatic clamping device 1.3.7 for clamping the workpiece.
  • the sports car plate device 1.3 moves along the guide rail 1.4 .
  • the flexible feeding device 1 has a frame 1.1, which is made of a frame welded by high-quality rectangular tubes.
  • the frame 1.1 is aged and has a plurality of evenly distributed primary clamping and positioning devices 1.2 and 1.2 in the workpiece feeding direction.
  • the height-adjustable roller device 1.6 and the primary clamping and positioning device 1.2 ensure that the workpiece 4 is on the same plane as the mold.
  • the primary clamping and positioning device 1.2 consists of two symmetrically arranged pneumatic pressing units, which are used to press the two parts of the workpiece 4 side.
  • the roller device 1.6 is adjustable according to the height center of the workpiece to reduce the transmission resistance during transportation.
  • the sports car plate device 1.3 moves by cooperating with the guide rail 1.4 gear rack. Specifically, the guide rail 1.4 and the slider 1.3.5 are used for guidance.
  • the slider backing plate 1.3.6 is set between the slider 1.3.5 and the sports car plate 1.3.1.
  • the lower part of the mobile gantry 2.2 is equipped with a guide chute 2.4, which is a movable structure. According to the 4-hole distance of the workpiece, the mobile gantry 2.2 moves to the designated position.
  • Punching units are distributed on the upper, left and right sides of each gantry.
  • the upper side of the fixed gantry 2.1 is a large thrust hydraulic cylinder and the rest are small thrust hydraulic cylinders.
  • a three-dimensional composite mold 2.3 is installed at the end of each hydraulic cylinder. Completed At least two hole types are processed on the top and both sides of the workpiece 4 profile.
  • a secondary clamping and positioning device 2.5 is provided on the back side of the punching device for punching the tail material of the workpiece 4.
  • each gantry is composed of a bottom plate 2.2.1, a vertical plate 2.2.2, a side plate 2.2.5, and a top plate 2.2.4.
  • the side plate 2.2.5 and the top plate 2.2.4 are equipped with hydraulic cylinders.
  • the gantry A lower pressing device 2.2.3 is installed on the side to press the upper surface of the workpiece. It is synchronized with the punching action of the punching unit. The pneumatic lower pressing action makes the punching unit punch once.
  • the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder installed on the gantry is installed with a connecting sleeve.
  • the outer ring of the connecting sleeve is installed and connected with the photoelectric switch bracket 2.8. Adjust the front limit and rear limit of the hydraulic cylinder stroke. , install the T-shaped slot 2.3.2 of the connecting punch on the end of the connecting sleeve.
  • each gantry is equipped with a three-dimensional composite mold 2.3.
  • the three-dimensional composite mold 2.3 is provided with a space for the workpiece 4 to pass through. There is a fixed mold core in the space. Three punching units are installed from the top and both sides of the space respectively. Pierce for stamping.
  • the three-dimensional composite mold 2.3 is installed on the bottom plate 2.2.1 of the gantry, and the left and right sides are positioned by the limit plates 2.2.6 welded to the gantry.
  • the three-dimensional composite mold 2.3 is provided with a bottom plate 2.3.1 and a groove on the upper part.
  • the base 2.3.7 used to install the mold core is tightly connected to the bottom plate 2.3.1 through a cylindrical pin.
  • the space consists of the first guide plate 2.3.4, the second guide plate 2.3.5 and the upper top plate.
  • the first guide plate 2.3.4 and the second guide plate 2.3.5 are fixed on the bottom plate 2.3.1, and are fixed on the bottom plate of the mold core.
  • Punch 2.3.3 for punching the workpiece 4 is installed on both sides and the top.
  • the punch 2.3.3 is a part of the punching unit that performs punching.
  • the base 2.3.7 is inlaid with inserts 2.3.6 in three directions.
  • the punch 2.3.3 passes through the first guide plate 2.3.4 and the second guide plate 2.3.5 and the inserts 2.3.6 to punch the workpiece 4. Changing the specifications of workpiece 4 requires only punch 2.3.3 and insert 2.3.6.
  • the secondary clamping and positioning device 2.5 is movable and can flexibly process the tail section of the workpiece. As shown in Figure 7, the secondary clamping and positioning device 2.5 uses a guide rail 2.7 for guidance, a rack 2.6 for gear meshing and a reduction device 2.5 .4 combined transmission, driven by servo motor 2.5.3, rack 2.6 installed on one side of guide rail 2.7, driven by cylinder 2.5.1, workpiece 4 passes through bridge 2.5.2, automatically clamped, and the tail punching process of workpiece 4 is completed according to the program .
  • the secondary clamping and positioning device 2.5 includes three pneumatic pressing units for pressing the top surface and two side surfaces of the workpiece 4 .
  • This embodiment provides a method for a multi-station profile hydraulic punching production line according to Embodiment 1, including the following steps:
  • the flexible feeding device 1 transports the workpiece 4 to the punching device 2 for processing the workpiece 4.
  • the movable gantry drives the punching unit and the punching unit on the fixed gantry to punch holes at different positions.
  • the primary clamping and positioning device 1.2 When the workpiece 4 is processed in the initial section It is clamped by the primary clamping and positioning device 1.2.
  • the middle section of the workpiece 4 is clamped by the cooperation of the primary clamping and positioning device 1.2 and the secondary clamping and positioning device 2.5.
  • the tail section of the workpiece 4 is clamped by the secondary clamping and positioning device 2.5. .
  • the production line also includes a hydraulic station 3 and a CNC control center 5.
  • the hydraulic station 3 mainly provides driving force for the punching device 2 to punch, and the CNC control center 5 controls the feeding of the flexible feeding device 1, the punching of the punching device, and Clamping positioning of the primary clamping and positioning device 1.2 and the secondary clamping and positioning device 2.5.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Punching Or Piercing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于型材冲孔技术领域，特别涉及一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线及方法，包括按照工件进给方向依次布置的柔性进给装置、冲孔装置和二次夹紧定位装置；其中，所述柔性进给装置用于向所述冲孔装置输送工件，所述冲孔装置包括至少两个依次布置的龙门架，且位于起始端的所述龙门架为固定，其余可移动，各所述龙门架内设有对应工件表面的三个冲孔单元，所述柔性进给装置上设有至少一个固定的一次夹紧定位装置，所述一次夹紧定位装置与所述二次夹紧定位装置接续夹紧工件；本发明能够提高冲孔效率，并且能够实现无尾料加工。

Description

一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线及方法 技术领域
本发明属于型材冲孔技术领域，特别涉及一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线及方法。
背景技术
光伏边框是光伏发电的支撑组件，其用量越来越大，现有光伏边框主要采用C型钢，在其组装成支撑组件前需要在C型钢冲出安装孔，为了提高冲孔效率，通常采用多工位冲床进行生产制造。
现有多工位冲床只能同时对C型钢工件的一个面加工，虽然经一次装夹能加工出多个孔来，但要完成型材空间三维表面加工，需要三次翻转定位装夹、冲裁完成，显然会大大降低加工效率及孔间位置精度；另外，冲孔布置为并列排列，占据的空间较大，在C型钢工件加工到最后时，C型钢工件的剩余部分由于长度过短，无法对其进行夹持加工，导致剩余很多尾料，造成材料的浪费，增大加工成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线及方法，以解决现有技术中存在的多工位冲床单面加工效率低以及无法加工尾料问题。为了实现上述目的，本发明通过如下的技术方案来解决：
第一方面，本发明提供了一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线，包括按照工件进给方向依次布置的柔性进给装置、冲孔装置和二次夹紧定位装置；
其中，所述柔性进给装置用于向所述冲孔装置输送工件，所述冲孔装置包括 至少两个依次布置的龙门架，且位于起始端的所述龙门架为固定，其余可移动，各所述龙门架内设有对应工件表面的三个冲孔单元，所述柔性进给装置上设有至少一个固定的一次夹紧定位装置，所述一次夹紧定位装置与所述二次夹紧定位装置接续夹紧工件。
作为进一步的技术方案，各所述龙门架安装有三维复合模，所述三维复合模设有工件通过的空间，所述空间内设有固定的模芯，三个所述的冲孔单元分别从所述空间顶部和两侧部穿入进行冲压。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述柔性进给装置在工件进给方向上设有多个可调高度的托辊装置。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述柔性进给装置设有跑车板装置和导轨，所述跑车板装置设有夹持工件的气动夹紧装置，所述跑车板装置沿所述导轨移动。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述跑车板装置通过与所述导轨齿轮齿条配合进行移动。
作为进一步的技术方案，各所述龙门架设有压紧工件上表面的下压紧装置，与所述冲孔单元的冲压动作同步。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述二次夹紧定位装置可移动。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述一次夹紧定位装置包括对称布置的两个气动压紧单元，用于压紧工件的两个侧面。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述二次夹紧定位装置包括三个气动压紧单元，用于压紧工件的顶面以及两个侧面。
第二方面，本发明提供了根据如第一方面所述多工位型材冲孔生产线的冲孔方法，包括以下步骤：
柔性进给装置向冲孔装置输送工件进行加工工件，活动的龙门架带动冲孔单元与固定的龙门架上的冲孔单元冲压不同位置的孔，在工件起始段加工时依靠一次夹紧定位装置夹紧，在工件中间段依靠一次夹紧定位装置和二次夹紧定位装置配合夹紧，在工件尾料段由二次夹紧定位装置夹紧。
上述本发明的有益效果如下：
(1)本发明设置一个固定的龙门架为冲孔提供位置提供基准，其余可移动龙门架移动至合适距离与固定的龙门架联动打孔，并且各龙门架设有三个冲孔单元可以对工件的三个不同面实现多工位同时冲孔加工，提高了冲孔效率。
(2)本发明在工件起始段加工时可以依靠一次夹紧定位装置夹紧，在工件中间段依靠一次夹紧定位装置和二次夹紧定位装置配合夹紧，在工件尾料段由二次夹紧定位装置夹紧，其中二次夹紧定位装置补偿完成工件尾料段孔位加工，实现整根工件无尾料加工。
(3)本发明的二次夹紧定位装置为可移动的，能够灵活地对工件尾料段实现加工。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限定。还应当理解，这些附图是为了简化和清楚而示出的，并且不一定按比例绘制。现在将通过使用附图以附加的特征和细节来描述和解释本发明，其中：
图1示出了本发明实施例中生产线整体结构示意图；
图2示出了本发明实施例中柔性进给装置示意图；
图3示出了本发明实施例中跑车板装置示意图；
图4示出了本发明实施例中冲孔装置示意图；
图5示出了本发明实施例中龙门架示意图；
图6示出了本发明实施例中三维复合模示意图；
图7示出了本发明实施例中二次夹紧定位装置示意图。
图中：1、柔性进给装置；2、冲孔装置；3、液压站；4、工件；5、CNC控制中心；1.1、机架；1.2、一次夹紧定位装置；1.3、跑车板装置；1.4、导轨；1.5、齿条；1.6、托辊装置；1.7、挡块；1.8、限位光电开关；1.3.1、跑车板、1.3.2、伺服电机；1.3.3、减速装置；1.3.4、齿轮；1.3.5、滑块；1.3.6、滑块垫板、1.3.7、气动夹紧装置；1.3.8、夹嘴上唇；1.3.9、夹嘴下唇；1.3.10、油排；2.1、固定龙门架；2.2、移动龙门架；2.3、三维复合模；2.4、导向滑槽；2.5、二次夹紧定位装置；2.6、齿条；2.7、导轨；2.8、光电开关支架；2.2.1、底板；2.2.2、立板；2.2.3、下压紧装置；2.2.4、顶板；2.2.5、侧板；2.2.6、限位板；2.3.1、底板；2.3.2、T型槽；2.3.3、冲头；2.3.4、第一导向板；2.3.5、第二导向板；2.3.6、镶件；2.3.7、底座；2.5.1、气缸；2.5.2、过桥；2.5.3、伺服电机；2.5.4、减速装置。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明典型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
实施例1
如图1所示，本实施例提供了一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线，包括按照工件4进给方向依次布置的柔性进给装置1、冲孔装置2和二次夹紧定位装置2.5；
其中，柔性进给装置1用于向冲孔装置2输送工件4，冲孔装置2包括至少两个依次布置的龙门架，且位于起始端的龙门架为固定，其余可移动，各龙门架 内设有对应工件4表面的三个冲孔单元，柔性进给装置1上设有至少一个固定的一次夹紧定位装置1.2，一次夹紧定位装置1.2与二次夹紧定位装置2.5接续夹紧工件4。
设置一个固定的龙门架为冲孔提供位置提供基准，其余可移动龙门架移动至合适距离与固定的龙门架联动打孔，并且各龙门架设有三个冲孔单元可以对工件4的三个不同面实现同时冲孔，提高了冲孔效率；另外，二次夹紧定位装置2.5补偿完成工件4尾料段孔位加工，实现无尾料加工。
本实施例中，如图2所示，固定的龙门架为一个，即固定龙门架2.1，移动的龙门架设置一个，即移动龙门架2.2。光伏C型钢一般六工位能够满足冲孔需要，在其他一些实施例中，可以增加移动的龙门架数量以增加冲孔的工位，增加一个龙门架相应地也就增加三个冲孔的工位。
如图2和图3所示，柔性进给装置1设有跑车板装置1.3和导轨1.4，跑车板装置1.3设有夹持工件的气动夹紧装置1.3.7，跑车板装置1.3沿导轨1.4移动。
具体的，柔性进给装置1具有机架1.1，其采用优质矩形管焊接而成的框架，机架1.1时效处理，其在工件进给方向上设有多个均匀分布一次夹紧定位装置1.2和可调高度的托辊装置1.6，一次夹紧定位装置1.2确保工件4与模具同一平面，一次夹紧定位装置1.2由对称布置的两个气动压紧单元组成，用于压紧工件4的两个侧面。托辊装置1.6根据工件高度中心可调，在输送中减少传送阻力。
跑车板装置1.3通过与导轨1.4齿轮齿条配合进行移动。具体的，采用导轨1.4和滑块1.3.5导向，滑块1.3.5与跑车板1.3.1之间设置滑块垫板1.3.6，齿条1.5和齿轮1.3.4啮合及减速装置1.3.3联合传动，伺服电机1.3.2驱动， 齿条1.5安装导轨1.4一侧，跑车板1.3.1上安装气动夹紧装置1.3.7和油排1.3.10，油泵与控制器连接，通过输送管连接滑块1.3.5油嘴定期润滑滑块1.3.5与导轨1.4，气动夹紧装置1.3.7夹嘴下唇1.3.9安装感应开关，气缸驱动，夹嘴上唇1.3.8和夹嘴下唇1.3.9夹持工件4，机架1.1尾部安装限位光电开关1.8及挡块1.7硬限位，感应跑车板1.3.1下部的滑块垫板1.3.6极限位置，按照工件4加工程序实现等距、不等距自动定长进给送料。
如图4所示，移动龙门架2.2下部安装导向滑槽2.4，可移动式结构，根据工件4孔距，移动龙门架2.2移动到指定位置。每个龙门架上侧、左侧、右侧均分布冲孔单元，固定龙门架2.1上侧为大推力液压缸其余均为小推力液压缸，每个液压缸端部安装三维复合模2.3，完成工件4型材上面、两侧面各至少两种孔型的加工，冲孔装置后侧设置二次夹紧定位装置2.5，用于工件4尾料的冲孔。
如图5所示，各龙门架由底板2.2.1、立板2.2.2、侧板2.2.5、顶板2.2.4拼接组成，侧板2.2.5和顶板2.2.4安装液压缸，龙门架侧部安装压紧工件上表面的下压紧装置2.2.3，与冲孔单元的冲压动作同步，气动下压紧动作，冲孔单元动作冲压一次。
如图4、图5和图6所示，龙门架上安装的液压缸的活塞杆安装连接套，连接套外圈安装连接安装光电开关支架2.8，调整液压缸行程的前限位和后限位，连接套端部安装连接冲头的T型槽2.3.2。
如图6所示，各龙门架安装有三维复合模2.3，三维复合模2.3设有工件4通过的空间，空间内设有固定的模芯，三个冲孔单元分别从空间顶部和两侧部穿入进行冲压。
具体的，三维复合模2.3安装在龙门架底板2.2.1上，左右靠焊接在龙门架 的限位板2.2.6定位，三维复合模2.3设有底板2.3.1，且上部设有一个凹槽用于安装模芯的底座2.3.7，底座2.3.7通过圆柱销和底板2.3.1紧密连接。
空间由第一导向板2.3.4和第二导向板2.3.5以及上部的顶板组成，第一导向板2.3.4、第二导向板2.3.5固定在底板2.3.1上，在模芯的两侧以及顶部均安装有对工件4进行冲裁的冲头2.3.3，冲头2.3.3为冲孔单元的执行冲压的零件。底座2.3.7镶嵌有三个方向的镶件2.3.6，冲头2.3.3穿过第一导向板2.3.4和第二导向板2.3.5、镶件2.3.6对工件4进行冲裁，改变工件4规格仅需冲头2.3.3和镶件2.3.6。
二次夹紧定位装置2.5可移动，能够灵活的对工件尾料段实现加工，具体的如图7所示，二次夹紧定位装置2.5采用导轨2.7导向，齿条2.6齿轮啮合及减速装置2.5.4联合传动，伺服电机2.5.3驱动，齿条2.6安装导轨2.7一侧，气缸2.5.1驱动，工件4通过过桥2.5.2，自动夹紧，按照程序完成工件4尾料冲孔加工。
在本实施例中，二次夹紧定位装置2.5包括三个气动压紧单元，用于压紧工件4的顶面以及两个侧面。
实施例2
本实施例提供了根据实施例1中多工位型材液压冲孔生产线的方法，包括以下步骤：
柔性进给装置1向冲孔装置2输送工件4进行加工工件4，活动的龙门架带动冲孔单元与固定的龙门架上的冲孔单元冲压不同位置的孔，在工件4起始段加工时依靠一次夹紧定位装置1.2夹紧，在工件4中间段依靠一次夹紧定位装置1.2和二次夹紧定位装置2.5配合夹紧，在工件4尾料段由二次夹紧定位装置2.5夹 紧。
生产线还包括液压站3和CNC控制中心5，液压站3主要为冲孔装置2进行冲孔提供驱动力，CNC控制中心5控制驱动柔性进给装置1的进给，冲孔装置的冲孔以及一次夹紧定位装置1.2和二次夹紧定位装置2.5的夹紧定位。
本发明虽然己以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并不是用来限定本发明，任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，都可以利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出可能的变动和修改，因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线，其特征在于，包括按照工件进给方向依次布置的柔性进给装置、冲孔装置和二次夹紧定位装置；
    其中，所述柔性进给装置用于向所述冲孔装置输送工件，所述冲孔装置包括至少两个依次布置的龙门架，且位于起始端的所述龙门架为固定，其余可移动，各所述龙门架内设有对应工件表面的三个冲孔单元，所述柔性进给装置上设有至少一个固定的一次夹紧定位装置，所述一次夹紧定位装置与所述二次夹紧定位装置接续夹紧工件。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线，其特征在于，各所述龙门架安装有三维复合模，所述三维复合模设有工件通过的空间，所述空间内设有固定的模芯，三个所述的冲孔单元分别从所述空间顶部和两侧部穿入进行冲压。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线，其特征在于，所述柔性进给装置在工件进给方向上设有多个可调高度的托辊装置。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线，其特征在于，所述柔性进给装置设有跑车板装置和导轨，所述跑车板装置设有夹持工件的气动夹紧装置，所述跑车板装置沿所述导轨移动。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线，其特征在于，所述跑车板装置通过与所述导轨齿轮齿条配合进行移动。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线，其特征在于，各所述龙门架设有压紧工件上表面的下压紧装置，与所述冲孔单元的冲压动作同步。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线，其特征在于，所述二次夹紧定位装置可移动。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线，其特征在于，所述一次夹紧定位装置包括对称布置的两个气动压紧单元，用于压紧工件的两个侧面。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的一种多工位型材液压冲孔生产线，其特征在于，所述二次夹紧定位装置包括三个气动压紧单元，用于压紧工件的顶面以及两个侧面。
  10. 根据如权利要求1-9任一项所述多工位型材液压冲孔生产线的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    柔性进给装置向冲孔装置输送工件进行加工工件，活动的龙门架带动冲孔单元与固定的龙门架上的冲孔单元冲压不同位置的孔，在工件起始段加工时依靠一次夹紧定位装置夹紧，在工件中间段依靠一次夹紧定位装置和二次夹紧定位装置配合夹紧，在工件尾料段由二次夹紧定位装置夹紧。
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