WO2023179212A1 - 一种防堵塞抗磨损多级泵 - Google Patents

一种防堵塞抗磨损多级泵 Download PDF

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WO2023179212A1
WO2023179212A1 PCT/CN2023/074362 CN2023074362W WO2023179212A1 WO 2023179212 A1 WO2023179212 A1 WO 2023179212A1 CN 2023074362 W CN2023074362 W CN 2023074362W WO 2023179212 A1 WO2023179212 A1 WO 2023179212A1
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pump
pressure water
stage
impeller
internal circulation
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PCT/CN2023/074362
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩勇
周岭
蒋磊
白宏恩
陆伟刚
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江苏大学流体机械温岭研究院
江苏大学
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Publication of WO2023179212A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023179212A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D1/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D1/06—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D1/08—Multi-stage pumps the stages being situated concentrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/445—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D7/00—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04D7/02—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type
    • F04D7/04—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type the fluids being viscous or non-homogenous
    • F04D7/045—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type the fluids being viscous or non-homogenous with means for comminuting, mixing stirring or otherwise treating

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of fluid machinery, and specifically relates to a multi-stage pump that utilizes internal circulation high-pressure water jets to improve anti-clogging and anti-wear properties.
  • multi-stage pumps are the heart of the entire transportation system, and ensuring their safe and reliable operation is the top priority.
  • the environment in which multi-stage pumps are used is changeable and complex, and it is common for the pumping medium to contain sand or solid particles.
  • the current focus is on how to improve its hydraulic performance and reduce axial force.
  • problems such as abrasion and wear of key hydraulic components and running jam caused by multi-stage pumps transporting sandy water need to be solved urgently.
  • Patent CN106194776A proposes a deep well pump with a self-drainage structure.
  • the self-drainage structure of the deep well pump arranges the upper cover plate of the guide vane at an angle and sets up sand drainage holes, relying on the gravity of solid particles such as gravel to deposit and discharge them under the action of pressure difference.
  • solid particles such as gravel still need to flow through the key hydraulic components in the pump again, causing secondary wear and tear, and the sand discharge holes are easily blocked.
  • Patent CN111425405A proposes an anti-clogging, anti-siltation and anti-wear slurry transport pump with self-cleaning function.
  • This slurry conveying pump arranges a high-pressure clean water auxiliary device outside the pump casing and connects the high-pressure water drainage structure of the working chamber to form a local high-pressure water flow, which prevents clogging and stagnation during the slurry conveying process and siltation after the pump is stopped, and alleviates the impact of solid particles on components. Impact wear on the surface.
  • This high-pressure clean water auxiliary device uses a high-pressure centrifugal pump and relies on equipment other than the slurry transfer pump to provide high-pressure water. This not only increases the product cost, but the vibration generated by its operation may affect the operation stability of the slurry transfer pump.
  • the high-pressure water directly impacts the front and rear chambers of the pump, causing severe and large amounts of vortex generation, which increases the disc friction loss.
  • the present invention provides a structure for reducing the leakage of the multi-stage pump port ring and reducing particle accumulation.
  • This structure inhibits the settlement of sand particles on the side of the impeller front cover, reducing the abrasion and wear of key hydraulic components; at the same time, this structure exerts a reverse impact on the secondary flow flowing through the front cavity of the impeller outlet, thereby reducing Oral ring leakage amount.
  • a multi-stage pump that uses internal circulation high-pressure water jets to improve anti-clogging and anti-wear performance. It consists of an inlet section, no less than two stages of impellers and guide vanes arranged staggered, and an outlet section in series.
  • the key is to include a high-pressure water drainage pipe. and jet ring.
  • the impeller is a closed impeller, including a front cover, a rear cover, a hub and blades.
  • the guide vane is a non-radial guide vane, and the angle ⁇ d between the inlet edge of the guide vane and the axial direction of the pump shaft satisfies: 45° ⁇ ⁇ d ⁇ 90°.
  • the jet ring is formed by a combination of the end cover and the wall of the pump casing.
  • the ring width W is 2/3 ⁇ 3/4 of the distance from the impeller outlet to the inner wall of the pump casing. It is arranged on the wall of the pump casing near the front cover of the impeller at each stage. And the flow direction of water in the jet ring is parallel to the pump axis and points to the gap between the impeller and the pump casing.
  • the drainage pipe is assembled and connected using segmented flanges, and is fixed and positioned on the outer wall of the pump through positioning holes.
  • drainage tube and the inlet end of the jet ring are connected by pipe threads.
  • the jet ring is drained by the same drainage tube mentioned above, and is branched and drained at each position of the drainage ring.
  • the use of a drainage tube to introduce internal circulating high-pressure water combined with a jet ring structure reduces the deposition of solid particles in the multi-stage pump transport medium in the cavity, and at the same time prevents solid particles from causing blockage in the narrow cavity and causing impeller jams.
  • the high-pressure water along the flow direction has a certain inhibitory effect on the secondary backflow, effectively reducing the leakage of the pump port ring. Therefore, the implementation of the present invention can effectively improve the operation reliability of the multi-stage pump and improve its hydraulic performance.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic assembly diagram of a multi-stage pump according to the present invention that utilizes internal circulation high-pressure water jets to improve anti-clogging and anti-wear properties.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the key parameters of the drainage tube and jet ring.
  • 1-inlet section 2-impeller, 3-guide vane, 4-jet ring, 5-outlet section, 6-drainage tube, 7-pipe thread, 8-front pump chamber, 9-end cover, 10-positioning hole.
  • the multi-stage pump according to the present invention uses internal circulation high-pressure water jets to improve anti-clogging and anti-wear properties, including a water inlet pipeline, no less than two stages of impellers and guide vanes arranged in a staggered manner, and an outlet pipe.
  • the roads are connected in series, and the key ones include the internal circulation high-pressure water drainage pipe and the jet ring.
  • the inlet section 1 of the multi-stage pump sucks in the conveying medium and provides kinetic energy through the high-speed rotation of the impeller 2 connected in series step by step.
  • the guide vane 3 decelerates and pressurizes.
  • the starting end of the drainage pipe 6 is connected with the outlet section 5 , water is transported from the beginning of the drainage pipe 6 to each of the jet rings 4 under the action of a huge pressure difference, thereby achieving the effect of internally circulating high-pressure water to improve particle deposition and reduce secondary flow.
  • the drainage pipe 6 is assembled and connected by segmented flange.
  • the inner diameter D 3 (1/12 ⁇ 1/10) times the impeller outlet diameter D 2 .
  • Arranged on the outer wall of the guide vane, the number of drainage tubes is Z 3 4, and they are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • the length of each two-stage or three-stage impeller is fixed and positioned by welding positioning holes 10 on the outer wall of the pump.
  • the drainage tube 6 and the jet ring 4 are connected by pipe threads.
  • the jet ring 4 is formed by a combination of the end cover 9 and the wall of the pump casing.
  • the ring width W is 2/3 ⁇ 3/4 of the distance from the impeller outlet to the inner wall of the pump casing. It is arranged on the wall of the pump casing near the front cover of the impeller at each stage. on, and the flow direction of water in the jet ring is parallel to the pump axis and points to the gap between the impeller and the pump casing.
  • the jet ring 4 is guided by the drainage tube, and branches for drainage at each drainage ring position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明设计一种利用内循环高压水射流提高防堵塞、抗磨损性能的多级泵，属于流体机械领域。因多级泵输运含沙水情况较为普遍，进而引发的关键水力部件磨蚀磨损、运行卡机等问题一直是制约其高速发展的关键难题。采用引流管结合射流环，并利用压差引出内循环高压水对叶轮出口与泵壳间隙部位进行冲击，防止固体颗粒在前泵腔内沉积造成磨损或运行卡机，同时对二次回流起到抑制作用，提高水力性能。该发明主要用于深海矿产开采、矿山排水排沙、污水治理等输运介质含固体颗粒的行业。

Description

一种防堵塞抗磨损多级泵 技术领域
本发明属于流体机械领域，具体涉及一种利用内循环高压水射流提高防堵塞、抗磨损性能的多级泵。
 背景技术
在深海矿产开采、矿山排水排沙、污水治理等国民经济重要行业中，多级泵作为整个输运系统的心脏，保障其安全可靠运行是首要任务。多级泵使用环境多变且复杂，抽送介质中含沙石或固体颗粒的情况较为普遍。然而，目前在设计多级泵时，关注点集中在如何提高其水力性能和减小轴向力等方面，缺乏对多级泵输运介质为含沙水时如何有效提高运行可靠性的研究。因此，多级泵输运含沙水引发的关键水力部件磨蚀磨损、运行卡机等问题亟待解决。
专利CN106194776A提出一种带自排沙结构的深井泵。该深井泵自排沙结构通过将导叶上盖板倾斜布置并设立排沙孔，依靠砂砾等固体颗粒物的重力实现沉积并在压差作用下排出。采用此结构，砂砾等固体颗粒物仍需再一次流经泵内关键水力部件，造成二次磨损，且排沙孔极易堵塞。
专利CN111425405A提出一种带有自清洗功能的防堵塞防淤积抗磨损矿浆输送泵。该矿浆输送泵通过在泵壳外侧布置高压清水辅助装置，连接工作腔的高压水引流结构形成局部高压水流，防止矿浆输送过程中的堵塞卡滞以及停泵后的淤积，并且缓解固体颗粒对部件表面的冲击磨损。该高压清水辅助装置采用高压离心泵，依靠矿浆输送泵外的装备提供高压水，不仅增加了产品成本，而且其运行产生的振动可能对矿浆输送泵运行稳定性造成影响。高压水直接冲击泵前后腔造成严重大量旋涡生成，提高了圆盘摩擦损失。
 技术解决方案
本发明针对上述缺陷及问题，提供一种用于降低多级泵口环泄露量及减小颗粒堆积的结构。该结构对叶轮前盖板侧沙粒的沉降起到抑制作用，降低关键水力部件磨蚀磨损；同时，该结构对叶轮出口流经盖板前腔的二次流起到反向冲击作用，进而降低口环泄漏量。
本发明采取的技术方案是：
一种利用内循环高压水射流提高防堵塞、抗磨损性能的多级泵，由进口段，不少于两级叶轮和导叶交错布置，出口段依次串联组成，关键的，包含高压水引流管及射流环。
所述叶轮为闭式叶轮，包含前盖板、后盖板、轮毂及叶片。
所述导叶为非径向式导叶，导叶进口边与泵轴轴向之间的夹角 θ d满足：45°≤ θ d≤90°。
所述引流管内径 D 3=（1/12~1/10）倍叶轮出口直径 D 2，始端至末端由出口段至首级叶轮出口通过等径管路布置在导叶外壁面，引流管数量 Z 3=4，且周向均匀布置。
所述射流环为端盖与泵壳壁面组合形成，环宽W为叶轮出口到泵壳内壁面距离的2/3~3/4，布置在各级叶轮前盖板附近的泵壳壁面上，且射流环中水的流动方向平行泵轴指向叶轮与泵壳间隙。
进一步的，所述引流管采用节段式法兰组装连接，并经定位孔固定和定位于泵外壁。
进一步的，所述引流管与射流环进口端采用管螺纹连接。
进一步的，所述射流环轴向位置布置在每级叶轮进口与叶轮出口之间，射流环与叶轮出口侧前盖板的最大轴向距离 L h=（1/10~1/5） L s,  L s为叶轮进出口前盖板轴向间距。
进一步的，射流环由上述同一引流管引流，并在各个引流环位置分支引流。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：
采用引流管引入内循环高压水结合射流环结构，降低了多级泵输运介质中的固体颗粒在腔体中的沉积，同时可避免固体颗粒在狭小腔体中造成堵塞引发叶轮卡机。沿流动方向的高压水对二次回流起到一定的抑制作用，有效减小泵口环泄漏。因此，本发明的实施可有效提高多级泵运行可靠性及改善其水力性能。
 附图说明
图1为本发明一种利用内循环高压水射流提高防堵塞、抗磨损性能的多级泵装配示意图。
图2为引流管与射流环的关键参数标注示意图。
其中：1-进口段，2-叶轮，3-导叶，4-射流环，5-出口段，6-引流管，7-管螺纹，8-前泵腔，9-端盖，10-定位孔。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明，但发明的保护范围并不限于此。
如图1所示，本发明所述的一种利用内循环高压水射流提高防堵塞、抗磨损性能的多级泵，包括进水管路、不少于两级叶轮和导叶交错布置，出水管路依次串联组成，关键的，包括内循环高压水引流管及射流环。
所述多级泵进口段1吸入输送介质，经逐级串联的所述叶轮2高速旋转提供动能，所述导叶3降速增压，所述引流管6始端与所述出口段5相连通，水在巨大压差作用下由所述引流管6始端输送至各所述射流环4，从而达到内循环高压水改善颗粒沉积和减小二次流的作用。
所述引流管6采用节段式法兰组装连接，内径 D 3=（1/12~1/10）倍叶轮出口直径 D 2，始端至末端由出口段至首级叶轮出口通过等径管路布置在导叶外壁面，引流管数量 Z 3=4，且周向均匀布置。当其总体长度过长时，每两级或三级叶轮长度由泵外壁面焊接定位孔10固定和定位。
所述引流管6与射流环4采用管螺纹连接。
所述射流环4为端盖9与泵壳壁面组合形成，环宽W为叶轮出口到泵壳内壁面距离的2/3~3/4，布置在各级叶轮前盖板附近的泵壳壁面上，且射流环中水的流动方向平行泵轴指向叶轮与泵壳间隙。
所述射流环4轴向位置布置在每级叶轮进口与叶轮出口之间，射流环与叶轮出口侧前盖板的最大轴向距离 L h=（1/10~1/5） L s,  L s为叶轮进出口前盖板轴向间距。所述射流环4由所述引流管引流，并在各个引流环位置分支引流。
所述实施例为本发明的优选实施方式，但并非对本发明作出任何限制，在不背离本发明实质内容的情况下，熟悉本领域技术人员做出的任何显而易见的修改、替换或变型均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种利用内循环高压水射流提高防堵塞、抗磨损性能的多级泵，由进口段（1），不少于两级叶轮（2）和导叶（3）交错布置，出口段（5）依次串联组成，其特征在于，还包括高压水引流管（6）及射流环（4），两者通过管螺纹连接；在所述出口段（5）设置引流管进口，在压差作用下将水输运至所述射流环（4）。
  2.  根据权利要求1所述的一种利用内循环高压水射流提高防堵塞、抗磨损性能的多级泵，其特征在于，所述导叶（3）为非径向式导叶，导叶进口边与泵轴轴向之间的夹角 θ d满足：45°≤ θ d≤90°。
  3.  根据权利要求1所述的一种利用内循环高压水射流提高防堵塞、抗磨损性能的多级泵，其特征在于，引流管内径 D 3=（1/12~1/10）倍叶轮出口直径 D 2，引流管数量 Z 3=4，且周向均匀布置。
  4.  根据权利要求1所述的一种利用内循环高压水射流提高防堵塞、抗磨损性能的多级泵，其特征在于，所述射流环（4）为端盖（9）与泵壳壁面组合形成，环宽W为叶轮出口到泵壳内壁面距离的2/3~3/4。
  5.  根据权利要求4所述的一种利用内循环高压水射流提高防堵塞、抗磨损性能的多级泵，其特征在于，所述射流环（4）轴向位置布置在每级叶轮进口与叶轮出口之间，所述射流环（4）与叶轮出口侧前盖板的最大轴向距离 L h=（1/10~1/5） L s,  L s为叶轮进出口前盖板轴向间距。
PCT/CN2023/074362 2022-03-23 2023-02-03 一种防堵塞抗磨损多级泵 WO2023179212A1 (zh)

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CN114790989A (zh) * 2022-03-23 2022-07-26 江苏大学流体机械温岭研究院 一种防堵塞抗磨损多级泵

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