WO2023169471A1 - 一种铲钻刀片和一种组合刀片 - Google Patents

一种铲钻刀片和一种组合刀片 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023169471A1
WO2023169471A1 PCT/CN2023/080308 CN2023080308W WO2023169471A1 WO 2023169471 A1 WO2023169471 A1 WO 2023169471A1 CN 2023080308 W CN2023080308 W CN 2023080308W WO 2023169471 A1 WO2023169471 A1 WO 2023169471A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cutting
cutting surface
edge
blade
combined
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/080308
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李仕清
Original Assignee
李仕清
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202210230900.XA external-priority patent/CN114918462A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210230899.0A external-priority patent/CN114888338A/zh
Application filed by 李仕清 filed Critical 李仕清
Publication of WO2023169471A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023169471A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • B23B51/02—Twist drills

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shovel drill blade and a combination blade.
  • the shovel drill blade and the combination blade are used in the drilling and milling process of machining and benchwork maintenance.
  • the shovel drill inserts used in mechanical processing are composed of a chisel edge, a cutting edge, a cutting edge, and a side edge.
  • the cutting edge is on a cutting surface and has a single co-located cutting structure.
  • the cutting edge is within the centrifugal force transmission range of rotating cutting.
  • the cutting edge is simultaneously subjected to the rotational cutting force and the outward transmission force from the center. Under the action of the two forces, the cutting edge and the cutting edge at the intersection of the cutting edge are always easily damaged.
  • the structure of existing hole processing tools is not absolute when drilling. The swing phenomenon occurs due to balance. Simply relying on the cutting surface to stabilize the tool will cause damage to the cutting surface and cutting edge. It is generally believed that the smoother the surface, the higher the strength. The new theory is that the surface with small gaps has higher strength. None of them reveal the substance. Due to their essential structural characteristics, existing hole processing tools have low efficiency, are easily damaged, have poor stability, and have poor drilling accuracy.
  • the combined blades used in mechanical processing are composed of chisel edge, cutting edge, cutting edge, and side edge.
  • the cutting edge is on a cutting surface and has a single co-located cutting structure.
  • the cutting edge is within the centrifugal force transmission range of rotating cutting.
  • the cutting edge is subject to both the rotational cutting force and the outward conduction force from the center. Under the action of the two forces, the cutting edge at the intersection of the cutting edge and the cutting edge is always easily damaged.
  • the structure of existing hole processing tools is not absolutely balanced when drilling. When the wobbling phenomenon occurs, simply relying on the cutting surface to stabilize the tool will cause damage to the cutting surface and cutting edge. It is generally believed that the smoother the surface, the higher the strength. The new theory is that the surface with small gaps has higher strength. None of them reveal the nature of the material. Due to their essential structural characteristics, existing hole processing tools have low efficiency, are easily damaged, have poor stability, and have poor drilling accuracy.
  • the present invention is proposed in view of one of the above-mentioned problems, with the purpose of providing a shovel drill blade that has the function of blocking conductive force, has high heat dissipation efficiency, high strength, long life, and can be used during drilling. It is easy to locate and has high drilling accuracy. It is generally believed that the smoother the surface, the higher the strength. The new theory in recent years is that the surface with tiny gaps has higher strength. Neither of them reveals the essential structural characteristics of the material. In both When the solid volume is the same, the surface area of the dispersed small-volume solid is greater than the surface area of the whole solid.
  • a shovel drill blade relates to a drilling tool for machining.
  • the blade has a cutting surface along the axial center facing the cutting direction.
  • the bottom of the cutting surface is integrally provided with a cutting groove.
  • the shovel drill blade has a cutting groove along the axial center.
  • the surface that rotates toward the cutting direction forms a cutting surface.
  • the surface of the tip of the blade facing backward in the rotation direction is the rear cutting surface.
  • the surface on the outer side in the rotation direction is the secondary cutting surface.
  • the intersection of the cutting surface and the rear cutting surface forms a cutting edge.
  • the cutting surface intersects with the secondary cutting surface to form a secondary edge, at least the rear cutting surfaces on both sides intersect to form a chisel edge, the secondary cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a side edge, the cutting surface of the shovel drill blade is integrated
  • a micro-reinforced grading table is set upright, and the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table integrally forms a convex graded cutting surface; the micro-reinforced grading table intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a micro-reinforced side cutting edge; the graded cutting surface
  • the intersection of the surface and the rear cutting surface forms a graded cutting edge; the rear cutting surfaces on both sides of the shovel drill blade intersect at the axial center to form a chisel edge; both sides of the chisel edge are chamfered to form a chamfered cutting surface.
  • Corner blade and top blade; the shovel drill blade is provided with positioning holes and positioning grooves.
  • a shovel drill blade relates to a drilling tool for machining.
  • the blade has a cutting surface along the axial center facing the cutting direction.
  • the bottom of the cutting surface is integrally provided with a cutting groove.
  • the shovel drill blade has a cutting groove along the axial center.
  • the surface that rotates toward the cutting direction forms a cutting surface.
  • the surface of the tip of the blade facing backward in the rotation direction is the rear cutting surface.
  • the surface on the outer side in the rotation direction is the secondary cutting surface.
  • the intersection of the cutting surface and the rear cutting surface forms a cutting edge.
  • the cutting surface intersects with the secondary cutting surface to form a secondary edge, at least the rear cutting surfaces on both sides intersect to form a chisel edge, the secondary cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a side edge, the cutting surface of the shovel drill blade is integrated
  • a multi-stage micro-reinforced grading table is set upright, and the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table integrally forms a convex multi-level graded cutting surface; the micro-reinforced grading table intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a multi-stage micro-reinforced side cutting edge.
  • the intersection of the graded cutting surface and the rear cutting surface forms a multi-stage graded cutting edge; the rear cutting surfaces on both sides of the shovel drill insert intersect at the axial center to form a chisel edge; the chamfers on both sides of the chisel edge form It has a chamfering cutting surface, a chamfering edge and a top edge; the shovel drill blade is provided with positioning holes and positioning grooves.
  • a shovel drill blade relates to a drilling tool for machining.
  • the blade has a cutting surface along the axial center facing the cutting direction.
  • the bottom of the cutting surface is integrally provided with a cutting groove.
  • the shovel drill blade has a cutting groove along the axial center.
  • the face of rotation facing the cutting direction forms a cutting surface, and the tip of the blade facing backward in the direction of rotation
  • the surface is the rear cutting surface, and the surface on the outer side in the direction of rotation is the secondary cutting surface.
  • the cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a cutting edge, and the cutting surface intersects with the secondary cutting surface to form a secondary edge. At least the rear cutting surfaces on both sides intersect.
  • a chisel edge is formed, and the secondary cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a side edge.
  • a multi-stage micro-reinforced grading table is integrally provided, and the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table is integrally formed.
  • the spade drill insert is provided with at least one step starting from the central chisel edge in a manner that the height of the rear cutting surface decreases toward the outer side edge.
  • the cutting edge of the spade drill insert is provided with at least one notch edge, and the notch edge extends toward the rear cutting surface to form at least one groove.
  • the rear cutting surfaces on both sides of the spade drill blade intersect at the axial center to form a chisel edge; the top edge formed by chamfering on both sides of the chisel edge is a reduced chisel edge.
  • the rear cutting surfaces on both sides of the spade drill insert intersect at the axial center to form a chisel edge; the top edge formed by chamfering on both sides of the chisel edge is a sharp edge without a chisel edge.
  • cooling holes are provided in the tool shank and tool head strips of the spade drill insert.
  • the spade drill insert is provided with multiple steps starting from the central chisel edge in such a manner that the height of the rear cutting surface decreases toward the outer side edge.
  • the cutting edge of the spade drill insert is provided with a plurality of notch edges, and the notch edges extend toward the rear cutting surface to form a plurality of grooves.
  • the stepped central surface or the perforated cutting surface or the micro-cut surface with millimeter strength is provided in a groove shape along the axial direction.
  • the angle at which the outermost cutting edge of the spade drill blade intersects with the secondary cutting edge is an acute angle, a right angle, or an obtuse angle.
  • the present invention also aims to provide a combined blade, which has the function of blocking conductive force, high heat dissipation efficiency, high strength, long life, easy positioning during drilling processing, high drilling accuracy, and is generally used by people.
  • the understanding is that the smoother the surface, the higher the strength.
  • the new theory in recent years is that the surface with tiny gaps is The strength is higher, and neither of them reveals the essential structural characteristics of matter.
  • the surface area of the small-volume solid dispersed into them is greater than the surface area of the whole solid. Even when the overall structure of the solid reaches a certain volume limit, Diamond can also break.
  • the volume is stressed, the sum of the stress strengths of a small solid solid is much greater than the stress strength of the whole solid. It has been experimentally verified that on cutting tools under normal physical conditions, millimeter-level The most obvious high-strength characteristic is millimeter strength.
  • the present invention is an application with millimeter strength in a combined blade.
  • a kind of combined blade at least two combined blades are fixed on a mechanically processed combined tool through a screw.
  • the combined blade is integrally composed of at least one or more structures in the cutting direction, and the structure in each cutting direction independently completes the combined tool.
  • a cutting surface is formed on the surface of the combined blade facing the cutting direction, and a cutting groove is integrally provided at the bottom of the cutting surface.
  • a cutting surface is formed on the surface of the combined blade facing the front end in the rotation direction.
  • the combined blade is backward in the rotation direction.
  • the top surface is the rear cutting surface, and the cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a cutting edge.
  • the cutting surface of the combined blade is integrally provided with an erected micro-reinforced grading table along the axial direction of the rotation center of the combined tool.
  • the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table integrally forms a convex graded cutting surface;
  • the structure of the cutting direction of the combined blade is all the structures of the combined blade participating in cutting or assisting cutting on the combined tool at the same time;
  • the micro-reinforced grading table and The rear cutting surface intersects to form a side cutting edge; the graded cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a micro-reinforced split cutting edge;
  • the combined blade is provided with a positioning hole.
  • a kind of combined blade at least two combined blades are fixed on a mechanically processed combined tool through a screw.
  • the combined blade is integrally composed of at least one or more structures in the cutting direction, and the structure in each cutting direction independently completes the combined tool.
  • a cutting surface is formed on the surface of the combined blade facing the cutting direction, and a cutting groove is integrally provided at the bottom of the cutting surface.
  • a cutting surface is formed on the surface of the combined blade facing the front end in the rotation direction.
  • the combined blade is backward in the rotation direction.
  • the top surface is the rear cutting surface, and the cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a cutting edge.
  • the cutting surface of the combined blade is integrally provided with an erected multi-stage micro-reinforced grading table along the direction of the rotation center of the combined tool.
  • the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table integrally forms a convex multi-level graded cutting surface;
  • the structure of the cutting direction of the combined blade is all structures of the combined blade participating in cutting or assisting cutting on the combined tool at the same time;
  • the intersection of the table and the rear cutting surface forms a side cutting edge; the intersection of the graded cutting surface and the rear cutting surface forms a multi-level micro-reinforced cutting edge;
  • the combined blade is provided with a positioning hole.
  • a kind of combined blade at least two combined blades are fixed on a mechanically processed combined tool through a screw.
  • the combined blade is integrally composed of at least one or more structures in the cutting direction, and the structure in each cutting direction independently completes the combined tool.
  • a cutting surface is formed on the surface of the combined blade facing the cutting direction, and a cutting groove is integrally provided at the bottom of the cutting surface.
  • a cutting surface is formed on the surface of the combined blade facing the front end in the rotation direction.
  • the combined blade is backward in the rotation direction.
  • the top surface is the rear cutting surface, and the cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a cutting edge.
  • the cutting surface of the combined blade is integrally provided with an erected multi-stage micro-reinforced grading table along the direction of the rotation center of the combined tool.
  • the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table integrally forms a convex multi-level graded cutting surface;
  • the structure of the cutting direction of the combined blade is all structures of the combined blade participating in cutting or assisting cutting on the combined tool at the same time;
  • the intersection of the table and the rear cutting surface forms a side cutting edge;
  • the intersection of the graded cutting surface and the rear cutting surface forms a multi-level micro-reinforced cutting edge;
  • the cutting edge of the combined blade is provided with a notch edge, and the notch
  • the blade extends to the rear cutting surface to form a groove;
  • the combined blade is provided with a positioning hole.
  • the combined blade is provided with at least one step starting from near the axial center in such a manner that the height of the rear cutting surface of the combined blade decreases toward the outside of the combined tool.
  • the cutting edge of the combined blade is provided with at least one notch edge, and the notch edge extends toward the rear cutting surface to form at least one groove.
  • the combined blade is generally composed of triangular structures in three cutting directions, wherein one end of the structure in each cutting direction is close to the center of the combined tool, and the other end is close to the outer position of the combined tool.
  • the combined blade is generally composed of quadrangular structures in four cutting directions, wherein one end of the structure in each cutting direction is close to the center of the combined tool, and the other end is close to the outer circumference of the combined tool.
  • the combined blade is provided with at least one structure in the cutting direction; the structure in the cutting direction includes a cutting edge, a notch edge, or a step edge.
  • the combined blade is provided with multiple steps starting from the central chisel edge in such a manner that the height of the rear cutting surface decreases toward the outer side edge.
  • the cutting edge of the combined blade is provided with a plurality of notch edges, and the notch edges extend toward the rear cutting surface to form a plurality of grooves.
  • the shovel drill blade of the present invention can also increase the rotation speed by 35%, increase the feed rate by 50%, and more than double the overall drilling efficiency.
  • the number of holes of a shovel drill blade is at least ten times greater than that of a twist drill with an ordinary structure.
  • the combined blade of the present invention can also increase the rotation speed by 35%, increase the feed rate by 50%, more than double the overall drilling efficiency, and increase the number of holes. This combination of blades is at least ten times more powerful than a twist drill with an ordinary structure.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic front view of the spade drill blade of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spade drill blade according to the first aspect of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a spade drill blade according to a second aspect of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spade drill blade according to a third aspect of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the spade drill blade according to the first aspect of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a spade drill blade according to a second aspect of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a spade drill blade according to a third aspect of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic top view of the triangular combined blade of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic top view of the quadrangular combined blade of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic left view of the combined blade of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic right view of the combined blade of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic front view of the combined blade of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic rear view of the combined blade of the present invention.
  • the reference signs are: micro-strengthened center edge 1, micro-strengthened center surface 2, micro-strengthened grading table 3, micro-strengthened split edge 4, notch edge 5, split hole cutting surface 6, cutting surface 7, cutting edge 8 , cutting groove 9, positioning hole 10, wear-resistant cutting edge 11, outer recessed wear-resistant cutting surface 12, slightly reinforced side cutting edge 14, ramp 15, positioning groove 16, shovel drill blade 17, side cutting edge 18, sub Cutting surface 19, chamfered surface 20, Chamfer edge 21, groove 22, bevel 23, rear cutting surface 24, micro-reinforced wear-resistant secondary edge 25, micro-reinforced hole secondary edge 26, wear-resistant graded edge 27, micro-reinforced center secondary edge 28, combined blade 29.
  • Embodiments 1-3 a tool with two strips is mainly used as an example for description.
  • the preferred embodiment of the combined blade 29 is mainly explained in Embodiments 4-6 by taking a triangular combined blade and a quadrangular combined blade with a cutting direction structure as an example.
  • the combined blade 29 has only one cutting direction structure in each cutting process. Participating in cutting work, structures in other cutting directions are damaged substitutes.
  • a shovel drill insert 17 in this embodiment relates to a drilling tool used for machining.
  • the shovel drill insert 17 is formed with a cutting surface along the axial center toward the cutting direction.
  • Surface 7, the bottom of the cutting surface 7 is integrally provided with a cutting groove 9.
  • the surface at the rear top is the rear cutting surface 24, and the surface on the outer side in the rotation direction is the secondary cutting surface 19.
  • the minor cutting surface 19 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a side cutting edge 18, the cutting surface 7 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a cutting edge 8, the cutting surface 7 intersects with the minor cutting surface 19 to form a minor edge, at least on both sides
  • the intersection of the rear cutting surfaces forms a chisel edge O, and the intersection of the cutting surface 7 and the secondary cutting surface 19 forms a side edge.
  • a micro-reinforcement grading table 3 is integrally erected.
  • the micro-reinforcement The inner side of the grading table 3 is integrally formed with a convex grading cutting surface (micro-reinforced central surface 2, split hole cutting surface 6, outer recessed wear-resistant cutting surface 12); the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a Micro-strengthened side cutting edges 14; the graded cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface to form graded cutting edges (micro-strengthened center edge 1, micro-strengthened split edge 4, wear-resistant cutting edge 11); rear cutting edges on both sides of the shovel drill blade 17
  • the surfaces 24 intersect at the axial center to form a chisel edge; both sides of the chisel edge are chamfered to form a chamfer cutting surface, a chamfer edge and a top edge O; the shovel drill blade 17 is provided with a positioning hole 10 and a positioning groove 16 for positioning An extended ramp 15 is provided outside the hole 10 .
  • the face of the front end of the shovel drill blade 17 in the rotation direction is tilted backward to form an inclined surface 23 in cooperation with the shovel drill cutter body.
  • micro-reinforced grading table 3 provided on the shovel drill blade 17 of the present invention can be divided into three setting schemes, and the functions and results of the three setting schemes are completely different:
  • the shovel drill insert 17 formed by arranging an upright micro-reinforced grading table 3 on one-third of the width of the cutting surface has the highest cutting efficiency; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally formed with a raised grading cutting surface on the inside.
  • micro-reinforcement grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a micro-reinforcement center edge 1 (also known as the "micro-reinforcement cutting edge"); the micro-reinforcement grading table 3 intersects with the micro-reinforcement center surface 2 to form a micro-reinforcement Center secondary blade 28.
  • the graded cutting edge formed by the intersection of the micro-strengthened center surface 2 and the rear cutting surface 24 is the micro-strengthened center edge 1.
  • an erected micro-reinforced grading table 3 is provided on the cutting surface that is less than or equal to two-thirds and greater than or equal to one-third of the width from the axial center.
  • the shovel drill insert 17 formed in this way has the highest drilling stability; the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally formed with a convex graded cutting surface as the split-hole cutting surface 6; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a Micro-strengthened split-hole edge 4; micro-strengthened grading table 3 intersects with the split-hole cutting surface to form a micro-strengthened split-hole secondary edge 26.
  • the shovel drill blade 17 is formed by setting an upright micro-reinforced grading table 3 on the cutting surface 7 that rotates along the axial center of the shovel drill blade 17 and a cutting surface that is greater than or equal to two-thirds of the width from the axial center.
  • the outer side of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 integrally forms a recessed micro-reinforced cutting surface, that is, the outer recessed wear-resistant cutting surface 12; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a Micro-strengthened side cutting edge 14; the minor cutting surface 19 intersects with the wear-resistant cutting surface to form a micro-strengthened wear-resistant minor edge 25; the micro-strengthened grading table 3 standing on the wear-resistant cutting surface 12 intersects with the cutting surface 7 to form a wear-resistant classification Blade 27; the wear-resistant cutting surface 12 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a graded cutting edge as the wear-resistant cutting edge 11.
  • a chisel edge O is formed by intersecting the rear cutting surfaces on both sides of a shovel drill blade 17, or chamfering the two ends of the chisel edge O to form a chamfered cutting surface, forming a chamfered edge after chamfering the original chisel edge O.
  • a spade drill insert 17 is provided with at least one step starting from the central chisel edge in such a manner that the height of the rear cutting surface in the direction of the outer side edge decreases.
  • a cutting edge of a spade drill insert 17 is provided with at least one notch edge 5, and the notch edge 5 extends to the rear cutting surface to form at least one groove 22.
  • the rear cutting surfaces on both sides of the shovel drill insert 17 intersect at the axial center to form a chisel edge; the top edge formed by chamfering on both sides of the chisel edge is a reduced chisel edge.
  • the rear cutting surfaces on both sides of the shovel drill insert 17 intersect at the axial center to form a chisel edge; the top edge formed by chamfering on both sides of the chisel edge is a sharp edge O without a chisel edge.
  • a spade drill blade 17 is provided with cooling holes in the tool shank and tool head strips.
  • a spade drill insert 17 is provided with multiple steps (not shown) starting from the central chisel edge and decreasing in height toward the rear cutting surface 24 in the direction of the outer side edge 18 .
  • a plurality of notch edges 5 are provided on the cutting edge of a spade drill insert 17, and the notch edges 5 extend to the rear cutting surface to form a plurality of grooves.
  • the angle between the outermost cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge 25 is an acute angle, a right angle, or an obtuse angle.
  • the cutting edge forms a transmission carrier of the centrifugal force.
  • the cutting surface intersects with the adjacent micro-reinforced grading table 3 and the micro-cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface.
  • the formed micro-cutting edges, side micro-edges and cutting micro-edges separate the cutting edges, reduce the overall cutting force, lower the temperature of the tool head, decompose the stress on the cutting edge at the most vulnerable outer end of the tool, and extend the service life of the tool. And maintain high strength during processing.
  • a twist drill with a diameter of 10.5 was used as the experiment.
  • the same was made of M35 cobalt-containing high-speed steel. It was heat treated at the same time and produced in the same batch.
  • the drilling object was forged and tempered gear finishing.
  • the drilling depth is 35mm, blind hole, the micro-section width of the shovel drill blade 17 is 1.5mm, and the height of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is 0.6mm.
  • the twist drill speed and feed amount of the ordinary structure reach the limit, the shovel drill blade 17 It can also increase the rotation speed by 35%, increase the feed amount by 50%, and increase the overall drilling efficiency by 1.05 times.
  • the twist drill with ordinary structure can drill 312 holes, and the shovel drill blade 17 can drill 3168 holes. The number of holes drilled by the shovel drill blade 17 is higher than that of the ordinary structure.
  • the structure of the twist drill increases more than ten times.
  • a shovel drill blade 17 of this embodiment is comprehensively applied on the basis of the first embodiment, and relates to a drilling tool used for mechanical processing.
  • the cutting surface 7 is formed on the surface of the insert 17 facing the cutting direction along the axial center.
  • the bottom of the cutting surface 7 is integrally provided with a cutting groove 9.
  • the rear top surface of the shovel drill insert 17 rotates along the axial center for rear cutting.
  • Surface 24, the surface on the outer side in the direction of rotation is the secondary cutting surface 19.
  • the secondary cutting surface 19 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a side cutting edge 18.
  • the cutting surface 7 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a cutting edge 8.
  • the cutting surface 7 intersects with the secondary cutting surface 19 to form a secondary edge, at least the rear cutting surfaces on both sides intersect to form a chisel edge O, the cutting surface 7 intersects with the secondary cutting surface 19 to form a side edge, the cutting surface of the shovel drill blade 17 is integrated
  • a multi-stage micro-reinforced grading table 3 is set upright.
  • the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 integrally forms a convex multi-stage graded cutting surface; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a multi-stage micro-reinforced side cutting surface.
  • the graded cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a multi-stage graded cutting edge;
  • the rear cutting surfaces on both sides of the shovel drill insert 17 intersect at the axial center to form a chisel edge;
  • the chamfers on both sides of the chisel edge form a chamfer cutting surface, chamfer edge and top edge;
  • the shovel drill blade 17 is provided with positioning holes and positioning grooves.
  • the shovel drill blade 17 set in the combined scheme can further improve the cutting efficiency and service life:
  • the shovel drill blade 17 is formed by setting an upright micro-reinforced grading table 3 on the cutting surface 7 of the shovel drill blade 17 that rotates along the axial center and is less than or equal to one third of the width from the axial center. It has the highest cutting efficiency; the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 integrally forms a convex grading cutting surface as the micro-reinforced central surface 2; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a micro-reinforced central edge 1 (also known as "Micro-strengthened cutting edge"); the micro-strengthened grading table 3 intersects with the micro-strengthened center surface 2 to form a micro-strengthened center secondary edge 28.
  • a micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the micro-strengthened center surface 2 to form a micro-strengthened center secondary edge 28.
  • the graded cutting edge formed by the intersection of the micro-strengthened center surface 2 and the rear cutting surface 24 is the micro-strengthened center edge 1.
  • an erected micro-reinforced grading table 3 is provided on the cutting surface that is less than or equal to two-thirds and greater than or equal to one-third of the width from the axial center.
  • the shovel drill blade 17 formed by the method has the highest drilling stability; the inner side of the slightly reinforced grading table 3 is integrated
  • the convex grading cutting surface formed on the ground is the pore cutting surface 6; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a micro-reinforced grading edge 4; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the pore cutting surface to form a micro-reinforced grading blade. Hole secondary edge 26.
  • the shovel drill blade 17 is formed by setting an upright micro-reinforced grading table 3 on the cutting surface 7 that rotates along the axial center of the shovel drill blade 17 and a cutting surface that is greater than or equal to two-thirds of the width from the axial center.
  • the outer side of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 integrally forms a recessed micro-reinforced cutting surface, that is, the outer recessed wear-resistant cutting surface 12; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a Micro-strengthened side cutting edge 14; the minor cutting surface 19 intersects with the wear-resistant cutting surface to form a micro-strengthened wear-resistant minor edge 25; the micro-strengthened grading table 3 standing on the wear-resistant cutting surface 12 intersects with the cutting surface 7 to form a wear-resistant classification Blade 27; the wear-resistant cutting surface 12 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a graded cutting edge as the wear-resistant cutting edge 11.
  • the first solution and the second solution are combined to form a first combined solution
  • the first solution and the third solution are combined to form a second combination solution
  • the second plan and the third plan are combined to form a third combination plan
  • Any one of the combined solutions outperforms each of the individual solutions contained therein by more than 50 percent, including repeated settings across different widths within each solution.
  • a spade drill insert 17 is provided with at least one step starting from the central chisel edge in such a manner that the height of the rear cutting surface in the direction of the outer side edge decreases.
  • the rear cutting surfaces on both sides of the shovel drill insert 17 intersect at the axial center to form a chisel edge; the top edge formed by chamfering on both sides of the chisel edge is a reduced chisel edge.
  • the rear cutting surfaces on both sides of the shovel drill insert 17 intersect at the axial center to form a chisel edge; the top edge formed by chamfering on both sides of the chisel edge is a sharp edge without a chisel edge.
  • a spade drill blade 17 is provided with cooling holes in the tool shank and tool head strips.
  • a spade drill insert 17 starts from the center chisel edge and extends to the height of the rear cutting surface in the direction of the outer side edge. Set multiple steps in a lowering manner.
  • a plurality of notch edges 5 are provided on the cutting edge of a spade drill insert 17, and the notch edges 5 extend to the rear cutting surface to form a plurality of grooves.
  • the stepped central surface or the split-hole cutting surface or the micro-section with millimeter strength is provided with grooves along the axial direction.
  • the angle between the outermost cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge is an acute angle, a right angle, or an obtuse angle.
  • a twist drill with a diameter of 10.5 was used as the experiment.
  • the same was made of M35 cobalt-containing high-speed steel. It was heat treated at the same time and produced in the same batch.
  • the drilling object was forged and tempered gear finishing.
  • the drilling depth is 35mm, blind hole, the micro-section width of the shovel drill blade 17 is 1.5mm, and the height of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is 0.6mm.
  • the drill blade 17 can also increase the rotation speed by 35%, increase the feed amount by 50%, and increase the comprehensive drilling efficiency by 1.05 times.
  • the twist drill with ordinary structure can drill 312 holes, and the shovel drill blade 17 can drill 5168 holes. The number of holes drilled by the shovel drill blade 17. It is more than 16 times more powerful than ordinary twist drills.
  • this embodiment is a comprehensive application based on the first and second embodiments, and relates to a drilling tool for machining.
  • the blade 17 is formed along a surface along the axial center facing the cutting direction. There is a cutting surface 7, and a cutting groove 9 is integrally provided at the bottom of the cutting surface 7.
  • the surface at the rear top is the rear cutting surface 24, and the surface on the outer side in the rotation direction is the secondary cutting surface.
  • the minor cutting surface 19 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a side cutting edge 18
  • the cutting surface 7 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a cutting edge 8
  • the cutting surface 7 intersects with the minor cutting surface 19 to form a minor edge, at least
  • the rear cutting surfaces on both sides intersect to form a chisel edge O
  • the cutting surface 7 intersects with the auxiliary cutting surface 19 to form a side edge.
  • a multi-stage micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally erected.
  • the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 integrally forms a convex multi-level graded cutting surface; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a multi-level micro-reinforced side cutting edge; the intersection of the graded cutting surface and the rear cutting surface forms a multi-level micro-reinforced side cutting edge.
  • the cutting edge of the shovel drill blade 17 is provided with a notch edge 5, and the notch edge 5 extends to the rear cutting surface to form a groove; the rear cutting surfaces on both sides of the shovel drill blade 17 intersect at the axial center to form with a chisel edge; two chisel edges
  • the side chamfer forms a chamfer cutting surface, a chamfer edge and a top edge; the shovel drill blade 17 is provided with positioning holes and positioning grooves.
  • micro-reinforced grading table 3 provided on the shovel drill blade 17 of the present invention can be divided into three setting schemes, and the functions and results of the three setting schemes are completely different:
  • the shovel drill blade 17 is formed by installing an upright micro-reinforced grading table 3 on the cutting surface 7 of the shovel drill blade 17 that rotates along the axial center and is less than or equal to one third of the width from the axial center. It has the highest cutting efficiency; the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 integrally forms a convex grading cutting surface as the micro-reinforced central surface 2; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a micro-reinforced central edge 1 (also known as "Micro-strengthened cutting edge"); the micro-strengthened grading table 3 intersects with the micro-strengthened center surface 2 to form a micro-strengthened center secondary edge 28.
  • an upright micro-reinforced grading table 3 on the cutting surface 7 of the shovel drill blade 17 that rotates along the axial center and is less than or equal to one third of the width from the axial
  • the graded cutting edge formed by the intersection of the micro-strengthened center surface 2 and the rear cutting surface 24 is the micro-strengthened center edge 1.
  • an erected micro-reinforced grading table 3 is provided on the cutting surface that is less than or equal to two-thirds and greater than or equal to one-third of the width from the axial center.
  • the shovel drill insert 17 formed in this way has the highest drilling stability; the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally formed with a convex graded cutting surface as the split-hole cutting surface 6; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a Micro-strengthened split-hole edge 4; micro-strengthened grading table 3 intersects with the split-hole cutting surface to form a micro-strengthened split-hole secondary edge 26.
  • the shovel drill blade 17 is formed by setting an upright micro-reinforced grading table 3 on the cutting surface 7 that rotates along the axial center of the shovel drill blade 17 and a cutting surface that is greater than or equal to two-thirds of the width from the axial center.
  • the outer side of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 integrally forms a recessed micro-reinforced cutting surface, that is, the outer recessed wear-resistant cutting surface 12; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a Micro-strengthened side cutting edge 14; the minor cutting surface 19 intersects with the wear-resistant cutting surface to form a micro-strengthened wear-resistant minor edge 25; the micro-strengthened grading table 3 standing on the wear-resistant cutting surface 12 intersects with the cutting surface 7 to form a wear-resistant classification Blade 27; the wear-resistant cutting surface 12 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a graded cutting edge as the wear-resistant cutting edge 11.
  • the first solution and the second solution are combined to form a first combined solution
  • the first solution and the third solution are combined to form a second combination solution
  • the second plan and the third plan are combined to form a third combination plan
  • providing a notch edge 5 on the cutting edge extending to the rear cutting surface to form a groove structure can achieve the function of timely chip breaking.
  • a spade drill insert 17 is provided with at least one step starting from the central chisel edge in such a manner that the height of the rear cutting surface in the direction of the outer side edge decreases.
  • a cutting edge of a spade drill insert 17 is provided with at least one notch edge 5, and the notch edge 5 extends to the rear cutting surface to form at least one groove.
  • the rear cutting surfaces on both sides of the shovel drill insert 17 intersect at the axial center to form a chisel edge; the top edge formed by chamfering on both sides of the chisel edge is a reduced chisel edge.
  • the rear cutting surfaces on both sides of the shovel drill insert 17 intersect at the axial center to form a chisel edge; the top edge O formed by chamfering on both sides of the chisel edge is a sharp edge without a chisel edge.
  • a spade drill blade 17 is provided with cooling holes in the tool shank and tool head strips.
  • a spade drill insert 17 is provided with multiple steps starting from the central chisel edge in such a manner that the height of the rear cutting surface decreases toward the outer side edge.
  • a plurality of notch edges 5 are provided on the cutting edge of a spade drill insert 17, and the notch edges 5 extend to the rear cutting surface to form a plurality of grooves 22.
  • the stepped central surface or the split-hole cutting surface or the micro-section with millimeter strength is provided with grooves along the axial direction.
  • the angle between the outermost cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge is an acute angle, a right angle, or an obtuse angle.
  • a twist drill with a diameter of 10.5 was used as the experiment.
  • the same was made of M35 cobalt-containing high-speed steel. It was heat treated at the same time and produced in the same batch.
  • the drilling object was forged and tempered gear finishing.
  • the drilling depth is 35mm, blind hole, the micro-section width of the spade drill blade 17 is 1.5mm, and the height of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is 0.6mm.
  • the spade drill blade 17 can also increase the rotation speed by 35%, increase the feed amount by 50%, and increase the overall drilling efficiency by 1.05 times.
  • a twist drill with an ordinary structure can drill 312 holes, and a shovel drill blade 17 can drill 6268 holes. The number of holes drilled by a shovel The drill blade 17 is more than twenty times longer than the twist drill of ordinary structure.
  • the chisel edge O formed by the intersection of the rear cutting surfaces on both sides.
  • the two ends are chamfered to form a chamfered cutting surface and a chamfering edge.
  • the original chisel edge O is chamfered. It is later formed into a reduced chisel edge O or a sharp edge O without a chisel edge O.
  • the reduction or elimination of the chisel edge greatly reduces the huge resistance caused by the excessive length of the chisel edge.
  • the shovel drill insert 17 with two cutting surfaces has been described above as an example, the shovel drill insert 17 of the present invention can also have multiple cutting surfaces, and the structure and its structure as in the embodiment can be adopted on each cutting surface. Various other combinations.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • Figure 8 is a triangular combined blade 29 provided with three cutting technologies
  • Figure 9 is a quadrangular combined blade 29 provided with three cutting technologies
  • Figures 10 to 13 are provided with the present invention.
  • the combination blade 29 of the first embodiment is implemented. At least two combination blades 29 are fixed on the machining combination tool via a screw to cooperate with the cutting.
  • the combination blade 29 is integrally composed of at least one or more structures in the cutting direction. The structure of each cutting direction independently completes part of the cutting work of the combined tool.
  • the surface of the combined blade 29 facing the cutting direction is formed with a cutting surface 7.
  • the bottom of the cutting surface 7 is integrally provided with a cutting groove 9.
  • the combined blade 29 faces backward in the rotation direction.
  • the top surface is the rear cutting surface 24, and the cutting surface 7 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a cutting edge 8.
  • the structure of the cutting direction of the combined blade 29 is all the structures of the combined blade 29 participating in cutting or auxiliary cutting on the combined tool at the same time; In each cutting process of the combined blade 29, only one structure in the cutting direction participates in the cutting work, and the other structures in the cutting direction are damaged substitutes and are fixed by the screw.
  • a micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally provided on the cutting surface 7 of the combined blade 29, a micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally provided.
  • the inside of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally formed with a convex grading cutting surface (micro-reinforced center surface 2, split hole cutting surface 6 , the outer concave wear-resistant cutting surface 12); the micro-strengthened grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a micro-strengthened side cutting edge 14; the grading cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a graded cutting edge (micro-strengthened center edge 1 , micro-strengthened splitting edge 4, wear-resistant cutting edge 11); the combination blade 29 is provided with a positioning hole 10.
  • the combined blade 29 is generally composed of triangular structures in three cutting directions, wherein one end of the structure in each cutting direction is close to the center of the combined tool, and the other end is close to the outer position of the combined tool.
  • the combined blade 29 is generally composed of a quadrangular structure in four cutting directions, where one end of the structure in each cutting direction is close to the center of the combined tool, and the other end is close to the outer position of the combined tool.
  • the combined blade 29 is provided with at least one cutting direction structure; the cutting direction structure includes all structures of the combined blade 29 that simultaneously participate in cutting or assisting cutting on the combined tool.
  • the front end of the combined blade 29 in the rotation direction is tilted backward to form an inclined surface 23 in cooperation with the shovel drill body.
  • micro-reinforced grading table 3 provided on the combined blade 29 of the present invention can be divided into three setting schemes, and the functions and results of the three setting schemes are completely different:
  • the combined blade 29 formed by installing an erected micro-reinforced classification table 3 on the cutting surface that is less than or equal to one third of the width has the highest cutting efficiency.
  • the convex grading cutting surface integrally formed on the inside of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is the micro-reinforced central surface 2;
  • micro-strengthened grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a micro-strengthened center edge 1 (also called a "micro-strengthened cutting edge").
  • the graded cutting edge formed by the intersection of the micro-strengthened center surface 2 and the rear cutting surface 24 is the micro-strengthened center edge 1.
  • the combination is formed by installing an erected micro-reinforced grading table 3 on the cutting surface 7 that rotates along the axial center of the combined blade 29 and is less than or equal to two-thirds and greater than or equal to one-third of the width of the cutting surface.
  • the insert 29 has the highest drilling stability; the inner side of the micro-strengthened grading table 3 is integrally formed with a convex graded cutting surface as the split-hole cutting surface 6; the micro-strengthened grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a micro-strengthened split-hole edge 4.
  • the combined blade 29 is formed by installing an erected micro-reinforced grading table 3 on the cutting surface 7 that rotates along the axial center of the cutting surface that is greater than or equal to two-thirds of the width.
  • the combined blade 29 has the longest combined length.
  • Providing the notch edge 5 on the cutting edge of the combined insert 29 of the above arrangement to form a groove structure extending to the rear cutting surface can achieve the function of timely chip breaking, further improve the efficiency and extend the service life.
  • a composite insert 29 is provided with at least one step from the center in such a manner that the height of the rear cutting surface in the direction of the outer side edge decreases.
  • the cutting edge of a combination blade 29 is provided with at least one notch edge 5, and the notch edge 5 extends to the rear cutting surface to form at least one groove 22.
  • a composite insert 29 is provided with multiple steps (not shown) starting from the central chisel edge and decreasing in height toward the rear cutting surface 24 in the direction of the outer side edge 18 .
  • a plurality of notch edges 5 are provided on the cutting edge of a combined blade 29, and the notch edges 5 extend to the rear cutting surface to form a plurality of grooves.
  • the cutting edge since drilling cutting is a circular motion, centrifugal force is generated during the circular motion, and the cutting edge forms a transmission carrier of the centrifugal force.
  • the cutting surface is connected with the adjacent micro-reinforced grading table 3 and the micro-cutting surface with millimeter strength.
  • the micro-cutting edges, side micro-edges and cutting micro-edges formed by the intersection of the rear cutting surfaces separate the cutting edges and differentiate the transmission force, reducing the overall cutting force and minimizing the friction between the outer cutting surface and the rear cutting surface.
  • the intersecting cutting edge and the stress on the cutting edge reduce the temperature of the tool head and decompose the stress on the cutting edge at the most vulnerable outer end of the tool, extending the service life of the tool and maintaining high strength during the machining process.
  • a twist drill with a diameter of 10.5 was used as the experiment.
  • the same was made of M35 cobalt-containing high-speed steel. It was heat treated at the same time and produced in the same batch.
  • the drilling object was forged and tempered gear finishing.
  • the drilling depth is 35mm, blind hole, the micro-section width of the combination blade 29 is 1.5mm, and the height of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is 0.6mm.
  • the combination blade 29 can still Increase the rotation speed by 35%, increase the feed amount by 50%, and increase the overall drilling efficiency by 1.05 times.
  • the twist drill with ordinary structure can drill 312 holes, and the combination blade 29 can drill 3168 holes.
  • the number of holes drilled by the combination blade 29 is higher than that of the twist drill with ordinary structure. More than ten times more.
  • Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
  • Figure 8 is a triangular combined blade 29 provided with a combination of three cutting technologies.
  • Figure 9 is a triangular combined blade 29 provided with a combination of three cutting technologies.
  • a quadrangular combined blade 29 is provided in Figures 10 to 13.
  • a combined blade 29 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is provided. At least two combined blades 29 are fixed on the mechanically processed combined tool through screws.
  • the combined blade 29 is integrally composed of at least one or more structures in the cutting direction. The structure in each cutting direction independently completes part of the cutting work of the combined tool.
  • the surface of the combined blade 29 facing the cutting direction is formed with a cutting surface 7.
  • Cutting A cutting groove 9 is integrally provided at the bottom of the surface 7.
  • the surface at the top of the combined blade 29 facing backward in the rotation direction is the rear cutting surface 24.
  • the cutting surface 7 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a cutting edge 8.
  • the cutting direction of the combined blade 29 The structures of the combined blade 29 are all structures that participate in cutting or auxiliary cutting on the combined tool at the same time; the combined blade 29 has only one structure in one cutting direction participating in the cutting work during each cutting process, and the structures in other cutting directions are damaged substitutes. Screw fixation.
  • a multi-stage micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally erected on the cutting surface 7 of the combined blade 29, a multi-stage micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally erected.
  • the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally formed with a convex multi-stage graded cutting surface (micro-reinforced central surface 2, grading table 3).
  • the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a multi-level micro-reinforced side cutting edge;
  • the grading cutting surface cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a multi-level grading
  • the cutting edge; the combination blade 29 is provided with positioning holes and positioning grooves.
  • the combined blade 29 set by the combined scheme can further improve the cutting efficiency and service life:
  • the combined blade 29 formed by installing an erected micro-reinforced classification table 3 on the cutting surface that is less than or equal to one third of the width has the highest cutting efficiency.
  • the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally formed with a convex grading cutting surface as the micro-reinforced central surface 2; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a micro-reinforced central edge 1 (also known as the "micro-reinforced cutting edge"). ").
  • the graded cutting edge formed by the intersection of the micro-strengthened center surface 2 and the rear cutting surface 24 is the micro-strengthened center edge 1.
  • the combination is formed by installing an erected micro-reinforced grading table 3 on the cutting surface 7 that rotates along the axial center of the combined blade 29 and is less than or equal to two-thirds and greater than or equal to one-third of the width of the cutting surface.
  • the insert 29 has the highest drilling stability; the inner side of the micro-strengthened grading table 3 is integrally formed with a convex graded cutting surface as the split-hole cutting surface 6; the micro-strengthened grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a micro-strengthened split-hole edge 4.
  • the combined blade 29 is formed by installing an erected micro-reinforced grading table 3 on the cutting surface 7 that rotates along the axial center of the cutting surface that is greater than or equal to two-thirds of the width.
  • the combined blade 29 has the longest combined length.
  • the intersection of the wear-resistant cutting surface 12 and the rear cutting surface 24 forms a graded cutting edge as the wear-resistant cutting edge 11.
  • the first solution and the second solution are combined to form a first combined solution
  • the first solution and the third solution are combined to form a second combination solution
  • the second plan and the third plan are combined to form a third combination plan
  • Any one of the combined solutions outperforms each of the individual solutions contained therein by more than 50 percent, including repeated settings across different widths within each solution.
  • Providing the notch edge 5 on the cutting edge of the combined insert 29 of the above arrangement to form a groove structure extending to the rear cutting surface can achieve the function of timely chip breaking, further improve the efficiency and extend the service life.
  • a composite insert 29 is provided with at least one step from the center in such a manner that the height of the rear cutting surface in the direction of the outer side edge decreases.
  • a composite insert 29 is provided with multiple steps starting from the center so that the height of the rear cutting surface decreases toward the outer side edge.
  • a plurality of notch edges 5 are provided on the cutting edge of a combined blade 29, and the notch edges 5 extend to the rear cutting surface to form a plurality of grooves.
  • the stepped central surface or the split-hole cutting surface or the micro-section with millimeter strength is provided with grooves along the axial direction.
  • a twist drill with a diameter of 10.5 was used as the experiment.
  • the same was made of M35 cobalt-containing high-speed steel. It was heat treated at the same time and produced in the same batch.
  • the drilling object was forged and tempered gear finishing.
  • the drilling depth is 35mm, blind hole, the micro-section width of the combined blade 29 is 1.5mm, and the height of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is 0.6mm.
  • the combined blade of the present invention 29 can also increase the rotation speed by 35%, increase the feed amount by 50%, and increase the overall drilling efficiency by 1.05 times.
  • the twist drill with ordinary structure can drill 312 holes, and the combined blade 29 can drill 5168 holes.
  • the number of holes drilled by the combined blade 29 is higher than that of the ordinary structure.
  • the number of twist drills increased more than sixteen times.
  • Embodiment 6 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 6
  • Figure 8 is a triangular combination blade 29 provided with a combination of three cutting technologies.
  • the cutting edge of the combination blade 29 A notch edge 5 is provided, and the notch edge 5 extends to the rear cutting surface to form a groove;
  • Figure 9 is a quadrangular combined blade 29 provided with a combination of three cutting technologies.
  • Figures 10 to 13 are provided with the third blade of the present invention.
  • a kind of combination blade 29 of the 6th embodiment, at least two combination blades 29 are fixed on the mechanical processing combination tool through a screw to cooperate with cutting.
  • the combination blade 29 is integrally composed of at least one or more structures in the cutting direction.
  • Each cutting direction The structure of the direction independently completes part of the cutting work of the combined tool.
  • the surface of the combined blade 29 facing the cutting direction is formed with a cutting surface 7.
  • the bottom of the cutting surface 7 is integrally provided with a cutting groove 9.
  • the top of the combined blade 29 facing backward in the rotation direction is The surface is the rear cutting surface 24, and the cutting surface 7 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a cutting edge 8.
  • the structure of the cutting direction of the combined blade 29 is all structures in which the combined blade 29 participates in cutting or auxiliary cutting on the combined tool at the same time; the combined blade 29 In each cutting process, only one structure in the cutting direction participates in the cutting work, and the other structures in the cutting direction are damaged substitutes and are fixed by the screw.
  • a multi-stage micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally erected on the cutting surface 7 of the combined blade 29, a multi-stage micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally erected.
  • the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally formed with a convex multi-stage graded cutting surface (micro-reinforced central surface 2, grading table 3).
  • the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a multi-level micro-reinforced side cutting edge; the grading cutting surface cutting surface intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a multi-level grading Cutting edge; the cutting edge of the combination blade 29 is provided with a notch edge 5, and the notch edge 5 extends to the rear cutting surface to form a groove; the combination blade 29 is provided with positioning holes and positioning grooves.
  • micro-reinforced grading table 3 provided on the combined blade 29 of the present invention can be divided into three setting schemes, and the functions and results of the three setting schemes are completely different:
  • the combined blade 29 formed by installing an erected micro-reinforced classification table 3 on the cutting surface that is less than or equal to one third of the width has the highest cutting efficiency.
  • the inner side of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is integrally formed with a convex grading cutting surface as the micro-reinforced central surface 2; the micro-reinforced grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface 24 to form a micro-reinforced central edge 1 (also known as the "micro-reinforced cutting edge"). ").
  • the graded cutting edge formed by the intersection of the micro-strengthened center surface 2 and the rear cutting surface 24 is the micro-strengthened center edge 1.
  • the combination is formed by installing an erected micro-reinforced grading table 3 on the cutting surface 7 that rotates along the axial center of the combined blade 29 and is less than or equal to two-thirds and greater than or equal to one-third of the width of the cutting surface.
  • the insert 29 has the highest drilling stability; the inner side of the micro-strengthened grading table 3 is integrally formed with a convex graded cutting surface as the split-hole cutting surface 6; the micro-strengthened grading table 3 intersects with the rear cutting surface to form a micro-strengthened split-hole edge 4.
  • the combined blade 29 is formed by installing an erected micro-reinforced grading table 3 on the cutting surface 7 that rotates along the axial center of the cutting surface that is greater than or equal to two-thirds of the width.
  • the combined blade 29 has the longest combined length.
  • the intersection of the wear-resistant cutting surface 12 and the rear cutting surface 24 forms a graded cutting edge as the wear-resistant cutting edge 11.
  • the first solution and the second solution are combined to form a first combined solution
  • the first solution and the third solution are combined to form a second combination solution
  • the second plan and the third plan are combined to form a third combination plan
  • providing a notch edge 5 on the cutting edge extending to the rear cutting surface to form a groove structure can achieve the function of timely chip breaking.
  • a notch edge 5 is provided on the cutting edge of the combined blade 29 of the above different combination solutions to the rear cutting surface.
  • the extended grooved structure can break chips in time, further improve efficiency and extend service life.
  • a composite insert 29 is provided with at least one step from the center in such a manner that the height of the rear cutting surface in the direction of the outer side edge decreases.
  • the cutting edge of a combination blade 29 is provided with at least one notch edge 5, and the notch edge 5 extends to the rear cutting surface to form at least one groove 22.
  • a composite insert 29 is provided with multiple steps starting from the center so that the height of the rear cutting surface decreases toward the outer side edge.
  • a plurality of notch edges 5 are provided on the cutting edge of a combination blade 29, and the notch edges 5 extend to the rear cutting surface to form a plurality of grooves 22.
  • the stepped central surface or the split-hole cutting surface or the micro-section with millimeter strength is provided with grooves along the axial direction.
  • a twist drill with a diameter of 10.5 was used as the experiment.
  • the same was made of M35 cobalt-containing high-speed steel. It was heat treated at the same time and produced in the same batch.
  • the drilling object was forged and tempered gear finishing.
  • the drilling depth is 35mm, blind hole, the micro-section width of the combination blade 29 is 1.5mm, and the height of the micro-reinforced grading table 3 is 0.6mm.
  • the combination blade 29 can still Increase the rotation speed by 35%, increase the feed amount by 50%, and increase the overall drilling efficiency by 1.05 times.
  • the twist drill with ordinary structure can drill 312 holes, and the combination blade 29 can drill 6268 holes.
  • the number of holes drilled by the combination blade 29 is higher than that of the twist drill with ordinary structure. More than twenty times more.
  • the combination blade 29 is described above by taking the triangular combination blade 29 integrally having three cutting directions and the quadrangle combination blade 29 integrally having three cutting directions as examples, the combination blade 29 of the present invention is one or Structures in two or more cutting directions are provided, and the structures in each cutting direction can be combined with the structures in the embodiments and in various other forms.

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Abstract

一种铲钻刀片（17）和一种组合刀片（29），铲钻刀片（17）包括切削面（7）、切削槽（9）、后切削面（24）、副切削面（19）、切削刃（8）、副刃、横刃（O）和侧刃，铲钻刀片（17）的切削面（7）上，一体地立起的设置有一级或多级微强化分级台（3），微强化分级台（3）的内侧一体地形成凸起的一级或多级分级切削面；微强化分级台（3）与后切削面（24）相交形成有一级或多级微强化侧切削刃（14）；分级切削面与后切削面（24）相交形成有一级或多级分级切削刃。组合刀片（29）的切削面（7）上，沿组合刀片（29）旋转中心的轴向方向上一体地设置有立起的一级或多级微强化分级台（3），微强化分级台（3）的内侧一体地形成凸起的一级或多级分级切削面；微强化分级台（3）与后切削面（24）相交形成有一级或多级微强化侧切削刃（14）；分级切削面与后切削面（24）相交形成有一级或多级分级切削刃。

Description

一种铲钻刀片和一种组合刀片 技术领域
本发明涉及一种铲钻刀片和一种组合刀片，该铲钻刀片和组合刀片用于机械加工的钻铣工艺及钳工维修中。
背景技术
目前，机械加工中使用的铲钻刀片由横刃、切削刃、切削刃、侧刃构成，切削刃在一个切削面上，呈单一的同位切削结构，切削刃在旋转切削的离心力传导范围内，切削刃同时受到旋转切削力和中心向外的传导力，在双力作用下切削刃和切削刃相交处的刃口总是极易损坏，现有孔加工刀具在钻孔时由于结构并不绝对平衡而出现摆动现象，单纯靠切削面稳定刀具造成切削面和切削刃损坏，人们普遍的认识是表面越光滑强度越高，新的理论则是有微小间隙的面强度更高，都没有揭露物质的本质结构特性，因此，现有孔加工刀具效率低，易损坏，稳定性差，钻孔精度差。
目前，机械加工中使用的组合刀片由横刃、切削刃、切削刃、侧刃构成，切削刃在一个切削面上，呈单一的同位切削结构，切削刃在旋转切削的离心力传导范围内，切削刃同时受到旋转切削力和中心向外的传导力，在双力作用下切削刃和切削刃相交处的刃口总是极易损坏，现有孔加工刀具在钻孔时由于结构并不绝对平衡而出现摆动现象，单纯靠切削面稳定刀具造成切削面和切削刃损坏，人们普遍的认识是表面越光滑强度越高，新的理论则是有微小间隙的面强度更高，都没有揭露物质的本质结构特性，因此，现有孔加工刀具效率低，易损坏，稳定性差，钻孔精度差。
发明内容
本发明就是鉴于上述的问题之一而提出的，以提供一种铲钻刀片为目的，该种刀具具有阻断传导力的功能，散热效率高，强度大，寿命长，且在钻削加工时容易定位，钻孔精度高，人们普遍的认识是表面越光滑强度越高，最近几年的新的理论则是有微小间隙的面强度更高，都没有揭露物质的本质结构特性，在两个固体体积相同的情况下，其中分散成的小体积的固体的表面积大于整体的固体的表面积，固体的整体结构达到一定体积极限时即使是金刚石也会 碎裂，按体积受力的情况下小体积的固体受力强度之和远大于整体的固体的受力强度，经过实验验证在常规物理状态下的切削工具上，毫米量级有最明显的高强度特性即毫米强度，本发明是在一种铲钻刀片进行具有毫米强度的应用。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用下述技术方案：
一种铲钻刀片，涉及用于机械加工的钻孔刀具，该刀片沿轴向中心朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，切削面底部一体地设置有切削槽，在铲钻刀片沿轴向中心旋转的朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，旋转方向上向后的刀片顶端的面为后切削面，旋转方向上外面侧的面为副切削面，切削面与后切削面相交形成有切削刃，切削面与副切削面相交形成有副刃，至少两侧的后切削面相交形成有横刃，副切削面与后切削面相交形成有侧刃，所述铲钻刀片的切削面上，一体地立起的设置有微强化分级台，微强化分级台的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面；所述微强化分级台与后切削面相交形成有微强化侧切削刃；所述分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有分级切削刃；所述铲钻刀片两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；所述横刃的两侧倒角形成有倒角切削面，倒角刃和顶刃；所述铲钻刀片上设置有定位孔和定位槽。
一种铲钻刀片，涉及用于机械加工的钻孔刀具，该刀片沿轴向中心朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，切削面底部一体地设置有切削槽，在铲钻刀片沿轴向中心旋转的朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，旋转方向上向后的刀片顶端的面为后切削面，旋转方向上外面侧的面为副切削面，切削面与后切削面相交形成有切削刃，切削面与副切削面相交形成有副刃，至少两侧的后切削面相交形成有横刃，副切削面与后切削面相交形成有侧刃，所述铲钻刀片的切削面上，一体地立起的设置多级微强化分级台，微强化分级台的内侧一体地形成凸起的多级分级切削面；所述微强化分级台与后切削面相交形成有多级微强化侧切削刃；所述分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有多级分级切削刃；所述铲钻刀片两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；所述横刃的两侧倒角形成有倒角切削面，倒角刃和顶刃；所述铲钻刀片上设置有定位孔和定位槽。
一种铲钻刀片，涉及用于机械加工的钻孔刀具，该刀片沿轴向中心朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，切削面底部一体地设置有切削槽，在铲钻刀片沿轴向中心旋转的朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，旋转方向上向后的刀片顶端的 面为后切削面，旋转方向上外面侧的面为副切削面，切削面与后切削面相交形成有切削刃，切削面与副切削面相交形成有副刃，至少两侧的后切削面相交形成有横刃，副切削面与后切削面相交形成有侧刃，所述铲钻刀片的切削面上，一体地立起的设置多级微强化分级台，微强化分级台的内侧一体地形成凸起的多级分级切削面；所述微强化分级台与后切削面相交形成有多级微强化侧切削刃；所述分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有多级分级切削刃；所述铲钻刀片的切削刃上设置有凹口刃，所述凹口刃向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽；所述铲钻刀片两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；所述横刃的两侧倒角形成有倒角切削面，倒角刃和顶刃；所述铲钻刀片上设置有定位孔和定位槽。
优选地，所述铲钻刀片从中心横刃开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置至少一级台阶。
优选地，所述铲钻刀片的切削刃上设置有至少一个凹口刃，所述凹口刃向后切削面延伸形成有至少一个凹槽。
优选地，所述铲钻刀片两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；所述横刃的两侧倒角形成的顶刃为缩小的横刃。
优选地，所述铲钻刀片两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；所述横刃的两侧倒角形成的顶刃为无横刃的尖刃。
优选地，所述铲钻刀片的刀具柄和刀具头的条中设置有冷却孔。
优选地，所述铲钻刀片从中心横刃开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置多级台阶。
优选地，所述铲钻刀片的切削刃上设置有多个凹口刃，所述凹口刃向后切削面延伸形成有多个凹槽。
优选地，所述阶梯中心面或分孔切削面或具有毫米强度的微切面上沿轴向设置成沟槽状。
优选地，在所述铲钻刀片最外侧的切削刃与副切削刃相交的夹角为锐角或直角，或钝角。
本发明还以提供一种组合刀片为目的，该种刀具具有阻断传导力的功能，散热效率高，强度大，寿命长，且在钻削加工时容易定位，钻孔精度高，人们普遍的认识是表面越光滑强度越高，最近几年的新的理论则是有微小间隙的面 强度更高，都没有揭露物质的本质结构特性，在两个固体体积相同的情况下，其中分散成的小体积的固体的表面积大于整体的固体的表面积，固体的整体结构达到一定体积极限时即使是金刚石也会碎裂，按体积受力的情况下小体积的固体受力强度之和远大于整体的固体的受力强度，经过实验验证在常规物理状态下的切削工具上，毫米量级有最明显的高强度特性即毫米强度，本发明是在一种组合刀片进行具有毫米强度的应用。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用下述技术方案：
一种组合刀片，在机械加工的组合刀具上经螺杆固定有至少两个组合刀片，所述组合刀片一体地由至少一个或多个切削方向的结构组成，每个切削方向的结构独立完成组合刀具的部分切削工作，在组合刀片朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，切削面底部一体地设置有切削槽，在组合刀片朝向旋转方向前端的面形成有切削面，旋转方向上向后的组合刀片顶端的面为后切削面，切削面与后切削面相交形成有切削刃，所述组合刀片的切削面上，沿组合刀具旋转中心的轴向方向上一体地设置有立起的微强化分级台，微强化分级台的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面；所述组合刀片的切削方向的结构是组合刀片在组合刀具上同时参与切削或辅助切削的所有结构；所述微强化分级台与后切削面相交形成有侧切削刃；所述分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有微强化分切刃；所述组合刀片上设置有定位孔。
一种组合刀片，在机械加工的组合刀具上经螺杆固定有至少两个组合刀片，所述组合刀片一体地由至少一个或多个切削方向的结构组成，每个切削方向的结构独立完成组合刀具的部分切削工作，在组合刀片朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，切削面底部一体地设置有切削槽，在组合刀片朝向旋转方向前端的面形成有切削面，旋转方向上向后的组合刀片顶端的面为后切削面，切削面与后切削面相交形成有切削刃，所述组合刀片的切削面上，沿组合刀具旋转中心的方向上一体地设置有立起的多级微强化分级台，微强化分级台的内侧一体地形成凸起的多级分级切削面；所述组合刀片的切削方向的结构是组合刀片在组合刀具上同时参与切削或辅助切削的所有结构；所述微强化分级台与后切削面相交形成有侧切削刃；所述分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有多级微强化分切刃；所述组合刀片上设置有定位孔。
一种组合刀片，在机械加工的组合刀具上经螺杆固定有至少两个组合刀片，所述组合刀片一体地由至少一个或多个切削方向的结构组成，每个切削方向的结构独立完成组合刀具的部分切削工作，在组合刀片朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，切削面底部一体地设置有切削槽，在组合刀片朝向旋转方向前端的面形成有切削面，旋转方向上向后的组合刀片顶端的面为后切削面，切削面与后切削面相交形成有切削刃，所述组合刀片的切削面上，沿组合刀具旋转中心的方向上一体地设置有立起的多级微强化分级台，微强化分级台的内侧一体地形成凸起的多级分级切削面；所述组合刀片的切削方向的结构是组合刀片在组合刀具上同时参与切削或辅助切削的所有结构；所述微强化分级台与后切削面相交形成有侧切削刃；所述分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有多级微强化分切刃；所述组合刀片的切削刃上设置有凹口刃，所述凹口刃向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽；所述组合刀片上设置有定位孔。
优选地，所述组合刀片从靠近轴向中心处开始以向组合刀具外侧方向的组合刀片后切削面上高度降低的方式设置至少一级台阶。
优选地，所述组合刀片的切削刃上设置有至少一个凹口刃，所述凹口刃向后切削面延伸形成有至少一个凹槽。
优选地，所述组合刀片大体上由三个切削方向的三角形结构组成，其中每个切削方向的结构的一端靠近组合刀具的中心位置，另一端靠近组合刀具的外侧位置。
优选地，所述组合刀片大体上由四个切削方向的四角形结构组成，其中每个切削方向的结构的一端靠近组合刀具的中心位置，另一端靠近组合刀具的外圆位置。
优选地，所述组合刀片上设置有至少一个切削方向的结构的；所述切削方向的结构包括切削刃，或凹口刃，或台阶刃。
优选地，所述组合刀片从中心横刃开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置多级台阶。
优选地，所述组合刀片的切削刃上设置有多个凹口刃，所述凹口刃向后切削面延伸形成有多个凹槽。
有益效果：
在钻床上进行的对比实验中，以直径10.15的麻花钻为实验，在铲钻刀片材质相同的情况下，钻孔对象为锻打调质的齿轮精车加工价，钻孔深度35mm，盲孔，普通结构的普通铲钻刀片在转速和进刀量达到极限的情况下，本发明的铲钻刀片还可以提高转速35％，提高进刀量50％，综合钻孔效率提高一倍以上，钻孔数量一种铲钻刀片比普通结构的麻花钻多增加至少十多倍以上。
在钻床上进行的对比实验中，以直径10.15的麻花钻为实验，在组合刀片材质相同的情况下，钻孔对象为锻打调质的齿轮精车加工价，钻孔深度35mm，盲孔，普通结构的普通组合刀片在转速和进刀量达到极限的情况下，本发明的组合刀片还可以提高转速35％，提高进刀量50％，综合钻孔效率提高一倍以上，钻孔数量一种组合刀片比普通结构的麻花钻多增加至少十多倍以上。
附图说明
本发明的技术方案和优点将通过结合附图进行详细的说明，其中：
图1是本发明的铲钻刀片的正视示意图。
图2是本发明的第1实施方式第一方案的铲钻刀片的示意图。
图3是本发明的第1实施方式第二方案的铲钻刀片的示意图。
图4是本发明的第1实施方式第三方案的铲钻刀片的示意图。
图5是本发明的第2实施方式第一方案的铲钻刀片的示意图。
图6是本发明的第2实施方式第二方案的铲钻刀片的示意图。
图7是本发明的第2实施方式第三方案的铲钻刀片的示意图。
图8是本发明的三角形组合刀片的俯视示意图。
图9是本发明的四角形组合刀片的俯视示意图。
图10是本发明的组合刀片的左视示意图。
图11是本发明的的组合刀片的右视示意图。
图12是本发明的组合刀片的正视示意图。
图13是本发明的组合刀片的后视示意图。
其中，附图标记为：微强化中心刃1，微强化中心面2，微强化分级台3，微强化分孔刃4，凹口刃5，分孔切削面6，切削面7，切削刃8，切削槽9，定位孔10，耐磨切削刃11，外侧凹陷的耐磨切削面12，微强化侧切削刃14，斜台15，定位槽16，铲钻刀片17，侧切削刃18，副切削面19，倒角面20， 倒角刃21，凹槽22，斜面23，后切削面24，微强化耐磨副刃25，微强化分孔副刃26，耐磨分级刃27，微强化中心副刃28，组合刀片29。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图详细地说明本发明的一种铲钻刀片的优选实施方式，在实施方式1-3中主要以具有两个条的刀具为例进行说明。组合刀片29的优选实施方式，在实施方式4-6中主要以具有切削方向的结构的三角形组合刀片和四角形组合刀片为例进行说明，组合刀片29在每次切削过程中只有一个切削方向的结构参与切削工作，其它的切削方向的结构属于损坏替补。
实施方式1：
如图1，图2-图4所示，本实施方式的一种铲钻刀片17，涉及用于机械加工的钻孔刀具，该铲钻刀片17沿轴向中心朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面7，切削面7底部一体地设置有切削槽9，在铲钻刀片17沿轴向中心旋转的向后的顶端的面为后切削面24，旋转方向上外面侧的面为副切削面19，副切削面19与后切削面24相交形成有侧切削刃18，切削面7与后切削面24相交形成有切削刃8，切削面7与副切削面19相交形成有副刃，至少两侧的后切削面相交形成有横刃O，切削面7与副切削面19相交形成有侧刃，铲钻刀片17的切削面7上，一体地立起的设置有微强化分级台3，微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面(微强化中心面2，分孔切削面6，外侧凹陷的耐磨切削面12)；微强化分级台3与后切削面24相交形成有微强化侧切削刃14；分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有分级切削刃(微强化中心刃1，微强化分孔刃4，耐磨切削刃11)；铲钻刀片17两侧的后切削面24在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；横刃的两侧倒角形成有倒角切削面、倒角刃和顶刃O；铲钻刀片17上设置有定位孔10和定位槽16，定位孔10的外侧设置延伸的斜台15。
铲钻刀片17旋转方向前端的面向后倾斜与铲钻刀体配合形成有斜面23。
本发明的铲钻刀片17上设置的微强化分级台3可分为三种设置方案，三种设置方案的作用和结果完全不同：
第一方案：
在铲钻刀片17的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，距轴向中心小于或等于 三分之一宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的铲钻刀片17具备最高的切削效率；微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面为微强化中心面2；微强化分级台3与后切削面24相交形成有微强化中心刃1(又称“微强化切削刃”)；微强化分级台3与微强化中心面2相交形成有微强化中心副刃28。
微强化中心面2与后切削面24相交形成的分级切削刃为微强化中心刃1。
第二方案：
在铲钻刀片17的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，距轴向中心小于或等于三分之二大于或等于三分之一宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的铲钻刀片17具备最高的钻孔稳定性；微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面为分孔切削面6；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有微强化分孔刃4；微强化分级台3与分孔切削面相交形成有微强化分孔副刃26。
第三方案：
在铲钻刀片17的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，距轴向中心大于或等于三分之二宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的铲钻刀片17具备最长的铲钻刀片17使用寿命；微强化分级台3的外侧一体地形成凹陷的微强化切削面，即外侧凹陷的耐磨切削面12；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有微强化侧切削刃14；副切削面19与耐磨切削面相交形成有微强化耐磨副刃25；耐磨切削面12立起的微强化分级台3与切削面7相交形成有耐磨分级刃27；耐磨切削面12与后切削面24相交形成有分级切削刃为耐磨切削刃11。
在上述设置方案的铲钻刀片17的切削刃上设置凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽的结构可以起到及时断屑的功能，并进一步提高效率和延长使用寿命。
通过在一种铲钻刀片17两侧的后切削面相交形成有横刃O，或在横刃O的两端倒角形成有倒角切削面，形成有倒角刃原横刃O倒角后形成为缩小的横刃O或无横刃O的尖刃O，由于横刃的减小或消除极大地降低了由于横刃过长所产生的巨大阻力。
一种铲钻刀片17从中心横刃开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置至少一级台阶。
一种铲钻刀片17的切削刃上设置有至少一个凹口刃5，凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有至少一个凹槽22。
铲钻刀片17两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；横刃的两侧倒角形成的顶刃为缩小的横刃。
铲钻刀片17两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；横刃的两侧倒角形成的顶刃为无横刃的尖刃O。
一种铲钻刀片17的刀具柄和刀具头的条中设置有冷却孔。
一种铲钻刀片17从中心横刃开始以向外侧的侧刃18方向的后切削面24上高度降低的方式设置多级台阶(未示出)。
一种铲钻刀片17的切削刃上设置有多个凹口刃5，凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有多个凹槽。
在一种铲钻刀片17最外侧的切削刃与副切削刃25相交的夹角为锐角或直角，或钝角。
根据上述结构，由于钻孔切削是圆周运动，在圆周运动的过程中产生了离心力，切削刃形成了离心力的传导载体，切削面与相邻的微强化分级台3和微切面与后切削面相交形成的微切刃、侧微刃和切削微刃将切削刃分开，减小了整体切削力，降低刀具头温度，分解刀具最易损坏的外端的切削刃的受力，使刀具使用寿命延长，并在加工过程中一直保持高强度。
在钻床上进行的对比实验中，以直径10.5的麻花钻为实验，同为M35的含钴高速钢，同时热处理，同批次生产，钻孔对象为锻打调质的齿轮精车加工价，钻孔深度35mm，盲孔，铲钻刀片17的微切面宽1.5mm，微强化分级台3高0.6mm，在普通结构的麻花钻转速和进刀量达到极限的情况下，铲钻刀片17还可以提高转速35％，提高进刀量50％，综合钻孔效率提高1.05倍，普通结构的麻花钻钻孔312个，铲钻刀片17钻孔3168个，钻孔数量铲钻刀片17比普通结构的麻花钻多增加十倍多。
根据上述实验结果麻花钻的使用效率和使用寿命明显大幅度提高，证明该种结构是延长使用寿命和提高效率的有效方式。
实施方式2：
如图1，图5-图7所示，本实施方式的一种铲钻刀片17，本发明的实施方式实在第一实施方式的基础上进行综合运用，涉及用于机械加工的钻孔刀具，该刀片17沿轴向中心朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面7，切削面7底部一体地设置有切削槽9，在铲钻刀片17沿轴向中心旋转的向后的顶端的面为后切削面24，旋转方向上外面侧的面为副切削面19，副切削面19与后切削面24相交形成有侧切削刃18，切削面7与后切削面24相交形成有切削刃8，切削面7与副切削面19相交形成有副刃，至少两侧的后切削面相交形成有横刃O，切削面7与副切削面19相交形成有侧刃，铲钻刀片17的切削面上，一体地立起的设置多级微强化分级台3，微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的多级分级切削面；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有多级微强化侧切削刃；分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有多级分级切削刃；铲钻刀片17两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；横刃的两侧倒角形成有倒角切削面，倒角刃和顶刃；铲钻刀片17上设置有定位孔和定位槽。
本发明的铲钻刀片17上设置的微强化分级台3的三种设置方案中的两个进行组合设置，组合方案设置的铲钻刀片17可以进一步提高切削效率和使用寿命：
第一方案：
在铲钻刀片17的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，距轴向中心小于或等于三分之一宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的铲钻刀片17具备最高的切削效率；微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面为微强化中心面2；微强化分级台3与后切削面24相交形成有微强化中心刃1(又称“微强化切削刃”)；微强化分级台3与微强化中心面2相交形成有微强化中心副刃28。
微强化中心面2与后切削面24相交形成的分级切削刃为微强化中心刃1。
第二方案：
在铲钻刀片17的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，距轴向中心小于或等于三分之二大于或等于三分之一宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的铲钻刀片17具备最高的钻孔稳定性；微强化分级台3的内侧一体 地形成凸起的分级切削面为分孔切削面6；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有微强化分孔刃4；微强化分级台3与分孔切削面相交形成有微强化分孔副刃26。
第三方案：
在铲钻刀片17的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，距轴向中心大于或等于三分之二宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的铲钻刀片17具备最长的铲钻刀片17使用寿命；微强化分级台3的外侧一体地形成凹陷的微强化切削面，即外侧凹陷的耐磨切削面12；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有微强化侧切削刃14；副切削面19与耐磨切削面相交形成有微强化耐磨副刃25；耐磨切削面12立起的微强化分级台3与切削面7相交形成有耐磨分级刃27；耐磨切削面12与后切削面24相交形成有分级切削刃为耐磨切削刃11。
第一方案和第二方案组合设置形成第一组合方案；
第一方案和第三方案组合设置形成第二组合方案；
第二方案和第三方案组合设置形成第三组合方案；
或第一方案，第二方案和第三方案组合设置形成第四组合方案；
其中，任何一个组合方案都优于其中所包含的每个独立方案的性能百分之五十以上，包括每个方案内的不同宽度范围内重复设置。
在上述设置方案的铲钻刀片17的切削刃上设置凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽的结构可以起到及时断屑的功能，并进一步提高效率和延长使用寿命。
一种铲钻刀片17从中心横刃开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置至少一级台阶。
铲钻刀片17两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；横刃的两侧倒角形成的顶刃为缩小的横刃。
铲钻刀片17两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；横刃的两侧倒角形成的顶刃为无横刃的尖刃。
一种铲钻刀片17的刀具柄和刀具头的条中设置有冷却孔。
一种铲钻刀片17从中心横刃开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度 降低的方式设置多级台阶。
一种铲钻刀片17的切削刃上设置有多个凹口刃5，凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有多个凹槽。
阶梯中心面或分孔切削面或具有毫米强度的微切面上沿轴向设置成沟槽状。
在一种铲钻刀片17最外侧的切削刃与副切削刃相交的夹角为锐角或直角，或钝角。
在钻床上进行的对比实验中，以直径10.5的麻花钻为实验，同为M35的含钴高速钢，同时热处理，同批次生产，钻孔对象为锻打调质的齿轮精车加工价，钻孔深度35mm，盲孔，铲钻刀片17的微切面宽1.5mm，微强化分级台3高0.6mm，在普通结构的麻花钻转速和进刀量达到极限的情况下，本发明的铲钻刀片17还可以提高转速35％，提高进刀量50％，综合钻孔效率提高1.05倍，普通结构的麻花钻钻孔312个，铲钻刀片17钻孔5168个，钻孔数量铲钻刀片17比普通结构的麻花钻多增加十六倍多。
根据上述实验结果麻花钻的使用效率和使用寿命明显大幅度提高，证明该种结构是延长使用寿命和提高效率的有效方式。
实施方式3：
如图1-图7所示，本实施方式是在第1-2实施方式的基础上进行综合运用，涉及用于机械加工的钻孔刀具，该刀片17沿轴向中心朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面7，切削面7底部一体地设置有切削槽9，在铲钻刀片17沿轴向中心旋转的向后的顶端的面为后切削面24，旋转方向上外面侧的面为副切削面19，副切削面19与后切削面24相交形成有侧切削刃18，切削面7与后切削面24相交形成有切削刃8，切削面7与副切削面19相交形成有副刃，至少两侧的后切削面相交形成有横刃O，切削面7与副切削面19相交形成有侧刃，铲钻刀片17的切削面上，一体地立起的设置多级微强化分级台3，微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的多级分级切削面；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有多级微强化侧切削刃；分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有多级分级切削刃；铲钻刀片17的切削刃上设置有凹口刃5，凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽；铲钻刀片17两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；横刃的两 侧倒角形成有倒角切削面，倒角刃和顶刃；铲钻刀片17上设置有定位孔和定位槽。
本发明的铲钻刀片17上设置的微强化分级台3可分为三种设置方案，三种设置方案的作用和结果完全不同：
第一方案：
在铲钻刀片17的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，距轴向中心小于或等于三分之一宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的铲钻刀片17具备最高的切削效率；微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面为微强化中心面2；微强化分级台3与后切削面24相交形成有微强化中心刃1(又称“微强化切削刃”)；微强化分级台3与微强化中心面2相交形成有微强化中心副刃28。
微强化中心面2与后切削面24相交形成的分级切削刃为微强化中心刃1。
第二方案：
在铲钻刀片17的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，距轴向中心小于或等于三分之二大于或等于三分之一宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的铲钻刀片17具备最高的钻孔稳定性；微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面为分孔切削面6；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有微强化分孔刃4；微强化分级台3与分孔切削面相交形成有微强化分孔副刃26。
第三方案：
在铲钻刀片17的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，距轴向中心大于或等于三分之二宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的铲钻刀片17具备最长的铲钻刀片17使用寿命；微强化分级台3的外侧一体地形成凹陷的微强化切削面，即外侧凹陷的耐磨切削面12；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有微强化侧切削刃14；副切削面19与耐磨切削面相交形成有微强化耐磨副刃25；耐磨切削面12立起的微强化分级台3与切削面7相交形成有耐磨分级刃27；耐磨切削面12与后切削面24相交形成有分级切削刃为耐磨切削刃11。
第一方案和第二方案组合设置形成第一组合方案；
第一方案和第三方案组合设置形成第二组合方案；
第二方案和第三方案组合设置形成第三组合方案；
或第一方案，第二方案和第三方案组合设置形成第四组合方案；
在上述不同的方案或不同的组合方案上，在切削刃上设置凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽的结构可以起到及时断屑的功能。
在上述不同的组合方案的铲钻刀片17切削刃上设置凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽的结构可以起到及时断屑的功能，并进一步提高效率和延长使用寿命。
一种铲钻刀片17从中心横刃开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置至少一级台阶。
一种铲钻刀片17的切削刃上设置有至少一个凹口刃5，凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有至少一个凹槽。
铲钻刀片17两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；横刃的两侧倒角形成的顶刃为缩小的横刃。
铲钻刀片17两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；横刃的两侧倒角形成的顶刃O为无横刃的尖刃。
一种铲钻刀片17的刀具柄和刀具头的条中设置有冷却孔。
一种铲钻刀片17从中心横刃开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置多级台阶。
一种铲钻刀片17的切削刃上设置有多个凹口刃5，凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有多个凹槽22。
阶梯中心面或分孔切削面或具有毫米强度的微切面上沿轴向设置成沟槽状。
在一种铲钻刀片17最外侧的切削刃与副切削刃相交的夹角为锐角或直角，或钝角。
在钻床上进行的对比实验中，以直径10.5的麻花钻为实验，同为M35的含钴高速钢，同时热处理，同批次生产，钻孔对象为锻打调质的齿轮精车加工价，钻孔深度35mm，盲孔，铲钻刀片17的微切面宽1.5mm，微强化分级台3高0.6mm，在普通结构的麻花钻转速和进刀量达到极限的情况下，铲钻刀片 17还可以提高转速35％，提高进刀量50％，综合钻孔效率提高1.05倍，普通结构的麻花钻钻孔312个，一种铲钻刀片17钻孔6268个，钻孔数量一种铲钻刀片17比普通结构的麻花钻多增加二十倍多。
根据上述实验结果麻花钻的使用效率和使用寿命明显大幅度提高，证明该种结构是延长使用寿命和提高效率的有效方式。
在第一-三实施方式的基础上进行综合选择性运用两侧的后切削面相交形成的横刃O上，两端倒角形成有倒角切削面和倒角刃，原横刃O倒角后形成为缩小的横刃O或无横刃O的尖刃O，由于横刃的减小或消除极大地降低了由于横刃过长所产生的巨大阻力。
以上虽然以具有两个切削面的铲钻刀片17为例进行了说明，但是本发明的铲钻刀片17也可具有多个切削面，在每个切削面上可以采用如实施方式的结构及其其它多种形式的组合。
实施方式4：
如图8-图13所示，其中图8是设置有三种切削技术的三角形的组合刀片29，图9是设置有三种切削技术的四角形的组合刀片29，图10-图13上设置有本发明的第一实施方式的组合刀片29实施方式，在机械加工的组合刀具上经螺杆固定有至少两个组合刀片29配合切削，组合刀片29一体地由至少一个或多个切削方向的结构组成，每个切削方向的结构独立完成组合刀具的部分切削工作，该组合刀片29朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面7，切削面7底部一体地设置有切削槽9，旋转方向上向后的组合刀片29顶端的面为后切削面24，切削面7与后切削面24相交形成有切削刃8，组合刀片29的切削方向的结构是组合刀片29在组合刀具上同时参与切削或辅助切削的所有结构；组合刀片29在每次切削过程中只有一个切削方向的结构参与切削工作，其它的切削方向的结构属于损坏替补，由螺杆固定。
组合刀片29的切削面7上，一体地立起的设置有微强化分级台3，微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面(微强化中心面2，分孔切削面6，外侧凹陷的耐磨切削面12)；微强化分级台3与后切削面24相交形成有微强化侧切削刃14；分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有分级切削刃(微强化中心刃1，微强化分孔刃4，耐磨切削刃11)；组合刀片29上设置有定位孔10。
组合刀片29大体上由三个切削方向的三角形结构组成，其中，每个切削方向的结构的一端靠近组合刀具的中心位置，另一端靠近组合刀具的外侧位置。
组合刀片29大体上由四个切削方向的四角形结构组成，其中每个切削方向的结构的一端靠近组合刀具的中心位置，另一端靠近组合刀具的外侧位置。
组合刀片29上设置有至少一个切削方向的结构的；切削方向的结构包括组合刀片29在组合刀具上同时参与切削或辅助切削的所有结构。
组合刀片29旋转方向前端的面向后倾斜与铲钻刀体配合形成有斜面23。
本发明的组合刀片29上设置的微强化分级台3可分为三种设置方案，三种设置方案的作用和结果完全不同：
第一方案：
在组合刀片29的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，在小于或等于三分之一宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的组合刀片29具备最高的切削效率；
微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面为微强化中心面2；
微强化分级台3与后切削面24相交形成有微强化中心刃1(又称“微强化切削刃”)。
微强化中心面2与后切削面24相交形成的分级切削刃为微强化中心刃1。
第二方案：
在组合刀片29的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，在小于或等于三分之二大于或等于三分之一宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的组合刀片29具备最高的钻孔稳定性；微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面为分孔切削面6；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有微强化分孔刃4。
第三方案：
在组合刀片29的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，在大于或等于三分之二宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的组合刀片29具备最长的组合刀片29使用寿命；微强化分级台3的外侧一体地形成凹陷的微强化切削面，即外侧凹陷的耐磨切削面12；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成 有微强化侧切削刃14；耐磨切削面12与后切削面24相交形成有分级切削刃为耐磨切削刃11。
在上述设置方案的组合刀片29的切削刃上设置凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽的结构可以起到及时断屑的功能，并进一步提高效率和延长使用寿命。
一种组合刀片29从中心开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置至少一级台阶。
一种组合刀片29的切削刃上设置有至少一个凹口刃5，凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有至少一个凹槽22。
一种组合刀片29从中心横刃开始以向外侧的侧刃18方向的后切削面24上高度降低的方式设置多级台阶(未示出)。
一种组合刀片29的切削刃上设置有多个凹口刃5，凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有多个凹槽。
根据上述结构，由于钻孔切削是圆周运动，在圆周运动的过程中产生了离心力，切削刃形成了离心力的传导载体，切削面与相邻的微强化分级台3和具有毫米强度的微切面与后切削面相交形成的微切刃、侧微刃和切削微刃将切削刃分开，并将传导力进行了分化，减小了整体切削力，最大限度的减小了外侧切削面与后切削面相交的切削刃和切削刃的受力作用，降低刀具头温度，分解刀具最易损坏的外端的切削刃的受力，使刀具使用寿命延长，并在加工过程中一直保持高强度。
在钻床上进行的对比实验中，以直径10.5的麻花钻为实验，同为M35的含钴高速钢，同时热处理，同批次生产，钻孔对象为锻打调质的齿轮精车加工价，钻孔深度35mm，盲孔，组合刀片29的微切面宽1.5mm，微强化分级台3高0.6mm，在普通结构的麻花钻转速和进刀量达到极限的情况下，组合刀片29还可以提高转速35％，提高进刀量50％，综合钻孔效率提高1.05倍，普通结构的麻花钻钻孔312个，组合刀片29钻孔3168个，钻孔数量组合刀片29比普通结构的麻花钻多增加十倍多。
根据上述实验结果麻花钻的使用效率和使用寿命明显大幅度提高，证明该种结构是延长使用寿命和提高效率的有效方式。
实施方式5：
如图8-图13所示，本实施方式，在第4实施方式的基础上本发明的图8是设置有三种切削技术组合设置的三角形的组合刀片29，图9是设置有三种切削技术组合设置的四角形的组合刀片29，图10-图13上设置有本发明的第4实施方式的一种组合刀片29实施方式，在机械加工的组合刀具上经螺杆固定有至少两个组合刀片29配合切削，组合刀片29一体地由至少一个或多个切削方向的结构组成，每个切削方向的结构独立完成组合刀具的部分切削工作，该组合刀片29朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面7，切削面7底部一体地设置有切削槽9，旋转方向上向后的组合刀片29顶端的面为后切削面24，切削面7与后切削面24相交形成有切削刃8，组合刀片29的切削方向的结构是组合刀片29在组合刀具上同时参与切削或辅助切削的所有结构；组合刀片29在每次切削过程中只有一个切削方向的结构参与切削工作，其它的切削方向的结构属于损坏替补，由螺杆固定。
组合刀片29的切削面7上，一体地立起的设置有多级微强化分级台3，微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的多级分级切削面(微强化中心面2，分孔切削面6，外侧凹陷的耐磨切削面12)；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有多级微强化侧切削刃；分级切削面切削面与后切削面相交形成有多级分级切削刃；组合刀片29上设置有定位孔和定位槽。
本发明的组合刀片29上设置的微强化分级台3的三种设置方案中的两个进行组合设置，组合方案设置的组合刀片29可以进一步提高切削效率和使用寿命：
第一方案：
在组合刀片29的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，在小于或等于三分之一宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的组合刀片29具备最高的切削效率；微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面为微强化中心面2；微强化分级台3与后切削面24相交形成有微强化中心刃1(又称“微强化切削刃”)。
微强化中心面2与后切削面24相交形成的分级切削刃为微强化中心刃1。
第二方案：
在组合刀片29的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，在小于或等于三分之二大于或等于三分之一宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的组合刀片29具备最高的钻孔稳定性；微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面为分孔切削面6；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有微强化分孔刃4。
第三方案：
在组合刀片29的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，在大于或等于三分之二宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的组合刀片29具备最长的组合刀片29使用寿命；微强化分级台3的外侧一体地形成凹陷的微强化切削面，即侧面凹陷的耐磨切削面12；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有微强化侧切削刃14；耐磨切削面12与后切削面24相交形成有分级切削刃为耐磨切削刃11。
第一方案和第二方案组合设置形成第一组合方案；
第一方案和第三方案组合设置形成第二组合方案；
第二方案和第三方案组合设置形成第三组合方案；
或第一方案，第二方案和第三方案组合设置形成第四组合方案；
其中，任何一个组合方案都优于其中所包含的每个独立方案的性能百分之五十以上，包括每个方案内的不同宽度范围内重复设置。
在上述设置方案的组合刀片29的切削刃上设置凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽的结构可以起到及时断屑的功能，并进一步提高效率和延长使用寿命。
一种组合刀片29从中心开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置至少一级台阶。
一种组合刀片29从中心开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置多级台阶。
一种组合刀片29的切削刃上设置有多个凹口刃5，凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有多个凹槽。
阶梯中心面或分孔切削面或具有毫米强度的微切面上沿轴向设置成沟槽状。
在钻床上进行的对比实验中，以直径10.5的麻花钻为实验，同为M35的含钴高速钢，同时热处理，同批次生产，钻孔对象为锻打调质的齿轮精车加工价，钻孔深度35mm，盲孔，组合刀片29的微切面宽1.5mm，微强化分级台3高0.6mm，在普通结构的麻花钻转速和进刀量达到极限的情况下，本发明的组合刀片29还可以提高转速35％，提高进刀量50％，综合钻孔效率提高1.05倍，普通结构的麻花钻钻孔312个，组合刀片29钻孔5168个，钻孔数量组合刀片29比普通结构的麻花钻多增加十六倍多。
根据上述实验结果麻花钻的使用效率和使用寿命明显大幅度提高，证明该种结构是延长使用寿命和提高效率的有效方式。
实施方式6：
如图8-图13所示，本实施方式，在第4-5实施方式的基础上本发明的图8是设置有三种切削技术组合设置的三角形的组合刀片29，组合刀片29的切削刃上设置有凹口刃5，凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽；图9是设置有三种切削技术组合设置的四角形的组合刀片29，图10-图13上设置有本发明的第6实施方式的一种组合刀片29，在机械加工的组合刀具上经螺杆固定有至少两个组合刀片29配合切削，组合刀片29一体地由至少一个或多个切削方向的结构组成，每个切削方向的结构独立完成组合刀具的部分切削工作，该组合刀片29朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面7，切削面7底部一体地设置有切削槽9，旋转方向上向后的组合刀片29顶端的面为后切削面24，切削面7与后切削面24相交形成有切削刃8，组合刀片29的切削方向的结构是组合刀片29在组合刀具上同时参与切削或辅助切削的所有结构；组合刀片29在每次切削过程中只有一个切削方向的结构参与切削工作，其它的切削方向的结构属于损坏替补，由螺杆固定。
组合刀片29的切削面7上，一体地立起的设置有多级微强化分级台3，微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的多级分级切削面(微强化中心面2，分孔切削面6，外侧凹陷的耐磨切削面12)；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有多级微强化侧切削刃；分级切削面切削面与后切削面相交形成有多级分级切削刃；组合刀片29的切削刃上设置有凹口刃5，凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽；组合刀片29上设置有定位孔和定位槽。
本发明的组合刀片29上设置的微强化分级台3可分为三种设置方案，三种设置方案的作用和结果完全不同：
第一方案：
在组合刀片29的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，在小于或等于三分之一宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的组合刀片29具备最高的切削效率；微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面为微强化中心面2；微强化分级台3与后切削面24相交形成有微强化中心刃1(又称“微强化切削刃”)。
微强化中心面2与后切削面24相交形成的分级切削刃为微强化中心刃1。
第二方案：
在组合刀片29的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，在小于或等于三分之二大于或等于三分之一宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的组合刀片29具备最高的钻孔稳定性；微强化分级台3的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面为分孔切削面6；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有微强化分孔刃4。
第三方案：
在组合刀片29的沿轴向中心旋转的切削面7上，在大于或等于三分之二宽度的切削面上设置立起的微强化分级台3的方式形成的组合刀片29具备最长的组合刀片29使用寿命；微强化分级台3的外侧一体地形成凹陷的微强化切削面，即外侧凹陷的耐磨切削面12；微强化分级台3与后切削面相交形成有微强化侧切削刃14；耐磨切削面12与后切削面24相交形成有分级切削刃为耐磨切削刃11。
第一方案和第二方案组合设置形成第一组合方案；
第一方案和第三方案组合设置形成第二组合方案；
第二方案和第三方案组合设置形成第三组合方案；
或第一方案，第二方案和第三方案组合设置形成第四组合方案；
在上述不同的方案或不同的组合方案上，在切削刃上设置凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽的结构可以起到及时断屑的功能。
在上述不同的组合方案的组合刀片29切削刃上设置凹口刃5向后切削面 延伸形成有凹槽的结构可以起到及时断屑的功能，并进一步提高效率和延长使用寿命。
一种组合刀片29从中心开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置至少一级台阶。
一种组合刀片29的切削刃上设置有至少一个凹口刃5，凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有至少一个凹槽22。
一种组合刀片29从中心开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置多级台阶。
一种组合刀片29的切削刃上设置有多个凹口刃5，凹口刃5向后切削面延伸形成有多个凹槽22。
阶梯中心面或分孔切削面或具有毫米强度的微切面上沿轴向设置成沟槽状。
在钻床上进行的对比实验中，以直径10.5的麻花钻为实验，同为M35的含钴高速钢，同时热处理，同批次生产，钻孔对象为锻打调质的齿轮精车加工价，钻孔深度35mm，盲孔，组合刀片29的微切面宽1.5mm，微强化分级台3高0.6mm，在普通结构的麻花钻转速和进刀量达到极限的情况下，组合刀片29还可以提高转速35％，提高进刀量50％，综合钻孔效率提高1.05倍，普通结构的麻花钻钻孔312个，组合刀片29钻孔6268个，钻孔数量组合刀片29比普通结构的麻花钻多增加二十倍多。
根据上述实验结果麻花钻的使用效率和使用寿命明显大幅度提高，证明该种结构是延长使用寿命和提高效率的有效方式。
以上虽然以组合刀片29一体地具有3个切削方向的结构三角形组合刀片29和一体地具有3个切削方向的结构四角形组合刀片29为例进行了说明，但是本发明的组合刀片29以1个或两个或多个切削方向的结构进行设置，在每个切削方向的结构上可以采用如实施方式的结构及其其它多种形式的组合。
以上所述优选实施方式是说明性的而不是限制性的，在不脱离本发明的主旨和基本特征的情况下，本发明还可以以其他方式进行实施和具体化，本发明的范围由权利要求进行限定，在权利要求限定范围内的所有变形都落入本发明的范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种铲钻刀片，涉及用于机械加工的钻孔刀具，该刀片沿轴向中心朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，切削面底部一体地设置有切削槽，在铲钻刀片沿轴向中心旋转的朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，旋转方向上向后的刀片顶端的面为后切削面，旋转方向上外面侧的面为副切削面，切削面与后切削面相交形成有切削刃，切削面与副切削面相交形成有副刃，至少两侧的后切削面相交形成有横刃，副切削面与后切削面相交形成有侧刃，其特征在于：所述铲钻刀片的切削面上，一体地立起的设置有微强化分级台，微强化分级台的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面；所述微强化分级台与后切削面相交形成有微强化侧切削刃；所述分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有分级切削刃；所述铲钻刀片两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；所述横刃的两侧倒角形成有倒角切削面、倒角刃和顶刃；所述铲钻刀片上设置有定位孔和定位槽。
  2. 一种铲钻刀片，涉及用于机械加工的钻孔刀具，该刀片沿轴向中心朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，切削面底部一体地设置有切削槽，在铲钻刀片沿轴向中心旋转的朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，旋转方向上向后的刀片顶端的面为后切削面，旋转方向上外面侧的面为副切削面，切削面与后切削面相交形成有切削刃，切削面与副切削面相交形成有副刃，至少两侧的后切削面相交形成有横刃，副切削面与后切削面相交形成有侧刃，其特征在于：所述铲钻刀片的切削面上，一体地立起的设置多级微强化分级台，微强化分级台的内侧一体地形成凸起的多级分级切削面；所述微强化分级台与后切削面相交形成有多级微强化侧切削刃；所述分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有多级分级切削刃；所述铲钻刀片两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；所述横刃的两侧倒角形成有倒角切削面、倒角刃和顶刃；所述铲钻刀片上设置有定位孔和定位槽。
  3. 一种铲钻刀片，涉及用于机械加工的钻孔刀具，该刀片沿轴向中心朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，切削面底部一体地设置有切削槽，在铲钻刀片沿轴向中心旋转的朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，旋转方向上向后的刀片顶端的面为后切削面，旋转方向上外面侧的面为副切削面，切削面与后切削面相交形成有切削刃，切削面与副切削面相交形成有副刃，至少两侧的后切削面相交形成有横刃，副切削面与后切削面相交形成有侧刃，其特征在于：所述铲钻刀 片的切削面上，一体地立起的设置多级微强化分级台，微强化分级台的内侧一体地形成凸起的多级分级切削面；所述微强化分级台与后切削面相交形成有多级微强化侧切削刃；所述分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有多级分级切削刃；所述铲钻刀片的切削刃上设置有凹口刃，所述凹口刃向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽；所述铲钻刀片两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；所述横刃的两侧倒角形成有倒角切削面，倒角刃和顶刃；所述铲钻刀片上设置有定位孔和定位槽。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一所述铲钻刀片，其特征在于：所述铲钻刀片从中心横刃开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置至少一级台阶。
  5. 如权利要求1-2任一所述铲钻刀片，其特征在于：所述铲钻刀片的切削刃上设置有至少一个凹口刃，所述凹口刃向后切削面延伸形成有至少一个凹槽。
  6. 如权利要求1-3任一所述铲钻刀片，其特征在于：所述铲钻刀片两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；所述横刃的两侧倒角形成的顶刃为缩小的横刃。
  7. 如权利要求1-3任一所述铲钻刀片，其特征在于：所述铲钻刀片两侧的后切削面在轴向中心相交形成有横刃；所述横刃的两侧倒角形成的顶刃为无横刃的尖刃。
  8. 如权利要求1-3任一所述铲钻刀片，其特征在于：所述铲钻刀片的刀具柄和刀具头的条中设置有冷却孔。
  9. 如权利要求1-3任一所述铲钻刀片，其特征在于：所述铲钻刀片从中心横刃开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置多级台阶。
  10. 如权利要求1-3任一所述铲钻刀片，其特征在于：所述铲钻刀片的切削刃上设置有多个凹口刃，所述凹口刃向后切削面延伸形成有多个凹槽。
  11. 一种组合刀片，在机械加工的组合刀具上经螺杆固定有至少两个组合刀片，所述组合刀片一体地由至少一个或多个切削方向的结构组成，每个切削 方向的结构独立完成组合刀具的部分切削工作，在组合刀片朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，切削面底部一体地设置有切削槽，在组合刀片朝向旋转方向前端的面形成有切削面，旋转方向上向后的组合刀片顶端的面为后切削面，切削面与后切削面相交形成有切削刃，其特征在于：所述组合刀片的切削面上，沿组合刀具旋转中心的轴向方向上一体地设置有立起的微强化分级台，微强化分级台的内侧一体地形成凸起的分级切削面；所述组合刀片的切削方向的结构是组合刀片在组合刀具上同时参与切削或辅助切削的所有结构；所述微强化分级台与后切削面相交形成有侧切削刃；所述分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有微强化分切刃；所述组合刀片上设置有定位孔。
  12. 一种组合刀片，在机械加工的组合刀具上经螺杆固定有至少两个组合刀片，所述组合刀片一体地由至少一个或多个切削方向的结构组成，每个切削方向的结构独立完成组合刀具的部分切削工作，在组合刀片朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，切削面底部一体地设置有切削槽，在组合刀片朝向旋转方向前端的面形成有切削面，旋转方向上向后的组合刀片顶端的面为后切削面，切削面与后切削面相交形成有切削刃，其特征在于：所述组合刀片的切削面上，沿组合刀具旋转中心的方向上一体地设置有立起的多级微强化分级台，微强化分级台的内侧一体地形成凸起的多级分级切削面；所述组合刀片的切削方向的结构是组合刀片在组合刀具上同时参与切削或辅助切削的所有结构；所述微强化分级台与后切削面相交形成有侧切削刃；所述分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有多级微强化分切刃；所述组合刀片上设置有定位孔。
  13. 一种组合刀片，在机械加工的组合刀具上经螺杆固定有至少两个组合刀片，所述组合刀片一体地由至少一个或多个切削方向的结构组成，每个切削方向的结构独立完成组合刀具的部分切削工作，在组合刀片朝向切削方向的面形成有切削面，切削面底部一体地设置有切削槽，在组合刀片朝向旋转方向前端的面形成有切削面，旋转方向上向后的组合刀片顶端的面为后切削面，切削面与后切削面相交形成有切削刃，其特征在于：所述组合刀片的切削面上，沿组合刀具旋转中心的方向上一体地设置有立起的多级微强化分级台，微强化分级台的内侧一体地形成凸起的多级分级切削面；所述组合刀片的切削方向的结构是组合刀片在组合刀具上同时参与切削或辅助切削的所有结构；所述微强化 分级台与后切削面相交形成有侧切削刃；所述分级切削面与后切削面相交形成有多级微强化分切刃；所述组合刀片的切削刃上设置有凹口刃，所述凹口刃向后切削面延伸形成有凹槽；所述组合刀片上设置有定位孔。
  14. 如权利要求11-13任一所述组合刀片，其特征在于：所述组合刀片从靠近轴向中心处开始以向组合刀具外侧方向的组合刀片后切削面上高度降低的方式设置至少一级台阶。
  15. 如权利要求11-12任一所述组合刀片，其特征在于：所述组合刀片的切削刃上设置有至少一个凹口刃，所述凹口刃向后切削面延伸形成有至少一个凹槽。
  16. 如权利要求11-13任一所述组合刀片，其特征在于：所述组合刀片大体上由三个切削方向的三角形结构组成，其中每个切削方向的结构的一端靠近组合刀具的中心位置，另一端靠近组合刀具的外侧位置。
  17. 如权利要求11-13任一所述组合刀片，其特征在于：所述组合刀片大体上由四个切削方向的四角形结构组成，其中每个切削方向的结构的一端靠近组合刀具的中心位置，另一端靠近组合刀具的外圆位置。
  18. 如权利要求11-13任一所述组合刀片，其特征在于：所述组合刀片上设置有至少一个切削方向的结构的；所述切削方向的结构包括切削刃，或凹口刃，或台阶刃。
  19. 如权利要求11-13任一所述组合刀片，其特征在于：所述组合刀片从中心横刃开始以向外侧的侧刃方向的后切削面上高度降低的方式设置多级台阶。
  20. 如权利要求11-13任一所述组合刀片，其特征在于：所述组合刀片的切削刃上设置有多个凹口刃，所述凹口刃向后切削面延伸形成有多个凹槽。
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