WO2023166788A1 - ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物及びガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物及びガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/097—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing phosphorus, niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to glass compositions for glass fibers, glass fibers, glass fiber fabrics, and glass fiber reinforced resin compositions.
- the dielectric loss energy W absorbed by the glass is proportional to the dielectric constant ⁇ and the dielectric loss tangent tan ⁇ determined by the components and structure of the glass, and is expressed by the following equation (A).
- W kfv2 ⁇ 1 /2 ⁇ tan ⁇ (A)
- Equation (A) k is a constant, f is a frequency, and v2 is a potential gradient. From the formula (A), it can be seen that the greater the dielectric constant ⁇ and the dielectric loss tangent tan ⁇ and the higher the frequency f, the greater the dielectric loss and the greater the heat generation of the glass fiber reinforced resin molded product.
- a glass fiber having a lower dielectric constant ⁇ and a lower dielectric loss tangent tan ⁇ is known as a glass fiber that can be used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the glass fiber containing the glass filament made of the glass composition for glass fiber described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-213162 has biosolubility and can be made into a long fiber.
- the glass fiber has the disadvantage that it cannot have a sufficiently low dielectric loss tangent when it is used in glass fiber reinforced resin moldings that are exposed to high frequencies.
- the present invention provides a glass composition for glass fiber that eliminates such inconveniences and provides a glass fiber that is biosoluble, can be made into a long fiber, and contains a glass filament with a low dielectric loss tangent.
- intended to Another object of the present invention is to provide a glass fiber formed from the glass composition for glass fiber, a glass fiber fabric containing the glass fiber, and a glass fiber reinforced resin composition.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present invention contains SiO 2 in the range of 36.0% by mass or more and less than 48.0% by mass, and 18.0% by mass or more and 32.0% by mass.
- B 2 O 3 in the range of 0% by mass or less
- Al 2 O 3 in the range of 12.0% by mass to 24.0% by mass
- P in the range of 2.5% by mass to 8.9% by mass 2 O 5 and a total of CaO and MgO in a range of 5.0% by mass or more and 13.0% by mass or less.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present invention has the above composition, so that when it is made into glass fiber, it has biosolubility, can be made into a long fiber, and has a low dielectric loss tangent.
- the glass fiber has biosolubility means that the total elution rate of Si, B, Al and Ca measured by the method described later is 110 ⁇ g/h or more. Further, the fact that glass fibers can be made into long fibers means that the working temperature range is 30 ° C. or higher, which is calculated as the difference between the 1000-poise temperature and the liquidus temperature measured by the method described later. do. Also, that the glass fiber has a low dielectric loss tangent means that the dielectric loss tangent at a measurement frequency of 10 GHz is less than 0.0030.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present invention is a glass composition for glass fiber having the above composition, wherein the SiO 2 content S, the P 2 O 5 content P, the CaO content C and Preferably, the MgO content M satisfies the following formula (1-1). 0.38 ⁇ (C+M)/(S/P) ⁇ 1.52 (1-1)
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present invention has the above composition, and the S, P, C and M satisfy the above formula (1-1), so that when the glass fiber is made into a glass fiber, It has solubility, can be made into a long fiber, and can have a low dielectric loss tangent.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present invention in the composition, contains the SiO 2 content S, the B 2 O 3 content B, the Al 2 O 3 content A, and the P 2 O 5 content P, the CaO content C, and the MgO content M preferably satisfy the following formula (2-1). 0.91 ⁇ (S/P) ⁇ (C+M)/(A+B) ⁇ 2.31 (2-1)
- the S, B, A, P, C and M satisfy the formula (2-1), so that when the glass fiber is made into a glass fiber, it is dissolved in the body. It can be easily made into a long fiber, and can have a low dielectric loss tangent.
- the glass fiber is easily formed into long fibers means that the working temperature range, which is calculated as the difference between the 1000 poise temperature and the liquidus temperature measured by the method described later, is 100 ° C. or higher. means that
- the S, B, A, P, C and M satisfy the following formula (2-2). preferable. 0.92 ⁇ (S/P) ⁇ (C+M)/(A+B) ⁇ 2.24 (2-2)
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present invention is a glass composition for glass fiber having the above composition, wherein the S, B, A, P, C and M satisfy the formula (2-2), so that the glass When made into a fiber, it has biosolubility, can be easily made into a long fiber, can have a low dielectric loss tangent, and can have excellent water resistance.
- the fact that the glass fiber has excellent water resistance means that the weight loss rate after the test when the fiber sample is immersed in water at 80 ° C. for 24 hours is less than 1.0% by mass. do.
- the S, B, A, P, C and M satisfy the following formula (2-3). preferable. 0.93 ⁇ (S/P) ⁇ (C+M)/(A+B) ⁇ 1.92 (2-3)
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present invention is a glass composition for glass fiber having the above composition, wherein the S, B, A, P, C and M satisfy the formula (2-3), so that the glass When made into a fiber, it has biosolubility, can be easily made into a long fiber, can have a low dielectric loss tangent, can have excellent water resistance, and can suppress the occurrence of phase separation. can be done.
- the ability to suppress the occurrence of phase separation in glass fibers means that when the bulk appearance for dielectric constant measurement is observed, it is transparent or almost transparent with some white turbidity.
- the glass fiber of the present invention is characterized by comprising a glass filament made of any one of the glass compositions for glass fiber.
- the filament diameter of the glass filament is preferably less than 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the glass fiber fabric of the present invention is characterized by comprising the glass fiber.
- the glass fiber reinforced resin composition of the present invention is characterized by containing the glass fiber.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment contains SiO2 in the range of 36.0% by mass or more and less than 48.0% by mass and SiO 2 in the range of 18.0% by mass or more and 32.0% by mass or less B 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 in the range of 12.0% by mass to 24.0% by mass, and P 2 O 5 in the range of 2.5% by mass to 8.9% by mass, in total It contains CaO and MgO in the range of 5.0% by mass or more and 13.0% by mass or less.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment has the above composition, so that when it is made into glass fiber, it has biosolubility, can be made into a long fiber, and has a low dielectric loss tangent.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment if SiO 2 is less than 36.0% by mass with respect to the total amount, the strength and elastic modulus of the glass fiber obtained from the glass composition for glass fiber are reduced. However, when it is used in a composite material with a resin, the effect of reinforcing the resin becomes insufficient. On the other hand, when SiO 2 is 48.0% by mass or more relative to the total amount, the biosolubility of the glass fiber obtained from the glass composition for glass fiber may be lowered.
- the content of SiO 2 with respect to the total amount is preferably in the range of 37.0% by mass or more and 47.9% by mass or less, more preferably 38.0% by mass. 47.4% by mass or less, more preferably 39.0% by mass or more and less than 45.0% by mass, particularly preferably 39.5% by mass or more and 44.9% by mass or less range, particularly preferably from 40.0% by mass to 44.8% by mass, and most preferably from 40.5% by mass to 44.4% by mass.
- the devitrification temperature of the molten glass becomes high, making it difficult to form long fibers.
- the biosolubility of the glass fibers obtained from the glass composition for glass fibers may be reduced.
- the B 2 O 3 content exceeds 32.0% by mass with respect to the total amount, phase separation occurs in the molten glass, making it difficult to form long fibers.
- the content of B 2 O 3 with respect to the total amount is preferably in the range of 20.5% by mass or more and 29.4% by mass or less, and more preferably 21.0% by mass. % by mass or more and 28.0% by mass or less, more preferably 21.5% by mass or more and 27.0% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 21.8% by mass or more and 25.9% by mass or less More preferably, it is in the range of 22.0% by mass or more and 24.9% by mass or less, and most preferably in the range of 23.0% by mass or more and 24.4% by mass or less.
- the glass composition for glass fibers of the present embodiment when Al 2 O 3 is less than 12.0% by mass with respect to the total amount, the strength of the glass fibers obtained from the glass composition for glass fibers, and The elastic modulus decreases, and when used in a composite material with a resin, the effect of reinforcing the resin becomes insufficient.
- Al 2 O 3 is more than 24.0% by mass with respect to the total amount, the devitrification temperature of the molten glass may become high, making it difficult to form long fibers.
- the content of Al 2 O 3 with respect to the total amount is preferably in the range of 14.0% by mass or more and 23.0% by mass or less, and more preferably 15.0% by mass. % by mass or more and 22.0% by mass or less, more preferably 16.0% by mass or more and 21.0% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 17.0% by mass or more and 20.5% by mass or less
- the range is as follows, particularly preferably 17.5% by mass or more and 20.3% by mass or less, and most preferably 18.1% by mass or more and 19.9% by mass or less.
- the dielectric loss tangent of the glass fiber obtained from the glass composition for glass fiber is reduced. It becomes impossible to achieve both of making it possible to form long fibers.
- the P 2 O 5 content is more than 8.9% by mass with respect to the total amount, the working temperature range may be narrowed due to an increase in the liquidus temperature, making it difficult to form long fibers.
- the content of P 2 O 5 with respect to the total amount is preferably in the range of 2.7% by mass or more and 8.5% by mass or less, more preferably 2.9% by mass. % by mass or more and 8.3% by mass or less, more preferably 3.1% by mass or more and 8.1% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 4.0% by mass or more and 7.9% by mass or less
- the range is as follows, particularly preferably from 5.0% by mass to 7.7% by mass, and most preferably from 5.5% by mass to 7.5% by mass.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present invention when the total amount of CaO and MgO is less than 5.0% by mass with respect to the total amount, the biosolubility of the glass fiber obtained from the glass composition for glass fiber is reduced. may decline. On the other hand, when the total amount of CaO and MgO exceeds 13.0% by mass, the devitrification temperature of the molten glass increases, which may make it difficult to form long fibers.
- the total content of CaO and MgO with respect to the total amount is preferably in the range of 5.5% by mass or more and 11.0% by mass or less, and more preferably 5.7. % by mass or more and 10.0% by mass or less, more preferably 5.8% by mass or more and 9.0% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 6.0% by mass or more and 8.5% by mass or less
- the range is as follows, particularly preferably 6.5% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less, and most preferably 6.7% by mass or more and 7.5% by mass or less.
- the content of CaO with respect to the total amount is, for example, in the range of 2.0% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less, preferably in the range of 2.5% by mass or more and 7.5% by mass or less, It is more preferably in the range of 3.0% by mass or more and 7.0% by mass or less, still more preferably in the range of 3.5% by mass or more and 6.5% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 4.0% by mass. % or more and 6.0 mass % or less, particularly preferably 4.2 mass % or more and 5.8 mass % or less, most preferably 4.5 mass % or more and 5.5 mass %.
- the range is as follows.
- the content of MgO with respect to the total amount is, for example, in the range of 5.0% by mass or less, preferably in the range of 0.5% by mass or more and 4.0% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.8% by mass. % by mass or more and 3.5% by mass or less, more preferably 1.0% by mass or more and 3.0% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 1.1% by mass or more and 2.9% by mass or less.
- the range is as follows, particularly preferably 1.3% by mass or more and 2.7% by mass or less, and most preferably 1.5% by mass or more and 2.5% by mass or less.
- the SiO 2 content S, the P 2 O 5 content P, the CaO content C and the MgO content M are expressed by the following formula (1-1) is satisfied. 0.38 ⁇ (C+M)/(S/P) ⁇ 1.52 (1-1)
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment has the above composition, and the S, P, C and M satisfy the above formula (1-1), so that when the glass fiber is more reliably formed, It has biosolubility, can be formed into long fibers, and can have a low dielectric loss tangent.
- the dielectric loss tangent of the glass fiber obtained from the material tends to be high.
- the biosolubility of fibers tends to be low.
- the formula (1-1) expresses the range in which these tendencies are opposed, and the glass fiber is biosoluble, can be made into a long fiber, and has a low dielectric loss tangent. Presumed.
- S, P, C and M more preferably satisfy the following formula (1-2), and more preferably satisfy the following formula (1-3). . 0.55 ⁇ (C+M)/(S/P) ⁇ 1.50 (1-2) 0.87 ⁇ (C+M)/(S/P) ⁇ 1.36 (1-3)
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment preferably comprises the SiO 2 content S, the B 2 O 3 content B, the Al 2 O 3 content A, the
- the P 2 O 5 content P, the CaO content C, and the MgO content M satisfy, for example, the following formula (2-0), biosolubility is provided and long fiber formation is possible. Yes, and a low dielectric loss tangent can be provided more reliably. 0.77 ⁇ (S/P) ⁇ (C+M)/(A+B) ⁇ 2.43 (2-0)
- the S, B, A, P, C and M in the composition more preferably satisfy the following formula (2-1), more preferably satisfies the formula (2-2), preferably satisfies the following formula (2-3), particularly preferably satisfies the following formula (2-4), particularly preferably satisfies the following formula (2-5), Formula (2-6) is particularly preferably satisfied, and formula (2-7) is most preferably satisfied.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment has excellent biosolubility when made into glass fiber, is easy to form into long fibers, and has a low It can have a dielectric loss tangent, can have excellent water resistance, and can suppress the occurrence of phase separation.
- having better biosolubility means that the total elution rate of Si, B, Al and Ca is 120 ⁇ g/h or more.
- the glass composition for glass fibers of the present embodiment has superior biosolubility when made into glass fibers, is easy to form into long fibers, and has a low It can have a dielectric loss tangent and a low dielectric constant, can have excellent water resistance, and can suppress the occurrence of phase separation.
- having a low dielectric constant means having a dielectric constant of 4.50 or less at a measurement frequency of 10 GHz.
- the S, B, A, C and M preferably satisfy the following formula (3), more preferably satisfy the following formula (4): More preferably, the following formula (5) is satisfied, and particularly preferably the following formula (6) is satisfied.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment may contain TiO 2 , and when TiO 2 is contained, the content of TiO 2 with respect to the total amount is, for example, in the range of 3.0% by mass or less. , preferably in the range of 1.0% by mass or less, more preferably in the range of 0.4% by mass or less, still more preferably in the range of 0.2% by mass or less, particularly preferably 0 0.1 mass % or less, most preferably 0.001 mass % or less.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment may contain Fe 2 O 3 from the viewpoint of improving the defoaming property of the molten glass and improving the stability of long fiber formation.
- Fe 2 O 3 the content of Fe 2 O 3 with respect to the total amount is, for example, in the range of 3.0% by mass or less, preferably 1.0% by mass or less, and more preferably The range is 0.4% by mass or less, more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less, and most preferably 0.001% by mass.
- the range is as follows.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment may contain ZrO 2 from the viewpoint of reducing the melt viscosity of the molten glass and facilitating formation of long fibers.
- ZrO 2 the content of ZrO 2 with respect to the total amount is, for example, in the range of 3.0% by mass or less, preferably in the range of 1.0% by mass or less, more preferably 0.4% by mass % or less, more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less, and most preferably 0.001% by mass or less. be.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment may contain F 2 and Cl 2 from the viewpoint of enhancing the defoaming property of the molten glass and enhancing the stability of long fiber formation.
- F 2 and Cl 2 the total content of F 2 and Cl 2 with respect to the total amount is, for example, in the range of 3.0% by mass or less, preferably 1.0% by mass or less. , more preferably in the range of 0.4% by mass or less, still more preferably in the range of 0.2% by mass or less, particularly preferably in the range of 0.1% by mass or less, and most preferably, The range is 0.001% by mass or less.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment may contain SnO 2 from the viewpoint of suppressing the rise in the devitrification temperature of the molten glass and facilitating formation of long fibers.
- SnO 2 the content of SnO 2 with respect to the total amount is, for example, in the range of 3.0% by mass or less, preferably in the range of 1.0% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.4% by mass % or less, more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less, and most preferably 0.001% by mass or less. be.
- the glass composition for glass fibers of the present embodiment may contain ZnO from the viewpoint of suppressing an increase in the devitrification temperature of the molten glass and facilitating formation of long fibers.
- ZnO the content of ZnO relative to the total amount is, for example, in the range of 3.0% by mass or less, preferably 1.0% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.4% by mass or less. more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less, and most preferably 0.001% by mass or less.
- the total content of SiO 2 , B 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO and P 2 O 5 is, for example, 91.0% by mass or more. is preferably 95.0% by mass or more, more preferably 98.0% by mass or more, still more preferably 99.0% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 99.3% by mass is particularly preferably 99.5% by mass or more, particularly preferably 99.7% by mass or more, and most preferably 99.9% by mass or more.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment contains Li, K, Na, Ba, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Cr, Mo, W, Ce, Y, La, and Bi as impurities originating from the raw materials.
- Gd, Pr, Sc, or Yb oxides may be contained in a total amount of less than 3.0% by mass, preferably less than 2.0% by mass, based on the total amount of the glass composition for glass fiber. and more preferably less than 1.0% by mass.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment contains Li 2 O, K 2 O, Na 2 O, BaO, CeO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , Gd 2 as impurities.
- the content thereof is preferably in the range of less than 0.40% by mass, and less than 0.20% by mass. It is more preferably in the range, more preferably in the range of less than 0.10% by mass, particularly preferably in the range of less than 0.05% by mass, and preferably in the range of less than 0.01% by mass. Most preferred.
- the content of each component described above can be measured using an ICP emission spectrometer for Li, which is a light element. Also, the content of other elements can be measured using a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer.
- the glass batch is placed in a platinum crucible, held at a temperature of 1550° C. for 4 hours in an electric furnace, and melted with stirring to obtain homogeneous molten glass.
- glass fibers are placed in a platinum crucible, held at a temperature of 1600° C. for 4 hours in an electric furnace, and melted with stirring to obtain homogeneous molten glass.
- the glass batch is prepared by mixing glass raw materials.
- the glass fiber has an organic matter attached to the surface of the glass fiber, or when the glass fiber is mainly contained as a reinforcing material in the organic matter (resin), the glass fiber has a temperature of 300 to 650 ° C., for example. It is used after removing organic matter by heating in a muffle furnace at a temperature within the range for a period of about 0.5 to 24 hours.
- the glass cullet is pulverized into powder to obtain glass powder.
- the glass powder is thermally decomposed with an acid, and then quantitatively analyzed using an ICP emission spectrometer.
- Other elements are quantitatively analyzed using a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer after molding the glass powder into a disc shape with a press.
- quantitative analysis using a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer can be performed by preparing a calibration curve sample based on the results measured by the fundamental parameter method and analyzing by the calibration curve method.
- the content of each component in the calibration curve sample can be quantitatively analyzed by an ICP emission spectrometer.
- the glass fiber of the present embodiment includes glass filaments made of the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment.
- the glass fiber of this embodiment is produced as follows. First, based on the components contained in the ore that serves as a glass raw material, the content of each component, and the amount of volatilization of each component during the melting process, the glass is adjusted so as to have the composition of the glass fiber glass composition of the present embodiment. Mix raw materials. Next, the prepared frit (glass batch) is supplied to a melting furnace and melted at a temperature in the range of 1450 to 1600° C., for example. Next, the molten glass batch (molten glass) is pulled out from the nozzle tips of the bushing controlled to a predetermined temperature and quenched to form glass filaments.
- the glass composition for glass fibers of the present embodiment can be made into long fibers by having a working temperature range ⁇ T of 30° C. or higher when melted at a temperature in the above range for the production of the glass fibers.
- ⁇ T is 100° C. or more, it becomes easy to form a long fiber.
- the single glass fiber (glass filament) discharged from one nozzle tip or hole and cooled and solidified usually has a perfect circular cross-sectional shape and a diameter (filament diameter ).
- a non-circular shape for example, elliptical or oval
- a glass filament having a cross-sectional shape can be obtained.
- the fiber diameter (converted fiber diameter) when the cross-sectional area is converted into a perfect circle is preferably in the range of less than 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the filament diameter is, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m, preferably 1.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 2.0 ⁇ m.
- a sizing agent or a binder is applied to the formed glass filaments using an applicator that is an applicator, and a sizing shoe is used to bundle 1 to 20,000 glass filaments while the winding machine is operated.
- a glass fiber can be obtained by using and winding on a tube at high speed.
- the glass fiber of the present embodiment improves the bundling property of the glass filament, improves the adhesion between the glass fiber and the resin, improves the uniform dispersion of the glass fiber in the mixture of the glass fiber and the resin or the inorganic material, and the like.
- the surface may be coated with an organic material.
- organic substances include starch, urethane resin, epoxy resin, vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, modified polypropylene (especially carboxylic acid-modified polypropylene), (poly)carboxylic acid (especially maleic acid) and unsaturated monomers.
- a copolymer etc. can be mentioned.
- the glass fiber of the present embodiment may be coated with a resin composition containing a silane coupling agent, a lubricant, a surfactant, and the like.
- the glass fiber of the present embodiment may be coated with a treatment composition that does not contain the above resin, but contains a silane coupling agent, a surfactant, and the like.
- a resin composition or treatment composition is used in an amount of 0.03 to 2.0% by mass based on the mass of the glass fiber of the present embodiment that is not coated with the resin composition or treatment composition. proportion to cover the fiberglass.
- the coating of the glass fiber with an organic substance can be performed, for example, by applying a resin solution or a resin composition solution to the glass fiber using a known method such as a roller applicator in the glass fiber manufacturing process, and then applying the resin solution or the resin composition solution to the glass fiber. It can be carried out by drying the glass fiber to which the composition solution has been applied. Further, the coating of the glass fiber with the organic substance is carried out by immersing the glass fiber of the present embodiment, which is in the form of a fabric, in a treatment composition solution, and then drying the glass fiber to which the treatment composition has been applied. can also
- silane coupling agents include aminosilane, ureidosilane, chlorosilane, epoxysilane, mercaptosilane, vinylsilane, (meth)acrylsilane, phenylsilane, styrylsilane, isocyanatesilane, and the like.
- aminosilane examples include ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- ⁇ -(aminoethyl)- ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- ⁇ -(aminoethyl)-N′- ⁇ -(aminoethyl)- ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -anilinopropyltrimethoxysilane and the like.
- ureidosilane examples include ⁇ -ureidopropyltriethoxysilane, etc.) and chlorosilanes ( ⁇ -chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, etc.).
- epoxysilane examples include ⁇ -(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane and ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
- Examples of the mercaptosilane include ⁇ -mercaptotrimethoxysilane and ⁇ -mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane.
- vinylsilane examples include vinyltrimethoxysilane, N- ⁇ -(N-vinylbenzylaminoethyl)- ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-benzyl- ⁇ -aminoethyl- ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and the like. be able to.
- Examples of the (meth)acrylsilane include ⁇ -acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
- phenylsilane examples include phenyltrimethoxysilane and the like.
- styrylsilane examples include p-styryltrimethoxysilane.
- isocyanate silane examples include ⁇ -isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane.
- the silane coupling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- lubricants include modified silicone oils, animal oils and their hydrogenated products, vegetable oils and their hydrogenated products, animal waxes, vegetable waxes, mineral waxes, condensates of higher saturated fatty acids and higher saturated alcohols, polyethyleneimine, Examples include polyalkylpolyamine alkylamide derivatives, fatty acid amides, quaternary ammonium salts, and the like.
- Examples of the animal oil include beef tallow.
- Examples of the vegetable oils include soybean oil, coconut oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, and castor oil.
- animal waxes examples include beeswax and lanolin.
- Examples of the vegetable wax include candelilla wax and carnauba wax.
- mineral wax examples include paraffin wax and montan wax.
- Examples of the condensates of higher saturated fatty acids and higher saturated alcohols include stearic acid esters such as lauryl stearate.
- fatty acid amide examples include dehydration condensates of polyethylene polyamines such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine and tetraethylenepentamine and fatty acids such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid.
- quaternary ammonium salts examples include alkyltrimethylammonium salts such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride.
- the lubricants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- surfactants include nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants.
- nonionic surfactant examples include ethylene oxide propylene oxide alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene-block copolymer, alkylpolyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene-block copolymer ether, polyoxyethylene fatty acid.
- Ester polyoxyethylene fatty acid monoester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid diester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycerol fatty acid ester ethylene oxide adduct, polyoxyethylene castor oil ether, hydrogenated castor oil ethylene oxide adduct, alkylamine ethylene oxide adduct fatty acid amide ethylene oxide adduct, glycerol fatty acid ester, polyglycerol fatty acid ester, pentaerythritol fatty acid ester, sorbitol fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, polyhydric alcohol alkyl ether, fatty acid alkanolamide, acetylene glycol, acetylene Examples include alcohols, ethylene oxide adducts of acetylene glycol, and ethylene oxide adducts of acetylene alcohol.
- cationic surfactant examples include alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, alkyltrimethylammonium chloride, alkyldimethylethylammonium ethylsulfate, higher alkylamine acetates, higher alkylamine hydrochlorides, ethylene oxide adducts of higher alkylamines, higher Condensates of fatty acids and polyalkylenepolyamines, salts of esters of higher fatty acids and alkanolamines, salts of higher fatty acid amides, imidazoline-type cationic surfactants, and alkylpyridinium salts can be mentioned.
- anionic surfactant examples include higher alcohol sulfates, higher alkyl ether sulfates, ⁇ -olefin sulfates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, ⁇ -olefinsulfonates, fatty acid halides and N-methyltaurine. Reaction products, sulfosuccinic acid dialkyl ester salts, higher alcohol phosphate ester salts, and phosphate ester salts of higher alcohol ethylene oxide adducts can be mentioned.
- amphoteric surfactant examples include amino acid-type amphoteric surfactants, betaine-type amphoteric surfactants such as alkyldimethylbetaine, and imidazoline-type amphoteric surfactants.
- amino acid-type amphoteric surfactant examples include alkali metal salts of alkylaminopropionates.
- the surfactants may be used alone, or two or more of them may be used in combination.
- the dielectric loss tangent of the glass fiber of the present embodiment at a measurement frequency of 10 GHz is in the range of less than 0.0030, preferably in the range of 0.0011 to 0.0029, more preferably 0.0015 to 0.0028. more preferably in the range of 0.0019 to 0.0027, particularly preferably in the range of 0.0020 to 0.0027, most preferably in the range of 0.0021 to 0.0026 It is in.
- the dielectric constant of the glass fiber of the present embodiment at a measurement frequency of 10 GHz is in the range of less than 5.20, preferably in the range of 4.00 to 5.00, more preferably 4.10 to 4.0 .90, more preferably 4.15 to 4.80, particularly preferably 4.20 to 4.70, particularly preferably 4.25 to 4.65 , particularly preferably in the range from 4.31 to 4.60, most preferably in the range from 4.32 to 4.44.
- the dielectric constant of the glass fiber of the present embodiment can be measured according to JIS C 2565:1992 using the same test piece and measuring device as the dielectric loss tangent measuring method described later.
- the total elution rate of Si, B, Al and Ca in the glass fiber of the present embodiment is in the range of 110 ⁇ g/h or more, preferably in the range of 110 to 500 ⁇ g/h, more preferably 120 It is in the range of up to 400 ⁇ g/h, more preferably in the range of 130-300 ⁇ g/h.
- the glass fiber fabric of this embodiment is made of the glass fiber of this embodiment.
- the glass fabric of the present embodiment can be obtained by weaving the glass fibers of the present embodiment as warp and weft using a loom known per se.
- the loom include jet looms such as air jet or water jet looms, shuttle looms, and rapier looms.
- the weaving method using the loom include plain weave, satin weave, Nanako weave, and twill weave, and plain weave is preferable from the viewpoint of production efficiency.
- the glass fiber of the present embodiment which is contained in the glass fiber fabric of the present embodiment, consists of glass filaments having a filament diameter in the range of 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 9.0 ⁇ m or less, and is 0.35 to 70.0 tex (g/ 1000 m), is made of glass filaments with a filament diameter in the range of 2.0 ⁇ m or more and less than 3.0 ⁇ m, and more preferably has a mass in the range of 0.35 to 1.5 tex.
- the filament diameter of the glass fiber of the present embodiment which is contained in the glass fiber fabric of the present embodiment, is measured by scanning electron microscope (manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, trade name) for at least 50 cross-sectional points of the glass fiber. : S-3400N, magnification: 3000 times), and the average value of the measured values when the diameter of the glass filaments constituting the glass fiber is measured.
- the glass fiber fabric of the present embodiment is preferably composed of warp yarns with a weaving density in the range of 40 to 150/25 mm and weft yarns with a weaving density in the range of 40 to 150/25 mm.
- the glass fiber fabric of the present embodiment may be subjected to deoiling treatment, surface treatment, and fiber opening treatment.
- the glass fiber fabric is placed in a heating furnace with an atmospheric temperature in the range of 350° C. to 400° C. for a period of 40 to 80 hours, and the organic matter attached to the glass fiber is thermally decomposed. can be mentioned.
- the glass fiber fabric is immersed in a solution containing the silane coupling agent or the silane coupling agent and the surfactant, excess water is squeezed out, and then the temperature is in the range of 80 to 180 ° C. at a temperature of 1 to 30 minutes for a period of time ranging from 1 to 30 minutes.
- the fiber opening process for example, while applying a tension in the range of 20 to 200 N to the warp of the glass fiber fabric, the fiber is opened by the water flow pressure, the fiber is opened by the high frequency vibration using the liquid as the medium, and the pressure of the fluid having the surface pressure.
- Examples include processing for expanding the yarn width of the warp and weft by performing fiber opening by spreading, spreading by pressure using a roll, and the like.
- the glass fiber fabric of the present embodiment preferably has a mass in the range of 2.5 to 220 g/m 2 and more preferably has a thickness in the range of 4.0 to 200.0 ⁇ m.
- the glass fiber fabric of the present embodiment may include a surface treatment layer containing the silane coupling agent, or the silane coupling agent and the surfactant.
- the surface treatment layer is, for example, in the range of 0.03 to 1.50% by mass with respect to the total amount of the glass fiber fabric including the surface treatment layer. It can have mass.
- the glass fiber reinforced resin composition of this embodiment contains the glass fiber of this embodiment described above.
- the glass fiber reinforced resin composition of the present embodiment is a glass fiber reinforced resin composition containing a resin (thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin), glass fibers, and other additives, in which the glass fiber reinforced resin The glass fiber is contained in the range of 10 to 90% by mass based on the total amount of the composition.
- the glass fiber reinforced resin composition of the present embodiment contains a resin in the range of 90 to 10% by mass with respect to the total amount of the glass fiber reinforced resin composition, and other additives in the range of 0 to 40% by mass. include.
- thermoplastic resin polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, styrene/maleic anhydride resin, styrene/maleimide resin, polyacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile/styrene (AS) resin, acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene (ABS) resin, chlorine Polyethylene/acrylonitrile/styrene (ACS) resin, acrylonitrile/ethylene/styrene (AES) resin, acrylonitrile/styrene/methyl acrylate (ASA) resin, styrene/acrylonitrile (SAN) resin, methacrylic resin, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) , polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyamide, polyacetal, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), polycarbonate, polyarylene sulfide
- polyethylene examples include high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
- HDPE high-density polyethylene
- LDPE low-density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low-density polyethylene
- ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene examples include high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
- polypropylene examples include isotactic polypropylene, atactic polypropylene, syndiotactic polypropylene, and mixtures thereof.
- polystyrene examples include general-purpose polystyrene (GPPS), which is atactic polystyrene having an atactic structure, high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) obtained by adding a rubber component to GPPS, syndiotactic polystyrene having a syndiotactic structure, and the like. can.
- GPPS general-purpose polystyrene
- HIPS high-impact polystyrene
- syndiotactic polystyrene having a syndiotactic structure and the like.
- methacrylic resin a polymer obtained by homopolymerizing one of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, styrene, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, and fatty acid vinyl ester, or two Examples include polymers obtained by copolymerizing more than one species.
- polyvinyl chloride a vinyl chloride homopolymer polymerized by a conventionally known emulsion polymerization method, suspension polymerization method, microsuspension polymerization method, bulk polymerization method, or the like, or copolymerizable with a vinyl chloride monomer. or a graft copolymer obtained by graft-polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer to a polymer.
- polyamide examples include polycaproamide (nylon 6), polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66), polytetramethylene adipamide (nylon 46), polytetramethylene sebacamide (nylon 410), polypentamethylene adipamide Pamide (nylon 56), polypentamethylene sebacamide (nylon 510), polyhexamethylene sebacamide (nylon 610), polyhexamethylene dodecamide (nylon 612), polydecamethylene adipamide (nylon 106), Polydecamethylene sebacamide (nylon 1010), polydecamethylene dodecamide (nylon 1012), polyundecaneamide (nylon 11), polyundecanamide (nylon 116), polydodecanamide (nylon 12), poly xylene adipamide (nylon XD6), polyxylene sebacamide (nylon XD10), polymetaxylylene adipamide (nylon MXD6), polyparaxylylene adipamide (nylon
- polyacetal examples include homopolymers having oxymethylene units as main repeating units, and copolymers containing oxyalkylene units mainly consisting of oxymethylene units and having 2 to 8 adjacent carbon atoms in the main chain. A coalescence etc. can be mentioned.
- polyethylene terephthalate examples include polymers obtained by polycondensation of terephthalic acid or derivatives thereof and ethylene glycol.
- polystyrene resin examples include polymers obtained by polycondensation of terephthalic acid or derivatives thereof and 1,4-butanediol.
- polytrimethylene terephthalate examples include polymers obtained by polycondensation of terephthalic acid or its derivatives and 1,3-propanediol.
- polycarbonate a polymer obtained by a transesterification method in which a dihydroxydiaryl compound and a carbonate ester such as diphenyl carbonate are reacted in a molten state, or a polymer obtained by a phosgene method in which a dihydroxyaryl compound and phosgene are reacted. can be mentioned.
- polyarylene sulfide examples include linear polyphenylene sulfide, crosslinked polyphenylene sulfide whose molecular weight is increased by performing a curing reaction after polymerization, polyphenylene sulfide sulfone, polyphenylene sulfide ether, and polyphenylene sulfide ketone.
- polyphenylene ether examples include poly(2,3-dimethyl-6-ethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2-methyl-6-chloromethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2-methyl -6-hydroxyethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2-methyl-6-n-butyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2-ethyl-6-isopropyl-1,4-phenylene ether) ), poly(2-ethyl-6-n-propyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly[2-(4′-methylphenyl )-1,4-phenylene ether], poly(2-bromo-6-phenyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2-methyl-6-phenyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2-chloro-1,4-
- modified polyphenylene ether examples include a polymer alloy of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether and polystyrene, a copolymer of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether and styrene/butadiene.
- polymer alloy with coalescence polymer alloy of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether and styrene/maleic anhydride copolymer, poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether and a polyamide, a polymer alloy of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether and a styrene/butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer, an amino group and an epoxy group at the polymer chain end of the polyphenylene ether, Those in which a functional group such as a carboxy group or a styryl group is introduced, or those in which a functional group such as an amino group, an epoxy group, a carboxy group, a styryl group or a methacrylic group is introduced into the polymer chain side chain of the polyphenylene ether may be mentioned. can.
- polyaryletherketone examples include polyetherketone (PEK), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), polyetheretherketoneketone (PEEKK), and the like.
- liquid crystal polymer one or more selected from aromatic hydroxycarbonyl units, aromatic dihydroxy units, aromatic dicarbonyl units, aliphatic dihydroxy units, aliphatic dicarbonyl units, etc., which are thermotropic liquid crystal polyesters.
- aromatic hydroxycarbonyl units aromatic dihydroxy units
- aromatic dicarbonyl units aromatic dicarbonyl units
- aliphatic dihydroxy units aliphatic dicarbonyl units
- thermotropic liquid crystal polyesters thermotropic liquid crystal polyesters.
- a (co)polymer etc. which consist of a structural unit can be mentioned.
- fluororesin examples include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxy resin (PFA), fluoroethylene propylene resin (FEP), fluoroethylene tetrafluoroethylene resin (ETFE), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyfluoride.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PFA perfluoroalkoxy resin
- FEP fluoroethylene propylene resin
- ETFE fluoroethylene tetrafluoroethylene resin
- PVF vinylidene chloride
- PCTFE polychlorotrifluoroethylene
- ECTFE ethylene/chlorotrifluoroethylene resin
- ionomer (IO) resin examples include a copolymer of olefin or styrene and unsaturated carboxylic acid, in which some of the carboxyl groups are neutralized with metal ions.
- olefin/vinyl alcohol resin examples include ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers, propylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers, saponified ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers, saponified propylene/vinyl acetate copolymers, and the like. .
- cyclic olefin resin examples include monocyclic compounds such as cyclohexene, polycyclic compounds such as tetracyclopentadiene, and polymers of cyclic olefin monomers.
- polylactic acid examples include poly L-lactic acid that is a homopolymer of L-isomer, poly D-lactic acid that is a homopolymer of D-isomer, and stereocomplex polylactic acid that is a mixture thereof.
- cellulose resin examples include methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxycellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, and cellulose butyrate.
- thermosetting resins include unsaturated polyester resins, vinyl ester resins, epoxy (EP) resins, melamine (MF) resins, phenolic resins (PF), urethane resins (PU), polyisocyanates, polyisocyanurates, Modified polyimide (PI) resin, urea (UF) resin, silicone (SI) resin, furan (FR) resin, benzoguanamine (BR) resin, alkyd resin, xylene resin, bismaleide triazine (BT) resin, diallyl phthalate resin (PDAP) ) etc.
- PI polyimide
- U urea
- SI silicone
- FR furan
- BR benzoguanamine
- alkyd resin xylene resin
- BT bismaleide triazine
- PDAP diallyl phthalate resin
- examples of the unsaturated polyester resin include resins obtained by esterifying an aliphatic unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and an aliphatic diol.
- vinyl ester resin examples include bis-based vinyl ester resins and novolak-based vinyl ester resins.
- epoxy resin examples include bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol E type epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, bisphenol M type epoxy resin (4,4′-(1,3-phenylenediisopre Diene) bisphenol type epoxy resin), bisphenol P type epoxy resin (4,4'-(1,4-phenylenediisoprediene) bisphenol type epoxy resin), bisphenol Z type epoxy resin (4,4'-cyclohexidiene bisphenol type epoxy resin), phenol novolak type epoxy resin, cresol novolak type epoxy resin, tetraphenol group ethane type novolak type epoxy resin, novolak type epoxy resin having a condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbon structure, biphenyl type epoxy resin, xylylene type epoxy Aralkyl type epoxy resins such as resins and phenyl aralkyl type epoxy resins, naphthylene ether type epoxy resins, naphthol type epoxy resins, naphthalene diol type epoxy resins,
- melamine resin examples include polymers formed by polycondensation of melamine (2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine) and formaldehyde.
- phenol resin examples include phenol novolak resin, cresol novolak resin, novolac type phenol resin such as bisphenol A type novolak resin, resol type phenol resin such as methylol type resole resin, dimethylene ether type resol resin, or aryl alkylene type phenol. Resins and the like can be mentioned, and one kind of these or a combination of two or more kinds can be mentioned.
- urea resin examples include resins obtained by condensation of urea and formaldehyde.
- thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin may be used alone, or may be used in combination of two or more.
- additives examples include reinforcing fibers other than glass fibers, fillers other than glass fibers, flame retardants, ultraviolet absorbers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, antistatic agents, fluidity improvers, antiblocking agents, Lubricants, nucleating agents, antibacterial agents, pigments and the like can be mentioned.
- reinforcing fibers other than glass fibers include carbon fibers and metal fibers.
- fillers other than glass fibers include glass powder, talc, and mica.
- the glass fiber reinforced resin composition of the present embodiment may be a prepreg obtained by impregnating the glass fiber fabric of the present embodiment with the resin by a method known per se and semi-curing it.
- the glass fiber reinforced resin composition of the present embodiment can be produced by injection molding, injection compression molding, two-color molding, blow molding, foam molding (including supercritical fluid method), insert molding, and in-mold coating molding.
- method autoclave molding method, extrusion molding method, sheet molding method, thermoforming method, rotational molding method, laminate molding method, press molding method, blow molding method, stamping molding method, infusion method, hand lay-up method, spray-up method , low-pressure RIM molding method, resin transfer molding method, sheet molding compound method, bulk molding compound method, pultrusion method, filament winding method, and other known molding methods to obtain various glass fiber reinforced resin molded products.
- a glass fiber reinforced resin molded product can also be obtained by curing the prepreg.
- Examples of uses for such molded products include printed wiring boards, electronic components (connectors, etc.), electronic device housings (antennas, radars, etc.), fuel cell separators, and the like.
- Example 1 to 6 Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and Reference Example
- the biosolubility, dielectric loss tangent, working temperature range, water resistance and phase separation were evaluated by the following methods.
- the results of Examples 1 to 6 are shown in Table 1, and the results of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and Reference Example are shown in Table 2, respectively.
- the dielectric loss tangent of the glass fiber obtained from the glass composition for glass fiber of Example 1 is 0.0026 at a measurement frequency of 10 GHz, and the dielectric constant at a measurement frequency of 10 GHz is 4.42.
- the total elution rate with Ca was 141 ⁇ g/h.
- the dielectric loss tangent of the glass fiber obtained from the glass composition for glass fiber of Example 2 at a measurement frequency of 10 GHz was 0.0027
- the dielectric constant at a measurement frequency of 10 GHz was 4.51
- Si, B and Al The total elution rate with Ca was 185 ⁇ g/h.
- the dielectric loss tangent of the glass fiber obtained from the glass composition for glass fiber of Example 3 was 0.0023 at a measurement frequency of 10 GHz, and the dielectric constant at a measurement frequency of 10 GHz was 4.43.
- the total elution rate with Ca was 115 ⁇ g/h.
- the obtained glass cullet is put into a platinum container having one nozzle tip at the bottom, and the platinum container is heated to a temperature in the range of 1150 to 1350° C. to melt the glass cullet. got a glass Then, the molten glass was withdrawn from the nozzle tip and wound on a winder.
- the heating temperature of the platinum container and the winding speed of the winding device are adjusted, and the heating temperature suitable for the glass composition of each example, each comparative example and reference example in the range of 1150 to 1350 ° C., and , 800 to 1200 rpm, the glass fiber was wound on a winding device at a winding speed suitable for the glass composition of each example, each comparative example and reference example, and a glass fiber with a filament diameter of 13.0 ⁇ m Got a sample.
- No. Reagents 1-12 are as follows. No. 1: sodium chloride, no. 2: sodium bicarbonate, no. 3: calcium chloride, no. 4: disodium hydrogen phosphate, no. 5: sodium sulfate, no. 6: magnesium chloride hexahydrate, no. 7: glycine, no. 8: trisodium citrate dihydrate, no. 9: sodium tartrate dihydrate, no. 10: sodium pyruvate, no. 11: 90% lactic acid, no. 12: Formaldehyde.
- 1 L of the oxygenator fluid contained 7.12 g/L of sodium chloride, 1.95 g/L of sodium hydrogen carbonate, 0.022 g/L of calcium chloride, 0.143 g/L of disodium hydrogen phosphate, and 0.143 g/L of sodium sulfate.
- 0.212 g/L Magnesium Chloride Hexahydrate 0.118 g/L Glycine 0.118 g/L Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate 0.152 g/L Sodium Tartrate Dihydrate 0.18 g/L Pyruvate 0.172 g/L of sodium phosphate, 0.156 g/L of 90% lactic acid, 3 mL of formaldehyde, and 4-5 mL of hydrochloric acid (1:1).
- the prepared artificial lung fluid was allowed to stand for 24 hours.
- the pH of the artificial lung fluid after standing still increased with the release of carbon dioxide, the pH of the artificial lung fluid was readjusted to 4.5 using hydrochloric acid.
- the above-mentioned glass fiber sample is placed in a length that fits inside the in-line filter holder. It was cut to a length of 1 to 3 mm and used as a glass fiber sample for an elution test.
- the elution test glass fiber sample is placed on a membrane filter installed in an in-line filter holder, and the artificial lung fluid heated to 37 ° C. is pumped so that the flow rate is in the range of 140 to 170 mL / day.
- the elution test was carried out by feeding the liquid into the in-line filter holder, and collecting the filtrate that passed through the test glass fiber sample and the filter holder in the container. At this time, the ratio of the oxygenator fluid flow rate (unit: ⁇ m 3 /s) to the sample surface area (unit: ⁇ m 2 ) (oxygenator fluid flow rate/sample surface area) is 0.030 ⁇ 0.005 ⁇ m/s. Thus, the mass of the sample placed on the membrane filter was adjusted. After 24 hours, the filtrate is collected from the container, and the ions to be analyzed are Si, Al, B, and Ca, and the eluted ion components in the filtrate are quantified using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The elution rate ( ⁇ g/h) of each component was calculated by dividing the ICP-AES quantification results ( ⁇ g) for , Al, B, and Ca by 24 hours.
- ICP-AES inductively coupled plasma atomic emission
- the biosolubility is “OK”, Si, B, Al, and Ca Biosolubility was rated as "NG” when the total elution rate of was in the range of less than 110 ⁇ g/h.
- the test piece was cut and polished to create a polished test piece of 80 mm x 3 mm (thickness 1 mm).
- the obtained polished test piece was dried completely and then stored in a room at 23° C. and humidity of 60% for 24 hours.
- the dielectric loss tangent (dissipation factor Df ) was measured.
- the dielectric loss tangent measured by the above method is in the range of less than 0.0030, the dielectric loss tangent is "OK", and when the dielectric loss tangent is in the range of 0.0030 or more, the dielectric loss tangent is "NG”. and evaluated.
- the above-mentioned glass cullet is pulverized, 40 g of glass particles with a particle size in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 mm are placed in a platinum boat of 180 ⁇ 20 ⁇ 15 mm, and a temperature gradient in the range of 900 to 1400 ° C. is provided.
- the glass was removed from the tubular electric furnace and observed with a polarizing microscope to identify the position where glass-derived crystals (devitrification) began to precipitate.
- the temperature in the tubular electric furnace was actually measured using a B thermocouple, and the temperature at the position where precipitation started was determined and taken as the liquidus temperature.
- the working temperature range ⁇ T 1000 poise temperature - liquidus temperature
- ⁇ T 1000 poise temperature - liquidus temperature
- Phase separation When observing the appearance of the glass bulk for dielectric loss tangent measurement, if it is transparent or almost transparent with some cloudiness, the phase separation is "A”, cloudiness is observed but light passes, or it is cloudy. Phase separation was rated as “B” if there was.
- the dielectric loss tangent is 0.0030 or more, and when it is made into glass fiber, it cannot have a low dielectric loss tangent, or
- the total elution rate of Si, B, Al, and Ca measured by the method described above is 110 ⁇ g/h or less when made into glass fibers, and is biosoluble? It is clear that one or more of the inconveniences have occurred.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of Reference Example is the glass composition described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-213162, and the content of P 2 O 5 with respect to the total amount is 0.0% by mass. Unlike the invention according to item 1, since the content of P 2 O 5 with respect to the total amount is 0.0% by mass, formulas (1-1), (2-1), (2-2), (2 -3) cannot be defined, which is different from the invention of claims 2-5 of the present application. From Table 2, it is clear that the glass fibers obtained from the glass compositions for glass fibers of Reference Examples are biosoluble and can be made into long fibers, but cannot have a sufficiently low dielectric loss tangent. be.
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Abstract
Description
W=kfv2×ε1/2×tanδ ・・・(A)
また、ガラス繊維が低い誘電正接を備えるとは、測定周波数10GHzにおける誘電正接が0.0030未満であることを意味する。
0.38≦(C+M)/(S/P)≦1.52 ・・・(1-1)
0.91≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦2.31 ・・・(2-1)
0.92≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦2.24 ・・・(2-2)
0.93≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦1.92 ・・・(2-3)
0.38≦(C+M)/(S/P)≦1.52 ・・・(1-1)
0.55≦(C+M)/(S/P)≦1.50 ・・・(1-2)
0.87≦(C+M)/(S/P)≦1.36 ・・・(1-3)
0.77 ≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦ 2.43 ・・・(2-0)
0.91≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦2.31 ・・・(2-1)
0.92≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦2.24 ・・・(2-2)
0.93≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦1.92 ・・・(2-3)
0.97≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦1.61 ・・・(2-4)
0.97≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦1.41 ・・・(2-5)
1.10≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦1.41 ・・・(2-6)
1.22≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦1.41 ・・・(2-7)
4.0≦S×(C+M)/(A+B)<11.3 ・・・(3)
5.9≦S×(C+M)/(A+B)≦9.9 ・・・(4)
6.6≦S×(C+M)/(A+B)<9.2 ・・・(5)
6.6≦S×(C+M)/(A+B)<8.3 ・・・(6)
以下に示す方法で、生体溶解性、誘電正接、作業温度範囲、耐水性及び分相の評価を実施した。実施例1~6の結果を表1に、比較例1~5及び参考例の結果を表2に、それぞれ示す。
まず、溶融固化後のガラス組成が、表1に示された実施例1~6及び、表2に示された比較例1~5及び参考例の各組成となるように、ガラス原料を混合し、ガラスバッチを得た。次に、得られたガラスバッチを白金ルツボに入れ、この白金ルツボを、1500~1600℃の範囲の温度の、各実施例、各比較例及び参考例のガラスバッチの溶融に適した温度条件で、電気炉中に4時間保持し、ガラスバッチに撹拌を加えながら溶融させることにより、均質な溶融ガラスを得た。次に、得られた溶融ガラスをカーボン板上に流し出し、冷却して塊状のガラスカレットを得た。
まず、溶融固化後のガラス組成が、表1に示された実施例1~6及び、表2に示された比較例1~5及び参考例の各組成となるように、ガラス原料を混合し、ガラスバッチを得た。次に、得られたガラスバッチを80mm径の白金ルツボに入れ、1500℃~1600℃の範囲の温度で7時間溶融したものを、ルツボから取り出し、ガラスバルクを得た。次いで、得られたガラスバルクを、580~700℃の範囲の温度で、8時間焼き鈍し、試験片を得た。
回転粘度計付高温電気炉(芝浦システム株式会社製)を用い、白金ルツボ中で前述のガラスカレットを溶融し、回転式ブルックフィールド型粘度計を用いて溶融温度を変化させながら連続的に溶融ガラスの粘度を測定し、回転粘度が1000ポイズのときに対応する温度を測定することにより1000ポイズ温度を求めた。
生体溶解性の評価の際と全く同一の方法で、フィラメント径が13.0μmのガラス繊維サンプルを1.0g作製した。次に、80℃の温度の水中に前記ガラス繊維サンプルを24時間浸漬させた際の前後における、該ガラス繊維サンプルの質量減少率を測定した。
前記誘電正接測定用のガラスバルクの外観を観察した際に、透明又は若干白濁はあるがほぼ透明である場合に、分相を「A」、白濁が見られるが光は通す、又は、白濁している場合に、分相を「B」と評価した。
Claims (9)
- ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物であって、
全量に対し、36.0質量%以上48.0質量%未満の範囲のSiO2と、18.0質量%以上32.0質量%以下の範囲のB2O3と、12.0質量%以上24.0質量%以下の範囲のAl2O3と、2.5質量%以上8.9質量%以下の範囲のP2O5と、合計で5.0質量%以上13.0質量%以下の範囲のCaO及びMgOとを含むことを特徴とする、ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物。 - 請求項1記載のガラス繊維用ガラス組成物において、前記SiO2の含有率S、前記P2O5の含有率P、前記CaOの含有率C及び前記MgOの含有率Mが、次式(1-1)を満たすことを特徴とする、ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物。
0.38≦(C+M)/(S/P)≦1.52 ・・・(1-1) - 請求項1記載のガラス繊維用ガラス組成物において、前記SiO2の含有率S、前記B2O3の含有率B、前記Al2O3の含有率A、前記P2O5の含有率P、前記CaOの含有率C及び前記MgOの含有率Mが、次式(2-1)を満たすことを特徴とする、ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物。
0.91≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦2.31 ・・・(2-1) - 請求項1記載のガラス繊維用ガラス組成物において、前記S、B、A、P、C及びMが、次式(2-2)を満たすことを特徴とする、ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物。
0.92≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦2.24 ・・・(2-2) - 請求項1記載のガラス繊維用ガラス組成物において、前記S、B、A、P、C及びMが、次式(2-3)を満たすことを特徴とする、ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物。
0.93≦(S/P)×(C+M)/(A+B)≦1.92 ・・・(2-3) - 請求項1記載のガラス繊維用ガラス組成物からなるガラスフィラメントを含むことを特徴とする、ガラス繊維。
- 請求項6記載のガラス繊維において、前記ガラスフィラメントのフィラメント径が3.0μm未満であることを特徴とする、ガラス繊維。
- 請求項6又は請求項7記載のガラス繊維からなることを特徴とする、ガラス繊維織物。
- 請求項6又は請求項7記載のガラス繊維を含むことを特徴とする、ガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物。
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