WO2023149056A1 - 光学部材及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
光学部材及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023149056A1 WO2023149056A1 PCT/JP2022/043142 JP2022043142W WO2023149056A1 WO 2023149056 A1 WO2023149056 A1 WO 2023149056A1 JP 2022043142 W JP2022043142 W JP 2022043142W WO 2023149056 A1 WO2023149056 A1 WO 2023149056A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- optical member
- coating layer
- pellicle frame
- frame
- tio
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 cemented carbide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000883 Ti6Al4V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005375 photometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001709 polysilazane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007261 regionalization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/62—Pellicles, e.g. pellicle assemblies, e.g. having membrane on support frame; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/64—Pellicles, e.g. pellicle assemblies, e.g. having membrane on support frame; Preparation thereof characterised by the frames, e.g. structure or material, including bonding means therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
- C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
- C23C18/1216—Metal oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1229—Composition of the substrate
- C23C18/1241—Metallic substrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
- C23C18/1254—Sol or sol-gel processing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical member such as a pellicle frame for a dustproof cover in the exposure process, which is essential in semiconductor manufacturing, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- patterns are formed by irradiating light onto semiconductor wafers and liquid crystal masters (pattern formation by lithography).
- the dust absorbs and/or inverts light, so that the pattern is not transferred satisfactorily (for example, pattern deformation or unclear edges).
- the quality and appearance of the semiconductor device and the liquid crystal panel are impaired, and the performance and manufacturing yield are lowered.
- pecryl is provided on the surface of the exposure original plate to prevent dust from adhering. It is common to be The pecryl is composed of a pecryl frame and a pecryl film stretched over the pecryl frame, and is installed so as to surround the pattern area formed on the surface of the exposure original plate. If the pattern of the original exposure plate is focused during lithography, even if dust adheres to the pecryl film, the dust will not affect transfer.
- reaction products such as ammonium sulfate
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-237282
- a pellicle support frame that is formed of an aluminum material made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, has an optical thin film body, and is used as a pellicle.
- a manufacturing method comprising forming an anodized film on the surface of an aluminum material by anodizing treatment using an alkaline aqueous solution containing tartaric acid, dyeing the aluminum material using an organic dye, and then sealing the aluminum material with steam.
- a method for manufacturing a pellicle support frame is disclosed.
- the material of the pellicle frame is not limited to aluminum, and the use of ceramics, steel, etc. is also being studied.
- a pellicle frame formed in a frame shape is made of a sintered body having a Young's modulus of 150 GPa or more and a Vickers hardness of 800 or more, and has a frame shape.
- the pellicle frame described in Patent Document 2 uses a sintered body with a high Young's modulus and Vickers hardness, the pellicle frame is deformed by the film tension generated when the pellicle film is stretched over the pellicle frame. can be suppressed. Moreover, since the width of at least one corner portion is wider than the width of the straight portion, the strength of the corner portion can be increased, and deformation and damage of the pellicle frame can be further suppressed.
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-085435
- a pellicle frame is manufactured by press working from a single flat metal plate, and has an L-shaped cross section.
- a pellicle frame characterized by having a pellicle film adhesive surface on the outer surface that is bent outward at a right angle and a mask adhesive surface on the end surface in contact with the inner wall surface, wherein the pellicle frame is made of carbon steel or stainless steel. It is disclosed to
- the pellicle frame described in Patent Document 3 the pellicle frame is manufactured by press working with excellent mass productivity. Therefore, it is said that the necessary and sufficient rigidity can be secured as a pellicle frame.
- the pellicle frame described in Patent Document 1 is made of aluminum, and when using an exposure light source with a shortened wavelength (during irradiation with extreme ultraviolet rays), distortion due to temperature rise poses a serious problem.
- the pellicle frame described in Patent Document 2 is made of a material with poor toughness and is extremely fragile, making it difficult to handle. In addition, the workability is poor, and the manufacturing cost becomes high. In addition, cemented carbide and cermet have a high specific gravity, which increases the weight of the pellicle frame.
- the pellicle frame described in Patent Document 3 can be manufactured at low cost, carbon steel and stainless steel have a high specific gravity, which increases the weight of the pellicle frame.
- the pellicle frame is required to have low dust emission and low outgassing when exposed to extreme ultraviolet rays, and the pellicle frames described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 do not fully satisfy these requirements. hard.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight optical member such as a pellicle frame that can be manufactured at a relatively low cost, which suppresses distortion due to temperature rise and has excellent low dust generation. It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical member having excellent heat resistance and low outgassing properties, and an efficient manufacturing method thereof.
- the present inventors have extensively studied the material and surface condition of optical members.
- the present inventors have found that the formation and the like are extremely effective, and arrived at the present invention.
- the present invention a substrate made of titanium or a titanium alloy; a TiO2 coating layer formed on the surface of the substrate;
- An optical member characterized by:
- the optical member of the present invention is made of titanium or a titanium alloy as a base material, it has both lightness and low thermal expansion.
- the TiO 2 coating layer is formed on the entire surface of the base material, it has excellent low dust generation and low outgassing properties.
- the TiO 2 coating layer also imparts good hydrogen plasma resistance to the optical member of the present invention.
- the TiO2 coating layer not only has the effect of trapping foreign substances present on the surface of the base material and suppressing their detachment. Almost no outgassing occurs.
- the TiO 2 coating layer contains nitrogen.
- the nitrogen originates from the salt catalyst when the sol-gel method is used to form the TiO 2 coating layer.
- the substrate has through holes, and the TiO 2 coating layer is also formed on the inner surfaces of the through holes.
- the base material has through-holes, it is extremely difficult to completely remove the foreign matter adhering to the inner surfaces of the through-holes. Since a dense and homogeneous TiO 2 coating layer is formed, excellent low dust generation is ensured.
- the amount of hydrogen gas generated by irradiation with extreme ultraviolet rays is 1.2 times or less the amount of hydrogen gas generated when the substrate is irradiated with extreme ultraviolet rays under the same conditions.
- the TiO 2 coating layer formed on the surface of the optical member of the present invention is a dense, uniform, and chemically stable ceramic layer, and the outgas generated from the TiO 2 coating layer is extremely small even when exposed to extreme ultraviolet rays. ing.
- the amount of hydrogen gas generated by extreme ultraviolet irradiation can be 1.2 times or less of the amount of hydrogen gas generated when the substrate is irradiated with extreme ultraviolet rays under the same conditions.
- a more preferable amount of hydrogen gas generated is 1.1 times or less, and the most preferable amount of hydrogen gas generated is 1.05 times or less.
- the optical member of the present invention when immersed in 3 L of pure water and subjected to ultrasonic irradiation for 1 minute, the particles having a particle size of 1 to 15 ⁇ m present in 50 ml of the pure water are removed.
- the number is preferably 600/68 cm 2 or less.
- the optical member of the present invention since foreign matter is trapped by the dense and homogeneous TiO 2 coating layer formed on the surface of the base material, the optical member is impregnated with pure water and irradiated with ultrasonic waves under severe conditions. Even so, detachment of foreign matter (particles) is extremely effectively suppressed.
- the optical member of the present invention when immersed in 3 L of pure water and subjected to ultrasonic irradiation for 1 minute, it has a particle size of 0.5 to 1 ⁇ m that exists in 50 ml of the pure water.
- the number of particles is preferably 2000/68 cm 2 or less.
- the optical member of the present invention since foreign matter is trapped by the dense and homogeneous TiO 2 coating layer formed on the surface of the base material, the optical member is impregnated with pure water and irradiated with ultrasonic waves under severe conditions. Even so, detachment of foreign matter (particles) is extremely effectively suppressed.
- the optical member of the present invention is preferably a pellicle frame, it is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention.
- Various known optical components casing, various supports inside the casing, shutter blades, aperture, etc. can be used.
- the present invention an optical member base material manufacturing step of processing a base material made of titanium or a titanium alloy into a shape of an optical member base material; a coating step of forming a TiO 2 coating layer on the surface of the optical member substrate using a sol-gel method; using a nitrogen-containing salt catalyst in the coating step; Also provided is a method for manufacturing an optical member characterized by:
- the substrate for the optical member is made of titanium or a titanium alloy
- the sol-gel method is used
- nitrogen is added to the sol-gel method. It is characterized by using a contained salt catalyst.
- a salt catalyst by using a salt catalyst, a dense and uniform TiO 2 coating layer can be efficiently formed on the entire surface of the substrate.
- through holes are formed in the optical member base material in the optical member base material producing step, and the inner surfaces of the through holes are also coated with the TiO 2 coating in the coating step.
- Forming a layer is preferred. Since the sol-gel method is used in the method of manufacturing the optical member of the present invention, the TiO 2 coating layer can be easily formed inside the through-holes. In particular, by applying dip coating, it is possible to easily and efficiently form a TiO 2 coating layer inside the through-holes as well.
- the polycondensation reaction of the coating raw material is promoted using a nitrogen-containing salt catalyst, and when the TiO 2 coating layer is formed by low-temperature firing at about 200 to 300 ° C. Even though the crystallization of TiO 2 is promoted. As a result, the finally obtained TiO 2 coating layer can be a good ceramic layer with high crystallinity.
- a lightweight optical member that can be manufactured at a relatively low cost, is suppressed in distortion due to temperature rise, and has excellent low dust generation and low outgassing properties, and an efficient manufacturing method thereof. can provide.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pellicle frame of an embodiment
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a C-C′ cross-sectional view of the pellicle frame of the embodiment
- 4A to 4C are process diagrams of a method for manufacturing a pellicle frame according to the embodiment
- 4 is a SEM photograph of a pellicle frame 1 in practice.
- 4 is a SEM photograph of a pellicle frame 2 in practice.
- 4 is an SEM photograph of Comparative Pellicle Frame 1.
- FIG. 4 is an SEM photograph of a comparative pellicle frame 2.
- FIG. 4 is an SEM photograph of a comparative pellicle frame 4.
- FIG. 4 is an IR spectrum of the pellicle frame 1 in practice.
- 4 is an IR spectrum of the pellicle frame 2 in practice.
- 4 is an IR spectrum of comparative pellicle frame 1;
- 4 is an IR spectrum of comparative pellicle frame 2;
- 4 is an IR spectrum of comparative pellicle frame 4; It is a measurement result of hydrogen gas. These are the measurement results of water and ammonia. It is a measurement result of hydrocarbons.
- the pellicle frame 1 is composed of a titanium or titanium alloy frame 4 having a TiO 2 coating layer 2 on its surface.
- the frame 4 is made of titanium or a titanium alloy, it has a higher strength and Young's modulus than the pellicle frame made of an aluminum alloy that has been commonly used.
- titanium and titanium alloys have a specific gravity of about 4.5, which is relatively light, and an increase in the weight of the pellicle frame 1 can be suppressed.
- Titanium alloys include Ti-6Al-4V alloy, Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn alloy, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo alloy, Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy, Ti-7Al-4Mo alloy, Ti- 5Al-2.5Sn alloy, Ti-6Al-5Zr-0.5Mo-0.2Si alloy, Ti-5.5Al-3.5Sn-3Zr-0.3Mo-1Nb-0.3Si alloy, Ti-8Al-1Mo -1V alloy, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo alloy, Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr alloy, Ti-11.5Mo-6Zr-4.5Sn alloy, Ti-15V-3Cr-3Al-3Sn alloy, Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al alloy, Ti-15Mo-5Zr alloy, or Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al
- titanium pure titanium
- ⁇ + ⁇ type alloy from the viewpoint of easiness
- Ti-6Al-4V alloy From the viewpoint of easiness, it is preferable to use Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
- the shape of the pellicle frame 1 is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention, and can have various conventionally known shapes depending on the shape of the exposure original plate. 1 has a ring shape, a rectangular shape, or a square shape, and has a size and shape that cover the circuit pattern portion provided on the exposure original plate.
- the height (thickness) of the pellicle frame 1 is preferably 0.5 to 10 mm, more preferably 1 to 7 mm, most preferably 1.0 to 3.0 mm.
- the cross-sectional shape of the pellicle frame 1 is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention, and can have various conventionally known shapes, but is preferably a quadrilateral with parallel upper and lower sides.
- the upper side of the pellicle frame 1 needs a width for stretching the pellicle film, and the lower side needs a width for providing an adhesive layer for adhesion to the exposure original plate.
- the width (W) of the upper and lower sides of the pellicle frame 1 is preferably about 1 to 3 mm.
- the flatness of the pellicle frame 1 is preferably 30 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less. By improving the flatness of the pellicle frame 1, the amount of deformation of the exposure master plate when the pellicle is attached to the exposure master plate can be reduced.
- the flatness of the pellicle frame 1 is calculated by measuring the height at a total of 8 points, 4 points at each corner of the pellicle frame 1 and 4 points at the center of the 4 sides of the pellicle frame 1, to calculate a virtual plane. It can be calculated by subtracting the lowest point from the highest point among the distances of each point from .
- the TiO 2 coating layer 2 is formed by a sol-gel method, and the TiO 2 coating layer 2 preferably contains nitrogen.
- the nitrogen originates from the salt catalyst when forming the TiO 2 coating layer 2 using the sol-gel method.
- a salt catalyst By using a salt catalyst, the polycondensation reaction of Ti alkoxide, which is the raw material of the TiO 2 coating layer 2, is effectively promoted, and a dense and homogeneous TiO 2 coating layer 2 is formed. Low outgassing properties can be secured more reliably.
- the method for detecting nitrogen is not particularly limited, and conventionally known various elemental analysis methods can be used.
- the TiO 2 coating layer 2 is formed over the entire surface of the frame 4, and the film thickness is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention, but is preferably 10 nm to 50 ⁇ m.
- the pellicle frame 1 has a through hole (not shown), and the TiO 2 coating layer 2 is also formed on the inner surface of the through hole.
- the frame body 4 has a through hole, it is extremely difficult to completely remove the foreign matter adhering to the inner surface of the through hole. By being formed, it is possible to ensure excellent low dust generation.
- the amount of hydrogen gas generated by irradiation with extreme ultraviolet rays is preferably 1.2 times or less the amount of hydrogen gas generated when the frame 4 is irradiated with extreme ultraviolet rays under the same conditions.
- the TiO 2 coating layer 2 is a dense, uniform, and chemically stable ceramic layer, and very little outgas is generated from the TiO 2 coating layer 2 even when exposed to extreme ultraviolet rays.
- the amount of hydrogen gas generated by extreme ultraviolet irradiation can be 1.2 times or less the amount of hydrogen gas generated when the frame 4 is irradiated with extreme ultraviolet rays under the same conditions.
- a more preferable amount of hydrogen gas generated is 1.1 times or less, and the most preferable amount of hydrogen gas generated is 1.05 times or less.
- the generation of not only hydrogen gas but also hydrocarbon gas such as C 3 H 5 is effectively suppressed.
- the method for measuring the amount of these outgases generated is not particularly limited, and conventionally known various gas analysis techniques can be used.
- the number of particles having a particle size of 1 to 15 ⁇ m present in 50 ml of the pure water is preferably 600/68 cm 2 or less.
- the pellicle frame 1 since foreign matter is trapped by the dense and homogeneous TiO 2 coating layer 2 formed on the surface of the frame 4, the pellicle frame 1 was impregnated with pure water and irradiated with ultrasonic waves. Detachment of foreign matter (particles) is extremely effectively suppressed even under severe conditions.
- the particles whose detachment is suppressed are not limited to those having a particle size of 1 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the number of particles present in the pure water inside is preferably 2000 particles/68 cm 2 or less when the particle size is 0.5 to 1 ⁇ m.
- the method for manufacturing a pellicle frame includes processing a base material made of titanium or a titanium alloy into the shape of the frame body 4 (a base material for an optical member). ) a manufacturing step (S01) and a coating step (S02) of forming a TiO 2 coating layer 2 on the surface of the frame 4 using a sol-gel method. Each step and the like will be described in detail below.
- the frame manufacturing step (S01) is a step for obtaining the frame 4. If necessary, the titanium or titanium alloy material is joined, cut, or the like to form the frame 4 of the pellicle frame 1 with high dimensional accuracy. It is a process for obtaining in.
- the frame body 4 can be cut out of the material.
- the frame body 4 can also be obtained by joining titanium or titanium alloy materials, and in this case, the yield of titanium or titanium alloy materials can be increased.
- the frame 4 obtained by cutting or joining may be further subjected to cutting.
- the frame 4 it is preferable to form a through-hole in the frame 4 and form the TiO 2 coating layer 2 also on the inner surface of the through-hole in the coating step (S02). Since the sol-gel method is used in the coating step (S02), the TiO 2 coating layer 2 can be easily formed inside the through holes.
- the coating step (S02) is a step for forming the TiO 2 coating layer 2 on the surface of the frame 4 obtained in the base material preparation step (S01).
- the frame 4 is preferably degreased. Specifically, the oil content can be removed by washing the frame 4 with acetone or the like, then washing with pure water, and drying. Moreover, it is preferable to apply chemical polishing to the frame 4 in order to smoothen the surface.
- the TiO 2 coating layer 2 can be formed on the surface of the frame 4 by hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of the Ti alkoxide.
- the method of applying the Ti alkoxide to the surface of the frame 4 is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, but immersing the frame 4 (dip coating) is preferable. By applying dip coating, the TiO 2 coating layer 2 can be formed simply and efficiently.
- the morphology of the TiO 2 coating layer 2 changes depending on how much the Ti alkoxide undergoes hydrolysis and then polymerizes. Specifically, suppressing hydrolysis to promote polycondensation results in low-dimensional growth, and promoting hydrolysis to suppress polycondensation results in high-dimensional growth.
- gelation occurs in the case of low-dimensional growth, it is preferable to promote polycondensation when Ti alkoxide having a slow polycondensation rate is used as a raw material.
- a nitrogen-containing salt catalyst is used in the formation process of the TiO 2 coating layer 2 using the sol-gel method.
- the polycondensation reaction can be promoted by using a nitrogen-containing salt catalyst.
- a dense and uniform TiO 2 coating layer 2 can be obtained.
- the heating temperature is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention, and may be appropriately adjusted according to the desired state of the TiO 2 coating layer 2, but low temperature heating of 200 to 300°C is preferred.
- the polycondensation reaction of Ti alkoxide is promoted using a salt catalyst, and even when the TiO 2 coating layer is formed by low-temperature firing at about 200-300° C., the crystallization of TiO 2 is promoted. As a result, the finally obtained TiO 2 coating layer 2 can be a good ceramic layer with high crystallinity.
- a TiO 2 coating layer was formed on the entire surface of the frame using a sol-gel method using Ti alkoxide as a raw material (coating step).
- a nitrogen-containing salt catalyst was used in the coating process, and dip coating was used to form a gelled Ti alkoxide layer over the entire surface of the frame.
- the speed at which the frame was immersed in the raw material was 5 mm/s, and the speed at which it was pulled up was 1 mm/s.
- the frame on which the gelled Ti alkoxide layer was formed on the entire surface was baked at 300° C. for 2 hours to form a TiO 2 coating layer, thereby obtaining the practical pellicle frame 1 as an example of the present invention. . Observation of the film thickness of the TiO 2 coating layer by cross-sectional observation revealed that it was 20 to 30 nm.
- Example 1 A comparative pellicle frame 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the entire surface of the frame was dip-coated with "Haniceran PI-20" manufactured by Honey Kasei Co., Ltd. and the firing conditions were set to 150°C for 1 hour. rice field.
- “Haniceran PI-20” is a one-liquid baking paint for glass materials, which is mainly composed of polysiloxane resin, and an SiO 2 coating layer was formed on the surface of the frame by baking.
- Example 2 A comparative pellicle frame 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the entire surface of the frame was dip-coated with "Sun Cerazan #200-1" manufactured by Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd., and the firing conditions were set to 150 ° C. for 1 hour. Obtained.
- “Sunserazane #200-1” is a mixture of 1% inorganic polysilazane and 90-99% dibutyl ether, and a SiO 2 coating layer was formed on the surface of the frame by firing.
- Example 3 A comparative pellicle frame 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that chemical polishing and coating treatment were not performed.
- IR spectra were measured for the surface before and after extreme ultraviolet irradiation.
- FT-IR 660-IR/620-IR manufactured by Agilent Technologies was used for the measurement.
- the IR spectra of Example Pellicle Frame 1, Example Pellicle Frame 2, Comparative Pellicle Frame 1, Comparative Pellicle Frame 2 and Comparative Pellicle Frame 4 are shown in FIGS. 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, respectively. .
- FIG. 14 shows the measurement results of hydrogen gas
- FIG. 15 shows the measurement results of water and ammonia
- FIG. 16 shows the measurement results of hydrocarbons.
- hydrogen gas and hydrocarbons it can be seen that the amounts of gas discharged from the practical pellicle frame 1 and the practical pellicle frame 2 on which the TiO 2 coating layer is formed are remarkably small. Also, with respect to water and ammonia, the amount of discharge is clearly reduced compared to the case where the SiO 2 coating layer is formed, although it is inferior when the coating is not applied.
- the amount of dust generation was evaluated by evaluation of particles in liquid. Specifically, after ultrasonically cleaning a glass beaker with pure water, 3 L of pure water was stored in the beaker, and a blank value was measured using a liquid particle counter (NP500T manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.).
- the pellicle frame was immersed in pure water and subjected to ultrasonic irradiation for 1 minute. After that, the pellicle frame was removed, and the number of particles in 50 ml of pure water was measured with a liquid particle counter. Table 1 shows the results obtained. The values in Table 1 are converted values (pieces/68 cm 2 ).
- the pellicle frame was immersed in 100 ml of pure water in a polyethylene bag, placed in a water bath at 90° C., and allowed to stand for 3 hours. Then, after cooling in a room temperature water bath, the amount of ions in pure water (pericle frame immersion liquid) was measured by ion chromatography (anion) and absorption photometry (NH 4 ). Thermo Integrion RFIC was used for ion chromatography, and Spectro photometer V-630 manufactured by JASCO was used for spectrophotometry. Table 2 shows the results obtained.
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Abstract
Description
チタン又はチタン合金からなる基材と、
前記基材の表面に形成されたTiO2コーティング層と、を有すること、
を特徴とする光学部材、を提供する。
チタン又はチタン合金からなる基材を光学部材用基材の形状に加工する光学部材用基材作製工程と、
ゾル-ゲル法を用いて前記光学部材用基材の表面にTiO2コーティング層を形成させるコーティング工程と、を有し、
前記コーティング工程において、窒素を含有する塩触媒を用いること、
を特徴とする光学部材の製造方法、も提供する。
図1及び図2に示すように、ペリクル枠体1は、TiO2コーティング層2を表面に有するチタン又はチタン合金製の枠体4で構成されている。
図3に示すように、本実施形態のペリクル枠体の製造方法は、チタン又はチタン合金からなる基材を枠体4の形状に加工する枠体(光学部材用基材)作製工程(S01)と、ゾル-ゲル法を用いて枠体4の表面にTiO2コーティング層2を形成させるコーティング工程(S02)と、を有している。以下、各工程等について詳細に説明する。
枠体作製工程(S01)は枠体4を得るための工程であり、必要に応じてチタン又はチタン合金材に対して接合及び切削等を施し、ペリクル枠体1の枠体4を高い寸法精度で得るための工程である。
コーティング工程(S02)は、基材作製工程(S01)で得られた枠体4の表面にTiO2コーティング層2を形成させるための工程である。
厚さ2mmの純チタン板から50mm×50mm×1.5mmの光学部材用基材を切り出し(光学部材用基材作製工程)、化学研磨を施して表面を平滑化した。次に、Tiアルコキシドを原料としてゾル-ゲル法を用いて枠体の表面全体にTiO2コーティング層を形成させた(コーティング工程)。コーティング工程には窒素を含有する塩触媒を用い、ディップコーティングを用いて枠体の表面全体にゲル化したTiアルコキシド層を形成させた。枠体を原料に浸漬する速度は5mm/s、引き上げる速度は1mm/sとした。
焼成温度を200℃としたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施ペリクル枠体2を得た。
枠体の表面全体にハニー化成株式会社製の「ハニセランPI-20」をディップコーティングし、焼成条件を150℃、1hとしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、比較ペリクル枠体1を得た。
枠体の表面全体にサンワ化学株式会社製の「サンセラザン ♯200-1」をディップコーティングし、焼成条件を150℃、1hとしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、比較ペリクル枠体2を得た。
化学研磨及びコーティング処理を施さなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、比較ペリクル枠体3を得た。
コーティング処理を施さなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、比較ペリクル枠体4を得た。
(1)極端紫外線照射による表面形態変化
4W/cm2の極端紫外線を各ペリクル枠体の表面に30分照射し、照射前後の表面状態を走査電子顕微鏡(カールツァイス社製、ULTRA PLUS)を用いて観察した。実施ペリクル枠体1、実施ペリクル枠体2、比較ペリクル枠体1、比較ペリクル枠体2及び比較ペリクル枠体4のSEM写真を図4、図5、図6、図7及び図8にそれぞれ示す。
各ペリクル枠体を真空チャンバ―に投入し、真空引きを行った。次に、極端紫外線照射前の状態で1~200amuの範囲で測定を行った。次に、4W/cm2の極端紫外線を照射後、1~200amuの範囲で12分間のマスピーク測定を行った。次に、異なる領域に極端紫外線を照射後、特定のamuで経時変化を測定した(0~30分間)。
液中パーティクル評価によって、発塵量を評価した。具体的には、ガラス製ビーカーを純水で超音波洗浄した後、純水3Lをビーカーに溜め、液中パーティクルカウンター(日本電色工業株式会社製,NP500T)を用いてブランク値を測定した。
ポリエチレン製の袋に100mlの純水にペリクル枠体を浸漬し、90℃のウォーターバスに投入して3h静置した。その後、常温のウォーターバスに移して冷却した後、純水(ペリクル枠体浸漬液)中のイオン量をイオンクロマトグラフ(アニオン)及び吸光光度法(NH4)にて測定した。なお、イオンクロマトグラフにはThermo Integrion RFIC、吸光光度法にはJASCO社製のSpectro photometer V-630を用いた。得られた結果を表2に示す。
2・・・TiO2コーティング層、
4・・・枠体。
Claims (8)
- チタン又はチタン合金からなる基材と、
前記基材の表面に形成されたTiO2コーティング層と、を有すること、
を特徴とする光学部材。 - 前記TiO2コーティング層に窒素が含まれること、
を特徴とする請求項1に記載の光学部材。 - 前記基材に貫通孔が存在し、
前記貫通孔の内面にも前記TiO2コーティング層が形成されていること、
を特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の光学部材。 - 極端紫外線照射による水素ガスの発生量が、前記基材に同じ条件で極端紫外線照射した場合の水素ガスの発生量の1.2倍以下であること、
を特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の光学部材。 - 3Lの純水に浸漬して1分間の超音波照射を施した場合において、50ml中の前記純水中に存在する1~15μmの粒径を有する粒子の数が600個/68cm2以下であること、
を特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の光学部材。 - 3Lの純水に浸漬して1分間の超音波照射を施した場合において、50ml中の前記純水中に存在する0.5~1μmの粒径を有する粒子の数が2000個/68cm2以下であること、
を特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の光学部材。 - チタン又はチタン合金からなる基材を光学部材用基材の形状に加工する光学部材用基材作製工程と、
ゾル-ゲル法を用いて前記光学部材用基材の表面にTiO2コーティング層を形成させるコーティング工程と、を有し、
前記コーティング工程において、窒素を含有する塩触媒を用いること、
を特徴とする光学部材の製造方法。 - 前記光学部材用基材作製工程において前記光学部材用基材に貫通孔を形成し、
前記コーティング工程において前記貫通孔の内面にも前記TiO2コーティング層を形成させること、
を特徴とする請求項7に記載の光学部材の製造方法。
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