WO2023141878A1 - 电池、用电装置及电池的制造方法和制造设备 - Google Patents

电池、用电装置及电池的制造方法和制造设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023141878A1
WO2023141878A1 PCT/CN2022/074308 CN2022074308W WO2023141878A1 WO 2023141878 A1 WO2023141878 A1 WO 2023141878A1 CN 2022074308 W CN2022074308 W CN 2022074308W WO 2023141878 A1 WO2023141878 A1 WO 2023141878A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
pressure relief
exhaust
relief mechanism
bottom wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/074308
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2023141878A8 (zh
Inventor
姚鹏程
朱德财
陈兴地
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280029731.1A priority Critical patent/CN117178418A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/074308 priority patent/WO2023141878A1/zh
Priority to EP22922724.4A priority patent/EP4366062A1/en
Publication of WO2023141878A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023141878A1/zh
Publication of WO2023141878A8 publication Critical patent/WO2023141878A8/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/308—Detachable arrangements, e.g. detachable vent plugs or plug systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/358—External gas exhaust passages located on the battery cover or case
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/375—Vent means sensitive to or responsive to temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular, to a battery, an electrical device, and a battery manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery, an electrical device, and a battery manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment, which can effectively reduce potential safety hazards in the use of the battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including a battery cell, a box body, a box cover, and a pressure relief mechanism;
  • the box body has a bottom wall;
  • the box cover and the box body are arranged in a first direction cloth and jointly define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cells, along the first direction, the case cover is arranged opposite to the bottom wall;
  • the pressure relief mechanism is installed on the bottom wall, the pressure relief mechanism is configured to activate when the pressure or temperature in the accommodation space reaches a threshold value, so as to relieve the pressure in the accommodation space;
  • the pressure relief mechanism is perpendicular to the battery cells The projections in the plane of the first direction do not overlap.
  • the pressure relief mechanism on the bottom wall of the box, the high-temperature smoke generated by the battery cells accommodated in the accommodation space can pass through the bottom wall of the box. That is to say, the high-temperature smoke generated by the battery cell when thermal runaway occurs can be released from the bottom of the box, which can effectively relieve the high-temperature smoke from directly impacting the car body or The phenomenon of passengers to reduce the safety hazard of the battery during use.
  • the pressure relief mechanism and the battery cells so that their projections on the plane perpendicular to the first direction do not overlap, the misalignment of the pressure relief mechanism and the battery cells can be achieved, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the battery cells on the pressure relief.
  • the blocking of the mechanism enables the pressure relief mechanism to stably release the pressure in the containment space when the pressure or temperature in the containment space reaches the threshold value, which is beneficial to ensure the normal operation and consistency of the pressure relief mechanism, so as to improve the structure of this structure. Battery safety.
  • the battery further includes an exhaust piece; the exhaust piece is installed on the bottom wall and extends into the accommodation space, and the inside of the exhaust piece is formed with a A connected exhaust channel, the exhaust channel is configured to guide the exhaust generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells to pass through the pressure relief mechanism and then be discharged from the box.
  • an exhaust piece is installed on the bottom wall, and an exhaust channel communicating with the accommodation space is formed inside the exhaust piece, through which the battery cells in the accommodation space can be released from thermal runaway.
  • the exhaust is guided to the pressure relief mechanism, so that the exhaust can guide the exhaust generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells, so that the pressure relief mechanism can release the internal pressure of the accommodation space.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is installed in the exhaust passage.
  • the exhaust piece can protect the pressure relief mechanism to a certain extent, thereby effectively reducing the pressure of the pressure relief mechanism during use. Damaged or knocked by external force, to ensure the normal use of the pressure relief mechanism, and can improve the service life of the pressure relief mechanism, which is conducive to improving the use safety of the battery.
  • the exhaust member along the first direction, has an exhaust end for discharging the exhaust out of the tank, and the exhaust end extends until the bottom wall faces away from the tank cover side.
  • the battery further includes at least one separator; the at least one separator is configured to divide the containing space into a plurality of chambers, the chambers are used to accommodate the battery cells,
  • the separator is mounted with the exhaust.
  • the separator can divide the storage space into a plurality of chambers for accommodating the battery cells, and the exhaust element is installed on the separator to realize the discharge
  • the air part is located between the battery cells in the accommodation space, so that the distance between the exhaust part and the battery cells can be reduced, and the discharge path of the emissions generated by the battery cells during thermal runaway can be effectively shortened, which is beneficial to Mitigate the phenomenon that the discharge diffuses in the containment space.
  • a plurality of flow guiding channels arranged at intervals along the first direction and communicating with each other are formed inside the separator, at least one of the flow guiding channels communicates with the accommodation space, and the guiding channels communicate with each other.
  • a flow channel communicates with the exhaust channel.
  • the flow guide channels communicate with each other in the separator, and the flow guide channels can communicate with the accommodating space and the exhaust channel of the exhaust member, so that the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells can pass through
  • the diversion passage enters the exhaust passage of the exhaust part to release through the pressure relief mechanism.
  • the battery with this structure can guide the discharge through the diversion passage and increase the flow stroke of the discharge. , which in turn can play a certain role in cooling the emissions.
  • the divider has at least one divider, and along the first direction, one divider is provided between every two adjacent flow guiding channels, and the divider has a There is a first air hole, and the first air hole is used to communicate with the two connected flow guide channels; the exhaust piece extends along the first direction, and the exhaust piece is provided with a A plurality of second ventilation holes arranged at intervals in one direction, the second ventilation holes are used to communicate with the flow guiding channel and the exhaust channel.
  • the separator is provided with at least one partition, through which the interior of the separator can be divided into a plurality of flow guide channels, and the exhaust piece is arranged with a plurality of second ventilation holes at intervals in its extending direction , so as to realize the communication between the exhaust channel and the guide channel, so that the battery with this structure can guide the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell through the guide channel, and at the same time, it can precipitate the particulate matter in the discharge.
  • it is beneficial to reduce the safety hazard of the battery during use.
  • a third air hole is opened on the side of the separator facing the case cover, and the third air hole is used to communicate with the accommodating space and a plurality of the accommodating spaces.
  • the flow guiding channel that is close to the tank cover in the flow guiding channel.
  • both ends of the exhaust member are respectively connected with a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, and the first connecting piece leans against the bottom wall and faces away from the One side of the case cover, the second connecting part is against the side of the separator facing the case cover, the first connecting part and the second connecting part are used to cooperate and fix the exhaust part .
  • the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are respectively connected to the two ends of the exhaust piece, and the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece respectively abut against the side of the bottom wall away from the box cover and the partition
  • the body faces the side of the box cover, that is to say, the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece respectively abut against the outside of the bottom wall and the top of the separator after being connected to both ends of the exhaust piece, so that the first connecting piece
  • the exhaust piece and the second connecting piece can cooperate to fasten the exhaust piece on the separator to realize the installation of the exhaust piece.
  • a receiving groove for receiving the first connecting member is defined on a side of the bottom wall away from the case cover.
  • the accommodating groove for accommodating the first connecting piece is provided on the side of the bottom wall away from the box cover, so that the first connecting piece can be accommodated in the accommodating groove, so that the accommodating groove can be used for the first connecting piece on the one hand.
  • the first connecting piece acts as a limiter to reduce the risk of disengagement caused by the movement of the first connecting piece; Install the first connector.
  • the first connecting piece does not protrude beyond the side of the bottom wall away from the box cover.
  • the first connecting piece by arranging the first connecting piece to not exceed the side of the bottom wall away from the box cover along the first direction, that is to say, the first connecting piece is completely accommodated in the accommodating groove, thereby adopting this structure can It plays a better role in protecting the first connecting part, so as to alleviate the phenomenon of abrasion or knocking of the first connecting part during use.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, including the above-mentioned battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery manufacturing method, including: providing a box body, the box body has a bottom wall; providing a box cover; providing a pressure relief mechanism; providing a battery cell;
  • the mechanism is installed on the bottom wall; the battery cells are installed in the box; cloth and jointly define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cells; wherein, the projection of the pressure relief mechanism and the projection of the battery cells in a plane perpendicular to the first direction does not overlap, and the pressure relief mechanism
  • the mechanism is configured to be activated when the pressure or temperature within the containment space reaches a threshold to relieve the pressure within the containment space.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery manufacturing equipment, including a first providing device, a second providing device, a third providing device, a fourth providing device, a first assembling device, a second assembling device and a third An assembly device;
  • the first providing device is used to provide a box body, and the box body has a bottom wall;
  • the second providing device is used to provide a box cover;
  • the third providing device is used to provide a pressure relief mechanism;
  • the fourth providing device is used to provide battery cells;
  • the first assembling device is used to install the pressure relief mechanism on the bottom wall;
  • the second assembling device is used to install the battery cells on the In the box;
  • the third assembling device is used to cover the box cover on the box body, so that the box cover and the box body are arranged along the first direction and jointly define a box for accommodating the box.
  • An accommodation space for a battery cell wherein, the pressure relief mechanism does not overlap with the projection of the battery cell on a plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the pressure relief mechanism is configured in the accommodation space When the pressure or temperature reaches a threshold value, it is activated to release the pressure in the containing space.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the structure of the battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of a battery case provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the box body and the exhaust part provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust element connected to the box provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust element connected to the box provided by some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust member provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged view at A of the separator shown in Fig. 6;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a battery manufacturing method provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic block diagram of battery manufacturing equipment provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icons 1000-vehicle; 100-battery; 10-battery unit; 11-pressure relief piece; 20-box; 21-bottom wall; 211-first area; 212-second area; 213-installation hole; 214 -Accommodating groove; 30-Case cover; 40-Pressure relief mechanism; 50-Exhaust piece; 51-Exhaust channel; 52-Exhaust end; 53-Limiting part; ; 61-guiding channel; 62-partition; 621-first vent hole; 63-third vent hole; 70-chamber; 80-first connector; 90-second connector; 200-controller; 300—motor; X—first direction; Y—second direction; Z—third direction.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length and width of the integrated device, are for illustrative purposes only, and should not constitute any limitation to the application .
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • a battery generally includes a case for enclosing one or more battery cells or a plurality of battery modules. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes a casing, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the casing is used to accommodate the electrode assembly and the electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly consists of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon. In order to ensure that a large current is passed without fusing, the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the box cover, so that the pressure relief mechanism can release the high temperature gas in the box when the pressure or temperature of the high temperature gas in the box reaches a threshold value, so as to reduce the explosion or spontaneous combustion of the battery.
  • the pressure relief mechanism arranged on the tank cover will directly impact other parts or passengers of the vehicle with this battery when the high-temperature gas in the tank is released, thereby causing damage or threat to the vehicle It affects the safety of passengers, which in turn leads to a greater safety hazard in the use of the battery.
  • the inventor designed a battery after in-depth research, including a battery cell, a box body, a box cover, and a pressure relief mechanism.
  • the box body has a bottom wall.
  • the box cover and the box body are arranged along a first direction and jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cells.
  • the box cover and the bottom wall are arranged opposite to each other in the first direction.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is installed on the bottom wall, and the pressure relief mechanism is configured to be activated when the pressure or temperature in the accommodation space reaches a threshold to relieve the pressure in the accommodation space.
  • the pressure relief mechanism and the battery cells are perpendicular to the first direction Projections in the plane of do not overlap.
  • the pressure relief mechanism on the bottom wall of the box by installing the pressure relief mechanism on the bottom wall of the box, the high-temperature smoke generated by the battery cells accommodated in the accommodation space can pass through the bottom wall of the box.
  • the pressure relief mechanism on the wall is discharged, that is to say, the high-temperature smoke generated by the battery cell when thermal runaway occurs can be released from the bottom of the box, which can effectively relieve the high-temperature smoke from directly impacting the car after being discharged from the box body or passengers, in order to reduce the safety hazard of the battery during use.
  • the misalignment of the pressure relief mechanism and the battery cells can be achieved, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the battery cells on the pressure relief.
  • the blocking of the mechanism enables the pressure relief mechanism to stably release the pressure in the containment space when the pressure or temperature in the containment space reaches the threshold value, which is beneficial to ensure the normal operation and consistency of the pressure relief mechanism, so as to improve the structure of this structure. Battery safety.
  • the batteries disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electric devices such as vehicles, ships or aircrafts.
  • the battery disclosed in this application can be used to form the power supply system of the electrical device. In this way, it is beneficial to alleviate the phenomenon that the high-temperature smoke generated by the battery cell directly impacts the car body or passengers when the battery is out of control, so as to improve the use of the battery. safety.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery as a power source.
  • the electric device can be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • a vehicle 1000 as an electric device according to an embodiment of the present application is taken as an example for description.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle.
  • the interior of the vehicle 1000 is provided with a battery 100 , and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the structure of the battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a battery cell 10 , a case body 20 and a case cover 30 .
  • the case cover 30 covers the case body 20 .
  • the case body 20 and the case cover 30 together define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cell 10 .
  • the battery 100 there may be one battery cell 10, or there may be a plurality of them.
  • the plurality of battery cells 10 can be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the plurality of battery cells 10 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 10 can be directly connected in series, in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of a plurality of battery cells 10 is accommodated in the box 20; of course, the battery 100 can also be a plurality of battery cells 10
  • the battery modules are firstly connected in series or in parallel or in combination, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series or in parallel or in combination to form a whole and accommodated in the box 20 .
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may also include a current flow component for realizing electrical connection between a plurality of battery cells 10 .
  • the battery cell 10 is provided with a pressure relief member 11, which is located at the top of the battery cell 10, and the pressure relief member 11 is used to release when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 10 reaches a predetermined value.
  • the pressure inside the battery cell 10 that is, the pressure relief member 11 is used to release the high-temperature gas inside the battery cell 10 when the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway.
  • the pressure relief member 11 may be a component such as an explosion-proof valve, a burst disk, an air valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve.
  • each battery cell 10 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 10 may be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes.
  • FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a battery 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • 100 is a schematic structural diagram of the box body 20.
  • the present application provides a battery 100 .
  • the battery 100 includes a battery cell 10 , a box body 20 , a box cover 30 and a pressure relief mechanism 40 .
  • the box body 20 has a bottom wall 21 .
  • the case cover 30 and the case body 20 are arranged along the first direction X and jointly define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cells 10 .
  • the case cover 30 is arranged opposite to the bottom wall 21 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 is installed on the bottom wall 21 , and the pressure relief mechanism 40 is configured to be activated when the pressure or temperature in the accommodation space reaches a threshold, so as to release the pressure in the accommodation space.
  • the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 40 and the battery cell 10 in a plane perpendicular to the first direction X does not overlap.
  • the first direction X is the arrangement direction of the box cover 30 and the box body 20 after the box cover 30 is closed on the box body 20 .
  • the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 40 and the battery cell 10 in a plane perpendicular to the first direction X does not overlap, that is, the pressure relief mechanism 40 and the battery cell 10 do not overlap each other in the first direction X, that is, In Fig. 4, a first area 211 and a second area 212 are formed on the bottom wall 21 of the box body 20 (for ease of illustration, it can be seen in Fig. 4 that the bottom wall 21 of the box body 20 has two dotted lines, Between the two dotted lines is the first area 211, and both sides of the two dotted lines are the second area 212).
  • the first area 211 is provided with an installation hole 213 for installing the pressure relief mechanism 40, and the installation hole 213 runs through the box body 20
  • the bottom wall 21 of the second area 212 is used to install the battery cell 10 so that the pressure relief mechanism 40 can release the internal pressure of the accommodation space.
  • first region 211 formed on the bottom wall 21, and the first region 211 extends along the second direction Y, so that the bottom wall 21 is formed with the first region 211 on both sides of the first region 211 along the third direction Z.
  • first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction Z are perpendicular to each other.
  • the second direction Y is the width direction of the box body 20
  • the third direction Z is the length direction of the box body 20 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 may be a component such as an explosion-proof valve, a burst disk, an air valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve.
  • the three pressure relief mechanisms 40 installed on the bottom wall 21, and the three pressure relief mechanisms 40 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y. Correspondingly, three installation holes are opened on the first area 211 of the bottom wall 21. 213. Of course, in other embodiments, there may be one, two, four or five pressure relief mechanisms 40 installed on the bottom wall 21 .
  • the box 20 is a hollow structure with one side open, and the box cover 30 covers one side of the box 20 , so that the box 20 and the box cover 30 jointly define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cells 10 .
  • the box body 20 can also be other structures.
  • the box body 20 includes a box body 20 and two box covers 30.
  • the box body 20 is a hollow structure with open sides on opposite sides.
  • the two box covers 30 Cover the two sides of the case body 20 respectively, so that the case body 20 and the two case covers 30 jointly define a receiving space for accommodating the battery cells 10 .
  • one of the two tank covers 30 is the bottom wall 21 for mounting the pressure relief mechanism 40 of the tank 20 .
  • the box body 20 formed by the box body 20 and the box cover 30 may also have various structures, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, and the like.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 By installing the pressure relief mechanism 40 on the bottom wall 21 of the box body 20 , the high-temperature flue gas generated by the battery cells 10 accommodated in the accommodation space can pass through the bottom wall 21 of the box body 20 . That is to say, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the battery cell 10 when thermal runaway occurs can be discharged from the bottom of the box body 20, thereby effectively relieving the high-temperature flue gas from being discharged directly from the box body 20. The phenomenon of impacting the car body or passengers, so as to reduce the potential safety hazard of the battery 100 during use.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 and the battery cell 10 are set so that the projections on the plane perpendicular to the first direction X do not overlap, the misalignment of the pressure relief mechanism 40 and the battery cell 10 can be realized, thereby effectively reducing the battery life.
  • the blocking of the pressure relief mechanism 40 by the monomer 10 enables the pressure relief mechanism 40 to stably release the pressure in the accommodation space when the pressure or temperature in the accommodation space reaches a threshold value, which in turn helps to ensure the normal operation and maintenance of the pressure relief mechanism 40. Consistency, so as to improve the use safety of the battery 100 with this structure.
  • the embodiment provides a cross-sectional view of the exhaust element 50 connected to the box body 20 .
  • the battery 100 also includes an exhaust member 50.
  • the exhaust member 50 is installed on the bottom wall 21 and extends into the accommodation space.
  • An exhaust passage 51 communicating with the accommodation space is formed inside the exhaust member 50.
  • the exhaust passage 51 is configured To guide the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 , it passes through the pressure relief mechanism 40 and then is discharged from the box 20 .
  • the exhaust piece 50 extends along the first direction X, the exhaust piece 50 is inserted into the installation hole 213 of the bottom wall 21, and the pressure relief mechanism 40 is installed on the exhaust piece 50, so that the exhaust piece 50 can
  • the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 is guided to the pressure relief mechanism 40 for discharge.
  • the discharge is high-temperature smoke generated by the battery cell 10 when the thermal runaway occurs.
  • An exhaust member 50 is installed on the bottom wall 21, and an exhaust channel 51 communicating with the accommodation space is formed inside the exhaust member 50. Through the exhaust channel 51, the battery cells 10 in the accommodation space can be released from thermal runaway. The exhaust is guided to the pressure relief mechanism 40, so that the exhaust member 50 can guide the exhaust generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells 10, so that the pressure relief mechanism 40 can release the internal pressure of the accommodation space.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 is installed in the exhaust passage 51 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 is installed in the exhaust passage 51 and is located at an end of the exhaust passage 51 close to the bottom wall 21 in the first direction X, so that the pressure relief mechanism 40 releases the internal pressure of the accommodating space.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 is screwed into the exhaust channel 51 of the exhaust member 50 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 may also be connected to the exhaust member 50 by clamping or welding.
  • the outer peripheral side of the pressure relief mechanism 40 can also be sleeved with a seal.
  • the seal is located between the pressure relief mechanism 40 and the inner wall of the exhaust passage 51. The seal is used to seal the pressure relief mechanism 40 and the exhaust gas. 50 pieces.
  • the sealing member is a rubber ring sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the pressure relief mechanism 40 .
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust element 50 connected to the box body 20 provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 can also be connected to one end of the exhaust piece 50 inserted in the mounting hole 213, and the part of the pressure relief mechanism 40 is inserted in the exhaust passage 51 and is screwed on the inner wall of the exhaust passage 51, so as to The pressure release mechanism 40 is enabled to release the internal pressure of the accommodation space.
  • the exhaust piece 50 can protect the pressure relief mechanism 40 to a certain extent, thereby effectively reducing the pressure of the pressure relief mechanism 40 during use. Damaged or knocked by external force can ensure the normal use of the pressure relief mechanism 40 , and can increase the service life of the pressure relief mechanism 40 , thereby improving the use safety of the battery 100 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust member 50 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the exhaust member 50 has an exhaust end 52 for discharging exhaust from the box body 20 , and the exhaust end 52 extends to a side of the bottom wall 21 away from the box cover 30 .
  • the exhaust end 52 has a limiting portion 53 protruding from the outer peripheral side of the exhaust end 52 , and the limiting portion 53 is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the exhaust member 50 , The limiting portion 53 is used to abut against the side of the bottom wall 21 away from the box cover 30 to limit the exhaust element 50 , so as to facilitate the installation of the exhaust element 50 on the bottom wall 21 .
  • the structure of the battery 100 facilitates the installation and fixing of the exhaust member 50 on the box body 20 on the one hand, and on the other hand facilitates the discharge of the exhaust generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 through the exhaust channel 51 of the exhaust member 50, which is conducive to realizing Directed discharge of emissions in containment spaces.
  • the battery 100 further includes at least one separator 60 .
  • At least one separator 60 is configured to divide the accommodation space into a plurality of chambers 70 for accommodating the battery cells 10 , and the separator 60 is installed with the exhaust member 50 .
  • the divider 60 is installed in the first area 211, and the divider 60 extends along the second direction Y, so that both sides of the divider 60 along the third direction Z are formed for accommodating Chamber 70 of battery cell 10 .
  • the number of separators 60 can also be two, three or four, etc., and the arrangement of the separators 60 can also be various, and a plurality of separators 60 can be arranged at intervals along the third direction Z, and more
  • the partitions 60 can also be arranged to cross each other, for example, two partitions 60 are arranged perpendicular to each other, so as to divide the accommodating chamber into four chambers 70 .
  • an installation channel extending along the first direction X is opened inside the separator 60, and the installation channel is provided corresponding to the installation hole 213 on the bottom wall 21, and the exhaust member 50 is penetrated through the installation hole 213 and the installation channel. and the end of the exhaust member 50 in the first direction X away from the exhaust end 52 extends out of the side of the separator 60 facing the box cover 30 .
  • the separator 60 By arranging the separator 60 in the storage space, the separator 60 can divide the storage space into a plurality of chambers 70 for accommodating the battery cells 10, and the exhaust member 50 is installed on the separator 60 to realize exhaustion.
  • the air part 50 is located between the battery cells 10 in the accommodation space, so that the distance between the exhaust part 50 and the battery cells 10 can be reduced, thereby effectively shortening the emission rate of the battery cells 10 when thermal runaway occurs.
  • the emission path is beneficial to alleviate the phenomenon that the emission diffuses in the accommodation space.
  • a plurality of flow guiding channels 61 arranged at intervals along the first direction X and communicating with each other are formed inside the separator 60 , at least one flow guiding channel 61 is connected to The accommodating spaces communicate with each other, and the guide channel 61 communicates with the exhaust channel 51 .
  • flow guide channels 61 are formed inside the separator 60 , and the four flow guide channels 61 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X. In other embodiments, the number of flow guide channels 61 may also be two, three or five.
  • the flow guide channels 61 By arranging a plurality of flow guide channels 61 communicating with each other in the separator 60, and the flow guide channels 61 can communicate with the accommodating space and the exhaust channel 51 of the exhaust member 50, so that the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 can be reduced.
  • the battery 100 with this structure can guide the discharge through the guide channel 61 and at the same time The flow stroke of the discharge can be increased, and thus the temperature of the discharge can be lowered to a certain extent.
  • FIG. 9 is a partial enlarged view of A of the separator 60 shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the separator 60 has at least one partition 62, along the first direction X, a partition 62 is provided between every two adjacent flow guide channels 61, and a first vent hole 621 is opened on the partition 62, and the first vent hole 621 is opened on the partition 62.
  • the air holes 621 are used to communicate with the two connected flow guiding channels 61 .
  • the exhaust member 50 extends along the first direction X, and the exhaust member 50 is provided with a plurality of second ventilation holes 54 arranged at intervals along the first direction X, and the second ventilation holes 54 are used to communicate with the guide channel 61 and the exhaust gas. Channel 51.
  • the exhaust member 50 is provided with a second air hole 54 at a position corresponding to each air guide channel 61 , so that the exhaust channel 51 of the exhaust member 50 can communicate with each air guide channel 61 .
  • each partition 62 is provided with a plurality of first ventilation holes 621 to communicate with two adjacent flow guiding channels 61 .
  • the divider 60 is provided with at least one partition 62, through which the inside of the divider 60 can be divided into a plurality of guide passages 61, and the exhaust member 50 is arranged with a plurality of second ventilation holes at intervals in its extending direction 54, in order to realize the communication between the exhaust channel 51 and the flow guide channel 61, so that the battery 100 with this structure can guide the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 through the flow guide channel 61 while the discharge Particles in the exhaust can act as a sedimentation operation to reduce the risk of blocking the exhaust passage 51 or blocking the pressure relief mechanism 40 after the particulate matter in the exhaust enters the exhaust passage 51, thereby reducing the safety of the battery 100 during use. Hidden danger.
  • the side of the separator 60 facing the box cover 30 is provided with a third vent hole 63, and the third vent hole 63 is used for communication.
  • the accommodating space and the flow guide channel 61 close to the case cover 30 among the plurality of flow guide channels 61 .
  • the separator 60 faces the side of the case cover 30 in the first direction X, that is, the top of the separator 60 is provided with a third vent hole 63, and there are multiple third vent holes 63, so that the guide channel 61 can communicates with each chamber 70 of the containing space.
  • the third ventilation hole 63 may also be opened on the side wall of the partition body 60 facing the chamber 70 , so that the flow guide channel 61 can communicate with each chamber 70 in the accommodation space.
  • the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 can flow from the separator 60
  • the top of the top enters the flow guide channel 61 , which is beneficial to alleviate the phenomenon that the discharge is blocked by the battery cells 10 when entering the flow guide channel 61 , so that the discharge enters the flow guide channel 61 .
  • FIG. 6 and FIG. Part 80 abuts against the side of the bottom wall 21 away from the case cover 30, the second connecting part 90 abuts against the side of the divider 60 facing the case cover 30, and the first connecting part 80 and the second connecting part 90 are used for cooperating and fixing Exhaust 50.
  • first connecting piece 80 abuts against the side of the bottom wall 21 away from the box cover 30
  • second connecting piece 90 abuts against the side of the separator 60 facing the box cover 30 , that is, the first connecting piece 80 is located on the bottom wall 21
  • the second connecting member 90 is located on the top of the separator 60 .
  • the first connecting piece 80 is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the limiting portion 53 of the exhaust piece 50 and is screwed to the limiting portion 53
  • the second connecting piece 90 is sleeved on the exhausting piece 50 in the first direction X on the outer peripheral side of one end far away from the limiting portion 53, and screwed to the exhaust piece 50, so as to realize that the first connecting piece 80 and the second connecting piece 90 are respectively connected to the two ends of the exhaust piece 50, so that the first connection The part 80 and the second connecting part 90 can cooperate to lock the exhaust part 50 on the separator 60 .
  • the first connecting member 80 and the second connecting member 90 may also be connected to both ends of the exhaust member 50 by means of bonding, welding or clamping.
  • first connecting piece 80 and the second connecting piece 90 By connecting the first connecting piece 80 and the second connecting piece 90 at both ends of the exhaust member 50 respectively, and the first connecting piece 80 and the second connecting piece 90 respectively abut against the side of the bottom wall 21 away from the case cover 30 and the The side of the partition body 60 facing the tank cover 30, that is to say, the first connecting piece 80 and the second connecting piece 90 respectively abut against the outer side of the bottom wall 21 and the partition body 60 after being connected to the two ends of the exhaust piece 50.
  • the top of the top so that the first connecting piece 80 and the second connecting piece 90 can cooperate to fasten the exhaust piece 50 on the separator 60, so as to realize the installation of the exhaust piece 50.
  • This structure is simple and easy to implement.
  • a receiving groove 214 for receiving the first connecting member 80 is defined on a side of the bottom wall 21 away from the case cover 30 .
  • the accommodating groove 214 for accommodating the first connecting piece 80 is provided on the side of the bottom wall 21 away from the case cover 30, so that the first connecting piece 80 can be accommodated in the accommodating groove 214, so that the accommodating groove 214 can be opposite on the one hand.
  • the first connecting piece 80 plays a certain position-limiting role, so as to reduce the risk of disengagement caused by the movement of the first connecting piece 80. On the other hand, it can play a certain positioning role for the first connecting piece 80. It is convenient to install the first connecting member 80 during the process.
  • the first connecting member 80 does not protrude beyond the side of the bottom wall 21 away from the box cover 30 .
  • the first connecting piece 80 does not extend beyond the side of the bottom wall 21 facing away from the case cover 30 , that is, the first connecting piece 80 is completely accommodated in the receiving groove 214 and abuts against the groove bottom wall 21 of the receiving groove 214 .
  • this structure can better protect the first connecting piece 80 and relieve the pressure of the first connecting piece 80.
  • a connecting piece 80 is worn or bumped during use.
  • the present application also provides an electric device, including the battery 100 according to any of the above schemes, and the battery 100 is used to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • the electric device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using the battery 100 .
  • the present application provides a battery 100 , including a battery cell 10 , a box body 20 , a box cover 30 , and a pressure relief mechanism 40 , the exhaust piece 50 and the separator 60.
  • the box body 20 has a bottom wall 21 on which a first area 211 and a second area 212 are formed along a first direction X that do not overlap each other.
  • the case cover 30 and the case body 20 are arranged along the first direction X and jointly define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cells 10 , and the case cover 30 is arranged opposite to the bottom wall 21 along the first direction X.
  • the separator 60 is installed in the first area 211, and the separator 60 extends along the second direction Y to divide the accommodating cavity into two chambers 70 for accommodating the battery cells 10.
  • the inside of the separator 60 is provided with a plurality of Partition 62, a plurality of partitions 62 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X, so as to partition the inside of the partition 60 into a plurality of guide channels 61 arranged in sequence along the first direction X, and the partitions 62 are provided with The first ventilation holes 621 of the two connected flow guiding channels 61 are connected, and the side of the separator 60 facing the tank cover 30 is provided with a third ventilation hole 63 connected with the flow guiding channels 61 .
  • the exhaust piece 50 is penetrated in the separator 60, and the two ends of the exhaust piece 50 respectively extend out from the side of the bottom wall 21 away from the box cover 30 and the side of the separator 60 facing the box cover 30, and the inside of the exhaust piece 50
  • An exhaust passage 51 extending along the first direction X and communicating with the accommodation space is formed.
  • the exhaust member 50 is provided with a plurality of second ventilation holes 54 arranged at intervals along the first direction X.
  • the second ventilation holes 54 are used for The flow guide passage 61 and the exhaust passage 51 are connected, and the two ends of the exhaust member 50 are respectively connected with a first connecting piece 80 and a second connecting piece 90, and the first connecting piece 80 abuts against the side of the bottom wall 21 away from the box cover 30 On one side, the second connecting piece 90 abuts against the side of the separator 60 facing the tank cover 30 , and the first connecting piece 80 and the second connecting piece 90 are used to cooperate and fix the exhaust piece 50 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 is disposed in the exhaust channel 51 , and the pressure relief mechanism 40 is configured to be activated when the pressure or temperature in the accommodation space reaches a threshold, so as to release the pressure in the accommodation space.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for manufacturing the battery 100 , please refer to FIG. 10 , which is a schematic flowchart of the method for manufacturing the battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the manufacturing method includes:
  • S100 Provide a box body 20, the box body 20 has a bottom wall 21;
  • S400 provide battery cells 10;
  • S700 Cover the case cover 30 on the case body 20, so that the case cover 30 and the case body 20 are arranged along the first direction X and jointly define an accommodation space for accommodating the battery cells 10;
  • the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 40 and the battery cell 10 in a plane perpendicular to the first direction X does not overlap, and the pressure relief mechanism 40 is configured to be activated when the pressure or temperature in the accommodation space reaches a threshold value to release Pressure in the containment space.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a manufacturing equipment of the battery 100 , please refer to FIG. 11 , which is a schematic block diagram of the manufacturing equipment of the battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the manufacturing equipment includes a first providing device, a second providing device, a third providing device, a fourth providing device, a first assembling device, a second assembling device and a third assembling device.
  • the first providing device is used to provide a box body 20 having a bottom wall 21 .
  • the second providing device is used to provide the tank cover 30 .
  • the third providing means is used to provide the pressure relief mechanism 40 .
  • the fourth supply device is used for supplying the battery cells 10 .
  • the first assembly device is used to install the pressure relief mechanism 40 on the bottom wall 21 .
  • the second assembly device is used for installing the battery cells 10 in the case 20 .
  • the third assembling device is used to cover the case cover 30 on the case body 20 , so that the case cover 30 and the case body 20 are arranged along the first direction X and jointly define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cells 10 .
  • the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 40 and the battery cell 10 in a plane perpendicular to the first direction X does not overlap, and the pressure relief mechanism 40 is configured to be activated when the pressure or temperature in the accommodation space reaches a threshold value to release Pressure in the containment space.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种电池、用电装置及电池的制造方法和制造设备，属于电池技术领域。其中，电池包括电池单体、箱体、箱盖和泄压机构。箱体具有底壁。箱盖与箱体沿第一方向排布并共同限定出容纳空间，容纳空间用于容纳电池单体，沿第一方向，箱盖与底壁相对布置。泄压机构安装于底壁，泄压机构被配置为在容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放容纳空间内的压力。泄压机构与电池单体在垂直于第一方向的平面内的投影不重叠。这种结构的电池能够将电池单体在热失控时的高温烟气从箱体的底部进行泄放，从而有利于缓解高温烟气直接冲击汽车车身或乘客的现象，且能够有效减少电池单体对泄压机构的阻挡，有利于保证泄压机构的正常运作和一致性。

Description

电池、用电装置及电池的制造方法和制造设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电池、用电装置及电池的制造方法和制造设备。
背景技术
近些年，新能源汽车有了飞跃式的发展，在电动汽车领域，动力电池作为电动汽车的动力源，起着不可替代的重要作用。随着新能源汽车的大力推广，对动力电池产品的需求也日益增长，其中，电池作为新能源汽车核心零部件不论在使用寿命或安全性方面等都有着较高的要求。电池是由多个电池单体组成，电池单体的热失控是威胁电池安全性能的重要因素之一，然而，现有技术中的电池在电池单体热失控时从电池单体的内部泄放的高温气体依旧会造成较大的安全隐患，从而不利于消费者的使用安全。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电池、用电装置及电池的制造方法和制造设备，能够有效降低电池在使用过程中存在的安全隐患。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池，包括电池单体、箱体、箱盖和泄压机构；所述箱体具有底壁；所述箱盖与所述箱体沿第一方向排布并共同限定出容纳空间，所述容纳空间用于容纳所述电池单体，沿所述第一方向，所述箱盖与所述底壁相对布置；所述泄压机构安装于所述底壁，所述泄压机构被配置为在所述容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放所述容纳空间内的压力；所述泄压机构与所述电池单体在垂直于所述第一方向的平面内的投影不重叠。
在上述技术方案中，通过将泄压机构安装于箱体的底壁上，使得容纳于容纳空间内的电池单体在出现热失控时产生的高温烟气能够通过设置于箱体的底壁上的泄压机构排出，也就是说，电池单体在出现热失控时产生的高温烟气能够从箱体的底部进行泄放，从而能够有效缓解高温烟气从箱体排出后直接冲击汽车车身或乘客的现象，以降低电池在使用过程中的安全隐患。此外，通过将泄压机构与电池单体设置为在垂直于第一方向的平面内的投影不重叠，以实现泄压机构与电池单体的错位布置，从而能够有效减少电池单体对泄压机构的阻挡，使得泄压机构能够稳定地在容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时泄放容纳空间内的压力，进而有利于保证泄压机构的正常运作和一致性，以提升这种结构的电池的使用安全性。
在一些实施例中，所述电池还包括排气件；所述排气件安装于所述底壁，并延伸至所述容纳空间内，所述排气件的内部形成有与所述容纳空间连通的排气通道，所述排气通道被配置为引导所述电池单体热失控产生的排放物经过所述泄压机构后排出所述箱体。
在上述技术方案中，底壁上安装有排气件，且排气件的内部形成有与容纳空间连通的排气通道，通过排气通道能够将容纳空间内的电池单体在热失控时产生的排放物引导至泄压机构，从而使得排气件能够对电池单体热失控产生的排放物起到引导作用，以便于泄压机构对容纳空间的内部压力进行泄放。
在一些实施例中，所述泄压机构安装于所述排气通道内。
在上述技术方案中，通过将泄压机构安装于排气件的排气通道内，以使排气件能够对泄压机构起到一定的保护作用，从而能够有效减少泄压机构在使用过程中受到外力出现损坏或出现磕碰的现象，以保证泄压机构的正常使用，且能够提升泄压机构的使用寿命，进而有利于提升电池的使用安全性。
在一些实施例中，沿所述第一方向，所述排气件具有将所述排放物排出所述箱体的排气端，所述排气端延伸至所述底壁背离所述箱盖的一侧。
在上述技术方案中，通过将排气件的排气端延伸出底壁背离箱盖的一侧，也就是说，将排 气件在第一方向上的一端穿出底壁，采用这种结构的电池一方面便于将排气件安装和固定于箱体上，另一方面便于电池单体热失控产生的排放物通过排气件的排气通道排出，有利于实现容纳空间内的排放物的定向排放。
在一些实施例中，所述电池还包括至少一个分隔体；所述至少一个分隔体被配置为将所述容纳空间分隔为多个腔室，所述腔室用于容纳所述电池单体，所述分隔体安装有所述排气件。
在上述技术方案中，通过在容纳空间内设置分隔体，使得分隔体能够将容纳空间分隔为用于容纳电池单体的多个腔室，且将排气件安装于分隔体上，以实现排气件位于容纳空间内的电池单体之间，从而能够减小排气件与电池单体之间的距离，进而能够有效缩短电池单体在热失控时产生的排放物的排放路径，有利于缓解排放物在容纳空间内弥漫的现象。
在一些实施例中，所述分隔体的内部形成有沿所述第一方向间隔排布且相互连通的多个导流通道，至少一个所述导流通道与所述容纳空间连通，所述导流通道与所述排气通道连通。
在上述技术方案中，通过在分隔体内设置相互连通的多个导流通道，且导流通道能够连通容纳空间和排气件的排气通道，从而使得电池单体热失控产生的排放物能够通过导流通道进入排气件的排气通道内，以通过泄压机构进行泄放，采用这种结构的电池通过导流通道能够对排放物起到导流作用的同时能够增加排放物的流动行程，进而能够对排放物起到一定的降温作用。
在一些实施例中，所述分隔体具有至少一个分隔部，沿所述第一方向，每相邻的两个所述导流通道之间设置有一个所述分隔部，所述分隔部上开设有第一通气孔，所述第一通气孔用于连通相连的两个所述导流通道；所述排气件沿所述第一方向延伸，所述排气件上开设有沿所述第一方向间隔排布的多个第二通气孔，所述第二通气孔用于连通所述导流通道和所述排气通道。
在上述技术方案中，分隔体设置有至少一个分隔部，通过分隔部能够将分隔体的内部分隔成多个导流通道，且排气件在其延伸方向上间隔布置有多个第二通气孔，以实现排气通道与导流通道的连通，从而采用这种结构的电池在通过导流通道对电池单体热失控产生的排放物进行导流的同时能够对排放物中的颗粒物起到沉淀的作业，以减少排放物中的颗粒物进入到排气通道内后堵塞排气通道或堵塞泄压机构的风险，进而有利于降低电池在使用过程中的安全隐患。
在一些实施例中，沿所述第一方向，所述分隔体面向所述箱盖的一侧开设有第三通气孔，所述第三通气孔用于连通所述容纳空间和多个所述导流通道中靠近所述箱盖的所述导流通道。
在上述技术方案中，通过在分隔体的顶部开设与多个导流通道中靠近箱盖的导流通道连通的第三通气孔，以使电池单体热失控产生的排放物能够从分隔体的顶部进入导流通道内，从而有利于缓解排放物在进入导流通道内时受到电池单体阻挡的现象，以便于排放物进入至导流通道内。
在一些实施例中，沿所述第一方向，所述排气件的两端分别连接有第一连接件和第二连接件，所述第一连接件抵靠于所述底壁背离所述箱盖的一侧，所述第二连接件抵靠于所述分隔体面向所述箱盖的一侧，所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件用于配合固定所述排气件。
在上述技术方案中，通过在排气件的两端分别连接第一连接件和第二连接件，且第一连接件和第二连接件分别抵靠于底壁背离箱盖的一侧和分隔体面向箱盖的一侧，也就是说，第一连接件和第二连接件在连接于排气件的两端后分别抵靠于底壁的外侧和分隔体的顶部，从而使得第一连接件和第二连接件能够配合将排气件紧固于分隔体上，以实现排气件的安装，这种结构简单，且便于实现。
在一些实施例中，沿所述第一方向，所述底壁背离所述箱盖的一侧开设有用于容纳所述第一连接件的容纳槽。
在上述技术方案中，通过在底壁背离箱盖的一侧设置用于容纳第一连接件的容纳槽，以使第一连接件能够容纳于容纳槽内，从而使得容纳槽一方面能够对第一连接件起到一定的限位作用，以减少第一连接件出现窜动而造成脱离的风险，另一方面能够对第一连接件起到一定的定位作用，进而在装配的过程中便于对第一连接件进行安装。
在一些实施例中，沿所述第一方向，所述第一连接件不超出所述底壁背离所述箱盖的一 侧。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第一连接件设置为沿第一方向不超出底壁背离箱盖的一侧，也就是说，第一连接件完全容纳于容纳槽内，从而采用这种结构能够对第一连接件起到较好的保护作用，以缓解第一连接件在使用过程中出现磨损或磕碰的现象。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种用电装置，包括上述的电池。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供一种电池的制造方法，包括：提供箱体，所述箱体具有底壁；提供箱盖；提供泄压机构；提供电池单体；将所述泄压机构安装于所述底壁；将所述电池单体安装于所述箱体内；将所述箱盖盖合于所述箱体，以使所述箱盖与所述箱体沿第一方向排布并共同限定出用于容纳所述电池单体的容纳空间；其中，所述泄压机构与所述电池单体在垂直于所述第一方向的平面内的投影不重叠，所述泄压机构被配置为在所述容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放所述容纳空间内的压力。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供一种电池的制造设备，包括第一提供装置、第二提供装置、第三提供装置、第四提供装置、第一组装装置、第二组装装置和第三组装装置；所述第一提供装置用于提供箱体，所述箱体具有底壁；所述第二提供装置用于提供箱盖；所述第三提供装置用于提供泄压机构；所述第四提供装置用于提供电池单体；所述第一组装装置用于将所述泄压机构安装于所述底壁；所述第二组装装置用于将所述电池单体安装于所述箱体内；所述第三组装装置用于将所述箱盖盖合于所述箱体，以使所述箱盖与所述箱体沿第一方向排布并共同限定出用于容纳所述电池单体的容纳空间；其中，所述泄压机构与所述电池单体在垂直于所述第一方向的平面内的投影不重叠，所述泄压机构被配置为在所述容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放所述容纳空间内的压力。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的结构爆炸图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的仰视图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的箱体的俯视图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的箱体与排气件的连接示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的排气件连接于箱体的剖面图；
图7为本申请又一些实施例提供的排气件连接于箱体的剖面图；
图8为本申请一些实施例提供的排气件的结构示意图；
图9为图6所示的分隔体的A处的局部放大图；
图10为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的制造方法的流程示意图；
图11为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的制造设备的示意性框图。
图标：1000-车辆；100-电池；10-电池单体；11-泄压件；20-箱体；21-底壁；211-第一区域；212-第二区域；213-安装孔；214-容纳槽；30-箱盖；40-泄压机构；50-排气件；51-排气通道；52-排气端；53-限位部；54-第二通气孔；60-分隔体；61-导流通道；62-分隔部；621-第一通气孔；63-第三通气孔；70-腔室；80-第一连接件；90-第二连接件；200-控制器；300-马达；X-第一方向；Y-第二方向；Z-第三方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体或多个电池模组的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括外壳、电极组件和电解液，外壳用于容纳电极组件和电解液。电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。
隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
近些年，新能源汽车有了飞跃式的发展，在电动汽车领域，动力电池作为电动汽车的动力 源，起着不可替代的重要作用。随着新能源汽车的大力推广，对动力电池产品的需求也日益增长，其中，电池作为新能源汽车核心零部件不论在使用寿命或安全性方面等都有着较高的要求。电池是由多个电池单体组成，电池单体的热失控是威胁电池安全性能的重要因素之一，特别是从电池单体的内部泄放的高温气体会造成电池的内部气压和温度升高，从而极容易引起电池出现起火爆炸等风险，以导致电池的使用安全受到了较大的威胁。
发明人发现，为了阻止电池的箱体内的电池单体在出现热失控时从电池单体的内部泄放的高温气体威胁到电池的使用安全，在现有技术中，通常在电池的箱体的箱盖上设置泄压机构，以使泄压机构能够在箱体内的高温气体的压力或温度达到阈值时对箱体内的高温气体进行泄放，以减少电池出现爆炸或自燃的现象。但是，在这种结构的电池中，设置于箱盖上的泄压机构在泄放箱体内的高温气体时会直接冲击具有这种电池的车辆的其他部件或乘客，从而对车辆造成损坏或威胁到乘客的使用安全，进而导致电池在使用过程中存在较大的安全隐患。
基于上述考虑，为了解决电池在后期使用过程中存在较大的安全隐患的问题，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种电池，包括电池单体、箱体、箱盖和泄压机构。箱体具有底壁，箱盖与箱体沿第一方向排布并共同限定出用于容纳电池单体的容纳空间，箱盖与底壁在第一方向上相对布置。泄压机构安装于底壁，泄压机构被配置为在容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放容纳空间内的压力，泄压机构与电池单体在垂直于第一方向的平面内的投影不重叠。
在这种结构的电池中，通过将泄压机构安装于箱体的底壁上，使得容纳于容纳空间内的电池单体在出现热失控时产生的高温烟气能够通过设置于箱体的底壁上的泄压机构排出，也就是说，电池单体在出现热失控时产生的高温烟气能够从箱体的底部进行泄放，从而能够有效缓解高温烟气从箱体排出后直接冲击汽车车身或乘客的现象，以降低电池在使用过程中的安全隐患。
此外，通过将泄压机构与电池单体设置为在垂直于第一方向的平面内的投影不重叠，以实现泄压机构与电池单体的错位布置，从而能够有效减少电池单体对泄压机构的阻挡，使得泄压机构能够稳定地在容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时泄放容纳空间内的压力，进而有利于保证泄压机构的正常运作和一致性，以提升这种结构的电池的使用安全性。
本申请实施例公开的电池可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池组成该用电装置的电源系统，这样，有利于缓解电池的电池单体在热失控时产生的高温烟气直接冲击汽车车身或乘客的现象，以提升电池的使用安全性。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电装置，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的结构爆炸图。电池100包括电池单体10、箱体20和箱盖30，箱盖30盖合于箱体20，箱体20和箱盖30共同限定出用于容纳电池单体10的容纳空间。
在电池100中，电池单体10可以是一个，也可以是多个。当电池100具有多个电池单体 10时，多个电池单体10之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体10中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体10之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体10构成的整体容纳于箱体20内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体10先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体20内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体10之间的电连接。
在图2中，电池单体10设置有泄压件11，泄压件11位于电池单体10的顶端，泄压件11用于在电池单体10的内部压力或温度达到预定值时泄放电池单体10内部的压力，即泄压件11用于在电池单体10出现热失控时泄放电池单体10内部的高温气体。泄压件11可以是诸如防爆阀、防爆片、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等部件。
其中，每个电池单体10可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体10可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图2，并请进一步参照图3和图4，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的仰视图，图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的箱体20的结构示意图。本申请提供了一种电池100，电池100包括电池单体10、箱体20、箱盖30和泄压机构40。箱体20具有底壁21。箱盖30与箱体20沿第一方向X排布并共同限定出容纳空间，容纳空间用于容纳电池单体10，沿第一方向X，箱盖30与底壁21相对布置。泄压机构40安装于底壁21，泄压机构40被配置为在容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放容纳空间内的压力。泄压机构40与电池单体10在垂直于第一方向X的平面内的投影不重叠。
其中，第一方向X为箱盖30盖合于箱体20后箱盖30与箱体20的布置方向。泄压机构40与电池单体10在垂直于第一方向X的平面内的投影不重叠，即泄压机构40和电池单体10在第一方向X上没有相互重叠的部分，也就是说，在图4中，箱体20的底壁21上形成有第一区域211和第二区域212(为了便于说明，在图4中可以看出，箱体20的底壁21作出有两条虚线，两条虚线之间即为第一区域211，两条虚线的两侧则为第二区域212)，第一区域211开设有用于安装泄压机构40的安装孔213，安装孔213贯穿箱体20的底壁21，以使泄压机构40能够泄放容纳空间的内部压力，第二区域212用于安装电池单体10。
示例性的，底壁21上形成的第一区域211为一个，第一区域211沿第二方向Y延伸，以使底壁21沿第三方向Z在第一区域211的两侧均形成有第二区域212，第一方向X、第二方向Y和第三方向Z两两相互垂直。第二方向Y为箱体20的宽度方向，第三方向Z为箱体20的长度方向。
在一些实施例中，泄压机构40可以为诸如防爆阀、防爆片、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等部件。
示例性的，安装于底壁21上的泄压机构40为三个，三个泄压机构40沿第二方向Y间隔布置，对应的，底壁21的第一区域211上开设有三个安装孔213。当然，在其他实施例中，安装于底壁21上的泄压机构40也可以为一个、两个、四个或五个等。
其中，箱体20为一侧开放的空心结构，箱盖30盖合于箱体20的一侧，以使箱体20和箱盖30共同限定出用于容纳电池单体10的容纳空间。在一些实施例中，箱体20还可以为其他结构，比如，箱体20包括箱体20和两个箱盖30，箱体20为相对的两侧均开放的空心结构，两个箱盖30分别盖合于箱体20的两侧，以使箱体20和两个箱盖30共同限定出用于容纳电池单体10的容纳空间。在这种实施例中，两个箱盖30中的一个箱盖30为用于安装箱体20的泄压机构40的底壁21。当然，箱体20和箱盖30形成的箱体20也可以是多种结构，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
通过将泄压机构40安装于箱体20的底壁21上，使得容纳于容纳空间内的电池单体10在出现热失控时产生的高温烟气能够通过设置于箱体20的底壁21上的泄压机构40排出，也就是说，电池单体10在出现热失控时产生的高温烟气能够从箱体20的底部进行泄放，从而能够有效缓解高温烟气从箱体20排出后直接冲击汽车车身或乘客的现象，以降低电池100在使用过程中的安全隐患。此外，通过将泄压机构40与电池单体10设置为在垂直于第一方向X的平面内的投影不重叠，以实现泄压机构40与电池单体10的错位布置，从而能够有效减少电池单体10对泄压机构40的阻挡，使得泄压机构40能够稳定地在容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时泄放容纳空间内的压 力，进而有利于保证泄压机构40的正常运作和一致性，以提升这种结构的电池100的使用安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图4，并请进一步参照图5和图6，图5为本申请一些实施例提供的箱体20与排气件50的连接示意图，图6为本申请一些实施例提供的排气件50连接于箱体20的剖面图。电池100还包括排气件50，排气件50安装于底壁21，并延伸至容纳空间内，排气件50的内部形成有与容纳空间连通的排气通道51，排气通道51被配置为引导电池单体10热失控产生的排放物经过泄压机构40后排出箱体20。
其中，排气件50沿第一方向X延伸，排气件50插设于底壁21的安装孔213内，且泄压机构40安装于排气件50上，以使排气件50能够将电池单体10热失控产生的排放物引导至泄压机构40进行泄放，示例性的，排放物为电池单体10在热失控时产生的高温烟气等。
底壁21上安装有排气件50，且排气件50的内部形成有与容纳空间连通的排气通道51，通过排气通道51能够将容纳空间内的电池单体10在热失控时产生的排放物引导至泄压机构40，从而使得排气件50能够对电池单体10热失控产生的排放物起到引导作用，以便于泄压机构40对容纳空间的内部压力进行泄放。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参见图6所示，泄压机构40安装于排气通道51内。
其中，泄压机构40安装于排气通道51内，且位于排气通道51在第一方向X上靠近底壁21的一端，以便于泄压机构40泄放容纳空间的内部压力。
示例性的，泄压机构40螺接于排气件50的排气通道51内。当然，在其他实施例中，泄压机构40也可以采用卡接或焊接等方式连接于排气件50。
在一些实施例中，泄压机构40的外周侧还可以套设有密封件，密封件位于泄压机构40和排气通道51的内壁之间，密封件用于密封泄压机构40和排气件50。
示例性的，密封件为套设于泄压机构40的外周侧的橡胶圈。
需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，参照图7，图7为本申请又一些实施例提供的排气件50连接于箱体20的剖面图。泄压机构40也可以连接于排气件50插设于安装孔213内的一端上，泄压机构40的部分插设于排气通道51内且螺接于排气通道51的内壁上，以使泄压机构40能够泄放容纳空间的内部压力。
通过将泄压机构40安装于排气件50的排气通道51内，以使排气件50能够对泄压机构40起到一定的保护作用，从而能够有效减少泄压机构40在使用过程中受到外力出现损坏或出现磕碰的现象，以保证泄压机构40的正常使用，且能够提升泄压机构40的使用寿命，进而有利于提升电池100的使用安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图6，并请进一步参照图8，图8为本申请一些实施例提供的排气件50的结构示意图。沿第一方向X，排气件50具有将排放物排出箱体20的排气端52，排气端52延伸至底壁21背离箱盖30的一侧。
在一些实施例中，排气端52具有限位部53，限位部53凸出于排气端52的外周侧，且限位部53为沿排气件50的周向延伸的环形结构，限位部53用于抵靠于底壁21背离箱盖30的一侧，以对排气件50起到限位作用，从而便于将排气件50安装于底壁21上。
通过将排气件50的排气端52延伸出底壁21背离箱盖30的一侧，也就是说，将排气件50在第一方向X上的一端穿出底壁21，采用这种结构的电池100一方面便于将排气件50安装和固定于箱体20上，另一方面便于电池单体10热失控产生的排放物通过排气件50的排气通道51排出，有利于实现容纳空间内的排放物的定向排放。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图4、图5和图6所示，电池100还包括至少一个分隔体60。至少一个分隔体60被配置为将容纳空间分隔为多个腔室70，腔室70用于容纳电池单体10，分隔体60安装有排气件50。
示例性的，分隔体60为一个，分隔体60安装于第一区域211，且分隔体60沿第二方向Y延伸，以在分隔体60沿第三方向Z上的两侧均形成用于容纳电池单体10的腔室70。在其他实施例中，分隔体60也可以为两个、三个或四个等，分隔体60的布置方式也可以为多种，多个分隔体60可以为沿第三方向Z间隔布置，多个分隔体60也可以为相互交叉布置，比如，两个分隔体60相互垂直布置，以将容纳腔分割为四个腔室70。
在一些实施例中，分隔体60的内部开设有沿第一方向X延伸的安装通道，安装通道与底壁21上的安装孔213对应设置，排气件50穿设于安装孔213和安装通道内，且排气件50在第一方向X上远离排气端52的一端延伸出分隔体60的面向箱盖30的一侧。
通过在容纳空间内设置分隔体60，使得分隔体60能够将容纳空间分隔为用于容纳电池单体10的多个腔室70，且将排气件50安装于分隔体60上，以实现排气件50位于容纳空间内的电池单体10之间，从而能够减小排气件50与电池单体10之间的距离，进而能够有效缩短电池单体10在热失控时产生的排放物的排放路径，有利于缓解排放物在容纳空间内弥漫的现象。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参见图5和图6所示，分隔体60的内部形成有沿第一方向X间隔排布且相互连通的多个导流通道61，至少一个导流通道61与容纳空间连通，导流通道61与排气通道51连通。
示例性的，分隔体60的内部形成有四个导流通道61，四个导流通道61沿第一方向X间隔排布。在其他实施例中，导流通道61的数量也可以为两个、三个或五个等。
通过在分隔体60内设置相互连通的多个导流通道61，且导流通道61能够连通容纳空间和排气件50的排气通道51，从而使得电池单体10热失控产生的排放物能够通过导流通道61进入排气件50的排气通道51内，以通过泄压机构40进行泄放，采用这种结构的电池100通过导流通道61能够对排放物起到导流作用的同时能够增加排放物的流动行程，进而能够对排放物起到一定的降温作用。
在一些实施例中，参照图6和图8，并请进一步参照图9，图9为图6所示的分隔体60的A处的局部放大图。分隔体60具有至少一个分隔部62，沿第一方向X，每相邻的两个导流通道61之间设置有一个分隔部62，分隔部62上开设有第一通气孔621，第一通气孔621用于连通相连的两个导流通道61。排气件50沿第一方向X延伸，排气件50上开设有沿第一方向X间隔排布的多个第二通气孔54，第二通气孔54用于连通导流通道61和排气通道51。
其中，排气件50对应每个导流通道61所在的位置均开设有第二通气孔54，以使排气件50的排气通道51能够与每个导流通道61均连通。
示例性的，每个分隔部62上均开设有多个第一通气孔621，以连通相邻的两个导流通道61。
分隔体60设置有至少一个分隔部62，通过分隔部62能够将分隔体60的内部分隔成多个导流通道61，且排气件50在其延伸方向上间隔布置有多个第二通气孔54，以实现排气通道51与导流通道61的连通，从而采用这种结构的电池100在通过导流通道61对电池单体10热失控产生的排放物进行导流的同时能够对排放物中的颗粒物起到沉淀的作业，以减少排放物中的颗粒物进入到排气通道51内后堵塞排气通道51或堵塞泄压机构40的风险，进而有利于降低电池100在使用过程中的安全隐患。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图6和图9所示，沿第一方向X，分隔体60面向箱盖30的一侧开设有第三通气孔63，第三通气孔63用于连通容纳空间和多个导流通道61中靠近箱盖30的导流通道61。
其中，分隔体60在第一方向X上面向箱盖30的一侧，即分隔体60的顶部开设有第三通气孔63，且第三通气孔63为多个，以使导流通道61能够与容纳空间的每个腔室70连通。
需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，第三通气孔63也可以开设于分隔体60面向腔室70的侧壁上，以实现导流通道61能够与容纳空间的每个腔室70连通。
通过在分隔体60的顶部开设与多个导流通道61中靠近箱盖30的导流通道61连通的第三通气孔63，以使电池单体10热失控产生的排放物能够从分隔体60的顶部进入导流通道61内，从而有利于缓解排放物在进入导流通道61内时受到电池单体10阻挡的现象，以便于排放物进入至导流通道61内。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请继续参见图6和图9所示，沿第一方向X，排气件50的两端分别连接有第一连接件80和第二连接件90，第一连接件80抵靠于底壁21背离箱盖30的一侧，第二连接件90抵靠于分隔体60面向箱盖30的一侧，第一连接件80和第二连接件90用于配合固定排气件50。
其中，第一连接件80抵靠于底壁21背离箱盖30的一侧，第二连接件90抵靠于分隔体60面向箱盖30的一侧，即第一连接件80位于底壁21的外侧，第二连接件90位于分隔体60的顶部。
示例性的，第一连接件80套设于排气件50的限位部53的外周侧，且螺接于限位部53，第二连接件90套设排气件50在第一方向X上远离限位部53的一端的外周侧，并螺接于排气件50，以实现第一连接件80和第二连接件90分别连接于排气件50的两端，从而使得第一连接件80和第二连接件90能够配合将排气件50锁紧在分隔体60上。当然，在其他实施例中，第一连接件80和第二连接件90也可以分别采用粘接、焊接或卡接等方式连接于排气件50的两端。
通过在排气件50的两端分别连接第一连接件80和第二连接件90，且第一连接件80和第二连接件90分别抵靠于底壁21背离箱盖30的一侧和分隔体60面向箱盖30的一侧，也就是说，第一连接件80和第二连接件90在连接于排气件50的两端后分别抵靠于底壁21的外侧和分隔体60的顶部，从而使得第一连接件80和第二连接件90能够配合将排气件50紧固于分隔体60上，以实现排气件50的安装，这种结构简单，且便于实现。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图6所示，沿第一方向X，底壁21背离箱盖30的一侧开设有用于容纳第一连接件80的容纳槽214。
通过在底壁21背离箱盖30的一侧设置用于容纳第一连接件80的容纳槽214，以使第一连接件80能够容纳于容纳槽214内，从而使得容纳槽214一方面能够对第一连接件80起到一定的限位作用，以减少第一连接件80出现窜动而造成脱离的风险，另一方面能够对第一连接件80起到一定的定位作用，进而在装配的过程中便于对第一连接件80进行安装。
在一些实施例中，沿第一方向X，第一连接件80不超出底壁21背离箱盖30的一侧。
其中，第一连接件80不超出底壁21背离箱盖30的一侧，即第一连接件80完全容纳于容纳槽214内，且抵靠于容纳槽214的槽底壁21上。
通过将第一连接件80设置为沿第一方向X不超出底壁21背离箱盖30的一侧，从而采用这种结构能够对第一连接件80起到较好的保护作用，以缓解第一连接件80在使用过程中出现磨损或磕碰的现象。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，包括以上任一方案的电池100，并且电池100用于为用电装置提供电能。
用电装置可以是前述任一应用电池100的设备或系统。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参见图2-图6以及图8-图9所示，本申请提供了一种电池100，包括电池单体10、箱体20、箱盖30、泄压机构40、排气件50和分隔体60。箱体20具有底壁21，底壁21上形成沿第一方向X互不重叠的第一区域211和第二区域212。箱盖30与箱体20沿第一方向X排布并共同限定出用于容纳电池单体10的容纳空间，且箱盖30沿第一方向X与底壁21相对布置。分隔体60安装于第一区域211，且分隔体60沿第二方向Y延伸，以将容纳腔分隔成两个用于容纳电池单体10的腔室70，分隔体60的内部设置有多个分隔部62，多个分隔部62沿第一方向X间隔排布，以将分隔体60的内部分隔成沿第一方向X依次排布的多个导流通道61，且分隔部62上开设有连通相连的两个导流通道61的第一通气孔621，分隔体60面向箱盖30的一侧开设有连通导流通道61的第三通气孔63。排气件50穿设于分隔体60内，排气件50的两端分别延 伸出底壁21背离箱盖30的一侧和分隔体60面向箱盖30的一侧，排气件50的内部形成有沿第一方向X延伸且与容纳空间连通的排气通道51，排气件50上开设有沿第一方向X间隔排布的多个第二通气孔54，第二通气孔54用于连通导流通道61和排气通道51，且排气件50的两端分别连接有第一连接件80和第二连接件90，第一连接件80抵靠于底壁21背离箱盖30的一侧，第二连接件90抵靠于分隔体60面向箱盖30的一侧，第一连接件80和第二连接件90用于配合固定排气件50。泄压机构40设置于排气通道51内，泄压机构40被配置为在容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放容纳空间内的压力。
本申请实施例还提供一种电池100的制造方法，请参照图10，图10为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的制造方法的流程示意图。该制造方法包括：
S100：提供箱体20，箱体20具有底壁21；
S200：提供箱盖30；
S300：提供泄压机构40；
S400：提供电池单体10；
S500：将泄压机构40安装于底壁21；
S600：将电池单体10安装于箱体20内；
S700：将箱盖30盖合于箱体20，以使箱盖30与箱体20沿第一方向X排布并共同限定出用于容纳电池单体10的容纳空间；
其中，泄压机构40与电池单体10在垂直于第一方向X的平面内的投影不重叠，泄压机构40被配置为在容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放容纳空间内的压力。
需要说明的是，通过上述各实施例提供的制造方法制造的电池100的相关结构，可参见前述各实施例提供的电池100，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种电池100的制造设备，请参照图11，图11为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的制造设备的示意性框图。制造设备包括第一提供装置、第二提供装置、第三提供装置、第四提供装置、第一组装装置、第二组装装置和第三组装装置。
第一提供装置用于提供箱体20，箱体20具有底壁21。第二提供装置用于提供箱盖30。第三提供装置用于提供泄压机构40。第四提供装置用于提供电池单体10。第一组装装置用于将泄压机构40安装于底壁21。第二组装装置用于将电池单体10安装于箱体20内。第三组装装置用于将箱盖30盖合于箱体20，以使箱盖30与箱体20沿第一方向X排布并共同限定出用于容纳电池单体10的容纳空间。
其中，泄压机构40与电池单体10在垂直于第一方向X的平面内的投影不重叠，泄压机构40被配置为在容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放容纳空间内的压力。
需要说明的是，通过上述实施例提供的制造设备制造的电池100的相关结构，可参见前述各实施例提供的电池100，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电池，包括：
    电池单体；
    箱体，所述箱体具有底壁；
    箱盖，所述箱盖与所述箱体沿第一方向排布并共同限定出容纳空间，所述容纳空间用于容纳所述电池单体，沿所述第一方向，所述箱盖与所述底壁相对布置；以及
    泄压机构，所述泄压机构安装于所述底壁，所述泄压机构被配置为在所述容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放所述容纳空间内的压力；
    其中，所述泄压机构与所述电池单体在垂直于所述第一方向的平面内的投影不重叠。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述电池还包括：
    排气件，所述排气件安装于所述底壁，并延伸至所述容纳空间内，所述排气件的内部形成有与所述容纳空间连通的排气通道，所述排气通道被配置为引导所述电池单体热失控产生的排放物经过所述泄压机构后排出所述箱体。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其中，所述泄压机构安装于所述排气通道内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池，其中，沿所述第一方向，所述排气件具有将所述排放物排出所述箱体的排气端，所述排气端延伸至所述底壁背离所述箱盖的一侧。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的电池，其中，所述电池还包括：
    至少一个分隔体，所述至少一个分隔体被配置为将所述容纳空间分隔为多个腔室，所述腔室用于容纳所述电池单体，所述分隔体安装有所述排气件。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池，其中，所述分隔体的内部形成有沿所述第一方向间隔排布且相互连通的多个导流通道，至少一个所述导流通道与所述容纳空间连通，所述导流通道与所述排气通道连通。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池，其中，所述分隔体具有至少一个分隔部，沿所述第一方向，每相邻的两个所述导流通道之间设置有一个所述分隔部，所述分隔部上开设有第一通气孔，所述第一通气孔用于连通相连的两个所述导流通道；
    所述排气件沿所述第一方向延伸，所述排气件上开设有沿所述第一方向间隔排布的多个第二通气孔，所述第二通气孔用于连通所述导流通道和所述排气通道。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的电池，其中，沿所述第一方向，所述分隔体面向所述箱盖的一侧开设有第三通气孔，所述第三通气孔用于连通所述容纳空间和多个所述导流通道中靠近所述箱盖的所述导流通道。
  9. 根据权利要求5-8任一项所述的电池，其中，沿所述第一方向，所述排气件的两端分别连接有第一连接件和第二连接件，所述第一连接件抵靠于所述底壁背离所述箱盖的一侧，所述第二连接件抵靠于所述分隔体面向所述箱盖的一侧，所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件用于配合固定所述排气件。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池，其中，沿所述第一方向，所述底壁背离所述箱盖的一侧开设有用于容纳所述第一连接件的容纳槽。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池，其中，沿所述第一方向，所述第一连接件不超出所述底壁背离所述箱盖的一侧。
  12. 一种用电装置，包括根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池。
  13. 一种电池的制造方法，包括：
    提供箱体，所述箱体具有底壁；
    提供箱盖；
    提供泄压机构；
    提供电池单体；
    将所述泄压机构安装于所述底壁；
    将所述电池单体安装于所述箱体内；
    将所述箱盖盖合于所述箱体，以使所述箱盖与所述箱体沿第一方向排布并共同限定出用于容纳所述电池单体的容纳空间；
    其中，所述泄压机构与所述电池单体在垂直于所述第一方向的平面内的投影不重叠，所述泄压机构被配置为在所述容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放所述容纳空间内的压力。
  14. 一种电池的制造设备，包括：
    第一提供装置，所述第一提供装置用于提供箱体，所述箱体具有底壁；
    第二提供装置，所述第二提供装置用于提供箱盖；
    第三提供装置，所述第三提供装置用于提供泄压机构；
    第四提供装置，所述第四提供装置用于提供电池单体；
    第一组装装置，所述第一组装装置用于将所述泄压机构安装于所述底壁；
    第二组装装置，所述第二组装装置用于将所述电池单体安装于所述箱体内；以及
    第三组装装置，所述第三组装装置用于将所述箱盖盖合于所述箱体，以使所述箱盖与所述箱体沿第一方向排布并共同限定出用于容纳所述电池单体的容纳空间；
    其中，所述泄压机构与所述电池单体在垂直于所述第一方向的平面内的投影不重叠，所述泄压机构被配置为在所述容纳空间内的压力或温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放所述容纳空间内的压力。
PCT/CN2022/074308 2022-01-27 2022-01-27 电池、用电装置及电池的制造方法和制造设备 WO2023141878A1 (zh)

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