WO2023136325A1 - Système de changement de batterie, procédé de changement de batterie et dispositif de gestion - Google Patents

Système de changement de batterie, procédé de changement de batterie et dispositif de gestion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023136325A1
WO2023136325A1 PCT/JP2023/000800 JP2023000800W WO2023136325A1 WO 2023136325 A1 WO2023136325 A1 WO 2023136325A1 JP 2023000800 W JP2023000800 W JP 2023000800W WO 2023136325 A1 WO2023136325 A1 WO 2023136325A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
user
usage
unit
deterioration
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PCT/JP2023/000800
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
由希子 尾上
由騎 冨永
翼 内田
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本田技研工業株式会社
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Publication of WO2023136325A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023136325A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/371—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with remote indication, e.g. on external chargers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
    • G16Y10/00—Economic sectors
    • G16Y10/40—Transportation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
    • G16Y20/00—Information sensed or collected by the things
    • G16Y20/20—Information sensed or collected by the things relating to the thing itself
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
    • G16Y40/00—IoT characterised by the purpose of the information processing
    • G16Y40/30—Control
    • G16Y40/35—Management of things, i.e. controlling in accordance with a policy or in order to achieve specified objectives
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery exchange system, a battery exchange method, and a management device.
  • This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-003726 filed in Japan on January 13, 2022, the content of which is incorporated herein.
  • Patent Document 1 a user's attribute is set based on the degree of deterioration of the battery according to past battery usage, and the user's attribute is set based on the deterioration state of the battery distributed in the market and the future production plan of the battery. It is described that whether the battery to be lent out is a battery with advanced deterioration or a battery with not advanced deterioration according to the condition.
  • a battery exchange system, a battery exchange method, and a management device employ the following configurations.
  • a battery exchange system is a battery exchange system comprising a station device and a management device, wherein the station device exchanges a battery used by the user by authenticating the user;
  • a management unit that manages user information including a usage tendency of the battery by the user and a usage tendency related to deterioration of the battery, and an output device to control the user's usage tendency of the battery by the user and the management device including a notification control unit that notifies the.
  • the aspect of (1) above further includes a user terminal device used by the user, wherein the user terminal device includes a notification receiving unit for receiving a notification of the user's usage tendency of the battery; a display control unit configured to display the position of the station device and the usage tendency notified about the user in advance on the display unit when the position of the station device is displayed on the display unit.
  • the user terminal device includes a notification receiving unit for receiving a notification of the user's usage tendency of the battery; a display control unit configured to display the position of the station device and the usage tendency notified about the user in advance on the display unit when the position of the station device is displayed on the display unit.
  • the user terminal device further comprises a request unit for requesting the management device to correct the usage tendency of the user notified from the management device, wherein the management unit , to modify the usage tendency of the user in response to receiving the modification request.
  • the station device further includes a station display unit that displays predetermined information, and the station display unit receives the notification from the notification control unit.
  • the usage tendency of the battery by the user is displayed after the user is authenticated until the battery is lent to the user.
  • the management device may notify the user of the first usage tendency, which is the most recent one, among the usage trends notified to the user by the notification control unit.
  • a usage trend is compared with a second usage trend notified prior to the first usage trend, and the degree of divergence between the first usage trend and the second usage trend is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
  • the management device receives the most recent one of the usage trends notified to the user by the notification control unit. Comparing a usage trend with a second usage trend that was notified prior to the first usage trend, and if the first usage trend and the second usage trend differ, indicating to the user
  • the station device is instructed to record output limit information for limiting the output of the battery or charge limit information for limiting the charge amount of the battery in the storage unit of the battery. It further comprises an instructing usage restriction unit.
  • a battery replacement method is a battery replacement system comprising a station device and a management device, wherein the station device authenticates a user to replace the battery used by the user, and A management device manages user information including a usage tendency of the battery by the user and a usage tendency related to deterioration of the battery, and the management device controls an output device to provide the user with a The usage tendency of the battery is notified.
  • a management device is a management device in a battery exchange system including the station device that exchanges a battery used by the user by authenticating the user, wherein and a notification control unit that controls an output device to notify the user of the user's usage tendency of the battery.
  • the management device detects the usage tendency of the battery by the user. and manages user information including usage trends related to deterioration of the battery, and the management device controls an output device to notify the user of the usage trends of the battery by the user. It is possible to more appropriately control the deterioration state of the distributed battery.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a life cycle of a removable battery; It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of a removable battery. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of an electric motorcycle. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of a battery station apparatus. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of a loan management part. It is a figure which shows an example of the system configuration
  • FIG. 4 is a first diagram showing an example of a display mode of user attributes;
  • FIG. 11 is a second diagram showing an example of a display mode of user attributes;
  • FIG. 10 is a first diagram showing an example of a notification mode of user attributes;
  • FIG. 11 is a second diagram illustrating an example of a user attribute notification mode;
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a battery exchange system 1 according to this embodiment.
  • the battery exchange system 1 includes a removable battery 100 (hereinafter referred to as “battery 100 ”), an electric motorcycle 200 , a battery station device 300 , a management device 400 and a user terminal device 500 .
  • Battery 100 is a battery that is lent to user U and used as a power source for electric motorcycle 200 .
  • the electric motorcycle 200 is an example of an application in which the user U uses the battery 100, and is driven using the battery 100 as a power source.
  • the battery station device 300 holds one or more (sometimes referred to as one or more) batteries 100 .
  • the battery station device 300 is a device that collects or lends out the battery 100 according to the user U's request.
  • the battery station device 300 charges the collected battery 100 and lends out the charged battery 100 .
  • the management device 400 is a server that manages various types of information regarding rental of the battery 100 in the battery exchange system 1 .
  • the user terminal device 500 is an information communication terminal used by the user U when using the battery station device 300 .
  • the battery exchange system 1 may include one or more battery station devices 300 .
  • Management device 400 can communicate with battery station device 300 and user terminal device 500 of user U via communication network NW.
  • User terminal device 500 can communicate with battery station device 300 and management device 400 via communication network NW.
  • the battery exchange system 1 may provide one or more batteries 100 to each of one or more users U.
  • the user U uses the user terminal device 500 to request the management device 400 to lend out the battery 100 held in a specific battery station device 300 .
  • Battery station device 300 and management device 400 execute processing for lending battery 100 to user U in response to the lending request.
  • the manager (not shown) of the battery 100 collects the battery 100 that has deteriorated from the battery station device 300 and introduces a new battery 100 into the battery station device 300 . Thereby, the distribution of the battery 100 can be managed so that the battery 100 having appropriate charge/discharge performance is distributed. Note that the form of provision of the battery 100 is not limited to rental.
  • the communication network NW may be a wired communication transmission line, a wireless communication transmission line, or a combination of a wireless communication transmission line and a wired communication transmission line.
  • the communication network NW may include a wireless packet communication network, the Internet, a P2P network, a dedicated line, a VPN, a power line communication line, a vehicle-to-vehicle communication line, a road-to-vehicle communication line, and the like.
  • the communication network NW may include (i) a mobile communication network such as a mobile phone network, (ii) a wireless MAN (eg, WiMAX (registered trademark)), a wireless LAN (eg, Wi-Fi ( (registered trademark)), Bluetooth (registered trademark), Zigbee (registered trademark), NFC (Near Field Communication), and other wireless communication networks.
  • a mobile communication network such as a mobile phone network
  • a wireless MAN eg, WiMAX (registered trademark)
  • a wireless LAN eg, Wi-Fi ( (registered trademark)
  • Bluetooth registered trademark
  • Zigbee registered trademark
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • the battery 100 is a battery device detachably mounted on the electric motorcycle 200 .
  • the battery 100 supplies electric power to the electric motorcycle 200 mounted thereon.
  • Battery 100 is charged by battery station device 300 .
  • the user U requests the management device 400 to lend the battery 100 held in a specific battery station device 300 .
  • the user U arrives at the battery station device 300 , the user U removes the battery 100 from the electric motorcycle 200 and returns the removed battery 100 to the return space provided in the battery station device 300 .
  • the battery station device 300 prepares for the next use of the battery 100 by charging the returned battery 100 at an appropriate time.
  • the electric motorcycle 200 consumes power supplied by the battery 100 . More specifically, electric motorcycle 200 moves using power supplied by battery 100 . If battery 100 has a storage device, electric motorcycle 200 may store at least one of the travel history and operation history of electric motorcycle 200 in the storage device.
  • the battery station device 300 holds one or more batteries 100 .
  • the battery station device 300 charges each of the one or more batteries 100 .
  • the battery station device 300 acquires policy-related information from the management device 400 .
  • the policy is that when the battery 100 is provided to the user U, the battery station device 300 determines the battery 100 to be preferentially provided to the user U from among the plurality of batteries 100 held by the battery station device 300. It is a judgment criterion.
  • the battery station device 300 executes the lending process of the battery 100 in response to a request from the user U. FIG. For example, user U authentication processing, battery 100 dispensing processing, and the like are executed. In the lending process, the battery station device 300 selects, from among the plurality of batteries 100 it owns, the number of batteries 100 that matches the number requested by the user U as lending objects, according to the above policy.
  • the management device 400 manages usage of each of the one or more batteries 100 .
  • each of the one or more batteries 100 is in a lending state (for example, lendable, not lendable, on loan, etc.) and an operating state (for example, charging, discharging, waiting, etc.). ), charge state (for example, current SOC), storage state (for example, temperature, humidity, etc.), deterioration state, and the like.
  • the management device 400 determines a policy when the battery station device 300 provides the battery 100 to the user U. FIG.
  • the user terminal device 500 functions as an interface between the battery exchange system 1 and the user U.
  • the user terminal device 500 transmits various requests to the management device 400 based on user U's input. Examples of the above requests include a search request for searching for a battery station device 300 that meets specific conditions, a reservation request for reserving an arbitrary or specific battery 100 stored in a specific battery station device 300, and the like. exemplified.
  • the user terminal device 500 outputs the information received from the management device 400 .
  • the mode of information output is not limited to a specific mode.
  • the user terminal device 500 may output images and may output sounds.
  • the user terminal device 500 may be any information processing terminal capable of communicating with the battery station device 300 and the management device 400 via the communication network NW, and the details thereof are not particularly limited.
  • the user terminal device 500 may be a personal computer, or a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, smart phone, PDA, tablet, notebook or laptop computer, or wearable computer.
  • the battery station device 300 determines the battery 100 to be provided to the user U according to the attribute of the user U (hereinafter referred to as "user attribute").
  • the user attribute of the user U may be an attribute related to how the battery 100 is used.
  • the user attribute related to the manner of use of the battery 100 may be the tendency of the user U to use the battery 100 .
  • the usage tendency of the battery 100 by the user U may be the progress of deterioration of the battery 100 due to the user U's past usage. Examples of how the deterioration progresses include (i) the amount of deterioration in a period having a predetermined length, and (ii) the speed at which deterioration progresses. Examples of the amount of deterioration include the amount of decrease in full charge capacity and the amount of increase in internal resistance. Examples of the rate of progress of deterioration include the rate of decrease in full charge capacity and the rate of increase in internal resistance.
  • the battery station device 300 determines the battery 100 to be provided to the user U from among the plurality of batteries 100 held by the battery station device 300 based on the user U's user attributes. For example, the battery station device 300 determines the battery 100 to be provided to the user U based on the user's U user attribute and the state of deterioration of the battery 100 .
  • the battery station device 300 may decide to provide a relatively deteriorated battery 100 to a user U whose deterioration rate of the battery 100 is relatively high.
  • the battery station apparatus 300 may decide to provide the battery 100 whose deterioration is relatively slow to the user U whose deterioration rate of the battery 100 is relatively low. This increases the number of batteries 100 collected in a specific period.
  • the battery station apparatus 300 may decide to provide the battery 100 whose deterioration is relatively slow to the user U whose deterioration rate of the battery 100 is relatively high.
  • the battery station device 300 may decide to provide the battery 100 with relatively advanced deterioration to the user U whose deterioration rate of the battery 100 is relatively low. This reduces the number of batteries 100 collected in a particular period.
  • Battery station device 300 determines which battery 100 is preferentially provided to user U based on the policy determined by management device 400 .
  • policies include a policy for increasing the number of collected batteries 100, a policy for decreasing the number of collected batteries 100, and a policy for prioritizing the charging efficiency of the batteries 100 over adjustment of deterioration of the batteries 100. be done.
  • the management device 400 transmits to the battery station device 300 a policy indicating that the collection quantity of the batteries 100 is to be increased.
  • the battery station device 300 may decide to preferentially rent out the battery 100 whose deterioration is relatively progressing. Further, the battery station device 300 may decide to preferentially lend the battery 100 whose deterioration is relatively progressing to the user U who uses the battery 100 in a manner that accelerates the deterioration of the battery 100 .
  • the time when the deterioration state of battery 100, whose deterioration is relatively progressing, reaches a predetermined threshold value (sometimes referred to as a recovery criterion) can be hastened.
  • a predetermined threshold value sometimes referred to as a recovery criterion
  • the management device 400 collects the number of batteries 100 to the battery station device 300.
  • the battery station device 300 decides to lend out the batteries 100 other than the batteries 100 whose deterioration is relatively progressing on a priority basis.
  • lending of the battery 100 whose deterioration is relatively progressing is suppressed.
  • the battery station device 300 may decide to preferentially lend the battery 100 whose deterioration is relatively progressing to the user U who uses the battery 100 in a manner that suppresses the deterioration of the battery 100 .
  • the number of batteries 100 collected in a particular period decreases.
  • the number of batteries 100 to be collected can be adjusted according to the production quantity or inventory quantity of the batteries 100 . Since it is technically or economically difficult to rapidly increase or decrease the production quantity of the batteries 100, the stock of the batteries 100 is generally kept relatively large to cope with the increase or decrease in the collection quantity of the batteries 100. can be considered. In contrast, according to the present embodiment, when the production quantity or the inventory quantity of the batteries 100 decreases, the batteries 100 are rented out so that the progress of deterioration of the batteries 100 that are relatively progressing in deterioration is suppressed. is adjusted.
  • the rental of the battery 100 is adjusted so that the progress of deterioration of the battery 100, which is relatively deteriorated, is accelerated. As a result, the inventory quantity of batteries 100 can be maintained at a relatively low level.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the life cycle of the battery 100.
  • FIG. A plurality of batteries 100 are distributed in the market.
  • a commercially available battery 100 gradually deteriorates while being charged by the battery station device 300 or being used in the electric motorcycle 200 .
  • the battery 100A whose deterioration state has reached the recovery standard is recovered from the market and then used for secondary use or recycled.
  • batteries 100A whose deterioration state reaches the collection standard are collected from the market and the quantity of batteries 100 distributed in the market decreases, batteries 100B or inventory 100C of batteries 100 produced in a predetermined period are replenished.
  • the battery 100 to be lent to the user U can be determined based on the user attribute of the user U regarding the mode of use of the battery 100. Therefore, the production quantity of the battery 100 or The collection quantity of the batteries 100 can be adjusted according to the inventory quantity. As a result, for example, the occurrence of significant inventory shortages can be suppressed, and the increase in storage costs associated with an increase in surplus inventory can be suppressed. Also, the amount of computer calculation used for production control or inventory control can be reduced. Furthermore, deterioration of battery 100 due to prolonged inventory period can be suppressed.
  • the tendency of usage of the battery 100 by the same user U is not always the same. Therefore, in order to control the degree of deterioration of the batteries 100 distributed in the market, it is necessary to allow the user U to use the battery 100 in accordance with the presumed usage tendency, or to use the battery 100 in a manner contrary to the presupposed usage tendency.
  • the battery exchange system 1 of the present embodiment in addition to determining the battery 100 to be lent to the user U based on the user attributes of the user U, the user U is alerted to how to use the battery 100, and the battery 100 In order to control the degree of deterioration of the battery 100, the use of the battery 100 by the user U is restricted as necessary.
  • the configuration of the battery exchange system 1 that implements such functions will be described in more detail below.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of battery 100.
  • Battery 100 includes, for example, power storage unit 120 , BMU 130 , and connection unit 140 .
  • BMU 130 includes, for example, measurement sensor 131 and storage unit 132 .
  • the power storage unit 120 is, for example, an assembled battery in which a plurality of cells are connected in series.
  • a single battery that constitutes the power storage unit 120 is a secondary battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, such as a lithium-ion battery (LIB), a nickel-metal hydride battery, or an all-solid-state battery.
  • LIB lithium-ion battery
  • a nickel-metal hydride battery or an all-solid-state battery.
  • the secondary battery that constitutes power storage unit 120 for example, in addition to a lead-acid battery and a sodium ion battery, a capacitor such as an electric double layer capacitor, or a composite battery that combines a secondary battery and a capacitor can be considered.
  • the configuration of the secondary battery that constitutes power storage unit 120 is not particularly limited.
  • BMU 130 performs control of charging and discharging of power storage unit 120, cell balancing, detection of abnormality in power storage unit 120, derivation of cell temperature of power storage unit 120, derivation of charge/discharge current of power storage unit 120, estimation of SOC of power storage unit 120, and the like. I do.
  • BMU 130 causes storage unit 132 to store the measurement result of measurement sensor 131 and the abnormality or failure of power storage unit 120 grasped based on the measurement result as battery state information.
  • Measurement sensor 131 is a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, or the like for measuring the state of charge of power storage unit 120 .
  • the measurement sensor 131 outputs measurement results such as measured voltage, current, and temperature to the BMU 130 .
  • a battery 100 that is not electrically operating may be defined as a battery 100 for which a predetermined period of time or more has elapsed since the previous operation end time.
  • a battery 100 other than the battery 100 defined as such may be defined as an electrically operating battery 100 .
  • the electrically operating state may be defined as, for example, either the state in which the battery 100 is charged or the state in which the battery 100 is discharged.
  • the BUM 130 may record, in the storage unit 132, information that associates measured values with measurement times as the measurement results of the measurement sensor 131, or stores information that associates measured values with measurement frequencies (a so-called histogram). You may record in the memory
  • the storage unit 132 includes non-volatile storage devices such as HDDs (Hard Disk Drives), SSDs (Solid State Drives), and flash memories. Storage unit 132 stores the battery state information described above. Storage unit 132 may store identification information (battery ID) assigned to battery 100 . Connecting portion 140 is electrically connected to battery connecting portion 210 of electric motorcycle 200 when battery 100 is attached to electric motorcycle 200 . In this state, the battery 100 supplies the electric power stored in the power storage unit 120 to the electric motor of the electric motorcycle 200 .
  • HDDs Hard Disk Drives
  • SSDs Solid State Drives
  • flash memories storage unit 132 stores the battery state information described above.
  • Storage unit 132 may store identification information (battery ID) assigned to battery 100 .
  • Connecting portion 140 is electrically connected to battery connecting portion 210 of electric motorcycle 200 when battery 100 is attached to electric motorcycle 200 . In this state, the battery 100 supplies the electric power stored in the power storage unit 120 to the electric motor of the electric motorcycle 200 .
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the electric motorcycle 200.
  • Electric motorcycle 200 runs with the driving force of an electric motor that is driven by electric power supplied from battery 100 .
  • the electric motorcycle 200 may be a hybrid electric vehicle that travels with a driving force obtained by combining the battery 100 and an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine or a gasoline engine.
  • the electric motorcycle 200 includes, for example, a battery connection section 210, a vehicle control section 220, a driving force output device 230, a vehicle sensor 18, an HMI (Human Machine Interface) 20, and a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver. 22 and.
  • HMI Human Machine Interface
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • the battery connection part 210 is electrically connected to the battery 100 when the battery 100 is attached to the electric motorcycle 200 .
  • Battery connection unit 210 includes a connection terminal for a power line that receives power from battery 100, a connection terminal for a communication line that performs data communication between battery 100 and vehicle control unit 220, and the like.
  • the vehicle control unit 220 acquires measurement results from the vehicle sensor 18, acquires various information (for example, SOC, DOD, etc.) related to the power storage unit 120 from the BMU (Battery Management Unit) 110 included in the battery 100, and acquires the GNSS receiver 22 The position of the electric motorcycle 200 is acquired from the . Vehicle control unit 220 controls driving force output device 230 based on the acquired data. The vehicle control section 220 may transmit the position information of the electric motorcycle 200 acquired from the GNSS receiver 22 to the battery 100 via the battery connection section 210 .
  • various information for example, SOC, DOD, etc.
  • Vehicle control unit 220 also acquires information (hereinafter referred to as “restriction information”) regarding usage restrictions of battery 100 from battery 100 attached to electric motorcycle 200, and controls use of battery 100 based on the restriction information. It has the function of restricting. Restrictions on the use of battery 100 will be described later.
  • the driving force output device 230 includes, for example, an electric motor, an inverter, and an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) that controls the inverter.
  • the ECU controls the electric power supplied from the battery 100 to the electric motor, for example, by controlling the inverter.
  • Vehicle sensors 18 include a speed sensor, an acceleration sensor, a rotational speed sensor, an odometer, and various other sensors mounted on electric motorcycle 200 . Vehicle sensor 18 outputs the measurement result to vehicle control unit 220 .
  • the HMI 20 outputs various types of information to the user of the electric motorcycle 200 and accepts input operations by the user.
  • the HMI 20 includes, for example, various display devices such as a HUD (Head Up Display) and a meter display (a touch panel may be used), a speaker, and the like.
  • the GNSS receiver 22 measures the position of the electric motorcycle 200, for example, based on radio waves coming from GNSS satellites (GPS (Global Positioning System) satellites, etc.).
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the battery station device 300.
  • the battery station device 300 includes an operation section 301 , one or more charging units 320 and a control section 340 .
  • Each of the one or more charging units 320 includes a battery compartment 322 , a metering device 324 and a charging circuit 326 .
  • the operation unit 301 is an input interface for operating the battery station device 300 .
  • the operation unit 301 includes, for example, a display device such as a touch panel or a liquid crystal display, and an input device such as a trackball, switches, and buttons.
  • the operation unit 301 outputs information on the input operation to the control unit 340 and displays information output by the control unit 340 .
  • the charging unit 320 charges the battery 100 .
  • a single charging unit 320 may charge a single battery 100 , and a single charging unit 320 may charge multiple batteries 100 .
  • Battery housing chamber 322 houses battery 100 .
  • the measuring device 324 measures various physical quantities related to the battery 100 housed in the battery housing chamber 322 . For example, the measuring device 324 measures the voltage of the battery 100 described above. Measuring device 324 may measure at least one of the charging current and discharging current of battery 100 described above.
  • Charging circuit 326 supplies power to battery 100 to charge battery 100 .
  • the control unit 340 controls the operation of the battery station device 300.
  • the control unit 340 may control the operation of the battery station device 300 using information acquired from the management device 400, or control the operation of the battery station device 300 based on instructions from the management device 400.
  • You may
  • the control unit 340 includes, for example, a communication control unit 342, a charge/discharge control unit 344, a rental management unit 346, and a storage unit 348.
  • the communication control unit 342 controls communication between the battery station device 300 and external devices. At least one of the battery 100, the management device 400, and the user terminal device 500 is exemplified as the external device.
  • the communication control section 342 may be a communication interface.
  • the communication control unit 342 may be compatible with one or more types of communication methods.
  • the charging/discharging control section 344 controls charging/discharging of the battery 100 by each of the one or more charging units 320 .
  • the charge/discharge control unit 344 controls charging of the battery 100 by controlling the charging circuit 326 .
  • the charge/discharge control unit 344 may control discharge of the battery 100 by controlling a discharge circuit (not shown).
  • the charge/discharge control unit 344 controls, for example, the timing to start charging or discharging the one or more batteries 100, the timing to end the charging or discharging, the charging speed or the discharging speed, and the like.
  • the charging/discharging control section 344 may control the charging operation of at least part of the one or more charging units 320 according to instructions from the rental management section 346 .
  • the rental management unit 346 manages rental of the battery 100 in the battery station device 300 .
  • the lending management unit 346 reserves the battery 100 so that the battery 100 is rented according to information (sometimes referred to as reservation information) regarding reservation of one or more batteries 100 held in the battery station device 300. You can manage charging.
  • the reservation information includes, for example, the identification information of the user U who has reserved the battery 100 by the management device 400, the time the user U wishes to rent, the number of the batteries 100 the user U wishes to rent, and the battery 100 is managed as information in which conditions desired by the user U are associated with the state of charge of the battery.
  • the rental management unit 346 may manage the state of one or more batteries 100 stored in the battery station device 300. For example, the rental management unit 346 manages at least one of the operation state, charge state, storage state, and deterioration state of the battery 100 described above. The rental management unit 346 may manage the state of one or more batteries 100 based on the measurement result of the measuring device 324 . The rental manager 346 may detect an abnormality or defect in the battery 100 .
  • the storage unit 348 includes, for example, non-volatile storage devices such as HDD, SSD, and flash memory.
  • the storage unit 348 is used as a storage area for various types of information regarding the operation of the battery station device 300 .
  • the storage unit 348 stores information in which time is associated with the measurement result of the measuring device 324 at that time.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the lending management unit 346.
  • the lending management unit 346 includes a state monitoring unit 352 , a priority determining unit 354 , and a lending object determining unit 358 .
  • At least part of the functional units included in the rental management unit 346 may be arranged in the management device 400 .
  • at least one of the priority determination unit 354 and the rental object determination unit 358 may be arranged in the management device 400 .
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a lending management unit 346;
  • State monitoring unit 352 monitors the state of each of the one or more batteries 100 held in battery station device 300 .
  • the state monitoring unit 352 acquires various information regarding each of the one or more batteries 100 described above.
  • the state monitoring unit 352 may acquire information regarding at least one of the operation state, charge state, storage state, and deterioration state of each of the one or more batteries 100 described above.
  • the state monitoring unit 352 may transmit these pieces of information to the management device 400 .
  • the state monitoring unit 352 acquires information indicating the amount of power accumulated in each of the one or more batteries 100 held by the battery station device 300 .
  • the state monitoring unit 352 acquires information indicating the state of charge of the battery 100 to be measured from each of the measuring devices 324 arranged in one or more charging units 320 .
  • the information indicating the state of charge may be information indicating the SOC or information for calculating the SOC. Examples of the information for calculating the SOC include information indicating the voltage, information indicating the cumulative value of the charging current, and the like.
  • the priority determination unit 354 determines the priority of each of the plurality of batteries 100 held by the battery station device 300 in which the battery is to be rented or charged.
  • the priority in which the battery 100 is to be lent may be whether the battery 100 is lent or not, or may be the degree of priority regarding the lent of the battery 100 .
  • the priority of the battery 100 to be charged may be whether or not the battery 100 can be charged, or the priority regarding the charging of the battery 100 .
  • the above priority may be indicated by continuous numerical values, or may be indicated by gradual divisions.
  • the priority of battery 100 to be rented may be the same as the priority of battery 100 to be charged.
  • the priority determining unit 354 acquires information indicating the policy determined by the policy determining unit 436 from the management device 400 .
  • the priority determining section 354 may determine the priority of each of the batteries 100 based on the policy determined by the policy determining section 436 .
  • the priority determination unit 354 determines, for example, to preferentially rent the batteries 100 that are relatively deteriorated. In this case, the priority of the plurality of batteries 100 is determined so that the battery 100 with more advanced deterioration has a higher priority.
  • the priority order determining unit 354 may determine to preferentially lend the battery 100 whose deterioration is relatively progressing to the user U who uses the battery 100 in a manner that accelerates the deterioration of the battery 100 .
  • the priority determination unit 354 determines the priority of the plurality of batteries 100 based on the user attributes of the user U who requests the lending of the batteries 100 .
  • the priority determining unit 354 selects the plurality of batteries 100 so that the battery 100 with more advanced deterioration has a higher priority. Determine your priorities.
  • the priority determination unit 354 selects the batteries 100 in such a manner that the more deteriorated the battery 100, the lower the priority. Determine 100 priorities.
  • the priority determination unit 354 preferentially prioritizes the batteries 100 other than the batteries 100 whose deterioration is relatively progressing, for example. Decide to rent. In this case, the priority of the plurality of batteries 100 is determined so that the battery 100 with more advanced deterioration has a lower priority.
  • the priority order determining unit 354 may determine to preferentially lend the battery 100 whose deterioration is relatively progressing to the user U who uses the battery 100 in such a manner that the deterioration of the battery 100 is suppressed.
  • the priority determination unit 354 determines the priority of the plurality of batteries 100 based on the user attributes of the user U who requests the lending of the batteries 100 .
  • the priority determining unit 354 selects the plurality of batteries 100 so that the battery 100 with more advanced deterioration has a lower priority. Determine your priorities.
  • the priority determining unit 354 selects the plurality of batteries so that the more deteriorated battery 100 has a higher priority. Determine 100 priorities.
  • priority determining unit 354 may determine the priority of battery 100 such that the charging efficiency is greater than a predetermined value. Priority determining unit 354 may determine the priority of batteries 100 such that the total charging time or charging cost is less than a predetermined value.
  • the lending object determination unit 358 selects the battery 100 to be provided to a specific user U from among the one or more batteries 100 housed in the battery housing chambers 322 of the one or more charging units 320 in response to a request from the user U. decide.
  • the lending object determination unit 358 may determine the lending object battery 100 from among the plurality of batteries 100 held in the battery station device 300 .
  • the lending object determination unit 358 accesses the user information 416 and acquires information indicating user U's user attributes.
  • the lending object determination unit 358 extracts the batteries 100 to be provided to the user U from among the plurality of batteries 100 held by the battery station device 300 based on the user U's user attributes. Accordingly, the lending object determination unit 358 can determine the battery 100 to be provided to the user U from among the plurality of batteries 100 in response to a request from the user U.
  • the rental object determination unit 358 determines, among the plurality of batteries 100, The most deteriorated battery 100 is extracted as the battery 100 provided to the user U.
  • the lending object determination unit 358 may extract the batteries 100 to be provided to the user U from among the batteries 100 whose deterioration state does not meet the collection criteria. For example, the lending object determination unit 358 may access the battery information 412 and acquire information indicating the deterioration state of each of the plurality of batteries 100 held by the battery station device 300 . The lending object determination unit 358 extracts the batteries 100 to be provided to the user U from among the plurality of batteries 100 described above whose deterioration state is within the range in which the user U can be provided with the batteries 100 . This suppresses the extraction of the battery 100 whose deterioration state exceeds the recovery standard. At this time, the lending object determining unit 358 may determine the battery 100 to be rented in consideration of the priority determined by the priority determining unit 354 . The lending object determination unit 358 may preferentially select the battery 100 having a higher priority as a lending object.
  • the priority determining unit 354 The priority of a plurality of batteries 100 is determined so that the battery 100 that is progressing has a higher priority.
  • the rental object determination unit 358 extracts the battery 100 provided to the user U according to the priority determined by the priority determination unit 354, the deterioration state is worse than the predetermined second criterion.
  • the battery 100 is more likely to be extracted as the battery 100 provided to the user U.
  • the priority determining unit 354 determines that the deterioration progresses.
  • the priority order of the plurality of batteries 100 is determined so that the battery 100 having the higher priority has a lower priority order.
  • the rental object determination unit 358 extracts the battery 100 provided to the user U according to the priority determined by the priority determination unit 354, the deterioration state is worse than the predetermined second criterion.
  • the battery 100 is less likely to be extracted as the battery 100 provided to the user U.
  • the lending object determination unit 358 accesses the production management unit 434 of the management device 400, for example, and determines at least one of the production plan of the battery 100, the current value of the inventory quantity, and the predicted value of the inventory quantity. Get information indicating The lending object determination unit 358 determines the priority determined by the priority determination unit 354 when at least one of the production plan of the battery 100, the current value of the inventory quantity, and the predicted value of the inventory quantity satisfies a predetermined condition. , the battery 100 to be rented may be determined.
  • the lending object determination unit 358 determines the priority determined by the priority determination unit 354.
  • the battery 100 to be rented may be determined without considering .
  • the predetermined condition examples include a condition that the value is within a predetermined numerical range, a condition that the value is outside the predetermined numerical range, and the like.
  • the above numerical range only the upper limit may be defined, only the lower limit may be defined, or both the upper limit and the lower limit may be defined.
  • the rental object determining unit 358 determines that the deterioration state of the battery 100 is the predetermined deterioration state.
  • a battery 100 that has deteriorated more than two standards is determined as a lending target. As a result, lending processing according to the policy is realized.
  • the details of the battery exchange system 1 have been described by taking as an example the case of determining the battery 100 to be rented.
  • the battery exchange system 1 is not limited to this embodiment.
  • the battery exchange system 1 may determine the battery 100 to be provided to the user U based on at least one of the production plan for the battery 100, the current value of the inventory quantity, and the predicted value of the inventory quantity.
  • the lending object determination unit 358 determines the battery 100 to be provided to the user U based on at least one of the production plan for the battery 100, the current value of the inventory quantity, and the predicted value of the inventory quantity.
  • the priority determination unit 354 determines the priority of the batteries 100 to be provided to the user U based on at least one of the production plan of the batteries 100, the current value of the inventory quantity, and the predicted value of the inventory quantity. good.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the system configuration of the management device 400.
  • the management device 400 includes, for example, a storage unit 410, a state monitoring unit 420, a distribution management unit 430, a battery management unit 440, a request processing unit 450, a user attribute notification unit 460, an incentive provision unit 470, a usage and a restriction unit 480 .
  • These components are implemented by executing a program (software) by a hardware processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit). Some or all of these components are hardware (circuit part; circuitry) or by cooperation of software and hardware.
  • the program may be stored in advance in a storage device (storage device with a non-transitory storage medium) such as an HDD, SSD, or flash memory, or may be stored in a removable storage medium such as a DVD or CD-ROM (non-transitory storage medium). temporary storage medium), and may be installed by mounting the storage medium in the drive device.
  • a storage device storage device with a non-transitory storage medium
  • a removable storage medium such as a DVD or CD-ROM (non-transitory storage medium).
  • temporary storage medium may be installed by mounting the storage medium in the drive device.
  • the storage unit 410 includes, for example, non-volatile storage devices such as HDD, SSD, and flash memory.
  • the storage unit 410 is used as a storage area for various types of information regarding the operation of the management device 400 .
  • the storage unit 410 stores battery information 412, station information 414, and user information 416, for example.
  • the battery information 412 includes various types of information about each of the batteries 100 to be managed.
  • the battery information 412 includes, for each battery, information indicating the amount of power stored by that battery.
  • the information indicating the amount of power stored in the battery may be the SOC value of the battery.
  • the battery information 412 also includes information indicating the progress of deterioration of each battery.
  • the information indicating the progress of deterioration of the battery may be an arbitrary index value indicating the deterioration state of the battery.
  • the station information 414 includes various information about each of the battery station devices 300 to be managed.
  • the station information 414 includes, for each battery station, identification information for each of the one or more batteries 100 held by that battery station.
  • User information 416 includes various information about user U.
  • the user information 416 includes information indicating user attributes of each user. More specifically, the user information 416 may include, for each user, information indicating the progress of deterioration of the battery 100 due to past usage by the user.
  • the information indicating the progress of deterioration of the battery 100 due to past use by each user may be any information indicating the degree of deterioration that progressed during the period when each user used any battery 100. is not particularly limited.
  • the information indicating the progress of deterioration of battery 100 due to past use by each user may be information indicating a difference in the index of deterioration of battery 100 before and after use of battery 100 by the user.
  • the state monitoring unit 420 monitors each battery station device 300 to be managed. State monitoring unit 420 acquires information about the state of battery station device 300 from each of battery station devices 300 to be managed, and manages the acquired information as station information 414 . State monitoring unit 420 monitors each battery 100 to be managed. For example, the state monitoring unit 420 acquires information about the state of the battery 100 stored in the battery station device 300 from each of the battery station devices 300 to be managed, and manages the acquired information as the battery information 412 . The state monitoring unit 420 monitors the user's state. For example, the state monitoring unit 420 acquires user information from the user terminal device 500 and manages the acquired information as the user information 416 .
  • the distribution management unit 430 manages distribution of the battery 100 .
  • the distribution management unit 430 manages the number of batteries 100 distributed in the market.
  • the distribution manager 430 may manage production of the battery 100 .
  • the distribution management unit 430 includes, for example, a user attribute determination unit 432, a production management unit 434, and a policy determination unit 436.
  • the user attribute determination unit 432 determines user attributes of each of one or more users U.
  • FIG. For example, the user attribute determination unit 432 determines the user attribute related to the usage mode of the battery 100 for each user based on the past usage record of each user.
  • the user attribute determination unit 432 may determine the user attribute of the user U based on the progress of deterioration of the battery 100 due to the use of the user U.
  • Examples of how the deterioration progresses include (i) the amount of deterioration in a period having a predetermined length, and (ii) the speed at which deterioration progresses.
  • Examples of the amount of deterioration include the amount of decrease in full charge capacity and the amount of increase in internal resistance.
  • Examples of the rate of progress of deterioration include the rate of decrease in full charge capacity and the rate of increase in internal resistance.
  • the user attribute determination unit 432 determines the deterioration state before the user U uses the battery 100 and the deterioration state after the user U uses the battery 100. .
  • User attribute determination unit 432 determines the amount of change in the state of deterioration of battery 100 based on the state of deterioration before user U uses battery 100 and the state of deterioration after user U uses battery 100 .
  • User attribute determination unit 432 classifies each user into a plurality of categories based on the amount of change in the state of deterioration of battery 100 . As a result, the user attributes related to the manner in which the battery 100 is used by each user are determined.
  • the user attribute determining unit 432 acquires information regarding the state of the battery 100 for each user U during the battery 100 rental period.
  • the state of the battery 100 include the output of the battery 100, the SOC of the battery 100, the DOD of the battery 100, the temperature of the battery 100, and the like.
  • User attribute determination unit 432 may estimate the deterioration state of battery 100 based on the state of battery 100 . For example, when at least one of the SOC and temperature of battery 100 is within a predetermined numerical range, user attribute determination unit 432 determines the length or appearance of a period in which the output of battery 100 exceeds a predetermined threshold value. Calculate frequency.
  • User attribute determination unit 432 estimates the deterioration state of battery 100 based on the length of the period or the appearance frequency. User attribute determination unit 432 classifies each user into a plurality of categories based on the estimated deterioration state of battery 100 . As a result, the user attributes related to the manner in which the battery 100 is used by each user are determined.
  • the user attribute determined by the user attribute determining unit 432 may be represented by a predetermined usage tendency classification (for example, refer to simplified display described later), or the usage tendency itself grasped for each user U. (see, for example, detailed description below).
  • the user attribute determined by the user attribute determining unit 432 may indicate the usage mode of each battery 100, or may be a statistical representation of these usage modes for each battery station device 300. .
  • the production management unit 434 manages the production of the battery 100.
  • the production management unit 434 creates a production plan for the battery 100.
  • the production plan for battery 100 is information in which information indicating a period is associated with information indicating the production quantity of battery 100 in that period.
  • the production management unit 434 can create a production plan for the battery 100 based on statistical information on the state of deterioration of the batteries 100 distributed on the market.
  • the production control unit 434 prepares a production plan for the battery 100 based on the statistical information on the state of deterioration of the batteries 100 distributed in the market. can be fed back to
  • the policy determination unit 436 determines the policy. As described above, the policies include a policy for increasing the number of collected batteries 100, a policy for decreasing the number of collected batteries 100, and a policy for prioritizing charging efficiency of batteries 100 over adjustment of deterioration of batteries 100. A policy etc. are illustrated. More specifically, policy determination unit 436 determines a policy based on the production quantity, inventory quantity, collection quantity, and the like of battery 100 , and transmits the decided policy to each of one or more battery station devices 300 .
  • the policy determination unit 436 acquires information indicating the production plan for the battery 100 from the production management unit 434. Thereby, policy determination unit 436 can acquire information indicating the production quantity or inventory quantity of battery 100 . In addition, the policy determination unit 436 acquires information indicating the state of deterioration of the batteries 100 on the market from the battery management unit 440 . The policy determination unit 436 can estimate the collection quantity of the batteries 100 based on the state of deterioration of the batteries 100 distributed on the market.
  • the battery management unit 440 manages one or more batteries 100.
  • Battery management unit 440 manages, for example, at least one of the operation state, charge state, storage state, and deterioration state of battery 100 to be managed.
  • the battery management unit 440 receives from each of the battery station devices 300 to be managed information on at least one of the operation state, charge state, storage state, and deterioration state of the battery 100 stored in the battery station device 300. get.
  • the battery management unit 440 acquires, for example, information indicating the amount of electric power accumulated in each of the one or more batteries 100 held by the battery station device 300 .
  • Battery management unit 440 may acquire information indicating the SOC of each of the one or more batteries 100 described above.
  • the battery management unit 440 accumulates various types of information about the state of the battery 100 acquired in this way as the battery information 412 .
  • the request processing unit 450 receives various requests from the user U to the battery exchange system 1 from the user terminal device 500, processes the received requests, and supplies the processing results to the requesting user terminal device 500.
  • the above requests include a search request for searching for a battery station device 300 that meets a specific condition, and a search request for reserving any or a specific battery 100 stored in a specific battery station device 300.
  • a reservation request is exemplified.
  • the user attribute notification unit 460 notifies the user terminal device 500 of the user U's user attribute. Notification of user attributes to the user terminal device 500 may be performed at any timing. For example, the user attribute notification unit 460 may notify the user attribute at the timing when the user attribute determination unit 432 determines the user attribute of the user U, or at a predetermined date and time, the unnotified user attribute at that time. may be configured to notify the
  • the user attribute notification unit 460 controls notification of user attributes to the user U. Specifically, the user attribute notification unit 460 controls notification of user attributes to the user U by controlling the user terminal device 500 .
  • the user attribute notification unit 460 may specify a condition for notifying the user U of the user attribute to the user terminal device 500 . With such control, the user attribute notification unit 460 can make the notification timing of the user attribute to the user terminal device 500 and the notification timing of the user attribute to the user U different.
  • the conditions for the user terminal device 500 to notify the user U of the user attribute may be set in the user terminal device 500 in advance. In this case, the user attribute notification unit 460 does not need to have the function of controlling notification of the user attribute to the user U.
  • the user attribute notification unit 460 is an example of a "notification control unit"
  • the user terminal device 500 is an example of an "output device”.
  • the incentive granting unit 470 grants incentives to the user U according to the tendency of the user U to use the battery 100 . More specifically, the incentive granting unit 470 selects the most recent first user attribute among the user attributes (including usage trends) notified to the user U by the user attribute notification unit 460, and the first user attribute Compare with the second user attribute notified before, and if the degree of divergence between the usage tendency by the first user attribute and the usage tendency by the second user attribute is less than or equal to a predetermined value, the user A predetermined incentive is given to U. Any incentive may be given. For example, the incentive granting unit 470 may grant money or points that can be used for part or all of the usage fee of the battery 100 as an incentive.
  • the charge for using the battery 100 may be a pay-as-you-go charge or a fixed charge. Further, when the usage fee of the battery 100 is a pay-as-you-go billing, the incentive granting unit 470 may determine the amount of incentive to be granted according to the user U's usage.
  • the usage trend according to the first user attribute is an example of the "first usage trend”
  • the usage trend according to the second user attribute is an example of the "second usage trend”.
  • the usage restriction unit 480 restricts usage of the battery 100 . More specifically, the use restriction unit 480 sets the most recent first user attribute among the user attributes (including usage trends) notified to the user U by the user attribute notification unit 460, and the first user attribute is compared with the second user attribute notified earlier, and if the usage tendency according to the first user attribute and the usage tendency according to the second user attribute are different, the battery station device 300 provides the user U with the battery 100 When renting the battery, the battery station device 300 is instructed to record the restriction information regarding the usage restriction of the battery in the storage unit 110 of the battery 100 to be rented.
  • the restriction information includes output restriction information for restricting the output of the battery, charge restriction information for restricting the amount of charge of the battery, and the like.
  • the restriction information recorded in the storage unit 110 of the battery 100 is read by the electric motorcycle 200 to which the battery is mounted, and the vehicle control unit 220 restricts the use of the battery 100 based on the read restriction information. .
  • the usage restriction based on the usage tendency of the user U may be implemented in combination with the usage restriction based on the degree of deterioration of the battery 100 (hereinafter referred to as "normal usage restriction"). For example, if the user U uses the battery 100 in a manner recommended by the notification of the user attribute, the usage restriction unit 480 only performs normal usage restriction, and if the user U uses the usage recommended by the notification of the user attribute When the battery 100 is not used in , in addition to normal usage restrictions, usage restrictions based on usage trends may be performed. In addition, the usage restriction unit 480 may be configured not to restrict usage based on the usage tendency for the user U for whom the user attribute notification unit 460 has not notified the user attribute.
  • a situation in which the user attribute is not notified to the user U is when the user attribute determination unit 432 cannot determine the usage tendency of the target user U (for example, when the user is used for the first time or when sufficient battery state information is accumulated to obtain statistics). are not provided), etc.
  • usage restrictions based on usage trends do not necessarily have to be tightened, and may be loosened as necessary. For example, if a policy is determined to promote the deterioration of the battery 100 lent to the user U for the purpose of controlling the degree of deterioration of the battery 100 distributed in the market, the usage restriction unit 480 further relaxes the restriction. Usage restrictions may be applied based on usage trends. For example, when the rental target determination unit 358 selects a user U who is likely to promote deterioration according to the above policy, the use restriction unit 480 further relaxes the restrictions on the user U. Use restrictions may be imposed based on
  • the use restriction unit 480 may impose usage restrictions based on usage trends in the direction of stricter restrictions.
  • the usage restriction unit 480 imposes a usage restriction based on the usage tendency on the user U selected by the rental object determination unit 358 as having a high possibility of suppressing deterioration in accordance with the above policy, in a direction of tightening the restriction.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the user terminal device 500.
  • the user terminal device 500 includes a storage unit 510, an input unit 520, a display unit 530, and a control unit 540, for example.
  • These components are implemented by, for example, a hardware processor such as a CPU executing a program (software). Some or all of these components may be realized by hardware (including circuitry) such as LSI, ASIC, FPGA, GPU, etc., or by cooperation of software and hardware. good too.
  • the program may be stored in advance in a storage device (storage device with a non-transitory storage medium) such as an HDD, SSD, or flash memory, or may be stored in a removable storage medium such as a DVD or CD-ROM (non-transitory storage medium). temporary storage medium), and may be installed by mounting the storage medium in the drive device.
  • a storage device storage device with a non-transitory storage medium
  • a removable storage medium such as a DVD or CD-ROM (non-transitory storage medium).
  • temporary storage medium may be installed by mounting the storage medium in the drive device.
  • the storage unit 510 includes, for example, non-volatile storage devices such as HDD, SSD, and flash memory.
  • the storage unit 510 is used as a storage area for various types of information regarding the operation of the user terminal device 500 .
  • the storage unit 510 stores, for example, an application program (hereinafter referred to as a “request application”) AP used by the user U to transmit various requests regarding the lending of the battery 100 to the management device 400 .
  • an application program hereinafter referred to as a “request application”
  • the input unit 520 includes input devices such as a mouse, keyboard, and touch panel.
  • the input unit 520 receives input of various operations by the user U, converts the input operation into an electric signal, and outputs the electric signal to the control unit 540 .
  • the input unit 520 may include a voice input device such as a microphone, and may be configured to receive an operation input by voice input.
  • the input unit 520 may be configured integrally with the display unit 530 .
  • the input unit 520 is not limited to an input device configured as part of the user terminal device 500 .
  • the input unit 520 may be configured as an input interface for inputting electrical signals indicating operations on the user terminal device 500 from an external device configured separately from the user terminal device 500 .
  • the display unit 530 is configured using a display device such as a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) display, liquid crystal display, or organic EL display.
  • a display device such as a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) display, liquid crystal display, or organic EL display.
  • the display unit 530 may be configured as an interface that connects these display devices to its own device. For example, the display unit 530 displays the screen of the requesting application.
  • the control unit 540 controls the operation of each unit of the user terminal device 500.
  • the control unit 540 includes, for example, a request unit 541, a notification reception unit 542, and a display control unit 543.
  • the notification receiving unit 542 and the display control unit 543 are configured by the control unit 540 executing the request application.
  • the request unit 541 makes various requests to the management device 400 according to the user U's operation. As described above, the various requests include a request to search for a battery station device 300 that matches a specific condition, and a request to reserve the rental of any or a specific battery 100 stored in a specific battery station device 300. is exemplified.
  • the request unit 541 receives a request through various interfaces arranged on the screen of the request application, transmits the request to the management device 400 , and receives the processing result regarding the request from the management device 400 .
  • the notification receiving unit 542 receives notification of user attributes from the management device 400 for the user U using the user terminal device 500 .
  • the notification receiving unit 542 records the received user notification in the storage unit 510 in association with the identification information of the user U.
  • the display control unit 543 executes display control processing for controlling the screen display of the requesting application.
  • the display control process includes a process of performing screen transitions and screen updates accompanying the operation of the requesting application, a process of recognizing the operation content of the screen and cooperating with the request unit 541, and the like.
  • FIG. 9 and 10 are diagrams showing examples of display modes of user attributes.
  • 9 shows an example of a simple display
  • FIG. 10 shows an example of a detailed display of user attributes.
  • the user attribute is an attribute related to the manner of use of the battery 100 and includes the tendency of the user U to use the battery 100 .
  • the simple display example of FIG. 9 defines three types of user attributes, namely, HARD, NORMAL, and ECO, and displays the relationship between output and usage for each attribute.
  • the user attribute determination unit 432 outputs based on the current value, the voltage value, the DOD (Depth of Discharge) value, etc. when the user U uses the battery, which are recorded in the battery information 412.
  • usage tendency the tendency of usage amount (usage tendency) and determine which one of HARD, NORMAL, and ECO corresponds.
  • Usage trends may be statistically representative values such as mean, median, mode, maximum, and minimum values of power and DOD.
  • the display control unit 543 may highlight the corresponding attribute, or may superimpose the usage tendency (output and DOD) of the user U on the corresponding attribute and display it as shown in FIG. .
  • the example of the detailed display in FIG. 10 represents the usage tendency of the battery 100 by the user U by the observation frequency (that is, histogram) of the physical quantity measured for the battery.
  • histogram the physical quantity representing the usage trend is not limited to these types. Histograms for other types of physical quantities may also be shown.
  • each histogram is described as indicating a different usage tendency, but one type of histogram may be shown or a plurality of types of histograms may be shown for a certain user U's usage tendency. good too.
  • the example of detailed display in FIG. 10 The appropriateness of the usage tendency of the user U is visualized by the usage limit range indicating the range of the tendency.
  • the recommended use range and the restricted use range are appropriately set according to the state of deterioration of battery 100 by a company that supplies battery 100 to user U (hereinafter referred to as a “battery company”).
  • a battery company a company that supplies battery 100 to user U
  • the current value or voltage value during use is large
  • the usage time is long at low or high temperature
  • the usage has a large DOD (SOC swing width).
  • DOD SOC swing width
  • the detailed display of FIG. 10 visualizes the usage tendency of the user U's battery 100 from the viewpoint of these factors. By displaying such details, the user U can recognize whether or not the usage of the battery 100 by the user U is in accordance with the intent of the battery company.
  • the entire histogram is included only in the recommended use range. It can be recognized that it is in line with the intention of the business operator.
  • the histogram partly overlaps the use limit range. It can be recognized that there is a possibility that it is not in line with the intention of the battery company.
  • the battery company increases the possibility that the battery 100 will be used as intended by the battery company by making the user U recognize his/her own user attribute (usage tendency) through such detailed display. Therefore, it becomes easier to control the degree of deterioration of the batteries 100 distributed in the market.
  • the battery company can suppress deterioration of the battery 100 by setting an appropriate use limit range according to the state of the battery 100. For example, by providing a first limited use range R11 on the positive side of the current value, deterioration due to discharge can be suppressed, and by setting a second limited use range R12 on the negative side of the current value, charging (for example, regenerative deterioration due to electric power) can be suppressed.
  • the display of the SOC may be controlled on the electric motorcycle 200 side so as not to make the user U aware that the charging is restricted. For example, even if the apparent SOC seen by the user U is 100%, control may be performed such that charging is actually stopped when the SOC reaches 80%.
  • the battery company can improve the availability of the battery 100 or prevent deterioration by setting an appropriate use limit range according to the state of the battery 100.
  • the power supply from the battery 100 can be stabilized by providing the first limited use range R21 on the low voltage side where the output is unstable.
  • a second use limit range R22 may be provided on the high voltage side within the recommended use range.
  • the second usage restriction range R22 can be a range in which usage is restricted when a voltage value within this range is measured and a predetermined condition is satisfied.
  • the predetermined condition may be that the voltage value within the above range is measured more than a specified number of times, or that the voltage value within the above range is continuously measured for a specified time (or number of times) or more. There may be.
  • the battery provider may set an incentive for user U to refrain from using battery 100 within second limited use range R22. By setting such an incentive, it is possible to increase the possibility that the user U will use the battery 100 within the recommended use range.
  • the battery company can improve the availability of the battery 100 by setting an appropriate use limit range according to the state of the battery 100.
  • the internal resistance of a battery increases as it deteriorates, so the output characteristics of a battery tend to become more difficult to obtain as the deterioration progresses.
  • the internal resistance of a battery tends to increase as the environmental temperature decreases. Therefore, the power supply from the battery 100 can be stabilized by providing the limited use range R31 on the low voltage side which is greatly affected by the voltage drop when the internal resistance increases.
  • the battery company can suppress deterioration of the battery 100 by setting an appropriate use limit range according to the state of the battery 100 .
  • batteries tend to deteriorate more easily the longer they are used with a low SOC. Therefore, deterioration of battery 100 can be suppressed by providing first limited use range R41 on the low SOC side.
  • batteries tend to deteriorate more easily the longer they are used in a state of high SOC. Therefore, deterioration of the battery 100 can be suppressed by providing the second limited use range R42 on the high SOC side within the recommended use range.
  • the use limit range may be set using the DOD value instead of the SOC value.
  • FIG. 11 and 12 are diagrams showing examples of user attribute notification modes.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example of a notification mode when the user attribute of user U corresponds to the ECO type in the simple display of FIG.
  • a notification INF20 recommending that the user U continue to use the ECO type
  • a usage caution INF30 that deviates from the ECO type, and the like are notified.
  • the user U is able to recognize his/her usage tendency prior to using the battery 100, and also to be aware of precautions when using the rented battery 100. can recognize.
  • a user interface INT40 for correcting the notified user attributes is provided together with the notification of the user attributes.
  • a user interface INT40 for correcting the notified user attributes is provided together with the notification of the user attributes.
  • the user attribute notification unit 460 may instruct the user attribute determination unit 432 to correct the user attribute when the user interface INT40 requests correction of the user attribute.
  • the user attribute determining unit 432 may correct the user attribute by re-executing the process of determining the user attribute, or may set only the current attribute out of all the attributes that can be set as the user attribute. The one that is closest to the usage tendency of the user U may be determined as the new user attribute. Also, the user interface INT40 may allow the user U to select a user attribute after correction. In this case, the user attribute determination unit 432 may determine the attribute selected by the user U as the new user attribute.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of a manner in which user attributes are associated with the position of the battery station device 300 and notified.
  • the display control unit 543 determines the position of the battery station device 300 selected as a display target among the battery station devices 300 managed by the battery exchange system 1, User attributes (including usage trends) notified of U are displayed in association with each other. Whether or not to display the corresponding user attribute when the position of the battery station device 300 is displayed may be selectively switched according to the setting or the user's U operation. For example, when the battery station devices 300 to be displayed are displayed on the map as in the example of FIG. P16 may be displayed.
  • the user attribute notification unit 460 it becomes possible to more appropriately control the deterioration state of the batteries distributed on the market.
  • the user attribute notification unit 460 of the management device 400 may be configured to notify the user attribute to the battery station device 300 in addition to the user terminal device 500 .
  • the battery station device 300 is provided with functional units similar to the notification receiving unit 542 and the display control unit 543 of the user terminal device 500, so that the user attributes of the target user U can be displayed on the operation unit 301.
  • the operation unit 301 displays the user attribute of the user U notified from the user attribute notification unit 450 after the authentication of the user U is performed until the battery 100 is lent to the user U. may be configured. By displaying the user attributes at such timing, the battery provider can make the user U recognize his/her own user attributes before lending the battery 100 to the user U.
  • the operation unit 301 is an example of a "station display unit"
  • the battery station device 300 is an example of an "output device”.
  • the management device 400 is configured separately from the battery station device 300 has been described, but some functions of the management device 400 may be provided on the battery station device 300 side.
  • the function for management device 400 to manage user information 416 may be provided in battery station device 300 .
  • the management device 400 may be configured to inquire of the battery station device 300 about the user information of the user U to the battery station device 300 .
  • Battery 100 may be used as a power source for various electrical devices.
  • the above electrical equipment may be a mobile body using an electric motor as a power source, or may be a stationary power storage device.
  • moving objects include automobiles, motorcycles, standing vehicles having a power unit, ships, and aircraft.
  • automobiles include gasoline vehicles, diesel vehicles, electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, hybrid vehicles, small commuters, and electric carts.
  • motorcycles include motorcycles, tricycles, and electric bicycles.
  • Examples of ships include ships, hovercrafts, personal watercraft, submarines, submersibles, and underwater scooters. Airplanes, airships, balloons, balloons, helicopters, drones, and the like can be exemplified as flying objects.
  • the details of the battery exchange system 1 have been described by taking as an example the case where the management device 400 manages one or more batteries 100 and one or more battery station devices 300 .
  • the battery exchange system 1 is not limited to this embodiment.
  • At least one of the one or more battery station devices 300 may have at least some of the functionality of the management device 400 described above.
  • at least one of the one or more battery station devices 300 manages the one or more batteries 100 .
  • At least one of the one or more battery station devices 300 may manage other battery station devices 300 .
  • the battery exchange system 1 may or may not include the management device 400 .
  • the details of the battery exchange system 1 have been described by taking as an example the case where the battery station device 300 determines the battery 100 to be lent out of the plurality of batteries 100 held by the battery station. .
  • the battery exchange system 1 is not limited to this embodiment.
  • the management device 400 may determine the battery 100 to be rented out of the plurality of batteries 100 held by the battery station device 300 .
  • one or more storage media storing one or more computer-readable instructions; one or more processors connected to the one or more storage media; The one or more processors, by executing the computer-readable instructions, a station process for authenticating a user to replace a battery used by the user; a management process for managing user information including usage trends of the battery by the user and including usage trends related to deterioration of the battery; a notification process for notifying the user of the usage tendency of the battery by the user; and a battery replacement system that executes:
  • Battery Storage room 324 Measuring equipment 326 Charging circuit 340 Control unit 342 Communication control unit 344 Charge/discharge control unit 346 Rental management unit 348 Storage unit 352 State monitoring unit 354 Priority determining unit 358 Rental target determining unit 400 Management device 410 Storage unit 412 Battery information 414 Station information 416 User information 420 State monitoring unit 430 Distribution management unit 432 User attribute determination unit 434 Production management unit 436 Policy determination unit 440 Battery management unit 450 Request processing unit 460 User attribute notification unit 470 Incentive provision unit 480 Usage restriction unit 500 User terminal device 510 Storage unit 520 Input unit 530 Display unit 540 Control unit 541 Request unit 542 Notification reception unit 543 Display control unit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
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  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de changement de batterie comprenant un dispositif de station et un dispositif de gestion, le dispositif de station changeant une batterie utilisée par un utilisateur par authentification de l'utilisateur, et le dispositif de gestion comprenant une unité de gestion qui gère des informations d'utilisateur comprenant la tendance d'utilisation de la batterie par l'utilisateur, la tendance d'utilisation se rapportant à la détérioration de la batterie, ainsi qu'une unité de commande de notification qui commande un dispositif de sortie pour amener le dispositif de sortie à notifier à l'utilisateur la tendance d'utilisation de la batterie par l'utilisateur.
PCT/JP2023/000800 2022-01-13 2023-01-13 Système de changement de batterie, procédé de changement de batterie et dispositif de gestion WO2023136325A1 (fr)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016163532A (ja) * 2015-03-05 2016-09-05 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 電池管理装置、電池システムおよびハイブリッド車両制御システム
JP2017046287A (ja) * 2015-08-28 2017-03-02 日本電気株式会社 サービス情報配信システム、情報配信サーバ、及び、サービス情報配信方法
JP2018081676A (ja) * 2017-09-01 2018-05-24 ヤフー株式会社 情報処理装置、情報処理方法、およびプログラム
JP2018108607A (ja) * 2015-05-14 2018-07-12 追浜工業株式会社 電動可搬型作業機及びバッテリパック
JP2018160072A (ja) * 2017-03-22 2018-10-11 本田技研工業株式会社 情報処理装置、プログラム及び情報処理方法
JP2019079331A (ja) * 2017-10-25 2019-05-23 トヨタ自動車株式会社 電力管理システム、サーバおよび車両
WO2019181628A1 (fr) * 2018-03-20 2019-09-26 本田技研工業株式会社 Batterie
WO2021079982A1 (fr) * 2019-10-25 2021-04-29 本田技研工業株式会社 Dispositif de commande, dispositif de stockage, programme et procédé de commande

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016163532A (ja) * 2015-03-05 2016-09-05 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 電池管理装置、電池システムおよびハイブリッド車両制御システム
JP2018108607A (ja) * 2015-05-14 2018-07-12 追浜工業株式会社 電動可搬型作業機及びバッテリパック
JP2017046287A (ja) * 2015-08-28 2017-03-02 日本電気株式会社 サービス情報配信システム、情報配信サーバ、及び、サービス情報配信方法
JP2018160072A (ja) * 2017-03-22 2018-10-11 本田技研工業株式会社 情報処理装置、プログラム及び情報処理方法
JP2018081676A (ja) * 2017-09-01 2018-05-24 ヤフー株式会社 情報処理装置、情報処理方法、およびプログラム
JP2019079331A (ja) * 2017-10-25 2019-05-23 トヨタ自動車株式会社 電力管理システム、サーバおよび車両
WO2019181628A1 (fr) * 2018-03-20 2019-09-26 本田技研工業株式会社 Batterie
WO2021079982A1 (fr) * 2019-10-25 2021-04-29 本田技研工業株式会社 Dispositif de commande, dispositif de stockage, programme et procédé de commande

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