WO2023134234A1 - 正极复合材料、其制备方法、正极以及锂离子二次电池 - Google Patents

正极复合材料、其制备方法、正极以及锂离子二次电池 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023134234A1
WO2023134234A1 PCT/CN2022/124191 CN2022124191W WO2023134234A1 WO 2023134234 A1 WO2023134234 A1 WO 2023134234A1 CN 2022124191 W CN2022124191 W CN 2022124191W WO 2023134234 A1 WO2023134234 A1 WO 2023134234A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
positive electrode
composite material
mass
electrode composite
parts
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/124191
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李于利
杨思鸣
吕吉先
Original Assignee
株式会社村田制作所
李于利
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社村田制作所, 李于利 filed Critical 株式会社村田制作所
Publication of WO2023134234A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023134234A1/zh
Priority to US18/756,030 priority Critical patent/US20240347711A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • H01M4/366Composites as layered products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D105/00Coating compositions based on polysaccharides or on their derivatives, not provided for in groups C09D101/00 or C09D103/00
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D105/00Coating compositions based on polysaccharides or on their derivatives, not provided for in groups C09D101/00 or C09D103/00
    • C09D105/04Alginic acid; Derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D129/00Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Coating compositions based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D129/02Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C09D129/04Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058Construction or manufacture
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04Processes of manufacture in general
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/131Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1391Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/50Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/628Inhibitors, e.g. gassing inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of lithium ion secondary batteries, in particular, to a positive electrode composite material, a method for preparing the positive electrode composite material, a positive electrode containing the positive electrode composite material, and a lithium ion secondary battery.
  • a lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte.
  • the electrolyte solution will dissolve the transition metal in the positive electrode active material, resulting in poor cycle performance and unstable electrochemical performance of the lithium-ion secondary battery.
  • the current general solution is to use inorganic substances such as fluoride, aluminum oxide or manganese dioxide to coat the surface of the positive electrode active material.
  • these coating methods are not ideal due to the low conductivity.
  • the prior art also discloses a method of coating the positive pole piece with metaphosphate or the like. However, this method cannot effectively improve the initial Coulombic efficiency and cycle performance of lithium-ion secondary batteries. Therefore, there is a need to develop a new positive electrode composite material, a method for preparing the positive electrode composite material, and a positive electrode and a lithium ion secondary battery including the positive electrode composite material.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a positive electrode composite material, a method for preparing the positive electrode composite material, and a positive electrode and a lithium ion secondary battery comprising the positive electrode composite material, so as to solve the problem that it is difficult to effectively improve lithium ion secondary batteries in the prior art.
  • the first coulombic efficiency and cycle performance of the secondary battery is to provide a positive electrode composite material, a method for preparing the positive electrode composite material, and a positive electrode and a lithium ion secondary battery comprising the positive electrode composite material, so as to solve the problem that it is difficult to effectively improve lithium ion secondary batteries in the prior art.
  • a positive electrode composite material includes: a positive electrode active material; a coating layer covering the positive electrode active material, the coating layer contains polysaccharide organic high One or more of molecules, polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene alcohol.
  • the polysaccharide organic polymer is selected from one or more of sodium alginate, gum arabic and guar gum.
  • the amount of the coating layer is in the range of 0.01 parts by mass to 3.5 parts by mass, preferably, the amount of the coating layer is in the range of 0.01 parts by mass to 2.5 parts by mass within the range of parts by mass.
  • the thickness of the cladding layer is in the range of 1 nm to 100 nm.
  • a method for preparing a positive electrode composite material comprising: a first step: adding water to a mixture comprising polysaccharide organic polymers, polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene alcohol One or more coating agents to obtain a first mixture, and then the first mixture is stirred to obtain a coating solution; and a second step: adding the positive electrode active material to the coating solution to obtain a second mixture, and then Stir the second mixture, add an organic solvent during the stirring process to obtain a third mixture, perform suction filtration on the third mixture, and dry the filtered substance to obtain a positive electrode composite material.
  • a method for preparing a positive electrode composite material comprising: a first step: adding water to a mixture comprising polysaccharide organic polymers, polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene alcohol One or more coating agents to obtain a first mixture, and then the first mixture is stirred to obtain a coating solution; and a second step: adding the positive electrode active material to the coating solution to obtain a second mixture, and then The second mixture is placed in a water bath and stirred, and after the water in the second mixture is evaporated, the remaining matter is dried to obtain a positive electrode composite material.
  • the stirring speed is in the range of 100-500rpm, and the stirring time is in the range of 1-12h.
  • the amount of the coating agent in the first step, based on 100 parts by mass of the coating solution, is in the range of 0.01 parts by mass to 3.5 parts by mass, preferably, The amount of the coating agent is in the range of 0.01 to 2.5 parts by mass.
  • the stirring speed is in the range of 100-500 rpm.
  • the content of the cathode active material in the second mixture is in the range of 4.0wt%-60wt%.
  • the organic solvent is selected from one of ethanol, isopropanol and ethylene glycol.
  • the amount of the organic solvent added is 50%-100% of the mass of the coating solution.
  • the drying temperature is in the range of 80-120° C.
  • the drying time is in the range of 4-12 hours.
  • the temperature of the water bath is in the range of 60-100°C.
  • the polysaccharide organic polymer is selected from one or more of sodium alginate, gum arabic and guar gum.
  • the amount of the coating agent is in the range of 0.01 parts by mass to 3.5 parts by mass, preferably, the amount of the coating agent is between Within the range of 0.01 parts by mass to 2.5 parts by mass.
  • a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery is provided, and the positive electrode of the lithium ion secondary battery includes the positive electrode composite material described above.
  • a lithium ion secondary battery includes: a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, and the positive electrode includes the positive electrode composite material described above.
  • the method for preparing the positive electrode composite material, and the positive electrode and lithium ion secondary battery comprising the positive electrode composite material the interaction between the positive electrode active material and the electrolyte in the lithium ion secondary battery can be effectively suppressed. side reactions, reduce the dissolution of transition metals in positive electrode active materials, prevent the fragmentation of positive electrode active material particles, and improve the first coulombic efficiency and cycle performance of lithium-ion secondary batteries.
  • FIG. 1 shows the 100-cycle performance of the batteries in Example 2 and Comparative Example 1. Referring to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a positive electrode composite material including a high-nickel positive electrode material.
  • a typical embodiment of the present invention provides a positive electrode composite material, the positive electrode composite material includes: a positive electrode active material; a coating layer covering the positive electrode active material, the coating layer contains multiple One or more of sugar organic polymers, polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene alcohol.
  • the positive electrode active material is covered by a coating layer comprising one or more of polysaccharide organic polymers, polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene alcohol, which can effectively prevent lithium-ion secondary batteries from
  • a coating layer comprising one or more of polysaccharide organic polymers, polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene alcohol, which can effectively prevent lithium-ion secondary batteries from
  • the contact between the positive electrode active material and the electrolyte can effectively inhibit the side reaction between the positive electrode active material and the electrolyte in the lithium-ion secondary battery, reduce the dissolution of transition metals in the positive electrode active material, and prevent the fragmentation of the positive electrode active material particles. Improving the first coulombic efficiency and cycle performance of lithium-ion secondary batteries.
  • the positive electrode active material in the present invention can adopt conventional positive electrode active materials in the field.
  • the positive electrode active material may be a lithium-containing compound.
  • lithium-containing compounds include lithium-transition metal composite oxides, lithium-transition metal phosphate compounds, and the like.
  • the lithium-transition metal composite oxide is an oxide containing Li and one or two or more transition metal elements as constituent elements.
  • the lithium-transition metal phosphate compound is a phosphate compound containing Li and one or more transition metal elements as constituent elements.
  • the transition metal element is advantageously one or more of Co, Ni, Mn, Ti, Fe and the like.
  • lithium-transition metal composite oxides may include, for example, lithium cobaltate (LiCoO 2 ), lithium manganate (LiMn 2 O 4 ), lithium nickelate (LiNiO 2 ), lithium titanate, and the like.
  • lithium-transition metal phosphate compound may include, for example, lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ), LiFe 1-u Mn u PO 4 (0 ⁇ u ⁇ 1), and the like.
  • the positive electrode active material is the nickel-rich positive electrode material of the above general formula.
  • the positive electrode active material comprising the above-mentioned high-nickel positive electrode material can be effectively Preventing the contact between the positive electrode active material and the electrolyte in the lithium-ion secondary battery can effectively inhibit the side reaction between the positive electrode active material and the electrolyte in the lithium-ion secondary battery, reduce the dissolution of transition metals in the positive electrode active material, and prevent
  • the crushing of positive electrode active material particles improves the first coulombic efficiency and cycle performance of lithium-ion secondary batteries, and can also reduce the residual alkali on the surface of high-nickel positive electrode materials, while the excess Ni ions (Ni 2+ ) on the surface of high-nickel positive electrode materials can Cross-linking with the coating layer containing one or more of polysaccharide organic polymers, polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene alcohol, and when the charging voltage Ec>4.1V (relative to Li + ), the coating layer will not The decomposition can not only improve the structural stability and electrical conductivity of the cla
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a positive electrode composite material including a high-nickel positive electrode material. It can be clearly seen from FIG. 2 that excess Ni ions (Ni 2+ ) on the surface of the high-nickel cathode material form Ni ion crosslinks with the cladding layer.
  • the ratio (I 003/104 ) of the diffraction peak intensity of the (003) plane to the (104) plane can be obtained according to the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD). If the obtained I 003/104 value is larger, it means that lithium nickel The degree of (Li + /Ni 2+ ) mixing is small.
  • the sugar organic polymer can be selected from one or more of sodium alginate, acacia gum and guar gum.
  • the amount of the coating layer is in the range of 0.01 parts by mass to 3.5 parts by mass, preferably, the coating layer The amount of the coating layer is in the range of 0.01 to 2.5 parts by mass, and more preferably, the amount of the coating layer is in the range of 0.01 to 0.1 parts by mass.
  • the positive electrode active material includes the above-mentioned high-nickel positive electrode material
  • the amount of the coating layer in the above range in addition to improving the first Coulombic efficiency and the capacity retention rate after 100 cycles of the lithium-ion secondary battery , can also reduce the residual alkali on the surface of the high-nickel positive electrode material and reduce the mixing phenomenon of lithium nickel (Li + /Ni 2+ ).
  • the amount of the coating layer can be in the following ranges: 0.01 parts by mass to 3.5 parts by mass, 0.01 parts by mass to 3.3 parts by mass, 0.01 parts by mass to 3.1 parts by mass, 0.01 parts by mass to 2.9 parts by mass, 0.01 to 2.7 parts by mass, 0.01 to 2.5 parts by mass, 0.01 to 2.3 parts by mass, 0.01 to 2.1 parts by mass, 0.01 to 1.9 parts by mass, 0.01 to 1.9 parts by mass, 1.7 parts by mass, 0.01 to 1.5 parts by mass, 0.01 to 1.3 parts by mass, 0.01 to 1.1 parts by mass, 0.01 to 0.9 parts by mass, 0.01 to 0.7 parts by mass, 0.01 to 0.5 parts by mass parts, 0.01 to 0.3 parts by mass, 0.01 to 0.1 parts by mass, 0.1 to 3.5 parts by mass, 0.1 to 3.3 parts by mass, 0.1 to 3.1 parts by mass, 0.1 to 2.9 parts by mass, 0.1 to 2.7 parts by mass,
  • the thickness of the coating layer is in the range of 1 nm to 100 nm, preferably, the thickness of the coating layer is in the range of 1 nm to 80 nm, more preferably , the thickness of the cladding layer is in the range of 1nm to 60nm.
  • the thickness of the coating layer may be in the following ranges: 1nm to 100nm, 1nm to 90nm, 1nm to 80nm, 1nm to 70nm, 1nm to 60nm, 1nm to 50nm, 1nm to 40nm, 1nm to 30nm, 1nm to 20nm , 1nm to 10nm, 5nm to 100nm, 5nm to 90nm, 5nm to 80nm, 5nm to 70nm, 5nm to 60nm, 5nm to 50nm, 5nm to 40nm, 5nm to 30nm, 5nm to 20nm or 5nm to 10nm.
  • a method for preparing a positive electrode composite material comprising: the first step: adding water to the polysaccharide-containing organic polymer, polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene One or more coating agents in alcohol to obtain a first mixture, and then the first mixture is stirred to obtain a coating solution; and the second step: adding the positive electrode active material to the coating solution to obtain the second second mixture, and then stirring the second mixture, adding an organic solvent during the stirring process to obtain a third mixture, performing suction filtration on the third mixture, and drying the filtered substance to obtain a positive electrode composite material.
  • a uniform coating solution can be obtained, and through the second step, the coating agent containing one or more of polysaccharide organic polymers, polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene alcohol can be uniformly coated on the positive electrode active the surface of the material.
  • the positive electrode composite material obtained by the above method of the present invention can effectively prevent the contact between the positive electrode active material and the electrolyte in the lithium ion secondary battery, and can effectively suppress the secondary contact between the positive electrode active material and the electrolyte in the lithium ion secondary battery. reaction, reduce the dissolution of transition metals in the positive electrode active material, prevent the fragmentation of the positive electrode active material particles, and improve the first coulombic efficiency and cycle performance of the lithium-ion secondary battery.
  • the coating layer covering the positive electrode active material is water-soluble, and an oily slurry system is usually used in the process of preparing the positive electrode sheet.
  • the water-soluble coating layer of the cathode composite material prepared by the method can well maintain the integrity of its own structure in the oily slurry and the pole piece system.
  • the method of the present invention has a better coating effect on the positive electrode active material, so that the first coulombic efficiency and cycle performance of the lithium-ion secondary battery can be more significantly improved .
  • the substance filtered out by suction in the above-mentioned method for preparing positive electrode composite materials, in the second step, can be dried under vacuum conditions, alternatively, a drying method can be used.
  • the substance filtered out by suction is dried, preferably, the substance filtered out by suction can be dried under vacuum condition.
  • a method for preparing a positive electrode composite material comprising: the first step: adding water to the polysaccharide-containing organic polymer, polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene One or more coating agents in alcohol to obtain a first mixture, and then the first mixture is stirred to obtain a coating solution; and the second step: adding the positive electrode active material to the coating solution to obtain the second two mixtures, and then place the second mixture in a water bath and stir it, and dry the remaining material after the water in the second mixture evaporates to obtain a positive electrode composite material.
  • a uniform coating solution can be obtained through the first step, and the coating agent comprising one or more of polysaccharide organic polymers, polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene alcohol can be uniformly coated through the second step on the surface of the positive active material.
  • the positive electrode composite material obtained by the above method of the present invention can effectively prevent the contact between the positive electrode active material and the electrolyte in the lithium ion secondary battery, and can effectively suppress the secondary contact between the positive electrode active material and the electrolyte in the lithium ion secondary battery. reaction, reduce the dissolution of transition metals in the positive electrode active material, prevent the fragmentation of the positive electrode active material particles, and improve the first coulombic efficiency and cycle performance of the lithium-ion secondary battery.
  • the coating layer covering the positive electrode active material is water-soluble, and an oily slurry system is usually used in the process of preparing the positive electrode sheet.
  • the water-soluble coating layer of the cathode composite material prepared by the method can well maintain the integrity of its own structure in the oily slurry and the pole piece system.
  • the method of the present invention has a better coating effect on the positive electrode active material, so that the first coulombic efficiency and cycle performance of the lithium-ion secondary battery can be more significantly improved .
  • the remaining substances in the above method for preparing positive electrode composite materials, in the second step, can be dried under vacuum conditions, alternatively, the remaining substances can be dried by drying The material is dried, preferably, the remaining material can be dried under vacuum condition.
  • the stirring speed in the above method for preparing the positive electrode composite material, in the first step, is in the range of 50-500rpm, and the stirring time is in the range of 0.5-12h, preferably, The stirring speed is in the range of 100-500rpm, the stirring time is in the range of 1-12h, more preferably, the stirring speed is in the range of 200-400rpm, the stirring time is in the range of 1-8h, most preferably, the stirring speed In the range of 250-350 rpm, the stirring time is in the range of 1-6h.
  • the amount of the coating agent in the above-mentioned method for preparing the positive electrode composite material, in order to obtain a suitable concentration of the coating solution and achieve a good coating effect, in the first step, based on 100 parts by mass of the coating solution, the amount of the coating agent is in the range of 0.01 parts by mass to 3.5 parts by mass, preferably, the amount of the coating agent is in the range of 0.01 parts by mass to 2.5 parts by mass, more preferably, the amount of the coating agent is in the range of 0.01 Parts by mass to 0.1 parts by mass.
  • the stirring speed in the above method for preparing positive electrode composite materials, in order to achieve a good coating effect, in the second step, the stirring speed is in the range of 100-500rpm, preferably, the stirring speed In the range of 200-500 rpm, more preferably, the stirring speed is in the range of 300-500 rpm.
  • the stirring speed can be in the following ranges: 100-450rpm, 100-400rpm, 100-350rpm, 100-300rpm, 100-250rpm, 100-200rpm, 100-150rpm, 150-450rpm, 150-400rpm, 150-350rpm, 150-300rpm, 150-250rpm or 150-200rpm.
  • the content of the positive electrode active material in the second mixture is between 4.0wt%- In the range of 60wt%, preferably, based on the total weight of the second mixture, the content of the positive electrode active material in the second mixture is in the range of 35wt%-55wt%, more preferably, based on the total weight of the second mixture, in The content of the positive electrode active material in the second mixture is in the range of 45wt%-50wt%.
  • the positive electrode active material in the second mixture By controlling the content of the positive electrode active material in the second mixture within the above range, a good coating effect can be obtained, and the first coulombic efficiency and the capacity retention rate after 100 cycles of the lithium-ion secondary battery can be improved.
  • the positive electrode active material contains a high-nickel positive electrode material
  • by controlling the content of the positive electrode active material in the second mixture within the above-mentioned range in addition to ensuring the above-mentioned effects, it is also possible to ensure that the high-nickel positive electrode material is reduced.
  • the residual alkali on the surface can also ensure the reduction of lithium nickel (Li + /Ni 2+ ) mixing.
  • the content of the positive electrode active material in the second mixture may be in the following ranges: 10wt%-60wt%, 15wt%-60wt%, 20wt%-60wt% %, 25wt%-60wt%, 30wt%-60wt%, 35wt%-60wt%, 40wt%-60wt%, 45wt%-60wt%, 50wt%-60wt%, 55wt%-60wt%, 10wt%-50wt%, 15wt%-50wt%, 20wt%-50wt%, 25wt%-50wt%, 30wt%-50wt%, 35wt%-50wt%, 40wt%-50wt%, or 45wt%-55wt%.
  • the organic solvent is selected from one of ethanol, isopropanol and ethylene glycol.
  • the water in the second mixture can be replaced by an organic solvent, so as to ensure that the washed out residual alkali remains in the water and leaves with suction filtration, so that the residual alkali content of the positive electrode composite material obtained after coating can be significantly reduced.
  • the amount of the organic solvent added can be 50%-100% of the mass of the coating solution, or the added amount of the organic solvent can be 50%-100% of the coating solution.
  • 60%-90% of the mass of the coating solution, or the addition of the organic solvent can be 70%-80% of the mass of the coating solution, or the addition of the organic solvent can be 90%-90% of the mass of the coating solution 100%.
  • the amount of the organic solvent added is consistent with the mass of the coating solution, that is, most preferably, the amount of the organic solvent added is 100% of the mass of the coating solution.
  • the drying temperature in the above method for preparing the positive electrode composite material, in the second step, is in the range of 60-120°C, and the drying time is in the range of 2-12h, Preferably, the drying temperature is in the range of 80-120°C, and the drying time is in the range of 4-12h, more preferably, the drying temperature is in the range of 90-120°C, and the drying time is in the range of 8-12h within the range, further preferably, the drying temperature is in the range of 100-120°C, and the drying time is in the range of 8-10h, most preferably, the drying temperature is in the range of 110-120°C, and the drying time is in the In the range of 6-8h.
  • the drying temperature and drying time in the second step in the above range By controlling the drying temperature and drying time in the second step in the above range, a good coating effect can be obtained, and the charging capacity, first Coulombic efficiency and capacity retention after 100 cycles of lithium-ion secondary batteries can be improved Rate.
  • the positive electrode active material contains a high-nickel positive electrode material
  • the drying temperature and drying time in the second step within the above-mentioned range, in addition to obtaining the above-mentioned effects, the high-nickel positive electrode material can also be reduced.
  • the residual alkali on the surface can also reduce the mixing phenomenon of lithium nickel (Li + /Ni 2+ ).
  • the temperature of the water bath in the above method for preparing the positive electrode composite material, in order to achieve a good coating effect, in the second step, is in the range of 60-100°C, preferably, The temperature of the water bath is in the range of 70-90°C, more preferably, the temperature of the water bath is in the range of 70-80°C.
  • the temperature of the above-mentioned water bath can ensure that the water in the second mixture evaporates at a uniform speed and not too fast, so that the coating agent evenly covers the surface of the positive electrode active material during the water evaporation process.
  • the positive electrode active material is the nickel-rich positive electrode material of the above general formula.
  • the polysaccharide organic polymer is selected from one or more of sodium alginate, acacia gum and guar gum. In the above case, the same effects as in the positive electrode composite material described above can be obtained.
  • the amount of the coating agent in the above-mentioned method for preparing the positive electrode composite material, based on 100 parts by mass of the positive electrode active material, is in the range of 0.01 parts by mass to 3.5 parts by mass, preferably, The amount of the coating agent is in the range of 0.01 to 2.5 parts by mass, more preferably, the amount of the coating agent is in the range of 0.01 to 0.1 parts by mass.
  • the positive electrode active material includes the above-mentioned high-nickel positive electrode material
  • the amount of the coating agent in the above range in addition to further improving the first Coulombic efficiency of the lithium-ion secondary battery and the capacity retention rate after 100 cycles
  • it can also reduce the residual alkali on the surface of the high-nickel positive electrode material and reduce the mixing phenomenon of lithium nickel (Li + /Ni 2+ ).
  • a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery is provided, and the positive electrode of the lithium ion secondary battery includes the positive electrode composite material described above. Since the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention comprises the positive electrode composite material described above, it can effectively suppress the side reaction between the positive electrode active material and the electrolyte in the lithium ion secondary battery, and reduce the dissolution of the transition metal in the positive electrode active material , prevent the crushing of positive electrode active material particles, and improve the first Coulombic efficiency and cycle performance of lithium-ion secondary batteries.
  • a lithium ion secondary battery in yet another typical embodiment of the present invention, includes: a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, and the positive electrode includes the positive electrode composite material described above. Since the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention comprises the positive electrode composite material described above, it can effectively suppress the side reaction between the positive electrode active material and the electrolyte in the lithium ion secondary battery, reduce the dissolution of the transition metal in the positive electrode active material, Prevent the crushing of positive electrode active material particles, and improve the first Coulombic efficiency and cycle performance of lithium-ion secondary batteries.
  • the positive electrode of the present invention includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode composite material.
  • a positive electrode active material layer is formed on both surfaces of the positive electrode collector.
  • a metal foil such as aluminum foil, nickel foil, or stainless steel foil can be used as the positive electrode collector.
  • the negative electrode of the present invention includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer containing a negative electrode active material. Negative electrode active material layers are formed on both surfaces of the negative electrode collector.
  • a metal foil such as copper (Cu) foil, nickel foil, or stainless steel foil can be used as the negative electrode collector.
  • the negative electrode active material layer contains one or more negative electrode materials capable of intercalating and extracting lithium ions as the negative electrode active material, and may contain other materials, such as negative electrode binder and/or negative electrode conductive agent, if necessary.
  • the negative electrode active material may be selected from one or more of lithium metal, lithium alloy, carbon material, silicon or tin and oxides thereof.
  • the separator of the present invention is used to separate positive and negative electrodes in batteries and to pass lithium ions therethrough while preventing current short circuit due to contact between the positive and negative electrodes.
  • the separator is, for example, a porous film formed of synthetic resin or ceramics, and may be a laminated film in which two or more porous films are laminated.
  • synthetic resins include, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, and the like.
  • lithium ions when a lithium ion secondary battery is charged, for example, lithium ions are extracted from a positive electrode and inserted into a negative electrode through an electrolytic solution impregnated in a separator.
  • lithium ions When the lithium ion secondary battery is discharged, for example, lithium ions are extracted from the negative electrode and intercalated into the positive electrode through the electrolytic solution impregnated in the separator.
  • lithium cobaltate LiCoO 2
  • step 2 Weigh 100g of lithium cobaltate (LiCoO 2 ) and add it to the solution in step 1, place it in a water bath and stir until the water in the solution evaporates to dryness, dry the remaining material to obtain coated lithium cobaltate , wherein the stirring speed is 200rpm, the water bath temperature is 100°C, the drying temperature is 120°C, and the drying time is 8 hours;
  • Get high-nickel positive electrode material (LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Al 0.1 O 2 ), utilize acid-base titration to test residual alkali, obtain I 003/104 according to XRD result, and utilize 90g of this high-nickel positive electrode material, 5g as conductive agent Conductive carbon black and 5g of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a binder were made into electrode sheets, and half cells were made using the above electrode sheets. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • step 3 Take the sodium alginate resin solution prepared in step 1, add it dropwise to the high-nickel positive electrode material in step 2, raise the temperature to 80° C. under stirring, and keep it for 1 hour to obtain the high-nickel positive electrode material coated with sodium alginate;
  • the half-cells in Examples 1-37 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were charged and discharged at room temperature at a voltage of 2.5-4.25V.
  • the half-cells in the above examples and comparative examples were first subjected to a 0.1C cycle test at 25°C once to determine the initial charge capacity and initial coulombic efficiency of the battery, and then a cycle test of 1C charge and 5C discharge at 60°C for 100 times, the capacity retention rate of the battery after 100 cycles was determined.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 1 below.
  • the positive composite material includes a layer coated with the positive active material.
  • the cells in Examples 1-37 of the coating layer had higher first Coulombic efficiency and significantly higher capacity retention after 100 cycles.
  • Example 2 and Example 15 By comparing the results of Example 2 and Example 15 with Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that, compared with the method of coating the electrode sheet in Comparative Example 2, in Example 2 and Example 15 of the present invention The method has a better coating effect on the positive electrode active material, improves the first Coulombic efficiency of the battery and significantly improves the capacity retention rate after 100 cycles.
  • Example 13 By comparing the results of Example 2, Example 13, Example 15 and Example 22 with Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that compared with the method in Comparative Example 3, Embodiment 2 of the present invention, Example 13 , the methods in Example 15 and Example 22 have a better coating effect on the positive electrode active material, improve the first Coulombic efficiency of the battery, significantly improve the capacity retention rate after 100 cycles, and reduce the amount of high-nickel positive electrode material The phenomenon of mixed discharge of residual alkali and lithium nickel on the surface.
  • the positive electrode composite material of the present invention can effectively inhibit the lithium ion secondary battery.
  • the side reaction between the positive electrode active material and the electrolyte in the battery reduces the dissolution of transition metals in the positive electrode active material, prevents the particle breakage of the positive electrode active material, and improves the first coulombic efficiency and cycle performance of the lithium-ion secondary battery.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了正极复合材料、其制备方法、正极以及锂离子二次电池。该正极复合材料包括:正极活性材料;包覆正极活性材料的包覆层,包覆层包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种。通过本发明的正极复合材料、用于制备该正极复合材料的方法、以及包含该正极复合材料的正极和锂离子二次电池,能够有效抑制锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的副反应,减少正极活性材料中过渡金属的溶解,阻止正极活性材料颗粒的破碎,提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能。

Description

正极复合材料、其制备方法、正极以及锂离子二次电池 技术领域
本发明涉及锂离子二次电池领域,具体而言,涉及正极复合材料、用于制备该正极复合材料的方法、以及包含该正极复合材料的正极和锂离子二次电池。
背景技术
近年来,随着电子技术的不断发展,人们对用于支持电子设备的能源供应的电池装置的需求也在不断增加。现如今,需要能够存储更多电量且能够输出高功率的电池。传统铅酸电池以及镍氢电池等已经不能满足诸如智能手机的移动设备和诸如蓄电系统等固定设备的新的电子制品的需求。因此,锂离子二次电池引起了人们的广泛关注。在对锂离子二次电池的开发过程中,已经较为有效地提高了其容量和性能。
锂离子二次电池包括含有正极活性材料的正极、负极和电解液。在锂离子二次电池充放电过程中,电解液会溶解正极活性材料中的过渡金属,导致锂离子二次电池的循环性能变差,电化学性能不稳定。目前一般的解决方法是采用无机物诸如氟化物、氧化铝或二氧化锰对正极活性材料的表面进行包覆。然而,由于电导率较低,这些包覆方法的效果并不理想。现有技术中也公开了一种采用偏磷酸盐等对正极极片进行包覆的方法。然而,采用该方法并不能有效改善锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能。因此,需要开发一种新的正极复合材料、用于制备该正极复合材料的方法、以及包含该正极复合材料的正极和锂离子二次电池。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种正极复合材料、用于制备该正极复合材料的方法、以及包含该正极复合材料的正极和锂离子二次电池,以解决现有技术中难以有效改善锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能的问题。
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种正极复合材料,该正极复合材料包括:正极活性材料;包覆正极活性材料的包覆层,该包覆层包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种。
进一步地,在上述正极复合材料中,正极活性材料包含通式为LiNi xCo yM zO 2的高镍正极材料,其中x+y+z=1,0.8≤x≤1,0≤y≤0.2,0≤z≤0.1,并且M选自Mn、Al、Mg、Ti、Fe、Cu、Zn、Ga、Zr、Mo、Nb、W和Si中的一种或多种。
进一步地,在上述正极复合材料中,多糖类有机高分子选自海藻酸钠、阿拉伯胶和瓜尔豆胶中的一种或多种。
进一步地,在上述正极复合材料中,基于100质量份的正极活性材料,包覆层的量在0.01质量份到3.5质量份的范围内,优选地,包覆层的量在0.01质量份到2.5质量份的范围内。
进一步地,在上述正极复合材料中,包覆层的厚度在1nm到100nm的范围内。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种用于制备正极复合材料的方法,该方法包括:第一步骤:将水加入到包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种的包覆剂中以获得第一混合物,然后对第一混合物进行搅拌以获得包覆溶液;以及第二步骤:将正极活性材料加入到包覆溶液中以获得第二混合物,然后对第二混合物进行搅拌,在搅拌过程中添加有机溶剂以获得第三混合物,对第三混合物进行抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质进行干燥,获得正极复合材料。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种用于制备正极复合材料的方法,该方法包括:第一步骤:将水加入到包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种的包覆剂中以获得第一混合物,然后对第一混合物进行搅拌以获得包覆溶液;以及第二步骤:将正极活性材料加入到包覆溶液中以获得第二混合物,然后将第二混合物置于水浴中并且进行搅拌,在第二混合物中的水分蒸发掉之后将剩余的物质进行干燥,获得正极复合材料。
进一步地,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在第一步骤中,搅拌速度在100-500rpm的范围内,搅拌时间在1-12h的范围内。
进一步地,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在第一步骤中,基于100质量份的包覆溶液,包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到3.5质量份的范围内,优选地,包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到2.5质量份的范围内。
进一步地,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在第二步骤中,搅拌速度在100-500rpm的范围内。
进一步地,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在第二步骤中,基于第二混合物的总重量,在第二混合物中正极活性材料的含量在4.0wt%-60wt%的范围内。
进一步地,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在第二步骤中,有机溶剂选自乙醇、异丙醇和乙二醇中的一种。
进一步地,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,有机溶剂的添加量为包覆溶液的质量的50%-100%。
进一步地,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在第二步骤中,干燥的温度在80-120℃的范围内,干燥的时间在4-12h的范围内。
进一步地,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在第二步骤中,水浴的温度在60-100℃的范围内。
进一步地,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,正极活性材料包含通式为LiNi xCo yM zO 2的高镍正极材料,其中x+y+z=1,0.8≤x≤1,0≤y≤0.2,0≤z≤0.1,并且M选自Mn、Al、Mg、Ti、Fe、Cu、Zn、Ga、Zr、Mo、Nb、W和Si中的一种或多种。
进一步地,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,多糖类有机高分子选自海藻酸钠、阿拉伯胶和瓜尔豆胶中的一种或多种。
进一步地,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,基于100质量份的正极活性材料,包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到3.5质量份的范围内,优选地,包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到2.5质量份的范围内。
根据本发明的又一个方面,提供了一种锂离子二次电池正极,该锂离子二次电池正极包含前文描述的正极复合材料。
根据本发明的又一个方面,提供了一种锂离子二次电池,该锂离子二次电池包括:正极、负极、以及隔膜,该正极包含前文描述的正极复合材料。
通过本发明的正极复合材料、用于制备该正极复合材料的方法、以及包含该正极复合材料的正极和锂离子二次电池,能够有效抑制锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的副反应,减少正极活性材料中过渡金属的溶解,阻止正极活性材料颗粒的破碎,提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能。
附图说明
图1示出了实施例2和比较例1中的电池的100次循环性能。
图2示出了包括高镍正极材料的正极复合材料的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的各个实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将结合实施例来详细说明本发明。以下的实施例仅为示例性的,并不用来构成对于本发明保护范围的限制。
如背景技术中所说明的,在现有技术中难以有效改善锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能。针对现有技术中的问题,本发明的一个典型的实施方式提供了一种正极复合材料,该正极复合材料包括:正极活性材料;包覆正极活性材料的包覆层,该包覆层包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种。
在本发明的正极复合材料中,通过包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种的包覆层包覆正极活性材料,能够有效阻止锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的接触,能够有效抑制锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的副反应,减少 正极活性材料中过渡金属的溶解,阻止正极活性材料颗粒的破碎,提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能。
本发明中的正极活性材料可以采用本领域常规的正极活性材料。优选地,在本发明的一些实施方式中,正极活性材料可以是含锂化合物。这种含锂化合物的实例包括锂-过渡金属复合氧化物和锂-过渡金属磷酸盐化合物等。锂-过渡金属复合氧化物是含有Li和一种或两种以上的过渡金属元素作为组成元素的氧化物。锂-过渡金属磷酸盐化合物是含有Li和一种或两种以上的过渡金属元素作为组成元素的磷酸盐化合物。过渡金属元素有利地是Co、Ni、Mn、Ti和Fe等中的一种或多种。锂-过渡金属复合氧化物的实例可以包括例如钴酸锂(LiCoO 2)、锰酸锂(LiMn 2O 4)、镍酸锂(LiNiO 2)和钛酸锂等。锂-过渡金属磷酸盐化合物的实例可以包括例如磷酸铁锂(LiFePO 4)和LiFe 1-uMn uPO 4(0<u<1)等。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述正极复合材料中,正极活性材料包含通式为LiNi xCo yM zO 2的高镍正极材料,其中x+y+z=1,0.8≤x≤1,0≤y≤0.2,0≤z≤0.1,并且M选自Mn、Al、Mg、Ti、Fe、Cu、Zn、Ga、Zr、Mo、Nb、W和Si中的一种或多种。优选地,在上述正极复合材料中,正极活性材料为上述通式的高镍正极材料。
在本发明的正极复合材料中,通过包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种的包覆层包覆包含上述高镍正极材料的正极活性材料,能够有效阻止锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的接触,能够有效抑制锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的副反应,减少正极活性材料中过渡金属的溶解,阻止正极活性材料颗粒的破碎,提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能,并且还可以减少高镍正极材料表面的残碱,同时高镍正极材料表面多余的Ni离子(Ni 2+)可以与包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种的包覆层发生交联,并且在充电电压Ec>4.1V(相对于Li +)时包覆层不会发生分解,既可以提高包覆层的结构稳定性和导电性,又可以减少锂镍(Li +/Ni 2+)混排的现象。图2示出了包括高镍正极材料的正极复合材料的结构示意图。根据图2可以明显看出,高镍正极材料表面多余的Ni离子(Ni 2+)与包覆层形成了Ni离子交联。
可以根据X射线衍射(XRD)的结果获得(003)面与(104)面的衍射峰的强度之比(I 003/104),如果获得的I 003/104的值较大,则说明锂镍(Li +/Ni 2+)混排的程度较小。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,为了更加有效地抑制锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的副反应并且更加有效地提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能,多糖类有机高分子可以选自海藻酸钠、阿拉伯胶和瓜尔豆胶中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在本发明的正极复合材料中,基于100质量份的正极活性材料,包覆层的量在0.01质量份到3.5质量份的范围内,优选地,包覆层的量在0.01质量份到2.5质量份的范围内,更优选地,包覆层的量在0.01质量份到0.1质量份的范围内。通过将包覆层的量控制在上述范围内,可以实现包覆层对正极活性材料良好的包覆效果,可以进一步提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和100次循环之后的容量保持率。在正极活性材料包含上述高镍正极材料的情况下,通过将包覆层的量控制在上述范围内,除了可以提高锂离子 二次电池的首次库伦效率和100次循环之后的容量保持率之外,还可以减少高镍正极材料表面的残碱并且减少锂镍(Li +/Ni 2+)混排的现象。
具体而言,基于100质量份的正极活性材料,包覆层的量可以在以下范围内:0.01质量份到3.5质量份、0.01质量份到3.3质量份、0.01质量份到3.1质量份、0.01质量份到2.9质量份、0.01质量份到2.7质量份、0.01质量份到2.5质量份、0.01质量份到2.3质量份、0.01质量份到2.1质量份、0.01质量份到1.9质量份、0.01质量份到1.7质量份、0.01质量份到1.5质量份、0.01质量份到1.3质量份、0.01质量份到1.1质量份、0.01质量份到0.9质量份、0.01质量份到0.7质量份、0.01质量份到0.5质量份、0.01质量份到0.3质量份、0.01质量份到0.1质量份、0.1质量份到3.5质量份、0.1质量份到3.3质量份、0.1质量份到3.1质量份、0.1质量份到2.9质量份、0.1质量份到2.7质量份、0.1质量份到2.5质量份、0.1质量份到2.3质量份、0.1质量份到2.1质量份、0.1质量份到1.9质量份、0.1质量份到1.7质量份、0.1质量份到1.5质量份、0.1质量份到1.3质量份、0.1质量份到1.1质量份、0.1质量份到0.9质量份、0.1质量份到0.7质量份、0.1质量份到0.5质量份或者0.1质量份到0.3质量份。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在本发明的正极复合材料中,包覆层的厚度在1nm到100nm的范围内,优选地,包覆层的厚度在1nm到80nm的范围内,更优选地,包覆层的厚度在1nm到60nm的范围内。通过将包覆层的厚度控制在上述范围内,可以提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和100次循环之后的容量保持率。
具体而言,包覆层的厚度可以在以下范围内:1nm到100nm、1nm到90nm、1nm到80nm、1nm到70nm、1nm到60nm、1nm到50nm、1nm到40nm、1nm到30nm、1nm到20nm、1nm到10nm、5nm到100nm、5nm到90nm、5nm到80nm、5nm到70nm、5nm到60nm、5nm到50nm、5nm到40nm、5nm到30nm、5nm到20nm或者5nm到10nm。
在本发明的另一个典型的实施方式中,提供了一种用于制备正极复合材料的方法,该方法包括:第一步骤:将水加入到包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种的包覆剂中以获得第一混合物,然后对第一混合物进行搅拌以获得包覆溶液;以及第二步骤:将正极活性材料加入到包覆溶液中以获得第二混合物,然后对第二混合物进行搅拌,在搅拌过程中添加有机溶剂以获得第三混合物,对第三混合物进行抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质进行干燥,获得正极复合材料。
通过第一步骤可以获得均匀的包覆溶液,通过第二步骤可以使包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种的包覆剂均匀地包覆在正极活性材料的表面。通过本发明的上述方法获得的正极复合材料能够有效阻止锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的接触,能够有效抑制锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的副反应,减少正极活性材料中过渡金属的溶解,阻止正极活性材料颗粒的破碎,提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能。而且,在通过本发明的上述方法获得的正极复合材料中,包覆正极活性材料的包覆层是水溶性的,而在正极极片制备的过程中通常采用油性浆料体系,通过本发明的方法制备的正极复合材料的水溶性包覆层能够很好地在油性浆料及极片体系里保持自身结 构的完整性。与现有技术中对正极极片进行包覆的方法相比,本发明的方法对正极活性材料的包覆效果更好,从而能够更显著地提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在第二步骤中,可以在真空条件下将抽滤出来的物质进行干燥,可替换地,可以采用烘干方式将抽滤出来的物质进行干燥,优选地,可以在真空条件下将抽滤出来的物质进行烘干。
在本发明的另一个典型的实施方式中,提供了一种用于制备正极复合材料的方法,该方法包括:第一步骤:将水加入到包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种的包覆剂中以获得第一混合物,然后对第一混合物进行搅拌以获得包覆溶液;以及第二步骤:将正极活性材料加入到包覆溶液中以获得第二混合物,然后将第二混合物置于水浴中并且进行搅拌,在第二混合物中的水分蒸发掉之后将剩余的物质进行干燥,获得正极复合材料。
类似地,通过第一步骤可以获得均匀的包覆溶液,通过第二步骤可以使包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种的包覆剂均匀地包覆在正极活性材料的表面。通过本发明的上述方法获得的正极复合材料能够有效阻止锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的接触,能够有效抑制锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的副反应,减少正极活性材料中过渡金属的溶解,阻止正极活性材料颗粒的破碎,提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能。而且,在通过本发明的上述方法获得的正极复合材料中,包覆正极活性材料的包覆层是水溶性的,而在正极极片制备的过程中通常采用油性浆料体系,通过本发明的方法制备的正极复合材料的水溶性包覆层能够很好地在油性浆料及极片体系里保持自身结构的完整性。与现有技术中对正极极片进行包覆的方法相比,本发明的方法对正极活性材料的包覆效果更好,从而能够更显著地提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在第二步骤中,可以在真空条件下将剩余的物质进行干燥,可替换地,可以采用烘干方式将剩余的物质进行干燥,优选地,可以在真空条件下将剩余的物质进行烘干。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在第一步骤中,搅拌速度在50-500rpm的范围内,搅拌时间在0.5-12h的范围内,优选地,搅拌速度在100-500rpm的范围内,搅拌时间在1-12h的范围内,更优选地,搅拌速度在200-400rpm的范围内,搅拌时间在1-8h的范围内,最优选地,搅拌速度在250-350rpm的范围内,搅拌时间在1-6h的范围内。通过将第一步骤中的搅拌速度和搅拌时间控制在上述范围内,可以获得均匀的包覆溶液,可以实现包覆层对正极活性材料良好的包覆效果,可以进一步提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和100次循环之后的容量保持率。在正极活性材料包含高镍正极材料的情况下,通过将第一步骤中的搅拌速度和搅拌时间控制在上述范围内,除了可以获得上面提及的效果之外,还可以显著减少锂镍(Li +/Ni 2+)混排的现象。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,为了获得合适浓度的包覆溶液并且实现良好的包覆效果,在第一步骤中,基于100质量份的包覆溶液,包覆 剂的量在0.01质量份到3.5质量份的范围内,优选地,包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到2.5质量份的范围内,更优选地,包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到0.1质量份的范围内。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,为了实现良好的包覆效果,在第二步骤中,搅拌速度在100-500rpm的范围内,优选地,搅拌速度在200-500rpm的范围内,更优选地,搅拌速度在300-500rpm的范围内。具体而言,在第二步骤中,搅拌速度可以在以下范围内:100-450rpm、100-400rpm、100-350rpm、100-300rpm、100-250rpm、100-200rpm、100-150rpm、150-450rpm、150-400rpm、150-350rpm、150-300rpm、150-250rpm或者150-200rpm。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在第二步骤中,基于第二混合物的总重量,在第二混合物中正极活性材料的含量在4.0wt%-60wt%的范围内,优选地,基于第二混合物的总重量,在第二混合物中正极活性材料的含量在35wt%-55wt%的范围内,更优选地,基于第二混合物的总重量,在第二混合物中正极活性材料的含量在45wt%-50wt%的范围内。通过将第二混合物中正极活性材料的含量控制在上述范围内,可以保证获得良好的包覆效果,并且可以保证提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和100次循环之后的容量保持率。在正极活性材料包含高镍正极材料的情况下,通过将第二混合物中正极活性材料的含量控制在上述范围内,除了可以保证获得上面提及的效果之外,还可以保证减少高镍正极材料表面的残碱并且可以保证减少锂镍(Li +/Ni 2+)混排的现象。
具体而言,在第二步骤中,基于第二混合物的总重量,在第二混合物中正极活性材料的含量可以在以下范围内:10wt%-60wt%、15wt%-60wt%、20wt%-60wt%、25wt%-60wt%、30wt%-60wt%、35wt%-60wt%、40wt%-60wt%、45wt%-60wt%、50wt%-60wt%、55wt%-60wt%、10wt%-50wt%、15wt%-50wt%、20wt%-50wt%、25wt%-50wt%、30wt%-50wt%、35wt%-50wt%、40wt%-50wt%或者45wt%-55wt%。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在第二步骤中,有机溶剂选自乙醇、异丙醇和乙二醇中的一种。通过有机溶剂可以将第二混合物中的水置换出来,从而确保洗出的残碱保留在水中并且随着抽滤而离开,这样包覆后获得的正极复合材料的残碱含量会显著降低。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,有机溶剂的添加量可以为包覆溶液的质量的50%-100%,或者,有机溶剂的添加量可以为包覆溶液的质量的60%-90%,或者,有机溶剂的添加量可以为包覆溶液的质量的70%-80%,或者,有机溶剂的添加量可以为包覆溶液的质量的90%-100%。有机溶剂的添加量越多,通过有机溶剂置换水的效果越明显。最好的是,有机溶剂的添加量与包覆溶液的质量保持一致,即,最优选地,有机溶剂的添加量为包覆溶液的质量的100%。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在第二步骤中,干燥的温度在60-120℃的范围内,干燥的时间在2-12h的范围内,优选地,干燥的温度在80-120℃的范围内,干燥的时间在4-12h的范围内,更优选地,干燥的温度在90-120℃的范 围内,干燥的时间在8-12h的范围内,进一步优选地,干燥的温度在100-120℃的范围内,干燥的时间在8-10h的范围内,最优选地,干燥的温度在110-120℃的范围内,干燥的时间在6-8h的范围内。通过将第二步骤中干燥的温度和干燥的时间控制在上述范围内,可以获得良好的包覆效果,并且可以提高锂离子二次电池的充电容量、首次库伦效率和100次循环之后的容量保持率。在正极活性材料包含高镍正极材料的情况下,通过将第二步骤中干燥的温度和干燥的时间控制在上述范围内,除了可以获得上面提及的效果之外,还可以减少高镍正极材料表面的残碱并且可以减少锂镍(Li +/Ni 2+)混排的现象。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,为了实现良好的包覆效果,在第二步骤中,水浴的温度在60-100℃的范围内,优选地,水浴的温度在70-90℃的范围内,更优选地,水浴的温度在70-80℃的范围内。上述水浴的温度可以确保第二混合物中的水匀速蒸发,不会过快,从而使包覆剂在水蒸发过程中均匀包覆在正极活性材料的表面。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,正极活性材料包含通式为LiNi xCo yM zO 2的高镍正极材料,其中x+y+z=1,0.8≤x≤1,0≤y≤0.2,0≤z≤0.1,并且M选自Mn、Al、Mg、Ti、Fe、Cu、Zn、Ga、Zr、Mo、Nb、W和Si中的一种或多种。优选地,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,正极活性材料为上述通式的高镍正极材料。在本发明的用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,在正极活性材料包含高镍正极材料的情况下,可以获得与在上述正极复合材料中相同的效果。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,多糖类有机高分子选自海藻酸钠、阿拉伯胶和瓜尔豆胶中的一种或多种。在上述情况下,可以获得与在上述正极复合材料中相同的效果。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在上述用于制备正极复合材料的方法中,基于100质量份的正极活性材料,包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到3.5质量份的范围内,优选地,包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到2.5质量份的范围内,更优选地,包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到0.1质量份的范围内。通过将包覆剂的量控制在上述范围内,可以实现包覆剂对正极活性材料良好的包覆效果,可以进一步提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和100次循环之后的容量保持率。在正极活性材料包含上述高镍正极材料的情况下,通过将包覆剂的量控制在上述范围内,除了可以进一步提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和100次循环之后的容量保持率之外,还可以减少高镍正极材料表面的残碱并且减少锂镍(Li +/Ni 2+)混排的现象。
在本发明的又一个典型的实施方式中,提供了一种锂离子二次电池正极,该锂离子二次电池正极包含前文描述的正极复合材料。由于本发明的锂离子二次电池正极包含前文描述的正极复合材料,因此,能够有效抑制锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的副反应,减少正极活性材料中过渡金属的溶解,阻止正极活性材料颗粒的破碎,提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能。
在本发明的又一个典型的实施方式中,提供了一种锂离子二次电池,该锂离子二次电池包括:正极、负极、以及隔膜,该正极包含前文描述的正极复合材料。由于本发明的锂离子 二次电池包含前文描述的正极复合材料,因此,能够有效抑制锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的副反应,减少正极活性材料中过渡金属的溶解,阻止正极活性材料颗粒的破碎,提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能。
本发明的正极包括正极集电体和含有正极复合材料的正极活性材料层。在正极集电体的两个表面上形成正极活性材料层。可使用诸如铝箔、镍箔或不锈钢箔的金属箔作为正极集电体。
本发明的负极包括负极集电体和含有负极活性材料的负极活性材料层。在负极集电体的两个表面上形成负极活性材料层。可使用诸如铜(Cu)箔、镍箔或不锈钢箔的金属箔作为负极集电体。
负极活性材料层含有能够嵌入和脱出锂离子的一种或多种负极材料作为负极活性材料,必要时可以含有另外的材料,例如负极粘结剂和/或负极导电剂。负极活性材料可以选自锂金属、锂合金、碳材料、硅或锡及其氧化物中的一种或多种。
本发明的隔膜用于将电池中的正极和负极分开,并且使锂离子从中通过,同时防止由于正极和负极之间的接触所造成的电流短路。隔膜例如是由合成树脂或陶瓷形成的多孔膜,并且可以是其中将两种或更多种多孔膜层压的层压膜。合成树脂的实例包括例如聚四氟乙烯、聚丙烯和聚乙烯等。
在本发明的实施方式中,当对锂离子二次电池进行充电时,例如,锂离子从正极脱出并且通过浸渍在隔膜中的电解液嵌入负极中。当对锂离子二次电池进行放电时,例如,锂离子从负极脱出并且通过浸渍在隔膜中的电解液嵌入正极中。
以下结合具体实施例对本申请作进一步详细描述,这些实施例不能理解为限制本申请所要求保护的范围。
实施例1
1.称取0.01g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.01wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例2
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例3
1.称取2.5g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到2.5wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例4
1.称取3.5g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到3.5wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例5
1.称取0.1g聚乙烯醇,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%聚乙烯醇溶液;
2.称取100g钴酸锂(LiCoO 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,置于水浴锅中搅拌,直至溶液中的水分蒸发干,将剩余的物质烘干后得到包覆后的钴酸锂,其中搅拌速度为200rpm,水浴温度为100℃,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取97g以上工艺制备出的材料、1.5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和1.5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例6
1.称取0.01g阿拉伯胶,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.01wt%阿拉伯胶溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例7
1.称取0.1g阿拉伯胶,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%阿拉伯胶溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例8
1.称取2.5g阿拉伯胶,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到2.5wt%阿拉伯胶溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例9
1.称取3.5g阿拉伯胶,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到3.5wt%阿拉伯胶溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例10
1.称取0.1g瓜尔豆胶,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%瓜尔豆胶溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例11
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以50rpm搅拌半小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例12
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取150g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例13
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为60℃,干燥时间为2小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例14
1.称取0.1g聚丙烯醇,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%聚丙烯醇溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例15
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,置于水浴锅中搅拌,直至溶液中的水分蒸发干,将剩余的物质烘干后得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为200rpm,水浴温度为100℃,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例16
1.称取0.1g聚乙烯醇,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%聚乙烯醇溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,置于水浴锅中搅拌,直至溶液中的水分蒸发干,将剩余的物质烘干后得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为200rpm,水浴温度为60℃,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例17
1.称取0.1g阿拉伯胶,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%阿拉伯胶溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,置于水浴锅中搅拌,直至溶液中的水分蒸发干,将剩余的物质烘干后得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为200rpm,水浴温度为100℃,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为12小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例18
1.称取0.1g瓜尔豆胶,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%瓜尔豆胶溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,置于水浴锅中搅拌,直至溶液中的水分蒸发干,将剩余的物质烘干后得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为200rpm,水浴温度为100℃,干燥温度为80℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例19
1.称取0.1g聚丙烯醇,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%聚丙烯醇溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,置于水浴锅中搅拌,直至溶液中的水分蒸发干,将剩余的物质烘干后得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为200rpm,水浴温度为100℃,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为4小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例20
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以100rpm搅拌12小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取4.2g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为100rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用3.6g制备出的材料、0.2g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和0.2g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例21
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以500rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g异丙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为100rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例22
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入50g乙二醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例23
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.9Co 0.05Al 0.05O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例24
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Mn 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例25
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.9Co 0.05Mn 0.05O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例26
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.9Co 0.05Al 0.03Mg 0.02O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例27
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.9Co 0.05Al 0.03Ti 0.02O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例28
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.9Co 0.05Al 0.03Fe 0.02O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例29
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.9Co 0.05Al 0.03Cu 0.02O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例30
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.9Co 0.05Al 0.03Zn 0.02O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例31
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.9Co 0.05Al 0.03Ga 0.02O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例32
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.9Co 0.05Al 0.03Zr 0.02O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例33
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.9Co 0.05Al 0.03Mo 0.02O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例34
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.9Co 0.05Al 0.03Nb 0.02O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例35
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.9Co 0.05Al 0.03W 0.02O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例36
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.9Co 0.05Al 0.03Si 0.02O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
实施例37
1.称取0.05g海藻酸钠和0.05g瓜尔豆胶,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠/瓜尔豆胶溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2)加入步骤1中的溶液中,继续搅拌半小时,中途逐滴加入100g乙醇,抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质烘干得到包覆后的高镍正极材料,其中搅拌速度为500rpm,干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为8小时;
3.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
比较例1
1.取高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2),利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g该高镍正极材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
比较例2
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加水至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2),混合5.6g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5.6g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制成电极片,对电极片进行烘干;
3.取以上电极片,用涂覆棒蘸取步骤1配制的包覆溶液在电极片上涂抹,将涂抹后的电极片烘干后得到涂有包覆层的电极片;
4.取上述电极片制作成半电池,然后进行测试,结果如表1所示。
比较例3
1.称取0.1g海藻酸钠,放进烧杯中,加入马来酸与丙烯酸共聚物至100g,以300rpm搅拌1小时,得到0.1wt%海藻酸钠树脂溶液;
2.称取100g高镍正极材料(LiNi 0.8Co 0.1Al 0.1O 2),放入搅拌机搅拌,其中搅拌时间为30min,搅拌速度为300rpm;
3.取步骤1配制的海藻酸钠树脂溶液,滴加进步骤2的高镍正极材料中,在搅拌状态下升温至80℃,保持1h,得到海藻酸钠包覆的高镍正极材料;
4.取以上工艺制备出的材料,利用酸碱滴定法测试残碱,根据XRD结果获得I 003/104,并利用90g制备出的材料、5g作为导电剂的导电炭黑和5g作为粘结剂的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)制作成电极片,并且利用上述电极片制作成半电池,结果如表1所示。
电池性能的测试
在室温下在2.5~4.25V之间的电压下对实施例1-37和比较例1-3中的半电池进行充放电测试。将上述实施例及比较例中的半电池首先在25℃下进行0.1C的循环测试1次,确定电池的首次充电容量和首次库伦效率,然后在60℃下进行1C充电5C放电的循环测试100次,确定电池的100次循环之后的容量保持率。实验结果在下表1和图1中示出。
表1材料物性和电化学性能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2022124191-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022124191-appb-000002
从以上的测试结果可以看出,本发明的上述实施例实现了如下技术效果:
通过将实施例1-37与比较例1的结果进行比较,可以看出,与不存在包覆正极活性材料的包覆层的比较例1相比,在正极复合材料包括包覆正极活性材料的包覆层的实施例1-37中的电池具有更高的首次库伦效率和显著更高的100次循环之后的容量保持率。
通过将实施例1-4和6-37与比较例1的结果进行比较,可以看出,在使用高镍正极材料的情况下,与不存在包覆高镍正极材料的包覆层的比较例1相比,在正极复合材料包括包覆高镍正极材料的包覆层的实施例1-4和6-37中制备的高镍正极材料表面的残碱(wt%)较少并且I 003/104值较大,这说明了实施例1-4和6-37中的高镍正极材料表面的残碱减少并且锂镍混排的现象减少,而且利用该正极复合材料制备的电池具有更高的首次库伦效率和显著更高的100次循环之后的容量保持率。
通过将实施例2和实施例15与比较例2的结果进行比较,可以看出,与比较例2中的对电极片进行包覆的方法相比,本发明的实施例2和实施例15中的方法对正极活性材料的包覆效果更好,提高了电池的首次库伦效率并且显著地提高了100次循环之后的容量保持率。
通过将实施例2、实施例13、实施例15和实施例22与比较例3的结果进行比较,可以看出,与比较例3中的方法相比,本发明的实施例2、实施例13、实施例15和实施例22中的方法对正极活性材料的包覆效果更好,提高了电池的首次库伦效率,显著地提高了100次循环之后的容量保持率,并且减少了高镍正极材料表面的残碱和锂镍混排的现象。
通过将实施例1-3与实施例4的结果比较以及通过将实施例6-8与实施例9的结果比较可以看出,基于100质量份的正极活性材料,当包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到2.5质量份的范围内时,进一步提高了100次循环之后的容量保持率。
由上述电池性能测试结果可以看出:通过本发明的正极复合材料、用于制备该正极复合材料的方法、以及包含该正极复合材料的正极和锂离子二次电池,能够有效抑制锂离子二次电池中正极活性材料与电解液之间的副反应,减少正极活性材料中过渡金属的溶解,阻止正极活性材料颗粒的破碎,提高锂离子二次电池的首次库伦效率和循环性能。
以上所描述的仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种正极复合材料,其特征在于,所述正极复合材料包括:
    正极活性材料;
    包覆所述正极活性材料的包覆层,所述包覆层包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的正极复合材料,其特征在于,所述正极活性材料包含通式为LiNi xCo yM zO 2的高镍正极材料,其中x+y+z=1,0.8≤x≤1,0≤y≤0.2,0≤z≤0.1,并且M选自Mn、Al、Mg、Ti、Fe、Cu、Zn、Ga、Zr、Mo、Nb、W和Si中的一种或多种。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的正极复合材料,其特征在于,所述多糖类有机高分子选自海藻酸钠、阿拉伯胶和瓜尔豆胶中的一种或多种。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的正极复合材料,其特征在于,基于100质量份的所述正极活性材料,所述包覆层的量在0.01质量份到3.5质量份的范围内,优选地,所述包覆层的量在0.01质量份到2.5质量份的范围内。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的正极复合材料,其特征在于,所述包覆层的厚度在1nm到100nm的范围内。
  6. 一种用于制备正极复合材料的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    第一步骤:将水加入到包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种的包覆剂中以获得第一混合物,然后对所述第一混合物进行搅拌以获得包覆溶液;以及
    第二步骤:将正极活性材料加入到所述包覆溶液中以获得第二混合物,然后对所述第二混合物进行搅拌,在搅拌过程中添加有机溶剂以获得第三混合物,对所述第三混合物进行抽滤,将抽滤出来的物质进行干燥,获得正极复合材料。
  7. 一种用于制备正极复合材料的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    第一步骤:将水加入到包含多糖类有机高分子、聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯醇中的一种或多种的包覆剂中以获得第一混合物,然后对所述第一混合物进行搅拌以获得包覆溶液;以及
    第二步骤:将正极活性材料加入到所述包覆溶液中以获得第二混合物,然后将所述第二混合物置于水浴中并且进行搅拌,在所述第二混合物中的水分蒸发掉之后将剩余的物质进行干燥,获得正极复合材料。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的用于制备正极复合材料的方法,其特征在于,在所述第一步骤中,搅拌速度在100-500rpm的范围内,搅拌时间在1-12h的范围内。
  9. 根据权利要求6或7所述的用于制备正极复合材料的方法,其特征在于,在所述第一步骤中,基于100质量份的所述包覆溶液,所述包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到3.5质量份的范围内,优选地,所述包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到2.5质量份的范围内。
  10. 根据权利要求6或7所述的用于制备正极复合材料的方法,其特征在于,在所述第二步骤中,搅拌速度在100-500rpm的范围内。
  11. 根据权利要求6或7所述的用于制备正极复合材料的方法,其特征在于,在所述第二步骤中,基于所述第二混合物的总重量,在所述第二混合物中所述正极活性材料的含量在4.0wt%-60wt%的范围内。
  12. 根据权利要求6所述的用于制备正极复合材料的方法,其特征在于,在所述第二步骤中,所述有机溶剂选自乙醇、异丙醇和乙二醇中的一种。
  13. 根据权利要求6所述的用于制备正极复合材料的方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂的添加量为所述包覆溶液的质量的50%-100%。
  14. 根据权利要求6或7所述的用于制备正极复合材料的方法,其特征在于,在所述第二步骤中,干燥的温度在80-120℃的范围内,干燥的时间在4-12h的范围内。
  15. 根据权利要求7所述的用于制备正极复合材料的方法,其特征在于,在所述第二步骤中,所述水浴的温度在60-100℃的范围内。
  16. 根据权利要求6或7所述的用于制备正极复合材料的方法,其特征在于,所述正极活性材料包含通式为LiNi xCo yM zO 2的高镍正极材料,其中x+y+z=1,0.8≤x≤1,0≤y≤0.2,0≤z≤0.1,并且M选自Mn、Al、Mg、Ti、Fe、Cu、Zn、Ga、Zr、Mo、Nb、W和Si中的一种或多种。
  17. 根据权利要求6或7所述的用于制备正极复合材料的方法,其特征在于,所述多糖类有机高分子选自海藻酸钠、阿拉伯胶和瓜尔豆胶中的一种或多种。
  18. 根据权利要求6或7所述的用于制备正极复合材料的方法,其特征在于,基于100质量份的所述正极活性材料,所述包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到3.5质量份的范围内,优选地,所述包覆剂的量在0.01质量份到2.5质量份的范围内。
  19. 一种锂离子二次电池正极,其特征在于,所述锂离子二次电池正极包含权利要求1至5中任一项所述的正极复合材料。
  20. 一种锂离子二次电池,其特征在于,所述锂离子二次电池包括:
    正极,
    负极,以及
    隔膜,
    其特征在于,所述正极包含权利要求1至5中任一项所述的正极复合材料。
PCT/CN2022/124191 2022-01-13 2022-10-09 正极复合材料、其制备方法、正极以及锂离子二次电池 WO2023134234A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US18/756,030 US20240347711A1 (en) 2022-01-13 2024-06-27 Positive electrode composite material, preparation method therefor, positive electrode and lithium ion secondary battery

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210036387.0A CN116487584A (zh) 2022-01-13 2022-01-13 正极复合材料、其制备方法、正极以及锂离子二次电池
CN202210036387.0 2022-01-13

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18/756,030 Continuation US20240347711A1 (en) 2022-01-13 2024-06-27 Positive electrode composite material, preparation method therefor, positive electrode and lithium ion secondary battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023134234A1 true WO2023134234A1 (zh) 2023-07-20

Family

ID=87225466

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/124191 WO2023134234A1 (zh) 2022-01-13 2022-10-09 正极复合材料、其制备方法、正极以及锂离子二次电池

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20240347711A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN116487584A (zh)
WO (1) WO2023134234A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117317223A (zh) * 2023-11-28 2023-12-29 烟台康司坦新材料科技有限公司 活性多孔碳的制备方法及其应用

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101308925A (zh) * 2008-07-04 2008-11-19 深圳市贝特瑞新能源材料股份有限公司 锂离子电池复合包覆正极材料及其制备方法
CN109742347A (zh) * 2018-12-26 2019-05-10 宁波容百新能源科技股份有限公司 一种具有均匀包覆层的高镍正极材料及其制备方法
CN111883765A (zh) * 2020-07-23 2020-11-03 松山湖材料实验室 锂电池正极活性材料及其制备方法和锂电池
JP2021096956A (ja) * 2019-12-17 2021-06-24 三洋化成工業株式会社 リチウムイオン電池用電極

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101308925A (zh) * 2008-07-04 2008-11-19 深圳市贝特瑞新能源材料股份有限公司 锂离子电池复合包覆正极材料及其制备方法
CN109742347A (zh) * 2018-12-26 2019-05-10 宁波容百新能源科技股份有限公司 一种具有均匀包覆层的高镍正极材料及其制备方法
JP2021096956A (ja) * 2019-12-17 2021-06-24 三洋化成工業株式会社 リチウムイオン電池用電極
CN111883765A (zh) * 2020-07-23 2020-11-03 松山湖材料实验室 锂电池正极活性材料及其制备方法和锂电池

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117317223A (zh) * 2023-11-28 2023-12-29 烟台康司坦新材料科技有限公司 活性多孔碳的制备方法及其应用
CN117317223B (zh) * 2023-11-28 2024-02-02 烟台康司坦新材料科技有限公司 活性多孔碳的制备方法及其应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN116487584A (zh) 2023-07-25
US20240347711A1 (en) 2024-10-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP2022009746A (ja) リチウム二次電池用正極活物質およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池
WO2017020860A1 (zh) 电池、电池组以及不间断电源
CN108172893B (zh) 一种锂离子电池
US11211635B2 (en) Battery, battery pack, and uninterruptible power supply
CN101764253A (zh) 二次铝电池及其制备方法
US20240347711A1 (en) Positive electrode composite material, preparation method therefor, positive electrode and lithium ion secondary battery
JP2019526915A (ja) 多孔質ケイ素材料および導電性ポリマーバインダー電極
WO2020078359A1 (zh) 负极极片及电池
CN111540868A (zh) 一种二维二氧化锰修饰聚丙烯隔膜的制备方法和应用
CN115566170A (zh) 一种高能量密度快充锂离子电池负极材料的制备方法
JP2000011991A (ja) 有機電解液二次電池
CN104282952B (zh) 电解液及电池
KR102531615B1 (ko) 수계 바인더를 이용한 그래핀 분리막 개질 방법 및 그 그래핀 분리막과 이를 포함하는 전기화학소자
CN108807929B (zh) 一种储备式锂电池用正极材料的制备方法及产品
WO2023240598A1 (zh) 改性正极材料、其制备方法、正极极片、二次电池、电池模块、电池包和用电装置
WO2007086264A1 (ja) 非水電解液二次電池
WO2016202276A1 (zh) 正极材料及电池
JPH11126600A (ja) リチウムイオン二次電池
JP2024510485A (ja) 負極材料及びその製造方法、並びに全固体リチウム電池
TW202304041A (zh) 鋰離子電池陽極活性材料及其製備方法,以及鋰離子電池陽極和鋰離子電池
CN103247776B (zh) 电极复合材料的制备方法
JP3877147B2 (ja) リチウム電池用正極の製造方法
CN111769254A (zh) 一种超高倍率锂电池及其制造方法
CN107403932B (zh) 电池用正极、其制备方法以及具有该正极的电池
CN113206215B (zh) 一种正极活性材料、正极材料及锂离子电池

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22919868

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE