WO2023130512A1 - 阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法 - Google Patents

阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023130512A1
WO2023130512A1 PCT/CN2022/072976 CN2022072976W WO2023130512A1 WO 2023130512 A1 WO2023130512 A1 WO 2023130512A1 CN 2022072976 W CN2022072976 W CN 2022072976W WO 2023130512 A1 WO2023130512 A1 WO 2023130512A1
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Prior art keywords
polyester
flame
spinneret
melt
annular
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PCT/CN2022/072976
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戚栋明
李家炜
严小飞
卢宏庆
蒋力明
孙娟
马建华
周勇
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浙江昊能科技有限公司
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Priority to JP2022568582A priority Critical patent/JP7454138B2/ja
Publication of WO2023130512A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023130512A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/08—Supporting spinnerettes or other parts of spinnerette packs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/20—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with varying denier along their length
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/07—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making fire- or flame-proof filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of fiber preparation, in particular to a method for preparing a flame-retardant and drop-resistant polyester nylon composite fiber.
  • polyester-nylon composite fibers include coarse denier and fine denier composite fibers.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of flame-retardant and anti-melt-dripping polyester-nylon composite fibers, which can realize better flame-retardant and anti-melt-drop effects of polyester-nylon composite fibers, and can be widely used It is used in places with high fire safety requirements, and polyester-nylon composite fibers of different thicknesses can be prepared according to the needs.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
  • a method for preparing a flame-retardant anti-melt drop polyester nylon composite fiber comprising the following steps:
  • polyester melt and the nylon melt are transported to the spinning box for mixing, they are sprayed out through the spinneret holes on the spinneret, and cooled to obtain a finished product of flame-retardant and droplet-resistant polyester-nylon composite fiber of required thickness.
  • polyester chips silicone resin, phosphine phosphine propionic acid and antimony trioxide are respectively 70-90 parts, 15-20 parts, 30-35 parts and 1-5 parts by weight.
  • nylon chips, tetramethylol glycoluril and 4-hydroxymethyl phosphorus sulfate are respectively 70-80 parts, 25-30 parts and 10-15 parts by weight.
  • the spinneret is installed in the spinning box, and the adjustment cylinder is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the spinneret, and the bottom wall of the adjustment cylinder is provided with a plurality of penetrating annular through holes, and the annular through holes are coaxial with the adjustment cylinder; the spinneret hole
  • the internal fixation is provided with a variable diameter part, and the end of the variable diameter part outside the spinneret hole is provided with a limiting part; a connecting structure is arranged in the annular through hole, and the limiting part slides on the connecting structure.
  • the connecting structure includes two annular fixing plates and a plurality of connecting plates fixed between the two annular fixing plates; the two annular fixing plates are respectively fixed on the inner walls on both sides of the bottom of the annular through hole; the connecting plates and The variable diameter parts are close to each other.
  • the limiting part includes two arc-shaped limiting plates distributed symmetrically with respect to the diameter reducing part, and the lower end of the arc-shaped limiting plate is in contact with the upper end of the annular fixing plate.
  • the reducing part includes a connecting pipe and a deforming pipe; the upper end of the connecting pipe is detachably connected in the spinneret hole, and the lower end of the connecting pipe extends to the lower side of the spinneret hole to be fixed with the deforming pipe; the arc-shaped limiting plate is fixed on the deformed On the outer wall of the tube bottom, the lower end surface of the deformed tube is flush with the upper surface of the annular fixing plate, and the lower end surface of the deformed tube is flush with or higher than the upper surface of the connecting plate.
  • the connecting pipe is made of rigid material
  • the deformed pipe is made of elastic material
  • the middle part of the deformed pipe has a folding point, and the upper and lower parts of the deformed pipe are deformed relative to the middle folding point when subjected to the extrusion force in the vertical direction.
  • the connecting structure includes two annular fixing plates and a plurality of connecting plates; the two annular fixing plates are respectively fixed on the inner walls on both sides of the bottom of the annular through hole, and the annular fixing plates are located on the lower side of the connecting plates; one end of the connecting plates It is rotatably connected with the inner wall of one side of the annular through hole, and the other end of the connecting plate is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the other side of the annular through hole; there is at most one connecting plate between every two adjacent diameter reducing parts.
  • the present invention has the advantages of:
  • This solution can achieve better flame-retardant and anti-droplet effects of polyester-nylon composite fibers, and can be widely used in places with high fire safety requirements, and can be prepared to meet the needs of polyester-nylon composite fibers of different thicknesses.
  • connection plate Through the rotational connection between the connection plate and the inner wall of the annular through hole, on the one hand, the connection and fixation of the multi-section adjustment cylinder can be realized, and on the other hand, during the rotation of the adjustment cylinder, the connection plate is always above the outlet of the deformation tube, It is not easy to hinder the normal feeding of the deformed tube, and the melt is not easy to drip on the connecting plate.
  • the deformation tube is driven to be folded and deformed through the rotation and upward movement of the adjustment cylinder.
  • the adjustment barrel can be fixed at any position, and on the other hand, the extrusion of the deformed tube can be judged by adjusting the number of turns of the thread of the barrel. degree of deformation.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is the explosion diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the spinneret, the variable diameter part and the adjusting cylinder part of Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the diameter reducing part and the adjusting cylinder part of Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the reducing portion and the limiting portion of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of deformation of the deformed tube under extrusion force in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the connecting plate and the adjusting cylinder according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • nylon chips, tetramethylol glycoluril and 4-hydroxymethyl phosphorus sulfate are mixed evenly into a screw extruder according to a certain ratio and melted and extruded to obtain a nylon melt;
  • polyester melt and nylon melt are transported to the spinning box for mixing, they are sprayed out through the spinneret holes 1-1 on the spinneret 1, and cooled to obtain flame-retardant and droplet-resistant polyester-nylon composite fibers of required thickness. finished product.
  • polyester chips, silicone resin, phosphine oxide propionic acid and antimony trioxide are respectively 70-90 parts, 15-20 parts, 30-35 parts and 1-5 parts by weight; specifically, polyester chips, silicon Resin, hydroxyphenoxyphosphine propionic acid and antimony trioxide are respectively 80 parts, 15 parts, 30 parts and 5 parts by weight; by adding silicone resin and hydroxyphenoxyphosphine propionic acid, the polyester melt has resistance
  • the antimony antimony performance, the addition of antimony trioxide can make the active ingredients among polyester chips, silicone resin, and phosphine phosphine propionic acid fully exerted.
  • Nylon chips, tetramethylol glycoluril and 4-hydroxymethyl phosphorus sulfate are 70-80 parts, 25-30 parts and 10-15 parts by weight respectively, specifically, nylon chips, tetramethylol glycoluril and 4-hydroxymethyl phosphorus sulfate are respectively 70 parts, 30 parts and 10 parts in parts by weight, and the addition of tetramethylol glycoluril and 4-hydroxymethyl phosphorus sulfate makes the nylon melt have flame retardant and anti-droplet properties. performance.
  • the spinneret 1 is installed in the spinning box, and the adjustment cylinder 2 is screwed on the outer wall of the spinneret 1.
  • the bottom wall of the adjustment cylinder 2 is provided with a plurality of penetrating annular through-holes 2-1, and the annular through-holes 2-1 are connected with the adjustment cylinder. 2 coaxial centers; the diameter-reducing part 4 is fixed inside the spinneret hole 1-1, and the end of the diameter-reducing part 4 outside the spinneret hole 1-1 is provided with a limiting part 5; the annular through hole 2-1 is provided with a connecting structure, the limiting part 5 slides on the connecting structure.
  • the connecting structure includes two annular fixing plates 3-1 and a plurality of connecting plates 3-2 fixed between the two annular fixing plates 3-1; the two annular fixing plates 3-1 are respectively fixed in the annular through holes 2 - On the inner walls of both sides of the bottom of -1; the connecting plate 3-2 is close to the variable diameter part 4, and the appropriate distance between the connecting plate 3-2 and the variable diameter part 4 is set so that the adjustment cylinder 2 is aligned with the spinneret 1
  • the connecting plate 3-2 is not easy to move the variable diameter portion. 4.
  • the blanking is hindered.
  • the limiting part 5 includes two arc-shaped limiting plates symmetrically distributed with respect to the reducing part 4, the lower end of the arc-shaped limiting plate is in contact with the upper end of the annular fixing plate 3-1, when the adjusting cylinder 2 rotates relative to the spinneret 1,
  • the annular fixed plate 3-1 rotates relative to the arc-shaped limiting plate, and at the same time the annular fixed plate 3-1 follows the rotation of the adjustment cylinder 2 to generate an upward displacement, and the upward movement of the annular fixed plate 3-1 can drive the arc-shaped limiting part to move upward.
  • the reducing part 4 includes a connecting pipe 4-1 and a deforming pipe 4-2; the upper end of the connecting pipe 4-1 is detachably connected in the spinneret hole 1-1, and the connecting pipe 4-1 is threadedly connected with the spinneret hole 1-1,
  • the lower end of the connecting pipe 4-1 extends to the lower side of the spinneret hole 1-1 and is fixed with the deformation pipe 4-2; the arc-shaped limiting plate is fixed on the outer wall of the bottom of the deformation pipe 4-2, and the lower end surface of the deformation pipe 4-2 is connected with the deformation pipe 4-2.
  • the upper end surface of the annular fixing plate 3-1 is flush, and the lower end surface of the deformation tube 4-2 is flush with the upper end surface of the connecting plate 3-2 or higher than the upper end surface of the connecting plate 3-2.
  • the connecting pipe 4-1 is made of rigid material
  • the deformed pipe 4-2 is made of elastic material
  • the deformed pipe 4-2 is a straight tubular structure
  • the middle part of the deformed pipe 4-2 has a folding point, when subjected to the extrusion force in the vertical direction
  • the upper and lower parts of the deformation tube 4-2 are deformed relative to the middle folding point.
  • the inner diameter of the deformed tube 4-2 becomes smaller, and the number of clockwise rotations of the adjusting cylinder 2 is controlled according to the thickness of the composite fiber to be prepared, and then the inner diameter at the intermediate inflection point of the deformed tube 4-2 is controlled, so that the The size of the inner diameter can extrude composite fibers of suitable thickness.
  • the connection structure includes two annular fixing plates 3-1 and a plurality of connecting plates 3-2; the two annular fixing plates 3-1 are respectively fixed on the inner walls on both sides of the bottom of the annular through hole 2-1,
  • the annular fixing plate 3-1 is located at the lower side of the connecting plate 3-2; one end of the connecting plate 3-2 is rotationally connected with the inner wall of one side of the annular through hole 2-1, and the other end of the connecting plate 3-2 is connected with the annular through hole 2-1
  • the inner wall on the other side is rotationally connected; there is at most one connecting plate 3-2 between each two adjacent reducing parts 4; during the rotation of the adjustment cylinder 2, the deformation tube 4-2 contacts the connecting plate 3-2 to drive the connecting plate 3-2.
  • the plate 3-2 slides on the inner wall of the annular through hole 2-1, and the connecting plate 3-2 not only realizes the fixing of the adjustment cylinder 2, but also hardly affects the movement of the deformation tube 4-2 in the annular through hole 2-1.
  • connection plate 3-2 Through the rotational connection between the connection plate 3-2 and the inner wall of the annular through hole 2-1, on the one hand, the connection and fixation of the multi-section adjustment cylinder 2 can be realized; on the other hand, during the rotation of the adjustment cylinder 2, the connection plate 3-2 Always above the outlet of the deformed tube 4-2, it is not easy to hinder the normal feeding of the deformed tube 4-2, and the melt is not easy to drip on the connecting plate 3-2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，属于纤维制备领域。该制备方法包括以下步骤：S1、将涤纶切片、硅树脂、羟基苯氧膦丙酸和三氧化二锑按照一定配比混合均匀加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压得到涤纶熔体；S2、将锦纶切片、四羟甲基甘脲和4-羟甲基硫酸磷按照一定配比混合均匀加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压得到锦纶熔体；S3、预先通过调整筒对喷丝板上的喷丝孔的孔径大小进行调整；S4、将涤纶熔体和锦纶熔体输送至纺丝箱体内混合后，通过喷丝板上的喷丝孔喷出，冷却得所需粗细的阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维成品。

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及纤维制备领域，更具体地说，涉及一种阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法。
背景技术
由于合成纤维的极限氧指数低，易燃烧，因此每年由于合成纤维易燃发生的火灾对人民的生命财产安全造成了严重的威胁。合成纤维的阻燃研究早已成为全球关注的问题。向合成纤维中加入阻燃剂，使其具有阻燃性是目前解决合成纤维易燃问题的行之有效方法。自上世纪70年代以来国内外对阻燃合成纤维的研究和开发做了大量的工作并且已经有许多都实现了商品化生产。
涤锦复合纤维的燃烧过程是先受热熔融，燃烧的同时有熔融物滴落的现象，将火源转移至其他介质，从而带来更大的火灾，因此对涤纶纤维的阻燃及其抗熔滴改性就显得尤为重要；同时涤锦复合纤维包括粗旦和细旦复合纤维，在制备不同粗细的复合纤维时，需要更换具备不同直径喷丝孔的喷丝板，更换操作较为麻烦，且易造成资源成本的浪费。
发明内容
1.要解决的技术问题
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，它可以实现涤锦复合纤维的较好的阻燃烧抗熔滴效果，可广泛应用于防火安全要求高的场所，且可适应需求制备出不同粗细的涤锦复合纤维。
2.技术方案
为解决上述问题，本发明采用如下的技术方案。
一种阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将涤纶切片、硅树脂、羟基苯氧膦丙酸和三氧化二锑按照一定配比混合均匀加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压得到涤纶熔体；
S2、将锦纶切片、四羟甲基甘脲和4-羟甲基硫酸磷按照一定配比混合均匀加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压得到锦纶熔体；
S3、预先通过调整筒对喷丝板上的喷丝孔的孔径大小进行调整；
S4、将涤纶熔体和锦纶熔体输送至纺丝箱体内混合后，通过喷丝板上的喷丝孔喷出，冷却得所需粗细的阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维成品。
进一步的，涤纶切片、硅树脂、羟基苯氧膦丙酸和三氧化二锑按照重量份计分别为70-90份、15-20份、30-35份和1-5份。
进一步的，锦纶切片、四羟甲基甘脲和4-羟甲基硫酸磷按照重量份计分别为70-80份、25-30份和10-15份。
进一步的，喷丝板安装在纺丝箱体内，调整筒螺纹连接在喷丝板外壁，调整筒底壁开设有多个贯穿的环形通孔，环形通孔与调整筒共轴心；喷丝孔内固定设有变径部，变径部位于喷丝孔外的一端设有限位部；环形通孔内设有连接结构，限位部在连接结构上滑动。
进一步的，连接结构包括两个环形固定板和固定设于两个环形固定板之间的多个连接板；两个环形固定板分别固定设于环形通孔底部的两侧内壁上；连接板与变径部相靠近。
进一步的，限位部包括两个关于变径部对称分布的弧形限位板，弧形限位板下端与环形固定板上端相接触。
进一步的，变径部包括连接管和变形管；连接管上端可拆卸连接于喷丝孔内，连接管下端延伸至喷丝孔下侧与变形管相固定；弧形限位板固定设于 变形管底部外壁上，变形管下端面与环形固定板上端面相平齐，变形管下端面与连接板上端面相平齐或高于连接板上端面。
进一步的，连接管为硬性材质，变形管为弹性材质，且变形管中间部位具有折点，受竖直方向上的挤压力时变形管上下两部分相对中间折点发生变形。
进一步的，连接结构包括两个环形固定板和多个连接板；两个环形固定板分别固定设于环形通孔底部的两侧内壁上，环形固定板位于连接板的下侧；连接板其中一端与环形通孔一侧内壁转动连接，连接板另外一端与环形通孔另一侧内壁转动连接；每相邻的两个变径部之间至多有一个连接板。
3.有益效果
相比于现有技术，本发明的优点在于：
(一)本方案可以实现涤锦复合纤维的较好的阻燃烧抗熔滴效果，可广泛应用于防火安全要求高的场所，且可适应需求制备出不同粗细的涤锦复合纤维。
(二)通过连接板与环形通孔内壁之间的转动连接方式，一方面可以实现对多段调整筒的连接固定，另一方面调整筒转动的过程中，连接板始终在变形管的出口上方，不易对变形管的正常下料造成阻碍，熔体不易滴落在连接板上。
(三)通过调整筒的转动上移操作驱动变形管发生折叠变形，调整筒上移距离越大，变形管的折叠变形越大，可供混合熔体挤出的孔径越小。
(四)通过调整筒与喷丝板之间的螺纹连接的方式，一方面可实现调整筒移动任意位置均能固定，另一方面可通过调整筒的螺纹转动圈数来判断变形管的挤压变形程度。
(五)通过连接板与环形固定板之间的固定连接，一方面可以实现对多段调整筒的连接固定，另一方面不易影响变径部与调整筒之间的相对转动。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例1的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的实施例1的爆炸图；
图3为本发明的实施例1的喷丝板、变径部和调整筒部分的剖面结构示意图；
图4为本发明的实施例1的变径部和调整筒部分的剖面结构示意图；
图5为本发明的实施例1的变径部和限位部的结构示意图；
图6为本发明的实施例1的变形管受到挤压力变形的结构示意图；
图7为本发明的实施例2的连接板与调整筒之间的连接结构示意图。
图中标号说明：
1喷丝板、1-1喷丝孔；
2调整筒、2-1环形通孔；
3-1环形固定板、3-2连接板；
4变径部、4-1连接管、4-2变形管；
5限位部。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
请参阅图1-6的一种阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，它包括以下步骤：
S1、将涤纶切片、硅树脂、羟基苯氧膦丙酸和三氧化二锑按照一定配比混合均匀加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压得到涤纶熔体；
S2、将锦纶切片、四羟甲基甘脲和4-羟甲基硫酸磷按照一定配比混合均 匀加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压得到锦纶熔体；
S3、预先通过调整筒2对喷丝板1上的喷丝孔1-1的孔径大小进行调整；
S4、将涤纶熔体和锦纶熔体输送至纺丝箱体内混合后，通过喷丝板1上的喷丝孔1-1喷出，冷却得所需粗细的阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维成品。
涤纶切片、硅树脂、羟基苯氧膦丙酸和三氧化二锑按照重量份计分别为70-90份、15-20份、30-35份和1-5份；具体的，涤纶切片、硅树脂、羟基苯氧膦丙酸和三氧化二锑按照重量份计分别为80份、15份、30份和5份；通过硅树脂、羟基苯氧膦丙酸的加入，使得涤纶熔体具有阻燃抗熔滴的性能，三氧化二锑的加入可使得涤纶切片、硅树脂、羟基苯氧膦丙酸之间的有效成分发挥充分。
锦纶切片、四羟甲基甘脲和4-羟甲基硫酸磷按照重量份计分别为70-80份、25-30份和10-15份，具体的，锦纶切片、四羟甲基甘脲和4-羟甲基硫酸磷按照重量份计分别为70份、30份和10份，通过四羟甲基甘脲和4-羟甲基硫酸磷的加入使得锦纶熔体具有阻燃抗熔滴的性能。
喷丝板1安装在纺丝箱体内，调整筒2螺纹连接在喷丝板1外壁，调整筒2底壁开设有多个贯穿的环形通孔2-1，环形通孔2-1与调整筒2共轴心；喷丝孔1-1内固定设有变径部4，变径部4位于喷丝孔1-1外的一端设有限位部5；环形通孔2-1内设有连接结构，限位部5在连接结构上滑动。
连接结构包括两个环形固定板3-1和固定设于两个环形固定板3-1之间的多个连接板3-2；两个环形固定板3-1分别固定设于环形通孔2-1底部的两侧内壁上；连接板3-2与变径部4相靠近，设置好连接板3-2与变径部4之间的合适距离，使得调整筒2相对喷丝板1顺时针转动至最大限度时，与连接板3-2靠近的变径部4的相邻的变径部4仍未转动至连接板3-2位置处，进而连接板3-2不易对变径部4的下料造成阻碍。
限位部5包括两个关于变径部4对称分布的弧形限位板，弧形限位板下端与环形固定板3-1上端相接触，当调整筒2相对喷丝板1转动时，环形固定板3-1相对弧形限位板转动，同时环形固定板3-1跟随调整筒2的转动产生向上的位移，环形固定板3-1向上移动可驱动弧形限位部上移。
变径部4包括连接管4-1和变形管4-2；连接管4-1上端可拆卸连接于喷丝孔1-1内，连接管4-1与喷丝孔1-1螺纹连接，连接管4-1下端延伸至喷丝孔1-1下侧与变形管4-2相固定；弧形限位板固定设于变形管4-2底部外壁上，变形管4-2下端面与环形固定板3-1上端面相平齐，变形管4-2下端面与连接板3-2上端面相平齐或高于连接板3-2上端面。
连接管4-1为硬性材质，变形管4-2为弹性材质，变形管4-2为直管状结构，且变形管4-2中间部位具有折点，受竖直方向上的挤压力时变形管4-2上下两部分相对中间折点发生变形，当调整筒2带动环形固定板3-1上移驱动限位部5带动变形管4-2变形上移后，恢复原位时在变形管4-2的弹力作用下，变形管4-2可恢复至原始的直管状结构。
调整混合熔体的挤出直径时，顺时针转动调整筒2，使调整筒2相对喷丝板1逐渐向上移动，调整筒2上移的过程中带动限位部5上移，而连接管4-1的顶部位置固定，因而限位部5上移时会对变形管4-2造成挤压，变形管4-2的上部和下部开始向中间折点处发生形变，导致中间折点处的变形管4-2的内径变小，根据需要制得的复合纤维的粗细来控制调整筒2顺时针转动的圈数，进而控制变形管4-2的中间折点处的内径大小，以使该内径大小能挤出合适粗细的复合纤维。
实施例2：
请参阅图7，连接结构包括两个环形固定板3-1和多个连接板3-2；两个环形固定板3-1分别固定设于环形通孔2-1底部的两侧内壁上，环形固定板 3-1位于连接板3-2的下侧；连接板3-2其中一端与环形通孔2-1一侧内壁转动连接，连接板3-2另外一端与环形通孔2-1另一侧内壁转动连接；每相邻的两个变径部4之间至多有一个连接板3-2；调整筒2转动过程中，变形管4-2接触到连接板3-2会驱使连接板3-2在环形通孔2-1内壁滑动，连接板3-2既实现了对调整筒2的固定，又不易影响变形管4-2在环形通孔2-1内的移动。
通过连接板3-2与环形通孔2-1内壁之间的转动连接方式，一方面可以实现对多段调整筒2的连接固定，另一方面调整筒2转动的过程中，连接板3-2始终在变形管4-2的出口上方，不易对变形管4-2的正常下料造成阻碍，熔体不易滴落在连接板3-2上。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    S1、将涤纶切片、硅树脂、羟基苯氧膦丙酸和三氧化二锑按照一定配比混合均匀加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压得到涤纶熔体；
    S2、将锦纶切片、四羟甲基甘脲和4-羟甲基硫酸磷按照一定配比混合均匀加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压得到锦纶熔体；
    S3、预先通过调整筒(2)对喷丝板(1)上的喷丝孔(1-1)的孔径大小进行调整；
    S4、将涤纶熔体和锦纶熔体输送至纺丝箱体内混合后，通过喷丝板(1)上的喷丝孔(1-1)喷出，冷却得所需粗细的阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维成品。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：涤纶切片、硅树脂、羟基苯氧膦丙酸和三氧化二锑按照重量份计分别为70-90份、15-20份、30-35份和1-5份。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：锦纶切片、四羟甲基甘脲和4-羟甲基硫酸磷按照重量份计分别为70-80份、25-30份和10-15份。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：喷丝板(1)安装在纺丝箱体内，调整筒(2)螺纹连接在喷丝板(1)外壁，调整筒(2)底壁开设有多个贯穿的环形通孔(2-1)，环形通孔(2-1)与调整筒(2)共轴心；
    喷丝孔(1-1)内固定设有变径部(4)，变径部(4)位于喷丝孔(1-1)外的一端设有限位部(5)；
    环形通孔(2-1)内设有连接结构，限位部(5)在连接结构上滑动。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其 特征在于：连接结构包括两个环形固定板(3-1)和固定设于两个环形固定板(3-1)之间的多个连接板(3-2)；
    两个环形固定板(3-1)分别固定设于环形通孔(2-1)底部的两侧内壁上；
    连接板(3-2)与变径部(4)相靠近。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：限位部(5)包括两个关于变径部(4)对称分布的弧形限位板，弧形限位板下端与环形固定板(3-1)上端相接触。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：变径部(4)包括连接管(4-1)和变形管(4-2)；
    连接管(4-1)上端可拆卸连接于喷丝孔(1-1)内，连接管(4-1)下端延伸至喷丝孔(1-1)下侧与变形管(4-2)相固定；
    弧形限位板固定设于变形管(4-2)底部外壁上，变形管(4-2)下端面与环形固定板(3-1)上端面相平齐，变形管(4-2)下端面与连接板(3-2)上端面相平齐或高于连接板(3-2)上端面。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：连接管(4-1)为硬性材质，变形管(4-2)为弹性材质，且变形管(4-2)中间部位具有折点，受竖直方向上的挤压力时变形管(4-2)上下两部分相对中间折点发生变形。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的一种阻燃抗熔滴涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：连接结构包括两个环形固定板(3-1)和多个连接板(3-2)；
    两个环形固定板(3-1)分别固定设于环形通孔(2-1)底部的两侧内壁上，环形固定板(3-1)位于连接板(3-2)的下侧；
    连接板(3-2)其中一端与环形通孔(2-1)一侧内壁转动连接，连接板 (3-2)另外一端与环形通孔(2-1)另一侧内壁转动连接；
    每相邻的两个变径部(4)之间至多有一个连接板(3-2)。
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