WO2023130511A1 - 一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2023130511A1
WO2023130511A1 PCT/CN2022/072975 CN2022072975W WO2023130511A1 WO 2023130511 A1 WO2023130511 A1 WO 2023130511A1 CN 2022072975 W CN2022072975 W CN 2022072975W WO 2023130511 A1 WO2023130511 A1 WO 2023130511A1
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dye
doped
bio
easy
composite fiber
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PCT/CN2022/072975
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English (en)
French (fr)
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戚栋明
李家炜
严小飞
卢宏庆
蒋力明
孙娟
马建华
周勇
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浙江昊能科技有限公司
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent

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  • the invention relates to the field of fiber preparation, in particular to a method for preparing an easy-to-dye bio-based polyester-nylon composite fiber.
  • nylon fibers on the market are relatively short, and have problems such as rough hand feeling, poor flexibility, poor air permeability, poor water absorption, and easy pilling.
  • ultra-fine nylon fibers began to appear on the market, which are soft to the touch and comfortable to wear.
  • the quality of ultra-fine nylon fibers on the market is not high, the fibers are easy to break, difficult to dye, low in grade, high in defective products, and poor in economic benefits.
  • polyester is a relatively simple synthetic fiber. It has the characteristics of durability, good elasticity, not easy to deform, easy to wash and dry, and corrosion resistance. If the superfine denier nylon and polyester can be compounded together, a higher quality composite fiber can be obtained.
  • polyester-nylon composite fiber The current production process of polyester-nylon composite fiber is simply twisted polyester fiber and nylon fiber. This simple twisted composite fiber brings certain difficulties to post-processing due to the different fiber properties, such as uniform dyeing. problems, etc., but if coating compounding is used, in the production of functional polyester-nylon composite superfine fibers, the addition of functional materials will change the drawing performance of these fiber materials, which will bring certain benefits to the realization of coating. difficulty.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of easy-to-dye bio-based polyester nylon composite fiber, which can form permeable channels on the surface or inside of the composite fiber through the setting of the blending parts, so that the composite fiber
  • the fiber has better moisture absorption, perspiration, breathability, and is easy to dye.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
  • a kind of preparation method of dyeable bio-based polyester nylon composite fiber comprises the following steps:
  • polyester chips After mixing polyester chips, dimethyl isophthalate, glutaric acid and polytrimethylene terephthalate according to a suitable proportion, they are added to a screw extruder for melt extrusion to obtain a melt A;
  • polyester chips dimethyl isophthalate, glutaric acid and polytrimethylene terephthalate are respectively in parts by weight: 60-80 parts, 20-25 parts, 30-40 parts servings and 35-50 servings.
  • nylon chips blending of nylon chips, nano-silica and polytrimethylene terephthalate is respectively in parts by weight: 70-75 parts, 15-20 parts and 30-45 parts.
  • the doped spheres are dissolved, and a plurality of first spherical holes distributed at intervals are formed on the surface and inside of the filament.
  • the blending piece includes a doping cord and a plurality of doping balls arranged at intervals on the doping cord, and both the doping balls and the doping cord are made of modified polyvinyl alcohol as the main material.
  • the doped thread and the doped ball are dissolved, and the thread hole and the second ball hole connected to each other are formed on the surface and inside of the filament.
  • the filaments ejected from the spinning hole contain at least one doped thread.
  • the blending piece includes a plurality of doped wires, the doped wires are made of modified polyvinyl alcohol as the main material, and the doped wires are discretely distributed in the filaments.
  • the doped thread is dissolved, and elongated holes are formed on the surface and inside of the filament.
  • the present invention has the advantages of:
  • permeation channels can be formed on the surface or inside of the composite fiber, so that the composite fiber has better moisture absorption, perspiration, and air permeability, and is easy to dye.
  • the doped ball is made of modified polyvinyl alcohol as the main material.
  • Modified polyvinyl alcohol has many hydroxyl groups on its macromolecular chain, by reducing the relative molecular mass of modified polyvinyl alcohol and increasing the distance between molecules, It makes water molecules easily penetrate into the side groups of macromolecules, so it is water-soluble and can be completely dissolved in water at a certain temperature without affecting the environment.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation before mixing the blending piece of embodiment 1 of the present invention and mixed melt A and B;
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the filament of embodiment 1 of the present invention forms
  • Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram when the first spherical hole is formed on the surface and inside of the filament according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the blending part of Example 2 of the present invention and mixed melts A and B before mixing;
  • Fig. 5 is the structural representation that the long filament of embodiment 2 of the present invention forms
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surface and inside of the filament according to Example 2 of the present invention when the wire hole and the second ball hole are formed.
  • polyester chips After mixing polyester chips, dimethyl isophthalate, glutaric acid and polytrimethylene terephthalate according to a suitable proportion, they are added to a screw extruder for melt extrusion to obtain a melt A;
  • the proportions of polyester chips, dimethyl isophthalate, glutaric acid and polytrimethylene terephthalate are respectively in parts by weight: 60-80 parts, 20-25 parts, 30-40 parts and 35 parts -50 parts; specifically 70 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts and 35 parts, the addition of polytrimethylene terephthalate can make the finished product have good stain resistance, antistatic property, softness and wrinkle resistance At the same time, it can make it easier for dyes to enter the interior of the fiber, with good dyeing performance and no harm to the environment; the addition of dimethyl isophthalate and glutaric acid can make the internal channel of the finished fiber easier to open, It is convenient for the dye to enter and has good dyeing performance.
  • the coordination between nylon chips, nano silicon dioxide and polytrimethylene terephthalate is respectively: 70-75 parts, 15-20 parts and 30-45 parts by weight; specifically, 75 parts, 20 parts and 30 parts, the addition of nano-silica can make the finished fiber have optical properties against ultraviolet rays, can improve its anti-aging, strength and chemical resistance, and can also improve the performance of coloring dyes.
  • the blending piece includes a plurality of doped balls 1, the doped balls 1 are made of modified polyvinyl alcohol as the main material, and the modified polyvinyl alcohol has many hydroxyl groups on its macromolecular chain, by reducing the modified polyvinyl alcohol The relative molecular mass and the increased intermolecular distance make water molecules easily penetrate into the side groups of macromolecules, so they are water-soluble and can be completely dissolved in water at a certain temperature without affecting the environment.
  • the doped balls 1 are discretely distributed in in filament.
  • the doped balls 1 are dissolved, and a plurality of first spherical holes 2 distributed at intervals are formed on the surface and inside of the filament.
  • the wet and breathable permeation channel makes the dye color better, and the dye is more easily dispersed in the composite fiber and absorbed better.
  • the blending piece comprises doping wire rope 3 and the doping ball 1 that is arranged on the doping wire rope 3 and a plurality of interval distribution, and doping ball 1 and doping wire rope 3 are modified by Polyvinyl alcohol is the main material.
  • the doped thread 3 and the doped ball 1 are dissolved, and the surface and interior of the filament form a connected thread hole 4 and a second ball hole 5, between the thread hole 4 and the second ball hole 5 Interconnection makes the moisture absorption, moisture removal and ventilation channels inside the composite fiber communicate with each other, and the moisture absorption, moisture removal and air permeability are better, and the dyeability is better at the same time.
  • the filaments sprayed out through the spinning holes contain at least one doped thread 3, the number of doped threads 3 is one to achieve the effect of moisture absorption, dehumidification and ventilation, and the number of doped threads 3 is multiple. Wet and breathable effect is better.
  • the blend includes a plurality of doped wires 3, the doped wires 3 are made of modified polyvinyl alcohol as the main material, the doped wires 3 are discretely distributed in the filaments, and only the doped wires 3 and the melt
  • the mixed melt of A and B is mixed, compared with adding the doped ball 1, because the cross-sectional area of the doped wire 3 is smaller, it can be better mixed with the mixed melt.
  • the doped thread 3 is dissolved, and elongated holes are formed on the surface and inside of the filament.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，属于纤维制备领域。一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，包括以下步骤：S1、将涤纶切片、间苯二甲酸二甲酯、戊二酸和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯按照合适的配比混合后加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压，得到熔体A；S2、将锦纶切片、纳米二氧化硅和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯按照合适的配比混合后加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压，得到熔体B；S3、将熔体A和熔体B输送至纺丝箱体中进行混合，混合一段时间后，加入共混件继续混合，得到混合熔体；S4、将混合熔体经纺丝孔喷出成长丝，冷却后再将长丝置于热水中一段时间，待长丝表面或内部产生缝隙后取出晾干，即得易染生物基涤锦复合纤维。

Description

一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及纤维制备领域，更具体地说，涉及一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高，对纺织品的要求也越来越高，目前市面上的锦纶纤维较短，存在手感粗糙、柔韧性差、透气性差、吸水性差、易起球等问题。随之市面上开始出现超细旦锦纶纤维，手感柔软、穿着舒服，但是市面上的超细旦锦纶纤维的质量不高，纤维容易断裂、不易染色、等级低、次品率高、经济效益差。而另一方面，涤纶又是一种较为简单的合成纤维，他有着结实耐用、弹性好、不易变形、易洗快干、耐腐蚀等特点。如果能够将超细旦锦纶和涤纶复合在一起，或能得到质量较高的复合纤维。
目前的涤锦复合纤维的生产工艺是将涤纶纤维和锦纶纤维简单加捻而成，这种简单加捻的复合纤维，由于纤维性能的不同，给后处理带来了一定的难度，如均匀染色问题等，但如采用包覆复合，那么在功能性的涤锦复合超细纤维的生产中，又由于功能性材料的加入，会改变这些纤维材料的拉丝性能，给包覆的实现带来一定的难度。
发明内容
1.要解决的技术问题
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，它可以通过共混件的设置，使复合纤维表面或内部形成渗透通道，使复合纤维具有更好的吸湿、排汗、透气性，且易于染色。
2.技术方案
为解决上述问题，本发明采用如下的技术方案。
一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将涤纶切片、间苯二甲酸二甲酯、戊二酸和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯按照合适的配比混合后加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压，得到熔体A；
S2、将锦纶切片、纳米二氧化硅和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯按照合适的配比混合后加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压，得到熔体B；
S3、将熔体A和熔体B输送至纺丝箱体中进行混合，混合一段时间后，加入共混件继续混合，得到混合熔体；
S4、将混合熔体经纺丝孔喷出成长丝，冷却后再将长丝置于热水中一段时间，待长丝表面或内部产生缝隙后取出晾干，即得易染生物基涤锦复合纤维。
进一步的，涤纶切片、间苯二甲酸二甲酯、戊二酸和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯之间的配比按照重量份计分别为：60-80份、20-25份、30-40份和35-50份。
进一步的，锦纶切片、纳米二氧化硅和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯之间的配合按照重量份计分别为：70-75份、15-20份和30-45份。
进一步的，共混件包括多个掺杂球，掺杂球由改性聚乙烯醇为主要材料制成，掺杂球离散分布于长丝中。
进一步的，长丝置于热水中后，掺杂球被溶解，长丝表面和内部形成多个间隔分布的第一球孔。
进一步的，共混件包括掺杂线绳和设置于掺杂线绳上的多个间隔分布的掺杂球，掺杂球和掺杂线绳均由改性聚乙烯醇为主要材料制成。
进一步的，长丝置于热水中后，掺杂线绳和掺杂球被溶解，长丝表面和内部形成连通的线孔和第二球孔。
进一步的，经纺丝孔喷出而成的长丝中包含有至少一个掺杂线绳。
进一步的，共混件包括多个掺杂线绳，掺杂线绳由改性聚乙烯醇为主要材料制成，掺杂线绳离散分布于长丝中。
进一步的，长丝置于热水中后，掺杂线绳被溶解，长丝表面和内部形成细长条形孔。
3.有益效果
相比于现有技术，本发明的优点在于：
(一)本方案可以通过共混件的设置，使复合纤维表面或内部形成渗透通道，使复合纤维具有更好的吸湿、排汗、透气性，且易于染色。
(二)掺杂球由改性聚乙烯醇为主要材料制成，改性聚乙烯醇，由于其大分子链上有许多羟基，通过降低改性聚乙烯醇相对分子质量和增加分子间距离,使水分子容易渗透到大分子侧基中,因此具有水溶性,在一定温度的水中能全部溶解，且不会对环境产生影响。
(三)通过使掺杂球或掺杂线绳和掺杂球或掺杂线绳被溶解，使得复合纤维表面或内部可形成相应的渗透通道，一方面使得复合纤维的吸湿、排湿和透气性好，另一方面使得染料上色性更好，染料更易在复合纤维中分散开被更好吸收。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例1的共混件与混合的熔体A和B混合前的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的实施例1的长丝形成的结构示意图；
图3为本发明的实施例1的长丝表面和内部形成第一球孔时的结构示意图；
图4为本发明的实施例2的共混件与混合的熔体A和B混合前的结构示意图；
图5为本发明的实施例2的长丝形成的结构示意图；
图6为本发明的实施例2的长丝表面和内部形成线孔和第二球孔时的结构示意图。
图中标号说明：
1掺杂球、2第一球孔、3掺杂线绳、4线孔、5第二球孔。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
请参阅图1-3的一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，它包括以下步骤：
S1、将涤纶切片、间苯二甲酸二甲酯、戊二酸和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯按照合适的配比混合后加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压，得到熔体A；
S2、将锦纶切片、纳米二氧化硅和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯按照合适的配比混合后加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压，得到熔体B；
S3、将熔体A和熔体B输送至纺丝箱体中进行混合，混合一段时间后，加入共混件继续混合，得到混合熔体；
S4、将混合熔体经纺丝孔喷出成长丝，冷却后再将长丝置于热水中一段时间，待长丝表面或内部产生缝隙后取出晾干，即得易染生物基涤锦复合纤维。
涤纶切片、间苯二甲酸二甲酯、戊二酸和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯之间的配比按照重量份计分别为：60-80份、20-25份、30-40份和35-50份；具体的为70份、25份、30份和35份，聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯的加入可使得制得的成品具有良好的耐污性、抗静电性、柔软性和抗褶性，同时可使得染料更 容易进入纤维内部，染色性能佳，且对环境无危害；通过间苯二甲酸二甲酯和戊二酸的加入可使得制得的成品纤维的内部通道更容易打开，方便染料进入，染色性能佳。
锦纶切片、纳米二氧化硅和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯之间的配合按照重量份计分别为：70-75份、15-20份和30-45份；具体的为75份、20份和30份，通过纳米二氧化硅的加入可使得制得的成品纤维具有对抗紫外线的光学性能，能提高其抗老化、强度和耐化学性能，同时还可使上色染料的性能提高。
共混件包括多个掺杂球1，掺杂球1由改性聚乙烯醇为主要材料制成，改性聚乙烯醇，由于其大分子链上有许多羟基，通过降低改性聚乙烯醇相对分子质量和增加分子间距离,使水分子容易渗透到大分子侧基中,因此具有水溶性,在一定温度的水中能全部溶解，且不会对环境产生影响，掺杂球1离散分布于长丝中。
长丝置于热水中后，掺杂球1被溶解，长丝表面和内部形成多个间隔分布的第一球孔2，第一球孔2的形成一方面使得复合纤维内部具有吸湿、排湿和透气的渗透通道，另一方面使得染料上色性更好，染料更易在复合纤维中分散开被更好吸收。
实施例2：
请参阅图4-6，共混件包括掺杂线绳3和设置于掺杂线绳3上的多个间隔分布的掺杂球1，掺杂球1和掺杂线绳3均由改性聚乙烯醇为主要材料制成。
长丝置于热水中后，掺杂线绳3和掺杂球1被溶解，长丝表面和内部形成连通的线孔4和第二球孔5，线孔4和第二球孔5之间连通使得复合纤维内部的吸湿、排湿和透气通道相互连通，吸湿、排湿和透气性更好，同时染色性更好。
经纺丝孔喷出而成的长丝中包含有至少一个掺杂线绳3，掺杂线绳3的数量为一个即可达到吸湿、排湿和透气效果，数量为多个时吸湿、排湿和透气效果更好。
实施例3：
共混件包括多个掺杂线绳3，掺杂线绳3由改性聚乙烯醇为主要材料制成，掺杂线绳3离散分布于长丝中，仅掺杂线绳3与熔体A和B的混合熔体混合，相比于加入了掺杂球1来说，因掺杂线绳3的截面面积更小，可更好的与混合熔体混合。
长丝置于热水中后，掺杂线绳3被溶解，长丝表面和内部形成细长条形孔。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    S1、将涤纶切片、间苯二甲酸二甲酯、戊二酸和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯按照合适的配比混合后加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压，得到熔体A；
    S2、将锦纶切片、纳米二氧化硅和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯按照合适的配比混合后加入到螺杆挤压机中进行熔融挤压，得到熔体B；
    S3、将熔体A和熔体B输送至纺丝箱体中进行混合，混合一段时间后，加入共混件继续混合，得到混合熔体；
    S4、将混合熔体经纺丝孔喷出成长丝，冷却后再将长丝置于热水中一段时间，待长丝表面或内部产生缝隙后取出晾干，即得易染生物基涤锦复合纤维。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：涤纶切片、间苯二甲酸二甲酯、戊二酸和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯之间的配比按照重量份计分别为：60-80份、20-25份、30-40份和35-50份。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：锦纶切片、纳米二氧化硅和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯之间的配合按照重量份计分别为：70-75份、15-20份和30-45份。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：共混件包括多个掺杂球(1)，掺杂球(1)由改性聚乙烯醇为主要材料制成，掺杂球(1)离散分布于长丝中。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：长丝置于热水中后，掺杂球(1)被溶解，长丝表面和内部形成多个间隔分布的第一球孔(2)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：共混件包括掺杂线绳(3)和设置于掺杂线绳(3)上的多个间隔 分布的掺杂球(1)，掺杂球(1)和掺杂线绳(3)均由改性聚乙烯醇为主要材料制成。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：长丝置于热水中后，掺杂线绳(3)和掺杂球(1)被溶解，长丝表面和内部形成连通的线孔(4)和第二球孔(5)。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：经纺丝孔喷出而成的长丝中包含有至少一个掺杂线绳(3)。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：共混件包括多个掺杂线绳(3)，掺杂线绳(3)由改性聚乙烯醇为主要材料制成，掺杂线绳(3)离散分布于长丝中。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：长丝置于热水中后，掺杂线绳(3)被溶解，长丝表面和内部形成细长条形孔。
PCT/CN2022/072975 2022-01-07 2022-01-20 一种易染生物基涤锦复合纤维的制备方法 WO2023130511A1 (zh)

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