WO2023125665A1 - 车身结构和具有其的车辆 - Google Patents

车身结构和具有其的车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023125665A1
WO2023125665A1 PCT/CN2022/142835 CN2022142835W WO2023125665A1 WO 2023125665 A1 WO2023125665 A1 WO 2023125665A1 CN 2022142835 W CN2022142835 W CN 2022142835W WO 2023125665 A1 WO2023125665 A1 WO 2023125665A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
vehicle body
front side
body structure
plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/142835
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘腾涌
衣本钢
闫军飞
全毅
郑日龙
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority to IL311593A priority Critical patent/IL311593A/en
Priority to AU2022429722A priority patent/AU2022429722A1/en
Priority to EP22914917.4A priority patent/EP4385860A1/en
Priority to KR1020247007928A priority patent/KR20240044480A/ko
Priority to MX2024003572A priority patent/MX2024003572A/es
Publication of WO2023125665A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023125665A1/zh
Priority to US18/606,251 priority patent/US20240217587A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
    • B62D25/081—Cowls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/02—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted comprising longitudinally or transversely arranged frame members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B62D21/152—Front or rear frames
    • B62D21/155—Sub-frames or underguards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
    • B62D25/082—Engine compartments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
    • B62D25/14—Dashboards as superstructure sub-units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
    • B62D25/2009—Floors or bottom sub-units in connection with other superstructure subunits
    • B62D25/2018—Floors or bottom sub-units in connection with other superstructure subunits the subunits being front structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2306/00—Other features of vehicle sub-units
    • B60Y2306/01—Reducing damages in case of crash, e.g. by improving battery protection

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a vehicle body structure and a vehicle having the same.
  • Frontal collision has become one of the important evaluation criteria for the structural rationality of the front cabin of a car.
  • the energy of the frontal collision reaches the front end of the dash panel, the energy is absorbed through the deformation of the front structure, and the remaining energy is still too large and directly transmitted to the dash panel, which will inevitably cause the dash panel
  • the deformation invades the passenger compartment and threatens the safety of the occupants.
  • the present disclosure provides a new technical solution of the vehicle body structure, which can solve at least one technical problem in the background art.
  • the present disclosure provides a technical solution for a vehicle, including the above-mentioned vehicle body structure.
  • a vehicle body structure provided by the present disclosure includes: a front cross member upper panel; a dash panel, at least a part of the dash panel is arranged on the rear side of the front cross beam upper panel; a front cross beam lower panel, the front cross beam lower panel At least a part of the plate is arranged under the front cross member upper plate and the dash panel; wherein, the cooperation between the front cross beam lower plate, the front cross beam upper plate and the dash panel defines a first space A cavity, the lower panel of the front beam, the upper panel of the front beam and the portion of the dash panel forming the first cavity cooperate to form the front beam.
  • the vehicle body structure further has a central channel extending along the front-rear direction of the vehicle body, the central channel is connected to the dash panel, and the connection position between the central channel and the dash panel is the same as that of the first
  • the cavities are relatively arranged.
  • connection position between the central channel and the dash panel corresponds to the middle position of the first cavity in the up-down direction of the vehicle body.
  • the vehicle body structure further includes: a front side beam, the front side beam includes a left front side beam and a right front side beam arranged at intervals along the left-right direction of the vehicle body, the first cavity is close to the left front side beam
  • the position near the right front side beam and the position close to the right front side beam respectively have ends connected with the left front side beam and the right front side beam, and the positions of the two ends in the front-rear direction are located in the first cavity In front of the middle part, wherein, the middle part of the first cavity is the middle part of the first cavity in the left-right direction of the vehicle body.
  • the end portion includes a left end portion and a right end portion arranged at intervals along the left-right direction of the vehicle body, the left end portion is connected to the left front side beam, and the right end portion is connected to the right front side beam.
  • the two end portions are arranged opposite to each other, and the two end portions form a V-shaped structure with the middle portion of the first cavity.
  • the cross-sectional area of the middle part of the first cavity is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the end part, wherein the cross-sectional area is the cross-sectional area of the first cavity along the up-down direction of the vehicle body.
  • the cross-sectional area of the middle part of the first cavity is 0.5-0.8 times the cross-sectional area of the end part.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first cavity gradually increases along the direction from the middle of the first cavity to the two ends.
  • the vehicle body structure further includes: a bracing plate disposed in the middle of the first cavity to strengthen the structure of the front cross member.
  • the lower panel of the front cross member cooperates with the dash panel to define a second cavity.
  • At least part of the lower side of the front cross member lower plate is parallel to the bottom surface of the vehicle body.
  • the vehicle body structure further includes: a mounting part, the mounting part is provided on the lower side of the lower plate of the front cross member and is located between the left front side beam and the right front side beam, the installation part For installing the front subframe.
  • the vehicle body structure further includes: a left reinforcing plate and a right reinforcing plate, and the left reinforcing plate and the right reinforcing plate are respectively located on the lower panel of the front cross beam and the left front longitudinal beam and the right front longitudinal beam Corresponding positions, the left reinforcing plate and the right reinforcing plate respectively cooperate with the lower plate of the front cross member to form a third cavity.
  • the front longitudinal beam includes the rear section of the front longitudinal beam, the rear section of the front longitudinal beam is connected to the sill beam, and the rear section of the front longitudinal beam includes: a longitudinal beam connecting plate and a longitudinal beam sealing plate connecting plate , a fourth cavity and a fifth cavity are formed in cooperation between the longitudinal beam connecting plate and the longitudinal beam sealing plate connecting plate, the fourth cavity extends from the front longitudinal beam towards the front end of the door sill, The fifth cavity extends from the front side member toward the middle position of the A-pillar of the vehicle body in the vertical direction.
  • the rear section of the front side beam includes a rear section of the left front side beam and a rear section of the right front side beam, the rear section of the left front side beam is connected to the left end, and the rear section of the right front side beam is connected to the right end connect.
  • the present disclosure provides a vehicle, including the vehicle body structure described in any one of the above embodiments.
  • a first cavity is formed by cooperating with the lower panel of the front beam, the upper panel of the front beam and the dash panel, and the first cavity has a force transmission function.
  • the front side collision force can be transmitted from the rear structure through the first cavity, which avoids excessive energy being directly transmitted to the dash panel, causing the dash panel to deform and invade the passenger compartment, threatening the safety of the occupants.
  • FIG. 1 is a bottom view of a vehicle body structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view along E-E direction in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of the cross-sectional view in the E-E direction near the dash panel;
  • FIG. 4 is a bottom perspective view of a vehicle body structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view along the F-F direction in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a bottom view of a partial structure of a vehicle body structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the vehicle body structure in FIG. 6 .
  • Front crossbeam lower board 13 Front crossbeam lower board lower bottom surface 13a; Front crossbeam lower board elevation 13b; Front crossbeam lower board middle surface 13c;
  • the lower section of the dash panel 14 The lower section of the dash panel 14; the lower bottom surface of the dash panel 14a; the upper elevation of the lower section of the dash panel 14b; the middle surface of the lower section of the dash panel 14c;
  • Central passage 16 Central passage upper facade 16b;
  • Front beam upper plate 17 Front beam upper plate lower facade 17a; Front beam upper plate facade 17b;
  • Left outer brace 20 left inner brace 21; right outer brace 20'; right inner brace 21'; middle brace 22;
  • the left reinforcement plate 23 of the lower section of the dash panel The left reinforcement plate 23 of the lower section of the dash panel; the right reinforcement panel 23' of the lower section of the dash panel;
  • the vehicle body structure 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • a vehicle body structure 100 includes a front cross member upper panel 17 , a dash panel, and a front cross member lower panel 13 .
  • the dash panel is provided on the rear side of the front cross member upper panel 17
  • at least a part of the front cross member lower panel 13 is provided under the front cross member upper panel 17 and the dash panel.
  • the cooperation between the front beam lower plate 13, the front beam upper plate 17 and the dash panel defines the first cavity B, and the front beam lower plate 13, the front beam upper plate 17 and the dash panel form the first cavity B The parts fit together to form the front cross member.
  • the vehicle body structure 100 includes the upper panel 17 of the front cross member, the dash panel and the lower panel 13 of the front cross member. At least a part may be located on the rear side of the front beam upper panel 17 .
  • the roof is the top, and the bottom is the bottom.
  • At least a part of the front cross member lower plate 13 can be located under the front cross member upper plate 17 and the dash panel.
  • the left-right direction of the vehicle body is defined as the Y-axis direction
  • the up-and-down direction is defined as the Z-axis direction
  • the front-rear direction is defined as the X-axis direction.
  • the dash panel may be located on the rear side of the front cross member upper panel 17 in the X-axis direction. At least a part of the front beam lower panel 13 may be located below the front beam upper panel 17 in the Z-axis direction and below the dash panel in the Z-axis direction.
  • first cavity B The cooperation between the front cross member lower board 13 , the front cross member upper board 17 and the dash panel defines a first cavity B, and the first cavity B can be used as a virtual dash board front cross member 6 .
  • the first cavity B can transmit the collision force received by the front of the vehicle body to the rear side of the vehicle body roughly along the X direction, for example, the collision force is transmitted to the central channel 16 on the rear side and the rear structure, that is, the first The cavity B can be used as a force transmission structure to transmit the collision force.
  • the first cavity B is formed by cooperating the lower panel of the front beam 13 , the upper panel of the front beam 17 and the dash panel, and the first cavity B has the function of force transmission.
  • the front side collision force can be transmitted from the rear structure through the first cavity B, which avoids excessive energy being directly transmitted to the dash panel, causing the dash panel to deform and invade the passenger compartment, threatening the safety of the occupants .
  • the vehicle body structure 100 also has a central channel 16 extending along the front-rear direction of the vehicle body.
  • the central channel 16 is connected to the dash panel.
  • the connection position is opposite to the first cavity B.
  • the central tunnel 16 is connected to the dash panel through the central tunnel upper facade 16b.
  • the middle portion of the floor panel protrudes upwards to form a central channel 16 extending in the front-rear direction.
  • the floor panel has a central channel upper facade 16b corresponding to the central channel 16, the central channel upper facade 16b can be connected to the dash panel, and the connection position between the central channel upper facade 16b and the dash panel can be connected to the first cavity B relative settings.
  • the center tunnel upper elevation 16 b overlaps the dash panel lower section 14 .
  • the overlapping position between the upper facade 16b of the central tunnel and the dash panel is close to the first cavity B, which is more conducive to the rearward transmission of the collision force to the central tunnel 16 through the first cavity B and rear structures.
  • connection position between the upper facade 16b of the central tunnel and the dash panel corresponds to the middle position of the first cavity B in the vertical direction of the vehicle body. That is to say, the connection position is close to the middle position of the first cavity B in the Z-axis direction, for example, the upper elevation 16b of the central tunnel overlaps with the dash panel lower section 14, and the overlapping edge is arranged on the Z axis of the first cavity B.
  • the vehicle body structure 100 further includes a left front side beam 1 and a right front side beam 1 ′ arranged at intervals along the left-right direction of the vehicle body, and the first cavity B is close to the position of the left front side beam 1 and positions close to the right front side beam 1' respectively have ends connected to the left front side beam 1 and the right front side beam 1', and the positions of the two ends in the front-rear direction are located in front of the middle part of the first cavity B, wherein, The middle part of the first cavity B is the middle part of the first cavity B in the left-right direction of the vehicle body.
  • the vehicle body structure 100 of the present embodiment may also include a front side member, wherein the front side member may be connected with the front side member lower plate 13, for example, the front side member is positioned at the front of the front side member lower plate 13, and the rear side of the front side member The section overlaps with the front beam lower plate 13.
  • the front side beam can be divided into a left front side beam 1 and a right front side beam 1'.
  • the left front side beam 1 and the right front side beam 1' can be spaced and distributed along the left-right direction.
  • the lower panel 13 of the front cross member can be located between the left front side member 1 and the right front side member 1′, the rear section of the left front side member 1 is located at the connection position between the left front side member 1 and the dash panel, and the rear section of the right front side member 1’ is located at the right front The connection position between the longitudinal beam 1' and the dash panel.
  • the first cavity B can be arranged between the left front side beam 1 and the right front side beam 1', and when the left front side beam 1 and the right front side beam 1' transmit the collision force backward, the collision force can be transmitted through the first cavity B To the center tunnel 16 and the structure behind it.
  • the end portion includes a left end portion and a right end portion spaced along the left-right direction of the vehicle body, the left end portion is connected to the left front side beam 1, and the right end portion is connected to the right front side beam 1'.
  • the first cavity B has a left end, a middle part and a right end in sequence along the left and right direction, the left end is close to the left front side beam 1, and the right end is close to the right front side beam 1'.
  • the middle part here may refer to the middle part of the vehicle along the left-right direction, that is, the position of the middle part along the Y-axis direction of the whole vehicle.
  • the first cavity B can be divided into a left end cavity 6a, a middle cavity 6b, and a right end cavity in sequence along the Y-axis direction, wherein the left end cavity 6a can be located at the center of the middle cavity 6b.
  • the left and right end cavities may be located on the right side of the middle cavity 6b, and the middle cavity 6b may communicate with the left end cavity 6a and the right end cavity respectively.
  • the two ends are arranged opposite to each other, and the two ends and the middle part of the first cavity B form a V-shaped structure. That is to say, along the direction from the position where the front beam upper plate 17 is connected to the front longitudinal beam to the middle position in the left-right direction, the front beam gradually inclines from both sides to the middle, forming a V-shaped structure, which can achieve a better force effect. transfer.
  • the position of the middle part of the first cavity B corresponds to the position of the central tunnel 16 in the front-rear direction, at least a part of the collision force received by the front side member can be transmitted to the central tunnel 16 through the first cavity B.
  • the cross-sectional area of the middle part of the first cavity B is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the end part, wherein the cross-sectional area is the cross-sectional area of the first cavity B along the vertical direction of the vehicle body. That is to say, the cross-sectional area of the part of the first cavity B closer to the front longitudinal beam is larger, and the cross-sectional area of the first cavity B closer to the middle in the left-right direction is smaller. That is, the middle cavity 6b is smaller, and the left end cavity 6a and the right end cavity are larger.
  • the connection position or the root of the rear section of the left front side beam 1 and the dash panel can transmit the force to the left end cavity 6a, and the left end cavity 6a flows to the middle cavity.
  • the cavity 6b transmits and can guide the collision force.
  • the right front side beam 1' can also transmit force to the middle cavity 6b through the cavity at the right end, and can also play a guiding role in the collision force, which will not be repeated here.
  • the change of the cross-sectional area can be realized, and then the collision force transmitted from the frontal collision can be carried out in a relatively smooth manner. Steering, avoiding a break point in the rear section of the front stringer.
  • the cross-sectional area of the middle part of the first cavity B is 0.5-0.8 times the cross-sectional area of the end part, which may include the endpoint values, for example, the cross-sectional area of the middle part is 0.50 times the cross-sectional area of the end part , 0.55 times, 0.56 times, 0.6 times, 0.7 times, 0.8 times, etc.
  • the cross-sectional area of the middle part is less than 0.5 times of the cross-sectional area of the end part, it will make it difficult for the collision force to be transmitted to the central channel 16 or the rear structure, and this will become a weak point of the structure.
  • the cross-sectional area of the middle part of the first cavity B is greater than 0.8 times the cross-sectional area of the end part, the difference between the cross-sectional area of the middle part and the cross-sectional area of the end part will be small, and a sudden change will easily occur in the rear section of the front longitudinal beam point.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first cavity B gradually increases along the direction from the middle of the first cavity B to the two ends. That is to say, along the direction from the middle to the end, the cross-sectional area of the first cavity B gradually increases, and the cavity in the middle of the first cavity B in the Y-axis direction of the vehicle body is smaller.
  • the central position in the Y-axis direction gradually increases toward the positions of the left front side beam 1 and the right front side beam 1 ′ on both sides of the Y-axis direction, which can further improve the smoothness of guiding the collision force.
  • the vehicle body structure 100 further includes a brace plate disposed in the middle of the first cavity B to strengthen the structure of the front beam. That is to say, a brace is provided in the first cavity B, and the brace can play a supporting role, which is beneficial to ensure the structural integrity of the first cavity B.
  • the strut When the strut is located in the middle of the first cavity B, it can be defined as the middle strut 22, that is to say, when the cross-sectional area of the middle of the first cavity B is small, by setting the strut, it can ensure that the first The stiffness of a cavity B.
  • the front cross member lower plate 13 is respectively connected with the front cross member upper plate 17 and the dash panel by tailor welding, that is to say, the first cavity B can be formed by the front cross member lower plate 13 , the front cross member upper plate 17 It is formed after tailor welding with the dash panel.
  • the shape of the front beam upper plate 17 can be roughly L-shaped, one side of the front beam upper plate 17 can be combined with the front beam lower plate 13, and the other side of the front beam upper plate 17 can be combined with the front beam upper plate 17. Front panel split.
  • the shape of the front beam lower plate 13 also can be roughly L-shaped, and the front beam upper plate 17 and the front beam lower plate 13 can be assembled at the middle position of the left front side beam 1 and the right front side beam 1' along the Z-axis direction.
  • the front lower panel 13 has a front lower panel elevation 13b and a front lower panel middle surface 13c connected to each other.
  • the front cross member upper panel 17 has a front cross member upper panel lower elevation 17a and a front cross member upper panel elevation 17b
  • the dash panel has a dash panel lower section 14 and a dash panel upper section 18, and the dash panel lower section 14 has a dash panel lower section
  • the first cavity B can be formed by tailor-welding the lower panel of the front beam 13 , the upper panel of the front beam 17 and the lower section of the dash panel 14 .
  • the installation process can be simplified by adopting an overlapping method.
  • the front cross member lower panel elevation 13b is located in front of the front cross member lower panel middle surface 13c
  • the dash lower section upper elevation 14b is located in front of the dash lower section middle surface 14c
  • the front cross member upper panel lower elevation 17a can be connected to the front wall
  • the upper seam of the lower section 14 of the panel is overlapped
  • the elevation 17b of the upper panel of the front cross member can be overlapped with the elevation 13b of the lower panel of the front cross member
  • the middle surface 13c of the lower panel of the front cross member can be overlapped with the middle surface 14c of the lower section of the dash panel , thus forming the first cavity B.
  • the front cross member lower panel 13 cooperates with the dash panel to define a second cavity A.
  • the second cavity A can be located above the dash panel and in front of the floor.
  • the lower panel 13 of the front cross member can extend to the rear of the vehicle body to the front of the front floor.
  • a second cavity A structure is formed in the lower section.
  • the structure of the second cavity A can be located at the front side of the battery pack under the floor of the vehicle body, and can provide a front mounting point for the battery pack.
  • the second cavity A can be equivalent to the front mounting beam of the battery pack of a conventional car.
  • the front beam lower plate 13 may extend toward the position of the rear sealing plate assembly 15
  • the sealing plate assembly 15 of the present disclosure may include a battery pack sealing plate
  • the battery pack sealing plate may be arranged at the front floor of a conventional vehicle.
  • the lower panel 13 of the front beam also has a lower bottom surface 13a of the lower panel of the front beam.
  • the lower bottom surface 14a is overlapped with the lower bottom surface 13a of the lower panel of the front cross member, and the middle surface 13c of the lower panel of the front cross member is overlapped with the middle surface 14c of the lower section of the dash panel, thereby forming a second cavity A under the dash panel (in front of the floor),
  • the second cavity A may be equivalent to the battery pack of a traditional car installed on the front beam.
  • the cross-section of the second cavity A along the width direction of the vehicle may be triangular-like.
  • the second cavity A may be located at the front side of the underfloor battery pack of the vehicle, and may provide a front mounting point for the battery pack, that is, the second cavity A has the function of installing the battery pack on the front beam.
  • At least part of the lower side of the front cross member lower panel 13 is parallel to the bottom surface of the vehicle body, which is beneficial to transfer the front collision force to the rear structure, for example, to the central tunnel 16 .
  • the vehicle body structure 100 further includes a mounting part, which is provided on the lower side of the front cross member lower plate 13 and is located between the left front side beam 1 and the right front side beam 1', and the installation part is used for installing Front subframe. That is to say, below the front cross member upper plate 17, and between the left front side member 1 and the right front side member 1', an installation portion is designed, so that the installation of the front sub-frame can be realized.
  • the mounting portion includes a left front sub-frame mounting point 19 and a right front sub-frame mounting point 19 ′, for example, under the front cross member lower plate 13 and on the left front side member 1 and the right front longitudinal beam 1', an integrated left front sub-frame mounting point 19 and a right front sub-frame mounting point 19' are designed.
  • the number of braces may be multiple, and multiple brace structures are provided inside the first cavity B to ensure the structural integrity of the first cavity B.
  • a left inner strut 21 is arranged at a position corresponding to the inner side of the left front sub-frame mounting point 19, a left outer strut 20 is disposed at an outer position, and a right inner strut 21 is disposed at a position corresponding to the right front sub-frame mounting point 19' ' and two braces of the right outer brace 20 '.
  • the vehicle body structure 100 further includes a left reinforcing plate and a right reinforcing plate, and the left reinforcing plate and the right reinforcing plate are respectively located on the front cross member lower plate 13 corresponding to the left front longitudinal beam 1 and the right front longitudinal beam 1 ′. position, the left reinforcing plate and the right reinforcing plate respectively cooperate with the front beam lower plate 13 to form a third cavity C.
  • the vehicle body structure 100 also includes a left reinforcing plate and a right reinforcing plate, which can be respectively located at the ends of the first cavity B, and the left reinforcing plate and the right reinforcing plate are spaced along the left and right directions
  • the left reinforcement plate can be defined as the left reinforcement plate 23 of the lower section of the dash panel and is close to the left front longitudinal beam 1
  • the right reinforcement panel can be defined as the right reinforcement panel 23' of the lower section of the dash panel and is close to the right front longitudinal beam 1 ’
  • the left reinforcing plate and the right reinforcing plate respectively cooperate with the upper plate 17 of the front cross member to form a third cavity C. That is to say, a third cavity C is formed between the left reinforcing plate and the upper front beam 17 , and a third cavity C is also formed between the right reinforcing plate and the upper front beam 17 .
  • the front cross member lower plate 13 that the rear of the left front longitudinal beam 1 is provided with can be equivalent to the outer connecting plate of the longitudinal beam rear section of a conventional automobile, and the front cross member lower plate 13 of this position, the front cross member upper plate 17 and the dash panel
  • the lower section 14 may form a force transmission structure of the first cavity B.
  • the left reinforcement plate 23 of the dash panel lower section and the right reinforcement panel 23' of the dash panel lower section are also arranged inside the first cavity B, and the left reinforcement panel, the right reinforcement panel and the lower front cross member panel 13 can cooperate to form a third cavity. Cavity C.
  • the lower panel 13 of the front cross beam can be equivalent to the rear section of the front side beam of a conventional automobile.
  • the present disclosure uses a left reinforcing plate and a right reinforcing plate to enhance the force transmission effect of the first cavity B, that is, the lower plate 13 of the front cross member in this embodiment can pass through the first cavity B completes the transmission of the frontal collision force of the vehicle from the front longitudinal beam to the door sill.
  • the front longitudinal beam includes a rear section of the front longitudinal beam, the rear section of the front longitudinal beam is connected to the door sill beam, the rear section of the front longitudinal beam includes a longitudinal beam connecting plate and a longitudinal beam sealing plate connecting plate, and the longitudinal beam connecting plate
  • a fourth cavity D and a fifth cavity E are formed in cooperation with the connecting plate of the longitudinal beam sealing plate.
  • the fourth cavity D extends from the front longitudinal beam toward the front end of the door sill
  • the fifth cavity E extends from the front longitudinal beam toward the front end of the vehicle body.
  • the A-pillar extends at a central position in the vertical direction of the vehicle body.
  • the longitudinal beam sealing plate may include a left front longitudinal beam sealing plate 2 and a right front longitudinal beam sealing plate 2 ′ spaced along the left and right directions, and the left front longitudinal beam sealing plate 2 is arranged on the side of the left front longitudinal beam 1 close to the left threshold 9 ,
  • the right front longitudinal beam sealing plate 2' is arranged on the side of the right front longitudinal beam 1' close to the right threshold 9'.
  • Longitudinal beam connecting plate can be divided into left front longitudinal beam connecting plate 12 and right front longitudinal beam connecting plate 12 '.
  • the left front side beam connecting plate 12 can be positioned at the rear of the left front side beam sealing plate 2, and the right front side beam connecting plate 12′ can be positioned at the rear of the right front side beam closing plate 2′.
  • the longitudinal beam sealing plate connecting plate can be divided into the left front longitudinal beam sealing plate connecting plate 11 and the right front longitudinal beam sealing plate connecting plate 11′.
  • the cover plate rear section connected towards the A-pillar of the vehicle body, and the cover plate rear section can be two cavity structures up and down.
  • a side beam connecting plate connected to the A-pillar is also arranged, and the side beam connecting plate is also arranged in a structure of two cavities up and down.
  • the above two cavities are in one-to-one correspondence, and cooperate to form the fourth cavity D and the fifth cavity E distributed up and down, wherein the fourth cavity D can be connected to the front end of the threshold 9, and the fifth cavity E can be extended to A In the middle of the pillar along the Z axis, the fourth cavity D and the fifth cavity E can transmit the collision loads on the left front side beam and the right front side beam to the A pillar and the door sill, thereby ensuring the safety of passengers in the passenger compartment.
  • the connecting plate of the longitudinal beam and the connecting plate of the sealing plate can be respectively formed into an “M”-like structure.
  • the connecting plate and the connecting plate of the sealing plate can be arranged opposite to each other, which is conducive to rapid formation Fourth cavity D and fifth cavity E.
  • the rear section of the front side beam includes a rear section of the left front side beam 1a and a rear section of the right front side beam, the rear section of the left front side beam 1a is connected to the left end, and the rear section of the right front side beam is connected to the right end.
  • the rear section of the front longitudinal beam may be overlapped with the lower panel 13 of the front cross panel, and the rear section 1a of the left front longitudinal beam may be close to the connecting position of the left front longitudinal beam and the dash panel.
  • the vehicle body structure 100 can cooperate with the surrounding structures through the front cross member upper plate 17 , so that the vehicle body structure 100 can have functions such as the dash panel front cross member 6 and the battery pack front installation cross member.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle, which includes the body structure 100 of any one of the above embodiments. Since the vehicle body structure 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure improves the safety performance, the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present disclosure also has the above advantages, which will not be repeated here.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种车身结构和车辆。车身结构（100）包括前横梁上板（17）；前围板，前围板的至少一部分设于前横梁上板的后侧；前横梁下板（13），前横梁下板的至少一部分设于前横梁上板和前围板的下方；前横梁下板、前横梁上板和前围板之间配合限定出第一空腔（B），前横梁下板、前横梁上板和前围板中构成第一空腔的部分配合形成前横梁。

Description

车身结构和具有其的车辆
本公开要求于2021年12月31日提交中国专利局，申请号为202111675535.5，申请名称为“车身结构和具有其的车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及一种车身结构和具有其的车辆。
背景技术
在新能源汽车的发展过程中，汽车碰撞安全也变得尤为重要。正面碰撞成为汽车前舱结构合理性的重要评定标准之一。在前部碰撞中为保护乘员舱成员安全，正面碰撞的能量到达前围板前端过程中，通过前部结构变形吸能，剩余能量依旧过大直接传递给前围板，势必会造成前围板变形侵入乘员舱内威胁乘员安全。
发明内容
本公开提供一种车身结构的新技术方案，能够解决背景技术中的至少一个技术问题。
本公开提供的一种车辆的新技术方案，包括上述车身结构。
本公开提供的一种车身结构，包括：前横梁上板；前围板，所述前围板的至少一部分设于所述前横梁上板的后侧；前横梁下板，所述前横梁下板的至少一部分设于所述前横梁上板和所述前围板的下方；其中，所述前横梁下板、所述前横梁上板和所述前围板之间配合限定出第一空腔，所述前横梁下板、所述前横梁上板和所述前围板中构成所述第一空腔的部分配合形成前横梁。
可选地，所述车身结构还具有沿车身的前后方向延伸的中央通道，所述中央通道与所述前围板连接，所述中央通道与所述前围板的连接位置与 所述第一空腔相对设置。
可选地，所述中央通道与所述前围板的连接位置与所述第一空腔在车身的上下方向上的中间位置对应。
可选地，所述的车身结构还包括：前纵梁，所述前纵梁包括沿车身的左右方向间隔设置的左前纵梁和右前纵梁，所述第一空腔靠近所述左前纵梁的位置和靠近所述右前纵梁的位置分别具有与所述左前纵梁和所述右前纵梁连接的端部，两个所述端部在前后方向上的位置位于所述第一空腔的中部的前方，其中，所述第一空腔的中部为所述第一空腔在车身的左右方向的中部。
可选地，所述端部包括沿车身的左右方向间隔设置的左端部和右端部，所述左端部与所述左前纵梁连接，所述右端部与所述右前纵梁连接。
可选地，两个所述端部相对设置，且两个所述端部与所述第一空腔的中部形成V字形结构。
可选地，所述第一空腔的中部的截面面积小于所述端部的截面面积，其中，所述截面面积为所述第一空腔沿车身的上下方向的截面面积。
可选地，所述第一空腔的中部的截面面积为所述端部的截面面积的0.5-0.8倍。
可选地，沿着所述第一空腔的中部向两个所述端部的方向，所述第一空腔的截面面积逐渐增大。
可选地，所述的车身结构还包括：撑板，所述撑板设于所述第一空腔的中部以加强所述前横梁的结构。
可选地，所述前横梁下板和所述前围板配合限定出第二空腔。
可选地，所述前横梁下板的至少部分下侧面与车身的底面平行。
可选地，所述的车身结构还包括：安装部，所述安装部设于所述前横梁下板的下侧且位于所述左前纵梁和所述右前纵梁之间，所述安装部用于安装前副车架。
可选地，所述的车身结构还包括：左加强板和右加强板，所述左加强板和右加强板分别位于所述前横梁下板上与所述左前纵梁和所述右前纵梁相对应的位置，所述左加强板和所述右加强板分别与所述前横梁下板配合 形成有第三空腔。
可选地，所述前纵梁包括所述前纵梁后段，所述前纵梁后段与门槛梁连接，所述前纵梁后段包括：纵梁连接板和纵梁封板连接板，所述纵梁连接板与所述纵梁封板连接板之间配合形成有第四空腔和第五空腔，所述第四空腔从所述前纵梁朝向门槛的前端位置延伸，所述第五空腔从所述前纵梁朝向车身的A柱在上下方向的中部位置延伸。
可选地，所述前纵梁后段包括左前纵梁后段和右前纵梁后段，所述左前纵梁后段和所述左端部连接，所述右前纵梁后段和所述右端部连接。
本公开提供了一种车辆，包括上述任一实施例所述的车身结构。
根据本公开的一个实施例，通过将前横梁下板、前横梁上板和前围板相配合形成有第一空腔，第一空腔具有力传递功能。在车身前侧受到碰撞力时，可以通过第一空腔实现前侧碰撞力从后方结构的传递，避免了过多能量直接传递给前围板造成前围板变形侵入乘员舱内威胁乘员安全。
通过以下参照附图对本公开的示例性实施例的详细描述，本公开的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本公开的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本公开的原理。
图1是根据本公开的一个实施例的车身结构的仰视图；
图2是图1中的沿E-E方向的剖视图；
图3是E-E方向的截面图在靠近前围板位置的局部放大图；
图4是是根据本公开的一个实施例的车身结构的仰视透视图；
图5是图1中的沿F-F方向的剖视图；
图6是根据本公开的一个实施例的车身结构的局部结构的仰视图；
图7是图6中的车身结构的爆炸图。
附图标记
车身结构100；
左前纵梁1，左前纵梁后段1a；右前纵梁1’；
左前纵梁封板2；右前纵梁封板2’；
前围板前横梁6；左端部空腔6a；中部空腔6b；
左门槛9；右门槛9’；
左前纵梁封板前横梁下板11；右前纵梁封板前横梁下板11’；
左前纵梁前横梁下板12；右前纵梁前横梁下板12’；
前横梁下板13；前横梁下板下底面13a；前横梁下板上立面13b；前横梁下板中面13c；
前围板下段14；前围板下底面14a；前围板下段上立面14b；前围板下段中面14c；
密封板总成15；
中央通道16；中央通道上立面16b；
前横梁上板17；前横梁上板下立面17a；前横梁上板上立面17b；
前围板上段18；
左前副车架安装点19；右前副车架安装点19’；
左外撑板20；左内撑板21；右外撑板20’；右内撑板21’；中部撑板22；
前围板下段左加强板23；前围板下段右加强板23’；
第二空腔A；第一空腔B；第三空腔C；第四空腔D；第五空腔E。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本公开的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本公开的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本公开及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例 性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
下面结合附图对根据本公开实施例的车身结构100进行详细说明。
如图1至图7所示，根据本公开实施例的车身结构100包括前横梁上板17、前围板和前横梁下板13。
具体而言，前围板的至少一部分设于前横梁上板17的后侧，前横梁下板13的至少一部分设于前横梁上板17和前围板的下方。
其中，前横梁下板13、前横梁上板17和前围板之间配合限定出第一空腔B，前横梁下板13、前横梁上板17和前围板中构成第一空腔B的部分配合形成前横梁。
换言之，根据本公开实施例的车身结构100包括前横梁上板17、前围板和前横梁下板13，以车身的前后方向为参照方向，车头为前方，车尾为后方，前围板的至少一部分可位于前横梁上板17的后侧。以车身的上下方向为参照方向，车顶为上方，车底为下方，前横梁下板13的至少一部分可位于前横梁上板17和前围板的下方。为了便于描述，下面将车身的左右方向定义为Y轴方向，上下方向定义为Z轴方向，前后方向定义为X轴方向。也就是说，前围板的至少一部分可位于前横梁上板17的X轴方向的后侧。前横梁下板13的至少一部分可同时位于前横梁上板17的Z轴方向的下方以及前围板的Z轴方向的下方。
前横梁下板13、前横梁上板17和前围板之间配合限定出第一空腔B，第一空腔B可以作为虚拟的前围板前横梁6。需要说明的是，第一空腔B可以将车身前方受到的碰撞力大致沿着X方向向车身的后侧传递，例如将碰撞力传递在后侧的中央通道16以及后方的结构，即第一空腔B可以作为力传递结构，起到传递碰撞力的作用。
在本实施例中，通过将前横梁下板13、前横梁上板17和前围板相配合形成有第一空腔B，第一空腔B具有力传递功能。在车身前侧受到碰撞 力时，可以通过第一空腔B实现前侧碰撞力从后方结构的传递，避免了过多能量直接传递给前围板造成前围板变形侵入乘员舱内威胁乘员安全。
根据本公开的一个实施例，如图1和图3所示，车身结构100还具有沿车身的前后方向延伸的中央通道16，中央通道16与前围板连接，中央通道16与前围板的连接位置与第一空腔B相对设置。例如，中央通道16通过中央通道上立面16b与前围板连接。具体地，地板面板的中部向上凸起，可以形成沿前后方向延伸的中央通道16。地板面板上具有与中央通道16对应的中央通道上立面16b，中央通道上立面16b可以与前围板连接，中央通道上立面16b与前围板的连接位置可以与第一空腔B相对设置。例如，例如，在前围板包括前围板上段和前围板下段14时，中央通道上立面16b与前围板下段14搭接。在本实施例中，中央通道上立面16b与前围板之间的搭接的位置与第一空腔B靠近，更加有利于通过第一空腔B将碰撞力向后传递至中央通道16以及后方的结构。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，中央通道上立面16b与前围板的连接位置与第一空腔B在车身的上下方向上的中间位置对应。也就是说，连接位置靠近第一空腔B在Z轴方向上的中间位置，例如，中央通道上立面16b与前围板下段14搭接，搭接边设置在第一空腔B在Z轴方向上的中间位置。
在本实施例中，通过将中央通道上立面16b和前围板的连接位置限定在第一空腔B的上下方向的中间位置附近，不仅可以通过第一空腔B将碰撞力传递至中央通道16以及后方的结构，还能够避免在向后传递碰撞力时具有不均衡性。
根据本公开的一个实施例，如图4所示，车身结构100还包括沿车身的左右方向间隔设置的左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’，第一空腔B靠近左前纵梁1的位置和靠近右前纵梁1’的位置分别具有与左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’连接的端部，两个端部在前后方向上的位置位于第一空腔B的中部的前方，其中，第一空腔B的中部为第一空腔B在车身的左右方向的中部。
也就是说，本实施例的车身结构100还可以包括前纵梁，其中，前纵梁可以与前横梁下板13连接，例如前纵梁位于前横梁下板13的前方，前 纵梁的后段与前横梁下板13搭接。沿左右方向，可以将前纵梁分为左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’。左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’可以沿左右方向间隔开分布。前横梁下板13可以位于左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’之间，左前纵梁1的后段位于左前纵梁1与前围板的连接位置，右前纵梁1’的后段位于右前纵梁1’与前围板的连接位置。通过将前横梁下板13和前纵梁相配合，能够实现连接结构稳定性，以及便于将前纵梁受到的碰撞力向第一空腔B传递。
第一空腔B可以设置在左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’之间，在左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’向后传递碰撞力时，可以通过第一空腔B将碰撞力传递至中央通道16以及后方的结构。
根据本公开的一个实施例，端部包括沿车身的左右方向间隔设置的左端部和右端部，左端部与左前纵梁1连接，右端部与右前纵梁1’连接。也就是说，第一空腔B的沿左右方向依次具有左端部、中部和右端部，左端部靠近左前纵梁1，右端部靠近右前纵梁1’。此处的中部可以指的是沿左右方向上的整车的中部，也就是沿整车Y轴方向的中部的位置。为了便于说明，可以沿着Y轴方向将第一空腔B依次分为左端部空腔6a、中部空腔6b和和右端部空腔，其中，左端部空腔6a可位于中部空腔6b的左侧，右端部空腔可位于中部空腔6b的右侧，中部空腔6b可分别与左端部空腔6a和右端部空腔连通。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，如图4所示，两个端部相对设置，且两个端部与第一空腔B的中部形成V字形结构。也就是说，沿着前横梁上板17和前纵梁连接的位置向左右方向的中部的位置的方向，前横梁从两边逐渐向中间倾斜，形成有V字形结构，能够实现更优效果的力传递。在第一空腔B的中部的位置在前后方向与中央通道16的位置相对应时，通过第一空腔B能够将前纵梁受到的碰撞力传递的至少一部分传递至中央通道16。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，第一空腔B的中部的截面面积小于端部的截面面积，其中，截面面积为第一空腔B沿车身的上下方向的截面面积。也就是说，第一空腔B中较为靠近前纵梁的部分的截面面积较大， 第一空腔B中较为靠近左右方向的中部位置的截面面积较小。即中部空腔6b较小，左端部空腔6a和右端部空腔较大。
当左前纵梁1传递来自前方的碰撞力时，左前纵梁1的后段与前围板的连接位置或者说根部可以将作用力向左端部空腔6a传递，左端部空腔6a向中部空腔6b传递，可以对碰撞力起到引导作用。同样的，右前纵梁1’也能够通过右端部空腔向中部空腔6b传递作用力，也可以对碰撞力起到引导作用，在此不作赘述。
在本实施例中，通过将第一空腔B的中部的截面面积限定为小于端部的截面面积，可以实现横截面积的变化，进而可以将正碰传递过来的碰撞力进行一个较为平顺的引导，避免在前纵梁的后段产生一个突变点。
根据本公开的一个实施例，第一空腔B的中部的截面面积为端部的截面面积的0.5-0.8倍，可以包括端点值，例如，中部的截面面积为端部的截面面积的0.50倍、0.55倍、0.56倍、0.6倍、0.7倍、0.8倍等。在中部的截面面积小于端部的截面面积的0.5倍时，将会导致碰撞力难以传递至中央通道16或者后方结构，进而导致此处成为结构的薄弱点。在第一空腔B的中部的截面面积大于端部的截面面积的0.8倍时，将会导致中部的截面面积和端部的截面面积相差程度较小，在前纵梁的后段容易产生突变点。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，沿着第一空腔B的中部向两个端部的方向，第一空腔B的截面面积逐渐增大。也就是说，沿着中部向端部的方向，第一空腔B的截面面积逐渐增大，第一空腔B在车身的Y轴方向的中部的空腔较小，第一空腔B从Y轴方向的中部位置向Y轴方向两侧的左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’的位置逐渐增大，能够进一步提高对于碰撞力的引导的平顺性。
根据本公开的一个实施例，车身结构100还包括撑板，撑板设于第一空腔B的中部以加强前横梁的结构。也就是说，在第一空腔B内设置有撑板，撑板能够起到支撑作用，有利于保证第一空腔B的结构完整性。撑板位于第一空腔B的中部时，可以被定义为中部撑板22，也就是说，当第一空腔B的中部的截面面积较小时，通过设置撑板，能够保证该处的第一空 腔B的刚度。
根据本公开的一个实施例，前横梁下板13分别与前横梁上板17和前围板拼焊连接，也就是说，第一空腔B可以由前横梁下板13、前横梁上板17和前围板拼焊后形成。
根据本公开的一个实施例，前横梁上板17的形状可以大致为类L形，前横梁上板17的一侧可以与前横梁下板13拼合，前横梁上板17的另一侧可以与前围板拼合。前横梁下板13的形状也可以大致为类L形，前横梁上板17和前横梁下板13可以在左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’沿Z轴方向的中部位置拼合。
可选地，沿前后方向，前横梁下板13具有相互连接的前横梁下板上立面13b和前横梁下板中面13c。前横梁上板17具有前横梁上板下立面17a和前横梁上板上立面17b，前围板具有前围板下段14和前围板上段18，前围板下段14具有前围板下段上立面14b和前围板下段中面14c。第一空腔B可由前横梁下板13、前横梁上板17和前围板下段14拼焊后形成。在本实施例中，通过采用搭接的方式，能够简化安装工序。
前横梁下板上立面13b位于前横梁下板中面13c的前方，前围板下段上立面14b位于前围板下段中面14c的前方，前横梁上板下立面17a可与前围板下段14的上止口搭接，前横梁上板上立面17b可与前横梁下板上立面13b搭接，并且前横梁下板中面13c可与前围板下段中面14c搭接，从而形成了第一空腔B。
根据本公开的一个实施例，如图3所示，前横梁下板13和前围板配合限定出第二空腔A。第二空腔A可以位于前围板的上方以及地板的前方，具体地，前横梁下板13可以向车身的后部延伸至前地板前部，在前地板前部位置可与前围板的下段形成有第二空腔A结构。该第二空腔A结构可以位于车身的地板下电池包的前侧，并能够为电池包提供前部安装点，第二空腔A可以相当于传统汽车的电池包前安装横梁。
其中，前横梁下板13可以朝向后方的密封板总成15的位置延伸，本公开的密封板总成15可以包括电池包密封板，电池包密封板可以设置在传统汽车的前地板位置。前横梁下板13还具有前横梁下板下底面13a，前横 梁下板下底面13a位于前横梁下板中面13c的后方，前围板还具有前围板下底面14a，其中，前围板下底面14a与前横梁下板下底面13a搭接，前横梁下板中面13c与前围板下段中面14c搭接，进而在前围板下方(地板前方)形成了第二空腔A，该第二空腔A可以相当于传统汽车的电池包安装前横梁。第二空腔A沿车辆的宽度方向的截面可以为类三角形。
其中需要说明的是，第二空腔A可以位于车辆的地板下电池包的前侧，可以为电池包提供前部安装点，即第二空腔A具有电池包安装前横梁的功能。
根据本公开的一个实施例，前横梁下板13的至少部分下侧面与车身的底面平行，有利于将前侧的碰撞力向后侧结构传递，例如向中央通道16传递。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，车身结构100还包括安装部，安装部设于前横梁下板13的下侧且位于左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’之间，安装部用于安装前副车架。也就是说，在前横梁上板17的下方，且在左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’之间设计有安装部，能够实现前副车架的安装。
根据本公开的一个实施例，如图4所示，安装部包括左前副车架安装点19和右前副车架安装点19’，例如，在前横梁下板13的下方，且在左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’之间，设计有集成式的左前副车架安装点19和右前副车架安装点19’。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，撑板的数量可以为多个，通过在第一空腔B的内部设置有多个撑板结构,可以用于保证第一空腔B的结构完整性。在左前副车架安装点19的内侧对应位置设置有左内撑板21，外侧位置设置有左外撑板20，对应的右前副车架安装点19’对应的位置设置有右内撑板21’和右外撑板20’两个撑板。在前副车架受到整车的正面或侧面等碰撞载荷的作用时，可以通过安装点下方的撑板分解与传递碰撞力。
根据本公开的一个实施例，车身结构100还包括左加强板和右加强板，左加强板和右加强板分别位于前横梁下板13上与左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’相对应的位置，左加强板和右加强板分别与前横梁下板13配合形成有第三空腔C。
换句话说，车身结构100还包括左加强板和右加强板，左加强板和右加强板可以分别位于第一空腔B的端部，左加强板和右加强板沿左右方向间隔开分布，如图4所示，左加强板可被定义为前围板下段左加强板23且靠近左前纵梁1，右加强板可被定义为前围板下段右加强板23’且靠近右前纵梁1’，左加强板和右加强板分别与前横梁上板17配合形成有第三空腔C。也就是说，左加强板和前横梁上板17之间配合形成有第三空腔C，右加强板和前横梁上板17之间也配合形成有第三空腔C。
也就是说，左前纵梁1的后方设置的前横梁下板13，可以相当于传统汽车的纵梁后段外连接板，该位置的前横梁下板13、前横梁上板17和前围板下段14可以形成有第一空腔B的传力结构。并且，在第一空腔B内部还设置有前围板下段左加强板23和前围板下段右加强板23’,左加强板和右加强板和前横梁下板13可以配合形成第三空腔C。
在本实施例中，前横梁下板13可以相当于传统汽车的前纵梁后段。在原前纵梁后段位置，本公开通过设置左加强板和右加强板，用于增强第一空腔B的传力作用，即本实施例中的前横梁下板13可以通过第一空腔B完成车辆正面碰撞力从前纵梁向门槛方向的传递。
根据本公开的一个实施例，前纵梁包括前纵梁后段，前纵梁后段与门槛梁连接，前纵梁后段包括纵梁连接板和纵梁封板连接板，纵梁连接板与纵梁封板连接板之间配合形成有第四空腔D和第五空腔E，第四空腔D从前纵梁朝向门槛的前端位置延伸，第五空腔E从前纵梁朝向车身的A柱在车身的上下方向的中部位置延伸。
其中，纵梁封板可以包括沿左右方向间隔开分布的左前纵梁封板2和右前纵梁封板2’，左前纵梁封板2设于左前纵梁1靠近左门槛9的一侧，右前纵梁封板2’设于右前纵梁1’靠近右门槛9’的一侧。纵梁连接板可以分为左前纵梁连接板12和右前纵梁连接板12’。左前纵梁连接板12可位于左前纵梁封板2的后方，右前纵梁连接板12’可位于右前纵梁封板2’的后方。纵梁封板连接板可以分为左前纵梁封板连接板11和右前纵梁封板连接板11’。
也就是说，在左前纵梁封板2和右前纵梁封板2’的后方设置有朝向 车身的A柱连接的封板后段，该封板后段可以呈上下两个空腔结构。与此对应的，在左前纵梁1和右前纵梁1’的后方，同样设置有向A柱连接的纵梁连接板，该纵梁连接板同样设置成上下两个空腔的结构。上述两个空腔一一对应，配合形成上下分布的第四空腔D和第五空腔E，其中第四空腔D可以连接至门槛9的前端位置，第五空腔E可以延展至A柱沿Z轴方向的中部，通过采用第四空腔D和第五空腔E可以将左前纵梁和右前纵梁受到的碰撞载荷向A柱及门槛传递，进而保证乘员舱的乘客安全。
在本实施例中，通过限定第四空腔D和第五空腔E的具体延伸方向，能够有利于引导碰撞力，提高将碰撞载荷向门槛和A柱传递的效率，进一步提高安全性能。
可选地，如图5所示，纵梁连接板和封板连接板可以分别形成为类“M”形结构，在组装时，可以将连接板和封板连接板相对设置，有利于快速形成第四空腔D和第五空腔E。
根据本公开的一个实施例，前纵梁后段包括左前纵梁后段1a和右前纵梁后段，左前纵梁后段1a和左端部连接，右前纵梁后段和右端部连接。其中，前纵梁后段可以与前横板下板13搭接，左前纵梁后段1a可以靠近左前纵梁与前围板的连接位置。通过将前纵梁与端部连接，有利于前纵梁的后段与前围板的连接位置或者说根部可以将作用力向第一空腔B传递。
总而言之，根据本公开实施例的车身结构100可以通过前横梁上板17与周边的结构进行配合，使车身结构100能够具有前围板前横梁6以及电池包前安装横梁等功能。
本公开实施例还提供了一种车辆，该车辆包括上述任一实施例的车身结构100。由于根据本公开实施例的车身结构100提高了安全性能，因此根据本公开实施例的车辆也具有上述优点，在此不作赘述。
虽然已经通过例子对本公开的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本公开的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本公开的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本公开的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种车身结构，包括：
    前横梁上板；
    前围板，所述前围板的至少一部分设于所述前横梁上板的后侧；
    前横梁下板，所述前横梁下板的至少一部分设于所述前横梁上板和所述前围板的下方；
    其中，所述前横梁下板、所述前横梁上板和所述前围板之间配合限定出第一空腔，所述前横梁下板、所述前横梁上板和所述前围板中构成所述第一空腔的部分配合形成前横梁。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车身结构，其中，所述车身结构还具有沿车身的前后方向延伸的中央通道，所述中央通道与所述前围板连接，所述中央通道与所述前围板的连接位置与所述第一空腔相对设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的车身结构，其中，所述中央通道与所述前围板的连接位置与所述第一空腔在车身的上下方向上的中间位置对应。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的车身结构，其中，还包括：
    前纵梁，所述前纵梁包括沿车身的左右方向间隔设置的左前纵梁和右前纵梁，所述第一空腔靠近所述左前纵梁的位置和靠近所述右前纵梁的位置分别具有与所述左前纵梁和所述右前纵梁连接的端部，两个所述端部在前后方向上的位置位于所述第一空腔的中部的前方，其中，所述第一空腔的中部为所述第一空腔在车身的左右方向的中部。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的车身结构，其中，所述端部包括沿车身的左右方向间隔设置的左端部和右端部，所述左端部与所述左前纵梁连接，所述右端部与所述右前纵梁连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的车身结构，其中，两个所述端部相对设置，且两个所述端部与所述第一空腔的中部形成V字形结构。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的车身结构，其中，所述第一空腔的中部的截面面积小于所述端部的截面面积，其中，所述截面面积为所述第一空腔沿车身的上下方向的截面面积。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的车身结构，其中，所述第一空腔的中部的截面面积为所述端部的截面面积的0.5-0.8倍。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的车身结构，其中，沿着所述第一空腔的中部向两个所述端部的方向，所述第一空腔的截面面积逐渐增大。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的车身结构，其中，还包括：
    撑板，所述撑板设于所述第一空腔的中部以加强所述前横梁的结构。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的车身结构，其中，所述前横梁下板和所述前围板配合限定出第二空腔。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的车身结构，其中，所述前横梁下板的至少部分下侧面与车身的底面平行。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的车身结构，其中，还包括：
    安装部，所述安装部设于所述前横梁下板的下侧且位于所述左前纵梁和所述右前纵梁之间，所述安装部用于安装前副车架。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的车身结构，其中，还包括：
    左加强板和右加强板，所述左加强板和右加强板分别位于所述前横梁下板上与所述左前纵梁和所述右前纵梁相对应的位置，所述左加强板和所述右加强板分别与所述前横梁下板配合形成有第三空腔。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的车身结构，其中，所述前纵梁包括所述前纵梁后段，所述前纵梁后段与门槛梁连接，所述前纵梁后段包括：纵梁连接板和纵梁封板连接板，所述纵梁连接板与所述纵梁封板连接板之间配合形成有第四空腔和第五空腔，所述第四空腔从所述前纵梁朝向门槛的前端位置延伸，所述第五空腔从所述前纵梁朝向车身的A柱在上下方向的中部位置延伸。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15任一项所述的车身结构，其中，所述前纵梁后段包括左前纵梁后段和右前纵梁后段，所述左前纵梁后段和所述左端部连接，所述右前纵梁后段和所述右端部连接。
  17. 一种车辆，其中，包括权利要求1-16中任一所述的车身结构。
PCT/CN2022/142835 2021-12-31 2022-12-28 车身结构和具有其的车辆 WO2023125665A1 (zh)

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