WO2023113413A1 - Waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system and, specifically, to a waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system wherein polymer waste, such as plastic or synthetic rubber, are thermally emulsified by heating and then cooled, thereby extracting liquefied oil components. An embodiment of the present invention can provide a waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system comprising: a decomposition reactor for decomposing a waste synthetic polymer by heating; a cooling device for cooling components generated in the decomposition reactor; and a storage device for storing components generated in the decomposition reactor and the cooling device.

Description

Waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system

The present invention relates to a waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system, and more particularly, to a waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system capable of thermally emulsifying polymer waste such as plastics or synthetic rubber by heating and then cooling to extract liquefied oil components. .

Products made of synthetic polymers, such as plastic and synthetic rubber, take more than 500 years to decompose naturally, so developed countries regulate waste plastics through laws and regulations to recycle waste plastics. are receiving

In particular, in the era of high oil prices, a lot of time and money are being invested in R&D such as alternative energy due to the limited resources.

Since most plastic products are made of components extracted from crude oil, they can be thermally decomposed into oil, and a waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis device is being developed as a waste recycling and oil production technology suitable to meet the needs of the times.

The prior art related to the thermal decomposition and emulsification system of waste synthetic polymers is "Continuous production method and system for gasoline, kerosene, and diesel using waste plastic" disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0322663. "Continuous production system for gasoline, kerosene and diesel using waste plastics, including the following: A waste plastics molten mixture and silicate alumina-based solid acid catalyst particles are introduced from top to bottom to perform cracking and isomerization reactions, and at the bottom the A fluidized-bed catalytic cracker having a steam injector for evaporating unevaporated gas oil on the surface of the catalyst and communicating with the fractionation tower via a pressure control means at the upper end; Among the catalyst particles falling to the lower end of the fluidized-bed catalytic cracker, a predetermined size An external cyclone that selects only the catalyst particles; and an air injector and an exhaust gas pressure regulator are installed, the catalyst transferred from the external cyclone is regenerated, and the regenerated catalyst is returned to the fluidized bed catalytic cracker for nickel-molybdenum. based catalyst regenerator." is provided.

However, in the prior art as described above, various by-products (solid sludge, harmful gas, liquid oil, gas oil, water, etc.) generated after the thermal emulsification process are not clearly separated, so that the produced oil can be used in the field There were limitations (if used in a device sensitive to foreign substances in oil, the device would be damaged), and production efficiency was also low, making it difficult to use (the use of a catalyst was essential).

In addition, there are many types of waste, and they are often thrown away in a mixed state of shape, size, weight, material, etc., which often damages the decomposition reactor. There was a limit to the low production energy (oil) rate.

In the conventional decomposition reactor, the thermally emulsified gas outlet part at the end of the casing is not included in the combustion chamber (heating device) and is exposed to the air, so that the thermally emulsified gas is air-cooled and liquefied at the fluid outlet at the end of the casing, resulting in liquid clogging. There were problems that arose.

In the conventional rotary kiln-type decomposition reactor, the fork of the forklift and the guide collided with each other in the process of introducing waste using a forklift, and the guide inside the rotary kiln was damaged or crushed, so the guide could not function properly.

In addition, after one (one cycle) thermal emulsification process is over, the decomposition reactor is opened, waste is introduced, and the decomposition reactor is closed again and the decomposition reactor is vacuumed to proceed with the second thermal emulsification process. There was a problem of excessive manpower and time.

Products made of synthetic polymers, such as plastic and synthetic rubber, take more than 500 years to decompose naturally, so developed countries regulate waste plastics through laws and regulations to recycle waste plastics. are receiving

In particular, in the era of high oil prices, a lot of time and money are being invested in R&D such as alternative energy due to the limited resources.

Since most plastic products are made of components extracted from crude oil, they can be thermally decomposed into oil, and a waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis device is being developed as a waste recycling and oil production technology suitable to meet the needs of the times.

The prior art related to the thermal decomposition and emulsification system of waste synthetic polymers is "Continuous production method and system for gasoline, kerosene, and diesel using waste plastic" disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0322663. "Continuous production system for gasoline, kerosene and diesel using waste plastics, including the following: A waste plastics molten mixture and silicate alumina-based solid acid catalyst particles are introduced from top to bottom to perform cracking and isomerization reactions, and at the bottom the A fluidized-bed catalytic cracker having a steam injector for evaporating unevaporated gas oil on the surface of the catalyst and communicating with the fractionation tower via a pressure control means at the upper end; Among the catalyst particles falling to the lower end of the fluidized-bed catalytic cracker, a predetermined size An external cyclone that selects only the catalyst particles; and an air injector and an exhaust gas pressure regulator are installed, the catalyst transferred from the external cyclone is regenerated, and the regenerated catalyst is returned to the fluidized bed catalytic cracker for nickel-molybdenum. based catalyst regenerator." is provided.

However, in the prior art as described above, various by-products (solid sludge, harmful gas, liquid oil, gas oil, water, etc.) generated after the thermal emulsification process are not clearly separated, so that the produced oil can be used in the field There were limitations (if used in a device sensitive to foreign substances in oil, the device would be damaged), and production efficiency was also low, making it difficult to use (the use of a catalyst was essential).

In addition, there are many types of waste, and they are often thrown away in a mixed state of shape, size, weight, material, etc., which often damages the decomposition reactor. There was a limit to the low production energy (oil) rate.

In the conventional decomposition reactor, the thermally emulsified gas outlet part at the end of the casing is not included in the combustion chamber (heating device) and is exposed to the air, so that the thermally emulsified gas is air-cooled and liquefied at the fluid outlet at the end of the casing, resulting in liquid clogging. There were problems that arose.

In the conventional rotary kiln-type decomposition reactor, the fork of the forklift and the guide collided with each other in the process of introducing waste using a forklift, and the guide inside the rotary kiln was damaged or crushed, so the guide could not function properly.

In addition, after one (one cycle) thermal emulsification process is over, the decomposition reactor is opened, waste is introduced, and the decomposition reactor is closed again and the decomposition reactor is vacuumed to proceed with the second thermal emulsification process. There was a problem of excessive manpower and time.

As an embodiment of the present invention, in the waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system, the decomposition reactor for heating and decomposing the waste synthetic polymer; A cooling device for cooling the components produced in the decomposition reactor; It includes a storage device for storing components produced in the decomposition reactor and the cooling device; The decomposition reactor includes a cylindrical casing with a spiral guide formed on an inner circumferential surface; Includes a power transmission device for forward or reverse rotation of the casing; In the casing, it is characterized in that the fork rail is formed to extend by a predetermined length from the waste inlet and spaced apart from the guide by a predetermined distance.

The fork rail may include two flat plates in which a liquid passage is rotatably fixed to the fluid outlet of the casing and protrudes by a predetermined distance toward the waste inlet.

The fork rail is 80% to 120% of the size of the forklift fork, and when the casing is in a stationary state, it rotates around the fixture by its own weight so that the two flat plates are parallel to the ground surface.

The power transmission device is formed on the side of the waste inlet, characterized in that the combustion chamber is included up to the fluid outlet.

The waste inlet is characterized in that it is fixed by a plurality of bolts and nuts having a locking hole.

It is characterized in that a pressure regulating plate rotatable by a rotating shaft is formed by a motor to which pressure and temperature sensors are attached to the fluid discharge port.

The cooling device includes a water tank in which a predetermined accommodation space is formed; A water circulation device for circulating water in the water tank; It includes a cooling water tank heat exchange pipe accommodated in the water tank and in which heat exchange with water occurs; The cooling water tank heat exchange pipe is characterized in that a plurality of pipes are alternately connected to form a predetermined flow path.

The cooling water tank heat exchange pipe is configured so that the height gradually decreases from the input end to the output end, and the transfer from the input end to the output end is accelerated by the weight of the material inside the cooling water tank heat exchange pipe according to the density change due to cooling.

The cooling device includes a water tank in which a predetermined accommodation space is formed; a water circulation device for circulating water in the water tank; It includes a cooling water tank heat exchange pipe accommodated in the water tank and in which heat exchange with water occurs; The cooling water tank heat exchange pipe is characterized in that a plurality of pipes are alternately connected to form a predetermined flow path.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to extract oil components by decomposing waste synthetic polymers such as plastic and synthetic rubber.

In addition, by completely removing foreign substances from the oil produced in the thermal emulsification process, the produced oil can be used in various fields.

In addition, by removing metal foreign substances mixed in the waste and introducing it into the decomposition reactor, it is possible to prevent damage to the agitator or the guide (blade) of the decomposition reactor, and to ensure that the thermal energy is applied only to the waste synthetic polymer. (No heat energy wasted due to metal absorption) The ratio of energy output to input energy can be improved.

In addition, by proceeding with a continuous thermal emulsification reaction of waste, the oil production per hour is higher (less loss time) compared to the existing method, and the number of people required for work is small.

In addition, the generated harmful gas can be liquefied after the combustion reaction to be stored, purified, and discharged in the form of wastewater, thereby minimizing the impact on air pollution.

In addition, it improves the pipe clogging phenomenon that mainly occurs in the cooling device, and reduces work downtime due to pipe clogging, so the equipment operation rate is high.

In addition, it is possible to produce electrical energy by burning gas / oil components of low value among intermediate products or final products to crush sludge or waste, and by operating a generator using a gas engine while the crushing operation is not in progress.

In addition, by preventing damage to the guide in the process of introducing waste into the decomposition reactor, it is possible to prevent a decrease in sludge discharge rate.

In addition, it is possible to increase work efficiency by safely and conveniently opening and closing the waste inlet.

It is to prevent liquefaction of the fluid outlet at the end of the casing.

In addition, by sensing the pressure and temperature inside the decomposition reactor and maintaining an appropriate pressure, safety and thermal decomposition effect can be increased.

1 is a schematic diagram of a waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a perspective view of a decomposition reactor 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic diagram of a casing 3a according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a view of an inlet 3b according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a view of a cutting device 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a view of a fork rail 3d according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7 and 8 are views of the rear side of the decomposition reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a diagram of a power transmission device 3h according to an embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a view showing a cross section of a decomposition reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a view of a distillation column 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a view of a settling tank 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

13 is a schematic diagram of a cooling device 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

14 is a view of a cooling pipe fin according to an embodiment of the present invention.

15 is a view of a crushing drum 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

16 is a diagram of a gas impact crusher 11' according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1: waste storage device

2: metal separation device

3: decomposition reactor

4: tubular reactor

5: distillation column

6: cooling device

7: Oil water separator

8: sedimentation tank

9: centrifugal separator

10: sludge storage device

11: Sludge crushing device

12: sludge treatment reactor

13: waste gas treatment device

14: wastewater storage device

15: final sludge storage device

16: heat sink

17: water tank

18: oil storage tank

N: non-reactive gas

S: Sludge

W: waste

It can be configured so that the electromagnet is operated while the water is raised, and materials other than metal (materials that are not attached to the electromagnet) are separated from the end (discharge end) of the metal separation conveyor.

In order to break up the waste in a compressed state, a shredding device, an agitator or a high-pressure air blasting device may be used.

[2] Thermal emulsification device

The thermal emulsification device according to an embodiment of the present invention may be composed of a decomposition reactor 3 and a heating device. The heating device may be configured separately from the decomposition reactor (3) or as a part of the decomposition reactor (3).

Decomposition Reactor (3)

The decomposition reactor 3 may include one or more of a rotary kiln (rotary drying incinerator), a CSTR decomposition reactor (Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor), a tubular reactor, and a batch reactor. can The type of decomposition reactor 3 can be selected by a person skilled in the art according to the input amount per hour (or per hour or per day) of waste with reference to the description of the present invention.

Regardless of which type of the decomposition reactor 3 is used, it is preferable to include a closed structure that blocks contact with external air.

In addition, an air pipe and a vacuum pump may be connected to one side of the decomposition reactor 3 to remove air introduced into the decomposition reactor 3 in the process of introducing waste.

The decomposition reactor 3 includes a cylindrical casing 3a having a spiral guide (blade or screw, 3a-1) formed on the inner circumferential surface in the form of a screw thread; a heating device for heating the cylindrical casing (3a) from the outside of the cylindrical casing (3a); It may be configured to include a power transmission device (3h) for forward or reverse rotation of the cylindrical casing (3a).

In FIG. 2, the length (height of a cylinder/cylinder) of the casing of the decomposition reactor 3 is usually about 7m to 8m. The waste is introduced into the casing 3a by equipment such as a forklift through the entrance of the casing 3a, and the waste is pushed into the casing 3a by pushing the waste into the fork of the forklift. In this process, problems such as failure of the decomposition reactor 3 or damage to the guide 3a-1 occur due to impact between the fork of the forklift and the guide 3a-1.

The guide (3a-1) may be one to multiple coupled to one side or multiple sides of the casing (3a) when observing the decomposition reactor (3) in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of rotation. 3 shows an embodiment in which 13 guides 3a-1 are combined. In a conventional decomposition reactor, it is common that one guide (3a-1) is coupled. As the number of guides 3a-1 increases, the load of waste W that can be supported may increase.

The cylindrical casing 3a may be configured to have a waste inlet 3b on one side, a fluid outlet 3c on the other side, and a sludge outlet (not shown) on the other side.

4 and 5, the inlet (3b) is more firmly fixed and easily opened and closed by bolts and nuts (3b-1) formed with locking holes (3b-2) due to the high pressure in the decomposition reactor (3). It can be.

The guide 3a-1 may assist in the transfer of reactants/products (a mixture including gas/liquid/solid generated in the thermal emulsification process) from the waste inlet to the fluid outlet in the thermal emulsification process. However, since the weight of the waste introduced into the decomposition reactor 3 is usually about 1 ton, most of the waste rotates in place.

After the thermal emulsification process is finished, the sludge generated in the thermal emulsification process (residue remaining without being decomposed/converted) may be transported to a sludge outlet by rotating the cylindrical casing 3a in a reverse direction.

In the conventional decomposition reactor (3), in the process of introducing waste using a forklift, the fork of the forklift and the guide (3a-1) collide, and the guide (3a-1) inside the casing (3a) is damaged or crushed, resulting in the guide (3a-1). Although 1) cannot perform its function, there are many cases in which the device is used without repair because internal repair takes a lot of time and money. In this case, since the sludge is not discharged well and the inside of the decomposition reactor (3) must be cleaned manually after one cycle is finished, the loss time is large.

Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, in one embodiment of the present invention, the fixed body 3d-2 having the liquid passage 3d-3 formed in the fluid outlet 3c of the cylindrical casing 3a is rotatable. It may be configured to form a fork rail (3d) including two flat plates (3d-1) that are fixed and protrude by a predetermined distance in the direction of the waste inlet. The fork rail 3d may be configured parallel to the ground surface when the cylindrical casing 3a is in a stationary state.

The fork rail 3d is preferably formed in the range of 80% to 120% of the fork size of the forklift. According to the distance between the forks of the forklift, the two plates 3d-1 may be configured in parallel and spaced apart from the guide 3a-1 by a predetermined distance. Through this configuration, it is possible to prevent a collision between waste and the fork of the forklift and the guide 3a-1.

The transfer of waste inside the conventional decomposition reactor (3) is irrelevant to the guide (3a-1), and in most cases the sludge does not exceed the height of the guide (3a-1), so the guide (3a-1) has a fork rail ( Even if 3d) is fixedly combined, there is no significant effect on the transport of waste or sludge.

In addition, in the conventional decomposition reactor (3), the thermally emulsified gas outlet portion at the end of the casing (3a) was not included in the combustion chamber (heating device) and was exposed to the air, and the thermally emulsified gas was discharged through the fluid discharge port (3c) at the end of the casing. There was a problem in that liquid clogging occurred as it was cooled in air and liquefied. The conventional decomposition reactor 3 has a structure in which the power transmission device 3h for rotating the casing 3a is provided on the outlet side of the casing 3a so that the combustion chamber cannot be expanded, but in the embodiment of the present invention, the power transmission device 3h It is provided on the waste inlet side, and the combustion chamber (3e) is expanded to include the thermal emulsification gas outlet to fundamentally prevent the clogging of the fluid outlet (3c).

An exhaust pipe 3f may be connected to the thermal emulsification gas outlet at the end of the combustion chamber 3e. Since the exhaust pipe 3f is connected to the outlet of the thermal emulsification gas, the gas (thermal energy) in the combustion chamber 3e is exhausted after contacting the outlet of the casing 3a, so that the thermal emulsification gas can completely escape from the decomposition reactor 3. Heating may be continued until

In addition, a pressure regulating plate ( 3g-2) may be included.

The motor 3g may include a sensor for measuring pressure and temperature in the decomposition reactor.

9, the power transmission device (3h) of the decomposition reactor (3) is connected to the secondary gear (inner ring gear, 3h-2) formed at one end of the casing (3a) and the secondary gear (3h-2). The primary gear 3h-1 rotates the secondary gear 3h-2, the secondary pulley 3h-4 rotates the primary gear 3h-1, and the secondary pulley 3h-4 ) and a primary pulley 3h-3 connected through a belt 3h-5, and a motor 3h for rotating the primary pulley 3h-3.

The gear ratio/reduction ratio/gear ratio between the primary pulley (3h-3)-second pulley (3h-4) and primary gear (3h-1)-second gear (3h-2) is "one to many (primary -> The rate at which it is decelerated as it goes to the secondary)". Since the casing (3a) does not require a high rotational speed, the primary pulley (3h-3)-secondary pulley (3h- 4) and the first gear (2h-1)-secondary gear (3h-2) by multi-stage deceleration (shifting), thereby amplifying the magnitude of the force applied to the casing (3a), so that even with a small motor (3h) output, the casing ( 3a) can rotate smoothly.

In FIG. 10, in addition to the power transmission device 3h of the decomposition reactor 3 as described above, a roller 3i for assisting rotation by separating the casing 3a from the inner circumferential surface of the combustion chamber 3e by a predetermined distance will be provided. can A plurality of rollers 3i may be connected in multiple stages to the outer circumferential surface of the casing 3a. Each roller 3i distributes and supports the load of the casing 3a, and can assist the casing 3a to rotate when the casing 3a rotates according to the drive of the power transmission device 3h.

A fuel spray nozzle 3e-1 and a spark plug 3e-2 may be provided inside the combustion chamber 3e. A plurality of fuel spray nozzles 3e-1 and spark plugs 3e-2 may be provided at predetermined intervals so as to uniformly heat the inside of the combustion chamber 3e.

[3] Separation device (separation device by product component)

It is preferable to separate the produced oil into components (gasoline, diesel, kerosene, heavy oil, etc.) to store and distribute it, but it is also possible to store and distribute the components in a mixed state without including a separate separator. Oil in a state where each component is mixed as described above can be distributed as industrial heavy oil.

A person of ordinary skill in the art can easily replace the connection order and connection relationship of each separation device. Each separation device and other components (thermal emulsification device, cooling device 6, storage device, etc.) can be connected including pipes and pumps.

In a preferred embodiment, a distillation column 5 connected to the discharge end of the decomposition reactor 3, a cooling device 6 connected to the diesel gas discharge end of the distillation column 5, water and water from the fluid discharged from the cooling device 6 An oil-water separator (7) that separates oil, a storage tank that temporarily stores the oil separated from the oil-water separator (7), a settling tank (8) that precipitates the fluid stored in the storage tank, and the sediment inside the settling tank (8) A sedimentation separator for removing, a centrifugal separator 9 for extracting residual oil from the sediment separated in the sedimentation separator, and a sludge treatment device for receiving the sludge discharged from the centrifugal separator 9 may be included.

Hereinafter, a detailed configuration of each separation device will be described.

Distillation column (5) (heavy oil gas/light oil gas separation device, gas-liquid separation device)

10, the distillation column 5 may be formed to have a long inner space in a direction perpendicular to the ground. It may be configured in a cylindrical or rectangular (pillar) shape.

At the bottom of the distillation column 5, an inlet 5-1 may be formed for gas flowing from the discharge end of the decomposition reactor 3. Among the fluids introduced at a high temperature (350 ° C to 550 ° C; maximum temperature of the decomposition reactor 3), the high boiling point product (or undecomposed reactant), which is in a liquid state even at a high temperature, is discharged through the lower discharge port provided at the bottom of the distillation column (5). It exits through (5-2), and the lower discharge port (5-2) is reintroduced into the decomposition reactor (3) to induce decomposition into low-boiling products. In an example, the liquid waste may be conveyed into the decomposition reactor 3 through the inlet.

Inside the distillation column 5, a plurality of stages 5-3, columns, and trays; tray) is formed, and in each stage, oil components of different molecular weights can be liquefied and discharged according to the boiling point.

A heating device or a cooling device may be provided so that the gas inside the distillation column 5 reaches a temperature within a desired range for each stage. The temperature at each stage can be controlled through this.

For example, in the first stage, the gas (heavy oil) in contact with the tray cap 5-4 is liquefied by maintaining the temperature below 350 ° C, and the liquefied heavy oil is transferred to the heavy oil tank 18d through pipes and equipment. It can be. In the second stage, the temperature is maintained in the range of 220 ° C to 250 ° C to liquefy the gas (diesel) in contact with the tray cap 5-4, and the liquefied diesel is transferred to the diesel tank 18b through pipes and equipment. It can be. In the third stage, the gas (kerosene) in contact with the tray cap is liquefied by maintaining the temperature in the range of 150 ° C to 240 ° C, and the liquefied kerosene can be transferred to the diesel tank 18b through pipes and equipment. In the fourth stage, the temperature is maintained in the range of 75 ° C to 150 ° C to liquefy the gas (naphtha) in contact with the tray cap 5-4, and the liquefied naphtha can be transferred to the naphtha tank through pipes and equipment. . In the fifth stage, the temperature is maintained in the range of 40 ° C to 75 ° C to liquefy the gas (gasoline) in contact with the tray cap 5-4, and the liquefied gasoline is transferred to the gasoline tank 18a through pipes and equipment. It can be. After that, LPG may be discharged through an upper discharge port provided at the top of the distillation column 5.

As the tray cap 5-4, a "bubble cap tray" may be employed. The bubble cap tray may have a shape in which the hole of the tray 5-3 is formed in a chimney shape, and a cap is mounted on the chimney shape. This configuration is suitable for the distillation column 5 having a high contamination coefficient, and in the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to apply the above configuration because the generation of a predetermined contaminant is predicted by thermally emulsifying the waste.

- Oil water separator (7)

After cooling and liquefying the gas produced in the decomposition reactor, it is necessary to separate the water component from the produced liquid. With reference to the description of the present invention, a person skilled in the art will be able to determine whether to separate water components (whether an oil-water separator system is included or not) according to the use of the oil produced through the pyrolysis device.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the oil-water separation device 7 includes an oil-water separation tank equipped with a predetermined accommodation space, a fluid supply pipe, an oil discharge pipe provided at the top of the oil-water separation tank, and an oil-water separation tank. It may include a water discharge pipe provided at the bottom and through which water is introduced and discharged.

The density of each liquid at room temperature is: Water 1000kg/m3, gasoline 680kg/m3, kerosene 780~810kg/m3, light oil 820~845kg/m3, heavy oil 890~1010kg/m3. (m3 : cubic meter)

All components, except for some of the heavy oil components, have a lower density than water, so the oil/water mixture supplied through the fluid supply pipe is separated by the difference in density (oil at the top, water at the bottom).

Considering the density of the heavy oil component, it is preferable that the fluid is supplied to the oil/water separator 7 in a state in which at least the heavy oil component is separated from the front end of the oil/water separator 7 . Alternatively, the oil-water separation process may be performed in a state including heavy oil by dissolving other solutes in water or using a hydrophilic solvent having a higher density than water (heavy oil).

A water level sensor is provided in the oil-water separation tank, so that the water level in the oil-water separation tank can be kept constant.

- Foreign matter separation device in the product

When crude oil is fractionated, asphalt is produced as sludge, but in the embodiment of the present invention, since oil components are fractionated from waste, various foreign substances (secondary waste) may be generated during the entire process using the system.

For example, HCl is produced during the decomposition of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). If the foreign substances are not completely removed, they can cause fatal damage to internal combustion engines, etc. when using oil, and can also adversely affect the human body and the environment, so it is important to properly separate and remove these harmful foreign substances.

- Sedimentation separation device (sedimentation tank (8), primary oil storage device)

12, oil components condensed into a liquid phase in the cooling device 6 and water removed in the oil-water separator 7 may be transported to the primary oil storage device. The primary oil storage device may include the function of the settling tank (8). The body of the sedimentation tank 8 is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole, and the lower portion is configured to have a hopper shape (inverted cone/polygonal pyramid shape) with a predetermined inclined surface formed on the circumferential surface. A transport pipe and a pump capable of transporting sediment may be connected to the lower end of the sedimentation tank 8. An oil inlet 8-1 may be provided at one side of the settling tank 8, and an oil outlet 8-2 may be provided at a position lower than the water level of the settling tank 8 by a predetermined height.

Normally, sludge is separated and discharged from the thermal emulsifier, but some sludge with small particles may be introduced together with gases, and some foreign substances are converted to gas or liquid at high temperatures and return to solid when the temperature is lowered, forming solid sludge. can remain in the form

Since the sludge has a higher density than the oil component, it is precipitated in the sedimentation tank 8, and the sludge and some oil components can be discharged through the sediment outlet 8-3.

In addition, when the gas is cooled to 130° C. or lower when phthalic acid is included among the gas components, phthalic acid is precipitated as phthalic anhydride, and phthalic anhydride is deposited on the pipe, causing clogging of the pipe. In order to prevent this clogging phenomenon, phthalic anhydride may be precipitated in the precipitation tank 8 as described above and separated from the oil component.

In order to prevent clogging of pipes due to phthalic anhydride, predetermined heating means such as heating wires / planar heaters may be provided in all / part of the pipe (including equipment) from the decomposition reactor 3 to the storage device. The heating temperature is preferably 130°C or higher. The heating means may be omitted for piping or equipment having a temperature of 130 ° C or higher by receiving heat from the heating device (decomposition reactor 3, etc.).

- Centrifugal separator (9)

In order to re-extract oil from the sludge/oil mixture discharged from the sedimentation separator, a centrifugal separator 9 may be connected to the rear end of the sedimentation separator.

After centrifugation, the sludge is transferred to the sludge treatment device, and the oil component may be re-introduced through the upper part of the sedimentation separator (settling tank 8). While circulating through the sediment separator-centrifugal separator (9), the ratio of foreign matter components such as sludge or phthalic anhydride mixed with oil can be converged to 1% or less.

- Chlorine (HCl) removal device

Since hydrochloric acid (chlorine) generated during thermal decomposition of waste vinyl or PVC has a very high solubility in water, most of it can be removed while contacting the water in the oil-water separator 7 described above.

However, if the amount of HCl generated is excessive due to the large amount of waste synthetic polymers containing chlorine among the input wastes, there is a risk of generating toxic gas (HCl vapor) and corrosion of the device inside the system such as the oil-water separation device 7.

Therefore, the oil-water separation device 7 may include a buffer solution or a basic solution so as to accommodate a sufficient amount of hydrochloric acid. In addition, to prevent corrosion of the device by measuring the pH inside the system in real time, A pH measuring sensor may be provided in a pipe, etc. When the pH value measured by the pH measuring sensor is below a predetermined value (for example, when the pH is less than 4), the aforementioned buffer solution or basic solution is poured into the water tank or pipe. It may also be configured to inject a buffer solution or basic solution after discharging a solution having a low pH value.

As described above, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the chlorine removal device may be configured in the form of a chlorine removal system in which components are distributed throughout the system, rather than a single device located on one side of the system.

[4] Cooling device (6)

In the thermal emulsifier, gaseous oil components (gasoline, heavy oil, light oil, kerosene, etc.) are extracted. A cooling device 6 may be connected to the rear end of the separator to cool and liquefy it.

The boiling points of crude oil components are: LPG 25℃ or less, gasoline 40~75℃, naphtha 75℃~150℃, kerosene 150~240℃, diesel 220~250℃, heavy oil 350℃ or more (based on fractional distillation).

Since other oil components other than LPG can be liquefied only with water at room temperature (25 ° C) (LPG is also partially cooled), the cooling device (6) using cooling water will be described in detail below.

Bath Chiller (6)

In FIG. 13, the water tank cooling device 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a water tank 6-1 in which a predetermined accommodation space is formed, and a pipe and a pump for injecting water into the water tank 6-1. , A pipe and a pump for discharging water from the water tank (6-1), a cooling means for cooling the water again, and a cooling water tank heat exchange pipe (6) for generating heat exchange between water and oil through the water tank (6-1). -2), a bend pipe 6-4 connecting each pipe, and a pipe cover 6-3 closing an end of an unused pipe.

The cooling means is configured to lower the temperature using a heat pump or the like, or a heat sink 16 such as river/sea water, a water storage tank that can ignore temperature changes compared to the water tank 6-1 because the water capacity is very large) A configuration in which water is supplied from and the water is discharged to the heat sink 16 may be used. Since the water tank 6-1 is in contact with a pipe having high thermal conductivity, the direct effect on environmental pollution is small even if the water used as cooling water is discharged to the river or the sea as it is.

However, since environmental changes may occur around the water discharge end due to a rise in water temperature, the water is cooled to a predetermined temperature before discharging and discharged, but the water discharged by generating turbulence around the discharge end (water heated by being used as cooling water) and It can be configured to mix river/sea water quickly. In this case, the amount of energy required for cooling is relatively small compared to a configuration in which the water used as the cooling water is cooled by the cooling means and then supplied again as the cooling water.

The pipe is composed of a plurality of rows from the upper part 6a to the lower part 6b of the water tank 6-1, and each row may be alternately connected. In addition, the pipe diameter can be configured to gradually decrease from the upper pipe 6a to the lower pipe 6b.

In a conventional cooling device, as the oil (gas) component flowing in the pipe is liquefied, the liquid oil blocks the pipe, and the pipe is often clogged. Through the configuration of the pipe as described above, the upper part ( It is possible to prevent pipe clogging due to sudden change in density of oil at the oil input stage, 6a).

By widening (65A) the pipe diameter of the first pipe row (6a) where oil and coolant first come into contact, the flow rate is relatively slow in the beginning of cooling, and the pipe diameter of the last pipe row (oil output end, 6b) is relatively narrow (32A), the flow rate can be quickly configured at the time when cooling is completed.

The pipes may be connected so that the height gradually decreases from the upper pipe 6a to the lower pipe 6b so that the oil component, whose density increases as it cools, naturally flows toward the outlet of the cooling water tank due to its own weight.

Frequent clogging of pipelines can have a devastating effect on oil production per hour (or per day). In the event of pipe blockage, after stopping all devices, waiting until the cooling water tank pipe (6-2) and the fluid inside the pipe are sufficiently cooled, and then opening and drilling the pipe (6-2). For the safety of workers, high-temperature/high-pressure fluid must flow in the pipe while the equipment is operating, resulting in a large loss of working time.

Although the pipe clogging phenomenon can be drastically improved with the above configuration, the pipe 6-2 is a water tank 6 -1), but is configured to open each column through the flange 6-3 at the outer portion of the water tank 6-1 (removable the pipe cover in the form of the flange 6-3) can When the pipe clogging phenomenon occurs, the clogging phenomenon can be solved by opening only the pipe cover of the corresponding pipe 6-2.

In addition, since the cooling water in the water tank 6-1 is naturally convex, the heated hot water moves to the upper part of the water tank 6-1 and the newly supplied cold water moves to the lower part of the water tank 6-1, so each pipe The volume change of the internal fluid between heats can be averaged.

In addition, by flange-joining each pipe row in a U-shaped, H-shaped, or c-shaped form (bend pipe, 6-4) outside the water tank (6-1), in case of clogging in a specific pipe, the corresponding flange (6-3 ) can be separated (opened) to quickly resolve clogging.

In addition, cooling fins are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the pipe in the water tank 6-1 to maximize the cooling efficiency by maximizing the contact surface area with water.

In FIG. 14 , heat transfer between the pipe and water may be promoted by radially attaching flat metal fins F to the circumferential surface of the pipe in addition to the cooling fins. About 4 to 8 pieces of flat metal may be attached to the outer circumferential surface of the pipe.

The water tank 6-1 is provided with a stirring device, and the temperature of the water in the water tank 6-1 can be maintained uniformly by forced convection of the cooling water in the water tank 6-1.

A water discharge pipe and a pump are provided at the top of the water tank (6-1), and the cooling water that is heated and discharged can be transported to the decomposition reactor (3) and sprayed. When water is sprayed into the decomposition reactor (3), when spraying low-temperature water, the load of the heating means increases due to the latent heat of the water. load can be reduced.

[5] Storage

Each storage device may be provided with a pressure regulator and a pressure gauge for regulating the pressure inside the storage device (tank) due to vaporized gas.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, since intermediate products or final products have various boiling points/saturated vapor pressures, when vaporization occurs well at the storage temperature of the storage device, damage or explosion of the storage device due to the increase in pressure may occur. Therefore, a condenser (cooling device) or a gas discharge device may be provided in the storage device to lower the pressure.

If the fluid provided in the storage device is non-toxic and has little impact on the environment, the pressure is controlled by discharging and ventilating the gas, and in other cases, the pressure is reduced by condensing gas molecules through a condenser.

[6] Sludge treatment device

sludge crusher

- Physical crushing device

In order to construct a smooth circulation path of waste, it is preferable to have a separate crushing device for crushing sludge.

Sludge can also be regarded as a kind of waste or waste synthetic polymers to be recycled in the present invention, so it is possible to re-inject the sludge into the waste synthetic polymer thermal emulsification system. However, since most of the oil components are already extracted in the first thermal emulsification process, the oil component extraction rate of the second thermal emulsification process may be relatively low compared to the first thermal emulsification process. The secondary thermal emulsification process can be more effective as the under-thermal emulsification reaction of waste synthetic polymers (a state in which wastes are not properly decomposed and remain as synthetic polymers) occurs due to factors such as insufficient reaction time.

Crushing drum (11)

In FIG. 15, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the sludge crushing device includes a pair of crushing drums 11-1 having the same rotation axis and spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval, and the crushing drum 11-1 ) It may include a power transmission device (3h) connected to the drive shaft, and a power supply device (drive motor or internal combustion engine) that provides power to the power transmission device (3h).

The crushing drum 11-1 is configured in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of crushing blades 11-2 may be spirally provided at predetermined intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder. The helical crushing blades 11-2 formed on the plurality of crushing drums 11-1 may be provided to be offset from each other like a coupling part of a helical gear. The description of misalignment may mean a configuration in which wear of the crushing blades 11-2 is suppressed by minimizing interference between the crushing blades 11-2.

The crushing drum 11-1 may be composed of a plurality of series. In this case, each row of the crushing drums 11-1 (in the direction of the drive shaft) may be provided in a state twisted by a predetermined angle.

In the above configuration, the wastes crushed in row 1 (top crushing drum, 11a) are compressed and discharged in a parallel form in the east-west direction, In the crushing drum located in 11b), it is preferable to be formed in the north-south direction so as to be perpendicular to it.

When the crushing drum 11-1 is provided in four or more rows, the crushing rate through the crushing drum 11-1 drops sharply in the second half of the row (fourth row or later), so the cost of equipment, maintenance, and management It is preferable to provide up to 2 or 3 rows in consideration of ease and the like.

- Gas impact crusher

According to an embodiment of the present invention, combustible materials of various compositions are generated in each process/device, and among them, oil components (gasoline, diesel, etc.) with high added value are present, while many combustible materials unsuitable for life or industry are also generated It can be.

As for oil components with low value-added as described above, the cost of transportation may be greater than the value of oil (in the process of transporting oil, oil of higher/more value than the value of the oil to be transported may be consumed). yes) can be used by itself in the system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

As an example thereof, an internal combustion engine using the above low value-added oil (some of the intermediate/final products of the thermal emulsification system) may be provided.

16, the internal combustion engine includes a cylinder 11'-1 in which a predetermined combustion chamber is formed, a piston 11'-2 accommodated in the cylinder 11'-1, and the piston 11'- 2) may include a crankshaft connected to. A predetermined sealing structure is formed between the cylinder 11'-1 and the piston 11'-2, so that the gas in the cylinder 11'-1 passes through the piston 11'-2 and the cylinder 11'- 1) It is preferable to be configured so that it does not flow into the opposite side. Since the general configuration of the internal combustion engine itself is a well-known technology, it will not be described in detail.

The energy generated in the internal combustion engine may be connected to an electric motor such as a motor and used as a power generation device.

The space (non-reactive gas accommodating space) formed on the opposite side of the combustion chamber of the cylinder 11'-1 may be connected to a sludge storage device. In this case, the energy generated through the combustion of gas (oil) in the internal combustion engine quickly pushes the piston 11`-2 to the end of the cylinder 11`-1 (top dead center or bottom dead center), and the non-reactive gas accommodation space The space formed in the sludge is rapidly compressed and supplied to the sludge storage device. Shock waves generated in this process can crush the sludge.

In order to increase the crushing force of the shock wave, the output end (injection end) of the shock wave may be configured in the form of a nozzle. At the output end of the shock wave, the size of the dynamic pressure is rapidly increased by rapidly reducing the diameter of the pipe, thereby promoting the crushing of the sludge.

In the non-reactive gas accommodating space, a gas that does not react with other gases such as air or has low reactivity, such as group 18 gas or nitrogen (N2) on the periodic table, in consideration of the maximum temperature at the time of ignition (explosion) reaction of the internal combustion engine can be used

In the process of operating the generator, a force is generated in the generator in a direction that interferes with the rotation of the crankshaft, which can hinder the crushing of sludge, so a coupler is connected to the crankshaft, and the sludge crushing process using shock waves is not performed It may be configured to be connected to the generator only in

In the sludge storage device, a shock absorbing device may be provided on one or more sides in order to prevent damage or explosion of the sludge storage device due to shock waves.

The shock absorbing device is formed on one side of the outer circumferential surface of the sludge storage device and includes a shock absorbing space in which a predetermined cylinder is formed, and a buffering means (11'-7) (spring, elastic body, damper, etc.) connected to one end of the shock absorbing space. ).

A shock relieving piston (11'-6) is coupled to the other end of the shock absorbing means (11'-7) (the other end of the shock absorbing space coupling part), and is pushed out by the pressure when the air pressure of the sludge storage device rapidly increases while it may be configured to transmit force to the buffering means (11`-7).

The shock relieving device may include a shock relieving on-off device, and a pressure gauge may be further provided in the sludge storage device. When the pressure inside the sludge storage device becomes 50% or more of the limit pressure that the sludge storage device can withstand, the shock absorber may be turned on immediately to relieve the shock. Since the pressure change time due to the explosion of the internal combustion engine is very short, it is preferable that one or more shock absorbing devices are always on.

Sludge treatment reaction device / sludge discharge device

The sludge crushed through the above configuration can be introduced into the sludge treatment reactor. In the sludge that has undergone re-thermal emulsification and crushing, almost no oil components of high added value remain, and rather, there is a high possibility that toxic gas components remain. Therefore, the sludge is stirred and heated to vaporize components such as gas/oil buried in the sludge, and the vaporized components can be transferred to a separate waste gas treatment device 13.

In the waste gas treatment device 13, the waste gas supplied from the sludge treatment reaction device can be burned and removed. After combustion, water may be sprayed to remove fine particles generated by the combustion reaction. After the combustion reaction, high-pressure water is sprayed into the waste gas treatment device (13) to clean the dregs buried inside, and the waste gas is cooled by water and a separate cooling device to store the final sludge in a liquid state (wastewater) It may be sent to the device 15 or the wastewater storage device 14.

The wastewater may be discharged after being introduced into a predetermined water purification device to remove suspended matter and contaminants.

The sludge remaining after the waste gas is removed may be transferred to the final sludge storage device 15 for transport to a waste treatment facility.

The waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system of the present invention has industrial applicability.

Claims (9)

1. In the waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system,

   a decomposition reactor for heating and decomposing the waste synthetic polymer;

   a cooling device for cooling components produced in the decomposition reactor;

   It includes a storage device for storing the components produced in the decomposition reactor and the cooling device;

   The decomposition reactor,

   A cylindrical casing with a spiral guide formed on an inner circumferential surface;

   Includes a power transmission device for forward or reverse rotation of the casing;

   In the casing, a fork rail extending from the waste inlet by a predetermined length and spaced apart from the guide by a predetermined distance;

   The fork rail is rotatably fixed to a fixture in which a liquid passage is formed at the fluid outlet of the casing and protrudes by a predetermined distance in the direction of the waste inlet, so that when the casing is in a stationary state, the fixture is centered on the fixture by its own weight. Waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system, characterized in that it comprises two plates that are rotated and parallel to the ground surface.
2. The method of claim 1,

   The fork rail is a waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system, characterized in that the size of 80% to 120% of the fork of the forklift.
3. The method of claim 1,

   The waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system, characterized in that the waste inlet is fixed by a plurality of bolts and nuts having locking holes.
4. The method of claim 1,

   Waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system, characterized in that the pressure control plate rotatable by the rotary shaft of the motor to which the pressure and temperature sensor is attached is formed in the fluid outlet part.
5. The method of claim 1,

   The waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system, characterized in that the fork rail includes two flat plates in which a fixture having a liquid passage formed at the fluid outlet of the casing is rotatably fixed and protrudes by a predetermined distance toward the waste inlet.
6. The method of claim 5,

   The fork rail has a size of 80% to 120% of the forklift fork, and when the casing is in a stationary state, it rotates around the fixture by its own weight so that the two flat plates are parallel to the ground surface. Lungs, characterized in that Synthetic polymer pyrolysis system.
7. The method of claim 1,

   The waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system, characterized in that the power transmission device is formed on the side of the waste inlet, and the combustion chamber includes up to the fluid outlet.
8. The method of claim 1,

   Five stages are formed inside the distillation column, and each stage includes a tray cap for liquefying heavy oil, light oil, kerosene, naphtha, and gasoline.
9. The method of claim 1,

   The waste synthetic polymer pyrolysis system, characterized in that the power transmission device is formed on the side of the waste inlet, and the combustion chamber includes up to the fluid outlet.

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