KR20050097073A - Apparatus for making oil using chemical recycling of plastic wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses an apparatus for emulsifying waste plastics for producing oil from oil gas produced upon pyrolysis of waste plastics. The reactor of the present invention has a main body having a reaction chamber in which an inlet for injecting waste plastic is formed, and a door for opening and closing the inlet of the main body. The burner is installed on the outer surface of the reactor to provide thermal energy for pyrolysis of the waste plastic, and the duct is installed in the reaction chamber to be isolated from the reaction chamber to induce the flow of thermal energy provided from the burner. Horizontal and vertical superconducting heat pipes are installed through the duct to expose the reaction chamber and transfer heat energy flowing along the duct to the reaction chamber. The screen basket is placed in the reaction chamber so as to receive waste plastic introduced into the reaction chamber and to be supported by horizontal superconducting heat pipes, and the screen basket is placed in the reaction chamber by a hoist. According to the present invention, the thermal energy applied from the burner can be transferred to the reaction chamber of the reactor by the superconducting heat pipes to rapidly increase the temperature of the reaction chamber, and the temperature of the reaction chamber is kept uniform throughout, so that the waste plastic Can increase the productivity of the oil by increasing the decomposition reaction rate of. In addition, it is possible to improve the workability by the batch dosing method in which the screen basket containing the waste plastic is placed in the reaction chamber by the hoist, it is possible to prevent the remaining of the sludge. A screen basket containing waste plastic can be supported by suspending to prevent the occurrence of carbonization and caulking.

Description

Emulsifying device of waste plastic {APPARATUS FOR MAKING OIL USING CHEMICAL RECYCLING OF PLASTIC WASTES}

The present invention relates to an emulsifying apparatus for waste plastics, and more particularly, to an emulsifying apparatus for waste plastics for producing oil from oil gas generated during thermal decomposition of waste plastics.

As is well known, since landfilling of waste plastics causes serious environmental pollution, technologies for treating waste plastics and recycling them as resources are being actively researched. Such waste plastic recycling technologies include energy recycling, material recycling, and chemical recycling.

Energy recycling of waste plastics uses thermal energy obtained by incineration of waste plastics. However, incineration of waste plastics inevitably generates harmful substances such as dioxin and furan-based substances, which are harmful to the environment and the human body. The disadvantage is that the investment and operation of the facility is expensive. Therefore, the waste plastics are prioritized for recycling of raw materials and chemical recycling rather than energy recycling. The recycling of raw materials for waste plastics classifies waste plastics and uses them as raw materials for plastic products. In order to recycle waste plastics, waste plastics have to be classified by type. However, due to the many difficulties involved in sorting out waste plastics or incompatibilities, they have problems of low workability and economic efficiency.

On the other hand, chemical recycling is to obtain an oil that can be used as a raw material from waste plastics, and the emulsification apparatus and technology for chemical recycling of waste plastics are disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication Nos. 2002-72889, 2002-74110, and 2003-6459. And many other documents, including Korean Utility Model Publication No. 20-266341.

The emulsifying apparatus of these techniques selects and puts waste plastics through the raw material inlet of the reactor, and thermally decomposes the waste plastics by heating means such as a burner to obtain oil gas. The temperature of the reactor varies depending on the type of waste plastic and the reaction conditions, but is generally maintained at about 300 to 600 ° C. Oil gas generated in the pretreatment process through pyrolysis of waste plastic is produced as oil through a series of emulsification treatment processes such as liquefaction and separation. In addition, waste plastics may be pre-melted in advance in order to be advantageous for pyrolysis.

In such a conventional emulsifying apparatus, the phenomenon in which waste plastic is carbonized frequently occurs while heat applied by the heating means is concentrated on the bottom of the reactor. The carbonization of waste plastics not only drastically lowers the heat transfer to the inside of the reactor, but also causes a temperature deviation of the reactor, resulting in a slow decomposition reaction of the waste plastics, resulting in a decrease in efficiency and an increase in energy consumption. have.

In addition, sludge such as metals, glass, soil, unmelted waste plastic, and the like remain at the bottom of the reactor during thermal decomposition of waste plastic. After the sludge has cooled down the reactor, the operator must enter the inside of the reactor directly through the manhole and discharge it to the outside of the reactor through the sludge discharge pipe, which takes a lot of time and manpower to remove the sludge. There is a problem in that the operation rate and the yield of oil are lowered due to the operation stop of the emulsifier according to the removal of the sludge. In particular, if the caking generated by carbonization of the waste plastic and the sludge adhered to the bottom of the reactor is not removed periodically, the waste plastic cannot be thermally decomposed and eventually the operation of the reactor must be stopped. However, the removal of the caulking stuck to the bottom of the reactor is difficult and difficult because it involves a problem of increased time and manpower requirements.

On the other hand, the waste plastic of the unit process is crushed by a crusher, and then transported by an air conveyor or a screw conveyor (Screw conveyor) is introduced through the raw material inlet and manhole of the reactor. However, it takes about 1 to 2 hours to crush and add about 1 ton of waste plastic, resulting in a decrease in productivity and an increase in production costs.

The present invention has been made to solve the various problems of the prior art as described above, the object of the present invention is to raise the temperature of the reaction chamber rapidly, the temperature of the reaction chamber is kept uniform throughout, It is to provide an emulsifying device for high efficiency and low energy type waste plastics that can greatly improve the productivity of oil and minimize energy consumption by increasing the decomposition reaction rate of plastics.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an emulsification apparatus for waste plastics which can improve workability by a batch injection method of waste plastics.

Another object of the present invention is to prevent the remaining of the sludge in the reaction chamber of the reactor by the input of the waste plastic using the screen basket to improve the operability, it is possible to easily remove the sludge remaining in the screen basket The present invention provides an emulsification apparatus for waste plastic.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an emulsification apparatus for waste plastic that can effectively prevent the occurrence of carbonization and caulking by supporting the screen basket containing the waste plastic in a suspending method.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an emulsification apparatus for waste plastic that is configured to induce a flow of thermal energy in a reaction chamber of a reactor to minimize heat loss.

A feature of the present invention for achieving the above object is a reaction furnace having a main body having a reaction chamber in which an inlet for introducing waste plastic is formed, and a door for opening and closing the inlet of the main body; Heating means installed on an outer surface of the reactor and providing thermal energy for thermal decomposition of waste plastics; A duct installed in the reaction chamber of the reactor so as to be isolated from the reaction chamber and inducing a flow of thermal energy provided from the heating means; A heat transfer means installed through the duct so as to be exposed to the reaction chamber of the reactor, and transferring heat energy flowing along the duct to the reaction chamber of the reactor; A waste plastic emulsifying apparatus comprising waste plastic input means having a screen basket placed in a reaction chamber of a reactor so as to receive waste plastic introduced into a reaction chamber of a reactor and supported by a heat transfer means.

In addition, the heat transfer means includes a plurality of horizontal superconducting heat pipes installed horizontally to support the screen basket in the reaction chamber of the reactor, and a plurality of vertical superconducting heat pipes installed vertically along the circumferential direction in the reaction chamber of the reactor. It is in what consists of. And the screen basket of the waste plastic input means is composed of a container having an open top to accommodate the waste plastic, and a screen attached to form a space for storing the waste plastic on the top of the container, the waste plastic input means is a reactor It further comprises a hoist that can be carried by placing the screen basket to the reaction chamber through the inlet of the.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the waste plastic emulsifying apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, referring to Figures 1 and 4, the waste plastic emulsifying apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a reactor (10). The main body 11 of the reactor 10 has an upright cylindrical shape with an inlet 12 at the top, and the waste plastic 1 is introduced into the reaction chamber 13 through the inlet 12 of the main body 11. do. The inlet 12 of the main body 11 is configured to be opened and closed in a full open type by the door 15 rotated around the hinge 14, and the door 15 is the inlet 12. To keep it confidential. The door 15 and the bottom 16 of the reaction chamber 13 are designed in a dome shape to withstand high internal pressure. And the upper part of the reactor 10 is connected to the gas discharge pipe 17 for discharging the oil gas generated during the thermal decomposition of the waste plastic 1 from the reaction chamber 13, the gas discharge pipe 17 is Oil gas is supplied to the emulsion process.

In addition, the reactor 10 is supported by the base 18 by a plurality of load cells 20, and the load cell 20 is introduced into the reaction chamber 13 of the reactor 10. The weight of the waste plastic 1 present is calculated. Although FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 show and demonstrated that the reactor 10 is comprised by an upright cylinder, the reactor 10 may be comprised horizontally.

The emulsifying apparatus of the present invention includes a burner 31 as a heating apparatus 30 that applies thermal energy capable of thermally decomposing waste plastic 1 introduced into the reaction chamber 13 of the reactor 10. Burner 31 is installed on the outer surface of the reactor 10 in close proximity to the bottom 16 of the reaction chamber 13, the burner 31 is fueled by the oil or reaction gas produced by the emulsifying apparatus of the present invention It can be configured as an oil burner or gas burner that can be used. In the bottom 16 of the reaction chamber 13, a duct 40 for inducing the flow of thermal energy provided from the burner 31 is provided so as to be isolated from the reaction chamber 13. The duct 40 is configured to have a ring shape along the edge of the bottom 16, and a space 41 is formed at the center of the ring duct 40. And a communication 42 which discharges combustion gas to the outside is connected to one side of the duct 40 which opposes the burner 31.

1 to 4, in the emulsifying apparatus of the present invention, the heat transfer means 50 which transfers thermal energy flowing along the duct 40 to the reaction chamber 13 in the reaction chamber 13 of the reactor 10. It is provided. The heat transfer means 50 has a plurality of horizontal superconductors installed horizontally through the inner wall of the duct 40 so that one end is exposed inside the duct 40 and the other end is exposed to the space 41 of the duct 40. One end of the heat pipes (Horizontal superconduction heat pipes) 51 and the inside of the duct 40 is exposed and the other end is installed horizontally through the upper wall of the duct 40 so as to be exposed to the upper portion of the reaction chamber 13 Consisting of a plurality of vertical superconducting heat pipes 52.

The vertical superconducting heat pipes 52 are arranged along the circumferential direction to approach the inner surface of the reaction chamber 13. In the horizontal and vertical superconducting heat pipes 51 and 52, when thermal energy is applied to one end of a metal pipe such as copper or stainless steel, the superconducting heat medium, which is enclosed in a vacuum state, transfers the thermal energy to the entire pipe. Since the horizontal and vertical superconducting heat pipes 51 and 52 of the present invention have a characteristic of rising to 450 ° C. or more within 15 seconds when the temperature of the burner 31 is about 350 ° C., for example, the heat energy of the burner 31. Can be delivered to the reaction chamber 13 with high efficiency through the horizontal and vertical superconducting heat pipes (51, 52). Therefore, the temperature of the reaction chamber 13 can be raised to the high temperature of 450 degreeC or more within 30 minutes, and the temperature variation of the reaction chamber 13 can be prevented.

Referring to FIG. 1, the emulsifying apparatus of the present invention includes a waste plastic input device 60 capable of collectively injecting waste plastic 1 into the reaction chamber 13 of the reactor 10. The waste plastic input device 60 is composed of a screen basket (61) for accommodating a large amount of waste plastic (1), and a hoist (Hoist) 70 for carrying the screen basket 61.

The screen basket 61 includes a box-shaped container 62 having an open top to accommodate the waste plastic 1, and a space 63 for storing the waste plastic 1 at the top of the container 62. The screen 64 is attached to form and the wire 65 is connected to the hoist 70 on the upper portion of the screen 64. The lower surface of the container 62 is equipped with a number of legs 66 that can be supported on the horizontal superconducting heat pipes 51. In addition, the screen 64 may be configured in various ways, such as iron plate mesh, perforated network, wire mesh.

The hoist 70 includes a motor 71 for providing a driving force, a speed reducer 72 for reducing and transmitting a driving force of the motor 71, and a winding drum for winding or loosening the rope 73 by the speed reducer 72. (Winding drum: 74) and a hook (Hook: 75) fixed to hold the wire (65) of the screen basket (61) to the rope (73). The hoist 70 is comprised so that it may run by the traveling apparatus 77 along the rail 76 installed in the air. Since the construction and operation of the hoist 70 and the traveling device 77 are well known, detailed description thereof will be omitted. On the other hand, when the reactor 10 is configured horizontally, the hoist 70 of the waste plastic input device 60 carries the screen basket 61 horizontally and is introduced into the reaction chamber 13 of the reactor 10. You can also use a forklift truck to do it.

The following describes the operation of the waste plastic emulsifying apparatus according to the present invention having such a configuration.

Referring to Figures 1 and 4, first, the operator is a variety of waste plastics such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (Polypropylene, PP), polystyrene (PS), ABS resin (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene resin, ABS resin) (1) is placed in the screen basket 61 through the selection, drying and the like. At this time, the waste plastic 1 may be put into the screen basket 61 as it is compressed in the process of collecting and transporting or made into pieces of a size suitable for pyrolysis by crushing and put in the screen basket 61.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the operator opens the door 15 of the reactor 10, and then hooks the wire 65 of the screen basket 61 to the hook 75 of the hoist 70. By carrying out the operation of the hoist 70 and the traveling device 77, the screen basket 61 is transported and aligned with the inlet 12 of the reactor 10. When the motor 71 of the hoist 70 is driven, the driving force of the motor 71 is decelerated by the reducer 72 and transmitted to the winding drum 74, and the winding drum 74 rotates to rotate the rope 73. Loosen The reaction chamber 13 enters the reaction chamber 13 through the inlet 12 of the reactor 10 of the screen basket 61 carried by the operation of the hoist 70, and the legs 66 of the screen basket 61 are shown in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 4 and the horizontal superconducting heat pipes 51, they are placed in a floating state in the reaction chamber 13.

Thus, the screen basket 61 in which the waste plastic 1 is contained is collectively put into the reaction chamber 13 of the reactor 10 by the operation of the hoist 70 and the traveling device 77, for example. It is possible to reduce the input of the waste plastic 1 to about 1 ton within 15 minutes. In particular, two or more screen baskets 61 are prepared to place one screen basket 61 in the reaction chamber 13 of the reactor 10, and the waste plastic 1 is accommodated in the remaining screen baskets 61. It is possible to prepare the input of the waste plastic 1 even during the operation of the reactor 10. Therefore, by reducing the time and manpower required for the input and preparation of the waste plastic (1) can greatly improve the workability and productivity.

As shown in FIG. 4, after placing the screen basket 61 containing the waste plastic 1 in the reaction chamber 13 of the reactor 10, the door 15 of the reactor 10 is closed. . Thermal energy generated by the operation of the burner 31 is induced through the duct 40, and the thermal energy flowing along the duct 40 is the reaction chamber 13 through the horizontal and vertical superconducting heat pipes 51 and 52. The temperature of the reaction chamber 13 rises rapidly to a high temperature as it is transmitted to). At this time, the duct 40 for inducing the flow of thermal energy in the reaction chamber 13 of the reactor 10 is configured to minimize the heat loss compared to the method of heating the reactor by the heating means to give the thermal energy. The efficiency of energy can be improved. The combustion gas of the burner 31 is discharged to the outside of the reactor 10 through the duct 40 and the communication 42.

Subsequently, in the reaction chamber 13 of the reactor 10, the waste plastic 1 is pyrolyzed to generate oil gas, and the oil gas is discharged from the reaction chamber 13 through the gas discharge pipe 17. Polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene are pyrolyzed at about 400 ° C, and ABS resins are pyrolyzed at about 200 to 300 ° C. In this way, the oil gas obtained by thermal decomposition of the waste plastic 1 is produced as oil through a series of emulsification treatment processes such as liquefaction and separation. The oil is a mixed oil equivalent to kerosene and light oil, and can be used as a fuel for burners, heating furnaces, etc., and can be made of high quality fuel which can be fractionated and distilled and used for internal combustion engines and gas turbines. In addition, since the decomposition gas generated during the condensation process of oil gas has the same caloric value as LPG, it can be used as a fuel in factories and incineration facilities.

On the other hand, since the temperature of the reaction chamber 13 is maintained uniformly by the horizontal and vertical superconducting heat pipes 51 and 52 as a whole, the decomposition reaction rate of the waste plastic 1 is increased, and the high temperature of the reaction chamber 13 is increased. The waste plastic 1 is thermally decomposed under the atmosphere so that carbonization is effectively prevented. As a result, the loss of the waste plastic 1 due to carbonization is minimized, and the productivity of the oil can be greatly improved. In particular, the carbonization of the waste plastic 1 generated in the bottom 16 of the reactor 10 by a suspending structure in which the legs 66 of the screen basket 61 are supported by the horizontal superconducting heat pipes 51. And caulking can be completely prevented. Therefore, the elimination of carbonization and caulking is not necessary, which greatly reduces the time and manpower requirements, and there is no need to stop the operation of the reactor 10 to remove carbonization and caulking, thereby improving productivity. The cost of production can be reduced.

Finally, the operator can know the remaining amount of the waste plastic (1) is injected into the reaction chamber 13 according to the weight of the waste plastic (1) calculated by the load cell (20). When pyrolysis of the waste plastic 1 is completed, after opening the door of the reactor 10, the wire 65 of the screen basket 61 is hooked to the hook 75 of the hoist 70, and the traveling device 77 The screen basket 61 is withdrawn from the reaction chamber 13 through the inlet 12 of the reactor 10 by the operation of the). In the container 62 of the screen basket 61, sludge such as metals, glass, soil, unmelted waste plastic, and the like remains, and the sludge of the container 62 can be easily removed by an operator. Thus, by receiving and removing the sludge in the container 62 of the screen basket 61, there is no need for the operator to directly enter the reaction chamber 13 of the reactor 10 to remove the sludge, the operation of the emulsifying apparatus There is no need to stop.

The embodiments described above are merely to describe preferred embodiments of the present invention, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, those skilled in the art within the spirit and claims of the present invention It will be understood that various changes, modifications, or substitutions may be made thereto, and such embodiments are to be understood as being within the scope of the present invention.

As described above, according to the emulsification apparatus of the waste plastic according to the present invention, the thermal energy applied from the burner can be transferred to the reaction chamber of the reactor by the superconducting heat pipes, thereby rapidly increasing the temperature of the reaction chamber. Since the temperature of the seal is maintained as a whole, the decomposition reaction rate of the waste plastic is increased to greatly improve the productivity of the oil, and minimize the energy consumption to operate with high efficiency and low energy. In addition, the workability can be improved by the batch injection method of waste plastic in which the screen basket containing the waste plastic is placed in the reaction chamber of the reactor by the hoist, and the operation of the reactor by the input of the waste plastic using the screen basket. Sludge remaining in the reaction chamber can be prevented to improve operability, and sludge remaining in the screen basket can be easily removed. In addition, by supporting the screen basket containing the waste plastic by the suspending method, it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of carbonization and caulking, and the duct to induce the flow of thermal energy in the reaction chamber of the reactor can minimize the heat loss. .

1 is a cross-sectional view showing an emulsifying apparatus for waste plastics according to the present invention;

2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1;

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the screen basket is placed in the waste plastic emulsifying apparatus according to the present invention.

♣ Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawing ♣

1: waste plastic 10: reactor

11: body 12: inlet

13: reaction chamber 15: door

20: load cell 30: heating device

31: burner 40: duct

50: heat transfer means 51: horizontal superconducting heat pipe

52: vertical superconducting heat pipe 60: waste plastic input device

61: screen basket 62: container

64: screen 64: wire

66: Leg 70: Hoist

Claims (5)

A reaction furnace having a main body having a reaction chamber in which an inlet for injecting waste plastic is formed and a door for opening and closing the inlet of the main body; Heating means installed on an outer surface of the reactor and providing thermal energy for thermal decomposition of the waste plastic; A duct installed in the reaction chamber of the reactor so as to be isolated from the reaction chamber and inducing a flow of thermal energy provided from the heating means; Heat transfer means installed through the duct so as to be exposed to the reaction chamber of the reactor, and transferring heat energy flowing along the duct to the reaction chamber of the reactor; Emulsifying apparatus for waste plastic comprising waste plastic input means having a screen basket placed in the reaction chamber of the reactor so as to receive the waste plastic introduced into the reaction chamber of the reactor and supported by the heat transfer means. According to claim 1, wherein the inlet of the reactor is configured to open and close in a completely open manner by the door, the body of the reactor is supported by a load cell that can calculate the weight of the waste plastic waste plastic Emulsifier. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat transfer means, A plurality of horizontal superconducting heat pipes installed horizontally to support the screen basket in the reaction chamber of the reactor; Emulsifying apparatus of the waste plastic comprising a plurality of vertical superconducting heat pipes installed vertically along the circumferential direction in the reaction chamber of the reactor. According to claim 1 or 3, wherein the screen basket of the waste plastic input means is attached to form a container having an upper portion to accommodate the waste plastic, and a space for containing the waste plastic on the top of the container Consists of a screen, wherein the waste plastic input means further comprises a hoist for carrying and placing the screen basket in the reaction chamber through the inlet of the reactor. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein a plurality of legs are mounted on a lower surface of the container to support the container on horizontal superconducting heat pipes constituting the heat transfer means.