WO2023068454A1

WO2023068454A1 - Biomass gasification system

Info

Publication number: WO2023068454A1
Application number: PCT/KR2022/001970
Authority: WO
Inventors: 유정호; 강성일; 김영운; 송재현
Original assignee: (주)에스지이에너지
Priority date: 2021-10-20
Filing date: 2022-02-09
Publication date: 2023-04-27
Also published as: KR102427903B1

Abstract

The present invention provides a biomass gasification system comprising: a supply device in which biomass is accommodated; a gasification device that generates syn gas by using the biomass supplied from the supply device and fluid sand for activating the combustion of the biomass; an air injection device that activates the combustion of the biomass by supplying air to the gasification device; and a purification and recycling device that removes and purifies the impurities contained in the syn gas supplied from the gasification device, wherein the gasification device and the recycling device are maintained at a preset pressure.

Description

biomass gasification system

The present invention relates to a biomass gasification system, and more particularly, to a biomass gasification system that removes tar while maintaining the pressure of a gasification device and a purification and recycling device at a predetermined pressure through a bypass unit.

The most important way for humans to obtain thermal energy and kinetic energy is a large amount of energy released through the combustion of fuel and oxygen. However, today's resource-scarce energy issue has already emerged as the most important strategic issue for countries around the world. The fuel type of energy is gaseous fuel, liquid fuel and solid fuel, and the corresponding fossil energy is natural gas, oil and coal. As we are well aware, fossil energy includes coal, and oil and natural gas are non-renewable energies.

However, biomass energy is a type of renewable energy that is typical of plant photosynthesis of solar energy on a fixed Earth.

The fuel gas generated from the gasifier contains tar, a polymeric hydrocarbon. Tar is in a gaseous state at a high temperature of 350 ° C. or higher, but when it is at a low temperature, it aggregates and adheres to various parts such as pipes, causing problems such as clogging.

Accordingly, the general biomass fluidized bed gasification system according to the prior art does not effectively remove tar, a by-product inevitably generated in the process of generating syngas, so research and development have been conducted in the direction of reducing the production of tar. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology that improves energy efficiency while removing tar more effectively.

(Patent Document 1) Patent Registration No. 10-1156884 (2012.06.08.)

(Patent Document 2) Patent Registration No. 10-0782381 (2007.11.29.)

An object of the present invention for solving the above problems is to maintain the pressure of the gasification device, the purification and recycling device at a preset pressure by adjusting the internal flow path of the activated carbon reactor through the bypass unit, and mixed with the syngas through the oil scrubber. It is to provide a biomass gasification system that additionally removes heavy metals and tar.

The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned technical problem, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. There will be.

Configuration of the present invention for achieving the above object is a supply device in which the biomass is accommodated; a gasifier for generating syn gas using the biomass supplied from the supply device and fluidized sand for activating combustion of the biomass; an air injection device supplying air to the gasification device to activate combustion of the biomass; And a purification and recycling device for removing and purifying impurities contained in the syngas supplied from the gasification device; biomass, characterized in that the gasification device and the purification and recycling device are maintained at a predetermined pressure A gasification system is provided.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the supply device, a storage cabinet in which the biomass is stored; a transfer unit located inside the storage cabinet; A transfer conveyor, one side of which is located inside the storage cabinet, on which the biomass transported by the transfer unit is seated; and a raw material hopper located outside the storage cabinet and into which the biomass transferred from the transfer conveyor is input, wherein the transfer unit grips the biomass and is positioned on top of the transfer conveyor, wherein the transfer conveyor is It may be characterized in that the biomass is transferred to a raw material hopper.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the gasifier may include a gasifier for generating the syngas, biochar as a by-product, and dust by burning the biomass supplied from the raw material hopper using the fluidized sand; a fluidized sand discharge conveyor located at a lower portion of the gasifier and through which the fluidized sand, the biochar, and the dust are introduced from the lower portion of the gasifier; and a vibrating screen for discharging the biochar and the dust transported by the fluidized sand discharge conveyor to the outside, wherein the fluidized sand discharge conveyor transfers the fluidized yarn, the biochar, and the dust to the vibrating screen. It can be characterized by doing.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the gasification device has one side located at the bottom of the vibrating screen and the other side located at a predetermined distance from the side of the gasifier, extending in the vertical direction and having a shape bent twice. circulation conveyor; a fluidized yarn storage hopper located at the bottom of the other side of the fluidized yarn circulation conveyor; and a fluidized yarn input conveyor positioned below the fluidized yarn storage hopper, wherein the fluidized yarn circulation conveyor transfers the fluidized yarn introduced from the vibrating screen to the fluidized yarn storage hopper and inputs the fluidized yarn. The conveyor may supply the fluidized sand introduced from the fluidized sand storage hopper to the side of the gasifier.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the refining and recycling device includes an activated carbon reactor for removing heavy metals and tar mixed in the syngas using activated carbon located therein; and a cyclone communicating with the activated carbon reactor to collect the syngas from which the heavy metal and tar are removed, wherein the activated carbon reactor has a first flow path communicating with the gasifier and the cyclone, and the first flow path an 'H'-shaped second flow path communicating with one side and the other side of the activated carbon reactor for removing the heavy metal and tar by reacting the activated carbon with the syngas containing the heavy metal and tar supplied from the gasifier; And activated carbon reaction holes may be formed in the activated carbon reactor communicating with the cyclone to pass the syngas from which the heavy metal and tar are removed through the cyclone.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the activated carbon reactor is inserted into the central portion of the first flow passage or separated from the central portion of the first flow passage and introduced from the gasifier, the flow of the synthesis gas mixed with the heavy metal and tar A bypass part for changing the bypass part, wherein the bypass part is formed wider than the cross section of the central part of the first flow passage and is inserted into or separated from the central part of the first flow passage; and a support bar extending upward from the upper end of the bypass.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the gasifier and the purification and recycling device are maintained at a predetermined pressure, the activated carbon reactor is introduced from the gasifier as the bypass is inserted into the central portion of the first flow path. The syngas mixed with heavy metals and tar is circulated through a second flow path and reacted with the activated carbon to remove the heavy metal and tar, and then the heavy metal and tar-removed syngas is discharged to the activated carbon reaction hole. .

In an embodiment of the present invention, the cyclone may be characterized in that it separates and collects fly ash and dust from the syngas.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the purification and recycling apparatus, a heat exchanger communicating with the cyclone to exchange heat with the synthesis gas from which the fly ash and dust are removed from the cyclone; and an oil scrubber to additionally remove heavy metals and tar from the syngas heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger includes: an air-cooled heat exchanger communicating with the cyclone and standing in parallel with the cyclone; and a water-cooled heat exchanger communicating with the air-cooled heat exchanger and the oil scrubber, located below the air-cooled heat exchanger, and standing in parallel with the air-cooled heat exchanger.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the purification and recycling device includes a gas purification unit for purifying the syngas supplied from the oil scrubber; and a recycling unit generating electricity by recycling the synthesis gas supplied from the gas purification unit as a heat source.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the recycling unit, a waste gas incineration facility for incinerating the waste gas supplied from the gas purification unit; An induced blower for supplying syngas to the waste gas incineration facility; a buffer tank for storing the syngas supplied from the gas purification unit; a gas engine blower supplying syngas to the buffer tank; And a gas engine for generating electricity by using the syngas supplied from the buffer tank as a heat source.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the air injection device may include a hot air furnace for supplying hot air to the gasifier; a hot air burner located inside the hot air furnace and generating the hot air by mixing and burning light oil with air; and a burner blower supplying air to the hot air burner.

The effect of the present invention according to the configuration as described above is to prevent safety accidents due to pressure by maintaining the pressure of the gasification device, the purification and recycling device at a preset pressure by adjusting the internal flow path of the activated carbon reactor through the bypass unit. It is possible to improve energy efficiency by removing heavy metals and tar mixed in syngas through an oil scrubber.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the above effects, and should be understood to include all effects that can be inferred from the detailed description of the present invention or the configuration of the invention described in the claims.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing a biomass gasification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a conceptual diagram showing a supply device provided in a biomass gasification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a conceptual diagram showing a gasifier provided in a biomass gasification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a conceptual diagram showing an air injection device provided in a biomass gasification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a conceptual diagram showing a purification and recycling device provided in a biomass gasification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 (a) and (b) are cross-sectional and side views illustrating the activated carbon reactor of FIG. 5 .

7 (a) and (b) are cross-sectional and side views showing the flow of syngas in FIG. 6 (a) and (b).

8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the heat exchanger of FIG. 5 .

9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the oil scrubber of FIG. 5 .

10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the recycling device of FIG. 1 .

One most preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the biomass is accommodated supply device; a gasifier for generating syn gas using the biomass supplied from the supply device and fluidized sand for activating combustion of the biomass; an air injection device supplying air to the gasification device to activate combustion of the biomass; And a purification and recycling device for removing and purifying impurities contained in the syngas supplied from the gasification device; characterized in that the gasification device and the purification and recycling device are maintained at a predetermined pressure.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and, therefore, is not limited to the embodiments described herein. And in order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and similar reference numerals are attached to similar parts throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when a part is said to be "connected (connected, contacted, combined)" with another part, this is not only "directly connected", but also "indirectly connected" with another member in between. "Including cases where In addition, when a part "includes" a certain component, it means that it may further include other components without excluding other components unless otherwise stated.

Terms used in this specification are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as "include" or "have" are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features It should be understood that the presence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof is not precluded.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, a biomass gasification system 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a supply device 100, a gasifier 200, an air injection device 300, and a purification and recycling device 400. And, the gasification device 200 and the purification and recycling device 400 are maintained at a preset pressure.

The supply device 100 receives biomass and supplies the biomass to the gasification device 200 .

The supply device 100 for this includes a storage closet 110, a transfer unit 120, a transfer conveyor 130, and a raw material hopper 140, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The storage cabinet 110 is a place where an internal space in which biomass can be stored is formed.

Inside the storage closet 110, at least a portion of the transfer unit 120 and the transfer conveyor 130 are located.

The transfer unit 120 is a device located inside the storage closet 110, and can exemplarily hold the biomass like a crane and move it to the top of the transfer conveyor 130.

The transfer unit 120 is placed on top of the transfer conveyor 130 after gripping the biomass.

One side of the transfer conveyor 130 is located inside the storage closet 110 so that the biomass transported by the transfer unit 120 is seated, and the other side is located above the raw material hopper 140 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , the transfer conveyor 130 transfers biomass to the raw material hopper 140 while operating as it extends diagonally upward from one side.

The raw material hopper 140 is located outside the storage closet 110 and into which biomass transferred from the transfer conveyor 130 is put.

In addition, a plurality of conveyors are installed below the raw material hopper 140 as shown in FIG. 2 .

When biomass flows from the bottom of the raw material hopper 140 to the plurality of conveyors, the plurality of conveyors supply the biomass to the gasifier 210 to be described later while operating.

The gasification device 200 generates syn gas by using biomass supplied from the supply device 100 and fluidized sand that activates combustion of the biomass.

The gasifier 200 for this purpose includes a gasifier 210, a fluidized sand discharge conveyor 220, a vibrating screen 230, a fluidized sand circulation conveyor 240, a fluidized sand storage hopper 250, and a fluidized sand input conveyor 260. ).

The gasifier 210 burns the biomass supplied from the raw material hopper 140 using fluidized sand to produce syngas, biochar as a by-product, and dust. Here, the fluidized sand forms a fluidized bed inside the gasifier 210 after being heated by heat. Accordingly, the fluidized yarn increases the contact area with the biomass introduced into the gasifier 210 so that a combustion reaction can occur actively.

Specifically, the gasifier 210 is formed long in the vertical direction and the inside is empty. In addition, the lower portion of the gasifier 210 becomes narrower as it goes downward.

In addition, biomass passing through the raw material hopper 140 and supplied by a plurality of conveyors is supplied to one side of the gasifier 210, and fluidized sand is supplied to the other side of the gasifier 210.

The above gasifier 210 supplies syngas generated after burning biomass to the activated carbon reactor 410.

On the other hand, fluidized sand, biochar, and dust, which are by-products generated in the process of burning biomass, are discharged from the lower part of the gasifier 210.

The fluidized sand discharge conveyor 220 is located below the gasifier 210, and fluidized sand, biochar, and dust are introduced from the lower part of the gasifier 210.

The fluidized sand discharge conveyor 220 operates to transfer the fluidized sand, biochar, and dust to the vibrating screen 230.

The vibrating screen 230 discharges biochar and dust transported by the fluidized sand discharge conveyor 220 to the outside.

Here, the discharged biochar and dust may be stored in an incombustible ton bag.

Meanwhile, the vibrating screen 230 transfers the fluidized yarn transferred from the fluidized yarn discharge conveyor 220 to the fluidized yarn circulation conveyor 240.

That is, the vibrating screen 230 transfers biochar and dust to the incombustible ton bag, and transfers the fluidized yarn to the fluidized yarn circulation conveyor 240.

The fluidized yarn circulation conveyor 240 has one side positioned below the vibrating screen 230 and the other side spaced apart from the side of the gasifier 210 by a predetermined distance, extending in the vertical direction and bent twice.

The fluidized yarn circulation conveyor 240 transfers the fluidized yarn introduced from the vibrating screen 230 to the fluidized yarn storage hopper 250.

The fluidized yarn storage hopper 250 is located at the bottom of the other side of the fluidized yarn circulation conveyor 240 to store the fluidized yarn transferred from the fluidized yarn circulation conveyor 240 and then supplies the fluidized yarn to the fluidized yarn input conveyor 260.

The fluidized sand input conveyor 260 is located below the fluidized sand storage hopper 250 and is disposed parallel to the ground.

The fluidized sand feeding conveyor 260 supplies the fluidized sand introduced from the fluidized sand storage hopper 250 to the side of the gasifier 210 .

The fluidized sand discharge conveyor 220, the vibrating screen 230, the fluidized sand circulation conveyor 240, the fluidized sand storage hopper 250, and the fluidized sand input conveyor 260 are used to generate biomass inside the gasifier 210. It circulates the fluidized sand that activates the combustion reaction and discharges biochar and dust, which are by-products, to the outside.

The air injection device 300 activates the combustion of biomass by supplying air to the gasification device 200.

The air injection device 300 for this includes a hot air furnace 310, a hot air burner 320, and a burner blower 330, as shown in FIG.

The hot stove 310 supplies hot air to the gasifier 210 . A hot air burner 320 is formed inside the hot air furnace 310 for this purpose.

The hot air burner 320 is located inside the hot air furnace 310 and generates hot air by mixing and burning light oil with air.

The burner blower 330 supplies hot air to the hot air burner 320 .

The purification and recycling device 400 removes and purifies impurities contained in the syngas supplied from the gasification device 200, and recycles the purified syngas to produce electricity.

The purification and recycling device 400 includes an activated carbon reactor 410, a cyclone 420, a heat exchanger 430, an oil scrubber 440, a gas purification unit 450, and a recycling unit 460.

6 (a) and (b) are cross-sectional and side views illustrating the activated carbon reactor of FIG. 5 . 7 (a) and (b) are cross-sectional and side views showing the flow of syngas in FIG. 6 (a) and (b).

Activated carbon reactor 410 removes heavy metals and tar mixed in syngas using activated carbon located inside.

The activated carbon reactor 410 for this includes an activated carbon reactor 411, an activated carbon reaction hole 412, a first flow path 413, a second flow path 414, and a bypass unit 415.

The activated carbon reactor 411 reacts the syngas containing heavy metals and tar mixed with activated carbon supplied from the gasifier 210 to remove heavy metals and tar.

In addition, an activated carbon reaction hole 412 is formed in the activated carbon reactor 411 communicating with the cyclone 420 to pass synthesis gas from which heavy metals and tar are removed through the cyclone 420 .

On the other hand, inside the activated carbon reactor 411, as shown in (a) of FIG. 6 and (a) of FIG. 7, a first flow path 413 communicating the gasifier 210 and the cyclone 420 is formed. An 'H' shaped second flow path 414 communicating with one side and the other side of the first flow path 413 is formed.

At this time, the first flow path 413 communicates with the activated carbon reaction hole 412 .

Referring to (a) and (b) of FIG. 6 , the first flow path 413 may have an 'L' shape bent once, and the second flow path 414 may have an 'H' shape. .

The first flow path 413 and the second flow path 414 communicate with each other.

In addition, a bypass part 415 may be inserted into the central portion of the first flow path 413 .

In addition, activated carbon is positioned at the bottom of the second flow path 414 inside the activated carbon reactor 411, as shown in (a) of FIG. 6 and (a) of FIG. 7.

If the gasification device 200 and the purification and recycling device 400 are maintained at a predetermined pressure, the activated carbon reactor 411 is a gasifier as the bypass 415a is inserted into the central portion of the first flow path 413. The synthetic gas mixed with heavy metals and tar introduced from 210 is circulated through the second flow path 414 and reacted with activated carbon to remove heavy metals and tar mixed in the syngas, and then the heavy metals and tar-free syngas are reacted with activated carbon Discharge to hole 412.

The bypass part 415 is inserted into the central part of the first flow path 413 or separated from the central part of the first flow path 413 and flows from the gasifier 210. It changes the flow of synthetic gas mixed with heavy metals and tar. .

The bypass unit 415 for this includes a bypass 415a and a support bar 415b.

The bypass 415a is wider than the cross section of the central portion of the first flow path 413 and is inserted into or separated from the central portion of the first flow path 413 .

The support bar 415b extends upward from the upper end of the bypass 415a.

If the gasification device 200 and the purification and recycling device 400 are maintained at a predetermined pressure, the bypass 415a is the first flow path 413 as shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. ), and thus the first flow path 413 is closed by the bypass 415a.

Accordingly, the syngas supplied from the gasifier 210 is circulated along the second flow path 414 and reacts with the activated carbon to remove heavy metals and tar.

On the other hand, when the pressure of the gasification device 200 and the purification and recycling device 400 is higher than the preset pressure, the bypass 415a is the first flow path as shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 413), and accordingly, the first flow path 413 is opened.

Accordingly, the syngas supplied from the gasifier 210 is circulated along the first flow path 413 and the second flow path 414 and reacts with activated carbon to remove heavy metals and tar.

In this case, both the first flow path 413 and the second flow path 414 are opened to rapidly circulate the syngas, so that the pressure of the gasifier 200 and the purification and recycling device 400 no longer increases. The gasification device 200 and the purification and recycling device 400 can be stably operated.

The cyclone 420 communicates with the activated carbon reactor 410 to collect syngas from which heavy metals and tar are removed.

Specifically, the cyclone 420 separates fly ash and dust from the syngas, collects the dust, discharges the activated carbon/dust ton bag, and supplies the fly ash and dust-separated syngas to the heat exchanger 430.

8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the heat exchanger of FIG. 5 .

The heat exchanger 430 communicates with the cyclone 420 to heat-exchange the synthesis gas from which fly ash and dust are removed from the cyclone 420 .

The heat exchanger 430 for this includes an air-cooled heat exchanger 431 and a water-cooled heat exchanger 432 .

The air-cooled heat exchanger 431 communicates with the cyclone 420 and stands parallel to the cyclone 420 .

The air-cooled heat exchanger 431 heat-exchanges the syngas supplied from the cyclone 420, cools it with air, and supplies it to the water-cooled heat exchanger 432.

The water-cooled heat exchanger 432 communicates with the air-cooled heat exchanger 431 and the oil scrubber 440, is located below the air-cooled heat exchanger 431, and stands parallel to the air-cooled heat exchanger 431.

The water-cooled heat exchanger 432 heat-exchanges the syngas supplied from the air-cooled heat exchanger 431, cools it with water, and then supplies it to the oil scrubber 440.

9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the oil scrubber of FIG. 5 .

The oil scrubber 440 additionally removes heavy metals and tar from the syngas heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger 430, and then supplies the syngas from which the heavy metals and tar are removed to the gas purifier 450.

The oil scrubber 150 for this includes an oil chamber and an oil spraying member.

An oil chamber contains oil.

In addition, as the oil chamber communicates with the water-cooled heat exchanger 432, syngas supplied from the water-cooled heat exchanger 432 is introduced.

At least a part of the oil injection member is located inside the oil chamber to inject oil toward the syngas.

Specifically, at least a portion of the oil injection member is located from the inner upper part to the inner central part of the oil chamber to inject the oil into the syngas, so that the tar mixed in the syngas is dissolved in the oil.

As shown in FIG. 9, three oil injection members for this purpose are formed, and are arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction.

In addition, the oil scrubber 150 includes at least a first pressure sensing member (the upper part of the oil chamber in FIG. 9) and at least a part of the first pressure sensing member (the upper part of the oil chamber in FIG. and a second pressure sensing member (lower part of the oil chamber in FIG. 9 ) located at the lower inside of the oil chamber and sensing the pressure at the lower inside of the oil chamber in real time.

The gas purification unit 450 purifies the syngas supplied from the oil scrubber 440 .

As shown in FIG. 5 , the gas purification unit 450 for this includes a STCCD 451 , a first CCDF 452 , a second CCDF 453 , and a third CCDF 454 .

10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the recycling device of FIG. 1 .

The recycling unit 460 generates electricity by recycling the syngas supplied from the gas purification unit 450 as a heat source.

As shown in FIG. 10, the recycling unit 460 includes a manned blower 461, a gas engine blower 462, a buffer tank 463, a gas engine 464, and a waste gas incineration facility 465.

The manned blower 461 supplies syngas to the waste gas incineration facility 465 .

The gas engine blower 462 supplies syngas to the buffer tank 463.

The gas engine blower 462 for this includes a first gas engine blower 462a and a second gas engine blower 462b.

The first gas engine blower 462a supplies syngas to the first buffer tank 463a.

The second gas engine blower 462b supplies syngas to the second buffer tank 463b.

The buffer tank 463 stores syngas supplied from the gas purification unit 450 .

The buffer tank 463 for this includes a first buffer tank 463a and a second buffer tank 463b.

The first buffer tank 463a and the second buffer tank 463b store syngas supplied from the third CCDF 454 .

The gas engine 464 generates electricity using syngas supplied from the buffer tank 463 as a heat source.

The gas engine 464 for this includes a first gas engine 464a and a second gas engine 464b.

The first gas engine 464a generates electricity by burning syngas supplied from the first buffer tank 463a.

The second gas engine 464b generates electricity by burning syngas supplied from the second buffer tank 463b.

The above-described first and

second gas engines

464a and 464b supply generated electricity to the supply device 100, the gasifier 200, the air injection device 300, and the gasifier 400 to be utilized as auxiliary power sources. In addition, it is possible to generate additional revenue by supplying electricity to places such as Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO).

The waste gas incineration facility 465 incinerates the waste gas supplied from the gas purification unit 450 . Accordingly, the fluid generated in the process of incinerating the waste gas in the waste gas incineration facility 465 is discharged through the chimney 10.

According to the present invention according to the foregoing, as the internal flow path of the activated carbon reactor is controlled through the bypass unit, the pressure of the gasification device, the purification and recycling device is maintained at a preset pressure, thereby preventing safety accidents due to pressure in advance, and the oil scrubber Through this, it is possible to improve energy efficiency by additionally removing heavy metals and tar mixed in syngas.

The above description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes, and those skilled in the art can understand that it can be easily modified into other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not limiting. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a distributed manner, and similarly, components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is indicated by the following claims, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalent concepts should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

100: supply device

110: storage

120: transfer unit

130: transfer conveyor

140: raw material hopper

200: gasifier

210: gasifier

220: fluidized sand discharge conveyor

230: vibrating screen

240: fluidized yarn circulation conveyor

250: fluid sand storage hopper

260: fluidized sand input conveyor

300: air injection device

310: hot air furnace

320: hot air burner

330: burner blower

400: purification and recycling device

410: activated carbon reactor

411: activated carbon reactor

412: activated carbon reaction hall

413 First Euro

414: second euro

415: bypass unit

415a: bypass

415b: support bar

420: cyclone

430: heat exchanger

431: air-cooled heat exchanger

432: water-cooled heat exchanger

440: oil scrubber

450: gas purification unit

451: STCCD

452: first CCDF

453: second CCDF

454: 3rd CCDF

460: recycling department

461: manned blower

462: gas engine blower

462a: first gas engine blower

462b: second gas engine blower

463: buffer tank

463a: first buffer tank

463b: second buffer tank

464: gas engine

464a: first gas engine

464b: second gas engine

465: waste gas incineration facility

500: biomass gasification system

Claims

A supply device in which biomass is accommodated;

a gasifier for generating syn gas using the biomass supplied from the supply device and fluidized sand for activating combustion of the biomass;

an air injection device supplying air to the gasification device to activate combustion of the biomass; and

A purification and recycling device for removing and purifying impurities contained in the syngas supplied from the gasifier; includes,

Biomass gasification system, characterized in that the gasification device and the purification and recycling device are maintained at a predetermined pressure.
According to claim 1,

The supply device,

a storage cabinet in which the biomass is stored;

a transfer unit located inside the storage cabinet;

A transfer conveyor, one side of which is located inside the storage cabinet, on which the biomass transported by the transfer unit is seated; and

A raw material hopper located outside the storage cabinet and into which the biomass transferred from the transfer conveyor is input;

The transfer unit is placed on top of the transfer conveyor after gripping the biomass,

The transfer conveyor is a biomass gasification system, characterized in that for transferring the biomass to the raw material hopper.
According to claim 2,

The gasifier,

a gasifier for generating the synthesis gas, biochar as a by-product, and dust by burning the biomass supplied from the raw material hopper using the fluidized sand;

a fluidized sand discharge conveyor located at a lower portion of the gasifier and through which the fluidized sand, the biochar, and the dust are introduced from the lower portion of the gasifier; and

A vibrating screen for discharging the biochar and the dust transported by the fluidized sand discharge conveyor to the outside,

The fluidized sand discharge conveyor transfers the fluidized sand, the biochar, and the dust to the vibrating screen.
According to claim 3,

The gasifier,

A fluidized yarn circulation conveyor having one side located below the vibrating screen and the other side located at a predetermined distance from the side surface of the gasifier and extending in the vertical direction and having a shape bent twice;

a fluidized yarn storage hopper located at the bottom of the other side of the fluidized yarn circulation conveyor; and

Further comprising a fluidized sand input conveyor located at the bottom of the fluidized sand storage hopper,

The fluidized yarn circulation conveyor transfers the fluidized yarn introduced from the vibrating screen to the fluidized yarn storage hopper,

The fluidized sand input conveyor supplies the fluidized sand introduced from the fluidized sand storage hopper to the side of the gasifier.
According to claim 3,

The purification and recycling device,

An activated carbon reactor for removing heavy metals and tar mixed in the syngas using activated carbon located therein; and

A cyclone that communicates with the activated carbon reactor to collect the syngas from which the heavy metal and tar are removed;

The activated carbon reactor,

A first flow path communicating with the gasifier and the cyclone is formed, an 'H'-shaped second flow path communicating with one side and the other side of the first flow path is formed, and the heavy metal and tar supplied from the gasifier are mixed. Synthesis Activated carbon reactor for removing the heavy metal and tar by reacting the gas with the activated carbon; and

A biomass gasification system, characterized in that an activated carbon reaction hole is formed in the activated carbon reactor communicating with the cyclone to pass the synthesis gas from which the heavy metal and tar are removed through the cyclone.
According to claim 5,

The activated carbon reactor further includes a bypass unit that is inserted into the central portion of the first flow path or separated from the central portion of the first flow path and changes the flow of the syngas containing heavy metals and tar from the gasifier. include,

The bypass part,

a bypass formed wider than the cross section of the central portion of the first flow path and inserted into or separated from the central portion of the first flow path; and

Biomass gasification system comprising a; support bar extending upward from the upper end of the bypass.
According to claim 5,

When the gasification device and the purification and recycling device are maintained at a predetermined pressure, the activated carbon reactor is a mixture of the heavy metal and tar flowing from the gasifier as the bypass is inserted into the center of the first flow path. The biomass gasification system, characterized in that the heavy metal and tar are removed by circulating the gas through the second passage and reacting with the activated carbon, and then discharging the syngas from which the heavy metal and tar are removed through the activated carbon reaction hole.
According to claim 5,

The cyclone is a biomass gasification system, characterized in that for separating and collecting fly ash and dust from the syngas.
According to claim 8,

The purification and recycling device,

a heat exchanger communicating with the cyclone to exchange heat with the synthesis gas from which the fly ash and dust are removed in the cyclone; and

An oil scrubber for additionally removing heavy metals and tar from the syngas heat exchanged in the heat exchanger;

The heat exchanger,

an air-cooled heat exchanger communicating with the cyclone and standing in parallel with the cyclone; and

A biomass gasification system comprising a; water-cooled heat exchanger communicating with the air-cooled heat exchanger and the oil scrubber, located below the air-cooled heat exchanger, and standing in parallel with the air-cooled heat exchanger.
According to claim 9,

The purification and recycling device includes a gas purification unit for purifying the syngas supplied from the oil scrubber; and

Biomass gasification system further comprising a recycling unit for generating electricity by recycling the syngas supplied from the gas purification unit as a heat source.
According to claim 10,

The recycling department,

Waste gas incineration facility for incinerating the waste gas supplied from the gas purification unit;

An induced blower for supplying syngas to the waste gas incineration facility;

a buffer tank for storing the syngas supplied from the gas purification unit;

a gas engine blower supplying syngas to the buffer tank; and

Biomass gasification system comprising a; gas engine for generating electricity by using the synthesis gas supplied from the buffer tank as a heat source.
According to claim 3,

The air injection device,

a hot air furnace for supplying hot air to the gasifier;

a hot air burner located inside the hot air furnace and generating the hot air by mixing and burning light oil with air; and

Biomass gasification system comprising a; burner blower for supplying air to the hot air burner.