WO2023103912A1 - 分集传输方法、终端及网络侧设备 - Google Patents

分集传输方法、终端及网络侧设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023103912A1
WO2023103912A1 PCT/CN2022/136286 CN2022136286W WO2023103912A1 WO 2023103912 A1 WO2023103912 A1 WO 2023103912A1 CN 2022136286 W CN2022136286 W CN 2022136286W WO 2023103912 A1 WO2023103912 A1 WO 2023103912A1
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Prior art keywords
terminal
indication information
codeword
diversity transmission
target
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PCT/CN2022/136286
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄伟
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维沃移动通信有限公司
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Publication of WO2023103912A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023103912A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0076—Distributed coding, e.g. network coding, involving channel coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
    • H04L1/0003—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate by switching between different modulation schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0009—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the channel coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
    • H04L1/0637—Properties of the code

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of communication, and in particular relates to a diversity transmission method, terminal and network side equipment.
  • backscatter communication means that backscatter communication devices use radio frequency signals from other devices or the environment to perform signal modulation to transmit their own information.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a diversity transmission method, a terminal and a network side device, which can solve the problems of high system implementation complexity and high detection error probability.
  • a diversity transmission method which is applied to a terminal, and the method includes:
  • the terminal determines the target codeword
  • the terminal performs diversity transmission based on the target codeword
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element, a second basic element, a first generating element, and a second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, so The second generating element is a conjugate operation result of the second basic element; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • a diversity transmission method which is applied to a network side device, and the method includes:
  • the network side device determines the target encoding codeword
  • the network side device sends first indication information to the terminal; wherein, the first indication information is used to indicate the target codeword;
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • a diversity transmission device which is applied to a terminal, and the device includes:
  • the first determining module is used to determine the target encoding codeword
  • a transmission module configured to perform diversity transmission based on the target codeword
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • a diversity transmission device which is applied to a network side device, and the device includes:
  • the second determination module is used to determine the target codeword
  • the first sending module is configured to send first indication information to the terminal; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate the target codeword;
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • a terminal in a fifth aspect, includes a processor and a memory, the memory stores programs or instructions that can run on the processor, and when the programs or instructions are executed by the processor, the following The steps of the method in one aspect.
  • a terminal including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to determine a target codeword; the communication interface is used to perform diversity transmission based on the target codeword;
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • a network-side device in a seventh aspect, includes a processor and a memory, the memory stores programs or instructions that can run on the processor, and the programs or instructions are executed by the processor When realizing the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.
  • a network side device including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to determine a target codeword; the communication interface is used to send first indication information to a terminal; wherein the The first indication information is used to indicate the target codeword;
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element, a second basic element, a first generating element, and a second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, so The second generating element is a conjugate operation result of the second basic element; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • a ninth aspect provides a diversity transmission system, including: a terminal and a network-side device, the terminal can be used to perform the steps of the diversity transmission method described in the first aspect, and the network-side device can be used to perform the steps of the second The steps of the diversity transmission method described in the aspect.
  • a readable storage medium is provided, and a program or an instruction is stored on the readable storage medium, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method as described in the first aspect are implemented, or the The steps of the method described in the second aspect.
  • a chip in an eleventh aspect, includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or an instruction to implement the method described in the first aspect. method, or implement the method as described in the second aspect.
  • a computer program/program product is provided, the computer program/program product is stored in a storage medium, and the computer program/program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the The steps of the method, or realize the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.
  • the terminal determines and uses a target coding codeword that satisfies the target coding structure for multi-antenna transmit diversity transmission.
  • the target coding codeword is a coding matrix with a dimension of N ⁇ N;
  • the target coding structure includes: the first basis element, a second basic element, a first generating element, and a second generating element;
  • the first generating element is the inverse of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second
  • the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element, and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices; compared with related technologies, this embodiment of the application is based on the target coding
  • the target coding codeword of the structural design can not only ensure the diversity gain, but also reduce the types of reflection coefficients required on each antenna, that is, it can reduce the types of load impedances required on each antenna, thereby reducing system implementation. Complexity,
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is one of the schematic flow charts of the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is the second schematic flow diagram of the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is one of the signaling interaction schematic diagrams of the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is the second schematic diagram of signaling interaction of the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is the third schematic diagram of signaling interaction of the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a fourth schematic diagram of signaling interaction of the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a diversity transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is the second structural schematic diagram of the diversity transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a network-side device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second and the like in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein and that "first" and “second” distinguish objects. It is usually one category, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, there may be one or more first objects.
  • “and/or” in the description and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character “/” generally means that the related objects are an "or” relationship.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-Advanced LTE-Advanced
  • LTE-A Long Term Evolution-Advanced
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • SC-FDMA Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • system and “network” in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the described technology can be used for the above-mentioned system and radio technology, and can also be used for other systems and radio technologies.
  • NR New Radio
  • the following description describes the New Radio (NR) system for example purposes, and uses NR terms in most of the following descriptions, but these techniques can also be applied to communication systems other than NR system applications, such as the 6th generation (6th generation Generation, 6G) communication system.
  • 6G 6th generation Generation
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless communication system shown in FIG. 1 includes a terminal 11 and a network side device 12 .
  • the terminal 11 can be a backscatter communication equipment (Backscatter Communication UE, BSC UE), a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer) or a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant) Assistant, PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (ultra-mobile personal computer, UMPC), mobile internet device (Mobile Internet Device, MID), augmented reality (augmented reality, AR)/virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) equipment, robots, wearable devices (Wearable Device), vehicle-mounted equipment (VUE), pedestrian terminal (PUE), smart home (home devices with wireless communication functions, such as refrigerators, TVs, washing machines or furniture, etc.), games machine, personal computer (personal computer, PC), teller machine or self-service machine
  • the network side device 12 may include an access network device or a core network device, wherein the access network device 12 may also be called a radio access network device, a radio access network (Radio Access Network, RAN), a radio access network function or Wireless access network unit.
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • the access network device 12 may include a base station, a wireless local area network (Wireless Local Area Network, WLAN) access point, a wireless fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, WiFi) node, etc., and the base station may be called a node B, an evolved node B (eNB), Access point, base transceiver station (Base Transceiver Station, BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, basic service set (Basic Service Set, BSS), extended service set (Extended Service Set, ESS), home B node, home Evolved Node B, Transmitting Receiving Point (TRP) or some other appropriate term in the field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved, the base station is not limited to specific technical terms.
  • eNB evolved node B
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • BSS basic service set
  • Extended Service Set Extended Service Set
  • ESS Extended Service Set
  • home B node home Evolved Node B
  • TRP Trans
  • Core network equipment may include but not limited to at least one of the following: core network nodes, core network functions, mobility management entities (Mobility Management Entity, MME), access mobility management functions (Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF), session management functions (Session Management Function, SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Policy Control Function (Policy Control Function, PCF), Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), edge application service Discovery function (Edge Application Server Discovery Function, EASDF), unified data management (Unified Data Management, UDM), unified data storage (Unified Data Repository, UDR), home subscriber server (Home Subscriber Server, HSS), centralized network configuration ( Centralized network configuration, CNC), network storage function (Network Repository Function, NRF), network exposure function (Network Exposure Function, NEF), local NEF (Local NEF, or L-NEF), binding
  • MME mobility management entities
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • Policy Control Function Policy Control Function
  • the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the scenario of multi-antenna transmit diversity transmission, and solves the problems of high system implementation complexity and high detection error probability in related technologies.
  • the target encoding codeword in the embodiment of the present application is at least one of multiple encoding codewords satisfying the above target encoding structure.
  • the target coding codeword designed based on the target coding structure can not only guarantee the diversity gain
  • the types of reflection coefficients required on each antenna can be reduced, that is, the types of load impedances required on each antenna can be reduced, thereby reducing system implementation complexity and effectively reducing detection error probability.
  • Fig. 2 is one of the flow diagrams of the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 2, the method includes steps 201-202; wherein:
  • Step 201 the terminal determines a target encoding codeword.
  • Step 202 the terminal performs diversity transmission based on the target codeword
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • Terminals include backscatter communication equipment (BSC UE).
  • BSC UE backscatter communication equipment
  • the BSC UE may include but not limited to: Tag in the radio frequency identification (RFID) system, passive IoT, semi-passive IoT and other devices.
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • the target encoding codeword may also be called a codeword matrix, block encoding matrix, space-time block encoding matrix, block encoding codeword or space-time block encoding codeword.
  • the terminal determines and uses a target coding codeword that satisfies the target coding structure to perform multi-antenna transmit diversity transmission, and the target coding codeword is a coding matrix with a dimension of N ⁇ N;
  • the target coding structure includes : the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generated element and the second generated element; the first generated element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generated element is The result of the conjugate operation of the second basic element;
  • the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element, and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices; compared with related technologies, the embodiment of the present application
  • the target coding code word designed based on the target coding structure can not only ensure the diversity gain, but also reduce the types of reflection coefficients required on each antenna, that is, the types of load impedances required on each antenna can be reduced, thereby Realize reducing system implementation complexity and effectively reducing detection error probability
  • the characteristic of the target coding codeword provided by the embodiment of the present application is that, for a target coding codeword with a dimension of N ⁇ N, the target coding codeword satisfies the target coding structure, and the target coding structure can be expressed as S;
  • the elements in S include S 12 , S 34 , and
  • S 12 is the first basic element, S 34 is the second basic element, For the second generating element, is the first generating element;
  • the S 12 , S 34 and Meet at least one of the following:
  • the S 12 , S 34 , and are plural, is the conjugate complex number of S 34 , is the opposite number of the conjugate complex number of S 12 ;
  • the structure of the target coding structure determines the target coding codeword designed based on the target coding structure, which can not only ensure the diversity gain, but also reduce the types of reflection coefficients required on each antenna, that is, reduce the number of reflection coefficients required by each antenna.
  • the type of load impedance required by the above so as to reduce the complexity of system implementation, and can effectively reduce the detection error probability.
  • the target encoding codeword that satisfies the target encoding structure can obtain full marks when it is applied in a 2-antenna transmit diversity transmission scenario
  • the target coding codeword belongs to the OSTBC codebook; while the target coding codeword satisfying the target coding structure is applied to transmit diversity transmission scenarios with more than 2 transmit antennas, it can obtain slightly worse than full diversity Gain diversity gain, full rate transmission, at this time, the target codeword belongs to the QSTBC codebook.
  • the target encoding codeword is S 2 ;
  • the elements in the S2 are complex numbers; is the complex conjugate of s 2 , is the opposite of the conjugate complex number of s 1 .
  • the symbol sent on antenna 1 is denoted as s 1
  • the symbol sent on antenna 2 is denoted as However
  • the symbol sent on antenna 1 is s 2
  • the symbol sent on antenna 2 is Based on the above analysis and the definition of OSTBC codewords, it can be known that S 2 belongs to OSTBC codewords, therefore, transmit diversity transmission based on S 2 can obtain full diversity gain and full rate transmission.
  • the following analyzes the difference between the target codeword S 2 provided by the embodiment of the present application and the standard Alamouti code and the extended Alamouti codeword in the related art in backscatter communication:
  • the mapping rule between symbols 0 and 1 and reflection coefficient is: That is, the symbols 0 and 1 are represented by controlling the load impedance of two phase inversions.
  • Table 1 shows the coding table for the diversity coding codeword S 2 provided by the embodiment of the present application to transmit different symbols simultaneously on two antennas.
  • Table 1 The two-antenna transmit diversity coding table of the diversity coding codeword provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Table 2 and Table 3 show the coding tables of the standard Alamouti codeword and the extended Alamouti codeword in the related art that transmit different symbols simultaneously on two antennas.
  • the standard Alamouti codeword is The extended Alamouti codeword is
  • Table 3 The two-antenna transmit diversity coding table of the extended Alamouti codeword in the related art
  • antenna 1 only needs two kinds of coefficients
  • antenna 2 also only needs two kinds of coefficients
  • antenna 1 and antenna 2 need four kinds of coefficients
  • the target coding codeword designed based on the target coding structure in this embodiment of the present application can not only ensure diversity gain, but also reduce the types of reflection coefficients required on each antenna, that is, reduce the number of reflection coefficients required for each antenna.
  • the type of load impedance required on the root antenna can be adjusted to reduce the complexity of system implementation and effectively reduce the detection error probability.
  • the dimension of the target codeword is 4 ⁇ 4, that is, N is equal to 4,
  • the target encoding codeword is S 4 ;
  • the elements in the S4 are complex numbers; is the complex conjugate of s 2 , is the complex conjugate of s 3 , is the complex conjugate of s 4 , is the inverse of the conjugate complex number of s 1 , is the inverse of the conjugate complex number of s 2 , It is the opposite number of conjugate complex number of s 3 , -s 2 is the opposite number of s 2 , -s 3 is the opposite number of s 3 .
  • the symbol sent on antenna 1 is denoted as s 1
  • the symbol sent on antenna 2 is denoted as The symbols transmitted on antenna 3
  • the symbol transmitted on antenna 4 is denoted as s 4 ;
  • the symbol sent on antenna 1 is s 2
  • the symbol sent on antenna 2 is The symbols transmitted on antenna 3 are
  • the symbol transmitted on antenna 4 is -s 3 ;
  • the symbol sent on antenna 1 is s 3
  • the symbol sent on antenna 2 is The symbols transmitted on antenna 3 are
  • the symbol transmitted on antenna 4 is -s 2 ;
  • the symbol sent on antenna 1 is s 4
  • the symbol sent on antenna 2 is The symbols transmitted on antenna 3 are
  • the symbol transmitted on antenna 4 is s 1 .
  • the following analyzes the target encoding codeword S 4 provided by the embodiment of the present application, and the ABBA class QSTBC in the related art (for example, the codebook is ) difference in backscatter communication:
  • the mapping rule between symbols 0 and 1 and reflection coefficient is: That is, the symbols 0 and 1 are represented by controlling the load impedance of two phase inversions.
  • Table 4 shows the coding table for the diversity coding codeword s4 provided by the embodiment of the present application to transmit different symbols simultaneously on 4 antennas.
  • Table 5 shows the coding table of ABBA-type QSTBC in the related art that transmits different symbols simultaneously on 4 antennas.
  • Table 4 The 4-antenna transmit diversity coding table of the diversity coding codeword provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • antenna 1 only needs two kinds of coefficients
  • antenna 2 only needs two kinds of coefficients
  • antenna 3 only needs 2 kinds of coefficients
  • antenna 4 only needs 2 types of coefficients
  • antenna 1, antenna 2, antenna 3 and antenna 4 all need four kinds of coefficients
  • the target coding codeword designed based on the target coding structure in this embodiment of the present application can not only ensure the diversity gain, but also reduce the types of reflection coefficients required on each antenna, that is, reduce the number of reflection coefficients required for each antenna.
  • the type of load impedance required on the root antenna can reduce the complexity of system implementation and effectively reduce the detection error probability.
  • the dimension of the target coding codeword is N ⁇ N.
  • the design principles are similar to those of S, S 2 and S 4 , and will not be repeated here.
  • the implementation of determining the target codeword by the terminal in step 201 may include any of the following methods:
  • the network side device determines the target codeword, and sends the target codeword indication information to the terminal;
  • Determination mode 2 The terminal independently determines the target encoding codeword.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an implementation method of triggering terminal diversity transmission, which may specifically include any of the following methods:
  • Trigger mode 1 The terminal triggers terminal diversity transmission
  • Trigger mode 2 The network side device triggers the terminal diversity transmission.
  • the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of this application may at least include the following scenarios:
  • the network triggers terminal diversity transmission, and the network determines and indicates the codebook information
  • the terminal triggers terminal diversity transmission; the network determines and indicates the codebook information;
  • the network triggers terminal diversity transmission; the terminal determines and indicates the codebook information;
  • the terminal triggers the terminal diversity transmission; the terminal determines and indicates the codebook information.
  • Determination Mode 1 Determination Mode 2
  • Trigger Mode 1 Trigger Mode 2
  • the network side device determines the target encoding codeword, and sends first indication information to the terminal; where the first indication information is used to indicate the target encoding codeword.
  • the terminal receives the first indication information sent by the network side device; the terminal determines the target encoding codeword based on the first indication information. For example, the terminal parses the first indication information to obtain codeword structure parameters, and uses the codeword structure parameters to generate a target codeword.
  • the first indication information includes at least one of the following:
  • a transmit diversity order and a codeword matrix indicator for example, a codeword identification indicator, including: a codeword index (index) or a codeword number.
  • Codebook dimension indication information is used to indicate the codebook dimension of the target codeword, where the codebook dimension is, for example, a transmit diversity order.
  • the bearing manner of the first indication information includes one of the following:
  • the first indication message is carried by downlink control information (Downlink Control Information, DCI).
  • DCI Downlink Control Information
  • DCI Downlink Control Information
  • the first indication information is carried by a preamble sequence
  • the first indication information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein the signal sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE, or a signal sequence carrying the BSC UE ID;
  • the first indication information is carried by a Medium Access Control (Medium Access Control, MAC) control element (Control Element, CE).
  • MAC Medium Access Control
  • CE Control Element
  • For trigger mode 1 when the first target condition is met, the terminal actively sends first trigger information to the network side device; wherein the first trigger information is used to instruct the network side device that the terminal triggers diversity transmission.
  • the carrying manner of the first trigger information includes one of the following:
  • the first trigger information is carried by a preamble sequence
  • the first trigger information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein the signal sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE, or a signal sequence carrying the BSC UE ID;
  • the first trigger information is carried by MAC CE.
  • the first target condition includes at least one of the following:
  • NACK negative acknowledgment
  • the energy of the downlink received signal is lower than the third threshold.
  • the terminal independently determines the target encoding codeword.
  • the terminal determines the target encoding codeword based on the capability information and/or channel state information of the terminal. Then, the terminal sends second indication information to the network side device; where the second indication information is used to indicate the target encoding codeword.
  • the second indication information includes at least one of the following:
  • Codebook dimension indication information and a codeword matrix indicator are included in Codebook dimension indication information and a codeword matrix indicator.
  • the bearing manner of the second indication information includes one of the following:
  • the second indication information is carried by MAC CE
  • the second indication information is carried by a preamble
  • the second indication information is carried by a sequence.
  • the terminal determines the target encoding codeword only when the first target condition is satisfied.
  • the first target condition includes at least one of the following:
  • NACK negative acknowledgment
  • the energy of the downlink received signal is lower than the third threshold.
  • the second indication information includes at least one of the following:
  • the bearing manner of the second indication information includes one of the following:
  • the second indication information is carried by MAC CE
  • the second indication information is carried by a preamble
  • the second indication information is carried by a sequence. It can be understood that the sequence here may be a sounding reference signal (Sounding Reference Signal, SRS) signal.
  • SRS Sounding Reference Signal
  • the terminal receives second trigger information sent by the network side device; wherein the second trigger information is used to trigger diversity transmission of the terminal.
  • the bearing manner of the second trigger information includes one of the following:
  • the second trigger message is carried by DCI
  • the second trigger information is carried by a preamble sequence
  • the second trigger information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein the signal sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE, or a signal sequence carrying the BSC UE ID;
  • the second trigger information is carried by MAC CE.
  • the network side device sends third indication information to the terminal; wherein the third indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send measurement reference signals on M transmit antennas.
  • the terminal receives third indication information sent by the network side device; wherein the third indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send measurement reference signals on M transmit antennas;
  • the terminal sends measurement reference signals on the M transmit antennas based on the third indication information.
  • the terminal sends measurement reference signals on the M transmit antennas based on the third indication information, including:
  • the terminal sends measurement reference signals on the M transmit antennas at different times based on the third indication information; or,
  • the terminal transmits measurement reference signals on the M transmit antennas at the same time based on the third indication information, and the measurement reference signals transmitted on different transmit antennas are all randomized based on the index information of the corresponding antennas. Number scrambled.
  • the third indication information includes at least one of the following:
  • the carrying manner of the third indication information includes one of the following:
  • the third indication information is carried by DCI
  • the third indication information is carried by the preamble sequence
  • the third indication information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein, the signal sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by BSC UEID or random number scrambled related to BSC UE ID, or a signal sequence carrying BSC UE ID;
  • the third indication information is carried by the MAC CE.
  • Fig. 3 is the second schematic flow diagram of the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 3, the method includes steps 301-302; wherein:
  • Step 301 the network side device determines the target encoding codeword
  • Step 302 the network side device sends first indication information to the terminal; wherein, the first indication information is used to indicate the target codeword;
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • Terminals include BSC UEs.
  • BSC UE may include but not limited to: Tag in RFID system, passive IoT, semi-passive IoT and other devices.
  • the network side device determines the target coding codeword that satisfies the target coding structure, and sends the target coding codeword to the terminal, instructing the terminal to use the target coding codeword to perform multi-antenna transmit diversity transmission.
  • the target encoding codeword is an encoding matrix with a dimension of N ⁇ N;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element, a second basic element, a first generating element, and a second generating element;
  • the first generating element is the first
  • the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the basic element, the second generating element is the conjugate operation result of the second basic element;
  • the elements are complex numbers or block matrices; compared with related technologies, the target coding codeword designed based on the target coding structure in the embodiment of the present application can not only ensure the diversity gain, but also reduce the reflection coefficient required on each antenna.
  • the type that is, the type of load impedance required on each antenna can be reduced, thereby reducing the complexity of system implementation and effectively reducing the detection error probability.
  • the first indication information includes at least one of the following:
  • Codebook dimension indication information and a codeword matrix indicator are included in Codebook dimension indication information and a codeword matrix indicator.
  • the bearing manner of the first indication information includes one of the following:
  • the first indication message is carried by DCI
  • the first indication information is carried by a preamble sequence
  • the first indication information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein the signal sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE ID, or a signal sequence carrying the BSC UEID;
  • the first indication information is carried by a medium access control MAC control unit CE.
  • the second target condition includes at least one of the following:
  • the energy of the reverse transmission signal of the terminal is lower than a first threshold
  • the location of the terminal is located at the cell edge
  • the number of times the terminal sends NACK exceeds a second threshold
  • the network-side device receives first trigger information sent by the terminal; wherein the first trigger information is used to indicate to the network-side device that the terminal triggers diversity transmission.
  • the network-side device determining the target encoding codeword when the second target condition is satisfied may include: the network-side device, based on the capability information of the terminal and the /or channel state information, to determine the target coding codeword.
  • the network side device sends third indication information to the terminal when the second target condition is satisfied; wherein the third indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send measurement on M transmit antennas reference signal.
  • the third indication information includes at least one of the following:
  • the network triggers terminal diversity transmission, and the network determines and indicates the codebook.
  • FIG 4 is one of the schematic diagrams of signaling interaction of the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 4, the method is implemented by the terminal and the network side device in cooperation, and the method includes steps 401-410; wherein:
  • Step 401 the terminal reports terminal capability information to the network side device.
  • the terminal includes a BSC UE; the terminal capability information includes at least one of the following: modulation schemes supported by the BSC UE, and antenna capabilities of the BSC UE.
  • Step 402 the network side device determines the modulation mode, channel codec mode and data transmission scheduling mode according to the terminal capability information.
  • Step 403 the network side device decides to trigger the terminal to perform transmit diversity transmission when the second target condition is satisfied.
  • the second target condition includes at least one of the following: the energy of the reverse transmission signal of the terminal is lower than the first threshold; the location of the terminal is located at the edge of the cell; the number of times the terminal sends a negative acknowledgment NACK exceeds the second threshold .
  • Step 404 the network side device sends second trigger information to the terminal; wherein the second trigger information is used to trigger diversity transmission of the terminal.
  • Step 405 the network side device sends third indication information to the terminal; wherein the third indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send measurement reference signals on M transmit antennas.
  • the third indication information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the time or duty cycle of the measurement reference signal sent by the terminal on each of the M transmit antennas; Information indicating the sequence of the measurement reference signal sent by the terminal on each of the M transmit antennas; used to indicate the sequence of the measurement reference signal sent by the terminal on each of the M transmit antennas Information about frequency, bandwidth or frequency shift.
  • the manner of carrying the third indication information includes one of the following: the third indication information is carried by DCI; the third indication information is carried by a preamble sequence; the third indication information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein, the signal The sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE ID, or a signal sequence carrying the BSC UE ID; the third indication information is carried by the MAC CE.
  • Step 406 After the terminal receives the third indication information sent by the network side device, the terminal sends measurement reference signals on the M transmit antennas based on the third indication information.
  • the implementation of the terminal sending the measurement reference signal on the M transmit antennas based on the third indication information may include: the terminal transmits the measurement reference signal on the M transmit antennas at different times based on the third indication information. Send a measurement reference signal; based on the third indication information, the terminal sends a measurement reference signal on the M transmit antennas at the same time, and the measurement reference signals sent on different transmit antennas pass through the index information of the corresponding antenna The relevant random numbers are scrambled.
  • Step 407 the network side device determines the target encoding codeword based on the capability information and/or channel state information of the terminal;
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • Step 408 The network side device sends first indication information to the terminal; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate the target codeword.
  • the second trigger information and the first indication information may be carried in a unified manner, that is, carried in one signaling at the same time, or may be carried independently, that is, carried in different signalings.
  • the second trigger information and the third indication information may be carried collectively, that is, carried in one signaling at the same time; or may be carried independently, that is, carried by different signalings.
  • the first indication information includes at least one of the following: a transmit diversity order and a codeword matrix indicator; codebook dimension indication information and a codeword matrix indicator.
  • step 404 does not limit the order of execution among step 404, step 405, and step 408, and any one of step 404, step 405, and step 408 may be executed first, or each step may be executed simultaneously.
  • Step 409 the terminal determines the target encoding codeword based on the first indication information.
  • Step 410 the terminal performs diversity transmission based on the target codeword.
  • the carrying manner of the first indication information includes one of the following: the first indication message is carried by DCI; the first indication information is carried by a preamble sequence; the first indication information is carried by a signal sequence ; Wherein, the signal sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE, or a signal sequence carrying the BSC UE ID; 4) The first indication information is carried by the MAC CE. It can be understood that the DCI may be a newly designed DCI format, or an existing DCI may be reused.
  • the network side device determines the target coding codeword that satisfies the target coding structure, and sends the target coding codeword to the terminal, instructing the terminal to use the target coding codeword to perform multi-antenna transmit diversity transmission.
  • the target encoding codeword is an encoding matrix with a dimension of N ⁇ N;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element, a second basic element, a first generating element, and a second generating element;
  • the first generating element is the first
  • the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the basic element, the second generating element is the conjugate operation result of the second basic element;
  • the elements are complex numbers or block matrices; compared with related technologies, the target coding codeword designed based on the target coding structure in the embodiment of the present application can not only ensure the diversity gain, but also reduce the reflection coefficient required on each antenna.
  • the type that is, the type of load impedance required on each antenna can be reduced, thereby reducing the complexity of system implementation and effectively reducing the detection error probability.
  • the terminal triggers terminal diversity transmission; the network determines and indicates the codebook.
  • Fig. 5 is the second schematic diagram of signaling interaction of the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 5, the method is implemented by the terminal and the network side device in cooperation, and the method includes steps 501-510; wherein:
  • Step 501 the terminal reports terminal capability information to the network side device.
  • the terminal includes a BSC UE; the terminal capability information includes at least one of the following: modulation schemes supported by the BSC UE, and antenna capabilities of the BSC UE.
  • Step 502 the network side device determines the modulation mode, channel codec mode and data transmission scheduling mode according to the terminal capability information.
  • Step 503 the terminal decides to trigger transmit diversity transmission when the first target condition is met.
  • Step 504 the terminal sends first trigger information to the network side device; wherein the first trigger information is used to instruct the network side device that the terminal triggers diversity transmission.
  • Step 505 the network side device sends third indication information to the terminal, wherein the third indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send measurement reference signals on M transmit antennas.
  • the third indication information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the time or duty cycle of the measurement reference signal sent by the terminal on each of the M transmit antennas; Information indicating the sequence of the measurement reference signal sent by the terminal on each of the M transmit antennas; used to indicate the sequence of the measurement reference signal sent by the terminal on each of the M transmit antennas Information about frequency, bandwidth or frequency shift.
  • the manner of carrying the third indication information includes one of the following: the third indication information is carried by DCI; the third indication information is carried by a preamble sequence; the third indication information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein, the signal The sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE ID, or a signal sequence carrying the BSC UE ID; the third indication information is carried by the MAC CE.
  • Step 506 After the terminal receives the third indication information sent by the network side device, the terminal sends measurement reference signals on the M transmit antennas based on the third indication information.
  • the implementation of the terminal sending the measurement reference signal on the M transmit antennas based on the third indication information may include: the terminal transmits the measurement reference signal on the M transmit antennas at different times based on the third indication information. Send a measurement reference signal; based on the third indication information, the terminal sends a measurement reference signal on the M transmit antennas at the same time, and the measurement reference signals sent on different transmit antennas pass through the index information of the corresponding antenna The relevant random numbers are scrambled.
  • Step 507 the network side device determines the target encoding codeword based on the capability information and/or channel state information of the terminal;
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • Step 508 the network side device sends first indication information to the terminal; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate the target encoding codeword.
  • the first indication information includes at least one of the following: transmit diversity order and codeword matrix indicator; codebook dimension indication information and codeword matrix indicator.
  • step 505 and step 508 may be executed first, or each step may be executed simultaneously.
  • Step 509 the terminal determines the target encoding codeword based on the first indication information.
  • Step 510 the terminal performs diversity transmission based on the target codeword.
  • the carrying manner of the first indication information includes one of the following: the first indication message is carried by DCI; the first indication information is carried by a preamble sequence; the first indication information is carried by a signal sequence ;
  • the signal sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE, or a signal sequence carrying the BSC UE ID; the first indication information is carried by the MAC CE.
  • the DCI can be a newly designed DCI format, or an existing DCI can be reused.
  • the network side device determines the target coding codeword that satisfies the target coding structure, and sends the target coding codeword to the terminal, instructing the terminal to use the target coding codeword to perform multi-antenna transmit diversity transmission.
  • the target encoding codeword is an encoding matrix with a dimension of N ⁇ N;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element, a second basic element, a first generating element, and a second generating element;
  • the first generating element is the first
  • the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the basic element, the second generating element is the conjugate operation result of the second basic element;
  • the elements are complex numbers or block matrices; compared with related technologies, the target coding codeword designed based on the target coding structure in the embodiment of the present application can not only ensure the diversity gain, but also reduce the reflection coefficient required on each antenna.
  • the type that is, the type of load impedance required on each antenna can be reduced, thereby reducing the complexity of system implementation and effectively reducing the detection error probability.
  • Scenario 3 The network triggers the diversity transmission of the terminal; the terminal determines and indicates the codebook.
  • Fig. 6 is the third schematic diagram of signaling interaction of the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 6, the method includes steps 601-609; wherein:
  • Step 601 the terminal reports terminal capability information to the network side device.
  • the terminal includes a BSC UE; the terminal capability information includes at least one of the following: modulation schemes supported by the BSC UE, and antenna capabilities of the BSC UE.
  • Step 602 the network side device determines the modulation mode, channel codec mode and data transmission scheduling mode according to the terminal capability information.
  • Step 603 the network side device decides to trigger the terminal to perform transmit diversity transmission when the second target condition is met.
  • the second target condition includes at least one of the following: the energy of the reverse transmission signal of the terminal is lower than the first threshold; the location of the terminal is located at the cell edge; the number of times the terminal sends a negative acknowledgment NACK exceeds the second threshold.
  • Step 604 the network side device sends second trigger information to the terminal; wherein the second trigger information is used to trigger diversity transmission of the terminal.
  • Step 605 the network side device sends third indication information to the terminal; wherein the third indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send measurement reference signals on M transmit antennas.
  • the second trigger information and the third indication information may be carried in a unified manner, that is, carried in one signaling at the same time, or may be carried independently.
  • the third indication information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the time or duty cycle of the measurement reference signal sent by the terminal on each of the M transmit antennas; Information indicating the sequence of the measurement reference signal sent by the terminal on each of the M transmit antennas; used to indicate the sequence of the measurement reference signal sent by the terminal on each of the M transmit antennas Information about frequency, bandwidth or frequency shift.
  • the manner of carrying the third indication information includes one of the following: the third indication information is carried by DCI; the third indication information is carried by a preamble sequence; the third indication information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein, the signal The sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE ID, or a signal sequence carrying the BSC UE ID; the third indication information is carried by the MAC CE.
  • Step 606 After the terminal receives the third indication information sent by the network side device, the terminal sends measurement reference signals on the M transmit antennas based on the third indication information.
  • the implementation of the terminal sending the measurement reference signal on the M transmit antennas based on the third indication information may include: the terminal transmits the measurement reference signal on the M transmit antennas at different times based on the third indication information. Send a measurement reference signal; based on the third indication information, the terminal sends a measurement reference signal on the M transmit antennas at the same time, and the measurement reference signals sent on different transmit antennas pass through the index information of the corresponding antenna The relevant random numbers are scrambled.
  • Step 607 the terminal determines the target encoding codeword based on the capability information and/or channel state information of the terminal;
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • Step 608 the terminal sends second indication information to the network side device; wherein the second indication information is used to indicate the target encoding codeword.
  • the second indication information includes at least one of the following: a transmit diversity order and a codeword matrix indicator; codebook dimension indication information and a codeword matrix indicator.
  • the manner of carrying the second indication information includes one of the following: the second indication information is carried by MAC CE; the second indication information is carried by a preamble; the second indication information is carried by a sequence.
  • step 604 and step 605 may be executed first, or each step may be executed simultaneously.
  • Step 609 the terminal performs diversity transmission based on the target codeword.
  • the terminal autonomously determines the target encoding codeword satisfying the target encoding structure, and sends the target encoding codeword to the network side device.
  • the target encoding codeword is an encoding matrix with a dimension of N ⁇ N;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element, a second basic element, a first generating element, and a second generating element;
  • the first generating element is the first generating element
  • the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of a basic element, the second generating element is the conjugate operation result of the second basic element;
  • the generating elements are complex numbers or block matrices; compared with related technologies, the target encoding codeword designed based on the target encoding structure in the embodiment of the present application can not only ensure the diversity gain, but also reduce the reflection coefficient required on each antenna The types of load impedances required on each antenna can be reduced, thereby reducing the complexity of system
  • the terminal triggers the terminal diversity transmission; the terminal determines and indicates the codebook.
  • Fig. 7 is the fourth schematic diagram of signaling interaction of the diversity transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 7, the method includes steps 701-709; wherein:
  • Step 701 the terminal reports terminal capability information to the network side device.
  • the terminal includes a BSC UE; the terminal capability information includes at least one of the following: modulation schemes supported by the BSC UE, and antenna capabilities of the BSC UE.
  • Step 702 the network side device determines the modulation mode, channel codec mode and data transmission scheduling mode according to the terminal capability information.
  • Step 703 the terminal decides to trigger transmit diversity transmission when the first target condition is satisfied.
  • Step 704 the terminal sends first trigger information to the network side device; wherein the first trigger information is used to instruct the network side device that the terminal triggers diversity transmission.
  • Step 705 the network side device sends third indication information to the terminal; wherein the third indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send measurement reference signals on M transmit antennas.
  • the third indication information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the time or duty cycle of the measurement reference signal sent by the terminal on each of the M transmit antennas; Information indicating the sequence of the measurement reference signal sent by the terminal on each of the M transmit antennas; used to indicate the sequence of the measurement reference signal sent by the terminal on each of the M transmit antennas Information about frequency, bandwidth or frequency shift.
  • the manner of carrying the third indication information includes one of the following: the third indication information is carried by DCI; the third indication information is carried by a preamble sequence; the third indication information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein, the signal The sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE ID, or a signal sequence carrying the BSC UE ID; the third indication information is carried by the MAC CE.
  • Step 706 After the terminal receives the third indication information sent by the network side device, the terminal sends measurement reference signals on the M transmit antennas based on the third indication information.
  • the implementation of the terminal sending the measurement reference signal on the M transmit antennas based on the third indication information may include: the terminal transmits the measurement reference signal on the M transmit antennas at different times based on the third indication information. Send a measurement reference signal; based on the third indication information, the terminal sends a measurement reference signal on the M transmit antennas at the same time, and the measurement reference signals sent on different transmit antennas pass through the index information of the corresponding antenna The relevant random numbers are scrambled.
  • Step 707 the terminal determines the target encoding codeword based on the capability information and/or channel state information of the terminal;
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • Step 708 the terminal sends second indication information to the network side device; wherein the second indication information is used to indicate the target encoding codeword.
  • first trigger information and the second indication information may be carried in a unified manner, that is, carried in one signaling at the same time, or may be carried independently.
  • the second indication information includes at least one of the following: a transmit diversity order and a codeword matrix indicator; codebook dimension indication information and a codeword matrix indicator.
  • the manner of carrying the second indication information includes one of the following: the second indication information is carried by MAC CE; the second indication information is carried by a preamble; the second indication information is carried by a sequence.
  • step 704 and step 708 any one of step 704 and step 708 may be executed first, or each step may be executed simultaneously.
  • Step 709 the terminal performs diversity transmission based on the target codeword.
  • the terminal autonomously determines the target encoding codeword satisfying the target encoding structure, and sends the target encoding codeword to the network side device.
  • the target encoding codeword is an encoding matrix with a dimension of N ⁇ N;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element, a second basic element, a first generating element, and a second generating element;
  • the first generating element is the first generating element
  • the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of a basic element, the second generating element is the conjugate operation result of the second basic element;
  • the generating elements are complex numbers or block matrices; compared with related technologies, the target encoding codeword designed based on the target encoding structure in the embodiment of the present application can not only ensure the diversity gain, but also reduce the reflection coefficient required on each antenna The types of load impedances required on each antenna can be reduced, thereby reducing the complexity of system
  • the diversity transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application may be executed by a diversity transmission device.
  • the diversity transmission device implemented by the diversity transmission device is taken as an example to describe the diversity transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of the diversity transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8, the diversity transmission device 800 is applied to a terminal and includes: a first determination module 801 and a transmission module 802, wherein:
  • the first determination module 801 is configured to determine the target encoding codeword
  • a transmission module 802 configured to perform diversity transmission based on the target codeword
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • multi-antenna transmit diversity transmission is performed by determining and using a target coding codeword that satisfies the target coding structure.
  • the target coding codeword is a coding matrix with a dimension of N ⁇ N; the target coding structure includes : the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generated element and the second generated element; the first generated element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generated element is The result of the conjugate operation of the second basic element; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element, and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices; compared with related technologies, the embodiment of the present application
  • the target coding code word designed based on the target coding structure can not only ensure the diversity gain, but also reduce the types of reflection coefficients required on each antenna, that is, the types of load impedances required on each antenna can be reduced, thereby Realize reducing system implementation complexity and effectively reducing detection error probability.
  • the target encoding structure is denoted as S;
  • the elements in S include S 12 , S 34 , and S 12 is the first basic element, S 34 is the second basic element, For the second generating element, is the first generating element; the S 12 , S 34 , and Meet at least one of the following:
  • the S 12 , S 34 , and are plural, is the conjugate complex number of S 34 , is the opposite number of the conjugate complex number of S 12 ;
  • the elements in the S2 are complex numbers; is the complex conjugate of s 2 , is the opposite of the conjugate complex number of s 1 .
  • the target encoding codeword is S 4 ;
  • the elements in the S4 are complex numbers; is the complex conjugate of s 2 , is the complex conjugate of s 3 , is the complex conjugate of s 4 , is the inverse of the conjugate complex number of s 1 , is the inverse of the conjugate complex number of s 2 , It is the opposite number of conjugate complex number of s 3 , -s 2 is the opposite number of s 2 , -s 3 is the opposite number of s 3 .
  • the first determining module 801 is specifically configured to:
  • the first indication information includes at least one of the following:
  • Codebook dimension indication information and a codeword matrix indicator are included in Codebook dimension indication information and a codeword matrix indicator.
  • the bearing manner of the first indication information includes one of the following:
  • the first indication message is carried by downlink control information DCI;
  • the first indication information is carried by a preamble sequence
  • the first indication information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein, the signal sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by a backscatter communication device to identify the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE, or a signal carrying the BSC UE ID sequence;
  • the first indication information is carried by a medium access control MAC control unit CE.
  • the first determining module 801 is specifically configured to determine the target codeword based on capability information and/or channel state information of the terminal.
  • the diversity transmission apparatus 800 further includes:
  • the second sending module is configured to send second indication information to the network side device; wherein the second indication information is used to indicate the target encoding codeword.
  • the second indication information includes at least one of the following:
  • Codebook dimension indication information and a codeword matrix indicator are included in Codebook dimension indication information and a codeword matrix indicator.
  • the bearing manner of the second indication information includes one of the following:
  • the second indication information is carried by MAC CE
  • the second indication information is carried by a preamble
  • the second indication information is carried by a sequence.
  • the first determining module 801 is specifically configured to determine the target codeword when the first target condition is satisfied.
  • the diversity transmission apparatus 800 further includes:
  • a third sending module configured to send first trigger information to the network-side device when the first target condition is satisfied; wherein the first trigger information is used to instruct the network-side device to trigger the terminal to perform Diversity transmission.
  • the first target condition includes at least one of the following:
  • the energy of the reverse transmission signal of the terminal is lower than a first threshold
  • the location of the terminal is located at the cell edge
  • the number of times the terminal sends a negative acknowledgment NACK exceeds a second threshold
  • the energy of the downlink received signal is lower than the third threshold.
  • the diversity transmission apparatus 800 further includes:
  • the first receiving module is configured to receive second trigger information sent by the network side device; wherein the second trigger information is used to trigger terminal diversity transmission.
  • the bearing manner of the second trigger information includes one of the following:
  • the second trigger message is carried by DCI
  • the second trigger information is carried by a preamble sequence
  • the second trigger information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein the signal sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE, or a signal sequence carrying the BSC UE ID;
  • the second trigger information is carried by MAC CE.
  • the diversity transmission apparatus 800 further includes:
  • the second receiving module is configured to receive third indication information sent by the network side device; wherein the third indication information is configured to instruct the terminal to send measurement reference signals on M transmit antennas;
  • a fourth sending module configured to send measurement reference signals on the M transmit antennas based on the third indication information.
  • the fourth sending module is specifically used for:
  • the third indication information includes at least one of the following:
  • the bearing manner of the third indication information includes one of the following:
  • the third indication information is carried by DCI
  • the third indication information is carried by the preamble sequence
  • the third indication information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein, the signal sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by BSC UEID or random number scrambled related to BSC UE ID, or a signal sequence carrying BSC UE ID;
  • the third indication information is carried by MAC CE.
  • the diversity transmission apparatus in this embodiment of the present application may be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component of the electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip.
  • the electronic device may be a terminal, or other devices other than the terminal.
  • the terminal may include, but not limited to, the types of terminal 11 listed above, and other devices may be servers, Network Attached Storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • NAS Network Attached Storage
  • the diversity transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present application can realize each process realized by the method embodiment in FIG. 2 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, details are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 9 is the second structural schematic diagram of the diversity transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. in:
  • the second determination module 901 is configured to determine the target encoding codeword
  • the first sending module 902 is configured to send first indication information to the terminal; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate the target codeword;
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • the target coding codeword is a coding matrix with a dimension of N ⁇ N;
  • the target coding structure includes: a first basic element, a second basic element, a first generating element, and a second generating element;
  • the first generating element is the first basic element
  • the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of , the second generating element is the conjugate operation result of the second basic element;
  • the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are Complex number or block matrix; compared with related technologies, the target encoding codeword designed based on the target encoding structure in the embodiment of the present application can not only ensure the diversity gain, but also reduce the types of reflection coefficients required on each antenna, That is, the types of load
  • the first indication information includes at least one of the following:
  • Codebook dimension indication information and a codeword matrix indicator are included in Codebook dimension indication information and a codeword matrix indicator.
  • the bearing manner of the first indication information includes one of the following:
  • the first indication message is carried by downlink control information DCI;
  • the first indication information is carried by a preamble sequence
  • the first indication information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein the signal sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by a backscatter communication device identifying the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE ID, or carrying the BSC UE ID signal sequence;
  • the first indication information is carried by a medium access control MAC control unit CE.
  • the second determining module 901 is specifically configured to determine the target codeword based on capability information and/or channel state information of the terminal when the second target condition is met.
  • the second target condition includes at least one of the following:
  • the energy of the reverse transmission signal of the terminal is lower than a first threshold
  • the location of the terminal is located at the cell edge
  • the number of times the terminal sends a negative acknowledgment NACK exceeds a second threshold
  • the network-side device receives first trigger information sent by the terminal; wherein the first trigger information is used to instruct the network-side device to trigger the terminal to perform diversity transmission.
  • the bearing manner of the first trigger information includes one of the following:
  • the first trigger information is carried by a preamble sequence
  • the first trigger information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein the signal sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE, or a signal sequence carrying the BSC UE ID;
  • the first trigger information is carried by MAC CE.
  • the diversity transmission apparatus 900 further includes:
  • the fifth sending module is configured to send second trigger information to the terminal when the second target condition is satisfied; wherein the second trigger information is used to trigger diversity transmission of the terminal.
  • the bearing manner of the second trigger information includes one of the following:
  • the second trigger message is carried by DCI
  • the second trigger information is carried by a preamble sequence
  • the second trigger information is carried by a signal sequence; wherein the signal sequence includes: a signal sequence scrambled by the BSC UE ID or a random number related to the BSC UE, or a signal sequence carrying the BSC UE ID;
  • the second trigger information is carried by MAC CE.
  • the diversity transmission apparatus 900 further includes:
  • a sixth sending module configured to send third indication information to the terminal when the second target condition is met; wherein, the third indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send measurement on M transmit antennas reference signal.
  • the third indication information includes at least one of the following:
  • the diversity transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present application can realize each process realized by the method embodiment in FIG. 3 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, details are not repeated here.
  • the diversity transmission apparatus in the embodiment of the present application may be an electronic device, or may be a component in the electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip.
  • the electronic device may be a terminal, or other devices other than the terminal.
  • the electronic device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a handheld computer, a vehicle electronic device, a mobile Internet device (Mobile Internet Device, MID), an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR)/virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) ) equipment, robots, wearable devices, ultra-mobile personal computer (ultra-mobile personal computer, UMPC), netbook or personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), etc.
  • the diversity transmission device in this embodiment of the present application may be a device with an operating system.
  • the operating system may be an Android (Android) operating system, an ios operating system, or other possible operating systems, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1000 includes a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, and the memory 1002 stores programs that can run on the processor 1001 or an instruction, for example, when the communication device 1000 is a terminal, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor 1001, each step of the above embodiment of the diversity transmission method can be implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved.
  • the communication device 1000 is a network-side device, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor 1001, each step of the above-mentioned diversity transmission method embodiment can be achieved, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, details are not repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal, including a processor and a communication interface, where the processor is configured to determine a target encoding codeword; the communication interface is configured to perform diversity transmission based on the target encoding codeword;
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-mentioned terminal-side method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation mode of the above-mentioned method embodiment can be applied to this terminal embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal 1100 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 1101, a network module 1102, an audio output unit 1103, an input unit 1104, a sensor 1105, and a display unit 1106 , at least some components in the user input unit 1107 , the interface unit 1108 , the memory 1109 , and the processor 1110 .
  • the terminal 1100 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components, and the power supply may be logically connected to the processor 1110 through the power management system, so as to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption through the power management system. Management and other functions.
  • a power supply such as a battery
  • the terminal structure shown in FIG. 11 does not constitute a limitation on the terminal, and the terminal may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine some components, or arrange different components, which will not be repeated here.
  • the input unit 1104 may include a graphics processing unit (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) 11041 and a microphone 11042, and the graphics processor 11041 is used in a video capture mode or an image capture mode by an image capture device (such as the image data of the still picture or video obtained by the camera) for processing.
  • the display unit 1106 may include a display panel 11061, and the display panel 11061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, or the like.
  • the user input unit 1107 includes at least one of a touch panel 11071 and other input devices 11072 .
  • Touch panel 11071 also called touch screen.
  • the touch panel 11071 may include two parts, a touch detection device and a touch controller.
  • Other input devices 11072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which will not be repeated here.
  • the radio frequency unit 1101 may transmit the downlink data from the network side device to the processor 1110 for processing after receiving it; in addition, the radio frequency unit 1101 may send uplink data to the network side device.
  • the radio frequency unit 1101 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, and the like.
  • the memory 1109 can be used to store software programs or instructions as well as various data.
  • the memory 1109 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, an application program or instructions required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, image playback function, etc.), etc.
  • memory 1109 can include volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or, memory 1109 can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), electronically programmable Erase Programmable Read-Only Memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or Flash.
  • ROM Read-Only Memory
  • PROM programmable read-only memory
  • Erasable PROM Erasable PROM
  • EPROM erasable programmable read-only memory
  • Electrical EPROM Electrical EPROM
  • EEPROM electronically programmable Erase Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • Volatile memory can be random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), static random access memory (Static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (Dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (Synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (Double Data Rate SDRAM, DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous connection dynamic random access memory (Synch link DRAM , SLDRAM) and Direct Memory Bus Random Access Memory (Direct Rambus RAM, DRRAM).
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Double Data Rate SDRAM Double Data Rate SDRAM
  • DDRSDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Synch link DRAM , SLDRAM
  • Direct Memory Bus Random Access Memory Direct Rambus
  • the processor 1110 may include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 1110 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes operations related to the operating system, user interface, and application programs, etc., Modem processors mainly process wireless communication signals, such as baseband processors. It can be understood that the foregoing modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 1110 .
  • the processor 1110 is configured to determine the target encoding codeword
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element , the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic Conjugation operation results of elements; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • the terminal provided in this embodiment of the present application performs multi-antenna transmit diversity transmission by determining and using a target coding codeword that satisfies the target coding structure.
  • the target coding codeword is a coding matrix with a dimension of .
  • the target coding structure includes: a first basic element, The second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, and the second generating element is the second basic element
  • the result of the conjugate operation; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element, and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices; compared with related technologies, the embodiment of the present application is based on the target coding structure design
  • the target coding codeword can not only ensure the diversity gain, but also reduce the types of reflection coefficients required on each antenna, that is, it can reduce the types of load impedances required on each antenna, thereby reducing the complexity of system implementation , effectively reducing the detection error probability.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a network side device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to determine the target encoding codeword when the second target condition is satisfied; the communication interface is used to send the terminal Sending first indication information; wherein, the first indication information is used to indicate the target codeword;
  • the target encoding codeword satisfies the target encoding structure;
  • the target encoding structure includes: a first basic element, a second basic element, a first generating element, and a second generating element; the first generating element is the opposite number of the conjugate operation result of the first basic element, so The second generating element is a conjugate operation result of the second basic element; the first basic element, the second basic element, the first generating element and the second generating element are complex numbers or block matrices.
  • the network-side device embodiment corresponds to the above-mentioned network-side device method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation mode of the above-mentioned method embodiment can be applied to this network-side device embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a network-side device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network-side device 1200 includes: an antenna 1201 , a radio frequency device 1202 , a baseband device 1203 , a processor 1204 and a memory 1205 .
  • the antenna 1201 is connected to the radio frequency device 1202 .
  • the radio frequency device 1202 receives information through the antenna 1201, and sends the received information to the baseband device 1203 for processing.
  • the baseband device 1203 processes the information to be sent and sends it to the radio frequency device 1202, and the radio frequency device 1202 processes the received information and sends it out through the antenna 1201.
  • the method performed by the network side device in the above embodiments may be implemented in the baseband device 1203, where the baseband device 1203 includes a baseband processor.
  • the baseband device 1203 may include, for example, at least one baseband board, on which a plurality of chips are arranged, as shown in FIG.
  • the program executes the network device operations shown in the above method embodiments.
  • the network side device may also include a network interface 1206, such as a common public radio interface (common public radio interface, CPRI).
  • a network interface 1206 such as a common public radio interface (common public radio interface, CPRI).
  • the network side device 1200 in the embodiment of the present invention further includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 1205 and executable on the processor 1204, and the processor 1204 invokes the instructions or programs in the memory 1205 to execute the The method of module execution achieves the same technical effect, so in order to avoid repetition, it is not repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a diversity transmission system, including: a terminal and a network-side device, the terminal can be used to perform the steps of the above-mentioned diversity transmission method, and the network-side device can be used to perform the above-mentioned diversity transmission system The steps of the transfer method.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium.
  • the readable storage medium may be volatile or non-volatile.
  • Programs or instructions are stored on the readable storage medium.
  • the program Or, when the instruction is executed by the processor, each process of the foregoing diversity transmission method embodiment can be realized, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, details are not repeated here.
  • the processor is the processor in the terminal described in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the readable storage medium includes a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the above-mentioned diversity transmission method embodiment
  • the chip includes a processor and a communication interface
  • the communication interface is coupled to the processor
  • the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the above-mentioned diversity transmission method embodiment
  • the chip mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may also be called a system-on-chip, a system-on-chip, a system-on-a-chip, or a system-on-a-chip.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program/program product, the computer program/program product is stored in a storage medium, and the computer program/program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the above embodiment of the diversity transmission method
  • the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, and of course also by hardware, but in many cases the former is better implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of computer software products, which are stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, etc.) , CD-ROM), including several instructions to make a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种分集传输方法、终端及网络侧设备，属于通信技术领域，本申请实施例的分集传输方法包括：终端确定目标编码码字；所述终端基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输；其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N× N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。

Description

分集传输方法、终端及网络侧设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年12月7日提交的申请号为202111484934.3，发明名称为“分集传输方法、终端及网络侧设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其通过引用方式全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请属于通信技术领域，具体涉及一种分集传输方法、终端及网络侧设备。
背景技术
随着移动通信技术的发展，通信网络需要支持海量的万物互联，海量的物联网(Internet of Things，IoT)设备对成本和功耗都提出了新的挑战，因而，物联网设备发展的主要趋势包括蜂窝网络化、低成本、低功耗甚至零功耗无源化。然而，考虑到传统的无源终端受限于其功耗与硬件能力，其通信传输距离大多在10米以下，远远达不到蜂窝化百米覆盖范围的目标，采用反向散射通信技术可以有效提高物联网设备的通信距离，反向散射通信是指反向散射通信设备利用其它设备或者环境中的射频信号进行信号调制来传输自己信息。
相关技术中，通过使用空时分组编码(Space Time Block Code，STBC)，在空间和时间域引入信号冗余，通过合理的构造分组编码传输矩阵，在不增加带宽的情况下来获得分集增益和天线增益；其中，正交空时分组编码(Orthogonal Space Time Block Code，OSTBC)码本虽然能够获得满分集增益同时获得满速率，但该类码本只适用于两天线发射分集场景；而准正交空时分组编码(Quasi-Orthogonal Space Time Block Code，QSTBC)码本可以扩 展到大于两天线的发射分集场景，并且获得稍差于满分集增益的分集增益同时获得满速率。
实际中，由于反向散射通信是通过改变负载阻抗来控制信号的幅度或相位，考虑到反向散射通信调制电路中其他因素的非理想情况，输出信号的幅度或相位或多或少存在误差；但是，OSTBC和QSTBC分集方案均是针对传统有源射频通信设计的，并没有考虑如反向散射通信等无源终端的调制特性，当OSTBC和QSTBC分集方案应用于反向散射通信中时，存在系统实现复杂度高，检测错误概率高的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种分集传输方法、终端及网络侧设备，能够解决系统实现复杂度高，检测错误概率高的问题。
第一方面，提供了一种分集传输方法，应用于终端，该方法包括：
终端确定目标编码码字；
所述终端基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；
所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
第二方面，提供了一种分集传输方法，应用于网络侧设备，该方法包括：
网络侧设备确定目标编码码字；
所述网络侧设备向终端发送第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础 元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
第三方面，提供了一种分集传输装置，应用于终端，该装置包括：
第一确定模块，用于确定目标编码码字；
传输模块，用于基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
第四方面，提供了一种分集传输装置，应用于网络侧设备，该装置包括：
第二确定模块，用于确定目标编码码字；
第一发送模块，用于向终端发送第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
第五方面，提供了一种终端，该终端包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器存储可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如第一方面所述的方法的步骤。
第六方面，提供了一种终端，包括处理器及通信接口，其中，所述处理 器用于确定目标编码码字；所述通信接口用于基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
第七方面，提供了一种网络侧设备，该网络侧设备包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器存储可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如第二方面所述的方法的步骤。
第八方面，提供了一种网络侧设备，包括处理器及通信接口，其中，所述处理器用于确定目标编码码字；所述通信接口用于向终端发送第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；
所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
第九方面，提供了一种分集传输系统，包括：终端及网络侧设备，所述终端可用于执行如第一方面所述的分集传输方法的步骤，所述网络侧设备可用于执行如第二方面所述的分集传输方法的步骤。
第十方面，提供了一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令，所述程序或指令被处理器执行时实现如第一方面所述的方法的步骤，或者实现如第二方面所述的方法的步骤。
第十一方面，提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口，所述 通信接口和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行程序或指令，实现如第一方面所述的方法，或实现如第二方面所述的方法。
第十二方面，提供了一种计算机程序/程序产品，所述计算机程序/程序产品被存储在存储介质中，所述计算机程序/程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现如第一方面所述的方法的步骤，或者实现如第二方面所述的方法的步骤。
在本申请实施例中，终端确定并使用满足目标编码结构的目标编码码字进行多天线发射分集传输，该目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵；相比于相关技术，本申请实施例基于该目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字不但能够保证分集增益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，有效地降低检测错误概率。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例可应用的无线通信系统的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法的流程示意图之一；
图3是本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法的流程示意图之二；
图4是本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法的信令交互示意图之一；
图5是本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法的信令交互示意图之二；
图6是本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法的信令交互示意图之三；
图7是本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法的信令交互示意图之四；
图8是本申请实施例提供的分集传输装置的结构示意图之一；
图9是本申请实施例提供的分集传输装置的结构示意图之二；
图10是本申请实施例提供的通信设备的结构示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的终端的结构示意图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的网络侧设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的术语在适当情况下可以互换，以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施，且“第一”、“第二”所区别的对象通常为一类，并不限定对象的个数，例如第一对象可以是一个，也可以是多个。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
值得指出的是，本申请实施例所描述的技术不限于长期演进型(Long Term Evolution，LTE)/LTE的演进(LTE-Advanced，LTE-A)系统，还可用于其他无线通信系统，诸如码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA)、时分多址(Time Division Multiple Access，TDMA)、频分多址(Frequency Division Multiple Access，FDMA)、正交频分多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access，OFDMA)、单载波频分多址(Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access，SC-FDMA)和其他系统。本申请实施例中的术语“系统”和“网络”常被可互换地使用，所描述的技术既可用于以上提及的系统和无线电技术，也可用于其他系统和无线电技术。以下描述出于示例目的描述了新空口(New Radio，NR)系统，并且在以下大部分描述中使用NR术语，但是这些技术也可应用于NR系统应用以外的通信系统，如第6代(6th Generation，6G)通信系统。
图1是本申请实施例可应用的无线通信系统的示意图，图1示出的无线通信系统包括终端11和网络侧设备12。其中，终端11可以是反向散射通信设备(Backscatter Communication UE，BSC UE)、手机、平板电脑(Tablet Personal Computer)、膝上型电脑(Laptop Computer)或称为笔记本电脑、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、掌上电脑、上网本、超级移动个人计算机(ultra-mobile personal computer，UMPC)、移动上网装置(Mobile Internet Device，MID)、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)/虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、机器人、可穿戴式设备(Wearable Device)、车载设备(VUE)、行人终端(PUE)、智能家居(具有无线通信功能的家居设备，如冰箱、电视、洗衣机或者家具等)、游戏机、个人计算机(personal computer，PC)、柜员机或者自助机等终端侧设备，所述BSC UE包括：射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification，RFID)系统中的标签(Tag)，无源(Passive)IoT，半无源(Semi-passive)IoT等。可穿戴式设备包括：智能手表、智能手环、智能耳机、智能眼镜、智能首饰(智能手镯、智能手链、智能戒指、智能项链、智能脚镯、智能脚链等)、智能腕带、智能服装等。需要说明的是，在本申请实施例并不限定终端11的具体类型。网络侧设备12可以包括接入网设备或核心网设备，其中，接入网设备12也可以称为无线接入网设备、无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)、无线接入网功能或无线接入网单元。接入网设备12可以包括基站、无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Network，WLAN)接入点、无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WiFi)节点等，基站可被称为节点B、演进节点B(eNB)、接入点、基收发机站(Base Transceiver Station，BTS)、无线电基站、无线电收发机、基本服务集(Basic Service Set，BSS)、扩展服务集(Extended Service Set，ESS)、家用B节点、家用演进型B节点、发送接收点(Transmitting Receiving Point，TRP)或所述领域中其他某个合适的术语，只要达到相同的技术效果，所述基站不限于特定技术词汇，需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中仅以NR系统中的基站为例进行介绍，并不限定基站的具体类型。核心网设备可以包含但不限于如下至少一项：核心网节点、核 心网功能、移动管理实体(Mobility Management Entity，MME)、接入移动管理功能(Access and Mobility Management Function，AMF)、会话管理功能(Session Management Function，SMF)、用户平面功能(User Plane Function，UPF)、策略控制功能(Policy Control Function，PCF)、策略与计费规则功能单元(Policy and Charging Rules Function，PCRF)、边缘应用服务发现功能(Edge Application Server Discovery Function，EASDF)、统一数据管理(Unified Data Management，UDM)，统一数据仓储(Unified Data Repository，UDR)、归属用户服务器(Home Subscriber Server，HSS)、集中式网络配置(Centralized network configuration，CNC)、网络存储功能(Network Repository Function，NRF)，网络开放功能(Network Exposure Function，NEF)、本地NEF(Local NEF，或L-NEF)、绑定支持功能(Binding Support Function，BSF)、应用功能(Application Function，AF)等。需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中仅以NR系统中的核心网设备为例进行介绍，并不限定核心网设备的具体类型。
本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法可应用于多天线发射分集传输的场景中，解决相关技术中系统实现复杂度高，检测错误概率高的问题。本申请实施例中提供的目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；该目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
本申请实施例基于上述目标编码结构可以构造得到2 k(k＝1，2，3，...)天线发射分集码字，发射分集阶数为2 k。显然，满足上述目标编码结构的编码码字不止一个。本申请实施例中的目标编码码字为满足上述目标编码结构的多个编码码字中的至少一个。
相比于相关技术，本申请实施例中终端获取并使用满足目标编码结构的目标编码码字进行多天线发射分集传输的情况下，基于目标编码结构设计的 目标编码码字不但能够保证分集增益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，有效地降低检测错误概率。
下面结合附图，通过一些实施例及其应用场景对本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法进行详细地说明。可以理解的是，不同的实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或步骤过程不重复赘述。
图2是本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法的流程示意图之一，如图2所示，该方法包括步骤201-202；其中：
步骤201、终端确定目标编码码字。
步骤202、终端基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例可应用于反向散射通信的多天线发射分集传输的场景中。终端包括反向散射通信设备(BSC UE)。可以理解的，BSC UE可以包括但不限于：射频识别(RFID)系统中的Tag，无源IoT，半无源IoT等设备。
可选地，目标编码码字，也可称为码字矩阵、分组编码矩阵、空时分组编码矩阵、分组编码码字或空时分组编码码字。
本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法中，终端确定并使用满足目标编码结构的目标编码码字进行多天线发射分集传输，该目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述 第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵；相比于相关技术，本申请实施例基于该目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字不但能够保证分集增益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，有效地降低检测错误概率。
可选地，本申请实施例提供的目标编码码字的特性在于，对于维度为N×N的目标编码码字，该目标编码码字满足目标编码结构，该目标编码结构可以表示为S；
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000001
其中，所述S中的元素包括S 12、S 34、
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000002
及
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000003
所述S是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；S 12为所述第一基础元素，S 34为所述第二基础元素，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000004
为所述第二生成元素，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000005
为所述第一生成元素；所述S 12、S 34、
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000006
及
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000007
满足以下至少一项：
在所述N等于2的情况下，所述S 12、S 34、
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000008
及
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000009
均为复数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000010
为S 34的共轭复数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000011
为S 12的共轭复数的相反数；
在所述N大于2的情况下，所述S 12、S 34、
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000012
及
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000013
均是维度为L×L的块状矩阵，L＝N/2，各所述块状矩阵中的元素均为复数；
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000014
为S 34的共轭矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000015
为S 12的共轭矩阵的相反数。显然，本申请实施例构造的目标编码结构可以扩展到2 k(k＝1，2，3，...)天线发射分集码字。
该目标编码结构的构造结构决定了基于该目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字，不但能够保证分集增益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，能够有效地降低检测错误概率。
本申请实施例通过设计一种基于目标编码结构的目标编码码字(也即发射分集码本)，使得满足目标编码结构的目标编码码字应用于在2天线发射分集传输场景时，能够获得满分集增益和满速率，此时该目标编码码字属于 OSTBC码本；而满足目标编码结构的目标编码码字应用于在发送天线数大于2的发射分集传输场景时，能够获得稍差于满分集增益的分集增益，满速率传输，此时该目标编码码字属于QSTBC码本。
下面对本申请实施例提供的目标编码码字应用于在2天线发射分集传输场景、4天线发射分集传输场景及2 k天线发射分集传输分别进行说明。
一、2天线发射分集传输
在2天线发射分集传输场景中，目标编码码字的维度为2×2，即N等于2，S 12＝s 1，S 34＝s 2，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000016
所述目标编码码字为S 2；
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000017
其中，所述S 2中的元素均为复数；
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000018
为s 2的共轭复数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000019
为s 1的共轭复数的相反数。
根据目标编码码字S 2，假设在当前符号周期，天线1上发送的符号记为s 1，而在天线2上发送的符号记为
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000020
但是，在下一个符号周期，天线1上发送的符号为s 2，而在天线2上发送的符号为
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000021
基于上述分析，根据OSTBC码字的定义可知，S 2属于OSTBC码字，因而，基于S 2进行发射分集传输，能够获得满分集增益与满速率传输。
下面分析本申请实施例提供的目标编码码字S 2，与相关技术中标准Alamouti码和扩展的Alamouti码字在反向散射通信中的区别：
假设终端基于BPSK调制符号进行传输，根据反向散射通信的映射原则，符号0和1与反射系数的映射规则为：
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000022
即，通过控制两个相位反转的负载阻抗来表征符号0和1。
表1示出本申请实施例提供的分集编码码字S 2在两天线同时发送不同的符号的编码表。
表1本申请实施例提供的分集编码码字的两天线发射分集编码表
00 天线1 天线2 01 天线1 天线2
t |Γ|e jθ |Γ|e -jθ t |Γ|e jθ |Γ|e -j(θ+π)
t+T |Γ|e jθ |Γ|e -j(θ+π) t+T |Γ|e j(θ+π) |Γ|e -j(θ+π)
10 天线1 天线2 11 天线1 天线2
t |Γ|e j(θ+π) |Γ|e -jθ t |Γ|e j(θ+π) |Γ|e -j(θ+π)
t+T |Γ|e jθ |Γ|e -jθ t+T |Γ|e j(θ+π) |Γ|e -jθ
作为对比，表2和表3示出了相关技术中标准Alamouti码字与扩展的Alamouti码字的在两天线同时发送不同的符号的编码表。其中，标准Alamouti码字为
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000023
扩展的Alamouti码字为
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000024
表2相关技术中标准Alamouti码字的两天线发射分集编码表
00 天线1 天线2 01 天线1 天线2
t |Γ|e jθ |Γ|e jθ t |Γ|e jθ |Γ|e j(θ+π)
t+T |Γ|e -j(θ+π) |Γ|e -jθ t+T |Γ|e -jθ |Γ|e -jθ
10 天线1 天线2 11 天线1 天线2
t |Γ|e j(θ+π) |Γ|e jθ t |Γ|e j(θ+π) |Γ|e j(θ+π)
t+T |Γ|e -j(θ+π) |Γ|e -j(θ+π) t+T |Γ|e -jθ |Γ|e -j(θ+π)
表3相关技术中扩展的Alamouti码字的两天线发射分集编码表
00 天线1 天线2 01 天线1 天线2
t |Γ|e jθ |Γ|e jθ t |Γ|e jθ |Γ|e j(θ+π)
t+T |Γ|e -jθ| |Γ|e -j(θ+π) t+T |Γ|e -j(θ+π) |Γ|e -j(θ+π)|
10 天线1 天线2 11 天线1 天线2
t |Γ|e j(θ+π) |Γ|e jθ t |Γ|e j(θ+π) |Γ|e j(θ+π)
t+T |Γ|e -jθ |Γ|e -jθ t+T |Γ|e -j(θ+π) |Γ|e -jθ
根据表1可知，基于本申请实施例提供的分集编码码字，天线1只需要2种系数|Γ|e jθ和|Γ|e j(θ+π)；天线2也只需要两种系数|Γ|e -jθ和|Γ|e -j(θ+π)。也就是说，基于本申请实施例提供的分集编码码字，每根天线上只需要两种负载阻抗即可。
根据表2和表3可知，基于相关技术中标准Alamouti码字和扩展的Alamouti码字，天线1和天线2都分别需要4种系数|Γ|e jθ，|Γ|e -j(θ+π)，|Γ|e j(θ+π)，|Γ|e -j(θ+π)。也就是说，相关技术中每根天线上需要4种负载阻抗。
显然，相比于相关技术，本申请实施例基于该目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字不但能够保证分集增益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，有效地降低检测错误概率。
二、4天线发射分集传输
在4天线发射分集传输场景中，目标编码码字的维度为4×4，即N等于4，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000025
的情况下，所述目标编码码字为S 4；
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000026
其中，所述S 4中的元素均为复数；
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000027
为s 2的共轭复数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000028
为s 3的共轭复数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000029
为s 4的共轭复数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000030
为s 1的共轭复数的相反数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000031
为s 2的共轭复数的相反数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000032
为s 3的共轭复数的相反数，-s 2为s 2的相反数，-s 3为s 3的相反数。
根据目标编码码字S 4，假设在当前符号周期(记为第一符号周期)，在天线1上发送的符号记为s 1，在天线2上发送的符号记为
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000033
在天线3上发送的符号记为
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000034
在天线4上发送的符号记为s 4；
在第一符号周期之后的下一个符号周期(记为第二符号周期)，在天线1上发送的符号为s 2，在天线2上发送的符号为
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000035
在天线3上发送的符号为
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000036
在天线4上发送的符号为-s 3；
在第二符号周期之后的下一个符号周期(记为第三符号周期)，在天线1上发送的符号为s 3，在天线2上发送的符号为
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000037
在天线3上发送的符号为
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000038
在天线4上发送的符号为-s 2；
在第三符号周期之后的下一个符号周期(记为第四符号周期)，在天线1 上发送的符号为s 4，在天线2上发送的符号为
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000039
在天线3上发送的符号为
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000040
在天线4上发送的符号为s 1。
基于上述分析，根据QSTBC码字的定义可知，S 4属于QSTBC码字，因而，基于s 4进行发射分集传输，能够获得稍差于满分集增益的分集增益与满速率传输。
下面分析本申请实施例提供的目标编码码字S 4，与相关技术中ABBA类QSTBC(例如，码本为
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000041
)在反向散射通信中的区别：
假设终端基于BPSK调制符号进行传输，根据反向散射通信的映射原则，符号0和1与反射系数的映射规则为：
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000042
即，通过控制两个相位反转的负载阻抗来表征符号0和1。
表4示出了本申请实施例提供的分集编码码字s 4在4天线同时发送不同的符号的编码表。作为对比，表5示出了相关技术中ABBA类QSTBC在4天线同时发送不同的符号的编码表。
表4本申请实施例提供的分集编码码字的4天线发射分集编码表
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000043
表5相关技术中ABBA类QSTBC的4天线发射分集编码表
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000044
根据表4可知，基于本申请实施例提供的分集编码码字，天线1只需要2种系数|Γ|e jθ和|Γ|e j(θ+π)，天线2也只需要两种系数|Γ|e -jθ和|Γ|e -j(θ+π)，天线3也只需要2种系数|Γ|e -jθ和|Γ|e -j(θ+π)，天线4也只需要2种系数|Γ|e jθ和|Γ|e j(θ+π)。也就是说，基于本申请实施例提供的分集编码码字，每根天线上只需要两种负载阻抗即可。
根据表5可知，基于相关技术中ABBA类QSTBC，天线1、天线2、天线3及天线4都分别需要4种系数|Γ|e jθ，|Γ|e -j(θ+π)，|Γ|e j(θ+π)，|Γ|e -j(θ+π)。也就是说，相关技术中每根天线上需要4种负载阻抗。
显然，相比于相关技术，本申请实施例基于该目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字不但能够保证分集增益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，有效地降低检测错误概率。
三、2 k天线发射分集传输
在2 k天线发射分集传输场景中，目标编码码字的维度为N×N。本申请实施例基于目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字可以扩展到2 k(k＝1，2，3，...)天线发射分集码字。设计原理与S、S 2和s 4类似，这里不再赘述。
下面对本申请实施例提供的基于目标编码码字的发射分集传输方案的实现进行说明。
本申请实施例中，上述步骤201中终端确定目标编码码字的实现方式可以包括以下任意一种方式：
确定方式1、网络侧设备确定目标编码码字，并将目标编码码字指示信息发送给终端；
确定方式2、终端自主确定目标编码码字。
本申请实施例还提供触发终端分集传输的实现方式，具体可以包括以下任意一种方式：
触发方式1、终端触发终端分集传输；
触发方式2、网络侧设备触发终端分集传输。
在此基础上，本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法至少可以包括以下情景：
情景1、网络触发终端分集传输，网络确定并指示码本信息；
情景2、终端触发终端分集传输；网络确定并指示码本信息；
情景3、网络触发终端分集传输；终端确定并指示码本信息；
情景4、终端触发终端分集传输；终端确定并指示码本信息。
在对情景1-情景4进行说明之前，先对确定方式1、确定方式2、触发方式1及触发方式2说明如下：
针对确定方式1：网络侧设备确定目标编码码字，并向终端发送第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字。终端接收网络侧设备发送的第一指示信息；所述终端基于所述第一指示信息，确定所述目标编码码字。例如，终端解析第一指示信息，得到码字结构参数，使用码字结构参数生成目标编码码字。
实际中，第一指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
1)发射分集阶数和码字矩阵指示符；例如，码字标识指示符，包括：码字的索引(index)或码字的编号。
2)码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。例如，码本维度指示信息，用于指示所述目标编码码字的码本维度，码本维度例如为发射分集阶数。
实际中，所述第一指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
1)所述第一指示消息通过下行控制信息(Downlink Control Information，DCI)承载。可以理解的，DCI可以为新设计的DCI format，或复用已有DCI。
2)所述第一指示信息通过前导序列承载；
3)所述第一指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID或与BSC UE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
4)所述第一指示信息通过媒质接入控制(Medium Access Control，MAC)控制单元(Control Element，CE)承载。
针对触发方式1：终端在第一目标条件满足的情况下，主动向网络侧设 备发送第一触发信息；其中，所述第一触发信息用于指示所述网络侧设备所述终端触发分集传输。
实际中，所述第一触发信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
所述第一触发信息通过前导序列承载；
所述第一触发信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID或与BSC UE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
所述第一触发信息通过MAC CE承载。
其中，第一目标条件包括以下至少一项：
1)所述终端的反向传输信号的能量低于第一阈值；
2)所述终端的位置位于小区边缘；
3)所述终端发送否定确认(NACK)的次数超过第二阈值；
4)下行接收信号的能量低于第三阈值。
针对确定方式2：终端自主确定目标编码码字。
具体地，终端基于所述终端的能力信息和/或信道状态信息，确定所述目标编码码字。然后，终端向所述网络侧设备发送第二指示信息；其中，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字。
实际中，所述第二指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
发射分集阶数和码字矩阵指示符；
码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。
实际中，所述第二指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
所述第二指示信息通过MAC CE承载；
所述第二指示信息通过前导码承载；
所述第二指示信息通过序列承载。
可选地，终端在第一目标条件满足的情况下，才会确定目标编码码字。其中，第一目标条件包括以下至少一项：
1)所述终端的反向传输信号的能量低于第一阈值；
2)所述终端的位置位于小区边缘；
3)所述终端发送否定确认(NACK)的次数超过第二阈值；
4)下行接收信号的能量低于第三阈值。
实际中，所述第二指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
1)发射分集阶数和码字矩阵指示符；
2)码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。
实际中，所述第二指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
1)所述第二指示信息通过MAC CE承载；
2)所述第二指示信息通过前导码承载；
3)所述第二指示信息通过序列承载。可以理解的，此处的序列可以为探测参考信号(Sounding Reference Signal，SRS)信号。
针对触发方式2：终端接收网络侧设备发送的第二触发信息；其中，所述第二触发信息用于触发终端分集传输。
可选地，所述第二触发信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
所述第二触发消息通过DCI承载；
所述第二触发信息通过前导序列承载；
所述第二触发信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID或与BSC UE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
所述第二触发信息通过MAC CE承载。
本申请实施例中，网络侧设备向所述终端发送第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息，用于指示所述终端在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。所述终端接收所述网络侧设备发送的第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息，用于指示所述终端在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号；
所述终端基于所述第三指示信息，在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
具体地，所述终端基于所述第三指示信息，在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号，包括：
所述终端基于所述第三指示信息，在不同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号；或者，
所述终端基于所述第三指示信息，在相同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号，且在不同发射天线上发送的测量参考信号均经过与对应天线的索引信息相关的随机数加扰处理过。
实际中，所述第三指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的时间或工作周期的信息；
用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的序列的信息；
用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的频率、带宽或频移的信息。
实际中，所述第三指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
第三指示信息通过DCI承载；
第三指示信息通过前导序列承载；
第三指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UEID加扰或与BSC UE ID相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
第三指示信息通过MAC CE承载。
图3是本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法的流程示意图之二，如图3所示，该方法包括步骤301-302；其中：
步骤301、网络侧设备确定目标编码码字；
步骤302、网络侧设备向终端发送第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为 所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例可应用于反向散射通信的多天线发射分集传输的场景中。终端包括BSC UE。可以理解的，BSC UE可以包括但不限于：RFID系统中的Tag，无源IoT，半无源IoT等设备。
本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法中，网络侧设备确定满足目标编码结构的目标编码码字，并将目标编码码字发送给终端，指示终端使用目标编码码字进行多天线发射分集传输，该目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵；相比于相关技术，本申请实施例基于该目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字不但能够保证分集增益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，有效地降低检测错误概率。
可选地，所述第一指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
发射分集阶数和码字矩阵指示符；
码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。
实际中，所述第一指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
所述第一指示消息通过DCI承载；
所述第一指示信息通过前导序列承载；
所述第一指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID或与BSC UE ID相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UEID的信号序列；
所述第一指示信息通过媒质接入控制MAC控制单元CE承载。
可选地，所述第二目标条件包括以下至少一项：
所述终端的反向传输信号的能量低于第一阈值；
所述终端的位置位于小区边缘；
所述终端发送NACK的次数超过第二阈值；
所述网络侧设备接收到所述终端发送的第一触发信息；其中，所述第一触发信息用于指示所述网络侧设备所述终端触发了分集传输。
本申请实施例中，网络侧设备在第二目标条件满足的情况下确定目标编码码字的实现方式可以包括：网络侧设备在第二目标条件满足的情况下，基于所述终端的能力信息和/或信道状态信息，确定所述目标编码码字。
可选地，网络侧设备在第二目标条件满足的情况下，向所述终端发送第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息，用于指示所述终端在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
可选地，所述第三指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
1)用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的时间或周期的信息；
2)用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的序列的信息；
3)用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的频率、带宽或频移的信息。
下面通过4个具体的实施例，分别对上述4种情景进行示例性说明：
情景1、网络触发终端分集传输，网络确定并指示码本。
图4是本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法的信令交互示意图之一，如图4所示，该方法由终端和网络侧设备配合实施，该方法包括步骤401-410；其中：
步骤401、终端向网络侧设备上报终端能力信息。
可选地，终端包括BSC UE；所述终端能力信息包括以下至少一项：所述BSC UE支持的调制方式、所述BSC UE的天线能力。
步骤402、网络侧设备根据终端能力信息，确定调制方式、信道编解码方式及数据传输调度方式。
步骤403、网络侧设备在第二目标条件满足的情况下，决定触发终端进行发射分集传输。
可选地，所述第二目标条件包括以下至少一项：所述终端的反向传输信号的能量低于第一阈值；终端的位置位于小区边缘；终端发送否定确认NACK的次数超过第二阈值。
步骤404、网络侧设备向所述终端发送第二触发信息；其中，所述第二触发信息用于触发终端分集传输。
步骤405、网络侧设备向所述终端发送第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息，用于指示所述终端在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
可选地，所述第三指示信息中包括以下至少一项：用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的时间或工作周期的信息；用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的序列的信息；用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的频率、带宽或频移的信息。
可选地，所述第三指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：第三指示信息通过DCI承载；第三指示信息通过前导序列承载；第三指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID加扰或与BSC UE ID相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；第三指示信息通过MAC CE承载。
步骤406、终端接收所述网络侧设备发送的第三指示信息之后，所述终端基于所述第三指示信息，在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
可选地，终端基于所述第三指示信息，在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号的实现方式可以包括：终端基于所述第三指示信息，在不同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号；终端基于所述第三指示信息，在相同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号，且在不同发射天线上 发送的测量参考信号均经过与对应天线的索引信息相关的随机数加扰处理过。
步骤407、网络侧设备基于所述终端的能力信息和/或信道状态信息，确定所述目标编码码字；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
步骤408、网络侧设备向终端发送第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字。
需要说明的是，第二触发信息和第一指示信息可以统一承载，即同时承载于一条信令中；也可以独立承载，即通过不同的信令进行承载。
或者，第二触发信息和第三指示信息可以统一承载，即同时承载于一条信令中；也可以独立承载，即通过不同的信令进行承载。
可选地，所述第一指示信息中包括以下至少一项：发射分集阶数和码字矩阵指示符；码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不限定步骤404、步骤405和步骤408之间的执行顺序，可以先执行步骤404、步骤405和步骤408中的任意一个步骤，也可以同时执行各步骤。
步骤409、终端基于所述第一指示信息，确定所述目标编码码字。
步骤410、终端基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输。
可选地，所述第一指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：所述第一指示消息通过DCI承载；所述第一指示信息通过前导序列承载；所述第一指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID或与BSC UE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；4)所述第一指示信息通过MAC CE承载。可以理解的，DCI可以为新设计的DCI  format，或复用已有DCI。
本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法中，网络侧设备确定满足目标编码结构的目标编码码字，并将目标编码码字发送给终端，指示终端使用目标编码码字进行多天线发射分集传输，该目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵；相比于相关技术，本申请实施例基于该目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字不但能够保证分集增益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，有效地降低检测错误概率。
情景2、终端触发终端分集传输；网络确定并指示码本。
图5是本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法的信令交互示意图之二，如图5所示，该方法由终端和网络侧设备配合实施，该方法包括步骤501-510；其中：
步骤501、终端向网络侧设备上报终端能力信息。
可选地，终端包括BSC UE；所述终端能力信息包括以下至少一项：所述BSC UE支持的调制方式、所述BSC UE的天线能力。
步骤502、网络侧设备根据终端能力信息，确定调制方式、信道编解码方式及数据传输调度方式。
步骤503、终端在第一目标条件满足的情况下，决定触发发射分集传输。
步骤504、终端向所述网络侧设备发送第一触发信息；其中，所述第一触发信息用于指示所述网络侧设备所述终端触发分集传输。
步骤505、网络侧设备向所述终端发送第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息，用于指示所述终端在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
可选地，所述第三指示信息中包括以下至少一项：用于指示所述终端在 所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的时间或工作周期的信息；用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的序列的信息；用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的频率、带宽或频移的信息。
可选地，所述第三指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：第三指示信息通过DCI承载；第三指示信息通过前导序列承载；第三指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID加扰或与BSC UE ID相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；第三指示信息通过MAC CE承载。
步骤506、终端接收所述网络侧设备发送的第三指示信息之后，所述终端基于所述第三指示信息，在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
可选地，终端基于所述第三指示信息，在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号的实现方式可以包括：终端基于所述第三指示信息，在不同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号；终端基于所述第三指示信息，在相同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号，且在不同发射天线上发送的测量参考信号均经过与对应天线的索引信息相关的随机数加扰处理过。
步骤507、网络侧设备基于所述终端的能力信息和/或信道状态信息，确定所述目标编码码字；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
步骤508、网络侧设备向终端发送第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字。
可选地，所述第一指示信息中包括以下至少一项：发射分集阶数和码字 矩阵指示符；码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不限定步骤505和步骤508之间的执行顺序，可以先执行步骤505和步骤508中的任意一个步骤，也可以同时执行各步骤。
步骤509、终端基于所述第一指示信息，确定所述目标编码码字。
步骤510、终端基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输。
可选地，所述第一指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：所述第一指示消息通过DCI承载；所述第一指示信息通过前导序列承载；所述第一指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID或与BSCUE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；所述第一指示信息通过MAC CE承载。可以理解的，DCI可以为新设计的DCI format，或复用已有DCI。
本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法中，网络侧设备确定满足目标编码结构的目标编码码字，并将目标编码码字发送给终端，指示终端使用目标编码码字进行多天线发射分集传输，该目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵；相比于相关技术，本申请实施例基于该目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字不但能够保证分集增益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，有效地降低检测错误概率。
情景3、网络触发终端分集传输；终端确定并指示码本。
图6是本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法的信令交互示意图之三，如图6所示，该方法包括步骤601-609；其中：
步骤601、终端向网络侧设备上报终端能力信息。
可选地，所述终端包括BSC UE；所述终端能力信息包括以下至少一项：所述BSC UE支持的调制方式、所述BSC UE的天线能力。
步骤602、网络侧设备根据终端能力信息，确定调制方式、信道编解码方式及数据传输调度方式。
步骤603、网络侧设备在第二目标条件满足的情况下，决定触发终端进行发射分集传输。
可选地，所述第二目标条件包括以下至少一项：所述终端的反向传输信号的能量低于第一阈值；所述终端的位置位于小区边缘；所述终端发送否定确认NACK的次数超过第二阈值。
步骤604、网络侧设备向所述终端发送第二触发信息；其中，所述第二触发信息用于触发终端分集传输。
步骤605、网络侧设备向所述终端发送第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息，用于指示所述终端在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
需要说明的是，第二触发信息与第三指示信息可以统一承载，即同时承载于一条信令中，也可以各自独立承载。
可选地，所述第三指示信息中包括以下至少一项：用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的时间或工作周期的信息；用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的序列的信息；用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的频率、带宽或频移的信息。
可选地，所述第三指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：第三指示信息通过DCI承载；第三指示信息通过前导序列承载；第三指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID加扰或与BSC UE ID相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；第三指示信息通过MAC CE承载。
步骤606、终端接收所述网络侧设备发送的第三指示信息之后，所述终端基于所述第三指示信息，在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
可选地，终端基于所述第三指示信息，在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号的实现方式可以包括：终端基于所述第三指示信息，在不同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号；终端基于所述第三指示信息，在相同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号，且在不同发射天线上发送的测量参考信号均经过与对应天线的索引信息相关的随机数加扰处理过。
步骤607、终端基于所述终端的能力信息和/或信道状态信息，确定所述目标编码码字；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
步骤608、终端向网络侧设备发送第二指示信息；其中，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字。
可选地，所述第二指示信息中包括以下至少一项：发射分集阶数和码字矩阵指示符；码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。
可选地，第二指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：所述第二指示信息通过MAC CE承载；所述第二指示信息通过前导码承载；所述第二指示信息通过序列承载。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不限定步骤604和步骤605之间的执行顺序，可以先执行步骤604和步骤605中的任意一个步骤，也可以同时执行各步骤。
步骤609、终端基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输。
本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法中，终端自主确定满足目标编码结构的目标编码码字，并将目标编码码字发送给网络侧设备。该目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、 第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵；相比于相关技术，本申请实施例基于该目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字不但能够保证分集增益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，有效地降低检测错误概率。
情景4、终端触发终端分集传输；终端确定并指示码本。
图7是本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法的信令交互示意图之四，如图7所示，该方法包括步骤701-709；其中：
步骤701、终端向网络侧设备上报终端能力信息。
可选地，所述终端包括BSC UE；所述终端能力信息包括以下至少一项：所述BSC UE支持的调制方式、所述BSC UE的天线能力。
步骤702、网络侧设备根据终端能力信息，确定调制方式、信道编解码方式及数据传输调度方式。
步骤703、终端在第一目标条件满足的情况下，决定触发发射分集传输。
步骤704、终端向所述网络侧设备发送第一触发信息；其中，所述第一触发信息用于指示所述网络侧设备所述终端触发分集传输。
步骤705、网络侧设备向所述终端发送第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息，用于指示所述终端在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
可选地，所述第三指示信息中包括以下至少一项：用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的时间或工作周期的信息；用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的序列的信息；用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的频率、带宽或频移的信息。
可选地，所述第三指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：第三指示信息通过DCI承载；第三指示信息通过前导序列承载；第三指示信息通过信号 序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID加扰或与BSC UE ID相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；第三指示信息通过MAC CE承载。
步骤706、终端接收所述网络侧设备发送的第三指示信息之后，所述终端基于所述第三指示信息，在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
可选地，终端基于所述第三指示信息，在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号的实现方式可以包括：终端基于所述第三指示信息，在不同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号；终端基于所述第三指示信息，在相同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号，且在不同发射天线上发送的测量参考信号均经过与对应天线的索引信息相关的随机数加扰处理过。
步骤707、终端基于所述终端的能力信息和/或信道状态信息，确定所述目标编码码字；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
步骤708、终端向网络侧设备发送第二指示信息；其中，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字。
需要说明的是，第一触发信息与第二指示信息可以统一承载，即同时承载于一条信令中，也可以各自独立承载。
可选地，所述第二指示信息中包括以下至少一项：发射分集阶数和码字矩阵指示符；码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。
可选地，第二指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：所述第二指示信息通过MAC CE承载；所述第二指示信息通过前导码承载；所述第二指示信息通过序列承载。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不限定步骤704和步骤708之间的执行顺序，可以先执行步骤704和步骤708中的任意一个步骤，也可以同时执行各步骤。
步骤709、终端基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输。
本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法中，终端自主确定满足目标编码结构的目标编码码字，并将目标编码码字发送给网络侧设备。该目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵；相比于相关技术，本申请实施例基于该目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字不但能够保证分集增益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，有效地降低检测错误概率。
本申请实施例提供的分集传输方法，执行主体可以为分集传输装置。本申请实施例中以分集传输装置执行分集传输方法为例，说明本申请实施例提供的分集传输装置。
图8是本申请实施例提供的分集传输装置的结构示意图之一，如图8所示，该分集传输装置800，应用于终端，包括：第一确定模块801及传输模块802，其中：
第一确定模块801，用于确定目标编码码字；
传输模块802，用于基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元 素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
本申请实施例提供的分集传输装置中，通过确定并使用满足目标编码结构的目标编码码字进行多天线发射分集传输，该目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵；相比于相关技术，本申请实施例基于该目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字不但能够保证分集增益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，有效地降低检测错误概率。
可选地，所述目标编码结构表示为S；
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000045
其中，所述S中的元素包括S 12、S 34、
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000046
及
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000047
S 12为所述第一基础元素，S 34为所述第二基础元素，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000048
为所述第二生成元素，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000049
为所述第一生成元素；所述S 12、S 34、
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000050
及
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000051
满足以下至少一项：
在所述N等于2的情况下，所述S 12、S 34、
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000052
及
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000053
均为复数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000054
为S 34的共轭复数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000055
为S 12的共轭复数的相反数；
在所述N大于2的情况下，所述S 12、S 34、
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000056
及
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000057
均是维度为L×L的块状矩阵，L＝N/2，各所述块状矩阵中的元素均为复数，1＜L＜N；
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000058
为S 34的共轭矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000059
为S 12的共轭矩阵的相反数。
可选地，在所述N等于2，S 12＝s 1，S 34＝s 2，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000060
的情况下，所述目标编码码字为S 2；
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000061
其中，所述S 2中的元素均为复数；
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000062
为s 2的共轭复数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000063
为s 1的共轭复数的相反数。
可选地，在所述N等于4，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000064
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000065
的情况下，所述目标编码码字为S 4；
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000066
其中，所述S 4中的元素均为复数；
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000067
为s 2的共轭复数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000068
为s 3的共轭复数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000069
为s 4的共轭复数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000070
为s 1的共轭复数的相反数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000071
为s 2的共轭复数的相反数，
Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-000072
为s 3的共轭复数的相反数，-s 2为s 2的相反数，-s 3为s 3的相反数。
可选地，第一确定模块801，具体用于：
接收网络侧设备发送的第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示目标编码码字；
基于所述第一指示信息，确定所述目标编码码字。
可选地，所述第一指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
发射分集阶数和码字矩阵指示符；
码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。
可选地，所述第一指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
所述第一指示消息通过下行控制信息DCI承载；
所述第一指示信息通过前导序列承载；
所述第一指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过反向散射通信设备标识BSC UE ID或与BSC UE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
所述第一指示信息通过媒质接入控制MAC控制单元CE承载。
可选地，第一确定模块801，具体用于基于所述终端的能力信息和/或信道状态信息，确定所述目标编码码字。
可选地，所述分集传输装置800还包括：
第二发送模块，用于向所述网络侧设备发送第二指示信息；其中，所述 第二指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字。
可选地，所述第二指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
发射分集阶数和码字矩阵指示符；
码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。
可选地，所述第二指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
所述第二指示信息通过MAC CE承载；
所述第二指示信息通过前导码承载；
所述第二指示信息通过序列承载。
可选地，第一确定模块801，具体用于在第一目标条件满足的情况下，确定所述目标编码码字。
可选地，所述分集传输装置800还包括：
第三发送模块，用于在第一目标条件满足的情况下，向所述网络侧设备发送第一触发信息；其中，所述第一触发信息用于指示所述网络侧设备触发所述终端进行分集传输。
可选地，所述第一目标条件包括以下至少一项：
所述终端的反向传输信号的能量低于第一阈值；
所述终端的位置位于小区边缘；
所述终端发送否定确认NACK的次数超过第二阈值；
下行接收信号的能量低于第三阈值。
可选地，所述分集传输装置800还包括：
第一接收模块，用于接收网络侧设备发送的第二触发信息；其中，所述第二触发信息用于触发终端分集传输。
可选地，所述第二触发信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
所述第二触发消息通过DCI承载；
所述第二触发信息通过前导序列承载；
所述第二触发信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID或与BSC UE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID 的信号序列；
所述第二触发信息通过MAC CE承载。
可选地，所述分集传输装置800还包括：
第二接收模块，用于接收所述网络侧设备发送的第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息，用于指示所述终端在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号；
第四发送模块，用于基于所述第三指示信息，在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
可选地，第四发送模块，具体用于：
基于所述第三指示信息，在不同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号；或者，
基于所述第三指示信息，在相同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号，且在不同发射天线上发送的测量参考信号均经过与对应天线的索引信息相关的随机数加扰处理过。
可选地，所述第三指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的时间或工作周期的信息；
用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的序列的信息；
用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的频率、带宽或频移的信息。
可选地，所述第三指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
第三指示信息通过DCI承载；
第三指示信息通过前导序列承载；
第三指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UEID加扰或与BSC UE ID相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
第三指示信息通过MAC CE承载。
本申请实施例中的分集传输装置可以是电子设备，例如具有操作系统的电子设备，也可以是电子设备中的部件，例如集成电路或芯片。该电子设备可以是终端，也可以为除终端之外的其他设备。示例性的，终端可以包括但不限于上述所列举的终端11的类型，其他设备可以为服务器、网络附属存储器(Network Attached Storage，NAS)等，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
本申请实施例提供的分集传输装置能够实现图2的方法实施例实现的各个过程，并达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
图9是本申请实施例提供的分集传输装置的结构示意图之二，如图9所示，该分集传输装置900，应用于网络侧设备，包括：第二确定模块901及第一发送模块902，其中：
第二确定模块901，用于确定目标编码码字；
第一发送模块902，用于向终端发送第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
本申请实施例提供的分集传输装置中，通过确定满足目标编码结构的目标编码码字，并将目标编码码字发送给终端，指示终端使用目标编码码字进行多天线发射分集传输，该目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵；相比于相关技术，本申请实施例基于该目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字不但能够保证分集增 益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，有效地降低检测错误概率。
可选地，所述第一指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
发射分集阶数和码字矩阵指示符；
码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。
可选地，所述第一指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
所述第一指示消息通过下行控制信息DCI承载；
所述第一指示信息通过前导序列承载；
所述第一指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过反向散射通信设备标识BSC UE ID或与BSC UE ID相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
所述第一指示信息通过媒质接入控制MAC控制单元CE承载。
可选地，第二确定模块901，具体用于在第二目标条件满足的情况下，基于所述终端的能力信息和/或信道状态信息，确定所述目标编码码字。
可选地，所述第二目标条件包括以下至少一项：
所述终端的反向传输信号的能量低于第一阈值；
所述终端的位置位于小区边缘；
所述终端发送否定确认NACK的次数超过第二阈值；
所述网络侧设备接收到所述终端发送的第一触发信息；其中，所述第一触发信息用于指示所述网络侧设备触发所述终端进行分集传输。
可选地，所述第一触发信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
所述第一触发信息通过前导序列承载；
所述第一触发信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID或与BSC UE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
所述第一触发信息通过MAC CE承载。
可选地，所述分集传输装置900还包括：
第五发送模块，用于在第二目标条件满足的情况下，向所述终端发送第二触发信息；其中，所述第二触发信息用于触发终端分集传输。
可选地，所述第二触发信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
所述第二触发消息通过DCI承载；
所述第二触发信息通过前导序列承载；
所述第二触发信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID或与BSC UE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
所述第二触发信息通过MAC CE承载。
可选地，所述分集传输装置900还包括：
第六发送模块，用于在第二目标条件满足的情况下，向所述终端发送第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息，用于指示所述终端在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
可选地，所述第三指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的时间或周期的信息；
用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的序列的信息；
用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的频率、带宽或频移的信息。
本申请实施例提供的分集传输装置能够实现图3的方法实施例实现的各个过程，并达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
本申请实施例中的分集传输装置可以是电子设备，也可以是电子设备中的部件，例如集成电路或芯片。该电子设备可以是终端，也可以为除终端之外的其他设备。示例性的，电子设备可以为手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、 掌上电脑、车载电子设备、移动上网装置(Mobile Internet Device，MID)、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)/虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、机器人、可穿戴设备、超级移动个人计算机(ultra-mobile personal computer，UMPC)、上网本或者个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)等，还可以为服务器、网络附属存储器(Network Attached Storage，NAS)、个人计算机(personal computer，PC)、电视机(television，TV)、柜员机或者自助机等，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
本申请实施例中的分集传输装置可以为具有操作系统的装置。该操作系统可以为安卓(Android)操作系统，可以为ios操作系统，还可以为其他可能的操作系统，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
图10是本申请实施例提供的通信设备的结构示意图，如图10所示，该通信设备1000，包括处理器1001和存储器1002，存储器1002上存储有可在所述处理器1001上运行的程序或指令，例如，该通信设备1000为终端时，该程序或指令被处理器1001执行时实现上述分集传输方法实施例的各个步骤，且能达到相同的技术效果。该通信设备1000为网络侧设备时，该程序或指令被处理器1001执行时实现上述分集传输方法实施例的各个步骤，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种终端，包括处理器和通信接口，其中，所述处理器用于确定目标编码码字；所述通信接口用于基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
该终端实施例与上述终端侧方法实施例对应，上述方法实施例的各个实 施过程和实现方式均可适用于该终端实施例中，且能达到相同的技术效果。
图11是本申请实施例提供的终端的结构示意图，如图11所示，该终端1100包括但不限于：射频单元1101、网络模块1102、音频输出单元1103、输入单元1104、传感器1105、显示单元1106、用户输入单元1107、接口单元1108、存储器1109以及处理器1110等中的至少部分部件。
本领域技术人员可以理解，终端1100还可以包括给各个部件供电的电源(比如电池)，电源可以通过电源管理系统与处理器1110逻辑相连，从而通过电源管理系统实现管理充电、放电、以及功耗管理等功能。图11中示出的终端结构并不构成对终端的限定，终端可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置，在此不再赘述。
应理解的是，本申请实施例中，输入单元1104可以包括图形处理单元(Graphics Processing Unit，GPU)11041和麦克风11042，图形处理器11041对在视频捕获模式或图像捕获模式中由图像捕获装置(如摄像头)获得的静态图片或视频的图像数据进行处理。显示单元1106可包括显示面板11061，可以采用液晶显示器、有机发光二极管等形式来配置显示面板11061。用户输入单元1107包括触控面板11071以及其他输入设备11072中的至少一种。触控面板11071，也称为触摸屏。触控面板11071可包括触摸检测装置和触摸控制器两个部分。其他输入设备11072可以包括但不限于物理键盘、功能键(比如音量控制按键、开关按键等)、轨迹球、鼠标、操作杆，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，射频单元1101接收来自网络侧设备的下行数据后，可以传输给处理器1110进行处理；另外，射频单元1101可以向网络侧设备发送上行数据。通常，射频单元1101包括但不限于天线、放大器、收发信机、耦合器、低噪声放大器、双工器等。
存储器1109可用于存储软件程序或指令以及各种数据。存储器1109可主要包括存储程序或指令的第一存储区和存储数据的第二存储区，其中，第一存储区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序或指令(比如声音播放功能、图像播放功能等)等。此外，存储器1109可以包括易失性存储器 或非易失性存储器，或者，存储器1109可以包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDRSDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synch link DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DRRAM)。本申请实施例中的存储器1109包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
处理器1110可包括一个或多个处理单元；可选的，处理器1110集成应用处理器和调制解调处理器，其中，应用处理器主要处理涉及操作系统、用户界面和应用程序等的操作，调制解调处理器主要处理无线通信信号，如基带处理器。可以理解的是，上述调制解调处理器也可以不集成到处理器1110中。
其中，处理器1110，用于确定目标编码码字；
射频单元1101，用于基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
本申请实施例提供的终端，通过确定并使用满足目标编码结构的目标编 码码字进行多天线发射分集传输，该目标编码码字是维度为的编码矩阵；目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵；相比于相关技术，本申请实施例基于该目标编码结构设计的目标编码码字不但能够保证分集增益的同时，而且能够减少每根天线上所需要的反射系数的种类，即能够减少每根天线上所需要的负载阻抗的种类，从而实现降低系统实现复杂度，有效地降低检测错误概率。
本申请实施例还提供一种网络侧设备，包括处理器和通信接口，其中，所述处理器用于在第二目标条件满足的情况下，确定目标编码码字；所述通信接口用于向终端发送第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字；
其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；
所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
该网络侧设备实施例与上述网络侧设备方法实施例对应，上述方法实施例的各个实施过程和实现方式均可适用于该网络侧设备实施例中，且能达到相同的技术效果。
图12是本申请实施例提供的网络侧设备的结构示意图，如图12所示，该网络侧设备1200包括：天线1201、射频装置1202、基带装置1203、处理器1204和存储器1205。天线1201与射频装置1202连接。在上行方向上，射频装置1202通过天线1201接收信息，将接收的信息发送给基带装置1203进行处理。在下行方向上，基带装置1203对要发送的信息进行处理，并发送 给射频装置1202，射频装置1202对收到的信息进行处理后经过天线1201发送出去。
以上实施例中网络侧设备执行的方法可以在基带装置1203中实现，该基带装置1203包括基带处理器。
基带装置1203例如可以包括至少一个基带板，该基带板上设置有多个芯片，如图12所示，其中一个芯片例如为基带处理器，通过总线接口与存储器1205连接，以调用存储器1205中的程序，执行以上方法实施例中所示的网络设备操作。
该网络侧设备还可以包括网络接口1206，该接口例如为通用公共无线接口(common public radio interface，CPRI)。
具体地，本发明实施例的网络侧设备1200还包括：存储在存储器1205上并可在处理器1204上运行的指令或程序，处理器1204调用存储器1205中的指令或程序执行图7所示各模块执行的方法，并达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，故不在此赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种分集传输系统，包括：终端及网络侧设备，所述终端可用于执行如上所述的分集传输方法的步骤，所述网络侧设备可用于执行如上所述的分集传输方法的步骤。
本申请实施例还提供一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质可以是以易失性的，也可以是非易失性的，所述可读存储介质上存储有程序或指令，该程序或指令被处理器执行时实现上述分集传输方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
其中，所述处理器为上述实施例中所述的终端中的处理器。所述可读存储介质，包括计算机可读存储介质，如计算机只读存储器ROM、随机存取存储器RAM、磁碟或者光盘等。
本申请实施例另提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行程序或指令，实现上述分集传输方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复， 这里不再赘述。
应理解，本申请实施例提到的芯片还可以称为系统级芯片，系统芯片，芯片系统或片上系统芯片等。
本申请实施例另提供了一种计算机程序/程序产品，所述计算机程序/程序产品被存储在存储介质中，所述计算机程序/程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现上述分集传输方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个......”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。此外，需要指出的是，本申请实施方式中的方法和装置的范围不限按示出或讨论的顺序来执行功能，还可包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序来执行功能，例如，可以按不同于所描述的次序来执行所描述的方法，并且还可以添加、省去、或组合各种步骤。另外，参照某些示例所描述的特征可在其他示例中被组合。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到上述实施例方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以计算机软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端(可以是手机，计算机，服务器，空调器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述的方法。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述，但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的， 本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下，在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本申请的保护之内。

Claims (35)

  1. 一种分集传输方法，包括：
    终端确定目标编码码字；
    所述终端基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输；
    其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述目标编码结构表示为S；
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100001
    其中，所述S中的元素包括S 12、S 34、
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100002
    及
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100003
    S 12为所述第一基础元素，S 34为所述第二基础元素，
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100004
    为所述第二生成元素，
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100005
    为所述第一生成元素；所述S 12、S 34、
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100006
    及
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100007
    满足以下至少一项：
    在所述N等于2的情况下，所述S 12、S 34、
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100008
    及
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100009
    均为复数，
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100010
    为S 34的共轭复数，
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100011
    为S 12的共轭复数的相反数；
    在所述N大于2的情况下，所述S 12、S 34、
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100012
    及
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100013
    均是维度为L×L的块状矩阵，L＝N/2，各所述块状矩阵中的元素均为复数，1＜L＜N；
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100014
    为S 34的共轭矩阵，
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100015
    为S 12的共轭矩阵的相反数。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的分集传输方法，其中，
    在所述N等于4，
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100016
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100017
    的情况下，所述目标编码码字为S 4；
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100018
    其中，所述S 4中的元素均为复数；
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100019
    为s 2的共轭复数，
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100020
    为s 3的共轭复数，
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100021
    为s 4的共轭复数，
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100022
    为s 1的共轭复数的相反数，
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100023
    为s 2的共轭复数的相反数，
    Figure PCTCN2022136286-appb-100024
    为s 3的共轭复数的相反数，-s 2为s 2的相反数，-s 3为s 3的相反数。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述终端确定目标编码码字，包括：
    所述终端接收网络侧设备发送的第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示目标编码码字；
    所述终端基于所述第一指示信息，确定所述目标编码码字。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第一指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
    发射分集阶数和码字矩阵指示符；
    码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第一指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
    所述第一指示消息通过下行控制信息DCI承载；
    所述第一指示信息通过前导序列承载；
    所述第一指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过反向散射通信设备标识BSC UE ID或与BSC UE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
    所述第一指示信息通过媒质接入控制MAC控制单元CE承载。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述终端确定目标编码码字，包括：
    所述终端基于所述终端的能力信息和/或信道状态信息，确定所述目标编码码字。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端向所述网络侧设备发送第二指示信息；其中，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第二指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
    发射分集阶数和码字矩阵指示符；
    码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第二指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
    所述第二指示信息通过MAC CE承载；
    所述第二指示信息通过前导码承载；
    所述第二指示信息通过序列承载。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述终端确定目标编码码字，包括：
    所述终端在第一目标条件满足的情况下，确定所述目标编码码字。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端在第一目标条件满足的情况下，向所述网络侧设备发送第一触发信息；其中，所述第一触发信息用于指示所述网络侧设备所述终端触发分集传输。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第一触发信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
    所述第一触发信息通过前导序列承载；
    所述第一触发信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID或与BSC UE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
    所述第一触发信息通过MAC CE承载。
  14. 根据权利要求11或12所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第一目标 条件包括以下至少一项：
    所述终端的反向传输信号的能量低于第一阈值；
    所述终端的位置位于小区边缘；
    所述终端发送否定确认NACK的次数超过第二阈值；
    下行接收信号的能量低于第三阈值。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端接收网络侧设备发送的第二触发信息；其中，所述第二触发信息用于触发终端分集传输。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第二触发信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
    所述第二触发消息通过DCI承载；
    所述第二触发信息通过前导序列承载；
    所述第二触发信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID或与BSC UE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
    所述第二触发信息通过MAC CE承载。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端接收所述网络侧设备发送的第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息，用于指示所述终端在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号；
    所述终端基于所述第三指示信息，在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述终端基于所述第三指示信息，在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号，包括：
    所述终端基于所述第三指示信息，在不同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号；或者，
    所述终端基于所述第三指示信息，在相同时间在所述M个发射天线上分别发送测量参考信号，且在不同发射天线上发送的测量参考信号均经过与对应天线的索引信息相关的随机数加扰处理过。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第三指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
    用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的时间或工作周期的信息；
    用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的序列的信息；
    用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的频率、带宽或频移的信息。
  20. 根据权利要求17-19任一项所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第三指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
    第三指示信息通过DCI承载；
    第三指示信息通过前导序列承载；
    第三指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID加扰或与BSC UE ID相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
    第三指示信息通过MAC CE承载。
  21. 一种分集传输方法，包括：
    网络侧设备确定目标编码码字；
    所述网络侧设备向终端发送第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字；
    其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第一指示信息中 包括以下至少一项：
    发射分集阶数和码字矩阵指示符；
    码本维度指示信息和码字矩阵指示符。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第一指示信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
    所述第一指示消息通过下行控制信息DCI承载；
    所述第一指示信息通过前导序列承载；
    所述第一指示信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过反向散射通信设备标识BSC UE ID或与BSC UE ID相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
    所述第一指示信息通过媒质接入控制MAC控制单元CE承载。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述网络侧设备确定目标编码码字，包括：
    所述网络侧设备在第二目标条件满足的情况下，基于所述终端的能力信息和/或信道状态信息，确定所述目标编码码字。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第二目标条件包括以下至少一项：
    所述终端的反向传输信号的能量低于第一阈值；
    所述终端的位置位于小区边缘；
    所述终端发送否定确认NACK的次数超过第二阈值；
    所述网络侧设备接收到所述终端发送的第一触发信息；其中，所述第一触发信息用于指示所述网络侧设备所述终端触发分集传输。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第一触发信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
    所述第一触发信息通过前导序列承载；
    所述第一触发信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID或与BSC UE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID 的信号序列；
    所述第一触发信息通过MAC CE承载。
  27. 根据权利要求21所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络侧设备在第二目标条件满足的情况下，向所述终端发送第二触发信息；其中，所述第二触发信息用于触发终端分集传输。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第二触发信息的承载方式包括以下其中一项：
    所述第二触发消息通过DCI承载；
    所述第二触发信息通过前导序列承载；
    所述第二触发信息通过信号序列承载；其中，所述信号序列包括：经过BSC UE ID或与BSC UE相关的随机数加扰的信号序列，或携带BSC UE ID的信号序列；
    所述第二触发信息通过MAC CE承载。
  29. 根据权利要求21所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络侧设备在第二目标条件满足的情况下，向所述终端发送第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息，用于指示所述终端在M个发射天线上发送测量参考信号。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的分集传输方法，其中，所述第三指示信息中包括以下至少一项：
    用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的时间或周期的信息；
    用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的序列的信息；
    用于指示所述终端在所述M个发射天线中每个天线上发送的测量参考信号的频率、带宽或频移的信息。
  31. 一种分集传输装置，应用于终端，包括：
    第一确定模块，用于确定目标编码码字；
    传输模块，用于基于所述目标编码码字进行分集传输；
    其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
  32. 一种分集传输装置，应用于网络侧设备，包括：
    第二确定模块，用于确定目标编码码字；
    第一发送模块，用于向终端发送第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述目标编码码字；
    其中，所述目标编码码字满足目标编码结构；所述目标编码码字是维度为N×N的编码矩阵；N＝2 k，k为正整数；所述目标编码结构包括：第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素；所述第一生成元素为所述第一基础元素的共轭运算结果的相反数，所述第二生成元素为所述第二基础元素的共轭运算结果；所述第一基础元素、第二基础元素、第一生成元素和第二生成元素为复数或块状矩阵。
  33. 一种终端，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器存储可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至20任一项所述的分集传输方法的步骤。
  34. 一种网络侧设备，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器存储可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求21至30任一项所述的分集传输方法的步骤。
  35. 一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令，所述程序或指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1-20任一项所述的分集传输方法，或者实现如权利要求21至30任一项所述的分集传输方法的步骤。
PCT/CN2022/136286 2021-12-07 2022-12-02 分集传输方法、终端及网络侧设备 WO2023103912A1 (zh)

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US20040252779A1 (en) * 2001-08-13 2004-12-16 Rouquette Stephanie Pascale Transit diversity wireless communication
CN101494488A (zh) * 2008-01-23 2009-07-29 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 一种通过极化天线传输数据的方法及装置
CN109842463A (zh) * 2017-11-27 2019-06-04 深圳超级数据链技术有限公司 数据传输方法、装置、存储介质及处理器

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040252779A1 (en) * 2001-08-13 2004-12-16 Rouquette Stephanie Pascale Transit diversity wireless communication
CN101494488A (zh) * 2008-01-23 2009-07-29 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 一种通过极化天线传输数据的方法及装置
CN109842463A (zh) * 2017-11-27 2019-06-04 深圳超级数据链技术有限公司 数据传输方法、装置、存储介质及处理器

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