WO2023102586A1

WO2023102586A1 - Spatial unit

Info

Publication number: WO2023102586A1
Application number: PCT/AT2022/060428
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rainer SCHEIDLE
Original assignee: Boxxes Gmbh
Priority date: 2021-12-07
Filing date: 2022-12-06
Publication date: 2023-06-15
Also published as: AT525568B1; AT525568A4

Abstract

In a spatial unit (1) comprising at least one wall element (3), which on an inner side delimits an interior (2) and on an outer side delimits a shaft (4), provision is made that a mounting portion (10) of the shaft (4) and the interior (2) are connected via a passage extending through the wall element (3), wherein the mounting portion (10) is separated from a portion of the shaft (4) arranged beneath it by a fireproof bulkhead (6) arranged in the shaft (4).

Description

room cell

The invention relates to a room cell, comprising at least one wall element, which delimits an interior space on an inner side and delimits a shaft on an outer side.

Cells of the type mentioned for the construction of buildings are known from the prior art, which are first prefabricated and then brought to their installation site. There, the individual room cells are joined together, which means that the construction of the building on site is significantly simplified and, in particular, shortened compared to conventional buildings that are made of brick, for example.

In this context, room cells that have to have line connections, e.g. room cells intended as bathrooms or kitchens, represent a particular challenge. In such room cells, lines, for example water pipes, are provided in a vertical shaft, which connect the room cell to the local connections. Since the shaft is several stories high, firewalls must be provided to separate the individual stories from one another in terms of fire protection. This is to prevent fire and combustion gases from getting through the shaft from one floor to the floor above or below in the event of a fire.

Such a room cell is known from DE 202012008399 D1. Fire bulkheads are arranged in the shafts at the height of the respective false ceiling in order to separate one floor from the floor above in terms of fire protection. The lines in the shaft are routed through the firewall and sealed accordingly.

The disadvantage of the known arrangement in the false ceiling, however, is that lateral accessibility of the line connections is required for assembly, in particular for the arrangement of the bulkheads and for the connection of the lines is. However, if this is not possible due to the structural conditions, e.g. if the room unit has to be attached to an existing partition wall, the installation of the firewalls or the connection of the lines cannot be carried out easily. In addition, this restricts the architect's freedom of design when planning houses consisting of room cells.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a room cell of the type mentioned at the outset, in which flexible and simple installation of the firewall and the line connections is possible. In particular, a room cell should be created that allows greater flexibility in planning and a greater degree of prefabrication.

According to the invention, in a room cell of the type mentioned at the outset, a mounting section of the shaft and the interior are connected via a passage running through the wall element, with the mounting section being separated from a section of the shaft arranged underneath by a firewall arranged in the shaft. This arrangement makes it possible to have access to the installation section of the shaft from the side of the interior through the passage and therefore to be able to arrange a firewall inside the shaft through this passage and to be able to connect the lines arranged in the shaft to one another. The firewall is here arranged in the vertical direction below the assembly section and thus also below a ceiling of the interior. The fire separation between the individual floors is therefore not at the level of the ceiling itself, but below it, at the level of the interior.

The passage is delimited or formed at least in sections by a wall opening in the wall element.

It is preferably provided here that the firewall is arranged at a height of approximately 40 to 120 cm, particularly preferably approximately 60 to 100 cm, below the upper edge of the wall element. On the one hand, this height makes it possible for the Passage is formed in the upper part of the wall element and thus relatively close to the ceiling, and on the other hand that sufficient space is available so that a user has easy access to the mounting area.

The firewall preferably consists of a material suitable for fire protection, for example a wooden material, particularly preferably cross-laminated timber. Cross laminated timber is particularly fire-resistant and can, for example, be designed in three layers. The firewall is preferably 8 to 15 cm thick, particularly preferably about 10 cm thick. The firewall is also preferably essentially cuboid, with the length and the width preferably essentially corresponding to the width and the length of the shaft interior. The firewall preferably lies essentially horizontally in the shaft and thus seals the mounting section from the section of the shaft lying underneath.

Provision is preferably made for the firewall to be connected to at least one side wall which essentially rests on the outer side of the wall element. The side wall preferably delimits the mounting section of the shaft. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that a section of the side wall is arranged between the firewall and the wall element. The side wall can be used to fix the firewall in the shaft at the required height.

Provision is particularly preferably made for the firewall to be connected to four side walls, with one of the side walls having a shaft opening which forms the passage. It is preferably provided here that the side walls are each arranged on the vertically running side surfaces of the firewall in order to enable a good connection between the firewall and the side walls in a simple manner. Alternatively, at least one side wall is arranged on top of the firewall. The side walls, together with the firewall, delimit the assembly section. In this embodiment, the passage is formed by the wall opening and the shaft opening. It is preferably provided that the shaft opening is formed smaller than the wall opening. The shaft opening is preferably at least 25 cm high in the vertical direction in order to ensure easy accessibility to the assembly section.

Provision is preferably made for the side walls to be connected to one another and, together with the firewall, to form a cuboid box which is open at the top. This box can, for example, be prefabricated and placed in the shaft during assembly of the room cell and fastened there. In the case of the arrangement in the shaft, the side walls are preferably in each case essentially in contact with an inside of the shaft.

The at least one side wall, preferably all side walls, is preferably formed in two layers. The side wall or side walls are also preferably made of gypsum fiber boards, which are constructed in one or more layers. Particularly preferably, the side walls each consist of at least two panels, with the outer panel being larger than the inner panel, so that a good and tight connection can be formed with the panels of the other side walls.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the shaft opening has a closure element which is designed to selectively close or open the shaft opening. The closure element can, for example, comprise a door or be designed as a door. Alternatively, the closure element can be a plate which is fastened in or in front of the shaft opening, for example with the aid of screws. The closure element is used here in particular to produce a (fireproof) separation when the necessary assembly work in the assembly section has been completed and at the same time makes it possible to access the assembly section without great effort if it is necessary.

In addition to the at least one wall element, the room cell preferably comprises one or more further wall elements which are connected to the wall element, a ceiling element and/or a floor element. Provision is preferably made for the at least one side wall to protrude upwards out of the shaft of the cell when installed in the shaft. This makes it easier to connect to another room cell above it. Here, for example, a ceiling element that has a recess is used, which is placed on the wall elements of the room unit, so that the protruding side wall or the protruding side walls protrude into the recess and thus enable attachment. Provision is particularly preferably made for the ceiling element to end essentially flush with the at least one side wall when it is arranged on the room cell. The upper edge of the ceiling element and the upper edge of the side wall are essentially at the same height. This enables the connection of the room cell to the ceiling element with the aid of the side wall or the side walls, and an essentially level floor is created on which the next room cell can be arranged.

In order to fasten the firewall at the desired height, it is preferably provided that the firewall has at least one fixing element for fastening in the shaft. The fixing element can, for example, be a hook that is hooked into the shaft. The hook is preferably connected to the firewall and/or the side wall and is designed, for example, as a perforated plate. Furthermore, a perforated plate for fastening the side wall (and thus the firewall) is preferably arranged between the side wall and the inside of the wall element.

In order to ensure the attachment of the firewall in the shaft, a support element can be provided in the shaft as an alternative or in addition, which is preferably attached to the inside of the shaft. When the firewall is secured in the manhole, it rests on and is held by the support member. The support element can, for example, comprise one or more squared timbers. Provision is preferably made for at least one side wall to rest on the support element. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the wall opening can be closed. After installing the firewall in the shaft and connecting the lines in the installation area, the passage can be closed in order to separate this area from the interior, especially for fire protection reasons. The closure is preferably arranged so that it can be opened in a non-destructive manner and is designed, for example, as a plate, preferably a gypsum fiber plate. The closure can, for example, be arranged with screws in or in front of the wall opening.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the firewall has openings in which pipe elements are arranged. In this case, the tubular elements are sealed in particular with respect to the firewall so as not to reduce the tightness of the firewall and thus the fire protection effect.

In order to improve the compatibility with other room cells, it is further preferably provided that at least one of the tubular elements has a connecting element in the assembly area for connection to a further tubular element. This makes it possible to divide the connecting pipes to be arranged in the shaft into pipe elements which can each be installed separately and then connected to one another directly in the shaft.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown schematically in the drawing. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a room cell according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a shaft of a room cell according to FIG.

1, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the representation according to Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a firewall with side walls, Fig. 5 is another sectional view of the representation according to Fig.

2, FIG. 6 shows a room cell together with a floor element and FIG. 7 shows a structure consisting of two room cells.

In Fig. 1 a room cell 1 is shown, which has several wall elements. The wall elements delimit an interior space 2, the wall element 3 delimiting, on the outside facing away from the interior space 2, a shaft 4 in which vertically running lines 5 are arranged. In shaft 4 is a Firewall 6 arranged, which is box-shaped with four side walls 7 connected to each other. A shaft opening 8 is arranged in a side wall 7 and, together with a wall opening 9 arranged in the wall element 3 , forms a passage between the interior space 2 and a mounting section 10 of the shaft 4 located above the firewall 6 . Within the assembly section 10, the lines 5 have connecting means 11 in order to separate the lines 5 from one another or to connect them to one another at these points if necessary.

FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a room cell 1 according to FIG. 1 , in particular the shaft 4 . The side walls 7 connected to the fire wall 6 are each formed in two layers. On the back of the shaft 4 is delimited by further walls 12 which are, for example, pre-assembled in a fixed position. Furthermore, the firewall 6 is connected to hooks designed as fixing elements 13 which extend along the side walls 7 . The hooks are designed, for example, as perforated plates in order to enable a connection to the side wall 7 or the firewall 6 . In this view, the shaft opening 8 is closed by a closure element 14 designed as a plate and the wall opening 9 is closed by a plate 15 . In this representation, the passage is closed and the interior space 2 and the assembly section 10 are separated from one another.

FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of the representation according to FIG. 2 parallel to the wall element 3 in the direction of the interior space 2 . On the wall element 3 and the wall 12 a ceiling element 16 designed as a plate is arranged, which serves as a basis for the partially shown room cell 1 arranged above it and has a recess in the area of the shaft 4 . The firewall 6 is designed as a three-layer cross laminated timber. The fixing elements 13 designed as hooks are supported by the ceiling element 16 and fix the firewall 6 and the side walls 7 within the shaft 4. The side walls 7 are each arranged on the vertically running side surfaces of the firewall 6. In addition, a support element 17 is arranged in the shaft 4, which is designed, for example, as a squared timber and in which appropriate height is fixed in the shaft 4 to keep the firewall 6 and the side walls 7.

In Fig. 4 a fire wall 6 is shown together with side walls 7 which are connected to one another in the form of a box. The shaft opening 8 is formed in a side wall 7 . This box can be preassembled and placed in the shaft 4 in the connected state shown and then fixed. The side walls 7 each comprise two panels, the outer panel being larger than the inner panel.

FIG. 5 shows a further sectional view of the representation according to FIG. 2, the sectional plane running perpendicular to the representation according to FIG. In particular, the arrangement of a tubular element 5 in the shaft 4 and in the firewall 6 is shown.

In Fig. 6, a room cell 1 is shown together with a floor element 18 and a ceiling element 16 shown schematically. The side walls 7 protrude from the shaft of the cell 1 upwards. The ceiling element 16 has a recess 19 in which the side walls 7 are arranged in the connected state. After the ceiling element 16 has been placed on the cell 1, the upper edges of the side walls 7 and the upper edge of the ceiling element 16 are preferably substantially flush.

7 shows a structure comprising two room cells 1 arranged one above the other. The ceiling element 16 of the lower room cell 1 serves as a floor element for the upper room cell 1 . The shaft 4 runs vertically through both room cells 1 .

Claims

9 patent claims:

1. Room cell, comprising at least one wall element (3), which delimits an interior (2) on an inner side and delimits a shaft (4) on an outer side, characterized in that a mounting section (10) of the shaft (4) and the interior (2) are connected via a passage running through the wall element (3), the assembly section (10) being separated from a section of the shaft (4) arranged underneath by a firewall (6) arranged in the shaft (4).

2. Cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the firewall (6) is connected to at least one side wall (7) which rests substantially on the outer side of the wall element (3).

3. Cell according to claim 2, characterized in that the firewall (6) is connected to four side walls (7), one of the side walls (7) having a shaft opening (8) which forms the passage.

4. Cell according to claim 3, characterized in that the shaft opening (8) has a closure element (14) which is designed to selectively close or release the shaft opening (8).

5. Cell according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that a ceiling element (16) is provided which is substantially flush with the at least one side wall (7).

6. Cell according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the firewall (6) has at least one fixing element (13) for attachment in the shaft (4).

7. Cell according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the wall opening (9) can be closed.

8. Cell according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the firewall (6) has openings in which tubular elements (5) are arranged.

9. Cell according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one of the tubular elements (5) in the mounting area (10) has a connecting element (11) for connection to a further tubular element (5).