WO2023097787A1 - 一种多孔纳米铜膜在电子器件封装互连中的应用 - Google Patents

一种多孔纳米铜膜在电子器件封装互连中的应用 Download PDF

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WO2023097787A1
WO2023097787A1 PCT/CN2021/138142 CN2021138142W WO2023097787A1 WO 2023097787 A1 WO2023097787 A1 WO 2023097787A1 CN 2021138142 W CN2021138142 W CN 2021138142W WO 2023097787 A1 WO2023097787 A1 WO 2023097787A1
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copper
porous nano
copper film
application
application according
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PCT/CN2021/138142
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French (fr)
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朱朋莉
王春成
孙蓉
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深圳先进技术研究院
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/48Manufacture or treatment of parts, e.g. containers, prior to assembly of the devices, using processes not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/48Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
    • H01L23/488Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of manufacturing metal functional materials for electronic components, and in particular relates to the application of a porous nano-copper film in packaging and interconnection of electronic devices.
  • Chips that use traditional solder as the interconnect layer will fail in this environment due to melting of the solder joints. So there is an urgent need for a chip bonding material to meet this high requirement and achieve stable service at high temperatures. Recently, a solder filled with nanomaterials has gradually attracted the attention of researchers. Nanomaterials have a very small size, which means that the specific surface area is larger and the surface energy is higher. It is not necessary to reach its melting point during the sintering process, and the driving force brought by the reduction of the surface area can be used to realize the diffusion between atoms, so as to realize Effect of sintered interconnects. Solder filled with nano-copper is becoming an ideal candidate for this purpose.
  • Metal copper has a very high melting point of 1083.4°C. Once the nano-copper is sintered, the high melting point will give it very high stability. Due to the small size effect, it can achieve sintering and diffusion at a relatively low temperature to achieve high-stability interconnection between the chip and the substrate.
  • problems to be solved in the process of applying nano-copper to sintered solder paste For example, when its size is less than a certain value, its surface energy becomes very high, and high surface energy will cause the copper atoms on its surface to be very active and oxidized during the sintering process. A dense oxide layer hinders the diffusion of atoms, which in turn hinders sintering.
  • the object of the present invention is to design and provide the porous nano-copper film and its preparation method and application, so as to solve the existing problem of oxidation of nano-copper particles in the sintering process.
  • porous nano copper film as an electronic device packaging interconnection structure.
  • the application is characterized in that the porous nano-copper film is prepared by a dealloying method.
  • the acid corrosion solution used in the dealloying method includes hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.
  • the said application is characterized in that the raw material for preparing the porous nano-copper film by the dealloying method includes one of copper-iron alloy, copper-aluminum alloy or copper-magnesium alloy.
  • the above-mentioned application is characterized in that the copper content in the copper-iron alloy, copper-aluminum alloy or copper-magnesium alloy is 20%-70%.
  • porous nano-copper film has a thickness of 50-200 microns.
  • Said application is characterized in that said porous nano-copper film is located between the first mother sheet and the second mother sheet.
  • said first mother sheet and said second mother sheet include copper, gold, silver, nickel or aluminum products.
  • the above application is characterized in that the porous nano-copper film is sintered and fixed between the first mother sheet and the second mother sheet through a sintering process of heating and applying pressure.
  • condition parameters of the sintering process are: heating temperature 150°C-300°C, pressure 1MPa-20MPa.
  • the present invention directly uses the porous nano-membrane as the welding material. Its advantage is that it can eliminate or reduce the influence of oxidation phenomenon, it is suitable for the welding of large-area chips, and its shape, thickness and size can be easily controlled.
  • Fig. 1 is the preparation schematic diagram of porous nano-copper film
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sandwich structure connector welded by nano-copper film.
  • the preparation method of the porous nano-copper film through the dealloying method, a raw material of copper-iron alloy, copper-aluminum alloy or copper-magnesium alloy is placed in hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid corrosion solution, and excess non-copper components are removed to obtain a thickness of 50 - 200 micron porous nano-copper film.
  • the copper content in the copper-iron alloy, copper-aluminum alloy or copper-magnesium alloy is 20% to 70%.
  • Figure 1 the schematic diagram of the preparation of the porous nano-copper film.
  • the active components inside the copper alloy will react with the acid corrosion solution, and finally the active components will be removed to form a porous nano-copper film.
  • Porous nano-copper films have a large number of nanostructures and are therefore suitable for sintering.
  • the prepared porous nano-copper film is sintered and fixed between the first mother sheet and the second mother sheet through a sintering process of heating and applying pressure.
  • the condition parameters of the sintering process are: heating temperature 150°C ⁇ 300°C, pressure 1MPa ⁇ 20MPa.
  • the first mother sheet and the second mother sheet include copper, gold, silver, nickel or aluminum products.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the sandwich structure connector.
  • the present invention has passed experiments, and the experimental results are feasible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Parts Printed On Printed Circuit Boards (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

一种多孔纳米铜膜在电子器件封装互连中的应用,属于电子元器件用金属功能材料制造技术领域。本发明提供了多孔纳米铜膜在作为电子器件封装互连结构中的应用。本发明为了防止氧化现象的发生,直接把多孔纳米膜当作焊接材料。其优点是可以杜绝或者减少氧化现象的影响,适用于大面积芯片的焊接,形状,厚度和大小可轻易控制。

Description

一种多孔纳米铜膜在电子器件封装互连中的应用 技术领域
本发明属于电子元器件用金属功能材料制造技术领域,具体涉及一种多孔纳米铜膜在电子器件封装互连中的应用。
背景技术
自动驾驶,航空航天,高铁和油气勘探等等的发展对芯片的要求也越来越高。而传统的硅基芯片已经不能满足他们的需求。所以急需一种耐高温,击穿电压高,能适应高电流密度和高开关频率的新型芯片。目前研究人员把目光投向了宽禁隙半导体(例如SiC 和GaN),因为他们能很好的满足现阶段人们对高性能芯片的需求。然而上述所提到的高温度,高电流密度等等工作环境通常意味着工作温度会大于250℃。而传统的焊料如锡铅焊料熔点常常在250℃以下。那些以传统焊料为互连层的芯片在此环境下工作会因为焊点融化而失效。所以现在急需一种芯片焊接材料来满足这种高要求并实现高温下稳定的服役。最近一种以纳米材料为填充的焊料逐渐的引起科研人员的注意。纳米材料具有非常小的尺寸,尺寸意味着比表面积更大,表面能更高,在烧结过程中不必要达到其熔点也能够利用表面积缩小所带来的驱动力来实现原子间的扩散,从而实现烧结互连的效果。以纳米铜为填充材料的焊料逐渐成为实现这一目的的理想候选者。
金属铜具有很高的熔点1083.4℃,纳米铜一旦烧结完成高熔点会赋予其非常高的稳定性。而由于小尺寸效应,其在相当低的温度下就能实现烧结扩散,达到使得芯片与基底之间的高稳定性互连。但是在纳米铜应用到烧结焊膏的过程中仍会有大量有待解决的问题。比如在其尺寸少于一定的值的时候其表面能变的非常的高,高表面能会导致其表面的铜原子非常活泼进而在烧结过程中发生氧化的现象。致密的氧化层会阻碍原子的扩散,进而阻碍烧结的进行。为了得到性能优越的铜烧结互连结构,在铜焊膏烧结的过程中常常会利用高温和高压来辅助烧结,进而消除铜纳米颗粒氧化带来的负面影响。但是高温高压常常会带来非常严重的后果,比如损坏芯片,设备负荷大,生产工艺不兼容。为了防止氧化有时铜焊膏的烧结会在惰性气氛中,还原气氛中或者真空环境下进行。但是这些特殊的气氛和环境会增加大生产过程中的成本。降低纳米铜颗粒的尺寸是现在主流的增加其烧结性能的方法,但是在铜颗粒的尺寸降低到一定程度的时候,其高表面能会使得处于表面的铜原子被氧化。氧化生成的铜氧化物会阻碍烧结过程中原子之间的扩散。因此纳米铜在烧结过程中发生氧化是一个急需解决的问题。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术中存在的问题,本发明的目的在于设计提供本发明提供多孔纳米铜膜及其制备方法和应用,以解决现有的纳米铜颗粒在烧结过程中氧化的问题。为了解决上述的问题我们提出了利用多孔纳米铜膜代替铜焊膏的想法,
多孔纳米铜膜在作为电子器件封装互连结构中的应用。
所述的应用,其特征在于所述多孔纳米铜膜通过脱合金法制备得到。
所述的应用,其特征在于所述脱合金法采用的酸腐蚀液包括盐酸和硫酸。
所述的应用,其特征在于所述脱合金法制备多孔纳米铜膜的原料包括铜铁合金、铜铝合金或铜镁合金中的一种。
所述的应用,其特征在于所述铜铁合金、铜铝合金或铜镁合金中的铜含量在20%~70%。
所述的应用,其特征在于所述多孔纳米铜膜的厚度为50-200微米。
所述的应用,其特征在于所述多孔纳米铜膜位于第一母片和第二母片之间。
所述的应用,其特征在于所述第一母片和第二母片包括铜,金,银,镍或铝制品。
所述的应用,其特征在于所述多孔纳米铜膜通过加热并施压的烧结工艺烧结固定在第一母片和第二母片之间。
所述的应用,其特征在于所述烧结工艺的条件参数为:加热温度150℃~300℃,施压压力1MPa ~20MPa。
本发明为了防止氧化现象的发生,直接把多孔纳米膜当作焊接材料。其优点是可以杜绝或者减少氧化现象的影响,适用于大面积芯片的焊接,形状,厚度和大小可轻易控制。
附图说明
图1为多孔纳米铜膜的制备示意图;
图2为利用纳米铜膜焊接的三明治结构连接件示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将通过附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1:
多孔纳米铜膜的制备方法:通过脱合金法,将铜铁合金、铜铝合金或铜镁合金中的一种原料,放置盐酸或硫酸酸腐蚀液中,除去多余的非铜成分,得到厚度为50-200微米的多孔纳米铜膜。其中,铜铁合金、铜铝合金或铜镁合金中的铜含量在20%~70%。如图1所示,多孔纳米铜膜的制备示意图。铜合金内部的活泼成分会与酸腐蚀液发生反应,最后活泼成分被除去形成多孔纳米铜膜。多孔纳米铜膜有大量的纳米结构,因而适用于烧结。
将制备的多孔纳米铜膜通过加热并施压的烧结工艺烧结固定在第一母片和第二母片之间。烧结工艺的条件参数为:加热温度150℃~300℃,施压压力1MPa ~20MPa。其中,第一母片和第二母片包括铜,金,银,镍或铝制品。如图2所示为三明治结构连接件示意图。
本发明通过实验,实验结果可行。

Claims (10)

1. 多孔纳米铜膜在作为电子器件封装互连结构中的应用。
如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于所述多孔纳米铜膜通过脱合金法制备得到。
如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于所述脱合金法采用的酸腐蚀液包括盐酸和硫酸。
如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于所述脱合金法制备多孔纳米铜膜的原料包括铜铁合金、铜铝合金或铜镁合金中的一种。
如权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于所述铜铁合金、铜铝合金或铜镁合金中的铜含量在20%~70%。
如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于所述多孔纳米铜膜的厚度为50-200微米。
如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于所述多孔纳米铜膜位于第一母片和第二母片之间。
如权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于所述第一母片和第二母片包括铜,金,银,镍或铝制品。
如权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于所述多孔纳米铜膜通过加热并施压的烧结工艺烧结固定在第一母片和第二母片之间。
如权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于所述烧结工艺的条件参数为:加热温度150℃~300℃,施压压力1MPa ~20MPa。
PCT/CN2021/138142 2021-12-02 2021-12-15 一种多孔纳米铜膜在电子器件封装互连中的应用 WO2023097787A1 (zh)

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